JP2000230785A - Device for controlling amount of delivery in grain- drying device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate useless operation stop in a temporary full state due to the rising of bulk density or the like by providing the filling detection means of a storage tank and a load detection means of a circulation-system motor, and by judging whether the filling detection is being made during capacity holding or circulation drying according to a load detection result. SOLUTION: A storage tank 2, a drying chamber 3, and a grain collection chamber 4 are vertically provided in a machine casing 1 of a dryer. In the drying room 3, passages 9 and 9 for allowing a grain to flow down are formed between a hot-air chamber 6 and a wind discharge chamber 8, and the grain flowing down a dried by the forward and backward rotary interlock of a delivery valve 10. A grain circulation system is composed of a grain-raising machine 11, upper and lower transport spirals 15 and 17, and the like. A full tank sensor being turned on by receiving the pressure of the grain is provided at the ceiling part of the storage tank 2, and a load detector for detecting the current of a motor is provided. It is judged whether holding or circulation drying is being made depending on whether or not a load current value when filling is detected exceeds a threshold where a specific value is added to an initial value on no flowing down. When it is judged that the circulation drying is being made, operation is continued.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grain drying apparatus, in which at least one operation of an operation switch executes at least a stretching operation and a ventilation drying or a drying operation, the mode being a stretching mode or a circulation drying mode. The configuration for determining

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art
In the grain dryer, each mode is switched between filling, drying, discharging, and stopping, and based on this, the grain circulation system or the circulation system motor provided in each of the delivery valves is started and stopped. Was. On the other hand, in the vicinity of the ceiling of the storage tank, a full amount detecting means is generally provided to limit excessive grain penetration.

[0003] However, in recent years, simplification of operation has been required, and operability is being reduced by reducing the number of operation switches. For example, a common switch may be used in a grain circulating system in a filling operation and a drying operation. . In the penetrating operation,
Since the operation switch is operated and the kernels are successively carried in, the full amount detecting means is soon activated to notify that the full amount is reached, and the operation of each unit is stopped, which is convenient.

However, when the drying operation is performed in the full state, the full amount detecting means may be activated depending on the scattering state of the grains and the tendency of the bulk density of the grains to expand in the initial stage of drying. If the operation is stopped, it is rather inconvenient, and it is even more so in the grain drying operation where there are many opportunities for unmanned operation.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, the present invention takes the following technical measures. That is, a circulation type grain drying apparatus for drying the grains in the storage tank section by applying hot air from a burner while flowing down the drying chamber and drying the grains again by returning to the storage tank. A feeding motor for driving a feeding valve for feeding from the storage tank to the drying chamber, a circulation system motor for returning the fed kernels to the storage tank are provided, and at least the operation control panel is turned on for the feeding operation. An operation switch that starts both the motor and the circulation motor, a combustion switch that starts the burner,
And a stop switch for stopping each part of the operation, in which the storage tank full capacity detection means and the circulating motor load detection means are provided, and the full load detection during the insertion is performed based on the magnitude of the load detection result. The grain drying apparatus is provided with a determination means for determining whether or not it is the full amount detection during circulation drying.

In addition, the feed motor is started and the feed valve is interlocked to feed the grain intermittently. The load current of the circulating motor fluctuates periodically depending on whether the grain is flowing down or not. In this case, whether the detected load current value at the time of detecting the full load exceeds a threshold value obtained by adding a predetermined value Δi to the initial value I ₀ which is the load current at the time of non-flowing is determined. A determination means is provided for determining whether the detection is an amount detection or a full amount detection during circulation drying.

In the above description, the feeding motor and the circulating motor are both used. Further, a means for detecting the presence or absence of a grain in the storage tank is provided to detect the initial value I ₀ of the load current at the time of detecting no grain or to adopt the detected load current value as the initial value I ₀ .

[0008]

Therefore, even if the full-amount detecting means is activated, each part of the operation is not stopped immediately upon receiving the full-amount detecting means. When it rises above a predetermined value, it is assumed that the full amount is detected during the intrusion operation. It will continue.

Therefore, even if the operation switch cannot distinguish between the squeezing operation and the drying operation, which operation mode is used to detect the full capacity in accordance with the combination of the full capacity detection means and the load detection means of the circulating motor. It is convenient to be able to judge. In addition, in the configuration in which the feed motor is activated and the feed valve is interlocked to feed the grain intermittently, the load current of the circulating motor fluctuates in large and small cycles depending on when the grain is flowing and when the grain is not flowing. The detection of the full load during the intrusion operation depends on whether the detected load current value at the time of the full load detection exceeds a threshold value obtained by adding a predetermined value △ i to the initial value I ₀ which is the load current at the time of non-flow. In the configuration in which it is determined whether or not the full amount is detected during the circulating drying, the load of the circulating motor fluctuates periodically. Therefore, the initial value or the predetermined value △ i can be set by inputting this to the control unit. This facilitates the determination and improves the accuracy of the determination.

If a means for detecting the presence or absence of a grain in the storage tank is provided, an initial value I ₀ of the load current is detected at the time of detecting no grain, or the detected load current value is taken as the initial value I ₀ . This compensates for the initial value I ₀ when the grain is not flowing down, and does not impair the determination accuracy.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a machine frame of a grain drying machine, in which a storage tank 2, a drying room 3, and a grain collecting room 4 are installed vertically from above,
In the drying chamber 3, the grain flow passages 9, 9 are formed in a V-shape between a hot air chamber 6 communicating with the burner 5 and an exhaust air chamber 8 communicating with the exhaust device 7. The structure is such that hot and cold air is blown on the grains flowing down at predetermined intervals by a forward / reverse rotation of a delivery valve 10 provided at a lower portion of the passages 9, 9 to dry the grains.

Outside the machine frame 1, a grain raising machine 11 for lifting and reducing the grains collected on one side of the grain collecting chamber 4 to a storage tank 2 is provided. The grain raising machine 11 has a configuration in which a belt 14 with a bucket 13 is wound between pulleys 12 and 12 inside and below, and a dried grain transferred to one side by a lower transfer spiral 15 provided horizontally below the grain collecting chamber 4. The structure is such that the grains can be scooped and transferred to the upper part. Grains scooped up by the grain raising machine 11 and thrown at the upper portion are guided to the start end side of a transfer gutter 18 provided with an upper transfer spiral 17 through a throw opening 16. In addition, transfer spiral 1
The grains horizontally transferred at 7 are guided by a rotary diffusion plate 19 provided at the upper center of the storage tank 2 and are diffused and dropped into the storage tank 2.

The grain raising machine 11, upper and lower transfer spirals 1
The grain circulation system composed of 5, 17 and the like is rotated and linked by the circulation system motor 20 at the lower corner of the machine frame. The lower transfer spiral 15 rotates and interlocks with the drive shaft of the motor 20 via a counter pulley 21. The rotation of the lower transfer spiral 15 rotates the bucket belt 14 of the grain raising machine 11 in conjunction with the rotation of the lower transfer spiral 15 and the lifting and lowering mechanism 1
The upper transfer spiral 17 can be interlocked by an interlock belt (not shown) between the upper pulley 12 and the upper transfer spiral 17.

On the side wall 22 of the grain raising machine 11 at an appropriate height, a supply port 23 is provided so as to correspond to a position within the left-right interval between the forward and backward strokes of the bucket belt 14, and the supply port 23 is provided. The unit is provided with a moisture meter 24 detachably. The moisture meter 24 electrically crushes one of the sample particles between a pair of electrode rolls (not shown) viewed below a feed roll (not shown) of the supply port 23, for example, and electrically measures the resistance value. It is configured to process and convert to a grain moisture value.

On the front side of the machine frame 1, a connection guide frame 25 is provided over the left and right width, and a detachable hot air generating cylinder 26 is provided on the front of the connection guide frame 25, and the burner 5 is housed inside the hot air generating cylinder 26. are doing. The connection guide frame 25 is provided in the hot air chamber 6.
Are opened. While the connection guide frame 25 has a width equal to the left and right width of the machine frame 1, the hot air generating cylinder 26 occupies the center and the right side, and the left side where the grain raising machine 11 exists is excluded. ing. The burner 5 is in the form of a gun burner in the embodiment, a fan 29 provided integrally with a motor 27 shaft 28, a fan cover 30 covering the fan 29, and a combustion tube 3 which burns by receiving a supply of kerosene fuel from an electromagnetic pump 31.
And the main body of these burners 5 is a hot air generating cylinder 2
6 is laterally offset toward the lower right side.

A slightly smaller connecting cylinder 33 is provided at the tip end of the combustion cylinder 32, and communicates with a guide cylinder 34 having a large-diameter horizontal cylindrical shape. The guide tube 34 is provided with a short guide tube 35 connected to the upper surface thereof so as to be able to guide hot air accompanied by a flame generated in the combustion tube 32 upward. The guide tube 34,
The guide tube 35 is provided so as to be accommodated in a hot air duct 36 having a rectangular cross section which is disposed to face the square introduction port 25b opened on the front side of the connection guide frame 25. 37
Are flange joints for fixing the hot air duct 36;
Reference numeral 3a denotes a joining flange provided on the connection tube 33, and has a configuration in which the connection tube 33 and the guide tube 34 are connected and fixed on the left and right sides of the side wall of the hot air duct 36.

A circular opening 30a is formed in the side surface of the fan cover 30, and the opening area can be arbitrarily changed by adjusting a control valve 30b, so that the amount of primary air introduced can be changed and adjusted. Also, the secondary air is introduced from slits 26a, 26a,..., 36a, 36a formed in the front cover portion of the hot air generating cylinder 26 and the hot air duct 36.

In the hot air generating cylinder 26, a hot air duct 36 is disposed in the left half as described above, and the fan cover 30 of the burner 5 and the combustion tube 33 are laid out at the lower part on one side. A control box 38 for performing control required for the drying operation is fixed to the wall of the connection guide frame 25 in a detachable manner in a portion, that is, on an upper portion on one side. The control box 38 is provided with operation mode switches 41, 42, 4 for operation, combustion, and stop on its operation panel 40.
3. There are provided setting switches 44 and 45 for setting the finish moisture and the amount of infiltration, and increase / decrease switches 46 and 47 for setting the drying time. 48 is an emergency stop switch, and 49 is a display unit. The front cover of the hot air generating cylinder 26 corresponding to the operation panel 40 has an opening 26b for operation.

On the back side of the machine casing 1, the exhaust device 7 is provided. The exhaust device 7 includes a centrifugal fan 50 that rotates at a high speed, a fan body 51 containing the fan, an exhaust duct 52, and the like, and forms a circular opening 53 on the back of the machine frame 1 so as to be seen in the exhaust chamber 8. It is. The centrifugal fan 50
A plurality of blades 56, 56... Are arranged at a predetermined angle around the center of the rotation shaft 55 to constitute one-sided suction, and the fan body 51 generates wind with the rotation of the centrifugal fan 50, and removes air from the circular opening 53. It is configured to discharge upward.

The opening of the exhaust duct 52 connected to the fan body 51 is changed to a horizontal direction, and both are fitted in a circular shape. In this configuration, the direction can be adjusted in any direction. A pulley 57 is provided at the outer end of the rotary shaft 55, and the second counter pulley 2 is provided integrally with the counter pulley 21.
A belt 58 is wound around between the pulley 1a and the pulley 57,
It is configured to interlock with the circulating motor 20.

FIG. 7 is a control block diagram. The control unit 61 of the control box 38 includes the operation panel 40.
Operation / combustion / stop operation mode switches 4
1, 42, 43, finish moisture, setting amount setting switch 4
4, 45, increase / decrease switch 46 for setting drying time,
47, the valve sensor 62, the moisture meter 2
4, various detection signals such as a load detector 63 of the circulation system motor 20, a hot air temperature sensor 64, an outside air temperature sensor 65, an air volume sensor 66, and a pressure sensing type full sensor 67 as a full amount detecting means provided on the storage tank ceiling. Enter On the other hand, the output signal includes a circulating system motor 20 for driving the circulating system / exhaust device 7 such as the elevator and the like, and a delivery motor 6 for the delivery valve 10.
8 drive signals, burner 5 drive signals, display output signals of the display unit 49, and the like.

When the operation switch 41 is turned on, the circulation system motor 20 and the delivery motor 68 are started. When the combustion switch 42 is turned on, a start signal is output to the burner system, and the burner enters an ignition combustion state. When the stop switch 43 is turned on, each part in the activated state is stopped.
Therefore, the operation switch 41 is turned on when the so-called squeezing mode or the discharge mode is set, and the combustion switch 42 is turned on in addition to the operation switch 41 to set the drying mode.

The feed motor 68 is controlled and output so as to intermittently drive forward and reverse. That is, the delivery valve 10 which is notched and opened at a predetermined width in the shape of a cylindrical drum is always on standby in a state where the opening faces downward, and when a control output is provided to the delivery motor 68, first, a forward 360 ° rotation ( For example, the clockwise rotation is performed), and while the grain of the left grain downflow passage 9 is taken in, the opening reaches the downward position again and the grain collecting chamber 4
To be discharged. Note that this position detection is performed by the valve sensor 62 composed of, for example, a reed switch on the valve shaft side and a fixed magnetic body. Immediately after the forward rotation of 360 degrees, the rotation is immediately reversed 360 degrees (left rotation), and the opening of the opening is directed downward again while taking in the kernel mainly in the right kernel flow passage 9. In order to execute the forward / reverse rotation as a unit at predetermined time intervals, control is output to the feed motor 68. Further, as described later, the time between the forward / reverse rotation and the next forward / reverse rotation, that is, the off time, is controlled. This change in the off-time is equivalent to long- and short-cycle change control.

The control section 61 outputs a stop signal when it is determined that the finish moisture has been reached by processing the detection signal from the moisture meter 24. Upon receiving the stop signal, the circulating motor 20, the feed motor 68, or the burner 5 stops its operation. Next, the related control between the full sensor 67 and the load detector 63 will be described with reference to a flowchart. Note that the full sensor 67 is provided on the ceiling of the storage tank 3 and is configured to be turned on by receiving kernel pressure. The load detector 63 increases the load current value at regular intervals (solid line in FIG. 9) when the grain flows down with the forward / reverse rotation of the delivery valve 10, and when there is no grain or the grain is clogged. In this case, the load current value tends to be substantially constant (the dashed line in the figure).

When the operation switch 41 is turned on, the drive motor 20 is turned on and the circulating system is started (steps 1 and 2). At this time, the load detector 63 detects the motor current (Step 3). The detected current value I ₀ at this time is stored as an initial value in the memory (Step 4). The feeding motor 68 is turned on at the same time as or slightly after the driving motor 20 (step 5). The detection signal of the full sensor 67 is periodically received, and it is determined whether or not the sensor 67 is turned on (steps 6 and 7). When the sensor 67 is turned on, the load detector 63 detects the motor current again. Let the detected value be I (step 8). This detection result I
Then, it is determined whether or not the relationship between and the detection value I _{0 in} Step 3 satisfies I ≧ I ₀ + △ i (Step 9). Note that △ i is
The value is set to a value slightly higher than the rising value of a fixed cycle due to the forward / reverse rotation of the delivery valve 10 (FIG. 9), and in a normal grain circulation process, a value in which the above-mentioned △ i is added to the initial value I _0. The transition is as follows, and when the amount of grain increases as in the filling operation process, the transition can be more than this value.

In step 9, I ≧ I₀When + △ i
Indicates that the operation was a run-in operation, displayed the full capacity,
(Steps 10 and 11). In step 9 I
<I ₀When + △ i, it is regarded as drying operation and the stop switch
The operation is continued until 43 is pressed (step 12).
In the case of the staking operation or when the stop switch 43 of the drying operation is
When pushed, the feed motor 68 and the drive motor 20
They are turned off in order (steps 15 and 16).

Reference numeral 69 denotes a spout opening on the side of the machine frame 1, and reference numeral 70 denotes a side hopper that opens and closes the spout 69 and forms a pedestal for padding. The grains fed from the side hopper 70 are inserted into the storage tank 2 via the lower transfer spiral 15, the elevator 11 and the upper transfer spiral 17. In addition, between step 2 and step 3, a detection result from a means for detecting the presence or absence of a grain in the storage tank 2 is incorporated, and a step for detecting a motor current when the means detects no grain is added. You may. In this case, the load current is reliably detected under the non-flowing state of the grain, and the accuracy of detecting the initial value I ₀ is improved.

The operation of the above example will be described. When the operation switch 41 is turned on, the circulation system motor 20 and the delivery motor 67 are started. A predetermined amount of grains is loaded from the side hopper 70 into the storage tank 2 using the grain raising machine 11, but the grains once loaded into the storage tank 2 flow down with the rotation of the feeding valve 10 and are stored again. A so-called circulation stitching that is returned to the tank 2 is performed. During this time, the air exhaust device 7 is driven, so that the kernels in the flow-down passages 9 and 9 are ventilated to perform preliminary drying.

Next, the kind of grain, the finish moisture, etc. are set and the drying operation is started. When the combustion switch 42 is turned on (when the stop switch 43 is turned on after the end of the staking operation to stop the operation, the operation switch 41 is also turned on), a drive signal is output to the burner 5, the burner 5 is ignited, and Enter drying. That is, fuel is supplied from the electromagnetic pump 31, and an unillustrated ignition plug operates to ignite and generate a flame. The flame is extended to the combustion tube 32, the connection tube 33, and the guide tube 34 by the ventilation of the primary air introduced from the appropriately adjusted fan cover 30. The radiant heat generated by this flame is guided by the upper guide cylinder 35 and escapes upward, and flows through the hot air chamber with the blast generated by the rotation of the centrifugal fan 50.

Note that, together with the centrifugal fan 50, the lower transfer spiral 15, the elevator 1
1, the upper transfer spiral 17, the diffusion board 19, and the exhaust device are rotated and linked. Further, since the motor 67 is also in the driven state, the delivery valve 10 is rotated in the forward and reverse directions so that the grains accumulated in the valve 10 are discharged to the lower transfer spiral 15 and the grains in the downflow passages 9 and 9 are caused to flow down. Things. Therefore, the grains in the storage tank 2 are heated by the hot air while flowing down the drying chamber 3 at predetermined intervals, and reach the grain collecting chamber 4. The grains that have received the hot air are transferred to one side by a lower transfer spiral 15 and are fried by a grain raising machine 11, taken over by an upper transfer spiral 17, again reach the storage tank 2, and have a refining action for a while. receive. When such a process is repeated and the finish moisture value reaches a preset value, the drying is completed.

When the intended drying operation is completed, a discharge operation for discharging the grains is started. When the operation switch 41 is turned on and the discharge shutter 71 is opened, the grains are discharged outside the machine. In the above-described series of operation steps, as described above, the determination between the filling operation mode and the drying operation mode is made based on the relationship between the full sensor 67 and the load detector 63.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a dryer main body.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a dryer main body.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the front of the dryer.

FIG. 4 is a side view thereof.

FIG. 5 is a rear view of the dryer.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the operation panel surface.

FIG. 7 is a control block diagram.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart.

FIG. 9 is a load current curve.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... machine frame, 2 ... storage tank, 3 ... drying room, 4 ... grain collection room,
5: Burner cylinder, 6: Hot air chamber, 7: Exhaust air system, 8: Exhaust air chamber, 9, 9 ... Grain downflow passage, 10 ... Discharge valve, 11 ...
Grain raising machine, 12, 12 ... pulley, 13 ... bucket, 14 ...
Bucket belt, 15: lower transfer spiral, 16: opening of opening, 17: upper transfer spiral, 18: transfer gutter, 19: rotating diffuser, 20: circulating motor, 21: counter pulley,
22 ... side wall, 23 ... supply port, 24 ... moisture meter, 25 ... connection guide frame, 26 ... hot air generating cylinder, 27 ... motor, 28 ... shaft,
29: fan, 30: fan cover, 31: electromagnetic pump, 32: combustion cylinder, 33: connection cylinder, 34: guide cylinder, 35
... Guide tube, 36 ... Hot air duct, 37 ... Flange joint, 38 ... Control box, 40 ... Operation panel, 4
1, 42, 43: operation mode switch, 44, 45: setting switch, 46, 47: increase / decrease switch, 48: emergency stop switch, 49: display unit, 50: centrifugal fan, 51
... Fan trunk, 52 ... Exhaust air duct, 53 ... Circular opening, 55
… Rotating shaft, 56… blade, 57… 57, 58… belt, 6
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Control part, 62 ... Valve sensor, 64 ... Hot air temperature sensor, 65 ... Outside air temperature sensor, 66 ... Air volume sensor, 67 ...
Full sensor, 68 ... feeding motor, 69 ... insertion port, 70 ...
Side hopper

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A circulation type grain drying device for drying a grain in a storage tank portion by applying hot air from a burner while flowing down a drying chamber and drying the grain again, and drying the grain again in a predetermined manner, A feed motor that drives a feed valve that feeds the grain from the storage tank to the drying chamber, a circulation motor that returns the fed grain to the storage tank is provided, and at least the operation control panel has an ON operation, An operation switch for activating both the feeding motor and the circulation motor,
In the case where a combustion switch for starting a burner and a stop switch for stopping various parts of the operation are provided, a storage tank full detection unit and a circulating motor load detection unit are provided. A grain drying device provided with a determination means for determining whether the detection is a full amount detection during loading or a full amount detection during circulation drying. 2. A structure in which a feed motor is started and a feed valve is interlocked to feed grains intermittently, and a load current of a circulating motor fluctuates in a large and small cycle depending on when a grain is flowing and when a grain is not flowing. In this case, the detected load current value at the time of detection of the full amount is changed to the initial value I ₀ which is the load current at the time of non-flow by a predetermined value △
2. The grain according to claim 1, further comprising a judging means for judging whether the full amount is detected during the stuffing operation or the full amount is detected during the circulating drying based on whether or not a threshold value obtained by adding i is exceeded. Grain drying equipment. 3. The grain drying device according to claim 1, wherein the feed motor and the circulation system motor are combined. 4. A method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of detecting presence / absence of a grain in the storage tank, detecting an initial value I ₀ of the load current at the time of detecting no grain, or taking the detected load current value as the initial value I _0. The grain drying device according to claim 2 or 3.