JPH10123078A - Grain moisture detecting indicator for grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To notify a detected state of grain moisture plainly to an operator by indicating the mean moisture of a grain detected through a moisture sensor simultaneously with the deviation. SOLUTION: Drying work of grain is started, measurement of moisture of grain is started using a moisture sensor 2, voltage of one grain moisture is read in and the moisture of grain is calculated. Number of grains of that moisture block is then counted and added with a simple mean moisture data. When a preset number, e.g. 32, of grains are detected and a decision of YES is made, mean moisture is calculated based on the moisture distribution and the simple mean moisture. Furthermore, a deviation is calculated based on the moisture distribution and the mean moisture and indicated on the indication means 35 of an operating unit together with a moisture frequency distribution.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a display device for detecting moisture in a grain dried by a grain dryer and displaying the detected grain moisture.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art While a grain is being dried in a grain drying chamber of a grain dryer, a predetermined number of moisture values are detected for each of the grains during drying by a moisture sensor. The average moisture value of the grain moisture is calculated, and the calculated average moisture value is displayed.

[0003]

Since only the detected average moisture value is displayed, the operator cannot know the variation state of the grain moisture or the like, but the detected grain moisture state is easy to understand. It is intended to inform the operator.

[0004]

For this purpose, the present invention relates to a grain drying machine provided with a grain drying chamber 8 for drying grains and a moisture sensor 2 for detecting grain moisture during drying.
A control device 41 for simultaneously controlling the display of the average moisture value and the deviation of the grain detected by the moisture sensor 2 on the display means 35; I do.

[0005]

While the grains are being dried in the grain drying chamber 8 of the grain dryer, the moisture sensor 2 detects the moisture value of a predetermined number of grains one by one. A moisture frequency distribution of the detected grain moisture is created, and an average moisture value is calculated. Both the calculated average moisture value and the deviation are simultaneously displayed by the control device 41 on, for example, the display means 35 of the operating device for starting and stopping the dryer.

[0006]

By displaying both the average moisture value and the deviation of the grain, the detected moisture condition of the grain can be easily understood and notified to the operator. For this reason, the operator can also know the moisture variation of the grain during drying.

[0007]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The figure shows a circulation type grain dryer 1 for drying grains.
1 shows a state in which a moisture sensor 2 for detecting moisture in a grain and a burner 3 for generating hot air are mounted. The dryer 1 is provided with a transfer trough 5 having a transfer spiral rotatably mounted therein and a ceiling plate 6 above the machine wall 4 in a rectangular shape which is long in the front-rear direction. A grain storage chamber 7 for storing is formed.

[0008] The grain drying chambers 8, 8 are provided below the storage chamber 7 between the left and right exhaust chambers 9, 9 and the central blowing chamber 10, and below the drying chambers 8, 8, Discharge valves 11 for distributing and flowing down the grains are rotatably supported on respective shafts. The collecting gutter 12 rotatably supports a transfer spiral and is provided below each of the drying chambers 8 and 8 so as to communicate with each other.

The burner 3 is provided inside a burner case 13, and the burner case 13 is detachably attached to the outside of the front machine wall 4 in front of the front machine wall 4 so as to correspond to the inlet side of the blower chamber 10. The operation device 14 for starting and stopping the dryer 1, the moisture sensor 2, and the burner 3 for each of the operations of inserting, drying, and discharging is detachably attached to the outer surface of the front machine wall 4. Is provided.

The exhaust fan 15 is provided on a rear exhaust wall 17 in the center of the exhaust passage chamber 16 provided to communicate with the left and right exhaust chambers 9, 9 on the rear machine wall 4. The wall 4 is provided with a blower motor 18 for driving the blower 15 to rotate. The valve motor 19 drives the delivery valves 11 and 11 to rotate via a speed reduction mechanism.

The fuel pump 20 has a fuel valve,
The fuel pump 20 sucks the fuel in the fuel tank 21 and supplies the fuel to the burner 3 by opening and closing the fuel valve. Blower 22
Is provided on the outer side of the upper plate, is driven to rotate at a variable speed by a blower motor 23 for speed change, and blows combustion air corresponding to the supplied fuel amount to the burner 3 by the blower 22.

The diffusion board 24 is provided at the center in the front-rear direction of the bottom plate of the transfer gutter 5 and below the supply port for supplying the transfer kernels to the storage room 7, and the diffusion kernels are uniformly diffused and reduced to the storage room 7. ing.
The grain-raising machine 25 is provided on the outer side of the front-side machine wall 4 and has a belt with a bucket conveyor 26 stretched inside. The upper end is provided with a discharge cylinder 27 between the transfer-gutter 5 and the start end. The lower end is provided with a supply gutter 28 between the end portion of the grain collecting gutter 12 and the lower end thereof.

The grain raising machine motor 29 is mounted on the bucket conveyor 2.
The belt with 6, the transfer spiral in the transfer gutter 5, the diffusion board 24, the transfer spiral in the grain collecting gutter 12, and the like are rotationally driven. The moisture sensor 2 is provided substantially at the center of the grain raising machine 25 in the vertical direction, and the moisture sensor 2 is rotated by a transmission of an electrical measurement signal from the operating device 14 at predetermined time intervals. The feed roller 31 of the moisture sensor 2 and the detection rolls 32, 32, etc. are driven to rotate, and the grains falling during transportation to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 26 are received by the guide plate 33 and the feed roll 31. Transfer groove 3 of roll 31
4 and the guide plate 33, the grains are fed one by one and supplied one by one between the lower detection rolls 32, 32, and the grains supplied one by one by the detection rolls 32, 32 are removed. For example, 32 grains are pressed and crushed, and the water content of the 32 crushed grains is detected.

The moisture sensor 2 detects the moisture value of one grain, and creates a moisture frequency distribution representing the relationship between the detected moisture value and the number of grains as shown in display item 1 in FIG. The display device for displaying the detected grain moisture and the like is configured as a display means 35 provided in the operation device 14, and the display on the display means 35 is as shown in the display item 1 in FIG.
The moisture content distribution, and further, the average moisture value (MSN) and the deviation (σN) (from standard) of the grain calculated from the moisture content distribution are sequentially displayed as shown in display item 2 in FIG. The average moisture value (MSN) and the deviation (σN) are simultaneously displayed on the display means 35.

The display of the detected grain moisture on the display means 35 is performed, for example, by counting the number of grains of 32 grains moisture measured at one time in a moisture block of a predetermined moisture range. As shown in the display item 1 of FIG. 2, the moisture content distribution of the relationship between the detected moisture value (block) and the number of grains is displayed. The display means 35 can be used to check the variation in water content, the number of immature grains (degree of mixing), and the like at a glance.

The operation device 14 has a box-like shape, and a display means 35 for displaying various items in, for example, a liquid crystal format on a surface plate of the box body.
Function setting means 36 of an ON-OFF switch using a plurality of push buttons for setting various functions to be operated at the time of starting each operation of stretching, drying and discharging of the dryer 1 and for changing setting items, 37, 38, 39 and a stopping means 40 for performing a stop operation are provided, and these function setting means 36, 37, 3
The various functions set by the operations of steps 8 and 39 are displayed on the display unit 35.
Is displayed.

The function display of these function setting means 36, 37, 38, 39 before the start of each of the work of sticking, drying, and discharging is displayed on the sticking, drying, discharging, changing and displaying means 35 as shown in FIG. Is displayed. These function setting means 36, 37, and 3 for setting the grain type, the drying mode, and the like.
As shown in FIG. 7, the display of the functions 8 and 39 indicates the grain, the mode, the change, and the return on the display unit 35.

The control device 41 is provided in the operating device 14,
Digital input circuit 43 to which the detection input of paddy flow sensor 42, the input of digital sensor information, the operation of each function setting means 36, 37, 38, 39, and the stop means 40, the input of analog sensor information, the moisture sensor 2 And an analog input circuit 45 to which a detection value detected by the hot air temperature sensor 44 is input, an A / D conversion circuit 46, a serial data receiving circuit 47, a digital input circuit 49 to which a memory clear 48 is input, and each of these input circuits 43 , 45, 46, 47, 49
A microcomputer 50 for performing an arithmetic and logic operation, a comparison operation, and the like on the input from the microcomputer 51, a memory 51, and a blower motor 18 via an output circuit 52 in accordance with a command from the control microcomputer 50.
To control the start and stop of the valve motor 19 and the grain raising motor 29 via an output circuit 53, and to control the fuel valve and the fuel pump 2 via an output circuit 54.
0, start, stop, and adjust control, and start, stop, and adjust the blower motor 23 via an output circuit 55, start and stop the moisture motor 30 via an output circuit 56, and display via a display circuit 57. Various items are controlled to be displayed on the display means 35, and are constituted by a serial data transmission circuit 58, a nonvolatile memory 59 and the like.

The water content detection control and display control of the grain are
The function is controlled as described below. The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 1. When the grain drying operation is started (step 101), the moisture sensor 2 starts the moisture measurement (detection) of the grain. (Step 102), the voltage of one grain moisture is read (Step 103), the moisture value of the grain is calculated (Step 104), the number of grains is counted in the corresponding moisture block (Step 105), and the simple average moisture ( Moisture data for the calculation of mSN) is added (step 106), and it is detected whether a fixed number of grains, for example, the set 32 grains, has been detected (step 107). If NO is detected, the process returns to step 103. If YES is detected, the average moisture (MSN) is calculated from the moisture distribution and the simple average moisture (mSN) (step 108), and the deviation (σN) is calculated from the moisture distribution and the simple average moisture (mSN) (step 10).
9) The moisture content distribution of display item 1 in FIG. 2 is displayed on the display means 35 of the operating device 14 (step 110). The average moisture value (MSN) of display item 2 in FIG. 2 is displayed on the display means 35 (step 111). The deviation (σN) of the display item 2 in FIG. 2 is displayed on the display means 35 (step 1).
12). The moisture measurement ends (step 113). Return is made (step 114). In addition, these average moisture values (M
SN) and the deviation (σN) are displayed on the display means 35 at the same time.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the display control of the water frequency distribution and the elapsed time. The operation will be described with reference to the flow chart of FIG. 9.
Step 204 is controlled as shown. The counting of the operation time (T) from the start of the drying operation is started by a counter (not shown) provided in the operating device 14 (Step 205), and the process proceeds to Step 206, where Step 206 is performed.
Step 207 is controlled as shown. The elapsed time (T1) is determined from the operation time (T) (step 2).
08), the moisture content distribution is displayed as in display item 1 in FIG. 2 (step 209), and the drying time (elapsed time) (T1), the average moisture value (MSN), and the deviation ( σN) and the like are simultaneously displayed on the display means 35 (step 210). It is detected whether the drying is completed (step 21).
1) If YES is detected, the process proceeds to step 212, and steps 212 to 214 are controlled as shown. Return is made (step 215).

If NO is detected in step 211, it is detected whether a predetermined time has elapsed (step 216). When YES is detected, the process returns to step 206, and when NO is detected, the process returns to step 216. If NO is detected in step 202, the process proceeds to step 215. As described above, the relationship between the elapsed drying time (T1) and the water distribution state can be simultaneously notified to the operator.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing display control of the moisture content distribution and the moisture value of the moisture block having the largest number of grains. FIG.
The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 0. The kernel drying operation is started (step 301), the process proceeds to step 302, and steps 302 to 307 are controlled as shown. The moisture block having the maximum number of grains is determined (step 308), and the moisture frequency distribution is displayed as shown in display item 1 of FIG. 2 (step 309), and the moisture value of the largest grain number block is displayed as shown in display item 1 of FIG. But, for example,
If it is 24.5%, it is displayed as 24.5% (step 310). In addition, an average moisture value (MSN), a deviation (σN), and the like are displayed as in display item 2 in FIG. The moisture measurement ends (step 311). Return is made (step 312).

As described above, in displaying the moisture block, the operator can know the center of the distribution clearly by displaying the moisture value of the moisture block having a large number of grains. FIG. 11 shows that the moisture value in the moisture frequency distribution display is composed of a plurality of moisture blocks obtained by dividing the entire range of the moisture detection range (the maximum value and the minimum value that can be measured mechanically) into fixed moisture increments, and the moisture value. It is a figure which shows the display control of.

The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 11. The drying operation of the grain is started (step 4).
01), Steps 402 to 407 are controlled as shown. As shown in display item 1 in FIG. 2, the whole grain moisture to be detected is divided into 0.5% moisture blocks and displayed, for example (step 408).
As in the display item 2 in FIG. 2, the average moisture value (MSN), the deviation (σN), and the like are displayed. The moisture measurement ends (step 409). Return is made (step 410).

As described above, by setting the moisture display area to the entire range of the detected area, the state of moisture distribution becomes easy to see.
In addition, the movement of the distribution for each measurement (as the drying proceeds) becomes easy to understand. 12 to 15 are diagrams showing display control of the drying time when the drying time is reserved and the drying is performed.

As shown in FIG. 12, the function setting means 36 is operated to set an initial drying time (TS), and the function setting means 37 is operated to set a pause time. As shown in FIG. Setting means 36, 37, 38 and function setting means 39
The operation device 14 having a function capable of setting the whole drying time (T), the amount of inlaid grain, and the like, and the display means 35 having a function capable of displaying the above are provided on the operation device 14. ing.

The total drying time (T) is equal to the initial drying time (T
When the value is larger than S), the remaining time (difference) is set as the drying time after the pause time.
When it is small, it is configured to stop during the initial drying and cancel the resting process thereafter. During the drying, the initial drying time (TS) and the remaining time of the entire drying time (T) are separately displayed and controlled as shown in FIG.
In addition, it is configured to display the water frequency distribution and the like.

The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 15. The operation of drying the grain is started (step 50).
1) The set overall drying time (T) is determined (step 502), the set initial drying time (TS) is determined (step 503), and the drying time (T)> the initial drying time (TS) Is detected (step 504), and if YES is detected, the drying time (T) -the initial drying time (TS) is set as the drying time after pausing (step 505).
Return is made (step 506).

If NO is detected in step 504, the drying time (T) is set as the drying time (step 50).
7) The process proceeds from step 507 to step 506. From the above, the total drying time (T) and the initial drying time (TS)
Even if both are set, it is possible to operate safely without any trouble. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing display control of the drying time when the drying time is reserved and the drying is performed.

By operating the function setting means 36 and 37, the initial drying time (TS) and the pause time are set, and the moisture value of the grain detected at the start of drying and the function setting means 39 are set. The scheduled drying time (TN) is calculated based on the finished target moisture value. The scheduled drying time (TN) and the remaining time of the initial drying time (TS) are separately distinguished as shown in FIG. The display is configured to be controlled, and the moisture frequency distribution and the like are also displayed.

The scheduled drying time (TN) is calculated based on, for example, a drying rate of 0.6% per hour, which is set and stored in the control microcomputer 50 of the control device 41. As described above, by displaying both times separately, it is possible to inform the operator in an easy-to-understand manner.

The operating device 60 mounted on the dryer 1
As shown in FIG. 17, the dryer 1, the moisture sensor 2, the burner 3 and the like are mounted on the surface plate of the box body in a box shape, as shown in FIG.
And a push button type O that starts operation for each discharge operation
Each of the N-OFF switch starting means 61, the stopping means 62 for stopping the operation, the moisture setting means 63 for setting the finishing target moisture of the grain, the indication lamps 64 for each moisture, and the hot air temperature generated from the burner 3 are set. Grain type setting means 65, display lamps 66 for each grain type, setting amount setting means 67 for setting the amount of inlaid grain, display lamps 68 for each stone number, moisture correcting means 69 for correcting the grain moisture value. , A timer increase / decrease setting means 70, 71 for increasing or decreasing the set time of the timer, a buzzer stopping means 72, a display section 73 for digitally displaying various display items, a monitor display lamp 74, and the like.

The control device 75 is provided in the operation device 60, and detects the paddy flow sensor 42, inputs digital sensor information, and sets each of the setting means 61, 61, 61, as shown in FIG.
62, 63, 65, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, a digital input circuit 76, a moisture sensor 2,
An analog input circuit 77 to which a detection value detected by the hot air temperature sensor 44 and analog sensor information are input, an AD conversion circuit 78, a serial data reception circuit 79, and a digital input circuit 81 to which a memory clear 80 is input. A control microcomputer 82 for performing arithmetic logic operation and comparison operation on the inputs from the circuits 76, 77, 78, 79, 81, a memory 83, and a blower motor via an output circuit 84 in response to a command from the control microcomputer 82. 18, the start and stop control of the valve motor 19 and the grain raising machine motor 29, the start, stop and adjustment control of the fuel valve, the fuel pump 20 and the blower motor 23 via the output circuit 85;
To control the start and stop of the moisture motor 30 via the display circuit 87, to display various items on the display unit 73 via the display circuit 87, to control the operation of the buzzer 89 via the output circuit 88, the serial data transmission circuit 90, and the non-volatile memory 91. And so on.

FIGS. 19 to 21 show the control of the drying temperature by the difference between the measured dry loss (EB) calculated from the detected grain moisture and the set dry loss (DRO) stored and set. FIG. The measured dry loss rate (EB) calculated from the grain moisture detected by the moisture sensor 2 and the set dry loss rate (D) preset and stored in the control microcomputer 82 of the control device 75.
RO), the drying temperature is changed according to the difference, and the drying speed is controlled.
The calculation of B) is a configuration for calculating as shown in FIG. 20. Only when the measurement interval for detecting the grain moisture by the moisture sensor 2 is long, the drying temperature is changed, the drying proceeds, and the measurement interval becomes longer. The drying temperature change processing is stopped when the time becomes short, and the drying temperature change amount is controlled to change as shown in FIG.

The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 19. The operation of drying the grain is started (step 6).
01), proceeding to step 602, the steps 602 to 603 are controlled as shown. It is detected whether the measurement interval is large (step 604), and if YES is detected, the measured drying loss (EB) is calculated (step 60).
5) The measured dry loss rate (EB) and the set dry loss rate (DRO)
Are compared (step 606), and the measured drying loss (EB)
-Set drying loss rate (DRO)> It is detected whether a predetermined value (α) set and stored (step 607), and if YES is detected, the drying temperature is changed (step 60).
8), and the process is returned (step 609).

In steps 604 and 607, N
If O is detected, the process proceeds to step 609. By the above,
When the set finish target moisture value is approached and the measurement interval is short, the change in moisture at the time of measurement (detection) is small, so that it is difficult to calculate the drying loss rate, and the dispersion is small.
For this reason, it is preferable to stop changing the drying temperature.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing change control of the allowable difference of the drying temperature change based on the measured grain moisture value. FIG.
The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 2. The drying operation of the grain is started (step 701), the process proceeds to step 702, and the steps 702 to 705 are controlled as shown. Average moisture value (MSN)> predetermined moisture value (MO) set and stored is detected (step 706), and if YES is detected, predetermined drying loss rate A set and stored <= measured drying loss It is detected whether the rate (EB) ≦ the predetermined drying loss (B) set and stored (step 707), and N
If O is detected, the drying temperature is subjected to change processing control (step 708), and the process returns (step 709).

A predetermined drying loss rate (C) set and stored when NO is detected in step 706 ≦ measurement drying loss rate (E)
B) ≦ Predetermined drying loss rate (D) set and stored (Step 710), and if NO is detected, Step 7
Proceed to 08. In steps 707 and 710, Y
If ES is detected, the process proceeds to step 709.

As described above, since drying is easy at the start of drying (large drying loss) and difficult to dry at the end of drying (small drying loss), the necessary drying temperature is set by taking the tolerance into consideration. Can make changes.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing display items on an operation device.

FIG. 3 is an overall side view showing a part of the grain dryer.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged front view of the operating device that can be partially broken.

FIG. 7 is an operation view of the operating device in which a part is broken.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the moisture sensor.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing another embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing another embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing another embodiment, and is a flowchart.

FIG. 12 is a view showing another embodiment, and is an initial drying time setting display screen view.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a drying time setting display screen according to another embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a view showing another embodiment, and is a display screen during drying.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing another embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing another embodiment, and is a display screen during drying.

FIG. 17 is an enlarged front view showing another embodiment, in which the operating device is partially broken.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing another embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing another embodiment, and is a flowchart.

FIG. 20 is a view showing another embodiment, and is a drawing for calculating a measured drying loss rate.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing another embodiment, and is a diagram for calculating a drying temperature change amount.

FIG. 22 is a flow chart showing another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Moisture sensor 8 Grain drying room 35 Display means 41 Control device

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a grain dryer provided with a grain drying chamber 8 for drying grains and a moisture sensor 2 for detecting grain moisture during drying, the average moisture of the grains detected by the moisture sensor 2 A detected grain moisture display device for a grain dryer, comprising a control device 41 for simultaneously controlling the display of a value and a deviation on a display means 35.