JP2001183060A - Delivery apparatus in grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate moisture nonuniformity by mixing grains flowing down from a plurality of paths by controlling a rate of delivery by a delivery valve which rotate normally or reversely. SOLUTION: The delivery apparatus is provided with a delivery valve at the lower part of grain flow-down paths. The valve delivers grains, while drying them, in a normal/reverse interlocking operation by a single delivery motor. In the delivery apparatus, there are further provided a moisture detection means and a variation calculation means for calculating a moisture variation on the basis of the detected data, and a delivery control means which changes the number of times of a continuous driving of the delivery valve, to control the moisture variation to a predetermined value or lower when the detected moisture value is at least a predetermined moisture value and the moisture variation is at least a predetermined value, and the rate of a grain delivery from the flow-down paths is changed to accelerate the grain mixing.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a feeding device in a grain drying device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art
In the circulating grain drying apparatus, a delivery valve in the form of a drum shutter is provided below the grain downflow passage, and the grain flowing down into the drum is discharged by the reverse rotation of the delivery motor in conjunction with the forward / reverse rotation of the delivery motor. By the way, since the delivery valve is configured to rotate forward and backward every rotation, when, for example, a delivery valve is provided at the lower junction of the left and right flow passages, the kernels are uniformly delivered from the respective passages. However, when the variation in water content is large, the variation can be eliminated by mixing the grains, but in the form in which the left and right portions are uniformly fed as described above, the drying is continued with the variation kept forever.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, the present invention takes the following technical measures. In other words, the invention according to claim 1 is provided with a delivery valve for delivering grains from these downflow passages in a forward and reverse interlocking manner by a single delivery motor at a lower portion of the plurality of grain downflow passages, In a configuration in which the grain is dried while being fed, a moisture detecting means and a variation calculating means for calculating a moisture variation based on the detected data are provided, and the detected moisture value is not less than a predetermined moisture value, and Is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the feeding device in the grain drying apparatus is provided with a feeding control means for changing the number of continuous driving of the feeding valve until the moisture variation becomes equal to or less than the predetermined value.

According to the second and third aspects of the present invention, the variation calculation means uses a standard deviation or a moving average to represent the standard deviation. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the number of times of continuous driving of the delivery valve is changed based on the amount of expansion.

[0005]

The moisture measurement signal is output at predetermined time intervals during the grain drying operation. The average moisture value and the standard deviation are calculated, and the sequence of the feeding motor 67 is changed, or the motor is driven while maintaining the standard. When the drive cycle and the number of continuous drives of the delivery valve 10 are changed in accordance with the sequence change, more grains are continuously delivered from one of the plurality of downflow paths than in the standard drive state, and then the other downflow path As a result, the amount of grains fed out from each other is larger than usual, and the mixing of grains in the lower grain collecting section is promoted. Therefore, grains having relatively different moisture variations are mixed with each other, and it is possible to promote moisture equilibrium. Further, if the number of times of continuous driving is adjusted to the amount of insertion, the grain mixing can be properly performed without any inconvenience.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a machine frame of a grain drying machine, in which a storage tank 2, a drying room 3, and a grain collecting room 4 are installed vertically from above,
In the drying chamber 3, the grain flow passages 9, 9 are formed in a V-shape between a hot air chamber 6 communicating with the burner 5 and an exhaust air chamber 8 communicating with the exhaust device 7. The structure is such that hot and cold air is blown on the grains flowing down at predetermined intervals by a forward / reverse rotation of a delivery valve 10 provided at a lower portion of the passages 9, 9 to dry the grains.

A grain raising machine 11 is provided outside the machine casing 1 for lifting and returning the grains collected on one side of the grain collecting chamber 4 to a storage tank 2. The grain raising machine 11 has a configuration in which a belt 14 with a bucket 13 is wound between pulleys 12 and 12 inside and below, and a dried grain transferred to one side by a lower transfer spiral 15 provided horizontally below the grain collecting chamber 4. The structure is such that the grains can be scooped and transferred to the upper part. Grains scooped up by the grain raising machine 11 and thrown at the upper portion are guided to the start end side of a transfer gutter 18 provided with an upper transfer spiral 17 through a throw opening 16. In addition, transfer spiral 1
The grains horizontally transferred at 7 are guided by a rotary diffusion plate 19 provided at the upper center of the storage tank 2 and are diffused and dropped into the storage tank 2.

The grain raising machine 11, upper and lower transfer spirals 1
The grain circulation system composed of 5, 17 and the like is rotated and linked by a drive motor 20 at the lower corner of the machine frame. The lower transfer spiral 15 rotates and interlocks with the drive shaft of the motor 20 via a counter pulley 21. The rotation of the lower transfer spiral 15 rotates the bucket belt 14 of the grain raising machine 11 in conjunction with the rotation of the lower transport spiral 15.
The upper transfer spiral 17 can be linked by an interlock belt (not shown) between the upper pulley 12 and the upper transfer spiral 17.

A supply port 23 is provided on the side wall 22 at an appropriate height of the grain raising machine 11 so as to correspond to a position within a left-right interval between the forward and backward strokes of the bucket belt 14, and the supply port 23 is provided. The unit is provided with a moisture meter 24 detachably. The moisture meter 24 electrically crushes one sample particle between a pair of electrode rolls (not shown), which are viewed below a feed roll (not shown) of the supply port 23, for example. It is configured to process and convert to a grain moisture value.

On the front side of the machine frame 1, a connection guide frame 25 is provided over the left and right width, and a detachable hot air generating cylinder 26 is provided on the front of the connection guide frame 25, and the burner 5 is housed inside the hot air generating cylinder 26. are doing. The burner 5 is in the form of a gun burner in the embodiment, and the main body is laterally biased toward the lower right side of the hot air generating cylinder 26.

In the hot air generating cylinder 26, a hot air duct 36 is provided in the left half, and the fan cover 3 of the burner 5 is provided.
The control box 38 for performing the control required for the drying operation is detachably mounted on the wall surface of the connection guide frame 25 in an extra space, that is, on the upper side of the one side, in a layout in which the 0 and the combustion cylinder 33 are laid out on the lower side. It is fixed freely.

The control box 38 has operation mode switches 41, 42, and 43 for operation, combustion, and stop, setting switches 44 and 45 for setting the finish moisture and the amount of infiltration, and setting of the drying time on the operation panel 40. Increase / decrease switch 4 for
6, 47, etc. are arranged. 48 is an emergency stop switch,
Reference numeral 49 denotes a display unit. The front cover of the hot air generating cylinder 26 corresponding to the operation panel 40 has an opening 26b for operation.

On the back side of the machine frame 1, the exhaust device 7 is provided. The exhaust device 7 includes a centrifugal fan 50 that rotates at a high speed, a fan body 51 containing the fan, an exhaust duct 52, and the like, and forms a circular opening 53 on the back of the machine frame 1 so as to be seen in the exhaust chamber 8. It is. The centrifugal fan 50
A plurality of blades 56, 56... Are arranged at a predetermined angle around the center of the rotation shaft 55 to constitute one-sided suction, and the fan body 51 generates wind with the rotation of the centrifugal fan 50, and removes air from the circular opening 53. It is configured to discharge upward.

The air discharge duct 52 connected to the fan body 51 has an opening which is changed to a horizontal direction. Since both of the air discharge ducts 52 are circularly fitted, the air discharge duct 52 is arranged around the vertical axis. In this configuration, the direction can be adjusted in any direction.

A pulley 57 is provided at the outer end of the rotary shaft 55, and a belt 5 is provided between the second counter pulley 21a provided integrally with the counter pulley 21 and the pulley 57.
8 and interlock with the circulating motor 20.

FIG. 9 is a control block diagram. The control unit 61 of the control box 38 includes the operation panel 40.
Operation / combustion / stop operation mode switches 4
1, 42, 43, finish moisture, setting amount setting switch 4
4, 45, increase / decrease switch 46 for setting drying time,
47, the valve sensor 62, the moisture meter 2
4. Various detection signals from the load detector 63 of the circulating system motor 20, the hot air temperature sensor 64, the outside air temperature sensor 65, the air volume sensor 66, and the like are input. On the other hand, as an output signal, a circulating system motor 2 that drives a circulating system and exhaust device 7 such as the elevator
0, a drive motor 67 drive signal, a burner 5 drive signal, a display output signal of the display unit 49, and the like, which can be rotated forward and reverse for the feed valve 10.

When the operation switch 41 is turned on, the circulating motor 20 and the delivery motor 67 are started. When the combustion switch 42 is turned on, a start signal is output to the burner system, and the burner enters an ignition combustion state. When the stop switch 43 is turned on, each part in the activated state is stopped.
Therefore, the operation switch 41 is turned on when the so-called squeezing mode or the discharge mode is set, and the combustion switch 42 is turned on in addition to the operation switch 41 to set the drying mode.

The feed motor 67 is controlled and output so as to intermittently drive forward and reverse. That is, the delivery valve 10 which is formed by notching a predetermined width above and below the cylindrical drum and which is opened (a) and (b) always has the opening (a) and (b) above.
When the control is output to the feeding motor 67, it is first rotated 360 degrees forward (for example, clockwise).
Then, while the downward opening (b) is rotating upward, the grains of the left grain downflow passage 9 are mainly taken in, and reach the position where the opening (b) faces downward again and are discharged to the grain collecting chamber 4. Further, after the forward rotation of 360 degrees, the rotation is reversed 360 degrees (left rotation), and the grain is mainly taken in the right grain downflow passage 9 and discharged again with the opening facing downward.

The upward opening (a) is filled with grains at the time of stoppage, and is discharged as needed with forward and reverse rotation. The valve position detection is performed by, for example, the valve sensor 62 including the magnetic body 69 on the valve shaft 68 side and the fixed reed switch 70. The structure is such that the output is controlled and output to the feed motor 67 so as to execute the above-described forward / reverse rotation as a unit at predetermined time intervals.

The feeding control will be described in more detail.
The delivery valve 10 is controlled by a delivery control means included in the control unit 61 as shown in the flowchart of FIG. That is, a predetermined number of grains (for example, 100
The grain moisture is detected for each grain) unit, but the control unit 61 calculates the standard deviation σ in addition to the moisture average value M. The feeding control means outputs the following command signal to the feeding motor 67 based on the conditions of the average moisture value M and the standard deviation σ. After the moisture measurement is completed and the moisture value and the standard deviation are calculated (steps 1 and 2),
It is determined whether or not the grain type is paddy (Step 3), and in the case of paddy, it is further determined whether or not the moisture value is equal to or greater than a predetermined value N (Step 4). Here, it is determined whether or not the standard deviation is equal to or larger than a preset value α (for example, 4) (step 5). If the standard deviation exceeds this value, the feeding motor 67 performs a sequence change process, that is, the feeding valve. 10 is repeatedly driven forward / reverse with a cycle of forward rotation-forward rotation-reverse rotation-reverse rotation (step 6). If any of the moisture value and the standard deviation is less than the predetermined value in Steps 4 and 5, the feeding motor 67 is driven in the normal sequence process, that is, in the normal / reverse rotation cycle (Step 7). The value N in step 4 is, for example, 18%.

When it is determined in step 3 that the wheat is not rice but wheat, the moisture value is equal to or greater than a predetermined value n (eg, 15%) and the standard deviation is equal to or greater than a predetermined value β (eg, 4). (Steps 8 and 9) In the same manner as described above, the process of changing the sequence of the delivery motor 67 is executed, that is, the delivery valve 10 is repeatedly driven forward and backward with a cycle of forward rotation-forward rotation-reverse rotation-reverse rotation (step 10). If any of the moisture value and the standard deviation is smaller than the predetermined value in steps 8 and 9, the feed motor 67 executes a normal sequence process (step 11).

Reference numeral 71 denotes a spout opening on the side of the machine frame 1, and reference numeral 72 denotes a side hopper which opens and closes the spout 71 and serves as a pad for charging paddy bags. The grains supplied from the side hopper 72 are inserted into the storage tank 2 via the lower transfer spiral 15, the elevator 11 and the upper transfer spiral 17. 73 is a discharge shutter.

The operation of the above example will be described. When the operation switch 41 is turned on, the circulation system motor 20 and the delivery motor 67 are started. A predetermined amount of grains is loaded from the side hopper 72 into the storage tank 2 using the grain raising machine 11, but the grains once loaded into the storage tank 2 flow down with the rotation of the delivery valve 10 and are stored again. A so-called circulation stitching that is returned to the tank 2 is performed. During this time, the air exhaust device 7 is driven, so that the kernels in the flow-down passages 9 and 9 are ventilated to perform preliminary drying.

Next, the drying operation is started by setting the grain type, the finish moisture and the like. When the combustion switch 42 is turned on (when the stop switch 43 is turned on after the end of the staking operation to stop the operation, the operation switch 41 is also turned on), a drive signal is output to the burner 5, the burner 5 is ignited, and the hot air is ignited. Enter drying.

When the intended drying operation is completed, a discharge operation for discharging the grains is started. When the operation switch 41 is turned on and the discharge shutter 73 is opened, the grains are discharged outside the machine.

A measurement signal is output to the moisture meter 24 at predetermined time intervals on the way. When the measurement of 100 grains is completed, the average moisture value and the standard deviation are calculated, and the sequence of the feeding motor 67 is changed or driven while maintaining the standard according to the flow shown in FIG. With the change of the sequence, the delivery valve 10 is also driven forward / reverse repeatedly with a cycle of forward rotation / forward rotation / reverse rotation / reverse rotation, so that two rotations of the grain are continuously delivered from one downflow passage 9 (for example, the left side). Then, the grains for two rotations are also fed from the other flow-down passage 9 (right side). As a result, the quantity of the grains alternately fed is doubled, and the grain mixing in the grain collecting chamber 4 is promoted. Is done. Therefore, grains having relatively different moisture variations are mixed with each other, and the water equilibrium can be promoted.

Although the standard deviation is used for judging the magnitude of the moisture variation, the variation may be predicted by another method, for example, the magnitude of the ratio of immature grains.

FIG. 10 shows another embodiment. In addition to the configuration in which the sequence of the delivery motor is changed when the standard deviation γ is equal to or more than a predetermined value (for example, 4), the amount of inflation δ is set to a predetermined value (for example, level 3). It is determined whether or not this is the case. If the amount of expansion is large, the continuous rotation speed of the delivery valve 10 is set to a large value in consideration of the amount. That is, in the embodiment, when the amount of insertion is equal to or more than level 3, the number of continuous rotations of the normal rotation and the reverse rotation is set to three,
A sequence in which forward rotation-forward rotation-forward rotation-reverse rotation-reverse rotation-reverse rotation is performed as one cycle is executed. In the above description, if the amount of intrusion is less than level 3, a sequence of forward rotation-forward rotation-reverse rotation-reverse rotation cycle is executed. Standard deviation is predetermined value 4
If it is less than the normal sequence, the normal rotation-reverse rotation is repeated.

When the continuous rotation speed of the delivery valve 10 is determined in consideration of the amount of expansion, the amount of expansion per cycle is changed and set depending on the amount of expansion, so that mixing is optimized.

Although the number of drive times in each sequence mode in the embodiment is the same for the left and right sides, these may be different.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a dryer main body.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a dryer main body.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the front of the dryer.

FIG. 4 is a side view thereof.

FIG. 5 is a rear view of the dryer.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the operation panel surface.

FIG. 7 is a control block diagram.

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of a delivery valve driving unit.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... machine frame, 2 ... storage tank, 3 ... drying room, 4 ... grain collection room,
5: Burner cylinder, 6: Hot air chamber, 7: Exhaust air system, 8: Exhaust air chamber, 9, 9 ... Grain downflow passage, 10 ... Discharge valve, 11 ...
Grain raising machine, 12, 12 ... pulley, 13 ... bucket, 14 ...
Bucket belt, 15: Lower transfer spiral, 16: Opening opening, 17: Upper transfer spiral, 18: Transfer gutter, 19: Rotary diffuser, 20: Drive motor, 21: Counter pulley, 2
2 ... side wall, 23 ... supply port, 24 ... moisture meter, 25 ... connection guide frame, 26 ... hot air generating cylinder, 27 ... motor, 28 ... axis, 2
9 ... fan, 30 ... fan cover, 31 ... electromagnetic pump,
32: Combustion cylinder, 33: Connection cylinder, 34: Guide cylinder, 35: Guide cylinder, 36: Hot air duct, 37: Flange joint, 3
8 ... control box, 40 ... operation panel, 41, 4
2, 43: operation mode switch, 44, 45: setting switch, 46, 47: increase / decrease switch, 48: emergency stop switch, 49: display unit, 50: centrifugal fan, 51: fan body, 52: exhaust duct 53, circular opening, 55, rotating shaft, 56, blade, 57, 57, 58, belt, 61, control unit, 62, valve sensor, 64, hot air temperature sensor, 6
5: outside air temperature sensor, 66: air volume sensor, 67: feeding motor, 68: valve rotating shaft, 69: magnetic body, 70: reed switch, 71: inlet, 72: side hopper, 73
... Discharge shutter

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2G060 AA12 AC01 AF07 CA04 CA06 CC08 HC08 HC10 HC14 HE10 3L113 AA07 AB04 AC04 AC31 AC40 AC41 AC48 AC53 AC56 AC57 AC59 AC63 AC73 AC78 AC79 AC80 AC86 AC90 BA03 CA02 CA03 CA08 CA11 CA15 CB03 CB24 CB28 CB34 CB35 CB40 DA15 DA24

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A delivery valve for delivering a grain from a plurality of grain flow passages in a lower portion of a plurality of grain flow passages while interlocking forward / reverse rotation of the grains from the flow passages by a single delivery motor, and drying the grain while feeding a predetermined amount of grains. In the configuration, a moisture detecting means and a variation calculating means for calculating a moisture variation based on the detection data are provided, and when the detected moisture value is equal to or greater than a predetermined moisture value, and the moisture variation is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. And a feeding device in a grain drying device provided with feeding control means for changing the number of continuous driving of the feeding valve until the moisture variation becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value. 2. The feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the variation calculating means determines that the variation is large when the standard deviation is equal to or more than a predetermined value. 3. The feeding device in a grain drying device according to claim 1, wherein the variation calculation means is configured to obtain a moving average value of a standard deviation. 4. The feeding device in a grain drying device according to claim 1, wherein the number of continuous driving of the feeding valve is changed based on the amount of the sticking amount.