JP2005269781A - Armature and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an armature reducible in the generation of vibration and noise, and also reducible in manufacturing cost. <P>SOLUTION: A first coil 21 and a second coil 22 of a winding part 13 connected between two segments 14 are wound to a plurality of teeth 11a, 11b so as to straddle them so that a 180° interval is set between centers of the coils. The first coil 21 and the second coil 22 are wound so that magnetic poles of the same polarity are created by fed power outside the radial direction. Accordingly, the two magnetic poles having the 180° interval therebetween are concurrently generated by making a current flow between the two segments 14. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an armature and a winding method thereof.

  In a DC motor with a brush, a structure in which a plurality of brushes are connected to the same pole of a driving power source is used in order to reduce the current capacity between the brush and the commutator as the output increases. By supplying current from a plurality of brushes, the current per one is reduced and the load is reduced. In this structure, it is ideal that a plurality of brushes connected to the same pole simultaneously contact the commutator segment.

  However, it is difficult to bring the brushes connected to the same pole into contact with the commutator segments at the same time. For this reason, a deviation in the timing of the contact of the brush causes the balance of the magnetic flux generated in the winding due to the deviation of the timing of current flow through the winding, that is, the excitation timing of the armature, thereby increasing the spark (arc). These factors further cause motor rotation vibration, increased noise, and reduced brush and commutator life.

As a countermeasure against this, conventionally, a method of applying a pressure equalizing line between segments having the same polarity (for example, Patent Document 1) or a method of integrating a pressure equalizing circuit inside a commutator (for example, Patent Document 2) is used. It has been.
JP2000-6050A JP2000-60073

  However, both of these methods increase the cost of the electric motor. In addition, when a pressure equalizing wire is added, the number of windings wound around the connection portion of each segment increases, which causes a short circuit between adjacent segments and an increase in size of each segment. Moreover, since it is necessary to wind a winding and a pressure equalizing wire around a connection part, a process increases. When the pressure equalizing circuit is built in the commutator, there is a problem that the difficulty in joining the voltage equalizing circuit and each segment increases, leading to an increase in cost and the commutator becoming larger.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an armature and a winding method therefor that can reduce the generation of vibration and abnormal noise and reduce the manufacturing cost. There is to do.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a core having a plurality of teeth, a commutator having a plurality of segments in which a plurality of brushes having four or more poles are slidably contacted, and a gap between the two segments. An armature having a winding portion wound across at least one or more of the teeth and a rotating shaft passing through the core and the commutator, wherein the winding portion is the brush A plurality of coil portions wound at the same number of turns on the teeth at intervals corresponding to the number of poles, a first crossover connecting one of the two segments and one coil portion, and the 2 A second connecting line connecting the other of the two segments and one of the other coil parts, and a third connecting line connecting the plurality of coil parts in series, the first connecting line and the About the length of the second crossover, etc. Kushida.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a core having a plurality of teeth, a commutator having a plurality of segments to which two sets of brushes are slidably contacted, and at least one or more of the teeth connected between the two segments. In the armature having a winding portion wound across the core and a rotating shaft that penetrates the core and the commutator, the winding portion has an interval of 180 degrees and has the same number of turns. The formed first coil portion and second coil portion, the first crossover connecting one of the two segments and the first coil portion, the other of the two segments, and the second A second connecting wire connecting the coil portion, and a third connecting wire connecting the first coil portion and the second coil portion, and the length of the first connecting wire and the second connecting wire. Are approximately equal.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a core having a plurality of teeth, a commutator having a plurality of segments to which a four-pole brush is slidably contacted, and at least one or more of the teeth connected between the two segments. An armature having a winding portion wound across the core and a rotating shaft passing through the core and the commutator, wherein the first winding portion and the second winding portion are between the two segments. Are connected in parallel, and the first winding part includes a first coil part wound around the teeth, and a crossover connecting the first coil part to the two segments. The winding portion includes a second coil portion wound with the same number of turns as the first coil portion, and a crossover connecting the second coil portion to the two segments. The coil portion of one winding portion and the coil portion of the second winding portion are 18 Is formed so as to have a spacing of degree was substantially equal to the sum of the length of the connecting wire in the winding.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a core having a plurality of teeth, a commutator having a plurality of segments to which a four-pole brush is slidably contacted, and at least one or more of the teeth connected between the two segments. A step of connecting a winding to a first segment in a method of manufacturing an armature having a winding portion wound across the core and a rotating shaft passing through the core and the commutator; A step of rotating the child approximately 90 degrees in the first direction, winding a winding around at least one of the teeth to form a first coil portion, and rotating the armature 180 degrees in the first direction. A step of winding a winding around at least one of the teeth to form a second coil part having the same number of turns as the first coil part, and rotating the armature approximately 90 degrees in a first direction, Winding the first segment With a, a step of connecting to a second segment adjacent to.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a core having a plurality of teeth, a commutator having a plurality of segments to which a four-pole brush is slidably contacted, and at least one or more of the teeth connected between the two segments. In the method of manufacturing an armature having a winding portion wound across the core and a rotating shaft that penetrates the core and the commutator, a first winding portion and a second winding portion are disposed between the two segments. A first forming step in which a winding portion is connected in parallel to form the first winding portion;
A second forming step of forming the second winding portion, wherein the first forming step includes a step of connecting the first winding to the first segment, and the armature in the first direction. Rotating approximately 90 degrees, winding a first winding around at least one of the teeth to form a coil portion; rotating the armature 270 degrees in a first direction; and Connecting a line to a second segment adjacent to the first segment, wherein the second forming step includes connecting a second winding to the first segment; and Rotating approximately 270 degrees in the first direction and winding the second winding around at least one of the teeth to form a coil portion; and rotating the armature approximately 90 degrees in the first direction. The second winding to a second segment adjacent to the first segment. And a step to continue, the.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the method of manufacturing a rotating electrical machine according to the fifth aspect, after the first forming step or the second forming step is performed on all the segments, On the other hand, the second forming step or the first forming step is executed.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the method for manufacturing a rotating electrical machine according to the fifth or sixth aspect, the rotary electric machine is provided with at least two flyers, and the winding portions are simultaneously formed in the respective flyers.
(Function)
Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the winding portion connected between the two segments includes a plurality of coil portions wound at the same number of turns around the teeth corresponding to the number of poles of the brush. Have. And the length of the connecting wire which connects a segment and a coil part is formed substantially equal. For this reason, even if the magnetic poles are simultaneously generated by the coil portions at intervals corresponding to the magnetic poles, the deviation of the magnetic lance is suppressed even if the brush contact becomes unstable. In addition, since a pressure equalizing line is unnecessary, the manufacturing cost is reduced.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the winding part connected between the two segments has the first coil part and the second coil part wound at the same number of turns at an interval of 180 degrees. doing. And the length of the connecting wire which connects a segment, a 1st coil part, and a 2nd coil part is formed substantially equal. For this reason, even if the magnetic poles are simultaneously generated by the coil portions at intervals corresponding to the magnetic poles, the deviation of the magnetic lance is suppressed even if the brush contact becomes unstable. In addition, since a pressure equalizing line is unnecessary, the manufacturing cost is reduced.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the two winding portions connected in parallel between the two segments are the coil portions wound with the same number of turns around the teeth corresponding to the number of poles of the brush. Each has. And the length of the connecting wire which connects a segment and a coil part is formed substantially equal. For this reason, even when the magnetic poles are generated by the coil portions at intervals corresponding to the magnetic poles, and the contact of the brush becomes unstable, the deviation of the magnetic lance is suppressed. In addition, since a pressure equalizing line is unnecessary, the manufacturing cost is reduced.

According to invention of Claim 4 thru | or 6, since there is no process of providing a pressure equalizing line and the work content is the same as the past, manufacturing cost is reduced.
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the manufacturing time can be shortened by simultaneously forming a plurality of winding portions.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an armature and a winding method thereof that can reduce the generation of vibrations and abnormal noises and reduce the manufacturing cost.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the DC motor 1 has a motor housing 2, and an armature 3 is accommodated in the motor housing 2.

  The motor housing 2 has a yoke 2a formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and an end frame 2b that closes the opening of the yoke 2a, and a plurality of magnets 4 are disposed on the inner peripheral surface so as to surround the armature 3. Has been placed. As shown in FIG. 2, the DC motor 1 of this embodiment has four magnets 4 having a substantially arc shape in cross section, and these magnets 4 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the motor housing 2 so that adjacent magnetic poles have different polarities. It is arranged at equal intervals. That is, the number of poles of the magnet 4 is “4”. As shown in FIG. 1, bearings 5 and 6 are respectively held at the center of the bottom of the yoke 2a and the center of the end frame 2b, and the bearings 5 and 6 rotatably support the rotating shaft 7 of the armature 3. .

  The armature 3 includes a rotating shaft 7, an armature core 8, an excitation coil 9, and a commutator (commutator) 10, and the armature core 8 is fixed to the rotating shaft 7. As shown in FIG. 3, the armature core 8 has a plurality of teeth 11 extending radially. A space formed between adjacent teeth 11 in the circumferential direction constitutes a slot 12, and a winding is disposed in the slot 12.

  A winding portion 13 is formed on the tooth 11 to form the exciting coil 9 by winding a winding so as to straddle at least one or more teeth. The winding portion 13 is wound across a plurality of (three in FIG. 3) teeth 11 (slots 12), that is, the winding portion 13 is wound by distributed winding.

  Further, a commutator 10 is fixed to the rotating shaft 7 so as to rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 7. The commutator 10 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality (22 pieces in FIG. 2) of segments (commutator pieces) 14 extending along the axial direction of the rotary shaft 7 are provided on the outer peripheral surface thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, the commutator 10 is arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. As shown in FIG. 1, each segment 14 has a connection claw 15, and the winding claw 15 is connected to the start or end of winding of the winding portion 13. Therefore, the winding part 13 has a coiled part wound around the armature core 8 and a part that connects the part to the segment 14, and the part that connects to the segment is called a crossover.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of (four in the drawing) brushes 16 a to 16 d arranged at a predetermined angle with each other are in sliding contact with the commutator 10. The first brush 16a and the third brush 16c facing each other (arranged at an interval of 180 ° from each other) are electrically connected, and the second brush 16b and the fourth brush 16d facing each other are electrically connected. ing. The first brush 16a and the third brush 16c are connected to a positive terminal of a power source (not shown), for example, and the second brush 16b and the fourth brush 16d are connected to a negative terminal of a power source (not shown), for example. When the power is supplied from the brushes 16a to 16d to the winding unit 13 via the commutator 10, the DC motor 1 (armature 3) rotates. With this rotation, the brushes 16a to 16b for the commutator 10 are rotated. The rotation of the motor 1 is continued by sequentially moving the contact position of 16d.

Next, the winding portion 13 for the armature core 8 will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 3 shows windings connected to a pair of adjacent segments, and FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the armature. The armature shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has 16 segments 14 and teeth 11 (slots 12). As shown in FIG. 4, segment numbers (segment numbers) are assigned “1” to “16” in the clockwise direction for each segment 14. Further, a slot number (slot No.) is assigned to each tooth 11 as “1” to “16” in the clockwise direction.

  FIG. 3 shows the winding section 13 connected to the segment 14 with the number “1” and the segment 14 with the number “2”. The winding portion 13 includes a first coil portion 21 wound a predetermined number of times across the plurality of teeth 11a and a second coil portion 22 wound a predetermined number of times across the plurality of teeth 11b. Yes. In FIG. 3, the first coil portion 21 and the second coil portion 22 are simply shown as lines hung on the teeth 11a and 11b, but in actuality, they are wound around the teeth 11a and 11b a predetermined number of times (for example, 10 times). It has been turned.

  The first coil portion 21 is connected to the segment 14 having the number “1” by the first connecting wire 23 as the winding start portion, and the second coil portion 22 is numbered by the second connecting wire 24 as the winding end portion. 2 ”segment 14. The first coil portion 21 and the second coil portion 22 are connected by a third crossover wire 25. That is, the first coil portion 21 and the second coil portion 22 are connected in series between the segment 14 with the number “1” and the segment 14 with the number “2”. The first connecting wire 23 is wound around the connecting claw 15 provided in the segment 14 with the number “1” and the end is fixed, and the second connecting wire 24 is wound around the connecting claw 15 provided in the segment 14 with the number “2”. And the ends are fixed.

  The first coil portion 21 and the second coil portion 22 described above are centered on teeth 11a and 11b (or slots) having a 180 degree interval so that the centers thereof have a 180 degree interval, and a plurality (in the figure, It is wound over three teeth 11a and 11b. And the 1st coil part 21 and the 2nd coil part 22 are wound so that the magnetic pole of the same polarity may be generated on the diameter direction outside by the supplied power supply. That is, by passing a current between the segment 14 with the number “1” and the segment 14 with the number “2”, two magnetic poles having an interval of 180 degrees are generated simultaneously. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, even if at least one of the first brush 16a and the third brush 16c connected to the same-polarity power supply terminal is in contact with the commutator 10, the armature 3 has a 180 degree angle. Since two magnetic poles having a gap are generated at the same time, the magnetic lance is not broken.

  Further, the first coil portion 21 and the second coil portion 22 are connected to the teeth 11a and 11b so that the length of the first crossover wire 23 and the length of the second crossover wire 24 connecting them to the segment 14 are substantially equal. It is wound. In other words, the segment 14 having the number “1” and the segment 14 having the number “2” are wound around the teeth 11 a and 11 b having an interval of about 90 degrees therebetween.

  In addition, the winding portion 13 has windings at the beginning or end of winding in the slots 12 having a large angle with respect to the segment 14 to which the winding portion 13 is connected. For example, in FIG. 3, the first coil section 21 is arranged in the slot 12 with the number “12” and the slot 12 with the number “15”. These slots 12 are compared to the interval between the segment 14 with the number “1” and the slot 12 with the number “15” connected to the first crossover 23 that is the start of winding, and the slot 12 with the segment 14 and the number “12”. Is wider (has a larger angle).

  Similarly, the second coil section 22 is disposed in the slot 12 with the number “7” and the slot 12 with the number “4”. These slots 12 are compared to the interval between the segment 14 with the number “2” and the slot 12 with the number “4” connected to the second crossover 24 that is the end of winding, and the slot 12 with the segment 14 and the number “7”. Is wider (has a larger angle).

  Further, the third connecting wire 25 connecting the first coil portion 21 and the second coil portion 22 is wound around the rotary shaft 7 so that the winding arranged in the slot 12 with the number “15” and the number “ 4 ”is connected to the winding arranged in the slot 12. The interval between the slot 12 with the number “15” and the slot 12 with the number “4” is the same as the other slots (the slot 12 with the number “12” and the number “7” where the first coil portion 21 and the second coil portion 22 are arranged. ”Is wider (has a larger angle) than the distance formed by the slot 12.

  The angle formed between each of the first connecting wire 23 to the third connecting wire 25 and the rotating shaft 7 brings the first connecting wire 23 to the third connecting wire 25 closer to the rotating shaft 7. For example, in the first crossover line 23, the slot of the number “12” is compared with the angle formed by the crossover line spanned between the slot 12 of the number “15” and the segment 14 of the number “1” and the rotary shaft 7. The angle formed by the first connecting wire 23 and the rotary shaft 7 spanning between the segment 12 and the segment 14 having the number “1” is larger (closer to a right angle). This means that, in the first connecting wire 23, the first connecting wire 23 on the first coil portion 21 side is brought closer to the armature core 8, and the first connecting wire 23 on the segment 14 side is brought closer to the commutator 10. For this reason, the dead space which arises between the 1st crossover wire 23 and the armature core 8, the 1st crossover wire 23, and the commutator 10 is reduced. The same applies to the second crossover line 24 and the third crossover line 25.

  For this reason, the third connecting wire 25 connecting the first coil portion 21 and the second coil portion 22 and further the connecting wire of the next winding can be brought close to the rotary shaft 7. That is, many connecting wires can be wound around the rotary shaft 7 with a small diameter, and the space factor is improved. Further, since many connecting wires can be wound around the rotating shaft 7 with a small diameter, the connecting wires do not interfere with the winding of the coil portion, and the winding is easy and the number of turns of the coil portion is increased (winding). If the numbers are the same, the outer diameter of the armature core 8 can be reduced).

  Note that the angle formed by the first connecting wire 23 and the second connecting wire 24 and the rotating shaft 7 affects the winding property of the connecting claw 15. As shown in FIG. 1, when the armature core 8 and the commutator 10 are separated from each other in the axial direction and there is a certain distance, even if the space between the arm 14 and the segment 14 starts to wind around the slot 12, the segment 14 The winding part 13 wound around the connection claw 15 does not come off from the connection claw 15. However, in a flat DC motor with a short outer dimension in the axial direction, since the axial distance between the armature core 8 and the commutator 10 is short, there is a slot 12 at the start or end of winding in the protruding direction of the connection claw 15. And the coil | winding part 13 will remove | deviate from the connection nail | claw 15. On the other hand, in the winding part 13 according to the present embodiment, the segment 14 and the slot 12 where the winding starts are spaced by 90 degrees or more. Therefore, when this winding is applied to a flat DC motor, the winding portion 13 at the start and end of winding is pulled with an inclination of 90 degrees or more with respect to the protruding direction of the connection claw 15, It can prevent that the wire | line part 13 remove | deviates from the connection nail | claw 15.

  The first coil portion 21 and the second coil portion 22 of the present embodiment are wound around the teeth 11a and 11b so that the length of the first connecting wire 23 and the length of the second connecting wire 24 are substantially equal. It has been turned. That is, the interval between the segment 14 to which the first crossover wire 23 is connected and the slot 12 where the winding start of the first coil portion 21 is arranged, the segment 14 to which the second crossover wire 24 is connected, and the second coil portion 22. The distance from the slot 12 where the end of winding is arranged is substantially the same. Therefore, since the first connecting wire 23 and the second connecting wire 24 are pulled with substantially the same inclination with respect to the connection claw 15, the winding portion 13 is prevented from being detached from the connection claw 15 at the start and end of winding. Can do.

  In the flat DC motor, it is possible to prevent the winding portion 13 from being detached from the connection claw 15. As shown in FIG. 10, the first and second connecting wires 23a and 24a of the winding portion may be wound around the rotary shaft 7. However, when the winding portion is configured as shown in FIG. 10, the lengths of the first and second connecting wires 23a and 24a are compared with the lengths of the first and second connecting wires 23 and 24 shown in FIG. Become longer. Accordingly, as in the present embodiment, the first coil portion 21 and the second coil portion 22 of the winding portion 13 connected between the two segments 14 are wound so that their centers have an interval of 180 degrees. By doing so, the length of the 1st connecting wire 23 and the 2nd connecting wire 24 can be shortened effectively. Furthermore, since the winding of the winding wire around the rotating shaft 7 is the minimum necessary, it is possible to prevent an increase in the amount of material used and to shorten the axial distance between the armature core 8 and the commutator 10. Become.

5 and 6 are schematic views for explaining the action due to the magnetic balance.
FIG. 5A shows that in the DC motor 1 of the present embodiment, the contact state of the third brush 16c is unstable (no power supply from the third brush 16c), and the first brush 16a to the second brush 16b and the second brush 16c. Only the coil part through which an electric current flows into 4 brushes is shown, and FIG. 5B shows those coils as a single coil in a simplified manner. FIG. 6A shows that in the conventional DC motor, the contact state of the third brush 16c is unstable (no power supply from the third brush 16c), and the first brush 16a to the second brush 16b and the fourth brush. Only the coil part through which the current flows is shown, and FIG. 6B shows the coils in a simplified form. Note that the conventional DC motor is a so-called lap winding motor in which the first coil portion and the second coil portion in the present embodiment are wound around the same tooth.

In FIG. 5B and FIG. 6B, the electromagnetic force generated by the first coil portion is indicated by a broken line arrow, and the electromagnetic force generated by the second coil portion is indicated by a solid line arrow.
In the case of a lap-winding DC motor, as shown in FIG. 6B, the electromagnetic forces in the X-axis direction have the same magnitude and are directed in opposite directions, but the electromagnetic forces in the Y-axis direction have the same direction (−Y Direction). Accordingly, the balance of electromagnetic force is lost in this DC motor, and the electromagnetic force works to move the armature in the radial direction, so that rotational vibration and noise are generated.

  On the other hand, in the case of the DC motor 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5B, the electromagnetic force generated in the first coil portion and the electromagnetic force generated in the second coil portion have the same magnitude and are opposite to each other. Facing the direction. Therefore, the DC motor 1 has a good balance of electromagnetic force and does not generate a force that moves the armature in the radial direction, so that no rotation vibration or noise due to a deviation in the contact timing of the brush is generated.

Next, a method for forming the winding portion 13 in the armature 3 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the winding of the winding part 13 is connected to the connection claw 15 provided in the segment 14 having the number “1”. Next, the armature 3 is rotated approximately 90 degrees in a predetermined first direction (clockwise in FIG. 3), and the first coil portion 21 is formed by winding the winding around the teeth 11 a predetermined number of times.

  Next, the armature 3 is rotated 180 degrees in the first direction, and the winding is wound around the teeth 11 a predetermined number of times to form the second coil portion 22. Next, the armature 3 is rotated approximately 90 degrees in the first direction, and the winding is connected to the connection claw 15 provided in the segment 14 having the number “2”. Thereby, one winding part 13 is formed.

  Similarly, the same operation is sequentially repeated for all the segments 14, the windings are connected to the first connection claws 15, and the winding operation on the armature core 8 is completed. Thereby, the exciting coil 9 composed of the plurality of winding portions 13 is formed.

  FIGS. 7A to 7D are schematic views for explaining the operation when windings between a pair of segments are wound around different teeth as a plurality of coil portions. In FIG. 7, the number of teeth is reduced compared to the above-described form in order to make the operation easy to understand.

  As shown in FIG. 7C, when the coil portion 31 having a predetermined number of turns is formed, the coil portion 31 closes the slot 12. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7D, the coil portion 32 to be formed next cannot be wound up to the deepest portion (in the radial direction) of the slot 12. Thereby, the space factor of a winding is bad.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7A, the first coil portion 33a and the second coil portion 33b each having a winding number ½ of the winding number of the coil portion 31 in FIG. 7C are wound around different teeth. Then, these coil parts 33a and 33b do not block the slot. Accordingly, the next first coil portion 34a and second coil portion 34b are wound around the deepest portion (in the radial direction) of the slot. Further, these coil portions 33a, 33b, 34a, 34b do not block the slots. Accordingly, the next first coil portion and second coil portion are wound around the deepest portion (in the radial direction) of the slot.

  Thus, the volume of each slot in the armature core 8 shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D is the same, but the space factor can be reduced by dividing the coil portion and winding it around a plurality of teeth. Can be improved.

  When two winding parts are formed simultaneously using a plurality of, for example, two flyers, the winding by one flyer is wound in the state of FIG. 7A, but the winding by another flyer is wound. Is wound around the same tooth (slot) as the previous winding, so that the two winding portions are formed as shown in FIG. For this reason, since the winding blocks the slot, the space factor is not improved. That is, the winding part 13 of this Embodiment is implemented by the winding machine provided with one flyer (single flyer), can improve a space factor and can make a coil end low.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The first coil portion 21 and the second coil portion 22 of the winding portion 13 connected between the two segments 14 are arranged on the plurality of teeth 11a and 11b so that their centers have an interval of 180 degrees. I wound it around. And the 1st coil part 21 and the 2nd coil part 22 were wound so that the magnetic pole of the same polarity might be generated on the diameter direction outside by the power supply supplied. Therefore, when a current is passed between the two segments 14, two magnetic poles having an interval of 180 degrees are generated simultaneously. As a result, even when one of the two brushes connected to the same-polarity power supply terminal is in contact with the commutator 10, two magnetic poles having an interval of 180 degrees are generated simultaneously in the armature. Can be prevented from collapsing. For this reason, generation | occurrence | production of a spark (arc) can be suppressed, vibration reduction of the rotating shaft 7, and noise can be reduced. Furthermore, the lifetime reduction of a brush and a commutator can be suppressed by suppressing generation | occurrence | production of a spark. In addition, since no equalizing line is required, the cost of the motor can be reduced.

  (2) Since the operation of forming the winding portion 13 with respect to the two segments 14 is generally an operation of forming a DC motor, it is not necessary to add a special operation, and a pressure equalizing line is provided. Since the process is eliminated, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  (3) The first coil portion 21 and the second coil portion 22 of the winding portion 13 connected between the two segments 14 were wound so that their centers had an interval of 180 degrees. Therefore, the length of the first crossover line 23 and the second crossover line 24 can be effectively shortened. Furthermore, since the winding of the winding wire around the rotating shaft 7 is the minimum necessary, it is possible to prevent an increase in the amount of material used and to shorten the axial distance between the armature core 8 and the commutator 10. Become.

(Second Embodiment)
A second embodiment embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
In addition, since this embodiment differs in the winding with respect to an armature core from 1st Embodiment, description and drawing are abbreviate | omitted about the same component as 1st Embodiment.

  8A and 8B show winding portions connected to a pair of adjacent segments, and FIGS. 9A and 9B are development views of the armature. The armature shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 has 16 segments 14 and teeth 11 (slots 12). As shown in FIG. 9, for each segment 14, a segment number (segment number) is assigned “1” to “16” in the clockwise direction. Further, a slot number (slot No.) is assigned to each tooth 11 as “1” to “16” in the clockwise direction.

  FIG. 8A shows the first winding section 41 connected to the segment 14 with the number “1” and the segment 14 with the number “2”, and FIG. 8B shows the segment with the number “1”. 14 and the second winding portion 51 connected to the segment 14 having the number “2”.

  The first winding part 41 has a coil part 42 wound a predetermined number of times across a plurality of teeth 11a. The second winding part 51 has a coil part 52 wound a predetermined number of times across a plurality of teeth 11b. The coil portion 42 of the first winding portion 41 will be described as the first coil portion 42, and the coil portion 52 of the second winding portion 51 will be described as the second coil portion 52. Further, in FIG. 8, the first coil portion 42 and the second coil portion 52 are simply shown as lines hung on the teeth 11a and 11b, but in actuality, they are wound around the teeth 11a and 11b a predetermined number of times (for example, 10 times). It has been turned.

  The first coil portion 42 is connected to the segment 14 with the number “1” by the first connecting wire 43 as the winding start portion, and is connected to the segment 14 with the number “2” by the second connecting wire 44 as the winding end portion. Has been. The second coil portion 52 is connected to the segment 14 with the number “1” by the third connecting wire 53 as the winding start portion, and is connected to the segment 14 with the number “2” by the fourth connecting wire 54 as the winding end portion. Has been. That is, the first coil part 42 and the second coil part 52 are connected in parallel between the segment 14 with the number “1” and the segment 14 with the number “2”.

  Accordingly, ½ of the current supplied to the segment with the number “1” or the number “2” flows through the first coil portion 42 and the second coil portion 52. For this reason, the cross-sectional area of the 1st coil | winding part 41 and the 2nd coil | winding part 51 in this Embodiment is set to 1/2 of the cross-sectional area of the coil | winding in 1st Embodiment. Since the first winding part 41 and the second winding part 51 having such a small cross-sectional area have a smaller gap between the windings than that in the first embodiment, the space factor for slots of the same volume As a result, the coil portion having almost twice the number of turns can be formed. Therefore, the current flowing through the first winding part 41 and the second winding part 51 is halved, but the same number of magnetic fluxes can be generated by increasing the number of turns of the coil parts 42 and 52. . For this reason, the direct-current motor of this embodiment can obtain the same characteristics as the direct-current motor 1 of the first embodiment.

  The first coil portion 42 and the second coil portion 52 described above are centered on teeth 11a and 11b (or slots) having a 180 degree interval so that the centers thereof have a 180 degree interval, and a plurality (in the figure, It is wound over three teeth 11a and 11b. And the 1st coil part 42 and the 2nd coil part 52 are wound so that the magnetic pole of the same polarity may be generated on the diameter direction outside by the power supply supplied. That is, by passing a current between the segment 14 with the number “1” and the segment 14 with the number “2”, two magnetic poles having an interval of 180 degrees are generated simultaneously. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, even if at least one of the first brush 16a and the third brush 16c connected to the same-polarity power supply terminal is in contact with the commutator 10, the armature has an interval of 180 degrees. Since two magnetic poles having the same are generated at the same time, the magnetic lance is not broken.

  Furthermore, the first coil portion 42 and the second coil portion 52 are provided with a length of the first connecting wire 43 and a length of the fourth connecting wire 54 that connect them to the segment 14, and a length of the second connecting wire 44 and a third length of the third connecting wire 44, respectively. The wires 11 are wound around the teeth 11a and 11b so that the lengths of the connecting wires 53 are substantially equal. In other words, the segment 14 having the number “1” and the segment 14 having the number “2” are wound around the teeth 11 a and 11 b having an interval of about 90 degrees therebetween.

  The first winding portion 41 and the second winding portion 51 have windings at the start or end of winding in the slot 12 having a large angle with respect to the segment 14 to which the first winding portion 41 and the second winding portion 51 are connected. For example, in FIG. 8A, the first coil section 42 is disposed in the slot 12 with the number “12” and the slot 12 with the number “15”. These slots 12 are compared to the interval between the segment 14 with the number “1” and the slot 12 with the number “15” connected to the first crossover 43 that is the start of winding, and the slot 12 with the segment 14 and the number “12”. Is wider (has a larger angle). Since the second connecting wire 44 is connected to the segment 14 of the number “2” so as to be wound around the rotary shaft 7 from the slot 12 of the number “15”, compared with the case where the second connecting wire 44 is directed directly from the slot 12 to the segment 14. The interval between the segment 14 and the slot 12 is wide.

  Similarly, the second coil section 52 is disposed in the slot 12 with the number “7” and the slot 12 with the number “4”. These slots 12 are compared to the interval between the segment 14 with the number “2” and the slot 12 with the number “4” connected to the third crossover 53 which is the end of winding, and the slot 12 with the segment 14 and the number “7”. Is wider (has a larger angle). The fourth connecting wire 54 is connected to the segment 14 having the number “2” so as to be wound around the rotary shaft 7 from the slot 12 having the number “15”. In comparison, the interval between the segment 14 and the slot 12 is wide.

  The angle formed between the first connecting wire 43, the second connecting wire 44, the third connecting wire 53 and the fourth connecting wire 54 and the rotation shaft 7 is determined by the first connecting wire 43, the second connecting wire 44, The third connecting wire 53 and the fourth connecting wire 54 are brought close to the rotary shaft 7. For example, in the first crossover 43, the slot of the number “12” is compared with the angle formed by the crossover between the slot 12 of the number “15” and the segment 14 of the number “1” and the rotary shaft 7. The angle formed by the first connecting wire 43 and the rotating shaft 7 that spans between the segment 12 and the segment 14 having the number “1” is larger (closer to a right angle). This means that in the first connecting wire 43, the first connecting wire 43 on the first coil portion 42 side is brought closer to the armature core 8, and the first connecting wire 43 on the segment 14 side is brought closer to the commutator 10. For this reason, the dead space which arises between the 1st crossover wire 43 and the armature core 8, the 1st crossover wire 43, and the commutator 10 is reduced. The same applies to the second connecting line 44, the third connecting line 53, and the fourth connecting line 54.

  For this reason, many connecting wires can be wound around the rotating shaft 7 with a small diameter, and the space factor is improved. Further, since many connecting wires can be wound around the rotating shaft 7 with a small diameter, the connecting wires do not interfere with the winding of the coil portion, and the winding is easy and the number of turns of the coil portion is increased (winding). If the numbers are the same, the outer diameter of the armature core 8 can be reduced).

  Similar to the first embodiment, in the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the first winding portion 41 and the second winding portion 51 from being detached from the connection claws 15 with respect to the flat DC motor. It is. As shown in FIG. 11 (a), the first connecting wire 43a and the second connecting wire 44a are wound around the rotary shaft 7, and as shown in FIG. 11 (b), the third connecting wire 53a and the second connecting wire. What is necessary is just to wind 54 a around the rotating shaft 7. In this case, the lengths of the first connecting wire 43a and the second connecting wire 44a shown in FIG. 11A are effectively the same as the lengths of the first connecting wire 43 and the second connecting wire 44 shown in FIG. It is. However, the lengths of the third and fourth connecting lines 53a and 54a shown in FIG. 11B are longer than the lengths of the third and fourth connecting lines 53 and 54 shown in FIG. 8B. Become. Therefore, as in the present embodiment, the coil portion 42 of the first winding portion 41 connected between the two segments 14 is wound so as to have a 90-degree interval in the counterclockwise direction from the segment 14 connecting the first winding portion 41. By turning and winding the coil portion 52 of the second winding portion 51 so as to have a spacing of 270 degrees counterclockwise with the segment 14 connecting it, the first connecting wire 43 and the second connecting wire 44 , The lengths of the third and fourth crossover lines 53 and 54 can be effectively shortened. Further, since the winding of the winding wire around the rotating shaft 7 is minimized, it is possible to prevent an increase in the amount of material used and to shorten the axial distance between the armature core 8 and the commutator 10. Become.

Next, a method of forming the first winding part 41 and the second winding part 51 will be described with reference to FIG.
The first winding part 41 and the second winding part 51 are formed in the respective forming steps.

The step of forming the first winding part 41 (first forming step) is as follows.
First, the winding of the first winding part 41 is connected to the connection claw 15 provided in the segment 14 having the number “1”. Next, the armature 3 is rotated approximately 90 degrees in a predetermined first direction (clockwise in FIG. 3), and the first coil portion 42 is formed by winding the winding around the tooth 11 a predetermined number of times. Next, the armature 3 is rotated approximately 270 degrees in the first direction, and the winding is connected to the connection claw 15 provided in the segment 14 having the number “2”. As a result, one first winding portion 41 is formed.

The step of forming the second winding part 51 (second forming step) is as follows.
First, the winding of the second winding part 51 is connected to the connection claw 15 provided in the segment 14 having the number “1”. Next, the armature 3 is rotated approximately 270 degrees in a predetermined first direction (clockwise in FIG. 3), and the winding is wound around the teeth 11 a predetermined number of times to form the first coil portion 42. Next, the armature 3 is rotated approximately 90 degrees in the first direction, and the winding is connected to the connection claw 15 provided in the segment 14 having the number “2”. Thereby, one second winding part 51 is formed.

  The first forming step and the second forming step are sequentially repeated for all the segments 14, and the winding is connected to the first connecting claws 15 to complete the winding operation on the armature. Thereby, the exciting coil which consists of the some 1st winding part 41 and the 2nd winding part 51 is formed.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The first winding part 41 and the second winding part 51 are connected in parallel between the two segments 14, and the first coil part 42 and the second winding part 51 of the first winding part 41 are connected. The 2nd coil part 52 was wound ranging over some teeth 11a and 11b so that those centers may have a space | interval of 180 degree | times. And the 1st coil part 42 and the 2nd coil part 52 were wound so that the magnetic pole of the same polarity might be generated on the diameter direction outside by the power supply supplied. Therefore, when a current is passed between the two segments 14, two magnetic poles having an interval of 180 degrees are generated simultaneously. As a result, even when one of the two brushes connected to the same-polarity power supply terminal is in contact with the commutator 10, two magnetic poles having an interval of 180 degrees are generated simultaneously in the armature. Can be prevented from collapsing. For this reason, generation | occurrence | production of a spark (arc) can be suppressed, vibration reduction of the rotating shaft 7, and noise can be reduced. Furthermore, the lifetime reduction of a brush and a commutator can be suppressed by suppressing generation | occurrence | production of a spark. In addition, since no equalizing line is required, the cost of the motor can be reduced.

  (2) Since the operation of forming the first winding portion 41 and the second winding portion 51 for the two segments 14 is generally an operation of forming a DC motor, it is necessary to add a special operation. In addition, since the step of providing the pressure equalizing line is eliminated, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  (3) The coil portion 42 of the first winding portion 41 connected between the two segments 14 is wound so as to have an interval of 90 degrees counterclockwise with the segment 14 connecting the first winding portion 41, and the second winding The coil part 52 of the part 51 was wound so as to have a spacing of 270 degrees counterclockwise with the segment 14 connecting it. Therefore, the lengths of the first and second crossover wires 43 and 44 of the first winding portion 41 and the third and fourth crossover wires 53 and 54 of the second winding portion 51 are effectively shortened. Can do. Furthermore, since the winding of the winding wire around the rotating shaft 7 is the minimum necessary, it is possible to prevent an increase in the amount of material used and to shorten the axial distance between the armature core 8 and the commutator 10. Become.

In addition, you may implement each said embodiment in the following aspects.
In the above embodiment, the case where the winding is wound using one flyer has been described, but the winding may be wound using a plurality of flyers. For example, when two flyers are used, when the windings fed out from one flyer are connected to the connection claws provided in the segment of the number “1”, the windings fed out from the other flyers are connected to the segments 180. The segments are connected to the segments having the interval of degrees (the segment of number “9” in the case of 16 segments). And a 1st coil part and a 2nd coil part are each formed in the same process as the above. At this time, the 2nd coil part connected to each segment is wound around the outside (upper layer) of the 1st coil part mutually connected to the other segment. That is, the second coil portion connected to the segment with the number “1” is wound around the outer side (upper layer) of the first coil portion connected to the segment with the number “9” and connected to the segment with the number “9”. The second coil portion thus wound is wound around the outer side (upper layer) of the first coil portion connected to the segment of number “9”. Even if the winding is wound in this way, the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained, and the time for the winding process can be shortened to improve the productivity.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the winding is wound using one flyer has been described. However, the winding may be wound using a plurality of flyers as in the first embodiment. Even if the winding is wound in this way, the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained, and the time of the winding process can be shortened and the productivity can be improved.

  -In the said embodiment, the order of the said 1st formation process and a 2nd formation process is not limited. For example, the first forming process (or the second forming process) is performed on all the segments 14 in which the first forming process is executed next to the second forming process, and the first forming process and the second forming process are alternately executed repeatedly. ), The second forming step (or the first forming step) is executed.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rotating electrical machine according to an embodiment. The principal part plane explanatory drawing of a rotary electric machine. Explanatory drawing which shows the coil | winding of 1st Embodiment. The expanded view of the coil | winding in 1st Embodiment. (A) (b) is schematic which shows the effect | action of this Embodiment. (A) (b) is the schematic which shows the effect | action of the conventional rotary electric machine. (A) (b) is a schematic diagram showing a two-layer winding, (c) (d) is a schematic diagram showing a one-layer winding. (A) (b) is explanatory drawing which shows the coil | winding of 2nd Embodiment. (A) and (b) are the expanded views of the coil | winding in 2nd Embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the coil | winding in case the positional relationship of a coil part and a segment differs with respect to 1st Embodiment. (A) (b) is explanatory drawing which shows the coil | winding in case the positional relationship of a coil part and a segment differs with respect to 2nd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

  3 ... Armature, 11, 11a, 11b ... Teeth, 13 ... Winding part, 14 ... Segment, 16a-16d ... Brush, 21, 42 ... First coil part, 22, 52 ... Second coil part, 23, 24 , 25 ... crossover wire, 41 ... first winding portion, 43, 44 ... crossover wire, 51 ... second winding portion, 53, 54 ... crossover wire.

Claims (7)

A core having a plurality of teeth, a commutator having a plurality of segments to which a plurality of brushes having four or more poles are slidably contacted, and connected between two segments and wound around at least one or more of the teeth. In an armature having a winding part, and a rotating shaft that penetrates the core and the commutator,
The winding portion is
A plurality of coil portions wound at the same number of turns on the teeth at intervals corresponding to the number of poles of the brush;
A first crossover connecting one of the two segments and one coil part;
A second jumper connecting the other of the two segments and one of the other coil portions;
A third crossover connecting the plurality of coil portions in series,
The length of the said 1st crossover wire and the said 2nd crossover wire was made substantially equal, The armature characterized by the above-mentioned. A core having a plurality of teeth, a commutator having a plurality of segments to which two sets of brushes are slidably contacted, and a winding connected between the two segments and wound across at least one or more of the teeth In an armature having a portion and a rotating shaft that penetrates the core and the commutator,
The winding portion is
A first coil portion and a second coil portion having a 180 degree interval and formed with the same number of turns;
A first crossover connecting one of the two segments and the first coil portion;
A second crossover connecting the other of the two segments and the second coil portion;
A third connecting wire connecting the first coil part and the second coil part,
The length of the said 1st crossover wire and the said 2nd crossover wire was made substantially equal, The armature characterized by the above-mentioned. A core having a plurality of teeth, a commutator having a plurality of segments to which a four-pole brush is slidably contacted, and a winding wound between the two segments and straddling at least one or more of the teeth In an armature having a portion and a rotating shaft that penetrates the core and the commutator,
A first winding part and a second winding part are connected in parallel between the two segments,
The first winding portion includes a first coil portion wound around the teeth, and a connecting wire connecting the first coil portion to the two segments,
The second winding portion includes a second coil portion in which a winding is wound with the same number of turns as the first coil portion, and a jumper wire that connects the second coil portion to the two segments. ,
The coil part of the first winding part and the coil part of the second winding part are formed to have an interval of 180 degrees,
The armature characterized in that the sum of the lengths of the jumper wires in each of the windings is made substantially equal. A core having a plurality of teeth, a commutator having a plurality of segments to which a four-pole brush is slidably contacted, and a winding wound between the two segments and straddling at least one or more of the teeth And a rotating shaft that penetrates the core and the commutator,
Connecting a winding to the first segment;
Rotating the armature approximately 90 degrees in a first direction and winding a winding around at least one of the teeth to form a first coil portion;
Rotating the armature 180 degrees in a first direction and winding a winding around at least one of the teeth to form a second coil portion having the same number of turns as the first coil portion;
Rotating the armature approximately 90 degrees in a first direction and connecting the winding to a second segment adjacent to the first segment;
A method of manufacturing an armature comprising: A core having a plurality of teeth, a commutator having a plurality of segments to which a four-pole brush is slidably contacted, and a winding wound between the two segments and straddling at least one or more of the teeth And a rotating shaft that penetrates the core and the commutator,
A first winding part and a second winding part are connected in parallel between the two segments,
A first forming step of forming the first winding portion;
A second forming step of forming the second winding portion,
The first forming step includes
Connecting the first winding to the first segment;
Rotating the armature approximately 90 degrees in a first direction and winding a first winding around at least one of the teeth to form a coil portion;
Rotating the armature in a first direction 270 degrees and connecting the first winding to a second segment adjacent to the first segment;
The second forming step includes
Connecting a second winding to the first segment;
Rotating the armature approximately 270 degrees in a first direction and winding the second winding around at least one of the teeth to form a coil portion;
Rotating the armature approximately 90 degrees in a first direction and connecting the second winding to a second segment adjacent to the first segment;
An armature manufacturing method characterized by the above.   The first forming step or the second forming step is performed on all the segments, and then the second forming step or the first forming step is performed on all the segments. Item 6. A method for manufacturing an armature according to Item 5.   The armature manufacturing method according to claim 5 or 6, comprising at least two flyers, wherein each of the flyers simultaneously forms the winding portion.

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