JP2010035403A - Electric motor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric motor capable of changing the rotational speed of an armature by switching the conduction of electricity among three brushes, reducing vibration and operating noise, and improve workability in mounting connecting wires and winding wires. <P>SOLUTION: The electric motor has a magnet 4 with two pairs of poles, eighteen teeth 9, and eighteen segments 14. A winding wire 12 and a connecting wire for forming an armature coil 7 are formed sequentially by a first conductive wire 110 or a second conductive wire 120, wherein the winding wire 12 is divided into first to fourth coil winding wires 7A, 7B, 7M, and 7N that are adjacent to each another and are each wound around four teeth 9 adjacent to each other. A segment to which an end section 31 of the fourth coil winding wire 7N is connected is a segment 14 adjacent to a segment arranged at a position which is point symmetric about a segment as a refrence to which an end section 30 of the first coil winding wire 7A is connected. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric motor mounted on an automobile or the like, and more particularly to an electric motor capable of varying the rotation speed of an armature provided in the electric motor.

  Generally, a commutator motor with a brush is often used as an electric motor mounted on an automobile. The electric motor includes a cylindrical yoke, a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the yoke, and an armature arranged inside the permanent magnet and rotatable with respect to the yoke. Yes. The armature includes a rotary shaft, an armature core fixed on the shaft and having a plurality of radially formed teeth, and a coil wound around the teeth. The coil has a plurality of windings wound on the teeth through slots formed between the teeth. Each winding is connected to a plurality of segments of a commutator fixed to the rotating shaft.

  The commutator is formed of a metal piece and has a plurality of segments insulated from each other and arranged in a cylindrical shape, and a winding start end and a winding end end of the winding are connected to each of the segments. A plurality of brushes are slidably connected to the commutator segment, and current is supplied to the coils via these brushes. A magnetic field is formed in the teeth of the armature core by the current flowing through the coil, and the armature rotates together with the rotating shaft by the magnetic attractive force and repulsive force generated between the permanent magnet fixed on the yoke and the teeth. To do.

  This electric motor includes a total of three brushes, a low speed brush and a high speed brush selectively connected to the positive electric terminal of the power source, and a common brush connected to the negative electric terminal of the power source. There is one that can change the rotation speed of an armature provided in an electric motor by selectively connecting one of high-speed brushes to a plus electric terminal (for example, Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 17 is an exploded view of a 4-pole 16-slot 16-segment electric motor 80 having four permanent magnets (two pole pairs), 16 teeth (slots), and 16 segments disclosed in Patent Document 1. . The permanent magnet 81 has N poles and S poles arranged alternately. The slot 83 is a space between the teeth 82 adjacent to each other. As shown in the figure, each tooth 82 and each segment 84 are numbered from 1 to 16.

  The winding 87 and the winding 88 arranged in a point-symmetrical position with respect to the winding 87 are wound around the teeth 82 by a so-called double flyer substantially simultaneously. The winding 87 is divided into two coil windings 93A and 93B and wound around teeth 82 having different numbers. That is, the winding 87 connected to the second segment 84e passes through the slot 83e between the 16th tooth 82 and the first tooth 82, and passes through the slot 83f between the third tooth 82 and the fourth tooth 82. The coil winding 93 </ b> A is formed by winding n times (n is a natural number) around the first, second, and third teeth 82 in the forward direction.

  Next, the winding 87 passes through the slot 83g between the 7th tooth 82 and the 8th tooth 82, and passes through the slot 83b between the 4th and 5th teeth 82, 5th, 6th and 7th. No. teeth 82 are wound n times in the opposite direction and connected to the No. 3 segment 84a to form a coil winding 93B. The slot 83g exists at a position where the mechanical angle is shifted by 90 ° in the circumferential direction from the slot 83f, and the slot 83b exists at a position where the mechanical angle is shifted by 90 ° in the circumferential direction from the slot 83e.

  On the other hand, the winding 88 is divided into two coil windings 93 </ b> C and 93 </ b> D and wound around the teeth 82 having different numbers. That is, the winding 88 connected to the 10th segment 84b passes through the slot 83h between the 8th tooth 82 and the 9th tooth 82 and passes through the slot 83i between the 11th tooth 82 and the 12th tooth 82. As described above, the coil winding 93 </ b> C is formed by winding n times (n is a natural number) around the ninth, tenth and eleventh teeth 82 in the forward direction.

  Next, the winding 88 passes through the slot 83j between the 15th tooth 82 and the 16th tooth 82, and passes through the slot 83d between the 12th and 13th teeth 82, and the 13th, 14th and 15th. No. teeth 82 are wound n times in the opposite direction and connected to the No. 11 segment 84c to form a coil winding 93D. The slot 83j exists at a position where the mechanical angle is shifted by 90 ° in the circumferential direction from the slot 83i, and the slot 83d exists at a position where the mechanical angle is shifted by 90 ° in the circumferential direction from the slot 83h.

  In the electric motor 80, the winding 87 and the winding 88 wound in this way are wound eight times while sequentially shifting the segments 84 that start winding in the circumferential direction one by one. The armature coil is formed by 88.

  The second segment 84e and the tenth segment 84b, and the third segment 84a and the eleventh segment 84c are short-circuited by the connection line 90. Further, the brush 91 that is in sliding contact with the segment 84 has three brushes: a low speed brush 92a and a high speed brush 92b that are selectively connected to the positive electrode terminal of the power source, and a common brush 92c that is connected to the negative electrode terminal of the power source. Consists of brushes. The low speed brush 92a and the common brush 92c are arranged with an electrical angle of 180 ° from each other.

  The high speed brush 92b is disposed in a state of being separated from the low speed brush 92a by a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction. When a current is supplied from the power source between the low speed brush 92a and the common brush 92c, the electric motor 80 is driven to rotate at a low speed, and a current is supplied from the power source between the high speed brush 92b and the common brush 92c. Then, the electric motor 80 is rotationally driven at a high speed. Since the second segment 84e and the tenth segment 84b, and the third segment 84a and the eleventh segment 84c are short-circuited by the connecting wire 90 and have the same potential, With the three brushes 92a, 92b, and 92c, the electric motor 80 can be driven to rotate at low speed and rotate at high speed.

  Here, the winding 87 and the winding 88 of the electric motor 80 employ a configuration in which the coil winding is divided into two, for the following reason. When the winding 87 and the winding 88 are divided, the number of turns of the coil winding can be distributed to two (the number of turns is n and n). However, when the winding 87 is not divided, the number of turns of the coil 87A is 2n and the number of turns of the coil 88C is 2n.

  In this case, for example, the number of connecting wires 94A extending from the slot 83e to the slot 83f of the coil winding 93A and the connecting wires 94C extending from the slot 83h to the slot 83i of the coil winding 93C increases. For this reason, in the armature coil formed by multiple windings, when the coil windings 93A and 93C are wound so as to overlap the coil windings 93A and 93C that have already been wound, so-called winding thickening occurs. As a result, the axial dimension of the armature increases, and the space factor of the winding decreases.

  Therefore, in order to reduce the axial dimension of the armature and improve the space factor of the winding, a configuration of the coil winding divided into two is adopted. Further, as described above, in a multipolar electric motor having four or more poles, the rotational speed of the armature can be varied with three brushes, the axial dimension of the armature can be reduced, and the winding space factor can be reduced. In order to improve the above, it is useful to have a structure in which the connecting wire is arranged on the armature and a divided coil winding structure.

JP 2007-202391 A

  However, when the number of teeth (N = 16) is an even multiple of the number of pole pairs (P = 4/2 = 2) (N = 8 × P) as in the above-described 4-pole 16-slot 16-segment electric motor However, the torque ripple tends to increase. Hereinafter, this will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating torque ripple generated in the armature when the armature is disposed at a certain position. When the armature is disposed at the position shown in the figure, between the third tooth 82 and the magnet 81b, between the seventh tooth 82 and the magnet 81c, between the eleventh tooth 82 and the magnet 81d, and the fifteenth tooth. Magnetic flux lines (η1 to η4) tilted in the thrust direction (circumferential direction) are generated between the magnet 82 and the magnet 81a.

  Thus, when a magnetic flux line is generated between the tooth 82 and the magnet 81, the attractive force acting to minimize the length of the magnetic flux line is caused by the natural law to minimize the magnetic energy. Occurs during. Here, since the magnetic flux lines (η1 to η4) are inclined in the thrust direction (circumferential direction), the attractive force generated between the tooth 82 and the magnet 81 includes the attractive force in the thrust direction (circumferential direction). It is. Due to the suction force in the thrust direction, torque in the thrust direction (T1 to T4) is generated in the third tooth 82, the seventh tooth 82, the eleventh tooth 82, and the fifteenth tooth 82, respectively. The sum of the torque in the thrust direction (T1 to T4) becomes a factor of torque ripple.

  Here, when the number of teeth (N = 16) is an even multiple (N = 8 × P) of the number of pole pairs (P = 4/2 = 2) as in the conventional example, the torque in the thrust direction (T1 To T4) occur simultaneously in the same direction (counterclockwise in the figure). Therefore, the torque ripple that is the sum of the torques in the thrust direction (T1 to T4) becomes large. This torque ripple causes vibration and operating noise generated in the electric motor when the armature of the electric motor rotates.

  Further, as in the conventional example, in an armature having a connection line, there is a type in which the connection line is previously routed in a commutator and then a winding is connected to the commutator. In this case, the work of attaching the conducting wire is performed twice or more, the workability is poor, and the cost is increased.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to reduce vibration and operating noise, to easily attach a connection line and a winding, and to make it possible to vary the rotation speed of the armature by switching the energization of three brushes. An electric motor is provided.

  In order to solve the above problems, an electric motor of the present invention includes a housing that is a magnetic yoke, a plurality of pairs of magnets fixed on the inner wall of the housing, a rotating shaft, a plurality of fixed shafts on the rotating shaft, An armature core having teeth formed radially, a commutator fixed on the rotating shaft and having a plurality of segments, and a plurality of coils wound around the teeth of the armature core and connected to the segments of the commutator An armature coil having windings and a plurality of connecting wires connecting a pair (two) of the commutators are disposed between the plurality of pairs of magnets and rotatably supported by the housing. An electric motor comprising an armature and a plurality of brushes capable of sliding contact with a segment of the commutator of the armature Thus, the number of pairs of magnet poles is two, the number of teeth is 18, the number of segments of the commutator is 18, and the armature has a first conductor and a second conductor. The plurality of windings are arranged to face each of the first to ninth windings made of the first conducting wire and the first to ninth windings, respectively, The first to ninth windings each have nine connecting lines formed from the first conducting wire. And the other first to ninth windings are connected to each other via the connection lines of the other nine connection lines formed from the second conductive wires. The first to ninth windings and the other first to ninth windings are connected in series. First to fourth coil windings connected to each other, an end of the first coil winding connected to one segment of the commutator, and an end of the fourth coil winding The first coil winding surrounds four teeth adjacent to each other, and is connected to a segment adjacent to a segment arranged at a point-symmetrical position with respect to the segment to which the end of one coil winding is connected. The second coil winding is disposed adjacent to the four teeth around which the first coil winding is wound, and is wound around the other four teeth adjacent to each other. The third coil winding is arranged at a position adjacent to the four teeth around which the second coil winding is wound with one tooth interposed therebetween, and surrounds the other four teeth adjacent to each other. And the fourth coil winding Is arranged adjacent to the four teeth around which the third coil winding is wound, wound around the other four adjacent teeth, and the winding direction of the second coil winding. Is opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding, and the connection lines of the ninth connection line and the connection lines of the other nine connection lines are arranged to face each other. The brush includes a first brush and a second brush selectively connected to the first power supply terminal, and a third brush connected to the second power supply terminal. The first brush is disposed at a position where the electrical angle is approximately 180 degrees away from the third brush, and the second brush is approximately 180 degrees in electrical angle with respect to the third brush. It is arranged at a position away from the distant position by a predetermined angle.

  An electric motor according to the present invention includes a housing as a magnetic yoke, a plurality of pairs of magnets fixed on the inner wall of the housing, a rotating shaft, and a plurality of radially formed teeth fixed on the rotating shaft. An armature core, a commutator fixed on the rotating shaft and having a plurality of segments, an armature coil having a plurality of windings wound around the teeth of the armature core and connected to the segments of the commutator; A plurality of connecting lines connecting a pair of (two) segments of the commutator, an armature disposed between the plurality of pairs of magnets and rotatably supported by the housing, and the commutator of the armature An electric motor comprising a plurality of brushes slidable in contact with a segment of the magnet, the logarithm of the poles of the magnet There are two pairs, the number of teeth is 18, the number of segments of the commutator is 18, the armature has a first conductor and a second conductor, and the plurality of windings are Another first winding consisting of a second winding arranged opposite to each of the first to ninth windings made of one conducting wire and the first to ninth windings. The first to ninth windings are connected in series through each of the nine connecting wires formed from the first conducting wire. The other first to ninth windings are connected in series with each other through connection lines of other nine connection lines formed from the second conducting wire, and the first winding Each of the windings from the line to the ninth winding and the other first winding to the ninth winding is connected in series to the first to fourth windings. And the end of the first coil winding is connected to one segment of the commutator, and the end of the fourth coil winding is connected to the end of the first coil winding. The first coil winding is wound around four adjacent teeth and the second coil winding is connected to a segment adjacent to a segment arranged at a point-symmetrical position with respect to the segment formed. The wire is arranged at a position adjacent to the four teeth around which the first coil winding is wound with one tooth interposed therebetween, and is wound around the other four teeth adjacent to each other. The coil winding is arranged at a position adjacent to the four teeth around which the second coil winding is wound, and is wound around the other four teeth adjacent to each other. The wire is the third coil winding Four wound teeth are arranged at positions adjacent to each other with one tooth interposed therebetween, wound around the other four adjacent teeth, and the winding direction of the second coil winding is The winding direction of one coil winding is opposite to each other, and each connection line of the ninth connection line and each connection line of the other nine connection lines are a pair of segments arranged to face each other. The brush includes first and second brushes that are selectively connected to a first power supply terminal, and a third brush that is connected to a second power supply terminal. The second brush is disposed at a position where the electrical angle is approximately 180 degrees away from the third brush, and the second brush is disposed from a position where the electrical angle is approximately 180 degrees away from the third brush. It is arranged at a position separated by a predetermined angle.

  An electric motor according to the present invention includes a housing as a magnetic yoke, a plurality of pairs of magnets fixed on the inner wall of the housing, a rotating shaft, and a plurality of radially formed teeth fixed on the rotating shaft. An armature core, a commutator fixed on the rotating shaft and having a plurality of segments, an armature coil having a plurality of windings wound around the teeth of the armature core and connected to the segments of the commutator; A plurality of connecting lines for connecting a pair of segments of the commutator, an armature that is surrounded by the plurality of pairs of magnets and rotatably supported by the housing, and slides on the segment of the commutator of the armature. An electric motor comprising a plurality of contactable brushes, wherein the magnet has two pairs of poles The number of teeth is 18, the number of segments of the commutator is 18, the armature has a first conductor and a second conductor, and the plurality of windings are the first winding. Another first winding consisting of the second winding disposed opposite to each of the first to ninth windings made of conducting wire and the first to ninth windings To 9th windings, and the first to 9th windings are connected in series via connection lines of 9 connection lines formed from the first conducting wire, The other first to ninth windings are connected in series with each other through each of the other nine connecting wires formed from the second conducting wire, and the first winding To the ninth winding and each of the other first to ninth windings are connected in series. The end of the first coil winding is connected to one segment of the commutator in a state of being wound around the rotating shaft, and the end of the fourth coil winding. Is connected to a segment adjacent to a segment to which an end of the first coil winding is connected in a state of being wound around the rotating shaft, and the first coil winding includes four teeth adjacent to each other. The second coil winding is disposed adjacent to the four teeth wound with the first coil winding, and surrounds the other four teeth adjacent to each other. The third coil winding is wound around one tooth on the side opposite to the side where the first coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth wound with the second coil winding. Are located adjacent to each other and are adjacent to each other The fourth coil winding is wound on the side where the second coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth wound with the third coil winding. Is arranged at a position adjacent to the opposite side and is wound around the other four adjacent teeth, and the winding direction of the second coil winding is opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding. The nine connecting wires and the other nine connecting wires are connected to a pair of segments opposed to each other in the radial direction, and the brush is selectively connected to the first power supply terminal. First and second brushes connected, and a third brush connected to a second power supply terminal, the first brush has an electrical angle of about 180 degrees with respect to the third brush. The second brush is disposed away from the third brush. Wherein the air angle is located approximately 180 degrees away to a predetermined angular position spaced.

  An electric motor according to the present invention includes a housing as a magnetic yoke, a plurality of pairs of magnets fixed on the inner wall of the housing, a rotating shaft, and a plurality of radially formed teeth fixed on the rotating shaft. An armature core, a commutator fixed on the rotating shaft and having a plurality of segments, an armature coil having a plurality of windings wound around the teeth of the armature core and connected to the segments of the commutator; A plurality of connecting lines for connecting a pair of segments of the commutator, an armature that is surrounded by the plurality of pairs of magnets and rotatably supported by the housing, and slides on the segment of the commutator of the armature. An electric motor comprising a plurality of contactable brushes, wherein the magnet has two pairs of poles The number of teeth is 18, the number of segments of the commutator is 18, the armature has a first conductor and a second conductor, and the plurality of windings are the first winding. Another first winding consisting of the second winding disposed opposite to each of the first to ninth windings made of conducting wire and the first to ninth windings To 9th windings, and the first to 9th windings are connected in series via connection lines of 9 connection lines formed from the first conducting wire, The other first to ninth windings are connected in series with each other through each of the other nine connecting wires formed from the second conducting wire, and the first winding To the ninth winding and each of the other first to ninth windings are connected in series. The end of the first coil winding is connected to one segment of the commutator in a state of being wound around the rotating shaft, and the end of the fourth coil winding. Is connected to a segment adjacent to a segment to which an end of the first coil winding is connected in a state of being wound around the rotating shaft, and the first coil winding includes four teeth adjacent to each other. The second coil winding surrounds the other four teeth adjacent to each other after the five teeth are skipped with respect to the four teeth wound with the first coil winding. The third coil winding is adjacent to the side opposite to the side where the first coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth around which the second coil winding is wound. The other four teeth that are placed in position and adjacent to each other The fourth coil winding is between the first coil winding and the second coil winding, and the four coil windings are wound around the first coil winding. It is arranged at a position adjacent to the teeth, wound around the other four adjacent teeth, and the winding directions of the first coil winding and the second coil winding are the same as each other, The winding directions of the third coil winding and the fourth coil winding are the same, and the winding direction of the first coil winding and the winding direction of the third coil winding are mutually In other words, the nine connection lines and the other nine connection lines are connected to a pair of segments opposed to each other in the radial direction, and the brush is selectively connected to the first power supply terminal. First and second brushes connected to the second power supply A third brush connected to the child, wherein the first brush is disposed at an electrical angle of about 180 degrees with respect to the third brush, and the second brush is the third brush An electric motor, wherein the electric angle is arranged at a position away from a position at an electrical angle of about 180 degrees with respect to the brush.

  An electric motor according to the present invention includes a housing as a magnetic yoke, a plurality of pairs of magnets fixed on the inner wall of the housing, a rotating shaft, and a plurality of radially formed teeth fixed on the rotating shaft. An armature core, a commutator fixed on the rotating shaft and having a plurality of segments, an armature coil having a plurality of windings wound around the teeth of the armature core and connected to the segments of the commutator; A plurality of connecting lines for connecting a pair of segments of the commutator, an armature that is surrounded by the plurality of pairs of magnets and rotatably supported by the housing, and slides on the segment of the commutator of the armature. An electric motor comprising a plurality of contactable brushes, wherein the magnet has two pairs of poles The number of teeth is 18, the number of segments of the commutator is 18, the armature has a first conductor and a second conductor, and the plurality of windings are the first winding. Another first winding consisting of the second winding disposed opposite to each of the first to ninth windings made of conducting wire and the first to ninth windings To 9th windings, and the first to 9th windings are connected in series via connection lines of 9 connection lines formed from the first conducting wire, The other first to ninth windings are connected in series with each other through each of the other nine connecting wires formed from the second conducting wire, and the first winding To the ninth winding and each of the other first to ninth windings are connected in series. The end of the first coil winding is connected to one segment of the commutator in a state of being wound around the rotating shaft, and the end of the fourth coil winding. Is connected to a segment adjacent to a segment to which an end of the first coil winding is connected in a state of being wound around the rotating shaft, and the first coil winding includes four teeth adjacent to each other. The second coil winding is arranged at a position adjacent to one another with respect to the four teeth around which the first coil winding is wound, and is adjacent to each other. The third coil winding is wound around four teeth, and the third coil winding is different from the side where the first coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth wound with the second coil winding. Other adjacent to each other on the opposite side The fourth coil winding is wound on the side where the second coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth wound with the third coil winding. Are arranged at positions adjacent to each other across one tooth on the opposite side, are wound around the other four adjacent teeth, and the winding direction of the second coil winding is the first coil winding The nine connecting wires and the other nine connecting wires are connected to a pair of segments arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction, and the brush is connected to the first electric power. A first brush and a second brush selectively connected to a supply terminal; and a third brush connected to a second power supply terminal, wherein the first brush is relative to the third brush. The electrical angle is arranged at a position about 180 degrees apart, and the second brush To third brushes, characterized in that the electrical angle is located approximately 180 degrees away to a predetermined angular position spaced.

  An electric motor according to the present invention includes a housing as a magnetic yoke, a plurality of pairs of magnets fixed on the inner wall of the housing, a rotating shaft, and a plurality of radially formed teeth fixed on the rotating shaft. An armature core, a commutator fixed on the rotating shaft and having a plurality of segments, an armature coil having a plurality of windings wound around the teeth of the armature core and connected to the segments of the commutator; A plurality of connecting lines for connecting a pair of segments of the commutator, an armature that is surrounded by the plurality of pairs of magnets and rotatably supported by the housing, and slides on the segment of the commutator of the armature. An electric motor comprising a plurality of contactable brushes, wherein the magnet has two pairs of poles The number of teeth is 18, the number of segments of the commutator is 18, the armature has a first conductor and a second conductor, and the plurality of windings are the first winding. Another first winding consisting of the second winding disposed opposite to each of the first to ninth windings made of conducting wire and the first to ninth windings To 9th windings, and the first to 9th windings are connected in series via connection lines of 9 connection lines formed from the first conducting wire, The other first to ninth windings are connected in series with each other through each of the other nine connecting wires formed from the second conducting wire, and the first winding To the ninth winding and each of the other first to ninth windings are connected in series. The end of the first coil winding is connected to one segment of the commutator in a state of being wound around the rotating shaft, and the end of the fourth coil winding. Is connected to a segment adjacent to a segment to which an end of the first coil winding is connected in a state of being wound around the rotating shaft, and the first coil winding includes four teeth adjacent to each other. The second coil winding surrounds the other four teeth adjacent to each other after the five teeth are skipped with respect to the four teeth wound with the first coil winding. The third coil winding is one of the teeth on the side opposite to the side where the first coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth around which the second coil winding is wound. Arranged adjacent to each other across the teeth, adjacent to each other And the fourth coil winding is between the first coil winding and the second coil winding, and the second coil winding is wound around the other four teeth. Winding directions of the first coil winding and the second coil winding are arranged at positions adjacent to the four teeth wound with the wire, wound around the other four adjacent teeth. Are the same, the winding directions of the third coil winding and the fourth coil winding are the same, and the winding direction of the first coil winding and the third coil winding are the same. The nine connecting wires and the other nine connecting wires are connected to a pair of segments arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction, and the brush has a first winding direction opposite to the winding direction of the wires. The first and second blocks selectively connected to the power supply terminals of And a third brush connected to a second power supply terminal, wherein the first brush is disposed at a position where an electrical angle is about 180 degrees away from the third brush, The second brush is characterized in that it is arranged at a position away from the position where the electrical angle is about 180 degrees away from the third brush by a predetermined angle.

  As described above, in the electric motor that can change the rotation speed of the armature by switching the energization of the three brushes, the number of pairs of magnet poles is 2, and the number of teeth of the armature core is an odd multiple of the number of pole pairs. By setting the value to 18, torque ripple can be reduced, and operating noise generated from the electric motor can be reduced. Further, by forming the windings and the connection lines in series using the first and second conductive wires, the workability of attaching the connection lines and the windings is improved.

It is a longitudinal view which shows the structure of the electric motor in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the armature in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a layout drawing of the brush in the 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a transverse cross section of an electric motor explaining torque ripple of an electric motor in a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is an expanded view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in a prior art example. It is a transverse cross section of an electric motor explaining torque ripple of an electric motor in a conventional example. It is an expanded view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 7th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 7th Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 8th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 8th Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 9th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 9th Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 10th Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the armature which shows the winding state of the armature coil in the 10th Embodiment of this invention.

  Next, the electric motor 1 in which the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 is used as a driving device such as a wiper motor, a power window motor, and a fan motor of an automobile. The bottomed cylindrical yoke 2, the magnet 4 fixed on the inner wall of the yoke 2, and the armature 3 disposed in the yoke 2 surrounded by the magnet 4 and rotatably supported by the yoke 2. have. The magnet 4 is magnetized to four poles, the electric motor 1 is a four-pole electric motor, and the number of pole pairs is two.

  The armature 3 includes an armature core 6 fixed on the rotary shaft 5, an armature coil 7 wound around the armature core 6, and a commutator (commutator) 13 fixed on the rotary shaft 5. . The armature core 6 is formed by laminating a plurality of metal plates in the axial direction. Eighteen teeth 9 (see FIG. 2) formed in a T-shape are radially formed on the outer peripheral portion of the metal plate at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. A plurality of metal plates are externally fitted to the rotary shaft 5, whereby a groove-like slot 11 is formed between adjacent teeth 9 on the outer periphery of the armature core 6.

  The slots 11 extend along the axial direction of the rotary shaft 5, and 18 slots 11 are formed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. Here, the number of teeth 9 or slots 11 is 18, the number of pole pairs is 2, and the number of slots 11 is nine times the number of pole pairs (18 = 9 × 2), which is an odd multiple. A plurality of enamel-coated windings 12 are wound between the slots 11, thereby forming an armature coil 7 on the outer periphery of the armature core 6.

  The commutator 13 is fixed on one end of the rotating shaft 5. On the outer peripheral surface of the commutator 13, 18 segments 14 made of a conductive material are attached. The segment 14 is made of a plate-like metal piece that is long in the axial direction, and is fixed on the insulating resin in parallel at equal intervals along the circumferential direction while being insulated from each other. A riser 15 bent in a folded shape is integrally formed at the end of each segment 14 on the armature core 6 side. The riser 15 is connected to the winding 12 serving as the winding start end 30 and the winding end 31 of the winding 12 of the armature coil 7. Thereby, the segment 14 and the coil | winding 12 of the armature coil 7 corresponding to this are electrically connected.

  The risers 15 respectively corresponding to the segments 14 (every eight segments 14 in the present embodiment) opposed to each other at a point-symmetrical position with respect to the rotation axis 5 are connected by connecting lines 25. The connection line 25 is for short-circuiting the plurality of segments 14 having the same potential, and is disposed between the commutator 13 and the armature core 6.

  An end portion 5a of the rotating shaft 5 is rotatably supported by a bearing 16 disposed in a boss 2a formed to protrude from the yoke 2. A cover 17 is provided at the open end of the yoke 2, and a holder stay 18 is attached to the inside of the cover 17. Brush holders 19 are formed on the holder stay 18 at three locations in the circumferential direction. The brush holder 19 is provided with a brush 21 that can be moved in and out in a state where the brush 21 is urged through a coil-shaped spring S. Since these brushes 21 are urged by a coil-shaped spring S, the tip end portions of the brushes 21 are in sliding contact with the commutator 13, and current is supplied to the commutator 13 from the external power source (not shown) via the brushes 21. Is done. The spring S is not limited to a coil shape, and may be a plate-shaped so-called plate spring.

  Next, the winding structure of the armature coil 7 provided in the electric motor 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 is a developed view of the armature, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the armature. A gap between adjacent teeth 9, 9 corresponds to the slot 11. 3 and 4, numbers are assigned to the segments 14 and the teeth 9 of the commutator 13, respectively.

  The armature coil 7 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a first conducting wire 110 and a second conducting wire 120. In FIG. 3, the first conductive wire 110 is indicated by a solid line, and the second conductive wire 120 is indicated by a broken line.

  The armature coil 7 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and other first to ninth windings (from 71 to 71) formed by the second conducting wire 120. 79). The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other corresponding first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are opposed to each other with point symmetry about the rotation axis 5. It is arranged at the position.

  That is, the first winding pair (61, 71), the second winding pair (62, 72), and the third winding pair formed by the first conducting wire 110 and the second conducting wire 120. (63, 73), fourth winding pair (64, 74), fifth winding pair (65, 75), sixth winding pair (66, 76), seventh winding. Pair (67, 77), eighth winding pair (68, 78), and ninth winding pair (69, 79) are opposed to each other in a point-symmetrical manner around the rotation axis 5. Is arranged.

  The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are connected in series through nine connection lines 25, 25,. That is, the first winding 61, the connecting wire 25, the second winding 62, the connecting wire 25, the third winding 63, the connecting wire 25, the fourth winding 64, the connecting wire 25, and the fifth winding. Line 65, connection line 25, sixth winding 66, connection line 25, seventh winding 67, connection line 25, eighth winding 68, connection line 25, ninth winding 69, connection line 25 In this order, the first conductive wire 110 is formed in series. In addition, the connection lines 25 connecting the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are connected to each other at a pair of opposing positions that are point-symmetric with respect to the rotation axis 5. The risers 15 and 15 formed in the segments 14 and 14 are electrically and mechanically connected.

  On the other hand, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are connected in series via nine connection lines 25, 25,. Yes. That is, the first winding 71, the connecting wire 25, the second winding 72, the connecting wire 25, the third winding 73, the connecting wire 25, the fourth winding 74, the connecting wire 25, the fifth winding. Line 75, connection line 25, sixth winding 76, connection line 25, seventh winding 77, connection line 25, eighth winding 78, connection line 25, ninth winding 79, connection line 25 In this order, the second conductive wire 110 is formed in series. Further, the connection lines 25 connecting the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are arranged at opposing positions that are point-symmetric with respect to the rotation axis 5, respectively. The risers 15 and 15 formed in the pair of segments 14 and 14 are electrically and mechanically connected.

  The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are respectively connected in series with the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding. Line 7B. The first coil winding 7A is wound 12 times around the four adjacent teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 and the second coil winding 7B is wound by the first coil winding 7A. The four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 are arranged adjacent to each other in the right direction D 1, and are wound 12 times around the other four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 adjacent to each other. . Here, the winding direction of the second coil winding 7B is opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A.

  The end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected to one segment 14 of the commutator 13, and the end 31 of the second coil winding 7B is connected to the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A. Connected to the segment 14 adjacent to the segment 14. Here, as described above, the second coil winding 7B is arranged in the right direction D1 with respect to the first coil winding 7A, while the end 31 is connected to the segment 14 to which the end 30 is connected. On the other hand, it is connected to the segment 14 arranged in the left direction D2.

  In the present embodiment, the first conducting wire 110 and the second conducting wire 120 are formed on the armature core 6 by a so-called double flyer-type winding machine, and teeth 9, 9 facing each other symmetrically about the rotation shaft 5. It is wound almost at the same time. The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series are formed by the first conducting wire 110, and the other first to ninth windings (71 are connected by the second conducting wire 120. 79) and a connecting line 25 connecting them in series.

  Hereinafter, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series will be described from the first winding 61. FIG. The first winding 61 formed by the first winding 110 has a first coil winding 7A and a second coil winding 7B, and the first coil winding 7A is also a first coil winding 7A. The second coil winding 7B is connected in series to a connection line 25b also formed from the first conductor 110.

  The end 40 which is the starting point of the connecting wire 25a formed from the first conducting wire 110 is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the third segment 14, and the connecting wire 25a is connected in the left direction D2. The end portion 41 that is routed and is the end point of the connection line 25 a is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the twelfth segment 14. Here, the No. 3 segment 14 and the No. 12 segment 14 are disposed at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed with respect to the rotation axis 5. The end portion 41 of the connecting wire 25a and the end portion 30 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the first conducting wire 110 is After being connected to the twelfth segment 14 at the section 30, it is wound around the teeth 9.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through a slit 11a formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9 and a slit 11b formed between the 4th tooth 9 and the 5th tooth 9 and is close to each other. Wrapping around the 1st teeth 9 to 4th teeth 9 and winding 12 times clockwise.

  The arrangement of the second coil winding 7B, which is formed of the first conducting wire 110 in the same manner as the first coil winding 7A and connected in series to the first coil winding 7A, will be described below. The second coil winding 7B passes through a slit 11c formed between the 8th tooth 9 and the 9th tooth 9 and a slit 11b formed between the 4th tooth 9 and the 5th tooth 9, and the 1st coil winding 7B. The tooth 9 is wound 12 times counterclockwise opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A, surrounding the fifth tooth 9 to the eighth tooth 9 adjacent to the fourth tooth 9 and adjacent to each other. The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (S pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the first coil winding 7A. The coil 7 is wound in the opposite direction to the winding A.

  The end 31 of the second coil winding 7B is adjacent to the 12th segment 14 to which the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected in the left direction D2 opposite to the right direction D1. Connected to a riser 15 formed in the segment 14. By connecting in this way, the second coil winding 7B in the vicinity of the end portion 31 can suppress the first coil winding 7A in the vicinity of the end portion 30 from the outside, and the first winding in the vicinity thereof. The winding of the wire 61 can be prevented.

  The first winding 61 and the second winding 62 wound around the stator core 6 following the first winding 61 are connected in series by a connection line 25 b formed by the first conducting wire 110. The end portion 42 which is the starting point of the connection line 25b and the end portion 31 of the second coil winding 7B included in the first winding 61 are connected in series, and the end portion 42 is the riser of the 11th segment 14. 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25 b is routed in the left direction D <b> 2, and the end portion 43 that is the end point of the connection line 25 b is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the second segment 14. Here, the eleventh segment 14 and the second segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5.

  The end portion 43 of the connection line 25b and the end portion 32 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 that is wound around the first winding 61 are connected in series. . The first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 is formed between the slit 11c formed between the 8th tooth 9 and the 9th tooth 9 and between the 12th tooth 9 and the 13th tooth 9. It passes through the slit 11g and is wound 12 times clockwise around the 9th teeth 9th to 12th teeth. Thereafter, the same steps as described above are repeated, and the armature core 6 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and nine connection lines 25.

  In this way, the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are divided into the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding 7B, and are wound around the armature core 6. ing. Therefore, compared with the case of winding without dividing, the number of crossover wires 7C extending from one slot 11 to another slot 11 is small, and the thickness thereof is small. The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the connection line 25 connecting them in series are formed by routing a single first conducting wire 110 to the armature core 6 and the commutator 13. . For this reason, the time required for the winding work is shortened compared to the case where the connecting wire is routed to the commutator 13 in advance and then the winding is routed, and the connecting wire and the winding are mounted on the armature core and the commutator. Is simplified.

  As described above, each of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and the other first to ninth windings formed by the second conducting wire 120 corresponding thereto. Each of the windings (71 to 79) is wound at substantially the same time on the teeth 9 facing point-symmetrically around the rotation shaft 5 of the armature core 6 by a so-called double flyer type winding machine.

  Accordingly, the respective windings 12 of the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) corresponding to the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are mutually rotated. They are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed with respect to 5. That is, the other first winding 71 is disposed at a position facing the first winding 61, and the other second winding 72 is disposed at a position facing the second winding 62. The other third winding 73 is disposed at a position facing the third winding 63, and the other fourth winding 74 is disposed at a position facing the fourth winding 64. Furthermore, the other fifth winding 75 is disposed at a position facing the fifth winding 65, and the other sixth winding 76 is disposed at a position facing the sixth winding 66, The other seventh winding 77 is disposed at a position facing the seventh winding 67, and the other eighth winding 78 is disposed at a position facing the eighth winding 68. The ninth winding 79 is disposed at a position facing the ninth winding 69.

  Hereinafter, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) formed by the second conducting wire 120 and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series will be described from the other first windings 71.

  The other first winding 71 formed by the second conducting wire 120 includes a first coil winding 7A and a second coil winding 7B connected in series to the first coil winding 7A. The first coil winding 7 </ b> A is connected in series with a connection line 21 c formed from the second conductive wire 120, while the second coil winding 7 </ b> B is also connected to the second conductive wire 120. Are connected in series to a connecting line 25d.

  The end 45, which is the starting point of the connecting line 25c formed from the second conducting wire 120, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the twelfth segment 14, and the connecting line 25c is routed in the left direction D2. The end portion 46 which is the end point of the connection line 25c is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the third segment 12. Here, the twelfth segment 14 and the third segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5. The end portion 46 of the connection line 25c and the end portion 34 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the second conducting wire 120 is the end portion. It is wound on teeth 9 from 34.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through a slit 11d formed between the 9th tooth 9 and the 10th tooth 9 and a slit 11e formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9 and is close to each other. The 10th tooth 9 to the 13th tooth 9 are wound 12 times clockwise.

  The arrangement of the second coil winding 7B, which is formed of the second conductive wire 120 as well as the first coil winding 7A and is connected in series to the first coil winding 7A, will be described below. The second coil winding 7B passes through a slit 11f formed between the 17th tooth 9 and the 18th tooth 9 and a slit 11e formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9, and the 10th. The teeth 9 to 13 are adjacent to each other in the right direction D1 and surround the 14th teeth 9 to 17 teeth 9 adjacent to each other, and are opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A. Wound 12 times clockwise. The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (S pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the first coil winding 7A. The coil 7 is wound in the opposite direction to the winding A.

The end 35 of the second coil winding 7B is connected to the end 34 of the first coil winding 7A 3.
The second segment 14 is connected to the riser 15 formed in the second segment 14 adjacent to the second segment 14 in the left direction D2 opposite to the right direction D1. By connecting in this way, the second coil winding 7B in the vicinity of the end portion 35 can suppress the first coil winding 7A in the vicinity of the end portion 34 from the outside. The winding of the winding 71 can be prevented.

  The other first winding 71 and the other second winding 72 are connected in series by a connection line 25d similarly formed by the second winding 120. The end portion 47 which is the starting point of the connection line 25d and the end portion 35 of the second coil winding 7B provided in the other first winding 71 are connected in series, and the end portion 47 is connected to the second segment 14. The riser 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25d is routed in the left direction D2, and the end 48 that is the end point of the connection line 25d is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the 11th segment 14. Here, the second segment 14 and the eleventh segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5.

  The end portion 48 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the other second winding 72 that is continuously wound around the other first winding 71, and the end portion 36 of the connection line 25d are a series. It is connected. The first coil winding 7A of the other second winding 72 includes a slit 11h formed between the 17th tooth 9 and the 18th tooth 9, and the third tooth 9 and the 4th tooth 9. It passes through a slit 11i formed between them and is wound 12 times clockwise around the 18th tooth 9 to the 3rd tooth. Thereafter, the same process as described above is repeated, and the armature core 6 includes other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) and nine connection lines 25.

  In this way, the windings 12 of the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are divided into the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding 7B and wound around the armature core 6. Compared to the case of winding without dividing, the thickness of the crossover 7C from one slot 11 to the other slot 11 is smaller. Further, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) and the connection line 25 connecting them in series are formed by routing the single first winding 71 to the armature core 6 and the commutator 13. Has been. For this reason, the time required for winding work is shortened compared to the case in which the connection line is routed to the commutator 13 in advance and then the winding is routed, and the connection line and the winding to the armature core and the commutator are reduced. Installation is simple.

  Thus, the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are connected to the first coil winding 7A and the first windings 7A. It is divided into two coil windings 7B and wound around the armature core 6, and the thickness of each connecting wire 7C is reduced. Therefore, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 72) that are wound so as to overlap sequentially from the outside of the winding 12 that has already been wound. In the armature coil 7 formed by the above method, the winding thickness due to the overlapping of the crossover wires 7C is reduced.

  Thereby, size reduction of the axial direction which is a part in which the crossover 7C exists is achieved. Further, by reducing the winding thickness, the first and second conducting wires 110 and 120 can be easily inserted into the slot 11, and the ratio of the winding 12 to be closed in the space in the slot 11, that is, the space factor is improved. . For this reason, the space in the slot 11 can be reduced, and the radial dimension of the armature core 6 can be reduced. Thereby, the miniaturization of the electric motor 1 as a whole is achieved.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the first winding 61 and the other first winding 71 that are arranged in a point-symmetrical manner with respect to the rotation axis 5 are connected to each other by the connection line 25 a and the connection line 25 c. Connected by. Therefore, the first winding 61 and the other first winding 71 are connected in parallel by the connection line 25a and the connection line 25c. As described above, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are opposed to each other in a point-symmetrical manner around the rotation axis 5. The arranged windings 12 and 12 are connected in parallel by two connecting lines 12 and 12, respectively. For this reason, even if it is the 4-pole electric motor 1 like this embodiment, the armature 3 can be rotated by the electric power feeding from two places arrange | positioned at the angle of an electrical angle of 180 degree | times fundamentally. .

  As shown in FIG. 4, the brush 21 includes a low-speed brush 21a and a high-speed brush 21b that are selectively connected to the anode (first power supply terminal) of the power source, and the low-speed brush 21a or the high-speed brush 21b. The common brush 21c is used in common with the brush 21b, and is connected to the cathode (second power supply terminal) of the power source. The low speed brush 21a and the common brush 21c are disposed with an electrical angle of 180 ° and a mechanical angle of 90 ° in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, the high speed brush 21b is spaced apart from the low speed brush 21a by an angle α in the circumferential direction. In this embodiment, the common brush 21c is connected to the cathode (second power supply terminal) of the power source, and the low speed brush 21a and the high speed brush 21b are connected to the anode (first power supply terminal). May be connected in reverse.

  Here, the segments 14 having the same potential in the commutator 13, that is, the segments 14 arranged opposite to each other symmetrically with respect to the rotation shaft 5 are short-circuited by the connection line 25, so that the brush 21 is slid. The segments that are not in contact with each other are also fed through the connection line 25. Therefore, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 3, the brushes 21a ′, 21b ′, and 21c ′ are also present at positions facing each other around the rotation axis 5 of the brushes 21a, 21b, and 21c. A current is supplied to the segment 14 having the same potential.

  According to this, the high speed brush 21b 'exists at a position advanced by an angle θ relative to the low speed brush 21a. The electric motor 1 is supplied with current by the common brush 21c and the low speed brush 21a during low rotation driving, and by the common brush 21c and the high speed brush 21b during high rotation driving. For this reason, the electric motor 1 is advanced by the high-speed brush 21b during high rotation driving, and operates at higher rotation than during low rotation driving. Here, the advance angle θ is set to 20 ° to 35 ° in the present embodiment.

  Since the commutator 13 is provided with the connection line 25 for short-circuiting the segment 14 to be at the same potential, the low-speed brush 21a and the high-speed brush arranged away from the low-speed brush 21a by an angle α in the circumferential direction. By installing three brushes 21b and a common brush 21c commonly used for the low speed brush 21a and the high speed brush 21b, it is possible to provide the electric motor 1 capable of switching the rotation speed. Become. Furthermore, since the number of brushes does not increase even if the number of pole pairs is 2, the manufacturing cost of the electric motor 1 does not increase.

  Next, torque ripple generated in the electric motor 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining torque ripple generated in the armature when the armature 3 is arranged at a certain position. When the armature 3 is disposed at the position shown in the figure, it is between the 2nd tooth 9 and the magnet 4b, between the 7th tooth 9 and the magnet 4c, between the 11th tooth 9 and the magnet 4d, and 16th. Magnetic flux lines (η1 to η4) inclined in the thrust direction (circumferential direction) are generated between the tooth 9 and the magnet 4a.

  Thus, when a magnetic flux line is generated between the tooth 9 and the magnet 4, the attractive force acting to minimize the length of the magnetic flux line is caused by the natural law to minimize the magnetic energy. Occurs during. Here, since the magnetic flux lines (η1 to η4) are inclined in the thrust direction (circumferential direction), the attractive force generated between the tooth 9 and the magnet 4 includes the attractive force in the thrust direction (circumferential direction). It is. Due to the suction force in the thrust direction, torque in the thrust direction (T1 to T4) is generated in the second teeth 9, the seventh teeth 9, the eleventh teeth 9, and the sixteenth teeth 9, respectively. The sum of this torque (T1 to T4) becomes the torque ripple.

  Here, in this embodiment. The number of teeth 9 is “18”, the number of pole pairs is “2”, and the number of teeth 9 is “9” times the number of pole pairs. Thus, when the number of teeth 9 is an odd multiple of the number of pole pairs, the torques (T1 to T4) adjacent to each other among the torques (T1 to T4) act in different rotational directions. That is, torque T1 and torque T3 act counterclockwise in the figure, and torque T2 and torque T4 act clockwise. Therefore, torque T1 and torque T3, and torque T2 and torque T4 cancel each other. Therefore, the torque ripple that is the sum of the torques (T1 to T4) is reduced, and the torque ripple becomes small.

  Torque ripple is one of the causes of noise and vibration of electric motors. Further, the magnitude of torque ripple is proportional to the magnitude of sound and vibration. Therefore, the noise and vibration of the electric motor 1 are reduced by reducing the torque ripple as in this embodiment.

  Next, based on FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the winding structure of the armature coil 7 provided in the electric motor 1 of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 is a developed view of the armature, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the armature. A gap between adjacent teeth 9, 9 corresponds to the slot 11. 7 and 8, numbers are assigned to the segments 14 and the teeth 9 of the commutator 13, respectively.

  The electric motor 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention and the electric motor 1 according to the first embodiment described above differ only in the winding structure of the armature coil 7, and the other parts are the same. Therefore, hereinafter, only the winding structure of the armature coil 7 will be described, and description of other parts will be omitted.

  The armature coil 7 of the second embodiment of the present invention includes a first conducting wire 110 and a second conducting wire 120. In FIG. 7, the first conductive wire 110 is indicated by a solid line, and the second conductive wire 120 is indicated by a broken line.

  The armature coil 7 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and other first to ninth windings (from 71 to 71) formed by the second conducting wire 120. 79). The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other corresponding first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are opposed to each other with point symmetry about the rotation axis 5. It is arranged at the position.

  That is, the first winding pair (61, 71), the second winding pair (62, 72), and the third winding pair formed by the first conducting wire 110 and the second conducting wire 120. (63, 73), fourth winding pair (64, 74), fifth winding pair (65, 75), sixth winding pair (66, 76), seventh winding. Pair (67, 77), eighth winding pair (68, 78), and ninth winding pair (69, 79) are opposed to each other in a point-symmetrical manner around the rotation axis 5. Is arranged.

  The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are connected in series through nine connection lines 25, 25,. That is, the first winding 61, the connecting wire 25, the second winding 62, the connecting wire 25, the third winding 63, the connecting wire 25, the fourth winding 64, the connecting wire 25, and the fifth winding. Line 65, connection line 25, sixth winding 66, connection line 25, seventh winding 67, connection line 25, eighth winding 68, connection line 25, ninth winding 69, connection line 25 In this order, the first conductive wire 110 is formed in series. In addition, the connection lines 25 connecting the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are connected to each other at a pair of opposing positions that are point-symmetric with respect to the rotation axis 5. The risers 15 and 15 formed in the segments 14 and 14 are electrically and mechanically connected.

  On the other hand, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are connected in series via nine connection lines 25, 25,. Yes. That is, the first winding 71, the connecting wire 25, the second winding 72, the connecting wire 25, the third winding 73, the connecting wire 25, the fourth winding 74, the connecting wire 25, the fifth winding. Line 75, connection line 25, sixth winding 76, connection line 25, seventh winding 77, connection line 25, eighth winding 78, connection line 25, ninth winding 79, connection line 25 In this order, the second conductive wire 110 is formed in series. Further, the connection lines 25 connecting the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are arranged at opposing positions that are point-symmetric with respect to the rotation axis 5, respectively. The risers 15 and 15 formed in the pair of segments 14 and 14 are electrically and mechanically connected.

  The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are respectively connected in series with the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding. Line 7B. The first coil winding 7A is wound 12 times around the four adjacent teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 and the second coil winding 7B is wound by the first coil winding 7A. The four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 are arranged at positions adjacent to each other in the right direction D 1 across one tooth 9, and surround the other four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 adjacent to each other It is wound 12 times. Here, the winding direction of the second coil winding 7B is opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A.

  The end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected to one segment 14 of the commutator 13, and the end 31 of the second coil winding 7B is connected to the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A. Connected to the segment 14 adjacent to the segment 14. Here, as described above, the second coil winding 7B is arranged in the right direction D1 with respect to the first coil winding 7A, while the end 31 is connected to the segment 14 to which the end 30 is connected. On the other hand, it is connected to the segment 14 arranged in the left direction D2.

  In the present embodiment, the first conducting wire 110 and the second conducting wire 120 are formed on the armature core 6 by a so-called double flyer-type winding machine, and teeth 9, 9 facing each other symmetrically about the rotation shaft 5. It is wound almost at the same time. The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series are formed by the first conducting wire 110, and the other first to ninth windings (71 are connected by the second conducting wire 120. 79) and a connecting line 25 connecting them in series.

  Hereinafter, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series will be described from the first winding 61. FIG. The first winding 61 formed by the first winding 110 has a first coil winding 7A and a second coil winding 7B, and the first coil winding 7A is also a first coil winding 7A. The second coil winding 7B is connected in series to a connection line 25b also formed from the first conductor 110.

  The end 40 which is the starting point of the connecting wire 25a formed from the first conducting wire 110 is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the third segment 14, and the connecting wire 25a is connected in the left direction D2. The end portion 41 that is routed and is the end point of the connection line 25 a is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the twelfth segment 14. Here, the No. 3 segment 14 and the No. 12 segment 14 are disposed at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed with respect to the rotation axis 5. The end portion 41 of the connecting wire 25a and the end portion 30 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 61 are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the first conducting wire 110 is the end portion. After being connected to 30, it is wound around the teeth 9.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through a slit 11a formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9 and a slit 11b formed between the 4th tooth 9 and the 5th tooth 9 and is close to each other. Wrapping around the 1st teeth 9 to 4th teeth 9 and winding 12 times clockwise.

  The arrangement of the second coil winding 7B, which is formed of the first conducting wire 110 in the same manner as the first coil winding 7A and connected in series to the first coil winding 7A, will be described below. The second coil winding 7B passes through a slit 11d formed between the 9th tooth 9 and the 10th tooth 9 and a slit 11b formed between the 5th tooth 9 and the 6th tooth 9, and the 1st coil winding 7B. The teeth 9 to 4 are adjacent to each other with the 5th tooth 9 in between, and the 6th teeth 9 to 9th teeth 9 that are adjacent to each other are surrounded by the opposite direction to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A. Wound 12 times clockwise. The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (S pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the first coil winding 7A. The coil 7 is wound in the opposite direction to the winding 7A.

  The end 31 of the second coil winding 7B is adjacent to the 12th segment 14 to which the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected in the left direction D2 opposite to the right direction D1. Connected to a riser 15 formed in the segment 14. By connecting in this way, the second coil winding 7B in the vicinity of the end portion 31 can suppress the first coil winding 7A in the vicinity of the end portion 30 from the outside, and the first winding in the vicinity thereof. The winding of the wire 61 can be prevented.

  The first winding 61 and the second winding 62 wound around the stator core 6 following the first winding 61 are connected in series by a connection line 25 b formed by the first conducting wire 110. The end portion 42 which is the starting point of the connection line 25b and the end portion 31 of the second coil winding 7B included in the first winding 61 are connected in series, and the end portion 42 is the riser of the 11th segment 14. 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25 b is routed in the left direction D <b> 2, and the end portion 43 that is the end point of the connection line 25 b is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the second segment 14. Here, the eleventh segment 14 and the second segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5.

  The end portion 43 of the connection line 25b and the end portion 32 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 that is wound around the first winding 61 are connected in series. . The first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 is formed between the slit 11g formed between the 8th tooth 9 and the 9th tooth 9 and between the 12th tooth 9 and the 13th tooth 9. It passes through the slit 11h and is wound 12 times clockwise around the 9th teeth 9th to 12th teeth. Thereafter, the same steps as described above are repeated, and the armature core 6 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and nine connection lines 25.

  In this way, the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are divided into the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding 7B, and are wound around the armature core 6. ing. Therefore, compared with the case of winding without dividing, the number of crossover wires 7C extending from one slot 11 to another slot 11 is small, and the thickness thereof is small. The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the connecting line 25 connecting them in series are formed by routing a single first conducting wire 110 to the armature core 6 and the commutator 13. . For this reason, the time required for the winding work is shortened compared to the case where the connecting wire is routed to the commutator 13 in advance and then the winding is routed, and the connecting wire and the winding are mounted on the armature core and the commutator. Is simplified.

  As described above, each of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and the other first to ninth windings formed by the second conducting wire 120 corresponding thereto. Each of the windings (71 to 79) is wound at substantially the same time on the teeth 9 facing point-symmetrically around the rotation shaft 5 of the armature core 6 by a so-called double flyer type winding machine.

  Accordingly, the respective windings 12 of the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) corresponding to the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are mutually rotated. They are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed with respect to 5. That is, the other first winding 71 is disposed at a position facing the first winding 61, and the other second winding 72 is disposed at a position facing the second winding 62. The other third winding 73 is disposed at a position facing the third winding 63, and the other fourth winding 74 is disposed at a position facing the fourth winding 64. Furthermore, the other fifth winding 75 is disposed at a position facing the fifth winding 65, and the other sixth winding 76 is disposed at a position facing the sixth winding 66, The other seventh winding 77 is disposed at a position facing the seventh winding 67, and the other eighth winding 78 is disposed at a position facing the eighth winding 68. The ninth winding 79 is disposed at a position facing the ninth winding 69.

  Hereinafter, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) formed by the second conducting wire 120 and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series will be described from the other first windings 71.

  The other first winding 71 formed by the second conducting wire 120 includes a first coil winding 7A and a second coil winding 7B connected in series to the first coil winding 7A. The first coil winding 7 </ b> A is connected in series with a connection line 21 c formed from the second conductive wire 120, while the second coil winding 7 </ b> B is also connected to the second conductive wire 120. Are connected in series to a connecting line 25d.

  The end 45, which is the starting point of the connecting wire 25c formed from the second conducting wire 120, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the twelfth segment 14, and the connecting wire 25c is routed in the left direction D2. The end portion 46 which is the end point of the connection line 25c is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the third segment 12. Here, the twelfth segment 14 and the third segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5. The end portion 46 of the connection line 25c and the end portion 34 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the second conducting wire 120 is the end portion. It is wound on teeth 9 from 34.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through a slit 11d formed between the 9th tooth 9 and the 10th tooth 9 and a slit 11e formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9 and is close to each other. The 10th tooth 9 to the 13th tooth 9 are wound 12 times clockwise.

  The arrangement of the second coil winding 7B, which is formed of the second conductive wire 120 as well as the first coil winding 7A and is connected in series to the first coil winding 7A, will be described below. The second coil winding 7B passes through a slit 11a formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9 and a slit 11f formed between the 14th tooth 9 and the 15th tooth 9 and the 10th. The first coil winding 7A is surrounded by the 15th tooth 9 to the 18th tooth 9 adjacent to each other in the right direction D1 with the 14th tooth 9 interposed therebetween with respect to the 13th tooth 9 to the 13th tooth 9 Is wound 12 times in the counterclockwise direction opposite to the winding direction. The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (S pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the first coil winding 7A. The coil 7 is wound in the opposite direction to the winding A.

The end 35 of the second coil winding 7B is connected to the end 34 of the first coil winding 7A 3.
The second segment 14 is connected to the riser 15 formed in the second segment 14 adjacent to the second segment 14 in the left direction D2 opposite to the right direction D1. By connecting in this way, the second coil winding 7B in the vicinity of the end portion 35 can suppress the first coil winding 7A in the vicinity of the end portion 34 from the outside. The winding of the winding 71 can be prevented.

  The other first winding 71 and the other second winding 72 are connected in series by a connection line 25d similarly formed by the second winding 120. The end portion 47 which is the starting point of the connection line 25d and the end portion 35 of the second coil winding 7B provided in the other first winding 71 are connected in series, and the end portion 47 is connected to the second segment 14. The riser 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25d is routed in the left direction D2, and the end 48 that is the end point of the connection line 25d is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the 11th segment 14. Here, the second segment 14 and the eleventh segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5.

  The end portion 48 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the other second winding 72 that is continuously wound around the other first winding 71, and the end portion 36 of the connection line 25d are a series. It is connected. The first coil winding 7A of the other second winding 72 includes a slit 11f formed between the 17th tooth 9 and the 18th tooth 9, and the third tooth 9 and the 4th tooth 9. It passes through a slit 11h formed between them and is wound 12 times clockwise around the 18th tooth 9 to the 3rd tooth. Thereafter, the same process as described above is repeated, and the armature core 6 includes other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) and nine connection lines 25.

  In this way, the windings 12 of the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are divided into the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding 7B and wound around the armature core 6. Compared to the case of winding without dividing, the thickness of the crossover 7C from one slot 11 to the other slot 11 is smaller. Further, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) and the connection line 25 connecting them in series are formed by routing the single first winding 71 to the armature core 6 and the commutator 13. Has been. For this reason, the time required for the winding work is shortened compared to those in which the connection line is routed to the commutator 13 in advance and then the winding is routed, and the connection line and the winding to the armature core and the commutator are reduced. Installation is simple.

  Thus, the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are connected to the first coil winding 7A and the first windings 7A. It is divided into two coil windings 7B and wound around the armature core 6, and the thickness of each connecting wire 7C is reduced. Therefore, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 72) that are wound so as to overlap sequentially from the outside of the winding 12 that has already been wound. In the armature coil 7 formed by the above method, the winding thickness due to the overlapping of the crossover wires 7C is reduced.

  Thereby, size reduction of the axial direction which is a part in which the crossover 7C exists is achieved. Further, by reducing the winding thickness, the first and second conducting wires 110 and 120 can be easily inserted into the slot 11, and the ratio of the winding 12 to be closed in the space in the slot 11, that is, the space factor is improved. . For this reason, the space in the slot 11 can be reduced, and the radial dimension of the armature core 6 can be reduced. Thereby, the miniaturization of the electric motor 1 as a whole is achieved.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the first winding 61 and the other first winding 71 that are arranged in a point-symmetrical manner with respect to the rotation axis 5 are connected to each other by the connection line 25 a and the connection line 25 c. Connected by. Therefore, the first winding 61 and the other first winding 71 are connected in parallel by the connection line 25a and the connection line 25c. As described above, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are opposed to each other in a point-symmetrical manner around the rotation axis 5. The arranged windings 12 and 12 are connected in parallel by two connecting lines 12 and 12, respectively. For this reason, even if it is the 4-pole electric motor 1 like this embodiment, the armature 3 can be rotated by the electric power feeding from two places arrange | positioned at the angle of an electrical angle of 180 degree | times fundamentally. .

  Next, based on FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the winding structure of the armature coil 7 of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 9 is a developed view of the armature, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the armature. A gap between adjacent teeth 9, 9 corresponds to the slot 11. 9 and 10, numbers are assigned to the segments 14 provided in the commutator 13 and the teeth 9 provided in the stator core 7.

  The electric motor 1 according to the third embodiment of the present invention and the electric motor 1 according to the first embodiment described above differ only in the winding structure of the armature coil 7, and the other parts are the same. Therefore, hereinafter, only the winding structure of the armature coil 7 will be described, and description of other parts will be omitted.

  The armature coil 7 of the third embodiment of the present invention includes a first conducting wire 110 and a second conducting wire 120. In FIG. 9, the first conductive wire 110 is indicated by a solid line, and the second conductive wire 120 is indicated by a broken line.

  The armature coil 7 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and other first to ninth windings (from 71 to 71) formed by the second conducting wire 120. 79). The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other corresponding first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are opposed to each other with point symmetry about the rotation axis 5. It is arranged at the position.

  That is, the first winding pair (61, 71), the second winding pair (62, 72), the third winding pair (63, 73), the fourth winding pair (64 74), fifth winding pair (65, 75), sixth winding pair (66, 76), seventh winding pair (67, 77), eighth winding pair. (68, 78) and the ninth pair of windings (69, 79) are arranged at opposing positions which are symmetric with respect to the rotation axis 5, respectively.

  The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are connected in series through nine connection lines 25, 25,. That is, the first winding 61, the connecting wire 25, the second winding 62, the connecting wire 25, the third winding 63, the connecting wire 25, the fourth winding 64, the connecting wire 25, and the fifth winding. Line 65, connection line 25, sixth winding 66, connection line 25, seventh winding 67, connection line 25, eighth winding 68, connection line 25, ninth winding 69, connection line 25 In this order, each is formed in series by the first conducting wire 110. In addition, the connection lines 25 connecting the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are connected to each other at a pair of opposing positions that are point-symmetric with respect to the rotation axis 5. The risers 15 and 15 formed in the segments 14 and 14 are electrically and mechanically connected.

  On the other hand, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are connected in series via nine connection lines 25, 25,. Yes. That is, the first winding 71, the connecting wire 25, the second winding 72, the connecting wire 25, the third winding 73, the connecting wire 25, the fourth winding 74, the connecting wire 25, the fifth winding. Line 75, connection line 25, sixth winding 76, connection line 25, seventh winding 77, connection line 25, eighth winding 78, connection line 25, ninth winding 79, connection line 25 In this order, the second conductive wire 110 is formed in series. Further, the connection lines 25 connecting the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are arranged at opposing positions that are point-symmetric with respect to the rotation axis 5, respectively. The risers 15 and 15 formed in the pair of segments 14 and 14 are electrically and mechanically connected.

  The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are respectively connected in series with the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding. Line 7B. The first coil winding 7A is wound 12 times around the four adjacent teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 and the second coil winding 7B is wound by the first coil winding 7A. The four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 are arranged adjacent to each other in the right direction D 1, and are wound 12 times around the other four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 adjacent to each other. . Here, the winding direction of the second coil winding 7B is opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A.

  The end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected to one segment 14 of the commutator 13, and the end 31 of the second coil winding 7B is connected to the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A. The segment 14 arranged at a point-symmetrical position with the rotation axis 5 as the center with respect to the segment 14 is connected to the segment 14 adjacent in the right direction D1.

  In the present embodiment, the first conducting wire 110 and the second conducting wire 120 are formed on the armature core 6 by a so-called double flyer-type winding machine, and teeth 9, 9 facing each other symmetrically about the rotation shaft 5. It is wound almost at the same time. The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series are formed by the first conducting wire 110, and the other first to ninth windings (71 are connected by the second conducting wire 120. 79) and a connecting line 25 connecting them in series.

  Hereinafter, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series will be described from the first winding 61. FIG. The first winding 61 formed by the first winding 110 has a first coil winding 7A and a second coil winding 7B, and the first coil winding 7A is also a first coil winding 7A. The second coil winding 7B is connected in series to a connection line 25b also formed from the first conductor 110.

  The end 40, which is the starting point of the connecting wire 25a formed from the first conducting wire 110, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the 15th segment 14, and the connecting wire 25a is in the left direction D2. The end portion 41 that is routed and is the end point of the connection line 25 a is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the sixth segment 14. Here, the 15th segment 14 and the 6th segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5. The end portion 41 of the connecting wire 25a and the end portion 30 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the first conducting wire 110 is the end portion. After being connected to 30, it is wound around the teeth 9.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through a slit 11a formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9, and a slit 11b formed between the 4th tooth 9 and the 5th tooth 9. The four teeth 9 from No. 1 to No. 4 adjacent to each other are wound 12 times clockwise.

  The arrangement of the second coil winding 7B, which is formed of the first conducting wire 110 in the same manner as the first coil winding 7A and connected in series to the first coil winding 7A, will be described below. The second coil winding 7B passes through a slit 11c formed between the eighth tooth 9 and the ninth tooth 9, and a slit 11b formed between the fourth tooth 9 and the fifth tooth 9. The four teeth 9 adjacent to and adjacent to each other from the first to fourth teeth 9 are surrounded by four teeth 9 in the counterclockwise direction which is the direction opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A. Wound 12 times. The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (N pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the first coil winding 7A. The coil 7 is wound in the opposite direction to the winding A.

  The end 31 of the second coil winding 7B is arranged at a point-symmetrical position around the rotation axis 5 with reference to the sixth segment 14 to which the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected. The 15th segment 14 is connected to the riser 15 formed in the 16th segment 14 adjacent in the right direction D1.

  The first winding 61 and the second winding 62 wound around the stator core 6 following the first winding 61 are connected in series by a connection line 25 b formed by the first conducting wire 110. The end portion 42 which is the starting point of the connection line 25b and the end portion 31 of the second coil winding 7B provided in the first winding 61 are connected in series, and the end portion 42 is the riser of the 16th segment 14 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25 b is routed in the left direction D <b> 2, and the end 43, which is the end point of the connection line 25 b, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the seventh segment 14. Here, the 16th segment 14 and the 7th segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5.

  The end portion 43 of the connection line 25b and the end portion 32 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 that is wound around the first winding 61 are connected in series. . The first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 is formed between the slit 11g formed between the first tooth 9 and the second tooth 9, and between the fifth tooth 9 and the sixth tooth 9. Is wound 12 times clockwise around the four teeth 9 from No. 2 to No. 5. Thereafter, the same steps as described above are repeated, and the armature core 6 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and nine connection lines 25.

  In this way, the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are divided into the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding 7B, and are wound around the armature core 6. ing. Therefore, compared with the case of winding without dividing, the number of crossover wires 7C extending from one slot 11 to another slot 11 is small, and the thickness thereof is small. The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the connection line 25 connecting them in series are formed by routing a single first conducting wire 110 to the armature core 6 and the commutator 13. . For this reason, the time required for the winding work is shortened compared to the case where the connecting wire is routed to the commutator 13 in advance and then the winding is routed, and the connecting wire and the winding are mounted on the armature core and the commutator. Is simplified.

  As described above, each of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and the other corresponding first and second windings formed by the second conducting wire 120. Each of the nine windings (71 to 79) is wound at substantially the same time on the teeth 9 facing each other symmetrically with respect to the rotation axis 5 of the armature core 6 by a so-called double flyer type winding machine.

  Accordingly, the respective windings 12 of the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) corresponding to the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are mutually rotated. They are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed with respect to 5. That is, the other first winding 71 is disposed at a position facing the first winding 61, and the other second winding 72 is disposed at a position facing the second winding 62. The other third winding 73 is disposed at a position facing the third winding 63, and the other fourth winding 74 is disposed at a position facing the fourth winding 64. Furthermore, the other fifth winding 75 is disposed at a position facing the fifth winding 65, and the other sixth winding 76 is disposed at a position facing the sixth winding 66, The other seventh winding 77 is disposed at a position facing the seventh winding 67, and the other eighth winding 78 is disposed at a position facing the eighth winding 68. The ninth winding 79 is disposed at a position facing the ninth winding 69.

  Hereinafter, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) formed by the second conducting wire 120 and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series will be described from the other first windings 71.

  The other first winding 71 formed by the second conductive wire 120 includes a first coil winding 7A and a second coil winding 7B connected in series with the first coil winding 7B. The first coil winding 7 </ b> A is connected in series with a connection line 21 c formed from the second conductive wire 120, while the second coil winding 7 </ b> B is also connected to the second conductive wire 120. Are connected in series to a connecting line 25d.

  The end 45, which is the starting point of the connection line 25c formed from the second conducting wire 120, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the sixth segment 14, and the connection line 25c extends in the left direction D2. The end portion 46, which is routed and is the end point of the connection line 25 c, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the 15th segment 12. Here, the sixth segment 14 and the fifteenth segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5. The end portion 46 of the connection line 25c and the end portion 34 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the second conducting wire 120 is the end portion. It is wound on teeth 9 from 34.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through a slit 11d formed between the 9th tooth 9 and the 10th tooth 9 and a slit 11e formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9 and is close to each other. The four teeth 9 from No. 10 to No. 13 are wrapped 12 times clockwise.

  The arrangement of the second coil winding 7B, which is formed of the second conductive wire 120 as well as the first coil winding 7A and is connected in series to the first coil winding 7A, will be described below. The second coil winding 7B passes through a slit 11f formed between the 17th tooth 9 and the 18th tooth 9 and a slit 11e formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9, and the 10th. The four teeth 9 of No. 13 to No. 13 are adjacent to each other in the right direction D1 and surround the four teeth No. 14 to No. 17 adjacent to each other, and are opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A. Is wound 12 times counterclockwise. The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (N pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the first coil winding 7A. The coil 7 is wound in the opposite direction to the winding A.

  The end portion 35 of the second coil winding 7B is disposed at a point-symmetrical position around the rotation axis 5 with reference to the 15th segment 14 to which the end portion 34 of the first coil winding 7A is connected. The 6th segment 14 is connected to the riser 15 formed in the 7th segment 14 adjacent in the right direction D1.

  The other first winding 71 and the other second winding 72 are connected in series by a connection line 25d similarly formed by the second winding 120. The end portion 47 which is the starting point of the connection line 25d and the end portion 35 of the second coil winding 7B provided in the other first winding 71 are connected in series, and the end portion 47 is connected to the seventh segment 14. The riser 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25d is routed in the left direction D2, and the end 48 which is the end point of the connection line 25d is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the sixteenth segment 14. Here, the seventh segment 14 and the sixteenth segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5.

  The end portion 48 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the other second winding 72 that is continuously wound around the other first winding 71, and the end portion 36 of the connection line 25d are a series. It is connected. The first coil winding 7 </ b> A of the other second winding 72 includes a slit 11 i formed between the 10 th tooth 9 and the 11 th tooth 9, and the 14 th tooth 9 and the 15 th tooth 9. It passes through a slit 11j formed between them and is wound 12 times clockwise around four teeth 9 from No. 11 to No. 14. Thereafter, the same process as described above is repeated, and the armature core 6 includes other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) and nine connection lines 25.

  In this way, the windings 12 of the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are divided into the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding 7B and wound around the armature core 6. Compared to the case of winding without dividing, the thickness of the crossover 7C from one slot 11 to the other slot 11 is smaller. Further, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) and the connection line 25 connecting them in series are formed by routing the single first winding 71 to the armature core 6 and the commutator 13. Has been. For this reason, the time required for the winding work is shortened compared to those in which the connection line is routed to the commutator 13 in advance and then the winding is routed, and the connection line and the winding to the armature core and the commutator are reduced. Installation is simple.

  Thus, the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are connected to the first coil winding 7A and the first windings 7A. It is divided into two coil windings 7B and wound around the armature core 6, and the thickness of each connecting wire 7C is reduced. Therefore, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 72) wound so as to overlap sequentially from the outside of the already wound windings 12, respectively. In the armature coil 7 formed by the above method, the winding thickness due to the overlapping of the crossover wires 7C is reduced.

  Thereby, size reduction of the axial direction which is a part in which the crossover 7C exists is achieved. Further, by reducing the winding thickness, the first and second conducting wires 110 and 120 can be easily inserted into the slot 11, and the ratio of the winding 12 to be closed in the space in the slot 11, that is, the space factor is improved. . For this reason, the space in the slot 11 can be reduced, and the radial dimension of the armature core 6 can be reduced. Thereby, the miniaturization of the electric motor 1 as a whole is achieved.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the first winding 61 and the other first winding 71 that are arranged in a point-symmetrical manner with respect to the rotation axis 5 are connected to each other as a connection line 25 a and a connection line 25 c. Connected by. Therefore, the first winding 61 and the other first winding 71 are connected in parallel by the connection line 25a and the connection line 25c. As described above, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are opposed to each other in a point-symmetrical manner around the rotation axis 5. The arranged windings 12 and 12 are connected in parallel by two connecting lines 12 and 12, respectively. For this reason, even if it is the 4-pole electric motor 1 like this embodiment, the armature 3 can be rotated by the electric power feeding from two places arrange | positioned at the angle of an electrical angle of 180 degree | times fundamentally. .

  Next, based on FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the winding structure of the armature coil 7 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 11 is a developed view of the armature, and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the armature. A gap between adjacent teeth 9, 9 corresponds to the slot 11. In FIGS. 11 and 12, each segment 14 provided in the commutator 13 and each tooth 9 provided in the stator core 7 are numbered.

  The electric motor 1 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention and the electric motor 1 according to the first embodiment described above differ only in the winding structure of the armature coil 7, and the other parts are the same. Therefore, hereinafter, only the winding structure of the armature coil 7 will be described, and description of other parts will be omitted.

  The armature coil 7 of the fourth embodiment of the present invention includes a first conducting wire 110 and a second conducting wire 120. In FIG. 11, the first conductive wire 110 is indicated by a solid line, and the second conductive wire 120 is indicated by a broken line.

  The armature coil 7 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and other first to ninth windings (from 71 to 71) formed by the second conducting wire 120. 79). The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other corresponding first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are opposed to each other with point symmetry about the rotation axis 5. It is arranged at the position.

  That is, the first winding pair (61, 71), the second winding pair (62, 72), the third winding pair (63, 73), the fourth winding pair (64 74), fifth winding pair (65, 75), sixth winding pair (66, 76), seventh winding pair (67, 77), eighth winding pair. (68, 78) and the ninth pair of windings (69, 79) are arranged at opposing positions which are symmetric with respect to the rotation axis 5, respectively.

  The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are connected in series through nine connection lines 25, 25,. That is, the first winding 61, the connecting wire 25, the second winding 62, the connecting wire 25, the third winding 63, the connecting wire 25, the fourth winding 64, the connecting wire 25, and the fifth winding. Line 65, connection line 25, sixth winding 66, connection line 25, seventh winding 67, connection line 25, eighth winding 68, connection line 25, ninth winding 69, connection line 25 In this order, each is formed in series by the first conducting wire 110. In addition, the connection lines 25 connecting the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are connected to each other at a pair of opposing positions that are point-symmetric with respect to the rotation axis 5. The risers 15 and 15 formed in the segments 14 and 14 are electrically and mechanically connected.

  On the other hand, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are connected in series via nine connection lines 25, 25,. Yes. That is, the first winding 71, the connecting wire 25, the second winding 72, the connecting wire 25, the third winding 73, the connecting wire 25, the fourth winding 74, the connecting wire 25, the fifth winding. Line 75, connection line 25, sixth winding 76, connection line 25, seventh winding 77, connection line 25, eighth winding 78, connection line 25, ninth winding 79, connection line 25 In this order, the second conductive wire 110 is formed in series. Further, the connection lines 25 connecting the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are arranged at opposing positions that are point-symmetric with respect to the rotation axis 5, respectively. The risers 15 and 15 formed in the pair of segments 14 and 14 are electrically and mechanically connected.

  The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are respectively connected in series with the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding. Line 7B. The first coil winding 7A is wound 12 times around the four adjacent teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 and the second coil winding 7B is wound by the first coil winding 7A. The four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 are arranged at positions adjacent to each other in the right direction D 1 across one tooth 9, and surround the other four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 adjacent to each other It is wound 12 times. Here, the winding direction of the second coil winding 7B is opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A.

  The end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected to one segment 14 of the commutator 13, and the end 31 of the second coil winding 7B is connected to the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A. The segment 14 arranged at a point-symmetrical position with the rotation axis 5 as the center with respect to the segment 14 is connected to the segment 14 adjacent in the right direction D1.

  In the present embodiment, the first conducting wire 110 and the second conducting wire 120 are formed on the armature core 6 by a so-called double flyer-type winding machine, and teeth 9, 9 facing each other symmetrically about the rotation shaft 5. It is wound almost at the same time. The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series are formed by the first conducting wire 110, and the other first to ninth windings (71 are connected by the second conducting wire 120. 79) and a connecting line 25 connecting them in series.

  Hereinafter, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series will be described from the first winding 61. FIG. The first winding 61 formed by the first winding 110 has a first coil winding 7A and a second coil winding 7B, and the first coil winding 7A is also a first coil winding 7A. The second coil winding 7B is connected in series to a connection line 25b also formed from the first conductor 110.

  The end 40 which is the starting point of the connecting wire 25a formed from the first conducting wire 110 is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the 15th segment 14, and the connecting wire 25a The end 41, which is routed to D <b> 2 and is the end point of the connection line 25 a, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the sixth segment 14. Here, the 15th segment 14 and the 6th segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5. The end portion 41 of the connecting wire 25a and the end portion 30 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the first conducting wire 110 is After being connected to the sixth segment 14 at the portion 30, it is wound around the teeth 9.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through a slit 11a formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9, and a slit 11b formed between the 4th tooth 9 and the 5th tooth 9. The four teeth 9 from No. 1 to No. 4 adjacent to each other are wound 12 times clockwise.

  The arrangement of the second coil winding 7B, which is formed of the first conducting wire 110 in the same manner as the first coil winding 7A and connected in series to the first coil winding 7A, will be described below. The second coil winding 7B passes through a slit 11d formed between the ninth tooth 9 and the tenth tooth 9, and a slit 11c formed between the fifth tooth 9 and the sixth tooth 9. It is adjacent to the 1st to 4th teeth 9 with the 5th tooth 9 in between, and surrounds the 4th to 9th teeth 9 adjacent to each other, and is opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A. It is wound 12 times counterclockwise. The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (N pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the first coil winding 7A. The coil 7 is wound in the opposite direction to the winding A.

  The end 31 of the second coil winding 7B is arranged at a point-symmetrical position around the rotation axis 5 with reference to the sixth segment 14 to which the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected. The 15th segment 14 is connected to the riser 15 formed in the 16th segment 14 adjacent in the right direction D1.

  The first winding 61 and the second winding 62 wound around the stator core 6 following the first winding 61 are connected in series by a connection line 25 b formed by the first conducting wire 110. The end portion 42 which is the starting point of the connection line 25b and the end portion 31 of the second coil winding 7B provided in the first winding 61 are connected in series, and the end portion 42 is the riser of the 16th segment 14 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25 b is routed in the left direction D <b> 2, and the end 43, which is the end point of the connection line 25 b, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the seventh segment 14. Here, the 16th segment 14 and the 7th segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5.

  The end portion 43 of the connection line 25b and the end portion 32 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 that is wound around the first winding 61 are connected in series. . The first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 is formed between the slit 11g formed between the first tooth 9 and the second tooth 9, and between the fifth tooth 9 and the sixth tooth 9. Is wound 12 times clockwise around the four teeth 9 from No. 2 to No. 5. Thereafter, the same steps as described above are repeated, and the armature core 6 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and nine connection lines 25.

  In this way, the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are divided into the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding 7B, and are wound around the armature core 6. ing. Therefore, compared with the case of winding without dividing, the number of crossover wires 7C extending from one slot 11 to another slot 11 is small, and the thickness thereof is small. The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the connection line 25 connecting them in series are formed by routing a single first conducting wire 110 to the armature core 6 and the commutator 13. . For this reason, the time required for the winding work is shortened compared to the case where the connecting wire is routed to the commutator 13 in advance and then the winding is routed, and the connecting wire and the winding are mounted on the armature core and the commutator. Is simplified.

  As described above, each of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and the other corresponding first and second windings formed by the second conducting wire 120. Each of the nine windings (71 to 79) is wound at substantially the same time on the teeth 9 facing each other symmetrically with respect to the rotation axis 5 of the armature core 6 by a so-called double flyer type winding machine.

  Accordingly, the respective windings 12 of the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) corresponding to the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are mutually rotated. They are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed with respect to 5. That is, the other first winding 71 is disposed at a position facing the first winding 61, and the other second winding 72 is disposed at a position facing the second winding 62. The other third winding 73 is disposed at a position facing the third winding 63, and the other fourth winding 74 is disposed at a position facing the fourth winding 64. Furthermore, the other fifth winding 75 is disposed at a position facing the fifth winding 65, and the other sixth winding 76 is disposed at a position facing the sixth winding 66, The other seventh winding 77 is disposed at a position facing the seventh winding 67, and the other eighth winding 78 is disposed at a position facing the eighth winding 68. The ninth winding 79 is disposed at a position facing the ninth winding 69.

  Hereinafter, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) formed by the second conducting wire 120 and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series will be described from the other first windings 71.

  The other first winding 71 formed by the second conductive wire 120 includes a first coil winding 7A and a second coil winding 7B connected in series with the first coil winding 7B. The first coil winding 7 </ b> A is connected in series with a connection line 21 c formed from the second conductive wire 120, while the second coil winding 7 </ b> B is also connected to the second conductive wire 120. Are connected in series to a connecting line 25d.

  The end 45, which is the starting point of the connection line 25c formed from the second conducting wire 120, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the sixth segment 14, and the connection line 25c extends in the left direction D2. The end portion 46, which is routed and is the end point of the connection line 25 c, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the 15th segment 14. Here, the sixth segment 14 and the fifteenth segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5. The end portion 46 of the connection line 25c and the end portion 34 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the second conducting wire 120 is The part 34 is connected to the 15th segment 9 and wound around the teeth 9.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through a slit 11d formed between the 9th tooth 9 and the 10th tooth 9 and a slit 11e formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9 and is close to each other. The four teeth 9 from No. 10 to No. 13 are wrapped 12 times clockwise.

  The arrangement of the second coil winding 7B, which is formed of the second conductive wire 120 as well as the first coil winding 7A and is connected in series to the first coil winding 7A, will be described below. The second coil winding 7B passes through a slit 11a formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9 and a slit 11f formed between the 14th tooth 9 and the 15th tooth 9 and the 10th. To the four teeth 9 of No. 13 to No. 13, surrounding the four teeth 9 of No. 15 to No. 18 that are adjacent to each other in the right direction D1 across the No. 14 tooth 9 and are adjacent to each other. The wire is wound 12 times in the counterclockwise direction opposite to the winding direction of the wire 7A. The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (N pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the first coil winding 7A. The coil 7 is wound in the opposite direction to the winding A.

  The end portion 35 of the second coil winding 7B is disposed at a point-symmetrical position around the rotation axis 5 with reference to the 15th segment 14 to which the end portion 34 of the first coil winding 7A is connected. The sixth segment 14 is connected to the riser 15 formed in the seventh segment 14 adjacent in the right direction D1.

  The other first winding 71 and the other second winding 72 are connected in series by a connection line 25d similarly formed by the second winding 120. The end portion 47 which is the starting point of the connection line 25d and the end portion 35 of the second coil winding 7B provided in the other first winding 71 are connected in series, and the end portion 47 is connected to the seventh segment 14. The riser 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25d is routed in the left direction D2, and the end 48 which is the end point of the connection line 25d is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the sixteenth segment 14. Here, the seventh segment 14 and the sixteenth segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5.

  The end portion 48 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the other second winding 72 that is continuously wound around the other first winding 71, and the end portion 36 of the connection line 25d are a series. It is connected. The first coil winding 7A of the other second winding 72 is formed between the slit 11i formed between the 10th tooth 11 and the number 9 tooth, and between the 14th tooth 9 and the 15th tooth 9. Is wound 12 times clockwise around the four teeth 9 from No. 11 to No. 14. Thereafter, the same process as described above is repeated, and the armature core 6 includes other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) and nine connection lines 25.

  In this way, the windings 12 of the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are divided into the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding 7B and wound around the armature core 6. Compared to the case of winding without dividing, the thickness of the crossover 7C from one slot 11 to the other slot 11 is smaller. Further, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) and the connection line 25 connecting them in series are formed by routing the single first winding 71 to the armature core 6 and the commutator 13. Has been. For this reason, the time required for the winding work is shortened compared to those in which the connection line is routed to the commutator 13 in advance and then the winding is routed, and the connection line and the winding to the armature core and the commutator are reduced. Installation is simple.

  Thus, the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are connected to the first coil winding 7A and the first windings 7A. It is divided into two coil windings 7B and wound around the armature core 6, and the thickness of each connecting wire 7C is reduced. Therefore, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 72) wound so as to overlap sequentially from the outside of the already wound windings 12, respectively. In the armature coil 7 formed by the above method, the winding thickness due to the overlapping of the crossover wires 7C is reduced.

  Thereby, size reduction of the axial direction which is a part in which the crossover 7C exists is achieved. Further, by reducing the winding thickness, the first and second conducting wires 110 and 120 can be easily inserted into the slot 11, and the ratio of the winding 12 to be closed in the space in the slot 11, that is, the space factor is improved. . For this reason, the space in the slot 11 can be reduced, and the radial dimension of the armature core 6 can be reduced. Thereby, the miniaturization of the electric motor 1 as a whole is achieved.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the first winding 61 and the other first winding 71 that are arranged in a point-symmetrical manner with respect to the rotation axis 5 are connected to each other as a connection line 25 a and a connection line 25 c. Connected by. Therefore, the first winding 61 and the other first winding 71 are connected in parallel by the connection line 25a and the connection line 25c. As described above, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are opposed to each other in a point-symmetrical manner around the rotation axis 5. The arranged windings 12 and 12 are connected in parallel by two connecting lines 12 and 12, respectively. For this reason, even if it is the 4-pole electric motor 1 like this embodiment, the armature 3 can be rotated by the electric power feeding from two places arrange | positioned at the angle of an electrical angle of 180 degree | times fundamentally. .

  Next, based on FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the winding structure of the armature coil 7 of the 5th Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 13 is a developed view of the armature, and FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the armature. A gap between adjacent teeth 9, 9 corresponds to the slot 11. 13 and 14, numbers are assigned to the segments 14 provided in the commutator 13 and the teeth 9 provided to the stator core 7, respectively.

  The electric motor 1 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention and the electric motor 1 according to the first embodiment described above differ only in the winding structure of the armature coil 7, and the other parts are the same. Therefore, hereinafter, only the winding structure of the armature coil 7 will be described, and description of other parts will be omitted.

  The armature coil 7 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention includes a first winding 110 and a second winding 120. In FIG. 13, the first conductive wire 110 is indicated by a solid line, and the second conductive wire 120 is indicated by a broken line. The armature coil 7 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and other first to ninth windings (from 71 to 71) formed by the second conducting wire 120. 79).

  The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are connected in series through nine connection lines 25, 25,. That is, the first winding 61, the connecting wire 25, the second winding 62, the connecting wire 25, the third winding 63, the connecting wire 25, the fourth winding 64, the connecting wire 25, and the fifth winding. Line 65, connection line 25, sixth winding 66, connection line 25, seventh winding 67, connection line 25, eighth winding 68, connection line 25, ninth winding 69, connection line 25 In this order, each is formed in series by the first conducting wire 110. In addition, the connection lines 25 connecting the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are connected to each other at a pair of opposing positions that are point-symmetric with respect to the rotation axis 5. The risers 15 and 15 formed in the segments 14 and 14 are electrically and mechanically connected.

  On the other hand, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are connected in series via nine connection lines 25, 25,. Yes. That is, the first winding 71, the connecting wire 25, the second winding 72, the connecting wire 25, the third winding 73, the connecting wire 25, the fourth winding 74, the connecting wire 25, the fifth winding. Line 75, connection line 25, sixth winding 76, connection line 25, seventh winding 77, connection line 25, eighth winding 78, connection line 25, ninth winding 79, connection line 25 In this order, the second conductive wire 110 is formed in series. Each of the connection lines 25 connecting the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) is a pair of segments disposed at opposing positions that are symmetric with respect to each other about the rotation axis 5. 14 and 14 are electrically and mechanically connected to risers 15, 15 formed on 14, 14.

  The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are respectively connected to the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B) connected in series. 7M, 7N). Each of the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) is disposed at a substantially mechanical angle interval of 90 °, and the winding 12 is wound over substantially the entire circumference of the armature core 6. It is disguised. That is, each of the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) is disposed at a position that can face the four magnets 4 provided in the electric motor 1 substantially simultaneously.

  The first coil winding 7A is wound six times clockwise (forward) around the four adjacent teeth 9, 9, 9, 9, and the second coil winding 7B is the first coil The four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 around which the winding 7 </ b> A is wound are arranged at positions adjacent to the right direction D <b> 1 and surround the other four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 adjacent to each other. It is wound 6 times in the clockwise direction (reverse direction).

  The third coil winding 7M is adjacent to the four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 wound with the second coil winding 7B in the right direction D1 with one tooth 9 interposed therebetween, and is adjacent to each other. The other four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 are wound six times in the clockwise direction (forward direction), and the fourth coil winding 7N has four teeth wound with the third coil winding 7M. 9, 9, 9 and 9 are wound six times counterclockwise (reverse direction) around the other four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 adjacent to each other in the right direction D 1 and adjacent to each other. That is, the first and third coil windings (7A, 7M) are wound in the same direction, and the second and fourth coil windings (7B, 7N) are the first and third coil windings (7A). , 7M).

  The end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected to one segment 14 of the commutator 13, and the end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N is connected to the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A. The segment 14 arranged at a point-symmetrical position with the rotation axis 5 as the center with respect to the segment 14 is connected to the segment 14 adjacent in the right direction D1.

  In the present embodiment, the first conducting wire 110 and the second conducting wire 120 are formed on the armature core 6 by a so-called double flyer-type winding machine, and teeth 9, 9 facing each other symmetrically about the rotation shaft 5. It is wound almost at the same time. The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series are formed by the first conducting wire 110, and the other first to ninth windings (71 are connected by the second conducting wire 120. 79) and a connecting line 25 connecting them in series.

  In this way, in the double flyer type winding machine, the first conducting wire 110 and the second conducting wire 120 are wound around the armature core 6, so that each winding of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) is wound. The wire 12 and the windings 12 of the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) corresponding to the wire 12 are wound in a state where the mechanical angle is shifted by 180 °. For example, in the first winding 61 and the other first winding 71 formed on the armature core 6 at substantially the same time, the respective first coil windings (7A, 7A) and the respective second coil windings. (7B, 7B), the respective third coil windings (7M, 7M), and the respective fourth coil windings (7N, 7N) are arranged at positions where the mechanical angles are shifted from each other by 180 °.

  Hereinafter, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conductive wire 110 and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series will be described in detail from the first winding 61. FIG. The first winding 61 formed by the first conducting wire 110 has first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) connected in series, and the first coil The winding 7A is connected in series with a connection line 21a similarly formed from the first conducting wire 110, while the fourth coil winding 7N is connected to a connecting line 25b also formed from the first conducting wire 110. It is connected to a series.

  The end 40 which is the starting point of the connecting wire 25a formed from the first conducting wire 110 is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the 15th segment 14, and the connecting wire 25a The end 41, which is routed to D <b> 2 and is the end point of the connection line 25 a, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the sixth segment 14. Here, the 15th segment 14 and the 6th segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5. The end portion 41 of the connecting wire 25a and the end portion 30 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the first conducting wire 110 is After being connected to the sixth segment 14 at the portion 30, it is wound around the teeth 9.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through a slit 11a formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9, and a slit 11b formed between the 4th tooth 9 and the 5th tooth 9. The four teeth 9 from No. 1 to No. 4 that are adjacent to each other are surrounded by six turns clockwise (forward direction).

  The arrangement of the second coil winding 7B connected in series to the first coil winding 7A will be described below. The second coil winding 7B passes through a slit 11c formed between the eighth tooth 9 and the ninth tooth 9, and a slit 11b formed between the fourth tooth 9 and the fifth tooth 9. Counterclockwise (which is the direction opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A) surrounding the four teeth 9 adjacent to each other and adjacent to each other from the first to fourth teeth 9 with respect to the first to fourth teeth 9. It is wound 6 times in the reverse direction. The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (N pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the first coil winding 7A. The coil 7 is wound in the opposite direction to the winding A.

  The arrangement of the third coil winding 7M connected in series with the second coil winding 7B will be described below. The third coil winding 7M passes through a slit 11d formed between the 9th tooth 9 and the 10th tooth 9 and a slit 11e formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9; Winding direction of the second coil winding 7B with the four teeth 9 from No. 5 to No. 8 surrounding the four teeth 9 from No. 10 to No. 13 that are adjacent to each other with the No. 9 teeth 9 therebetween. Is wound 6 times in the clockwise direction (forward direction) which is the opposite direction. The third coil winding 7M is opposed to the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (S pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the second coil winding 7B. The coil winding 7B is wound in the opposite direction.

  The arrangement of the fourth coil winding 7N connected in series with the third coil winding 7M will be described below. The fourth coil winding 7N passes through a slit 11f formed between the 17th tooth 9 and the 18th tooth 9 and a slit 11e formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9. The four teeth 9 from No. 10 to No. 13 are adjacent to and adjacent to the four teeth No. 14 to No. 17 and are opposite to the winding direction of the third coil winding 7M. Wound 6 times clockwise (reverse direction). The fourth coil winding 7N faces the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity of the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) opposed to the third coil winding 7M. The coil winding 7M is wound in the opposite direction.

  The end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N is arranged at a point-symmetrical position around the rotation axis 5 with reference to the sixth segment 14 to which the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected. The 15th segment 14 is connected to the riser 15 formed in the 16th segment 14 adjacent in the right direction D1.

  The first winding 61 and the second winding 62 wound around the armature core 6 following the first winding 61 are connected in series by a connection line 25 b formed by the first conducting wire 110. The end portion 42 which is the starting point of the connection line 25b and the end portion 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N included in the first winding 61 are connected in series, and the end portion 42 is the riser of the 16th segment 14 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25 b is routed in the left direction D <b> 2, and the end 43, which is the end point of the connection line 25 b, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the seventh segment 14. Here, the 16th segment 14 and the 7th segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5.

  The end portion 43 of the connection line 25b and the end portion 32 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 that is wound around the first winding 61 are connected in series. . The first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 is formed between the slit 11g formed between the first tooth 9 and the second tooth 9, and between the fifth tooth 9 and the sixth tooth 9. It is wound six times clockwise around the four teeth 9 from No. 2 to No. 5 through the slit 11h formed in No. 1. Thereafter, the same steps as described above are repeated, and the armature core 6 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and nine connection lines 25.

  Thus, the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are composed of the first coil winding 7A, the second coil winding 7B, the third coil winding 7C and the fourth winding. The coil winding 7 </ b> D is wound around the armature core 6. Therefore, compared with the case of winding without dividing, the number of crossover wires 7C extending from one slot 11 to another slot 11 is small, and the thickness thereof is small.

  The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series are formed by routing a single first conducting wire 110 to the armature core 6 and the commutator 13. For this reason, the time required for the winding work is shortened compared to the case where the connecting wire is routed to the commutator 13 in advance and then the winding is routed, and the connecting wire and the winding are mounted on the armature core and the commutator. Is simplified.

  As described above, each of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and the other corresponding first and second windings formed by the second conducting wire 120. Each of the nine windings (71 to 79) is wound at substantially the same time on the teeth 9 facing each other symmetrically with respect to the rotation axis 5 of the armature core 6 by a so-called double flyer type winding machine.

  Accordingly, the respective windings 12 of the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) corresponding to the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are mechanical angles with each other. Is wound around the armature core 6 in a state shifted by 180 °. That is, the other first winding 71 is wound around the armature core 6 with a mechanical angle of 180 ° with respect to the first winding 61, and the other second winding 72 is The second winding 62 is wound around the armature core 6 with a mechanical angle shifted by 180 °, and the other third winding 73 has a mechanical angle with respect to the third winding 63. The armature core 6 is wound around the armature core 6 in a state shifted by 180 °, and the other fourth winding 74 is wound around the armature core 6 in a state where the mechanical angle is shifted by 180 ° with respect to the fourth winding 64. Be dressed.

  Similarly, the other fifth winding 75 is wound around the armature core 6 with a mechanical angle of 180 ° with respect to the fifth winding 65, and the other sixth winding 76 is The sixth winding 66 is wound around the armature core 6 with the mechanical angle being shifted by 180 ° from each other, and the other seventh winding 77 is mechanically connected to the seventh winding 67. The armature core 6 is wound around the armature core 6 in a state where the angle is shifted by 180 °, and the other eighth winding 78 is in a state where the mechanical angle is shifted from the eighth winding 68 by 180 °. The other ninth winding 79 is wound around the armature core 6 with a mechanical angle of 180 ° with respect to the ninth winding 69.

  Hereinafter, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) formed by the second conducting wire 120 and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series will be described from the other first windings 71.

  The other first winding 71 formed by the second conducting wire 120 includes a first coil winding 7A, a second coil winding 7B connected in series with the first coil winding 7B, and a second coil winding 7B. A first coil winding having a third coil winding 7M connected in series with the first coil winding 7B and a fourth coil winding 7N connected in series with the third coil winding 7M. 7A is connected in series with a connection line 21c also formed from the second conductive wire 120, while the fourth coil winding 7N is connected to a connection line 25d also formed from the second conductive wire 120. It is connected to.

  The end 45, which is the starting point of the connection line 25c formed from the second conducting wire 120, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the sixth segment 14, and the connection line 25c extends in the left direction D2. The end portion 46, which is routed and is the end point of the connection line 25 c, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the 15th segment 12. Here, the sixth segment 14 and the fifteenth segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5. The end portion 46 of the connection line 25c and the end portion 34 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the second conducting wire 120 is the end portion. It is wound on teeth 9 from 34.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through a slit 11d formed between the 9th tooth 9 and the 10th tooth 9 and a slit 11e formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9 and is close to each other. The four teeth 9 from No. 10 to No. 13 are wrapped 12 times clockwise.

  The arrangement of the second coil winding 7B connected in series to the first coil winding 7A will be described below. The second coil winding 7B passes through a slit 11f formed between the 17th tooth 9 and the 18th tooth 9 and a slit 11e formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9, and the 10th. The four teeth 9 of No. 13 to No. 13 are adjacent to each other in the right direction D1 and surround the four teeth No. 14 to No. 17 adjacent to each other, and are opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A. Is wound six times counterclockwise (in the reverse direction). The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (N pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the first coil winding 7A. The coil 7 is wound in the opposite direction to the winding A.

  The arrangement of the third coil winding 7M connected in series with the second coil winding 7B will be described below. The third coil winding 7M passes through a slit 11a formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9, and a slit 11b formed between the 4th tooth 9 and the 5th tooth 9. Winding direction of the second coil winding 7B with the four teeth 9 from No. 14 to No. 17 surrounding the four teeth 9 from No. 1 to No. 4 adjacent to each other with the No. 18 teeth 9 therebetween Is wound 6 times in the clockwise direction (forward direction) which is the opposite direction. The third coil winding 7M is opposed to the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (S pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the second coil winding 7B. The coil winding 7B is wound in the opposite direction.

  The arrangement of the fourth coil winding 7N connected in series with the third coil winding 7M will be described below. The fourth coil winding 7N passes through a slit 11c formed between the eighth tooth 9 and the ninth tooth 9, and a slit 11b formed between the fourth tooth 9 and the fifth tooth 9. The four teeth 9 from No. 1 to No. 4 are adjacent to each other and surround the four teeth 9 from No. 5 to No. 8, opposite to the winding direction of the third coil winding 7M. Wound 6 times clockwise (reverse direction). The fourth coil winding 7N faces the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity of the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) opposed to the third coil winding 7M. The coil winding 7M is wound in the opposite direction.

  The end portion 35 of the fourth coil winding 7N is arranged at a point-symmetrical position around the rotation axis 5 with reference to the 15th segment 14 to which the end portion 34 of the first coil winding 7A is connected. The 6th segment 14 is connected to the riser 15 formed in the 7th segment 14 adjacent in the right direction D1.

  The other first winding 71 and the other second winding 72 are connected in series by a connection line 25d similarly formed by the second winding 120. The end portion 47 which is the starting point of the connection line 25d and the end portion 35 of the fourth coil winding 7N provided in the other first winding 71 are connected in series, and the end portion 47 is connected to the seventh segment 14. The riser 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25d is routed in the left direction D2, and the end 48 which is the end point of the connection line 25d is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the sixteenth segment 14. Here, the seventh segment 14 and the sixteenth segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5.

  The end portion 48 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the other second winding 72 that is continuously wound around the other first winding 71, and the end portion 36 of the connection line 25d are a series. It is connected. The first coil winding 7 </ b> A of the other second winding 72 includes a slit 11 i formed between the 10 th tooth 9 and the 11 th tooth 9, and the 14 th tooth 9 and the 15 th tooth 9. It passes through a slit 11j formed between them and is wound 12 times clockwise around four teeth 9 from No. 11 to No. 14. Thereafter, the same process as described above is repeated, and the armature core 6 includes other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) and nine connection lines 25.

  In this way, the windings 12 of the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are divided into the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding 7B and wound around the armature core 6. Compared to the case of winding without dividing, the thickness of the crossover 7C from one slot 11 to the other slot 11 is smaller. Further, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) and the connection line 25 connecting them in series are formed by routing the single first winding 71 to the armature core 6 and the commutator 13. Has been. For this reason, the time required for the winding work is shortened compared to those in which the connection line is routed to the commutator 13 in advance and then the winding is routed, and the connection line and the winding to the armature core and the commutator are reduced. Installation is simple.

  Thus, the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are connected to the first coil winding 7A and the first windings 7A. It is divided into two coil windings 7B and wound around the armature core 6, and the thickness of each connecting wire 7C is reduced. Therefore, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 72) wound so as to overlap sequentially from the outside of the already wound windings 12, respectively. In the armature coil 7 formed by the above method, the winding thickness due to the overlapping of the crossover wires 7C is reduced.

  Thereby, size reduction of the axial direction which is a part in which the crossover 7C exists is achieved. Further, by reducing the winding thickness, the first and second conducting wires 110 and 120 can be easily inserted into the slot 11, and the ratio of the winding 12 to be closed in the space in the slot 11, that is, the space factor is improved. . For this reason, the space in the slot 11 can be reduced, and the radial dimension of the armature core 6 can be reduced. Thereby, the miniaturization of the electric motor 1 as a whole is achieved.

  Further, the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) included in the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are provided. ) Are arranged at positions that can face the four magnets 4 provided in the electric motor 1, respectively. The first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) are short-circuited to each other. Therefore, the magnetic imbalance occurring in the armature coil 7 is canceled in the radial direction.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the first winding 61 and the other first winding 71 that are arranged in a point-symmetrical manner with respect to the rotation axis 5 are connected to each other by the connection line 25 a and the connection line 25 c. Connected by. Therefore, the first winding 61 and the other first winding 71 are connected in parallel by the connection line 25a and the connection line 25c. As described above, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are opposed to each other in a point-symmetrical manner around the rotation axis 5. The arranged windings 12 and 12 are connected in parallel by two connecting lines 12 and 12, respectively. For this reason, even if it is the 4-pole electric motor 1 like this embodiment, the armature 3 can be rotated by the electric power feeding from two places arrange | positioned at the angle of an electrical angle of 180 degree | times fundamentally. .

  Next, the winding structure of the armature coil 7 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16. FIG. 15 is a developed view of the armature, and FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the armature. A gap between adjacent teeth 9, 9 corresponds to the slot 11. 13 and 14, numbers are assigned to the segments 14 provided in the commutator 13 and the teeth 9 provided to the stator core 7, respectively.

  The electric motor 1 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention and the electric motor 1 according to the first embodiment described above differ only in the winding structure of the armature coil 7, and the other parts are the same. Therefore, hereinafter, only the winding structure of the armature coil 7 will be described, and description of other parts will be omitted.

  The armature coil 7 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention includes a first winding 110 and a second winding 120. In FIG. 15, the first conductive wire 110 is indicated by a solid line, and the second conductive wire 120 is indicated by a broken line. The armature coil 7 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conducting wire 110 and other first to ninth windings (from 71 to 71) formed by the second conducting wire 120. 79).

  The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are connected in series through nine connection lines 25, 25,. That is, the first winding 61, the connecting wire 25, the second winding 62, the connecting wire 25, the third winding 63, the connecting wire 25, the fourth winding 64, the connecting wire 25, and the fifth winding. Line 65, connection line 25, sixth winding 66, connection line 25, seventh winding 67, connection line 25, eighth winding 68, connection line 25, ninth winding 69, connection line 25 In this order, each is formed in series by the first conducting wire 110. In addition, the connection lines 25 connecting the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are connected to each other at a pair of opposing positions that are point-symmetric with respect to the rotation axis 5. The risers 15 and 15 formed in the segments 14 and 14 are electrically and mechanically connected.

  On the other hand, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are connected in series via nine connection lines 25, 25,. Yes. That is, the first winding 71, the connecting wire 25, the second winding 72, the connecting wire 25, the third winding 73, the connecting wire 25, the fourth winding 74, the connecting wire 25, the fifth winding. Line 75, connection line 25, sixth winding 76, connection line 25, seventh winding 77, connection line 25, eighth winding 78, connection line 25, ninth winding 79, connection line 25 In this order, the second conductive wire 110 is formed in series. Each of the connection lines 25 that connect the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) is a pair of segments that are arranged at opposite positions that are point-symmetric with respect to the rotation axis 5. 14 and 14 are electrically and mechanically connected to risers 15, 15 formed on 14, 14.

  The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are respectively connected to the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B) connected in series. 7M, 7N). Each of the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) is disposed at a substantially mechanical angle interval of 90 °, and the winding 12 is wound over substantially the entire circumference of the armature core 6. It is disguised. That is, each of the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) is disposed at a position that can be opposed to the four magnets 4 provided in the electric motor 1 substantially simultaneously.

  The first coil winding 7A is wound six times clockwise (forward) around the four adjacent teeth 9, 9, 9, 9, and the second coil winding 7B is the first coil Four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 around which the winding 7 </ b> A is wound are arranged at positions adjacent to each other in the right direction D <b> 1 across one tooth 9, and are adjacent to each other. 9 is wound 6 times counterclockwise (reverse direction).

  The third coil winding 7M is disposed at a position adjacent to the right direction D1 across the four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 around which the second coil winding 7B is wound, and is adjacent to each other 4 Six teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 are wound six times clockwise (forward direction), and the fourth coil winding 7 N has four teeth 9, 9 wound with a third coil winding 7 M. , 9 and 9 are arranged at positions adjacent to each other in the right direction D1 with one tooth 9 interposed therebetween, and surround the four adjacent teeth 9, 9, 9, and 9 in a counterclockwise direction (reverse direction). It is rolled up. That is, the first and third coil windings (7A, 7M) are wound in the same direction, and the second and fourth coil windings (7B, 7N) are the first and third coil windings (7A). , 7M).

  The end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected to one segment 14 of the commutator 13, and the end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N is connected to the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A. The segment 14 arranged at a point-symmetrical position with the rotation axis 5 as the center with respect to the segment 14 is connected to the segment 14 adjacent in the right direction D1.

  In the present embodiment, the first conducting wire 110 and the second conducting wire 120 are formed on the armature core 6 by a so-called double flyer-type winding machine, and teeth 9, 9 facing each other symmetrically about the rotation shaft 5. It is wound almost at the same time. The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series are formed by the first conducting wire 110, and the other first to ninth windings (71 are connected by the second conducting wire 120. 79) and a connecting line 25 connecting them in series.

  In this way, in the double flyer type winding machine, the first conducting wire 110 and the second conducting wire 120 are wound around the armature core 6, so that each winding of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) is wound. The wire 12 and the windings 12 of the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) corresponding to the wire 12 are wound in a state where the mechanical angle is shifted by 180 °. For example, a first coil winding (7A, 7A) and a second coil winding (7B, 7B) in the first winding 61 and the other first winding 71 formed on the armature 6 substantially simultaneously. The third coil winding (7M, 7M) and the fourth coil winding (7N, 7N) are arranged at positions where the mechanical angles are shifted from each other by 180 °.

  Hereinafter, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) formed by the first conductive wire 110 and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series will be described in detail from the first winding 61. FIG. The first winding 61 formed by the first conducting wire 110 has first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) connected in series, and the first coil The winding 7A is connected in series with a connection line 21a similarly formed from the first conducting wire 110, while the fourth coil winding 7N is connected to a connecting line 25b also formed from the first conducting wire 110. It is connected to a series.

  The end 40 which is the starting point of the connecting wire 25a formed from the first conducting wire 110 is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the 15th segment 14, and the connecting wire 25a The end 41, which is routed to D <b> 2 and is the end point of the connection line 25 a, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the sixth segment 14. Here, the 15th segment 14 and the 6th segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5. The end portion 41 of the connecting wire 25a and the end portion 30 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the first conducting wire 110 is After being connected to the sixth segment 14 at the portion 30, it is wound around the teeth 9.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through a slit 11a formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9, and a slit 11b formed between the 4th tooth 9 and the 5th tooth 9. The four teeth 9 from No. 1 to No. 4 that are adjacent to each other are surrounded by six turns clockwise (forward direction).

  The arrangement of the second coil winding 7B connected in series to the first coil winding 7A will be described below. The second coil winding 7B passes through a slit 11d formed between the ninth tooth 9 and the tenth tooth 9, and a slit 11c formed between the fifth tooth 9 and the sixth tooth 9. It is adjacent to the 1st to 4th teeth 9 with the 5th tooth 9 in between, and surrounds the 4th to 9th teeth 9 adjacent to each other, and is opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A. It is wound six times counterclockwise (reverse direction). The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (N pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the first coil winding 7A. The coil 7 is wound in the opposite direction to the winding A.

  The arrangement of the third coil winding 7M connected in series with the second coil winding 7B will be described below. The third coil winding 7M passes through a slit 11d formed between the 9th tooth 9 and the 10th tooth 9 and a slit 11e formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9; A watch that is opposite to the winding direction of the second coil winding 7B by surrounding the four teeth 9 adjacent to each other and adjacent to the four teeth 9 from the 6th to the 9th. Wound 6 times around (forward direction). The third coil winding 7M is opposed to the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (S pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the second coil winding 7B. The coil winding 7B is wound in the opposite direction.

  The arrangement of the fourth coil winding 7N connected in series with the third coil winding 7M will be described below. The fourth coil winding 7N passes through a slit 11a formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 19th tooth 9 and a slit 11f formed between the 14th tooth 9 and the 15th tooth 9; The winding direction of the third coil winding 7M with the four teeth 9 from No. 10 to No. 13 surrounding the four teeth No. 15 to No. 18 that are adjacent to each other with the No. 14 teeth 9 therebetween. Is wound six times counterclockwise (in the reverse direction), which is the opposite direction. The fourth coil winding 7N faces the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity of the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) opposed to the third coil winding 7M. The coil winding 7M is wound in the opposite direction.

  The end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N is arranged at a point-symmetrical position around the rotation axis 5 with reference to the sixth segment 14 to which the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected. The 15th segment 14 is connected to the riser 15 formed in the 16th segment 14 adjacent in the right direction D1.

  The first winding 61 and the second winding 62 wound around the armature core 6 following the first winding 61 are connected in series by a connection line 25 b formed by the first conducting wire 110. The end portion 42 which is the starting point of the connection line 25b and the end portion 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N included in the first winding 61 are connected in series, and the end portion 42 is the riser of the 16th segment 14 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25 b is routed in the left direction D <b> 2, and the end 43, which is the end point of the connection line 25 b, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the seventh segment 14. Here, the 16th segment 14 and the 7th segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5.

  The end portion 43 of the connection line 25b and the end portion 32 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 that is wound around the first winding 61 are connected in series. . The first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 is formed between the slit 11g formed between the first tooth 9 and the second tooth 9, and between the fifth tooth 9 and the sixth tooth 9. Is wound six times clockwise around the four teeth 9 from No. 2 to No. 5. Thereafter, the same steps as described above are repeated, and the armature core 6 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and nine connection lines 25.

  In this way, the windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are divided into the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N), respectively, and the armature core 6 It is wound around. Therefore, compared to the case of winding without dividing, the number of crossover wires 7C extending from one slot 11 to another slot 11 is small, and the thickness of the bundle of crossover wires 7C is small.

  A single first conducting wire 110 is routed in series in the armature core 6 and the commutator 13, thereby forming first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and connecting lines 25 that connect them in series. Has been. For this reason, the time required for the winding work is shortened compared to the case where the connecting wire is routed to the commutator 13 in advance and then the winding is routed, and the connecting wire and the winding are mounted on the armature core and the commutator. Is simplified.

  As described above, the windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the corresponding windings 12 of the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are so-called. In a double flyer type winding machine, the coils are wound substantially simultaneously on teeth 9 that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation shaft 5 of the armature core 6.

  Therefore, the other windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (71 to 79) corresponding to the windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are shifted from each other in mechanical angle by 180 °. It is wound around the armature core 6 in the state. That is, the other first winding 71 is wound around the armature core 6 with a mechanical angle of 180 ° with respect to the first winding 61, and the other second winding 72 is The second winding 62 is wound around the armature core 6 with a mechanical angle shifted by 180 °, and the other third winding 73 has a mechanical angle with respect to the third winding 63. The armature core 6 is wound around the armature core 6 in a state shifted by 180 °, and the other fourth winding 74 is wound around the armature core 6 in a state where the mechanical angle is shifted by 180 ° with respect to the fourth winding 64. Be dressed.

  Similarly, the other fifth winding 75 is wound around the armature core 6 with a mechanical angle of 180 ° with respect to the fifth winding 65, and the other sixth winding 76 is The sixth winding 66 is wound around the armature core 6 with the mechanical angle being shifted by 180 ° from each other, and the other seventh winding 77 is mechanically connected to the seventh winding 67. The armature core 6 is wound around the armature core 6 in a state where the angle is shifted by 180 °, and the other eighth winding 78 is in a state where the mechanical angle is shifted from the eighth winding 68 by 180 °. The other ninth winding 79 is wound around the armature core 6 with a mechanical angle of 180 ° with respect to the ninth winding 69.

  Hereinafter, the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) formed by the second conducting wire 120 and the connection line 25 connecting them in series will be described in detail from the other first windings 71. .

  The other first winding 71 formed by the second conducting wire 120 includes a first coil winding 7A, a second coil winding 7B connected in series with the first coil winding 7B, and a second coil winding 7B. A first coil winding having a third coil winding 7M connected in series with the first coil winding 7B and a fourth coil winding 7N connected in series with the third coil winding 7M. 7A is connected in series with a connection line 21c also formed from the second conductive wire 120, while the fourth coil winding 7N is connected to a connection line 25d also formed from the second conductive wire 120. It is connected to.

  The end 45 which is the starting point of the connecting line 25c is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the sixth segment 14, and the connecting line 25c is routed in the left direction D2 and is the end point of the connecting line 25c. Is connected to the riser 15 of the 15th segment 12 electrically and mechanically. Here, the sixth segment 14 and the fifteenth segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5. The end portion 46 of the connection line 25c and the end portion 34 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the second conducting wire 120 is the end portion. After 34 is connected to the 15th segment 9, it is wound around the teeth 9.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through a slit 11d formed between the 9th tooth 9 and the 10th tooth 9 and a slit 11e formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9 and is close to each other. The four teeth 9 from No. 10 to No. 13 are wrapped six times clockwise (forward direction).

  The arrangement of the second coil winding 7B connected in series to the first coil winding 7A will be described below. The second coil winding 7B passes through a slit 11a formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9 and a slit 11f formed between the 14th tooth 9 and the 15th tooth 9 and the 10th. To the four teeth 9 of No. 13 to No. 13, surrounding the four teeth 9 of No. 15 to No. 18 that are adjacent to each other in the right direction D1 across the No. 14 tooth 9 and are adjacent to each other. The wire is wound six times in the counterclockwise direction (reverse direction) opposite to the winding direction of the wire 7A. The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (N pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the first coil winding 7A. The coil 7 is wound in the opposite direction to the winding A.

  The arrangement of the third coil winding 7M connected in series with the second coil winding 7B will be described below. The third coil winding 7M passes through a slit 11a formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9, and a slit 11b formed between the 4th tooth 9 and the 5th tooth 9. A watch that is opposite to the winding direction of the second coil winding 7B by surrounding the four teeth 9 adjacent to each other and adjacent to the four teeth 9 from the 15th to the 18th. Wound 6 times around (forward direction). The third coil winding 7M is opposed to the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (S pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the second coil winding 7B. The coil winding 7B is wound in the opposite direction.

  The arrangement of the fourth coil winding 7N connected in series with the third coil winding 7M will be described below. The fourth coil winding 7N passes through a slit 11d formed between the ninth tooth 9 and the tenth tooth 9, and a slit 11c formed between the fifth tooth 9 and the sixth tooth 9. The winding direction of the third coil winding 7M with the four teeth 9 from No. 1 to No. 4 surrounding the four teeth 9 from No. 6 to No. 9 that are adjacent to each other with the No. 5 tooth 9 in between. Is wound six times counterclockwise (in the reverse direction), which is the opposite direction. The fourth coil winding 7N faces the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity of the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) opposed to the third coil winding 7M. The coil winding 7M is wound in the opposite direction.

  The end portion 35 of the fourth coil winding 7N is arranged at a point-symmetrical position around the rotation axis 5 with reference to the 15th segment 14 to which the end portion 34 of the first coil winding 7A is connected. The 6th segment 14 is connected to the riser 15 formed in the 7th segment 14 adjacent in the right direction D1.

  The other first winding 71 and the other second winding 72 are connected in series by a connection line 25d similarly formed by the second winding 120. The end portion 47 which is the starting point of the connection line 25d and the end portion 35 of the fourth coil winding 7N provided in the other first winding 71 are connected in series, and the end portion 47 is connected to the seventh segment 14. The riser 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25d is routed in the left direction D2, and the end 48 which is the end point of the connection line 25d is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 of the sixteenth segment 14. Here, the seventh segment 14 and the sixteenth segment 14 are arranged at positions that are point-symmetrically opposed about the rotation axis 5.

  The end portion 48 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the other second winding 72 that is continuously wound around the other first winding 71, and the end portion 36 of the connection line 25d are a series. It is connected. The first coil winding 7 </ b> A of the other second winding 72 includes a slit 11 i formed between the 10 th tooth 9 and the 11 th tooth 9, and the 14 th tooth 9 and the 15 th tooth 9. It passes through a slit 11f formed between them and is wound 12 times clockwise around four teeth 9 from No. 11 to No. 14. Thereafter, the same process as described above is repeated, and the armature core 6 includes other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) and nine connection lines 25.

  Thus, each winding 12 of the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) is divided into the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N), and the armature core. 6, the thickness of the bundle of the crossover wires 7 </ b> C extending from one slot 11 to the other slot 11 is smaller than in the case of winding without dividing. Further, the single first winding 71 is routed to the armature core 6 and the commutator 13, so that the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) and the connection line 25 connecting them in series. Is made. For this reason, the time required for the winding work is shortened compared to those in which the connection line is routed to the commutator 13 in advance and then the winding is routed, and the connection line and the winding to the armature core and the commutator are reduced. Installation is simple.

  Thus, the respective windings 12 of the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are the first to fourth coil windings. It is divided into (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) and is wound around the armature core 6, and the thickness of the bundle of the crossover wires 7C is reduced. Therefore, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 72) that are wound so as to overlap sequentially from the outside of each winding 12 that has already been wound. In the armature coil 7 formed by the above, the winding thickness due to the overlapping of the crossover wires 7C is reduced.

  Thereby, size reduction of the axial direction which is a part in which the crossover 7C exists is achieved. Further, by reducing the winding thickness, the first and second conducting wires 110 and 120 can be easily inserted into the slot 11, and the ratio of the winding 12 to be closed in the space in the slot 11, that is, the space factor is improved. . For this reason, the space in the slot 11 can be reduced, and the radial dimension of the armature core 6 can be reduced. Thereby, the miniaturization of the electric motor 1 as a whole is achieved.

  Further, the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) included in the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) are provided. ) Are arranged at positions that can face the four magnets 4 provided in the electric motor 1, respectively. The first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) are short-circuited to each other. Therefore, the magnetic imbalance occurring in the armature coil 7 is canceled in the radial direction.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the first winding 61 and the other first winding 71 that are arranged in a point-symmetrical manner with respect to the rotation axis 5 are connected to each other as a connection line 25 a and a connection line 25 c. Connected by. Therefore, the first winding 61 and the other first winding 71 are connected in parallel by the connection line 25a and the connection line 25c. In this way, the windings 12 arranged at positions shifted from each other by a mechanical angle of 180 ° among the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79). , 12 are connected in parallel by two connecting lines 25, 25, respectively. For this reason, even if it is the 4-pole electric motor 1 like this embodiment, the armature 3 can be rotated by the electric power feeding from two places arrange | positioned at the angle of an electrical angle of 180 degree | times fundamentally. .

  Next, a winding structure of the armature coil 7 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 19 and 20. FIG. 19 is a developed view of the armature, and FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the armature. A gap between adjacent teeth 9, 9 corresponds to the slot 11. In FIGS. 19 and 20, each segment 14 provided in the commutator 13 and each tooth 9 provided in the stator core 7 are numbered.

  Note that the electric motor 1 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention and the electric motor 1 according to the first embodiment described above differ only in the winding structure of the armature coil 7, and the other parts are the same. Therefore, hereinafter, only the winding structure of the armature coil 7 will be described, and description of other parts will be omitted (the same applies to the following embodiments).

  Moreover, in the following embodiment, the armature coil 7 is provided with the 1st conducting wire 110 and the 2nd conducting wire 120, and these 1st conducting wire 110 and the 2nd conducting wire 120 are what is called a double flyer type. The first conductive wire 110 is wound around the teeth 9, 9,... Formed on the armature core 6 by a winding machine and located at a point-symmetrical position about the rotation shaft 5 at the same time. The first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and the connecting wire 25 connecting them in series are formed, and the second conductive wire 120 connects the other first to ninth windings (71 to 79) and connecting them in series. Since the connection line 25 connected to is similar to the sixth embodiment described above, the second conductor 120 is not shown in the development view of the armature (for example, FIG. 19), and the first Lead wire 110 Shown, described winding arrangement of the first conductor 110.

  Here, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are connected in series through nine connection lines 25, 25,... Which are also formed from the first conducting wire 110. . That is, the first winding 61, the connecting wire 25, the second winding 62, the connecting wire 25, the third winding 63, the connecting wire 25, the fourth winding 64, the connecting wire 25, and the fifth winding. Line 65, connection line 25, sixth winding 66, connection line 25, seventh winding 67, connection line 25, eighth winding 68, connection line 25, ninth winding 69, connection line 25 In this order, each is formed in series by the first conducting wire 110. Further, the connection lines 25 connecting the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are connected to each other at a pair of opposing positions which are point-symmetric with respect to the rotation axis 5. It is electrically and mechanically connected to risers 15 and 15 formed in the segments 14 and 14 (the same applies to the following embodiments).

  In the electric motor 1 of the seventh embodiment of the present invention, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) are respectively connected to the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M) connected in series. 7N). Each of the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) is disposed at an interval of about 90 ° mechanical angle, and the winding 12 is wound over substantially the entire circumference of the armature core 6. It is disguised. That is, each of the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) is disposed at a position that can be opposed to the four magnets 4 provided in the electric motor 1 substantially simultaneously.

  The first coil winding 7A is wound six times clockwise (forward) around the four adjacent teeth 9, 9, 9, 9, and the second coil winding 7B is the first coil The four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 around which the winding 7 </ b> A is wound are arranged at positions adjacent to each other in the right direction D <b> 1 and surround the four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 adjacent to each other in the counterclockwise direction. It is wound 6 times in the reverse direction.

  The third coil winding 7M is arranged at a position adjacent to the right direction D1 across one tooth 9 with respect to the four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 around which the second coil winding 7B is wound. The four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 adjacent to each other are wound six times clockwise (forward direction), and the fourth coil winding 7 N is wound with the third coil winding 7 M. Six teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 are placed in positions adjacent to each other in the right direction D 1, and are wound six times counterclockwise (reverse direction) around the four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 adjacent to each other. It is burned. That is, the first and third coil windings (7A, 7M) are wound in the same direction, and the second and fourth coil windings (7B, 7N) are the first and third coil windings (7A). , 7M).

  The end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected to one segment 14 of the commutator 13, and the end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N is connected to the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A. The segment 14 is connected to the segment 14 adjacent in the left direction D2.

  More specifically, the first winding 61 formed by the first conducting wire 110 has first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) connected in series, respectively. The first coil winding 7 </ b> A is connected in series with a connection line 25 a that is also formed from the first conducting wire 110, while the fourth coil winding 7 </ b> N is also formed from the first conducting wire 110. Are connected in series to the connecting line 25b.

  The end 40 which is the starting point of the connecting wire 25a formed from the first conducting wire 110 is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the eighth segment 14, and the connecting wire 25a The end portion 41, which is routed to D <b> 2 and is the end point of the connection line 25 a, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the 17th segment 14. Here, the No. 8 segment 14 and the No. 17 segment 14 are arranged at point-symmetrical positions around the rotation axis 5. The end portion 41 of the connecting wire 25a and the end portion 30 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the first conducting wire 110 is After being connected to the 17th segment 14 at the part 30, it is wound around the teeth 9.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through the slit 11 formed between the fifth tooth 9 and the sixth tooth 9, and the slit 11 formed between the ninth tooth 9 and the tenth tooth 9, It is wound six times clockwise (forward direction) around four teeth 9 from No. 6 to No. 9 that are close to each other.

Next, the arrangement of the second coil winding 7B connected in series to the first coil winding 7A will be described below.
The second coil winding 7B passes through the slit 11 formed between the 9th tooth 9 and the 10th tooth 9 and the slit 11 formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9; Counterclockwise that is the direction opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A by surrounding the four teeth 9 of Nos. 10 to 13 adjacent to and adjacent to the Nos. 1 to 4 teeth 9 Wound 6 times in the reverse direction. The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (S pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the first coil winding 7A. The coil 7 is wound in the opposite direction to the winding A.

Next, the arrangement of the third coil winding 7M connected in series with the second coil winding 7B will be described below.
The third coil winding 7M passes through the slit 11 formed between the 14th tooth 9 and the 15th tooth 9 and the slit 11 formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9; The four teeth 9 from No. 10 to No. 13 are wound around the four teeth 9 from No. 15 to No. 18 that are adjacent to each other with the No. 14 tooth 9 in between and adjacent to each other. It is wound six times in the clockwise direction (forward direction) which is the direction opposite to the direction. The third coil winding 7M is opposed to the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity of the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) opposed to the second coil winding 7B. The coil winding 7B is wound in the opposite direction.

Next, the arrangement of the fourth coil winding 7N connected in series with the third coil winding 7M will be described below.
The fourth coil winding 7N passes through a slit 11 formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9 and a slit 11 formed between the 4th tooth 9 and the 5th tooth 9; The four teeth 9 adjacent to the 15th to 18th teeth 9 and adjacent to the 4th teeth 9 adjacent to the 1st to 4th are surrounded by a direction opposite to the winding direction of the third coil winding 7M. It is wound six times counterclockwise (reverse direction). The fourth coil winding 7N faces the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (S pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the third coil winding 7M. The coil winding 7M is wound in the opposite direction.

The end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N is a riser 15 formed in the 16th segment 14 adjacent in the left direction D2 to the 17th segment 14 to which the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected. Connected to.
Here, the end 30 of the first coil winding 7 </ b> A and the end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7 </ b> N are connected to the segments 14 so as to be wound around a part of the rotating shaft 5. ing. For this reason, each end part 30 and 31 will be in the twisted state under the neck of the commutator 13, and it can reduce winding thickness.

  The first winding 61 and the second winding 62 wound around the armature core 6 following the first winding 61 are connected in series by a connection line 25 b formed by the first conducting wire 110. The end portion 42 which is the starting point of the connection line 25b and the end portion 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N included in the first winding 61 are connected in series, and the end portion 42 is the riser of the 16th segment 14 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25 b is routed in the left direction D <b> 2, and the end 43, which is the end point of the connection line 25 b, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the seventh segment 14. Here, the 16th segment 14 and the 7th segment 14 are arranged at point-symmetrical positions around the rotation axis 5.

The end portion 43 of the connection line 25b and the end portion 32 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 that is wound around the first winding 61 are connected in series. Yes. The first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 is formed between the slit 11 formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9 and between the 17th tooth 9 and the 18th tooth 9. Is wound six times clockwise around the four teeth 9 from No. 14 to No. 17. Thereafter, the same steps as described above are repeated, and the armature core 6 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and nine connection lines 25.
Therefore, according to the above-mentioned seventh embodiment, in addition to the same effects as those of the above-described sixth embodiment, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the commutator 13 below the neck.

  Next, based on FIGS. 21 and 22, the winding structure of the armature coil 7 of the eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 21 is a developed view of the armature, and FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the armature. A gap between adjacent teeth 9, 9 corresponds to the slot 11. 21 and 22, numbers are assigned to the segments 14 provided in the commutator 13 and the teeth 9 provided in the stator core 7, respectively.

  Here, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) have first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, and 7N) connected in series, respectively. Each of the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) is disposed at an interval of about 90 ° mechanical angle, and the winding 12 is wound over substantially the entire circumference of the armature core 6. It is disguised. That is, each of the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) is disposed at a position that can be opposed to the four magnets 4 provided in the electric motor 1 substantially simultaneously.

  The first coil winding 7A is wound six times clockwise (forward) around the four adjacent teeth 9, 9, 9, 9, and the second coil winding 7B is the first coil The four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 around which the winding 7 </ b> A is wound surround the four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 that exist in the right direction D <b> 1 across the five teeth 9 and that are adjacent to each other. Is wound six times in the clockwise direction (forward direction).

  The third coil winding 7M is arranged at a position adjacent to the right direction D1 with respect to the four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 around which the second coil winding 7B is wound, and is adjacent to the four teeth. 9, 9, 9 and 9 are wound counterclockwise (reverse direction) 6 times, and the fourth coil winding 7 </ b> N is composed of four teeth 9, 9, around which the third coil winding 7 </ b> M is wound. 9, 9 is wound six times counterclockwise (reverse direction) around the four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 that exist in the left direction D <b> 2 across the five teeth 9. That is, the first and second coil windings (7A, 7B) are wound in the same direction, and the third and fourth coil windings (7M, 7N) are the first and second coil windings (7A). , 7B). Further, the fourth coil winding 7N is disposed between the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding 7B and at a position adjacent to the first coil winding 7A. It will be.

  The end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected to one segment 14 of the commutator 13, and the end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N is connected to the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A. The segment 14 is connected to the segment 14 adjacent in the left direction D2.

  More specifically, the first winding 61 formed by the first conducting wire 110 has first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) connected in series, respectively. The first coil winding 7 </ b> A is connected in series with a connection line 25 a that is also formed from the first conducting wire 110, while the fourth coil winding 7 </ b> N is also formed from the first conducting wire 110. Are connected in series to the connecting line 25b.

  The end 40 which is the starting point of the connecting wire 25a formed from the first conducting wire 110 is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the eighth segment 14, and the connecting wire 25a The end portion 41, which is routed to D <b> 2 and is the end point of the connection line 25 a, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the 17th segment 14. Here, the No. 8 segment 14 and the No. 17 segment 14 are arranged at point-symmetrical positions around the rotation axis 5. The end portion 41 of the connecting wire 25a and the end portion 30 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the first conducting wire 110 is After being connected to the 17th segment 14 at the part 30, it is wound around the teeth 9.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through the slit 11 formed between the fifth tooth 9 and the sixth tooth 9, and the slit 11 formed between the ninth tooth 9 and the tenth tooth 9, It is wound six times clockwise (forward direction) around four teeth 9 from No. 6 to No. 9 that are close to each other.

Next, the arrangement of the second coil winding 7B connected in series to the first coil winding 7A will be described below.
The second coil winding 7B passes through the slit 11 formed between the 14th tooth 9 and the 15th tooth 9 and the slit 11 formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9; The winding direction of the first coil winding 7 </ b> A surrounding the four adjacent teeth 15 to 18, where the five teeth 9 are blown in the right direction D <b> 1 with respect to the first to fourth teeth 9. Is wound six times in the clockwise direction (forward direction). The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the same magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) as the polarity of the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) opposed to the first coil winding 7A. It is wound in the same direction as line A.

Next, the arrangement of the third coil winding 7M connected in series with the second coil winding 7B will be described below.
The third coil winding 7M passes through a slit 11 formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9 and a slit 11 formed between the 4th tooth 9 and the 5th tooth 9; A counterclockwise clock that is adjacent to the four teeth 9 of No. 15 to No. 18 and surrounds the four teeth 9 of No. 1 to No. 4 in the opposite direction to the winding direction of the second coil winding 7B. Wound 6 times around (reverse direction). The third coil winding 7M is opposed to the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (S pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the second coil winding 7B. The coil winding 7B is wound in the opposite direction.

Next, the arrangement of the fourth coil winding 7N connected in series with the third coil winding 7M will be described below.
The fourth coil winding 7N passes through the slit 11 formed between the 9th tooth 9 and the 10th tooth 9 and the slit 11 formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9; The third coil winding surrounds the four teeth 9 from No. 10 to No. 13 that are adjacent to the four teeth 9 from No. 1 to No. 4 and the five teeth 9 are left in the left direction D2. It is wound six times counterclockwise (reverse direction), which is the same direction as the winding direction of 7M. The fourth coil winding 7N is opposed to the same magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) with respect to the polarity of the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) opposed to the third coil winding 7M. It is wound in the same direction as the winding 7M.

The end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N is a riser 15 formed in the 16th segment 14 adjacent in the left direction D2 to the 17th segment 14 to which the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected. Connected to.
Here, the end 30 of the first coil winding 7 </ b> A and the end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7 </ b> N are connected to the segments 14 so as to be wound around a part of the rotating shaft 5. ing. For this reason, each end part 30 and 31 will be in the twisted state under the neck of the commutator 13, and it can reduce winding thickness.

  The first winding 61 and the second winding 62 wound around the armature core 6 following the first winding 61 are connected in series by a connection line 25 b formed by the first conducting wire 110. The end portion 42 which is the starting point of the connection line 25b and the end portion 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N included in the first winding 61 are connected in series, and the end portion 42 is the riser of the 16th segment 14 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25 b is routed in the left direction D <b> 2, and the end 43, which is the end point of the connection line 25 b, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the seventh segment 14. Here, the 16th segment 14 and the 7th segment 14 are arranged at point-symmetrical positions around the rotation axis 5.

The end portion 43 of the connection line 25b and the end portion 32 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 that is wound around the first winding 61 are connected in series. Yes. The first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 is formed between the slit 11 formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9 and between the 17th tooth 9 and the 18th tooth 9. Is wound six times clockwise around the four teeth 9 from No. 14 to No. 17. Thereafter, the same steps as described above are repeated, and the armature core 6 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and nine connection lines 25.
Therefore, according to the above-described eighth embodiment, the same effect as in the above-described seventh embodiment can be achieved.

  Next, based on FIG. 23 and FIG. 24, the winding structure of the armature coil 7 of the ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 23 is a developed view of the armature, and FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of the armature. A gap between adjacent teeth 9 and 9 corresponds to the slot 11. 23 and FIG. 24, numbers are assigned to the segments 14 included in the commutator 13 and the teeth 9 included in the stator core 7, respectively.

  Here, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) have first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, and 7N) connected in series, respectively. Each of the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) is disposed at an interval of about 90 ° mechanical angle, and the winding 12 is wound over substantially the entire circumference of the armature core 6. It is disguised. That is, each of the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) is disposed at a position that can be opposed to the four magnets 4 provided in the electric motor 1 substantially simultaneously.

  The first coil winding 7A is wound six times clockwise (forward) around the four adjacent teeth 9, 9, 9, 9, and the second coil winding 7B is the first coil Four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 around which the winding 7 </ b> A is wound are arranged at positions adjacent to each other in the right direction D <b> 1 across one tooth 9, and are adjacent to each other. 9 is wound 6 times counterclockwise (reverse direction).

  The third coil winding 7M is arranged at a position adjacent to the four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 around which the second coil winding 7B is wound in the right direction D1, and is adjacent to the four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 is wound six times counterclockwise (reverse direction), and the fourth coil winding 7 </ b> N includes four teeth 9, 9, 9, around which the third coil winding 7 </ b> M is wound. 9 is disposed at a position adjacent to the right direction D1 with one tooth 9 interposed therebetween, and is wound six times clockwise (forward direction) around four adjacent teeth 9, 9, 9, 9. That is, the first and third coil windings (7A, 7M) are wound in the same direction, and the second and fourth coil windings (7B, 7N) are the first and third coil windings (7A). , 7M).

  The end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected to one segment 14 of the commutator 13, and the end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N is connected to the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A. The segment 14 is connected to the segment 14 adjacent in the left direction D2.

  More specifically, the first winding 61 formed by the first conducting wire 110 has first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) connected in series, respectively. The first coil winding 7 </ b> A is connected in series with a connection line 25 a that is also formed from the first conducting wire 110, while the fourth coil winding 7 </ b> N is also formed from the first conducting wire 110. Are connected in series to the connecting line 25b.

  The end 40 which is the starting point of the connecting wire 25a formed from the first conducting wire 110 is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the eighth segment 14, and the connecting wire 25a The end portion 41, which is routed to D <b> 2 and is the end point of the connection line 25 a, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the 17th segment 14. Here, the No. 8 segment 14 and the No. 17 segment 14 are arranged at point-symmetrical positions around the rotation axis 5. The end portion 41 of the connecting wire 25a and the end portion 30 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the first conducting wire 110 is After being connected to the 17th segment 14 at the part 30, it is wound around the teeth 9.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through the slit 11 formed between the fifth tooth 9 and the sixth tooth 9, and the slit 11 formed between the ninth tooth 9 and the tenth tooth 9, It is wound six times clockwise (forward direction) around four teeth 9 from No. 6 to No. 9 that are close to each other.

Next, the arrangement of the second coil winding 7B connected in series to the first coil winding 7A will be described below.
The second coil winding 7B passes through the slit 11 formed between the 10th tooth 9 and the 11th tooth 9 and the slit 11 formed between the 14th tooth 9 and the 15th tooth 9; Surrounding four teeth 9 from No. 11 to No. 14 that are adjacent to each other with No. 6 teeth from No. 6 to No. 9 and that are adjacent to each other, reverse to the winding direction of the first coil winding 7A Is wound six times counterclockwise (reverse direction). Since the second coil winding 7B faces a magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) different from the polarity (S pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the first coil winding 7A, the first coil winding 7B It is wound in the opposite direction to line A.

Next, the arrangement of the third coil winding 7M connected in series with the second coil winding 7B will be described below.
The third coil winding 7M passes through the slit 11 formed between the 14th tooth 9 and the 15th tooth 9 and the slit 11 formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9; Clockwise that is the direction opposite to the winding direction of the second coil winding 7B, surrounding the four teeth 9 of Nos. 15 to 18 adjacent to and adjacent to the four teeth 9 of No. 11 to No. 14 Wound 6 times in the forward direction. The third coil winding 7M is opposed to the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity of the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) opposed to the second coil winding 7B. The coil winding 7B is wound in the opposite direction.

Next, the arrangement of the fourth coil winding 7N connected in series with the third coil winding 7M will be described below.
The fourth coil winding 7N passes through the slit 11 formed between the first tooth 9 and the second tooth 9, and the slit 11 formed between the fifth tooth 9 and the sixth tooth 9. The four coils 9 from No. 15 to No. 18 are surrounded by four teeth 9 from No. 2 to No. 5 that are adjacent to each other with one tooth 9 therebetween and close to each other. It is wound six times counterclockwise (reverse direction), which is the direction opposite to the winding direction. Since the fourth coil winding 7N is opposed to a different magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) with respect to the polarity of the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) opposed to the third coil winding 7M, the third coil It is wound in the opposite direction to the winding 7M.

The end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N is a riser 15 formed in the 16th segment 14 adjacent in the left direction D2 to the 17th segment 14 to which the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected. Connected to.
Here, the end 30 of the first coil winding 7 </ b> A and the end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7 </ b> N are connected to the segments 14 so as to be wound around a part of the rotating shaft 5. ing. For this reason, each end part 30 and 31 will be in the twisted state under the neck of the commutator 13, and it can reduce winding thickness.

  The first winding 61 and the second winding 62 wound around the armature core 6 following the first winding 61 are connected in series by a connection line 25 b formed by the first conducting wire 110. The end portion 42 which is the starting point of the connection line 25b and the end portion 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N included in the first winding 61 are connected in series, and the end portion 42 is the riser of the 16th segment 14 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25 b is routed in the left direction D <b> 2, and the end 43, which is the end point of the connection line 25 b, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the seventh segment 14. Here, the 16th segment 14 and the 7th segment 14 are arranged at point-symmetrical positions around the rotation axis 5.

The end portion 43 of the connection line 25b and the end portion 32 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 that is wound around the first winding 61 are connected in series. Yes. The first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 is formed between the slit 11 formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9 and between the 17th tooth 9 and the 18th tooth 9. Is wound six times clockwise around the four teeth 9 from No. 14 to No. 17. Thereafter, the same steps as described above are repeated, and the armature core 6 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and nine connection lines 25.
Therefore, according to the ninth embodiment described above, it is possible to achieve the same effects as those of the seventh embodiment described above.

  Next, based on FIG. 25 and FIG. 26, the winding structure of the armature coil 7 of the tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 25 is a developed view of the armature, and FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the armature. A gap between adjacent teeth 9 and 9 corresponds to the slot 11. 25 and 26, numbers are assigned to the segments 14 included in the commutator 13 and the teeth 9 included in the stator core 7, respectively.

  Here, the first to ninth windings (61 to 69) have first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, and 7N) connected in series, respectively. Each of the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) is disposed at an interval of about a mechanical angle of 90 °, and the winding 12 is wound over substantially the entire circumference of the armature core 6. It is disguised. That is, each of the first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) is disposed at a position that can be opposed to the four magnets 4 provided in the electric motor 1 substantially simultaneously.

  The first coil winding 7A is wound six times clockwise (forward) around the four adjacent teeth 9, 9, 9, 9, and the second coil winding 7B is the first coil The four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 around which the winding 7 </ b> A is wound surround the four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 that exist in the right direction D <b> 1 across the five teeth 9 and that are adjacent to each other. Is wound six times in the clockwise direction (forward direction).

  The third coil winding 7M is arranged at a position adjacent to the right direction D1 across one tooth 9 with respect to the four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 around which the second coil winding 7B is wound. The four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 surrounding each other are wound six times counterclockwise (reverse direction), and the fourth coil winding 7 N is wound with the third coil winding 7 M Four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 are present in the left direction D 2 across the five teeth 9, and surround the four teeth 9, 9, 9, 9 adjacent to each other counterclockwise (reverse direction) ) Is wound 6 times. That is, the first and second coil windings (7A, 7B) are wound in the same direction, and the third and fourth coil windings (7M, 7N) are the first and second coil windings (7A). , 7B). Further, the fourth coil winding 7N is disposed between the first coil winding 7A and the second coil winding 7B and at a position adjacent to the second coil winding 7B. It will be.

  The end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected to one segment 14 of the commutator 13, and the end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N is connected to the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A. The segment 14 is connected to the segment 14 adjacent in the left direction D2.

  More specifically, the first winding 61 formed by the first conducting wire 110 has first to fourth coil windings (7A, 7B, 7M, 7N) connected in series, respectively. The first coil winding 7 </ b> A is connected in series with a connection line 25 a that is also formed from the first conducting wire 110, while the fourth coil winding 7 </ b> N is also formed from the first conducting wire 110. Are connected in series to the connecting line 25b.

  The end 40 which is the starting point of the connecting wire 25a formed from the first conducting wire 110 is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the eighth segment 14, and the connecting wire 25a The end portion 41, which is routed to D <b> 2 and is the end point of the connection line 25 a, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the 17th segment 14. Here, the No. 8 segment 14 and the No. 17 segment 14 are arranged at point-symmetrical positions around the rotation axis 5. The end portion 41 of the connecting wire 25a and the end portion 30 which is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A are connected in series, and the first coil winding 7A formed by the first conducting wire 110 is After being connected to the 17th segment 14 at the part 30, it is wound around the teeth 9.

  The first coil winding 7A passes through the slit 11 formed between the fifth tooth 9 and the sixth tooth 9, and the slit 11 formed between the ninth tooth 9 and the tenth tooth 9, It is wound six times clockwise (forward direction) around four teeth 9 from No. 6 to No. 9 that are close to each other.

Next, the arrangement of the second coil winding 7B connected in series to the first coil winding 7A will be described below.
The second coil winding 7B passes through the slit 11 formed between the 14th tooth 9 and the 15th tooth 9 and the slit 11 formed between the 18th tooth 9 and the 1st tooth 9; The winding direction of the first coil winding 7 </ b> A surrounding the four adjacent teeth 15 to 18, where the five teeth 9 are blown in the right direction D <b> 1 with respect to the sixth to ninth teeth 9. Is wound six times in the clockwise direction (forward direction). The second coil winding 7B is opposed to the same magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) as the polarity of the magnetic pole (S pole in the figure) opposed to the first coil winding 7A. It is wound in the same direction as line A.

Next, the arrangement of the third coil winding 7M connected in series with the second coil winding 7B will be described below.
The third coil winding 7M passes through the slit 11 formed between the first tooth 9 and the second tooth 9, and the slit 11 formed between the fifth tooth 9 and the sixth tooth 9. The four teeth 9 of No. 15 to No. 18 are adjacent to each other with one tooth 9 interposed therebetween and surround the four teeth 9 of No. 2 to No. 5 adjacent to each other, and the winding direction of the second coil winding 7B It is wound six times in the counterclockwise direction (reverse direction) which is the reverse direction. The third coil winding 7M is opposed to the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) having a different polarity with respect to the polarity (S pole in the figure) of the magnetic pole opposed to the second coil winding 7B. The coil winding 7B is wound in the opposite direction.

Next, the arrangement of the fourth coil winding 7N connected in series with the third coil winding 7M will be described below.
The fourth coil winding 7N passes through the slit 11 formed between the 9th tooth 9 and the 10th tooth 9 and the slit 11 formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9; A third coil winding surrounds the four teeth 9 adjacent to each other of the four teeth 9 from No. 1 to No. 4 that are adjacent to each other after the five teeth 9 are blown in the left direction D2. It is wound six times counterclockwise (reverse direction), which is the same direction as the winding direction of 7M. The fourth coil winding 7N is opposed to the same magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) with respect to the polarity of the magnetic pole (N pole in the figure) opposed to the third coil winding 7M. It is wound in the same direction as the winding 7M.

The end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N is a riser 15 formed in the 16th segment 14 adjacent in the left direction D2 to the 17th segment 14 to which the end 30 of the first coil winding 7A is connected. Connected to.
Here, the end 30 of the first coil winding 7 </ b> A and the end 31 of the fourth coil winding 7 </ b> N are connected to the segments 14 so as to be wound around a part of the rotating shaft 5. ing. For this reason, each end part 30 and 31 will be in the twisted state under the neck of the commutator 13, and it can reduce winding thickness.

  The first winding 61 and the second winding 62 wound around the armature core 6 following the first winding 61 are connected in series by a connection line 25 b formed by the first conducting wire 110. The end portion 42 which is the starting point of the connection line 25b and the end portion 31 of the fourth coil winding 7N included in the first winding 61 are connected in series, and the end portion 42 is the riser of the 16th segment 14 15 is electrically and mechanically connected. The connection line 25 b is routed in the left direction D <b> 2, and the end 43, which is the end point of the connection line 25 b, is electrically and mechanically connected to the riser 15 formed in the seventh segment 14. Here, the 16th segment 14 and the 7th segment 14 are arranged at point-symmetrical positions around the rotation axis 5.

The end portion 43 of the connection line 25b and the end portion 32 that is the starting point of the first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 that is wound around the first winding 61 are connected in series. Yes. The first coil winding 7A of the second winding 62 is formed between the slit 11 formed between the 13th tooth 9 and the 14th tooth 9 and between the 17th tooth 9 and the 18th tooth 9. Is wound six times clockwise around the four teeth 9 from No. 14 to No. 17. Thereafter, the same steps as described above are repeated, and the armature core 6 includes first to ninth windings (61 to 69) and nine connection lines 25.
Therefore, according to the above tenth embodiment, the same effects as in the above seventh embodiment can be obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric motor 2 Yoke 3 Armature 4 Magnet 5 Rotating shaft 6 Armature core 7 Armature coil 7A 1st coil winding 7B 2nd coil winding 7M 3rd coil winding 7N 4th coil winding 7C Crossover
9 Teeth 11 Slot 12 Winding 13 Commutator 14 Segment 15 Riser
16 Bearing 21 Brush 21a Low speed brush 21b High speed brush 21c Common brush 25 Connection line 30 End (end of first coil winding)
31 end (end of second coil winding)
61 to 69 1st to 9th windings 71 to 79 Other 1st to 9th windings 110 1st conducting wire 120 1st conducting wire

Claims (6)

A housing that is a magnetic yoke;
A plurality of pairs of magnets fixed on the inner wall of the housing;
A rotary shaft, an armature core fixed on the rotary shaft and having a plurality of radially formed teeth, a commutator fixed on the rotary shaft and having a plurality of segments, and surrounding the teeth of the armature core An armature coil wound and having a plurality of windings connected to a segment of the commutator, and a plurality of connecting lines connecting a pair (two) of the commutator, and surrounded by the plurality of pairs of magnets And an armature rotatably supported on the housing;
An electric motor comprising: a plurality of brushes slidably contactable with the commutator segment of the armature;
The number of pairs of magnet poles is two, the number of teeth is 18, the number of segments of the commutator is 18,
The armature has a first conductor and a second conductor,
The plurality of windings are arranged to face each of the first to ninth windings made of the first conducting wire and the first to ninth windings, respectively, and the second winding Having other ninth windings from the other first windings of conducting wires;
The first to ninth windings are connected in series through connection lines of nine connection lines formed from the first conductive wire,
The other first to other ninth windings are connected in series with each other through the connection lines of the other nine connection lines formed from the second conductive wire,
The first to ninth windings and the other first to other ninth windings are connected in series to the first to fourth coil windings, respectively. Forming a wire, the end of the first coil winding connected to one segment of the commutator, the end of the fourth coil winding connected to the end of the first coil winding Connected to a segment that is adjacent to a segment that is in a point-symmetrical position with respect to the rotation axis as a center,
The first coil winding is wound around four adjacent teeth,
The second coil winding is disposed adjacent to the four teeth around which the first coil winding is wound, and is wound around the other four teeth adjacent to each other.
The third coil winding sandwiches one tooth opposite to the side where the first coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth around which the second coil winding is wound. Wrapped around the other four teeth that are placed next to each other and adjacent to each other,
The fourth coil winding is disposed at a position adjacent to the side opposite to the side where the second coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth around which the third coil winding is wound. , Wrapped around the other four adjacent teeth,
The winding direction of the second coil winding is opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding;
Each connection line of the nine connection lines and each connection line of the other nine connection lines are connected to a pair of segments arranged to face each other,
The plurality of brushes includes first and second brushes that are selectively connected to a first power supply terminal, and a third brush that is connected to a second power supply terminal.
The first brush is disposed at a position where the electrical angle is about 180 degrees away from the third brush, and the second brush is separated from the third brush by an electrical angle of about 180 degrees. An electric motor, wherein the electric motor is disposed at a position separated from the position by a predetermined angle. A housing that is a magnetic yoke;
A plurality of pairs of magnets fixed on the inner wall of the housing;
A rotary shaft, an armature core fixed on the rotary shaft and having a plurality of radially formed teeth, a commutator fixed on the rotary shaft and having a plurality of segments, and surrounding the teeth of the armature core An armature coil wound and having a plurality of windings connected to a segment of the commutator, and a plurality of connecting lines connecting a pair (two) of the commutator, and surrounded by the plurality of pairs of magnets And an armature rotatably supported on the housing;
An electric motor comprising: a plurality of brushes slidably contactable with the commutator segment of the armature;
The number of pairs of magnet poles is two, the number of teeth is 18, the number of segments of the commutator is 18,
The armature has a first conductor and a second conductor,
The plurality of windings are arranged to face each of the first to ninth windings made of the first conducting wire and the first to ninth windings, respectively, and the second winding Having other ninth windings from the other first windings of conducting wires;
The first to ninth windings are connected in series through connection lines of nine connection lines formed from the first conductive wire,
The other first to other ninth windings are connected in series with each other through the connection lines of the other nine connection lines formed from the second conductive wire,
The first to ninth windings and the other first to ninth windings are respectively connected to the first to fourth coil windings connected in series. Forming an end of the first coil winding connected to one segment of the commutator, and an end of the fourth coil winding connected to an end of the first coil winding. Connected to a segment and a segment adjacent to the segment existing in a point-symmetrical position around the rotation axis;
The first coil winding is wound around four adjacent teeth,
The second coil winding is arranged at a position adjacent to the four teeth around which the first coil winding is wound with one tooth interposed therebetween, and surrounds the other four teeth adjacent to each other. Rolled,
The third coil winding is arranged at a position adjacent to the side opposite to the side where the first coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth around which the second coil winding is wound. , Wrapped around the other four adjacent teeth,
The fourth coil winding sandwiches one tooth opposite to the side where the first coil winding exists with respect to the four teeth around which the third coil winding is wound. Wrapped around the other four teeth that are placed next to each other and adjacent to each other,
The winding direction of the second coil winding is opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding;
Each connection line of the ninth connection line and each connection line of the other nine connection lines are connected to a pair of segments arranged to face each other,
The plurality of brushes includes first and second brushes that are selectively connected to a first power supply terminal, and a third brush that is connected to a second power supply terminal.
The first brush is disposed at a position where the electrical angle is about 180 degrees away from the third brush, and the second brush is separated from the third brush by an electrical angle of about 180 degrees. An electric motor, wherein the electric motor is disposed at a position separated from the position by a predetermined angle. A housing that is a magnetic yoke;
A plurality of pairs of magnets fixed on the inner wall of the housing;
A rotary shaft, an armature core fixed on the rotary shaft and having a plurality of radially formed teeth, a commutator fixed on the rotary shaft and having a plurality of segments, and surrounding the teeth of the armature core An armature coil wound and having a plurality of windings connected to a segment of the commutator, and a plurality of connection wires connecting a pair of segments of the commutator, and is surrounded by the plurality of pairs of magnets, An armature rotatably supported by the housing;
An electric motor comprising: a plurality of brushes slidably contactable with the commutator segment of the armature;
The number of pairs of magnet poles is two, the number of teeth is 18, the number of segments of the commutator is 18,
The armature has a first conductor and a second conductor,
The plurality of windings are arranged to face each of the first to ninth windings made of the first conducting wire and the first to ninth windings, respectively, and the second winding Having other ninth windings from the other first windings of conducting wires;
The first to ninth windings are connected in series through connection lines of nine connection lines formed from the first conductive wire,
The other first to other ninth windings are connected in series with each other through the connection lines of the other nine connection lines formed from the second conductive wire,
The first to ninth windings and the other first to other ninth windings are connected in series to the first to fourth coil windings, respectively. Forming a line,
An end of the first coil winding is connected to one segment of the commutator in a state wound around the rotating shaft,
The end of the fourth coil winding is connected to a segment adjacent to the segment to which the end of the first coil winding is connected in a state of being wound around the rotating shaft,
The first coil winding is wound around four adjacent teeth,
The second coil winding is disposed adjacent to the four teeth around which the first coil winding is wound, and is wound around the other four teeth adjacent to each other.
The third coil winding sandwiches one tooth opposite to the side where the first coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth around which the second coil winding is wound. Wrapped around the other four teeth that are placed next to each other and adjacent to each other,
The fourth coil winding is disposed at a position adjacent to the side opposite to the side where the second coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth around which the third coil winding is wound. , Wrapped around the other four adjacent teeth,
The winding direction of the second coil winding is opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding;
The nine connection lines and the other nine connection lines are connected to a pair of segments that are opposed to each other in the radial direction,
The plurality of brushes includes first and second brushes that are selectively connected to a first power supply terminal, and a third brush that is connected to a second power supply terminal.
The first brush is disposed at a position where the electrical angle is about 180 degrees away from the third brush, and the second brush is separated from the third brush by an electrical angle of about 180 degrees. An electric motor, wherein the electric motor is disposed at a position separated from the position by a predetermined angle. A housing that is a magnetic yoke;
A plurality of pairs of magnets fixed on the inner wall of the housing;
A rotary shaft, an armature core fixed on the rotary shaft and having a plurality of radially formed teeth, a commutator fixed on the rotary shaft and having a plurality of segments, and surrounding the teeth of the armature core An armature coil wound and having a plurality of windings connected to a segment of the commutator, and a plurality of connection wires connecting a pair of segments of the commutator, and is surrounded by the plurality of pairs of magnets, An armature rotatably supported by the housing;
An electric motor comprising: a plurality of brushes slidably contactable with the commutator segment of the armature;
The number of pairs of magnet poles is two, the number of teeth is 18, the number of segments of the commutator is 18,
The armature has a first conductor and a second conductor,
The plurality of windings are arranged to face each of the first to ninth windings made of the first conducting wire and the first to ninth windings, respectively, and the second winding Having other ninth windings from the other first windings of conducting wires;
The first to ninth windings are connected in series through connection lines of nine connection lines formed from the first conductive wire,
The other first to ninth windings are connected in series with each other through connection lines of other nine connection lines formed from the second conducting wire,
The first to ninth windings and the other first to other ninth windings are connected in series to the first to fourth coil windings, respectively. Forming a line,
An end of the first coil winding is connected to one segment of the commutator in a state wound around the rotating shaft,
The end of the fourth coil winding is connected to a segment adjacent to the segment to which the end of the first coil winding is connected in a state of being wound around the rotating shaft,
The first coil winding is wound around four adjacent teeth,
The second coil winding is wound around four other teeth adjacent to each other after the five teeth are skipped with respect to the four teeth wound with the first coil winding,
The third coil winding is arranged at a position adjacent to the side opposite to the side where the first coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth around which the second coil winding is wound. , Wrapped around the other four adjacent teeth,
The fourth coil winding is between the first coil winding and the second coil winding and is adjacent to the four teeth around which the first coil winding is wound. Placed around the four other teeth adjacent to each other,
The winding directions of the first coil winding and the second coil winding are the same, and the winding directions of the third coil winding and the fourth coil winding are the same. And the winding direction of the first coil winding and the winding direction of the third coil winding are opposite to each other,
The nine connection lines and the other nine connection lines are connected to a pair of segments that are opposed to each other in the radial direction,
The plurality of brushes includes first and second brushes that are selectively connected to a first power supply terminal, and a third brush that is connected to a second power supply terminal.
The first brush is disposed at a position where the electrical angle is about 180 degrees away from the third brush, and the second brush is separated from the third brush by an electrical angle of about 180 degrees. An electric motor, wherein the electric motor is disposed at a position separated from the position by a predetermined angle. A housing that is a magnetic yoke;
A plurality of pairs of magnets fixed on the inner wall of the housing;
A rotary shaft, an armature core fixed on the rotary shaft and having a plurality of radially formed teeth, a commutator fixed on the rotary shaft and having a plurality of segments, and surrounding the teeth of the armature core An armature coil wound and having a plurality of windings connected to a segment of the commutator, and a plurality of connection wires connecting a pair of segments of the commutator, and is surrounded by the plurality of pairs of magnets, An armature rotatably supported by the housing;
An electric motor comprising: a plurality of brushes slidably contactable with the commutator segment of the armature;
The number of pairs of magnet poles is two, the number of teeth is 18, the number of segments of the commutator is 18,
The armature has a first conductor and a second conductor,
The plurality of windings are arranged to face each of the first to ninth windings made of the first conducting wire and the first to ninth windings, respectively, and the second winding Having other ninth windings from the other first windings of conducting wires;
The first to ninth windings are connected in series through connection lines of nine connection lines formed from the first conductive wire,
The other first to ninth windings are connected in series with each other through connection lines of other nine connection lines formed from the second conducting wire,
The first to ninth windings and the other first to other ninth windings are connected in series to the first to fourth coil windings, respectively. Forming a line,
An end of the first coil winding is connected to one segment of the commutator in a state wound around the rotating shaft,
The end of the fourth coil winding is connected to a segment adjacent to the segment to which the end of the first coil winding is connected in a state of being wound around the rotating shaft,
The first coil winding is wound around four adjacent teeth,
The second coil winding is arranged at a position adjacent to the four teeth around which the first coil winding is wound with one tooth interposed therebetween, and surrounds the other four teeth adjacent to each other. Rolled,
The third coil winding is arranged at a position adjacent to the side opposite to the side where the first coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth around which the second coil winding is wound. , Wrapped around the other four adjacent teeth,
The fourth coil winding sandwiches one tooth on the side opposite to the side where the second coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth wound with the third coil winding. Wrapped around the other four teeth that are placed next to each other and adjacent to each other,
The winding direction of the second coil winding is opposite to the winding direction of the first coil winding;
The nine connection lines and the other nine connection lines are connected to a pair of segments that are opposed to each other in the radial direction,
The plurality of brushes includes first and second brushes that are selectively connected to a first power supply terminal, and a third brush that is connected to a second power supply terminal.
The first brush is disposed at a position where the electrical angle is about 180 degrees away from the third brush, and the second brush is separated from the third brush by an electrical angle of about 180 degrees. An electric motor, wherein the electric motor is disposed at a position separated from the position by a predetermined angle. A housing that is a magnetic yoke;
A plurality of pairs of magnets fixed on the inner wall of the housing;
A rotary shaft, an armature core fixed on the rotary shaft and having a plurality of radially formed teeth, a commutator fixed on the rotary shaft and having a plurality of segments, and surrounding the teeth of the armature core An armature coil wound and having a plurality of windings connected to a segment of the commutator, and a plurality of connection wires connecting a pair of segments of the commutator, and is surrounded by the plurality of pairs of magnets, An armature rotatably supported by the housing;
An electric motor comprising: a plurality of brushes slidably contactable with the commutator segment of the armature;
The number of pairs of magnet poles is two, the number of teeth is 18, the number of segments of the commutator is 18,
The armature has a first conductor and a second conductor,
The plurality of windings are arranged to face each of the first to ninth windings made of the first conducting wire and the first to ninth windings, respectively, and the second winding Having other ninth windings from the other first windings of conducting wires;
The first to ninth windings are connected in series through connection lines of nine connection lines formed from the first conductive wire,
The other first to ninth windings are connected in series with each other through connection lines of other nine connection lines formed from the second conducting wire,
The first to ninth windings and the other first to other ninth windings are connected in series to the first to fourth coil windings, respectively. Forming a line,
An end of the first coil winding is connected to one segment of the commutator in a state wound around the rotating shaft,
The end of the fourth coil winding is connected to a segment adjacent to the segment to which the end of the first coil winding is connected in a state of being wound around the rotating shaft,
The first coil winding is wound around four adjacent teeth,
The second coil winding is wound around four other teeth adjacent to each other after the five teeth are skipped with respect to the four teeth wound with the first coil winding,
The third coil winding sandwiches one tooth opposite to the side where the first coil winding is present with respect to the four teeth around which the second coil winding is wound. Wrapped around the other four teeth that are placed next to each other and adjacent to each other,
The fourth coil winding is adjacent to the four teeth between the first coil winding and the second coil winding and wound with the second coil winding. Placed around the four other teeth adjacent to each other,
The winding directions of the first coil winding and the second coil winding are the same, and the winding directions of the third coil winding and the fourth coil winding are the same. And the winding direction of the first coil winding and the winding direction of the third coil winding are opposite to each other,
The nine connection lines and the other nine connection lines are connected to a pair of segments that are opposed to each other in the radial direction,
The plurality of brushes includes first and second brushes that are selectively connected to a first power supply terminal, and a third brush that is connected to a second power supply terminal.
The first brush is disposed at a position where the electrical angle is about 180 degrees away from the third brush, and the second brush is separated from the third brush by an electrical angle of about 180 degrees. An electric motor, wherein the electric motor is disposed at a position separated from the position by a predetermined angle.

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