JP2012030234A - Rotational plastic working apparatus and operation method for rotational plastic working apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotational plastic working apparatus and an operation method for the rotational plastic working apparatus capable of improving plastic working accuracy of a preheated workpiece.SOLUTION: The rotational plastic working apparatus is provided with a tailstock mechanism 18 for pressing a pressing member 19 to a workpiece 4 so as to hold the preheated workpiece 4 with a molding die 17 and the pressing member 19, and a control means C for activating a moving mechanism 3 so as to move a roller 2 from the end side toward the base end of the molding die 17 through a plurality of steps each having different moving trajectory of the end of the roller 2, for performing plastic working of the workpiece 4 into a shape along the outer circumferential surface of the molding die 17. The tailstock mechanism 18 is configured to freely change pressing force with which the pressing member 19 is pressed to the workpiece 4. The control means C is configured to control operation of the tailstock mechanism 18 so that the pressing force is increased at a time when the roller 2 is moved in steps later than the first step as compared with a time when the roller 2 is moved at the first step.

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotational plastic working apparatus and a method of operating the rotational plastic working apparatus, and more specifically, a drive rotation mechanism that drives and rotates a mold around a main axis, and a pressing member that can rotate coaxially with the main axis, and A tailstock mechanism that presses the pressing member against the workpiece so as to sandwich the preheated workpiece between the molding die and the pressing member, and the molding die while abutting against the workpiece being rotated. And a roller for plastically processing the workpiece into a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and an X axis approaching and separating from the main shaft And a moving mechanism for moving the roller in two axial directions, ie, a Z-axis direction parallel to the main axis, and movement of the tip of the roller to plastically process the workpiece into a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the mold Multiple trajectories The control means for the rollers exert the moving mechanism to move toward the proximal side from the distal end side of the mold about the rotary plastic working device and an operating method is provided in step.

Such a rotary plastic working apparatus drives and rotates the forming die together with the work piece in a state where the work piece is sandwiched between the forming die and the pressing member, and the roller is brought into contact with the work piece in a rotating state. The workpiece is plastically processed into a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the mold by moving from the distal end side toward the proximal end side (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
Although not described in Patent Document 1, in order to reduce the hardness of the workpiece and facilitate the plastic processing of the workpiece, the workpiece is subjected to a predetermined process before plastic processing. Preheating is performed to a temperature (for example, 300 ° C.).

  By the way, even if the workpiece is plastically processed into a desired shape by simply moving the roller from the distal end side to the proximal end side while contacting the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece, the plastic deformation In some cases, the amount becomes too large, and it is difficult to accurately plastically process the workpiece into a desired shape. Therefore, by moving the roller from the tip side to the base side of the mold in a plurality of steps with different movement trajectories of the tip of the roller, the desired material can be obtained while gradually extending the workpiece to the base side of the mold. In some cases, plastic processing may be performed.

JP 2007-289986 A

By the way, while the roller is moved to the base end side of the mold while being brought into contact with the workpiece, a force acting to extend (or move) the workpiece to the base end side of the mold is generated. Needless to say, there is also a force (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a processing reaction force) that acts to extend (or move) the workpiece to the tip side of the mold. Such processing reaction force fluctuates depending on the movement locus of the tip of the roller that is moved while being in contact with the workpiece.
Therefore, in the conventional rotary plastic working apparatus and its operation method, the pressing member is pushed back in the direction away from the mold and the workpiece against the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism due to the increase of the reaction force. There was a fear. In this case, a gap is generated between the front end surface of the mold and the inner surface of the workpiece, the workpiece cannot be properly sandwiched between the mold and the pressing member, and the processing accuracy is reduced. Since there is a possibility that the volume distribution in the direction along the main axis in the plastic-worked work material may fluctuate, there arises a problem that the precision of plastic working of the work material is lowered.

By the way, it is assumed that the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism is increased so that the pressing member can be prevented from being pushed back in the direction away from the mold and the workpiece even when the processing reaction force increases.
However, since the workpiece is preheated and its hardness is reduced, if the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism is excessively increased, the workpiece may be plastically deformed by the pressing force, and the processing accuracy is Will drop.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a rotary plastic processing apparatus and a method of operating the rotary plastic processing apparatus that can improve the plastic processing accuracy of a preheated workpiece. It is in.

In order to achieve the above object, a rotary plastic working apparatus according to the present invention comprises a drive rotation mechanism for driving and rotating a mold around a main axis, a pressing member that can rotate coaxially with the main axis, and is preheated. A tailstock mechanism that presses the pressing member against the workpiece so as to hold the workpiece between the molding die and the pressing member, and the pressing member in the molding die while abutting against the workpiece in a rotating state A roller that moves from the distal end side toward the proximal end side to plastically process the workpiece into a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and an X-axis direction that approaches and separates from the main shaft and the main shaft A moving mechanism for moving the roller in two axial directions parallel to the Z axis, and a plurality of different moving loci at the tip of the roller to plastically process the workpiece into a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the mold Said step A the rotary plastic working device control means is provided exerting a moving mechanism to move toward the proximal end side over La from the tip end of the mold, its features configuration,
The tailstock mechanism is configured to freely change the pressing force that presses the pressing member against the workpiece,
When the control means moves the roller in a step after the first, the operation of the tail pushing mechanism is controlled to increase the pressing force than when the roller is moved in the first step. It is in the point.

According to the above characteristic configuration, since the operation of the tail pushing mechanism is controlled by the control means so as to make the pressing force larger than the first step at the step after the first, the step after the first In the step where the processing reaction force increases to a certain extent that the pressing member may be pushed back in the direction away from the mold and the workpiece, the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism is increased, and the pressing member is pressed by the processing reaction force. And it is possible to avoid being pushed back in the direction away from the workpiece.
Although the workpiece is preheated, the temperature of the workpiece is lowered when the step after the first step is executed, so that the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism is reduced at the step after the first. Even if it is increased, it is possible to prevent the workpiece from being plastically deformed by the pressing force.

The inventors of the present invention diligently studied the occurrence of processing reaction force, and found that the processing reaction force becomes larger in the later steps than the first on the basis described below.
In other words, when plastically processing a workpiece by moving the roller from the front end side to the base end side of the mold in a plurality of steps, the inner surface of the workpiece is the outer periphery of the mold in a later step than the first. It is performed in a form that comes into contact with the surface or a form in which the area of the inner surface of the workpiece that comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mold increases as the later step is reached. Here, one step is to move the roller once from the distal end side to the proximal end side of the mold.
The processing reaction force increases when the inner surface of the workpiece starts to contact the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and increases as the area of the inner surface of the workpiece that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the mold increases. Since it can be considered, the machining reaction force increases in the steps after the first.

Therefore, in view of the fact that the machining reaction force increases in the step after the first in this way, the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism is increased in the step after the first. Then, in all of the plurality of steps, while preventing the workpiece from being plastically deformed by the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism, the roller is placed in a state where the workpiece is appropriately sandwiched between the forming die and the pressing member. Since it can be moved to the base end side of the mold while being in contact with the workpiece, the workpiece can be accurately plastically processed into a desired shape along the outer peripheral surface of the mold.
Therefore, it is possible to provide a rotary plastic working apparatus that can improve the plastic working accuracy of the preheated workpiece.

In a further characteristic configuration of the rotary plastic working apparatus according to the present invention, a step for increasing the pressing force for increasing the pressing force from the first step is set in advance.
On the outer peripheral surface of the mold, a portion corresponding to the base end side than the distal end of the mold is provided with a stepped portion protruding radially outward of the mold,
The step of increasing the pressing force moves the roller so as to plastically process the workpiece into a shape along a step portion of the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and the outer peripheral surface of the mold This is the step of contacting the step.

According to the above characteristic configuration, in the preset step, the operation of the tail pushing mechanism is controlled by the control means so that the pressing force is larger than that in the first step. It is possible to avoid being pushed back in the direction away from the mold and the workpiece by the processing reaction force.
That is, since the movement trajectory of the roller tip in each step is set in advance, considering the movement trajectory of each step, among the plurality of steps, the processing reaction force increases, resulting in the first step If the pressing force remains unchanged, it is possible to specify in advance a step in which the pressing member may be pushed back in the direction away from the mold and the workpiece. Then, the step specified as such is set as a step for increasing the pressing force.
Therefore, in a step in which the pressing member may be pushed back in the direction away from the mold and the workpiece without providing a means for detecting that the pressing member is pushed back in the direction away from the mold and the workpiece, Since it can be avoided that the pressing force by the pressing mechanism is increased and the pressing member is pushed back, the plastic processing accuracy of the preheated workpiece can be improved while reducing the cost.

  Furthermore, in the step for increasing the pressing force, the roller is moved so as to plastically process the workpiece into a shape along the step on the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and the workpiece is moved to the step on the outer peripheral surface of the mold. Abut. Then, when the workpiece contacts the step on the outer peripheral surface of the mold, the processing reaction force increases, but the operation of the tailstock mechanism is controlled so that the pressing force is larger than the first step. It is possible to reliably avoid the pressing member from being pushed back.

  A further characteristic configuration of the rotary plastic processing apparatus according to the present invention is that, while the workpiece is plastically processed by the roller, the portion of the workpiece corresponding to the base end side of the workpiece is more proximal than the tip of the mold. The heating means for heating the processing region is provided.

According to the above characteristic configuration, while the work material is plastically processed by the roller, the work area of the work material corresponding to the base end side of the work material is heated by the heating unit.
That is, in the work material, the hardness of the work area in which the roller is brought into contact with the work material can be reduced, so that the work material can be easily plastically deformed.
Moreover, even if the work material is heated by the heating means, the work area is heated in a concentrated manner in the work material, so that it corresponds to the tip side of the mold in the work material. It is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the portion that performs. Thereby, even if the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism is increased in a step after the first, it is possible to prevent the workpiece from being plastically deformed by the pressing force.
Therefore, the plastic processing accuracy of the preheated workpiece can be further improved.

In order to achieve the above object, an operation method of a rotary plastic working apparatus according to the present invention comprises a drive rotation mechanism for driving and rotating a mold around a main axis, a pressing member that can rotate coaxially with the main axis, and a preliminary In the mold, while abutting against the work material in a rotating state, a tail pushing mechanism that presses the press member against the work material so as to sandwich the heated work material between the mold and the press member. A roller that moves from the distal end side, which is the side of the pressing member, toward the proximal end side, and plastically processes the workpiece into a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and an X-axis direction approaching and separating from the main shaft And a moving mechanism for moving the roller in two Z-axis directions parallel to the main shaft, and a tip of the roller to plastically process the workpiece into a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the mold The movement trajectory is different As is moved toward the roller proximally from the distal end side of the mold by the number of steps, a method of operating a rotary plastic working device exerting said moving mechanism, its features configuration,
The tailstock mechanism is configured to freely change the pressing force that presses the pressing member against the workpiece,
When the tail pushing mechanism is operated and the roller is moved in a step after the first, the pressing force is made larger than when the roller is moved in the first step.

According to the above characteristic configuration, in the step after the first step, in which the processing reaction force becomes large to the extent that the pressing member may be pushed back in the direction away from the mold and the workpiece, the tailstock mechanism is Since the pressing force is made larger than that in the first step by operating, it is possible to prevent the pressing member from being pushed back in the direction away from the mold and the workpiece by the processing reaction force.
Although the workpiece is preheated, the temperature of the workpiece is lowered when the step after the first is executed. Therefore, the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism is increased at the step after the first. Even so, it is possible to prevent the workpiece from being plastically deformed by the pressing force.

That is, in the same way as the characteristic configuration of the rotary plastic working apparatus is explained earlier, in view of the fact that the working reaction force becomes larger at the step after the first, the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism at the step after the first To make it larger. Then, in all of the plurality of steps, while preventing the workpiece from being plastically deformed by the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism, the roller is placed in a state where the workpiece is appropriately sandwiched between the forming die and the pressing member. Since it can be moved to the base end side of the mold while being in contact with the workpiece, the workpiece can be accurately plastically processed into a desired shape along the outer peripheral surface of the mold.
Therefore, it is possible to provide a method of operating the rotary plastic working apparatus that can improve the plastic working accuracy of the preheated workpiece.

Front view of a vertical spinning apparatus according to an embodiment Plan view of a vertical spinning apparatus according to an embodiment Schematic side view showing the configuration of the tailstock mechanism A perspective view showing a configuration of a three-axis moving mechanism Longitudinal front view showing the configuration of the triaxial moving mechanism Longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the processing state of the workpiece by multiple steps Longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the processing state of the workpiece by multiple steps Longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the processing state of the workpiece by multiple steps

  Hereinafter, based on the drawings, an embodiment when the present invention is applied to a vertical spinning processing apparatus 1 as an example of a rotary plastic processing apparatus will be described.

Specifically, FIG. 1 shows a state in which a vehicle wheel is formed by spinning (plastic working) an aluminum casting material that is a workpiece 4 using a vertical spinning machine 1. Yes.
As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical spinning processing apparatus 1 includes a drive rotation mechanism 16 that drives and rotates the molding die 17 around the main axis D, and a pressing tool 19 as a pressing member that can rotate coaxially with the main axis D. Further, in order to hold the preheated workpiece 4 between the molding die 17 and the pressing tool 19, a tailstock mechanism 18 that presses the pressing tool 19 against the workpiece 4 and the rotating workpiece 4 are brought into contact. While moving from the distal end side, which is the side of the pressing tool 19 in the molding die 17, to the proximal end side, the workpiece 4 is spun into a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the molding die 17, and the spindle D The X-axis direction approaching and separating (the left-right direction in FIG. 1), the Z-axis direction (up-down direction in FIG. 1) parallel to the main axis D, and the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction (front and back in FIG. 1) Direction) and a triaxial moving mechanism 3 for moving the roller 2 in the triaxial direction. And a control unit C, etc. as a control means for controlling the operation of the vertical spinning apparatus 1 is constructed.
In this embodiment, the moving mechanism that moves the roller 2 in the two-axis directions of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction moves the roller 2 in the three-axis direction obtained by adding the Y-axis direction to the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. The shaft moving mechanism 3 is used.

Hereinafter, each part of the vertical spinning processing apparatus 1 will be described.
[Frame structure]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vertical spinning machine 1 includes a lower fixing frame 5 provided at the lower part of the apparatus, three columnar fixing frames 6 erected on the lower fixing frame 5, The upper fixed frame 7 is provided on the upper part of the columnar fixed frame 6 of the book. The columnar fixed frame 6 includes a single columnar fixed frame 6a provided on the left side and a pair of columnar fixed frames 6b provided on the right side.

  The lower fixed frame 5 is formed in a substantially square shape in a front view, and in a plan view, on the left side thereof is a narrow frame portion 5a that is substantially matched with the width of the molding die 17, and on the right side is a pair of columnar fixed frames. A wide frame portion 5b having a width capable of supporting 6b is provided. Between the pair of columnar fixed frames 6b, a first holding frame 10 and a second holding frame 11, which will be described later, are positioned. A configuration in which the width of the lower fixed frame 5 is sequentially enlarged is adopted between the narrow base 5a and the wide base 5b.

  A device mounting base 13 on which a predetermined device is mounted is provided in a peripheral portion (a region on the right side in FIG. 1 and a region extending from the right side to the upper right side in FIG. 2) extending from the right side to the right rear side of the lower fixed frame 5. It has been. In the illustrated example, a hydraulic pressure generating device 14 such as a hydraulic pump that generates hydraulic pressure used in the vertical spinning machine 1 is mounted on the upper portion of the device mounting base 13 positioned on the right side with respect to the lower fixed frame 5. Is placed. A control device case 15 is placed on the upper part of the equipment mounting base 13 positioned on the right rear side with respect to the lower fixed frame 5, and the control device C is housed in the control device case 15.

(Drive rotation mechanism)
The drive rotation mechanism 16 includes an adapter 9 that is supported on the narrow base 5a of the lower frame 5 so as to be rotatable about the vertical axis D, a spindle motor M1 that drives and rotates the adapter 9, and the like. A molding die 17 is disposed on the top of the adapter 9. The spindle motor M1 is disposed on the left side of the lower fixed frame 5.
Then, the workpiece 4 in contact with the forming die 17 is subjected to spinning processing. In the case of this example, the workpiece 4 is a wheel material that has been processed on one end side (the upper end side shown in FIG. 1).

[Tailstock mechanism]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the tailstock mechanism 18 is positioned above the spindle D so that the workpiece 4 attached to the mold 17 can be pressed and fixed from above. It is disposed on the upper fixed frame 7. In addition to the above-described pressing tool 19, the tail-pushing mechanism 18 includes a tail-pushing hydraulic cylinder 20 that moves the pressing tool 19 up and down, and a tail-pushing hydraulic pressure that allows the pressing tool 19 to rotate coaxially with the main shaft D. The rotation support part 21 supported by the cylinder rod 20a of the cylinder 20 is provided. Then, the pressing tool 19 is moved downward by the tail pushing mechanism 18 and pressed against the workpiece 4 disposed on the upper part of the molding die 17, whereby the workpiece 4 is held between the molding die 17 and the pressing tool 19. Is configured to do.
The pressing tool 19 is configured to be driven and rotated by the rotation support portion 21 as the workpiece 4 rotates.
The workpiece 4 is preheated to a predetermined temperature (for example, about 300 ° C.) in a heating furnace (not shown), and the workpiece 4 thus preheated is formed with the molding die 17 and the pressing tool 19. It will be pinched by.

As shown in FIG. 1, hydraulic oil is supplied from the above-described hydraulic pressure generator 14 to the tailstock hydraulic cylinder 20 through the hot water passage 22, and the hydraulic oil is supplied from the tailstock hydraulic cylinder 20 through the hot water passage 22 to the tank 23. Further, a hydraulic control valve 24 for controlling the operation of the tailstock hydraulic cylinder 20 is provided. The hydraulic control valve 24 switches the direction in which the hydraulic oil flows to switch the expansion and contraction of the tailstock hydraulic cylinder 20, and adjusts the solenoid exciting current to adjust the flow rate of the hydraulic oil. The hydraulic pressure supplied to the pressing hydraulic cylinder 20, that is, the pressing force for pressing the pressing tool 19 against the workpiece 4 can be changed and adjusted.
That is, the tail pressing mechanism 18 is configured to be able to change the pressing force for pressing the pressing tool 19 against the workpiece 4.

[Roller, 3-axis moving mechanism]
The roller 2 and the triaxial moving mechanism 3 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 4, and 5, the roller 2 is held by a third holding frame 12, the third holding frame 12 is held by the second holding frame 11, and the second holding frame 11 is held by the first holding frame. The frame 10 is held in a nested state, and the position of the roller 2 is positioned by appropriately positioning these three holding frames 10, 11, and 12. In the spinning process, the roller 2 is brought into contact with the surface of the workpiece 4 in a rotating state, and the roller 2 is configured to be driven to rotate as the workpiece 4 rotates.

With respect to the Z-axis direction parallel to the main axis D, the first holding frame 10 can be moved and positioned in the Z-axis direction with respect to the pair of columnar fixed frames 6b by the Z-axis motor M3.
With respect to the X-axis direction, which is the approach / separation direction with respect to the main shaft D, the X-axis motor M2 is configured such that the second holding frame 11 can be moved and positioned in the X-axis direction with respect to the first holding frame 10.
With respect to the Y-axis direction, the third holding frame 12 can be moved and positioned in the Y-axis direction with respect to the second holding frame 11 by the Y-axis hydraulic cylinder S1.
The direction of the main axis D and the Z-axis direction are vertical directions, the X-axis direction is defined in a horizontal plane, and is a direction in which the main axis D approaches and separates from the main axis D. Therefore, the Y-axis direction is a direction orthogonal to the X-axis in the horizontal plane.

Each frame is connected by a slide mechanism SM including a rail R disposed on one frame and a slider L movable in the longitudinal direction of the rail R.
Further, a configuration for moving the first holding frame 10 in the Z-axis direction with respect to the pair of columnar fixed frames 6b by the Z-axis motor M3, and a first setting for the first holding frame 10 by the X-axis motor M2. 2 The structure for moving the holding frame 11 in the X-axis direction includes a screw shaft B extending from the Z-axis motor M3 and the X-axis motor M2, and the first holding frame 10 and the first holding frame 10 in a state of being screwed to the screw shaft B. 2 A ball screw type feed mechanism DM including a ball screw nut N attached to the holding frame 11 is used.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, in this example, a pair of rollers 2 a and 2 b are held by the third holding frame 12 as the roller 2. That is, as the roller 2, there are a heavy processing roller 2a having a larger curvature radius at the machining end and a light machining roller 2b having a smaller curvature radius at the machining end than the heavy processing roller 2a. Is provided. Then, by the positioning in the Y-axis direction, spinning processing can be performed by selectively using the heavy processing roller 2a and the light processing roller 2b.
The normal spinning process is performed by the heavy processing roller 2a with the heavy processing roller 2a fixed at a predetermined position in the Y-axis direction.

[Heating mechanism]
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in this embodiment, the vertical spinning processing apparatus 1 further includes a forming die 17 of the workpiece 4 while the workpiece 4 is being spun by the roller 2. A heating mechanism 25 is provided as a heating means for heating a portion of the work area corresponding to the base end side of the tip end.
That is, the heating mechanism 25 includes the burner 25a, and can heat the workpiece 4 appropriately (for example, about 300 ° C.) with a flame formed by the burner 25a.
The heating part by the heating mechanism 25 is a position in the circumferential direction different from the contact part where the roller 2 is in contact with the region to be processed.

〔Operation board〕
As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical spinning processing apparatus 1 is further provided with a separate operation panel 26, which is configured to be able to execute operations such as starting and ending spinning processing from the operation panel 26. ing.

The above is the configuration of each part of the vertical spinning machine 1 according to the present application. Hereinafter, the operation method of the vertical spinning machine 1 that is the feature of the present application will be described based on FIGS. 6 to 8.
The operation method of the vertical spinning processing apparatus 1 according to the present invention includes a plurality of steps in which the movement trajectory T of the tip of the roller 2 is different (this step) in order to spin the workpiece 4 into a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the mold 17 In this embodiment, the operation method is to operate the triaxial moving mechanism 3 so that the roller 2 is moved from the distal end side to the proximal end side of the mold 17 in 7 steps). In this embodiment, this operation method is controlled. The apparatus C is configured to be automatically executed. Here, one step is to move the roller 2 once from the distal end side to the proximal end side of the mold 17.
In the present invention, in such an operation method, when the tailstock mechanism 18 is operated and the roller 2 is moved in the step after the first, the pusher is moved more than when the roller 2 is moved in the first step. An operation method for increasing the pressure is executed, and in this embodiment, the operation method is automatically executed by the control device C.

In this embodiment, a step for increasing the pressing force for increasing the pressing force by the tail pressing mechanism 18 than the first step is set in advance.
As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, a step portion 17 s that protrudes outward in the radial direction of the molding die 17 is provided in a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the molding die 17 corresponding to the base end side with respect to the distal end of the molding die 17. The step of increasing the pressing force moves the roller 2 so that the workpiece 4 is spun into a shape along the step 17 s of the outer peripheral surface of the mold 17, and the workpiece 4 is moved to the outer periphery of the mold 17. This is a step of contacting the surface step 17s.

Incidentally, in this embodiment, the stepped portion 17s on the outer peripheral surface of the mold 17 is provided in a single step at a position biased toward the base end side of the mold 17 on the outer peripheral surface of the mold 17.
Here, the stepped portion 17s on the outer peripheral surface of the molding die 17 is the base end side (downward in FIGS. 6 to 8) of the molding die 1 when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the main axis D (vertical direction in FIGS. 6 to 8). A portion that is stepped in a form in which the angle of inclination with respect to the main axis D in a state of being farther from the main axis D is larger than the tip side (upper side in FIGS. 6 to 8) of the mold 17. Say.
And in the example shown in FIGS. 6-8, each corner | angular part of the step part 17s in the outer peripheral surface of the shaping | molding die 17 becomes a shape without the roundness of the form which planes faced, but it is round. It is good also as concave shape with.

Hereinafter, the movement trajectory of the tip of the roller 2 in each of the plurality of steps and the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism 18 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, in this embodiment, seven steps from Step 1 to Step 7 are set as a plurality of steps, and the movement locus T of the tip of the roller 2 of each step is set in advance. ing. FIG. 6A shows a state before the spinning process, and the workpiece 4 remains as a prototype. 6 (b), FIG. 7 (c), (d), (e), and FIG. 8 (f), (g), (h) are step 1, step 2, and step 3, respectively. Step 4, Step 5, Step 6, and Step 7 are shown.
The position of the tip of the roller 2 is determined by position data including coordinates in the X axis direction, the Z axis direction, and the Y axis direction.
The movement trajectory T of the tip of the roller 2 in each step is set by a series of position data in which a plurality of position data is connected, and the movement trajectory data composed of the series of position data corresponds to each step, and Pre-stored in the storage unit.
Corresponding to each of the seven steps, the hydraulic pressure supplied to the tailstock hydraulic cylinder 20 (that is, the pressing force that presses the pressing tool 19 against the workpiece 4) is set. Is stored in advance in the storage unit of the control device C.

Specifically, the operation panel 26 is provided with a joystick-type roller moving operation tool (not shown) that can manually move the roller 2 in the X-axis direction, the Z-axis direction, and the Y-axis direction. ing.
Then, while moving the roller 2 using this roller moving operation tool, a teaching process for storing the position data in the storage unit of the control device C in time series is performed to set the movement trajectory of each step.
Also, hydraulic pressure data corresponding to each step is set by inputting from the operation panel 26.

  The control device C then adjusts the hydraulic pressure supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 20 for tailstock to the hydraulic pressure corresponding to each step based on the stored hydraulic pressure data (specifically, the hydraulic control). In addition to controlling the operation of the valve 24) and controlling the operation of the triaxial moving mechanism 3 based on the stored movement trajectory data, the seven steps are sequentially executed in the order of the step numbers. Then, the pressing tool 19 is pressed against the workpiece 4 with the pressing force set for each step, and the workpiece 4 is clamped between the pressing tool 19 and the mold 17 and set for each step. The roller 2 is moved along the moving trajectory T, and the workpiece 4 is spun into a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the mold 17.

In this embodiment, the steps from Step 1 to Step 3 are such that the workpiece 4 is extended to the front side of the step portion 17 s on the outer peripheral surface of the forming die 17, and on the tip side of the forming die 17 with respect to the step portion 17 s. In this step, the roller 2 is moved from the distal end side to the proximal end side of the molding die 17 so as to be spun along.
On the other hand, in steps 4 to 7, the work piece 4 is extended to the tip of the step portion 17s on the outer peripheral surface of the forming die 17, and the roller 2 is formed into a mold so as to be spun into a shape along the step portion 17s. 17 is a step of moving from the distal end side toward the proximal end side.
That is, in step 4, the workpiece 4 starts to contact the step 17 s on the outer peripheral surface of the mold 17, and in the subsequent steps, the area of the workpiece 4 that contacts the step 17 s on the outer peripheral surface of the mold 17. The workpiece 4 is spun so as to gradually increase, and step 4 to step 7 are sequentially executed so that the workpiece 4 follows the step 17 s on the outer peripheral surface of the mold 17. Spinning will be gradually performed.
Accordingly, in steps 4 to 7, the roller 2 is moved so that the workpiece 4 is spun into a shape along the step 17s on the outer peripheral surface of the molding die 17, and the workpiece 4 is molded into the molding die. 17 is a step for making contact with the step portion 17s of the outer peripheral surface of 17 and is set to a step for increasing the pressing force.
Thus, the steps set for increasing the pressing force are (b) in FIG. 6, (c), (d), (e) in FIG. 7, and (f), (g), ( As shown in h), it can be specified based on the movement trajectory T of the tip of the roller 2 set in advance for each step.

The hydraulic pressure supplied to the tailstock hydraulic cylinder 20 is set to a pressure higher than the steps from Step 1 to Step 3 for the steps for increasing the pressing force from Step 4 to Step 7.
Incidentally, in the tailstock hydraulic cylinder 20 used in this embodiment, a thrust of about 10 t is obtained in steps 1 to 3, and a thrust of about 20 t is obtained in steps 4 to 7.
Note that the pressing force exerted on the workpiece 4 by the supply hydraulic pressure set corresponding to Steps 1 to 3 does not cause plastic deformation even if the workpiece 4 is preheated to a predetermined temperature. The pressing force can be sufficiently prevented.

In step 4 to step 7, the workpiece 4 is spun into a shape along the step 17 s on the outer peripheral surface of the mold 17, so that the workpiece 4 is moved to the tip side of the mold 17 by the action of the step 17 s. The force (working reaction force) acting so as to extend becomes larger than that in Steps 1 to 3.
In step 4 to step 7, the operation of the tail pushing mechanism 18 is controlled so that the pressing force is larger than that in step 1, so that the pressing tool 19 is separated from the forming die 17 and the workpiece 4 by the processing reaction force. Pushing back in the direction can be prevented.
Further, although the workpiece 4 is preheated, when step 4 is executed, the workpiece 4 is sufficiently heated to prevent plastic deformation of the workpiece 4 even if the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism 18 is increased. The temperature of the workpiece 4 is decreasing.
Further, while the workpiece 4 is being subjected to the spinning process, the workpiece 4 is heated by the heating mechanism 25 in order to reduce the hardness of the workpiece 4 so as to be easily plastically deformed. Since the workpiece 4 is set in the region to be processed corresponding to the base end side of the workpiece 17 relative to the distal end of the molding die 17, even if the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism 18 is increased in steps 4 to 7, It is possible to prevent the workpiece 4 from being plastically deformed by the pressing force.
Accordingly, in all of the plurality of steps, the workpiece 4 is appropriately held between the molding die 17 and the pressing tool 19 while preventing the workpiece 4 from being plastically deformed by the pressing force of the tail pushing mechanism 18. Thus, the roller 2 can be moved to the base end side of the molding die 17 while being in contact with the workpiece 4, so that the workpiece 4 is accurately processed into a desired shape along the outer peripheral surface of the molding die 17. can do.

[Another embodiment]
Next, another embodiment will be described.
(A) When the step for increasing the pressing force for increasing the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism 18 is set in advance, the setting method is the method described in the above embodiment, that is, the roller set for each of a plurality of steps. It is not limited to the method of considering and setting the movement locus | trajectory of 2 tips. For example, it can also be set as (A-1) to (A-3) below.
(A-1) The test operation is performed in such a manner that each step is executed while detecting the temperature of the portion of the workpiece 4 that is pressed by the pressing tool 19 (the portion that comes into contact with the tip of the mold 17). . Then, even if the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism 18 is increased to a set pressing force for increase larger than the first step, the step in which the temperature of the workpiece 4 is lowered to such an extent that plastic deformation can be prevented is specified. Then, the specified step is set as a pressing force increasing step. Incidentally, the set pressing force for increasing is set to a value such that the pressing tool 19 is not pushed back in the direction away from the mold 17 and the workpiece 4 due to the processing reaction force. As a result, the workpiece 4 is spun so as to come into contact with the stepped portion 17s on the outer peripheral surface of the mold 17, so that the pressing tool 19 can be connected to the mold 17 and the workpiece even when the processing reaction force increases. Pushing back in the direction away from the workpiece 4 can be prevented.

(A-2) For the test operation, a detection means for detecting a backward displacement in which the pressing tool 19 is displaced along the main axis D to the side away from the mold 17 and the workpiece 4 is provided, and detection information of the detection means is provided. The test operation is performed in such a manner that each step is executed while monitoring. Then, the step in which the backward displacement is detected by the detecting means is specified, and the specified step is set as the pressing force increasing step. Incidentally, a linear scale, an encoder, etc. can be used as a detection means.

(A-3) Even if the test operation described in both (A-1) and (A-2) is performed and the pressing force by the tailstock mechanism 18 is increased to the set pressing force for increase, the plastic deformation The step in which the temperature of the workpiece 4 is lowered to such a level that can be prevented and the backward displacement is detected by the detecting means is specified, and the specified step is set as the pressing force increasing step.

  In setting the step for increasing the pressing force in advance in the manner of (A-1), (A-2), and (A-3), only one step may be set or a plurality of steps may be set. May be set.

(B) The rotary plastic working apparatus is provided with detection means for detecting the backward displacement of the pressing tool 19 as described above, and the control device C is pressed in a step after the first based on the detection information of the detection means. When the tool 19 moves backward, the operation of the tail pushing mechanism 18 may be controlled to increase the pressing force.

(C) When the roller 2 is moved in a step after the first, when the pressing force by the tail pushing mechanism 18 is made larger than in the case where the roller 2 is moved in the first step, In the above example, the pressing force is uniformly set and the pressing force is increased in one step. However, the pressing force may be increased in a plurality of steps.
In this case, the pressing force is increased in the later steps, the pressing force is increased as the temperature of the portion pressed by the pressing tool 19 in the workpiece 4 is lowered, or by the detecting means. It is possible to increase the pressing force as the backward displacement of the pressing tool 19 increases.
Further, in the final step, the pressing force by the tail pressing mechanism 18 may be made smaller than the pressing force increasing step.

(D) In providing the stepped portion 17s on the outer peripheral surface of the mold 17, only one step is provided in the above embodiment, but a plurality of steps may be provided in the direction along the main axis D.
Further, when the step 17s is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the molding die 17, the position is limited to the position exemplified in the above-described embodiment, that is, the position on the base end side from the center in the direction along the main axis D. Instead, it may be set to a position on the tip side of the center in the direction along the main axis D.

(E) In the above embodiment, the operation method of the rotary plastic working apparatus according to the present invention is configured to be automatically executed by the control apparatus C, but may be configured to be performed manually.

(F) As a moving mechanism for moving the roller 2 in the X-axis direction approaching and separating from the main shaft D and the Z-axis direction parallel to the main shaft D, in the above embodiment, in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, The triaxial moving mechanism 3 that moves the roller 2 in the three axial directions including the Y axial direction orthogonal to both axial directions is used, but a biaxial moving mechanism that does not have a moving function in the Y axial direction is also used. Can do.

(G) In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to a vertical rotary plastic working apparatus in which the direction of the main axis D is the vertical direction. However, in the present invention, the direction of the main axis D is a horizontal direction or a horizontal direction other than the vertical direction. It is possible to apply to a rotary plastic working apparatus set in a direction inclined obliquely upward.

  As described above, it is possible to provide a rotary plastic working apparatus and a method of operating the rotary plastic working apparatus that can improve the plastic working accuracy of a preheated workpiece.

2 Roller 3 Triaxial moving mechanism (moving mechanism)
4 Work Material 16 Drive Rotation Mechanism 17 Mold 17s Stepped Part 18 Tail Mechanism 19 Pressing Tool (Pressing Member)
25 Heating mechanism (heating means)
C Control device (control means)
D Spindle T Movement trajectory

Claims (4)

A drive rotation mechanism for driving and rotating the mold around the main axis;
A tailstock mechanism that includes a pressing member that is rotatable coaxially with the main shaft, and that presses the pressing member against the workpiece so as to sandwich the preheated workpiece between the mold and the pressing member;
A shape that moves from the distal end side, which is the side of the pressing member in the molding die, toward the proximal end side while being in contact with the workpiece in a rotating state, and that forms the workpiece along the outer peripheral surface of the molding die. A roller for plastic processing,
A moving mechanism for moving the roller in two axial directions: an X-axis direction approaching and separating from the main shaft and a Z-axis direction parallel to the main shaft;
In order to plastically process the workpiece into a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the mold, the roller is moved from the distal end side to the proximal end side of the mold in a plurality of steps with different movement loci at the distal end of the roller. A rotary plastic working apparatus provided with a control means for operating the moving mechanism so as to
The tailstock mechanism is configured to freely change the pressing force that presses the pressing member against the workpiece,
When the control means moves the roller in a step after the first, the operation of the tail pushing mechanism is controlled to increase the pressing force than when the roller is moved in the first step. Rotating plastic processing equipment. A step for increasing the pressing force for making the pressing force larger than the first step is set in advance;
On the outer peripheral surface of the mold, a portion corresponding to the base end side than the distal end of the mold is provided with a stepped portion protruding radially outward of the mold,
The step of increasing the pressing force moves the roller so as to plastically process the workpiece into a shape along a step portion of the outer peripheral surface of the mold, and the outer peripheral surface of the mold The rotary plastic working apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotating plastic working apparatus is a step of contacting the stepped portion.   2. A heating means for heating a portion of the workpiece corresponding to the proximal end side of the workpiece relative to the distal end side of the workpiece while the workpiece is plastically processed by the roller. Or the rotational plastic working apparatus of 2. A drive rotation mechanism for driving and rotating the mold around the main axis;
A tailstock mechanism that includes a pressing member that is rotatable coaxially with the main shaft, and that presses the pressing member against the workpiece so as to sandwich the preheated workpiece between the mold and the pressing member;
A shape that moves from the distal end side, which is the side of the pressing member in the molding die, toward the proximal end side while being in contact with the workpiece in a rotating state, and that forms the workpiece along the outer peripheral surface of the molding die. A roller for plastic processing,
A moving mechanism for moving the roller in two axial directions, an X-axis direction approaching and separating from the main shaft and a Z-axis direction parallel to the main shaft;
In order to plastically process the workpiece into a shape along the outer peripheral surface of the mold, the roller is moved from the distal end side to the proximal end side of the mold in a plurality of steps with different movement loci at the distal end of the roller. An operation method of a rotary plastic working device that makes the moving mechanism work,
The tailstock mechanism is configured to freely change the pressing force that presses the pressing member against the workpiece,
An operation method of a rotary plastic working apparatus in which the pressing force is increased when the tail push mechanism is operated and the roller is moved in a step after the first than when the roller is moved in the first step.

Images