JP2013151437A - 幹細胞から褐色脂肪細胞への分化促進剤 - Google Patents
幹細胞から褐色脂肪細胞への分化促進剤 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】ハス胚芽の抽出物及びパッションフラワーの抽出物を有効成分として含有する幹細胞から褐色脂肪細胞への分化促進剤、該分化促進剤を含有する医薬品、医薬部外品、化粧品及び飲食品。
【選択図】なし
Description
(1) ハス胚芽の抽出物及びパッションフラワーの抽出物を有効成分として含有する幹細胞から褐色脂肪細胞への分化促進剤。
(2) 脱共役タンパク質1(UCP1)の発現を亢進する、(1)に記載の分化促進剤。
(3) (1)または(2)に記載の分化促進剤を含む医薬品または医薬部外品。
(4) (1)または(2)に記載の分化促進剤を含む化粧品。
(5) (1)または(2)に記載の分化促進剤を含む飲食品。
(6) 飲食品が、健康食品、機能性食品、特定保健用食品、または栄養補助食品である、(5)に記載の飲食品。
(7) (1)または(2)に記載の分化促進剤の存在下で幹細胞を培養して褐色脂肪細胞への分化誘導を促進することを特徴とする、幹細胞から褐色脂肪細胞への分化促進方法。
(8) (1)または(2)に記載の分化促進剤の存在下で幹細胞を培養して褐色脂肪細胞へ分化誘導する工程を含む、褐色脂肪細胞の製造方法。
本発明の幹細胞から褐色脂肪細胞への分化促進剤(以下、「褐色脂肪細胞分化促進剤」という)は、ハス胚芽の抽出物及びパッションフラワーの抽出物を有効成分とする。
ハス胚芽抽出物及びパッションフラワー抽出物を以下のとおり製造した。
(製造例1)ハス胚芽の熱水抽出物
ハス胚芽の乾燥物(蓮芯)10gに精製水100mLを加え、95〜100℃で2時間抽出した後、濾過し、その濾液を濃縮し、凍結乾燥して熱水抽出物を2.6g得た。
ハス胚芽の乾燥物(蓮芯)10gに精製水50mLおよびエタノール50mLを加え、常温で3日間抽出した後、濾過し、その濾液を濃縮し、凍結乾燥して50%エタノール抽出物を2.1g得た。
ハス胚芽の乾燥物(蓮芯)10gにエタノール100mLを加え、常温で3日間抽出した後、濾過し、その濾液を濃縮し、凍結乾燥してエタノール抽出物を0.4g得た。
ハス胚芽の乾燥物(蓮芯)10gに精製水50gおよび1,3−ブチレングリコール(1,3−BG)50gを加え、常温で7日間抽出した後、濾過し、50%1,3−BG抽出物を90g得た。
乾燥したパッションフラワーの茎と葉の混合物(フランス産)40gに、精製水800gを加え、95〜100℃で2時間抽出した。得られた抽出液を濃縮乾燥してパッションフラワーの熱水抽出物を11.4g得た。
乾燥したパッションフラワーの茎と葉の乾燥物(フランス産)100gに、精製水500gと1,3−ブチレングリコール500gを加え、室温で2週間抽出した。抽出後、ろ過し、パッションフラワーの50%1,3−ブチレングリコール抽出物を950g得た。
パッションフラワーの全草の乾燥物(フランス産)30gに、精製水500gとプロピレングリコール500gを加え、室温で2週間抽出した。抽出後、ろ過し、パッションフラワーのプロピレングリコール抽出物を950g得た。
パッションフラワーの全草の乾燥物(フランス産)20gに、精製水400gとエタノール400gを加え、室温で1週間抽出した後、ろ過し、そのろ液を濃縮し、凍結乾燥してパッションフラワーのエタノール抽出物を10.6g得た。
パッションフラワーの全草の乾燥物(フランス産)20gに、エタノール800gを加え、室温で1週間抽出した後、ろ過し、そのろ液を濃縮し、凍結乾燥してパッションフラワーのエタノール抽出物を2.4g得た。
実施例1で製造したハス胚芽の抽出物及びパッションフラワーの抽出物を用い、以下の処方と方法により各製品を調製した。
処方 配合量(重量%)
1.ハス胚芽の50%1,3−ブチレングリコール抽出物(製造例4) 0.05
2.パッションフラワーの1,3−ブチレングリコール抽出物(製造例6) 0.05
3.1,3−ブチレングリコール 8.0
4.グリセリン 2.0
5.キサンタンガム 0.02
6.クエン酸 0.01
7.クエン酸ナトリウム 0.1
8.エタノール 5.0
9.パントテン酸エチルアルコール 0.1
10.パラオキシ安息香酸メチル 0.1
11.ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油(40E.O.) 0.1
12.香料 0.1
13.精製水 84.37
処方例1において、ハス胚芽の50%1,3−ブチレングリコール抽出物およびパッションフラワーの1,3−ブチレングリコール抽出物を精製水に置き換える以外は処方例1と同じ手順にて従来のローションを調製した。
処方 配合量(重量%)
1.ハス胚芽の50%エタノール抽出物(製造例2) 0.03
2.パッションフラワーのプロピレングリコール抽出物(製造例7) 0.07
3.スクワラン 5.5
4.オリーブ油 3.0
5.ステアリン酸 2.0
6.ミツロウ 2.0
7.ミリスチン酸オクチルドデシル 3.5
8.ポリオキシエチレンセチルエーテル(20E.O.) 3.0
9.ベヘニルアルコール 1.5
10.モノステアリン酸グリセリン 2.5
11.香料 0.1
12.パラオキシ安息香酸メチル 0.2
13.パラオキシ安息香酸エチル 0.05
14.1,3−ブチレングリコール 8.5
15.精製水 68.05
処方例2において、ハス胚芽の50%エタノール抽出物およびパッションフラワーのプロピレングリコール抽出物を精製水に置き換える以外は処方例2と同じ手順にて従来のクリームを調製した。
処方 配合量(重量%)
1.ハス胚芽の熱水抽出物(製造例1) 3
2.パッションフラワーの熱水抽出物(製造例5) 2
3.乾燥コーンスターチ 25
4.カルボキシメチルセルロースカルシウム 20
5.微結晶セルロース 40
6.ポリビニルピロリドン 7
7.タルク 3
処方例3において、ハス胚芽の熱水抽出物及びパッションフラワーの熱水抽出物を精製水に置き換える以外は処方例3と同じ手順にて従来の錠剤を調製した。
処方 配合量(重量%)
1.ハス胚芽のエタノール抽出物(製造例3) 2.5
2.パッションフラワーのプロピレングリコール抽出物(製造例7) 1.5
3.ステビア 0.05
4.リンゴ酸 5.0
5.香料 0.1
6.水 90.85
処方例4において、ハス胚芽のエタノール抽出物およびパッションフラワーのプロピレングリコール抽出物を水に置き換える以外は処方例4と同じ手順にて従来の飲料を調製した。
(試験例1)マウス脂肪組織由来幹細胞から褐色脂肪細胞への分化誘導効率の評価
実施例1で製造したハス胚芽の抽出物及びパッションフラワーの抽出物を試料として用い、それらの脂肪組織由来幹細胞から褐色脂肪細胞への分化誘導効率を、褐色脂肪細胞特異的マーカーである脱共役タンパク質1(uncoupling protein−1:UCP1)の発現を指標として評価した。
細胞増殖用培養液として、D−MEM(Gibco)に、ウシ胎児血清(FBS、10%)、103UのESGRO(CHEMICON)、100unit/mLのペニシリン(シグマ)と100μg/mLのストレプトマイシン(ベーリンガー)を添加した培養液(以降、培養液1と記す)を調製した。
褐色脂肪細胞分化誘導培地として、D−MEM(Gibco)に、ウシ胎児血清(FBS、10%)、100unit/mLのペニシリン(シグマ)と100μg/mLのストレプトマイシン(ベーリンガー)、1μMのデキサメタゾン(DEX、Sigma)、0.5mMのイソブチルメチルキサンチン(IBMX、Sigma)、0.2mMのインドメタシン(IDM、Sigma)、10μg/mLのインスリン(Ins、Sigma)、33μMのビオチン(Sigma)を添加した培養液(以降、培養液2と記す)を調製した。
褐色脂肪細胞分化促進培地として、D−MEM(Gibco)に、ウシ胎児血清(FBS、10%)、100unit/mLのペニシリン(シグマ)と100μg/mLのストレプトマイシン(ベーリンガー)、10μg/mLのインスリン(Ins、Sigma)、33μMのビオチン(Sigma)を添加した培養液(以降、培養液3と記す)を調製した。
ICRマウス(雄性、4週齢)を刈毛処理した後、腹部皮下脂肪組織をそれぞれ別々に無菌的に摘出し、PBS(−)で3回洗浄した後、直径6cmの組織培養ディッシュ(Falcon製)に移した。それぞれの組織を、尖刃刀により約2mm角に細切し、0.2%コラゲナーゼ溶液(新田ゼラチン製)を加え、プラスチックディッシュを上下左右に揺らして溶液中に拡散させた。これらを、37℃で30分間インキュベートすることで細胞外マトリックスを消化した後、穏やかにピペッティングし細胞を分散させた。この細胞分散液を50mL容の遠沈管(Falcon製)にセルストレーナー(Falcon製)を通しながら移した。さらに、培養液1を適量添加し、よくピペッティングした後、5分間遠心分離した。遠心後、上清画分を除去し、新たに培養液1を加えて細胞を分散させ洗浄した。この洗浄操作を2回繰り返した。洗浄後、遠心分離法により幹細胞を分離し、褐色脂肪細胞への分化誘導に用いた。
上記の方法にて脂肪組織から得られた幹細胞を、培養液1を用いて培養した。具体的には、まず、培養液1に各細胞を懸濁し、組織培養用24穴プレートに播種し、5%CO2、37℃のインキュベーター内でコンフルエントになるまで培養した。コンフルエントな状態を確認後、次に、培養液1を培養液2に交換し、3日間培養後、さらに新しい培養液2に交換して3日間培養した。次に、培養液2を培養液3に交換し、2日間培養後、さらに新しい培養液3に交換して2日間培養した。この時、試料として、培養液3に実施例1で製造したハス胚芽の抽出物(製造例1〜3)を313μg/mL、パッションフラワーの抽出物(製造例5〜7)を1250μg/mLになるように添加した。また、陰性対照には、何も添加せず、比較対照には、カフェインを100μg/mL添加した。同時に2種類の試料を添加する場合は半分の濃度、すなわち、ハス胚芽の抽出物は156μg/mL、パッションフラワーの抽出物は625μg/mL、カフェインは50μg/mLとなるように添加した。
各試料による脂肪組織由来幹細胞から褐色脂肪細胞への分化誘導効率を、褐色脂肪細胞の特異的マーカーである脱共役タンパク質1(uncoupling protein−1、UCP1)の発現を指標に評価した。具体的には、前記(5)の方法にて幹細胞から褐色脂肪細胞への分化誘導を完了した細胞を、PBS(−)にて2回洗浄し、Trizol Reagent(Invitrogen)によって細胞からRNAを抽出した。2−STEPリアルタイムPCRキット(Applied Biosystems)を用いて、RNAをcDNAに逆転写後、下記のプライマーセットを用いてABI7300(Applied Biosystems)により、リアルタイムPCR(95℃:15秒間、60℃:30秒間、40cycles)を実施した。その他の操作は定められた方法に従って実施した。
5’GCAGCCTACAGAGGTCGTGAA3’(配列番号1)
5’GGGTTTGATCCCATGCAGAT3’(配列番号2)
GAPDH用のプライマーセット
5’TGCACCACCAACTGCTTAGC3’(配列番号3)
5’TCTTCTGGGTGGCAGTGATG3’(配列番号4)
試験例1と同様の方法にて分化誘導した褐色脂肪細胞について、中性脂質の蓄積量を評価した。具体的には、各試料により脂肪組織由来幹細胞から褐色脂肪細胞への分化誘導を完了した細胞を、PBS(−)にて2回洗浄し、0.2%Triton−X 100溶液に溶解した。細胞溶解溶液について、トリグリセライド E−テストワコー(和光純薬工業製)を用いて中性脂質量を、BCA Protein Assay Reagent kit(Thermo Scientific社製)を用いてタンパク質量を測定し、タンパク質当たりの細胞内中性脂質蓄積量(mg/mgタンパク質)を算出した。さらに、試料を添加せずに分化誘導した細胞における細胞内中性脂質蓄積量を100とし、これに対し、試料を添加して分化誘導した細胞における細胞内中性脂質蓄積量の値を算出し、評価した。その結果を表2に示した。
処方例1のローション、処方例2のクリーム、比較処方例1の従来のローションおよび比較処方例2の従来のクリームを用いて、女性30人(21〜46才)を対象に1ヶ月間の使用試験を行った。使用後、肌の引き締め感、肌の張り、肌の弾力感に関する痩身効果をアンケートにより判定した。これらの試験結果を表3に示した。
処方例3の錠剤、処方例4の飲料、比較処方例3の従来の錠剤および比較処方例4の従来の飲料を用いて、軽度肥満の男性20人(35〜55才)を対象に1ヶ月間の使用試験を行った。使用前後に、体重、皮下脂肪厚および胴囲を測定し、痩身効果を判定した。これらの試験結果を表4に示した。
Claims (8)
- ハス胚芽の抽出物及びパッションフラワーの抽出物を有効成分として含有する幹細胞から褐色脂肪細胞への分化促進剤。
- 脱共役タンパク質1(UCP1)の発現を亢進する、請求項1に記載の分化促進剤。
- 請求項1または2に記載の分化促進剤を含む医薬品または医薬部外品。
- 請求項1または2に記載の分化促進剤を含む化粧品。
- 請求項1または2に記載の分化促進剤を含む飲食品。
- 飲食品が、健康食品、機能性食品、特定保健用食品、または栄養補助食品である、請求項5に記載の飲食品。
- 請求項1または2に記載の分化促進剤の存在下で幹細胞を培養して褐色脂肪細胞への分化誘導を促進することを特徴とする、幹細胞から褐色脂肪細胞への分化促進方法。
- 請求項1または2に記載の分化促進剤の存在下で幹細胞を培養して褐色脂肪細胞へ分化誘導する工程を含む、褐色脂肪細胞の製造方法。
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