JP2006509536A - 肥満および他の胃腸状態を処置するためのシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
肥満および他の胃腸状態を処置するためのシステムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、それぞれが参照により本明細書に組み入れられる、現在、米国特許第6,009,877号となっている、1998年2月19に出願された米国特許出願第09/026,296号の一部継続出願である、1999年5月4日に出願された米国特許出願第09/304,750号の継続出願である「Systems and Methods for Forming Composite Lesions to Treat Dysfunctions in Sphincters and Adjoining Tissue」と題する、2002年5月24日に出願された同時係属米国特許出願第10/155,294号の恩典を主張するものである。
一般的な意味において、本発明は、身体の内部組織領域を治療するためのシステムおよび方法に関するものである。より詳細には、本発明は、噴門および幽門括約筋を含む、胃の内部および周辺の組織を治療するためのシステムおよび方法に関するものである。
A.肥満症
世界中に3億人を超える肥満した成人がいるものと見積もられている。肥満症は、各個人の年齢、身長、および性別を考慮に入れた推奨体重を20パーセントから25パーセント超えた体重を有する状態として定義されている。通常、肥満症は、過食および運動不足(言い換えれば、燃焼するカロリーより多くのカロリーを摂取すること)によりもたらされる。肥満した人のうち、代謝障害による肥満は小さな割合にすぎない。
胃腸逆流病(GERD)は、胃の内容物が食道へ逆流することによりもたらされる食道の炎症である。症候性患者の場合、逆流は、食道を胃の流れから遮断する筋肉線維のバンドである下部食道括約筋(LES)の不全と関係している。酸性またはアルカリ性の胃内容物がLESを通って食道へ戻り、症状を引き起こす。
Barrett食道は、食道の内層が胃食道逆流(GERD)によりもたらされた刺激に応答して細胞変化を起こす障害である。GERD患者のうち小さな割合の患者にBarrett食道が発現する。食道の内層を形成する正常な細胞、扁平上皮細胞が、特殊化円柱細胞と呼ばれる、ヒトでは通常見られないタイプの細胞に変わる。Barrett食道の診断は、典型的には、内視鏡を用いて食道を観察し、食道組織のサンプルを得ること(生検を伴う食道鏡検査)により行われる。
本発明は、肥満症および胃腸管に影響を及ぼす他の状態を治療するシステムおよび方法を提供する。
本明細書の開示は詳細であり、当業者が本発明を実践できるように正確に為されているが、本明細書で開示されている物理的な実施態様は、他の特定の構造でも具体化され得る本発明を例証しているにすぎない。好適な実施態様が説明されているが、その詳細は、特許請求項で定義される本発明から逸脱することなく変更することができる。
図1および2は、ヒト消化器系10を詳細に示している。消化器系10は、口12から肛門14まで長く曲がりくねった管の形態でつながっている一連の中空器官からなっている。消化は、食物を咀嚼して飲み込む口12から始まる。食物および飲み物を身体が利用できる栄養物に変換するためには、食物は、血流中に吸収され、身体の細胞に輸送される前に、もっと小さな分子に変換されなければならない。食物が小さな部分に分解されると、身体は、新たな細胞を構築するため、更にはエネルギーを供給するためにこれらの食物の小さな部分を使用することができる。
本明細書の一つの側面は、身体における括約筋および括約筋に隣接した組織領域内の組織、括約筋および括約筋に隣接した組織領域における組織、または括約筋および括約筋に隣接した組織領域付近の組織を締めつけるための様々なシステムおよび方法を開示する。本システムおよび方法は幽門括約筋44を締めつけるのに特に優れて適している。この理由から、本システムおよび方法はこの状況において説明される。とは言え、開示されているシステムおよび方法は、コンプライアンスを回復させるため、もしくは別な仕方で他の括約筋領域(例えば下部食道括約筋または肛門括約筋)、更には一般的に他の内部組織または筋肉領域を締めつけるためにも適用可能であることを認識すべきである。また、本発明の特徴を具体化するこれらのシステムおよび方法は、必ずしもカテーテルをベースとしないシステムおよび手術技法での使用にも適用可能である。
幽門括約筋44の締めつけに非常に適した組織治療装置66が図3に示されている。装置66は、例えば成形プラスチックでできたハンドル68を含んでいる。ハンドル68は可撓性のカテーテルチューブ70を担持している。カテーテルチューブ70は、例えば、ビニル、ナイロン、ポリ(エチレン)、イオノマー、ポリ(ウレタン)、ポリ(アミド)、およびポリ(エチレンテレフタラート)の如き、標準的な可撓性の医療用グレードのプラスチック材料を用いて構成することができる。ハンドル68は、カテーテルチューブ70を幽門括約筋44の領域へ導入するように、医師が把持するのに都合のよい大きさに為されている。カテーテルチューブ70は、ガイドワイヤー72の使用を伴って、またはガイドワイヤー72の使用を伴わずに展開されてよい(図12も参照のこと)。
図20〜21は、磁性を利用して幽門括約筋44を締めつけるための代替的なシステムを示している。より詳細には、このシステムは、幽門括約筋44における組織の好適な位置および形をもたらし、且つ、維持する役割を果たす相補的な第一マグネット122と第二マグネット124を使用する。図20は、幽門42の互いに対向する側の組織内に埋め込まれた1対の第一マグネット122と第二マグネット124を示している。図21は、埋め込まれたマグネット122と124との間の磁気引力によって引き起こされる組織の動きを示している。所望の位置および形に組織を動かし、且つ、安定化させることにより、このシステムは、幽門括約筋44を締めつけることができ、従って、肥満症、GERD、及び/又はBarrett食道を治療するのに役立つ。
幽門42を締めつけるための更なる別のシステムでは、胃の空化を遅延化するため及び/又は胆汁逆流を低減させるため、締結機構を有する締めつけメンバーを幽門42の外周に巻き付けることができる。更に、このメンバーは、胃の最大容量を低減することにより過食を防止する。これらの締めつけメンバーおよび締結機構は様々に構成され得ることを理解すべきである。
別の技術的な特徴は、近位側の胃の筋肉における受容性弛緩を媒介するためのシステムおよび方法を含む。この神経学的事象の媒介は、胃の広がり、およびこれに付随する胃の体積の増大を抑制するように、胃の筋肉の弛緩、特に基底部および近位側の胃における筋肉の弛緩を抑制する。
図32は、神経受容体が存在する胃の領域、例えば噴門26内に展開された、図3に示されているタイプの組織治療装置66を示している(共通の参照番号が使用される)。治療装置66は、可撓性カテーテルチューブ70の端部に担持された作動エレメント74を含んでいる。胃内への治療装置の展開についての詳細は以前に説明されている。医師は、先述の如く、ガイドワイヤーの使用を伴って、またはガイドワイヤーの使用を伴わずに、食道16を通じて、カテーテルチューブ70および作動エレメント74を噴門26に導入することができる。
図35Aおよび35Bは、受容性弛緩の結果を緩和するための代替的なシステム500を描いている。システム500は、近位側の胃506のそれぞれ前壁および後壁に取り付けられた第一および第二のマトリックス502および504を含んでいる。第一および第二マトリックスは、それぞれが、アレイ状を為すマグネット、それぞれ508および510を担持している。第一マトリックス502のマグネット508および第二マトリックス504のマグネット510は異なる極性の極(即ち、北−南または南−北)を有している。従って、これらのアレイ状を為すマグネット508および510は、図35Bの矢印で示されているように、引き付け合う。磁気作用および磁気引力の原理については以前に検討されている。
Claims (30)
- 幽門括約筋を締めつけることにより肥満症を治療するためのシステムであって、該幽門括約筋内の組織、該幽門括約筋における組織、または該幽門括約筋付近の組織を切除することができるように採用され、且つ、構成された作動装置を含むシステム。
- 肥満症を治療するための方法であって、幽門括約筋の締めつけに影響を及ぼすように、該幽門括約筋内の組織、該幽門括約筋における組織、または該幽門括約筋付近の組織を切除するステップを含む方法。
- 幽門括約筋を締めつけることにより胆汁逆流を治療するためのシステムであって、該幽門括約筋内の組織、該幽門括約筋における組織、または該幽門括約筋付近の組織を切除することができるように採用され、且つ、構成された作動装置を含むシステム。
- 胆汁逆流を治療するための方法であって、幽門括約筋の締めつけに影響を及ぼするように、該幽門括約筋内の組織、該幽門括約筋における組織、または該幽門括約筋付近の組織を切除するステップを含む方法。
- 幽門括約筋を締めつけることにより肥満症を治療するためのシステムであって、使用に際し、該幽門括約筋における組織領域、または該幽門括約筋付近の組織領域に隣接して展開することができるように採用され、且つ、構成された作動装置、および該組織領域と接触するように治療薬を適用するように該作動エレメントに結合された治療薬のソースを含むシステム。
- 前記治療薬が少なくとも1つのサイトカイン及び/又はバニロイド化合物及び/又は組織充填剤を含む、請求項5記載のシステム。
- 幽門括約筋を締めつけることにより肥満症を治療するための方法であって、該幽門括約筋における組織領域、または該幽門括約筋付近の組織領域に隣接して作動エレメントを展開するステップ、および該組織領域と接触するように該作動エレメントを通じて治療薬を適用するステップを含む方法。
- 前記治療薬が少なくとも1つのサイトカイン及び/又はバニロイド化合物及び/又は組織充填剤を含む、請求項7記載の方法。
- 幽門括約筋を締めつけることにより胆汁逆流を治療するためのシステムであって、使用に際し、該幽門括約筋における組織領域、または該幽門括約筋付近の組織領域に隣接して展開することができるように採用され、且つ、構成された作動装置、および該組織領域と接触するように治療薬を適用するように該作動エレメントに結合された治療薬のソースを含むシステム。
- 前記治療薬が少なくとも1つのサイトカイン及び/又はバニロイド化合物及び/又は組織充填剤を含む、請求項7記載のシステム。
- 幽門括約筋を締めつけることにより胆汁逆流を治療するための方法であって、該幽門括約筋における組織領域、または該幽門括約筋付近の組織領域に隣接して作動エレメントを展開するステップ、および該組織領域と接触するように該作動エレメントを通じて治療薬を適用するステップを含む方法。
- 前記治療薬が少なくとも1つのサイトカイン及び/又はバニロイド化合物及び/又は組織充填剤を含む、請求項11記載の方法。
- 幽門括約筋を締めつけることにより肥満症を治療するためのシステムであって、該幽門括約筋のある領域内に、該幽門括約筋のある領域に、または該幽門括約筋のある領域付近に取り付けられた磁気ソースを含み、前記磁気ソースが、該幽門括約筋の別の領域内に、該幽門括約筋の別の領域に、または該幽門括約筋の別の領域付近に取り付けられる材料を磁気力により引き付けることができるような大きさおよび形状に為されているシステム。
- 肥満症を治療するための方法であって、幽門括約筋のある領域内に、幽門括約筋のある領域に、または幽門括約筋のある領域付近に磁気ソースを取り付けるステップを含み、該磁気ソースが、該幽門括約筋の別の領域内に、該幽門括約筋の別の領域に、または該幽門括約筋の別の領域付近に取り付けられる材料を磁気力により引き付けることができるような大きさおよび形状に為されている方法。
- 幽門括約筋を締めつけることにより胆汁逆流を治療するためのシステムであって、該幽門括約筋のある領域内に、該幽門括約筋のある領域に、または該幽門括約筋のある領域付近に取り付けられる磁気ソースを含み、該磁気ソースが、該幽門括約筋の別の領域内に、該幽門括約筋の別の領域に、または該幽門括約筋の別の領域付近に取り付けられる材料を磁気力により引き付けることができるような大きさおよび形状に為されているシステム。
- 胆汁逆流を治療するための方法であって、幽門括約筋のある領域内に、幽門括約筋のある領域に、または幽門括約筋のある領域付近に磁気ソースを取り付けるステップを含み、該磁気ソースが、該幽門括約筋の別の領域内に、該幽門括約筋の別の領域に、または該幽門括約筋の別の領域付近に取り付けられる材料を磁気力により引き付けることができるような大きさおよび形状に為されている方法。
- 幽門括約筋を締めつけることにより肥満症を治療するためのシステムであって、該幽門括約筋内に、該幽門括約筋に、または該幽門括約筋付近に展開される組織収縮用バンドを含むシステム。
- 肥満症を治療するための方法であって、幽門括約筋内に、幽門括約筋に、または幽門括約筋付近に組織収縮用バンドを展開するステップを含む方法。
- 幽門括約筋を締めつけることにより胆汁逆流を治療するためのシステムであって、該幽門括約筋内に、該幽門括約筋に、または該幽門括約筋付近に展開された組織収縮用バンドを含むシステム。
- 胆汁逆流を治療するための方法であって、幽門括約筋内に、幽門括約筋に、または幽門括約筋付近に組織収縮用バンドを展開するステップを含む方法。
- 胃の筋肉の受容性弛緩を媒介することにより肥満症を治療するためのシステムであって、ある胃の領域内の組織、ある胃の領域における組織、またはある胃の領域付近の組織を切除することができるように採用され、且つ、構成された作動装置を含むシステム。
- 肥満症を治療するための方法であって、胃の筋肉の受容性弛緩を媒介するように、ある胃の領域内の組織、ある胃の領域における組織、またはある胃の領域付近の組織を切除するステップを含む方法。
- 胃の筋肉の受容性弛緩を媒介することにより肥満症を治療するためのシステムであって、使用に際し、ある胃の領域内の組織、ある胃の領域における組織、またはある胃の領域付近の組織に隣接して展開することができるように採用され、且つ、構成された作動装置、および該組織と接触するように治療薬を適用するように該作動エレメントに結合された治療薬のソースを含むシステム。
- 前記治療薬が少なくともバニロイド化合物を含む、請求項23記載のシステム。
- 肥満症を治療するための方法であって、ある胃の領域内の組織、ある胃の領域における組織、またはある胃の領域付近の組織に隣接して作動エレメントを展開するステップ、および胃の筋肉の受容性弛緩を媒介するように該組織と接触するように該作動エレメントを通じて治療薬を適用するステップを含む方法。
- 前記治療薬が少なくとも1つのバニロイド化合物を含む、請求項25記載の方法。
- 食物の摂取中における胃の拡張を軽減することにより肥満症を治療するためのシステムであって、胃のある領域に取り付けられる磁気ソースを含み、前記磁気ソースが、胃の別の領域に取り付けられた材料を磁気力により引き付けることができるような大きさおよび形状に為されており、これにより、食物の摂取中における胃の拡張を軽減するシステム。
- 前記磁気ソースがアレイ状のマグネットを含む、請求項27記載のシステム。
- 前記アレイ状のマグネットが生体適合性織物により担持されている、請求項28記載のシステム。
- 肥満症を治療するための方法であって、胃のある領域に磁気ソースを取り付けるステップを含み、該磁気ソースが、胃の別の領域に取り付けられる材料を磁気力により引き付けることができるような大きさおよび形状に為されており、これにより、食物の摂取中における胃の拡張を軽減する方法。
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Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2095786A1 (en) | 2009-09-02 |
EP2095786B1 (en) | 2012-06-27 |
EP1567082A4 (en) | 2006-05-17 |
AU2003279050A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
EP1567082A1 (en) | 2005-08-31 |
JP2010142661A (ja) | 2010-07-01 |
US7468060B2 (en) | 2008-12-23 |
US20090118699A1 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
US20040089313A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
DE60327800D1 (de) | 2009-07-09 |
WO2004043280A1 (en) | 2004-05-27 |
US20130072750A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
EP1567082B1 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
ATE432052T1 (de) | 2009-06-15 |
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