JP2005213063A - 窒化物半導体自立基板及びその製造方法、並びにそれを用いた窒化物半導体発光素子 - Google Patents
窒化物半導体自立基板及びその製造方法、並びにそれを用いた窒化物半導体発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005092 sublimation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- XOYLJNJLGBYDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorogallium Chemical compound [Ga]Cl XOYLJNJLGBYDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 9
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- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 4
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylindium Chemical compound C[In](C)C IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- USZGMDQWECZTIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg](C1C=CC=C1)C1C=CC=C1 Chemical compound [Mg](C1C=CC=C1)C1C=CC=C1 USZGMDQWECZTIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001004 secondary ion mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】 {20-24}回折面及び{11-24}回折面の少なくとも一方のX線回折半値幅が500秒以下で、直径が10 mm以上の窒化物半導体自立基板は、(1) 下地基板上に10n個/cm2(0<n≦10)の転位密度を有する第一の窒化物半導体層を形成し、(2) 第一の窒化物半導体層上に窒化物半導体以外の材料からなるマスク層を形成し、(3) マスク層に10-n cm2以下の開口面積を有する膜厚方向に貫通する開口部を10n-2個/cm2以下の密度に開け、(4) マスク層上に厚さ50 μm以上の第二の窒化物半導体層を形成した後、(5) 下地基板乃至マスク層を除去することにより形成することができる。
【選択図】 図1
Description
第一の窒化物半導体層2は、窒化物半導体自立基板を形成する第二の窒化物半導体層4と同じでも良い。これらの窒化物半導体層2,4は、昇華法、有機金属気相成長法、ハイドライド気相成長法、液相成長法又はこれらの組合せのいずれかにより形成することができる。第一の窒化物半導体層2の厚さは0.1〜500 μm程度が好ましい。なお第一の窒化物半導体層2の転位密度は、以下の説明の便宜上、10n個/cm2(0<n≦10)であるとする。
{0002}対称回折面のX線回折半値幅が小さいGaN基板でも、それを用いて形成した発光ダイオード(LED)の発光輝度が低いことがあることを示すために、サンプル1〜9のGaN自立基板を作製し、各GaN自立基板を用いて図2に示すLEDを形成した。
ハロゲンガス供給管及びN源供給管が設けられた石英製管状反応容器内で、ハロゲンガス供給管に接近した位置にGa金属を入れた石英ボートを設置するとともに、石英ボートから離れた位置でN源供給管に接近した位置に反応管と垂直な直径2インチのサファイア下地基板1をホルダに固定して設置した。
Siを2×1020 cm-3の割合でドープして第二のGaN層4を成長させた以外実施例1と同様にしてGaN自立基板を作製した。GaNの(20-24)面及び(11-24)面のX線回折半値幅はそれぞれ550秒及び568秒であり、実施例1のGaN自立基板より結晶性が著しく劣っていることが判明した。
Mgを2×1020 cm-3の割合でドープして第二のGaN層4を成長させた以外実施例1と同様にしてGaN自立基板を作製した。GaNの(20-24)面及び(11-24)面のX線回折半値幅はそれぞれ820秒、845秒であり、実施例1のGaN自立基板より結晶性が著しく劣っていることが判明した。
サファイア下地基板の代わりにGaAs下地基板を用いた以外実施例1と同様にしてGaN自立基板を作製した。GaNの(20-24)面及び(11-24)面のX線回折半値幅はそれぞれ322秒及び336秒であり、実施例1より若干劣るものの比較的良好な結晶性を有することが判明した。
直径2インチのサファイア(C面)下地基板1をMOVPE装置の管状反応容器内にセットし、容器内を水素で置換した後、水素を流しながら、下地基板1の温度を1050℃まで上昇させ、下地基板1をクリーニングした。次いで下地基板1の温度を510℃まで下げ、キャリアガスに水素、原料ガスにTMG及びアンモニアを用い、下地基板1上に厚さ30 nmのGaNバッファ層を形成した。
SiO2膜の代わりにTiN膜を用いて第二のGaN層4を成長させた以外実施例3と同様にしてGaN自立基板を作製した。このGaN自立基板の(20-24)面及び(11-24)面のX線回折半値幅はそれぞれ102秒及び104秒であり、実施例3より結晶性の良いGaN自立基板が得られたことが判明した。
SiO2膜の代わりにMo膜を用いて第二のGaN層4を成長させた以外実施例3と同様にしてGaN自立基板を作製した。このGaN自立基板の(20-24)面及び(11-24)面のX線回折半値幅はそれぞれ203秒及び211秒であり、実施例1より結晶性の良いGaN自立基板が得られたことが判明した。
ハロゲンガス供給管及びN源供給管が設けられた石英製管状反応容器内で、ハロゲンガス供給管に接近した位置にGa金属を入れた石英ボートを設置するとともに、石英ボートから離れた位置でN源供給管に接近した位置に反応管と垂直な直径2インチのサファイア下地基板1をホルダに固定して設置した。
SiO2膜3の開口部31の密度を1×104個/cm2から1×103個/cm2に変えて第二のGaN層4を形成した以外実施例6と同様にしてGaN自立基板を作製した。このGaN自立基板の(20-24)面及び(11-24)面のX線回折半値幅はそれぞれ26秒及び32秒であった。これから結晶性の良いGaN自立基板が得られたことが判明した。
図2に示すように、実施例1〜7及び比較例1〜2で得られた各GaN自立基板101上に、有機金属気相成長(MOCVD)法により窒化物系発光デバイス構造のエピタキシャル層を形成し、LED素子を作製した。有機金属原料として、トリメチルガリウム(TMG),トリメチルアルミニウム(TMA),トリメチルインジウム(TMI),及びビス(シクロペンタジエニル)マグネシウム(Cp2Mg)を用い、またガス原料として、アンモニア(NH3)及びシラン(SiH4)を用いた。またキャリアガスとして、水素及び窒素を用いた。
Claims (8)
- {20-24}回折面及び{11-24}回折面の少なくとも一方のX線回折半値幅が500秒以下で、直径が10 mm以上であることを特徴とする窒化物半導体自立基板。
- 請求項1に記載の窒化物半導体自立基板において、前記窒化物半導体がノンドープ、若しくはn型又はp型であり、キャリア密度が1×1020 cm-3以下であることを特徴とする窒化物半導体自立基板。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の窒化物半導体自立基板を製造する方法であって、(1) 下地基板上に10n個/cm2(0<n≦10)の転位密度を有する第一の窒化物半導体層を形成し、(2) 前記第一の窒化物半導体層上に窒化物半導体以外の材料からなるマスク層を形成し、(3) 前記マスク層に10-n cm2以下の開口面積を有する膜厚方向に貫通する開口部を10n-2個/cm2以下の密度に開け、(4) 前記マスク層上に厚さ50 μm以上の第二の窒化物半導体層を形成した後、(5) 前記下地基板乃至前記マスク層を除去することを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項3に記載の窒化物半導体自立基板の製造方法において、前記マスク層に開ける前記開口部の密度を10n-4個/cm2以下とすることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項3又は4に記載の窒化物半導体自立基板の製造方法において、前記窒化物半導体の成長法が、昇華法、有機金属気相成長法、ハイドライド気相成長法、液相成長法又はこれらの組合せのいずれかであることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項3〜5のいずれかに記載の窒化物半導体自立基板の製造方法において、前記下地基板が前記自立基板を構成する窒化物半導体と異なる材料からなることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項3〜6のいずれかに記載の窒化物半導体自立基板を製造する方法において、前記下地基板上にバッファ層を介して前記第一の窒化物半導体層を形成することを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の窒化物半導体自立基板上に窒化物系発光デバイス構造のエピタキシャル層を形成したことを特徴とする窒化物半導体発光素子。
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US10/821,957 US7641988B2 (en) | 2004-01-27 | 2004-04-12 | Self-supported nitride semiconductor substrate and its production method, and light-emitting nitride semiconductor device using it |
CN2005100048162A CN1649181B (zh) | 2004-01-27 | 2005-01-27 | 氮化物半导体自立基板及其制造方法、以及使用它的氮化物半导体发光元件 |
US12/113,603 US20080246054A1 (en) | 2004-01-27 | 2008-05-01 | Self-supported nitride semiconductor substrate and its production method, and light-emitting nitride semiconductor device using it |
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JP2007184379A (ja) * | 2006-01-05 | 2007-07-19 | Furukawa Co Ltd | Iii族窒化物半導体結晶、iii族窒化物半導体基板、半導体装置およびiii族窒化物半導体結晶の製造方法 |
JP2017165624A (ja) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-21 | 株式会社サイオクス | 窒化物半導体テンプレートおよび窒化物半導体積層物 |
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US20050161772A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
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