HU222870B1 - Exhauster - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an extraction device for extracting gases, in particular air and / or smoke, with a vortex chamber (3) having at least one inlet (4) arranged in a housing (2) having at least two extraction openings (5) opening into the vortex chamber and at least one extraction chamber (7). as an extraction system comprising a part of the housing (2), while the vortex chamber (3) is connected to the extraction chamber (7) by the extraction openings (5), while in extraction operation a stabilized vortex current is generated in the vortex chamber between the extraction openings (5) and the extraction flow. 7) the outer side (9) leading to the inlet opening (4) is at least partially formed as a flow-conducting surface. The essence of the invention is that the housing (2) is formed in an S-shaped cross section in the region of the extraction chamber (7) and the vortex chamber (3). ŕ

Description

EXTRACT

The invention relates to an exhaust device for extracting gases, especially air and / or smoke, with a vortex chamber (3) having at least one inlet (4) arranged in a housing (2) having at least two vent openings (5) for the vortex chamber and ) as a suction system comprising part of the housing (2), while the vortex chamber (3) is connected to the suction chamber (7) via suction openings (5), while in the suction operation a stabilized swirl flow is created and the outer side (9) of the exhaust chamber (7) leading to the inlet (4) is at least partially formed as a flow guide surface.

It is an object of the invention that the housing (2) is S-shaped in cross-section between the suction chamber (7) and the vortex chamber (3).

7 5 2 3

HU 222 870 B1

The length of the description is 10 pages (including 5 pages)

HU 222 870 Bl

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An exhaust system for extracting gases, particularly air and / or smoke, in a housing with at least one inlet vortex chamber having at least two inlet ports for venting into the vortex chamber and an exhaust system comprising at least one exhaust chamber as part of the housing is connected to the exhaust chamber and, in the exhaust chamber, a stabilized swirl flow is created in the vortex chamber between the exhaust ports and the outer side of the exhaust chamber leading to the inlet is at least partially formed as a flow guide surface.

Extractors of the type mentioned in the introduction, which are also referred to as vortexes, are known from EP 0 998 986. In one embodiment of the known exhaust system, the exhaust chambers and the vortex chamber are part of a common housing. The air is aspirated in a known manner through an inlet, while the introduced air is guided through a rounded outer side of the housing in the region of the vortex chamber and through the outer side of a deflated and inlet suction chamber. The aforesaid flow guide surface terminates on a face opposite to the vortex chamber at an angle to it, which can simultaneously serve to secure the exhaust device. In all, the above-mentioned design of the exhaust chamber forms a rectangular triangle with a flow guide surface inclined and bent therefrom.

This known extraction device is not particularly suitable for use in the extraction of gases. In some installation situations, in exhaust air operation, the exhaust air may collide with the back end of the exhaust duct, where it will fall at the sharp edge of the front wall and the flow guide surface. This flow cutoff and the diverting of the exhaust air not only affect the exhaust effect in the region of the inlet and thus the exhaust capacity, but the exhaust gas is first drained from the inlet. Thus, this known exhaust system is disadvantageous in terms of flow technique.

It is an object of the present invention to improve the suction device of the type mentioned in the introduction to the extent that it can provide optimum flow performance.

According to the present invention, the object is solved by the fact that the housing is S-shaped in the cross-sectional area of the extraction chamber and the vortex chamber. The S-shape of the housing in the area of the exhaust chamber and vortex chamber causes the air to be aspirated from both sides to the exhaust outlet of the vortex chamber by the S-shape of the housing, which serves as a seating surface as a rounded outer side of the vortex chamber. Unwanted flow breaks and airflow through the vortex are not within the range of the suction port. The exhaust air is optimally led through the outside of the housing to the inlet in the area of the exhaust chamber. It is particularly important that the exhaust system be used for flue gas extraction, i.e., for use in fire. The invention makes it possible to provide a delayed, fast, effective smoke extraction whereas prior art it is possible that the smoke to be discharged is first introduced into the exhaust area on the front wall of the exhaust chamber, which may cause a major fire problem.

With respect to the S-shaped configuration of the housing, it is particularly advantageous in the region of the extraction chamber to have an outer region of the extraction chamber distal to the anchorage surface, preferably at an angle of less than 80 °. In this way, the outer region can also serve as a flow or guide surface.

Further, for reasons of flow, it is preferable that the region connected to the outer region of the outside of the exhaust chamber is flushed and passes through the inlet. In this way, a completely edge-free inlet surface is created, and unwanted diversions caused by the inlet holes so far cannot occur. Here we can point out that it is basically possible to leave at least one life on the outside of the extraction chamber. Thus, while retaining the flow conductor S-shaped housing, the housing may be polygonal in the region of the exhaust chamber and in the region of the vortex chamber.

As mentioned above, the outside of the vortex chamber leading to the inlet may be formed as a rounded and / or deflected flow guide surface to realize two-way extraction from both sides of the extraction apparatus.

In another embodiment, which also optimizes flow conditions, the vortex chamber and the suction chamber are arranged adjacent to each other such that the inner region of the vortex chamber forms a wall of the suction chamber and is shaped like a cross section of the outer side of the housing In this configuration, the outer region of the outside of the exhaust chamber is inclined or bent outwardly towards the anchoring surface, preferably at an angle of less than 80 °. In this embodiment, the outside of the exhaust chamber passes directly into the inlet, while the outer region is at the end adjacent to the outside of the inlet. The outer region essentially forms an arc section or an oblique section which passes directly into the inlet.

Depending on the application, the housing area facing the exhaust chamber may also be shaped like a beak, as described above, but in the opposite direction. A vortex chamber is formed between this region and the extraction chamber. This design provides double suction in the same way, i.e. from the suction chamber side and the same from the vortex chamber side, without undesirable deflections for the suction medium.

In another embodiment, which is particularly suitable for angular transitions, the boundary of the vortex chamber to the exhaust chamber is at right angles to the mounting surface. This design is mentioned in the introduction as a proper basis2

EN 222 870 B1 to EP 0 998 986 (10 and 10)

11, however, the advantage of this arrangement is that the outside of the curved or oblique suction channel forms a favorable flow conducting surface and the enclosure itself is very small, which is especially important if there is only a small space or height for the installation of the extractor.

At low ceiling heights, a flow-optimized suction can be provided if the suction device is configured so that the vortex chamber and the suction chamber are adjacent to each other when installed. It is in these cases that the invention allows for double suction, which is particularly advantageous in many building layouts. A preferred application area for the extraction system of the invention is for underground garages. Underground garages usually have large open spaces with low ceiling heights. In case of fire, ensure that there is adequate protection against fire and flue gas. In order to optimally utilize the floor space available for the underground garage without the use of internal walls to provide sealed fire sections, the extractor according to the invention is advantageous because, as previously described, two areas adjacent to the extractor are utilized by a single extractor. can be secured and thus safe flue gas extraction can be achieved without creating flue sections through retracted walls. In addition, the invention provides much cheaper extraction because essentially only one extraction device is required for two extraction ranges.

In view of the juxtaposition of the vortex chamber and the extraction chamber, it is advantageous for the inlet to extend into the space to be aspirated, preferably at least partially downwards. In this way, satisfactory exhaust ventilation can be provided from the area adjacent to the extractor at the building in question.

In principle, it is possible to provide a suction device according to the invention with a housing which is closed in itself, whereby the suction channel is connected to the suction side of a vacuum pump. It is possible that part of the house may be formed with a wall and / or a slab surface. They can be part of the building. In this case, the housing is at least partially open in the region of the mounting surface. Without further ado, the house may have a multi-part design. The same applies to the aforementioned beak-shaped housing, whereby the housing may be at least partially open in the region of limitation. It also makes sense if the housing part on the wall or on the ceiling is properly sealed.

In principle, because the suction duct and the vortex channel are directly adjacent to each other, it is possible to use simple openings between the vortex chamber and the suction channel as an exhaust port. These breakthroughs in the exhaust area cause flow to sink, between which stabilized swirl currents develop. However, it is preferable for the suction port to use recessed tubes which extend into the vortex chamber. The recessed tubes that penetrate into the vortex passage allow better control of the swirl flow within the vortex passage.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the invention employs two suction ducts, whereby the suction device is preferably provided with a control device so that the suction ducts can be operated separately or together. The use of two extraction hoses, between which the vortex hose is arranged, has various advantages. Sufficient large extraction sections or volumes are required to ensure satisfactory extraction. This requires a suction chamber of a suitable size. Generally, however, strong extraction is only required in special cases, such as fire. Otherwise, a smaller suction cross-section is required for air extraction or ventilation. If the two suction hoses are provided with different suction cross-sections, you can work with a smaller suction hose for a lower suction power and a larger suction hose for a larger suction power. In the event of a fire, when maximum extraction power is required, both extraction channels are activated. In this case, it is advantageous if the suction openings are offset relative to one another, i.e. the suction opening of one suction port is offset from the suction opening of the other suction port.

The invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 shows an exhaust system according to the invention

A schematic drawing of an embodiment of the embodiment of the

Figure 2 is a schematic drawing of a further embodiment of the extractor according to the invention, also in the case of fire,

Fig. 3 is a third embodiment of an exhaust system according to the invention, also in a fire, a

Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view of the exhaust device of Fig. 3;

Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of the extractor according to the invention, a

Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the invention.

In each case, the figures show an exhaust system 1 for extracting gases, in particular air and / or flue gas. By "air" we mean more or less polluted air. The exhaust device 1 has a housing 2 in which a vortex chamber 3 is formed. The vortex chamber 3 is open outwardly through the inlet 4.

As shown in particular in FIG. 4, a plurality of suction openings 5,6 extend into the vortex chamber 3. The individual exhaust openings 5, 6 are spaced apart. Furthermore, there is an exhaust device (not shown) to which the exhaust openings 5, 6 are connected via the exhaust chamber 7, 8. In the suction operation, the suction device generates a vacuum such that the suction holes 5,6 in the vortex chamber 3 evoke a vacuum

HU 222 870 B1 pre. A stabilized swirl flow is created between adjacent exhaust vents in the vortex chamber 3. The swirling current generates high, dynamic pressure in the vortex chamber 3, which generates a sufficiently low static pressure and thus a vacuum, whereby the air is drawn through the inlet 4.

In the illustrated embodiment, there are a plurality of extraction openings 5, 6 and, by virtue of the plurality of extraction openings 5,6, the length of the extraction device 1 can be arbitrary. The exhaust chambers 7, 8, one of which is essential, are also part of the housing. In addition, the external side 9,10 of the respective exhaust chamber 7, 8 leading to the inlet 4 is formed as a flow guide surface.

Relevant to Figures 1-4. 1 to 4, the housing 2 is S-shaped in cross-section in the region of the exhaust chamber 7 and the region of the vortex chamber. In the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, the difference is that the area 11 of the outside of the exhaust chamber 7 is remote from the vortex chamber. This region 11 runs at right angles to the mounting surface 12 in the embodiment of Figure 1, while the region 11 runs at an angle of less than 45 ° to the mounting surface 12 in the embodiment of Figure 2. The region 13 connected to the area 11 of the exterior side 9 of the exhaust chamber 7 is flushed with respect to the anchoring surface 12 and passes into the inlet 4. The above-mentioned shape S is essentially formed by the shape of the vortex chamber 3 and by the projecting region 13 connected thereto.

Figures 5 and 6 show two other flow-optimized embodiments. In this exhaust system 1, as already mentioned in the introduction, the vortex chamber 3 and the exhaust chamber 8 are directly adjacent such that the inner region 14 of the vortex chamber 3 forms the wall of the exhaust chamber 8 and the housing 2 in the region 10 of the outer side and in the inner region 14 of the vortex chamber 3 connected to the exhaust chamber 8, it is formed in the form of a tube in cross section. Figures 5 and 6 clearly show what is meant by a "beak-shaped" solution. Only the immediate proximity of the inner region 14 and the wall of the exhaust chamber 8 is relevant. The suction chamber 8 is provided with an arrangement adjacent to the vortex chamber 3, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, resulting in optimum space utilization and elimination of dead spaces on the outer side of the vortex chamber 3 with optimum flow control.

5 and 6, the outer region 10 of the exterior side of the exhaust chamber 8 is inclined outwardly towards the anchoring surface, in the form of a hyperbola. The hyperbola-shaped outer region passes directly into the inlet 4.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the region 15 facing the exhaust chamber 8 is also tubular but facing in the opposite direction to the exhaust chamber 8. The outer side 16 of the region 15 is also hyperbola or arcuate. In principle, it is also possible for the region 15 to be inclined to provide a flow guide surface. The same applies to the outer side 10 of the exhaust chamber 8, which may be bent outwardly and / or in a curve instead of a hyperbolic configuration.

Fig. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment which is advantageously used for the wall joining of the wall. Here, the boundary 17 of the vortex chamber 3 opposite the suction chamber 8 is at right angles to the mounting surface 12.

All embodiments are substantially configured such that the respective exterior sides of the exhaust chambers 7, 8 are flow-free and substantially dead-space-free.

In each embodiment, the vortex chambers 3 and the respective exhaust chambers 7, 8 are arranged side by side in an integrated state. The adjacent vortex chamber 3 and the suction chamber 7, 8 ensure that the suction device 1 according to the invention can also be used in low-altitude rooms. In addition, for better extraction, the inlet openings 4 are oriented in the direction of the area to be extracted, preferably downwards.

It is not illustrated that parts of the house may advantageously also be formed by wall or ceiling sections.

As can be seen from the individual figures, recessed tubes which extend into the vortex chamber 3 may be used for the suction openings 5, 6. Alternatively, instead of these pipes, simple openings may be used between the vortex chamber 3 and the respective exhaust chamber 7,8.

3, there are two suction chambers 7, 8 within the housing 2, between which the vortex chamber 3 is located.

Another advantage of the coin solution is that the installation height of the extractor 1 is very small, which makes it suitable for installation in low-ceiling spaces. In this case, a control device (not shown) is also used to operate the exhaust chambers 7, 8 together or independently. In the exemplary embodiment, the exhaust chambers 7, 8 have different exhaust cross-sections and thus the exhaust device 1 can be operated in three steps. If sucked through the two exhaust chambers 7, 8, a stabilized swirl flow is created between the exhaust outlet 5 of one of the exhaust chamber 7 and the exhaust outlet 6 of the adjacent exhaust chamber 8. In addition, the individual exhaust openings are scattered relative to one another at equal distances.

Also in the case of Fig. 5, it is possible to use a second exhaust chamber in the region 15.

Finally, FIGS. Figures 1 to 5 show that the extractor 1 according to the invention is capable of extracting air or smoke from two adjacent areas, for example in an underground car park with optimal flow control.

Claims (20)

PATENT CLAIMS An exhaust system for extracting gases, in particular air and / or smoke, with a vortex chamber (3) having at least one inlet (4) arranged in a housing (2) having at least two vent openings (5, 6) and at least one The fluid chamber (7, 8) has a suction system comprising part of the housing (2), while the vortex chamber (3) is connected to the suction chamber (7, 8) by means of the suction openings (5, 6), in the vortex chamber, a stabilized swirl flow is created between the suction openings (5,6) and the outer side (9, 10) of the suction chamber (7, 8) leading to the inlet (4) is at least partially formed as a flow guiding surface. ) in the region of the exhaust chamber (7, 8) and the vortex chamber (3) is S-shaped in cross-section. Suction device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the outer part (9) of the outer side (9) of the suction chamber (7) is angled away from the vortex chamber (3), preferably at an angle of less than 80 °. Extraction device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the area (13) connected to the outer area (11) of the outer side (9) of the extraction chamber (7) is embossed and passes into the inlet (4). 4. Suction device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outer side (10) of the vortex chamber (3) leading to the inlet (4) is formed as a rounded and / or oblique flow guide surface. Extraction apparatus for extracting gases, in particular air and / or smoke, with a vortex chamber (3) having at least one inlet (4) arranged in a housing (2) having at least two vent openings (5, 6) and one at least one exhaust chamber (7, 8) as a suction system comprising part of the housing (2), while the vortex chamber (3) is connected to the suction chamber (7, 8) by means of suction openings (5, 6), while in the suction operation is formed between the suction openings (5,6) and the outer side (9, 10) of the suction chamber (7, 8) leading to the inlet (4) is at least partially formed as a flow guide, characterized in that the vortex chamber (3) and the suction chamber (9) adjacent to each other such that the inner region (14) of the vortex chamber (3) forms a wall of the suction chamber (8) and the housing (2) forms the suction chamber (8) in the region of its outer side (10) and in the cross-section of the inner region (14) of the vortex chamber (3) bordering the suction chamber (8) in the form of a tube. Extraction device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the outer region (10) of the outer side (10) of the extraction chamber (8) is inclined and / or outwardly inclined towards the fixing surface (12), preferably at an angle of less than 80 °. Suction device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the outer region of the outer side (10) passes through the inlet (4). 8. Suction device according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the area (15) of the housing (2) facing the suction chamber (8) is also formed tubular but opposite to the suction chamber (8). 9. Suction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the boundary (17) of the vortex chamber (3) facing the suction chamber (8) is approximately at right angles to the mounting surface (12). 10. Suction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outer side (9, 10) of the housing (2) is at least substantially dead-flow and / or flow-free. 11. Suction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the vortex chamber (3) and the suction chamber are arranged side by side in an integrated position. 12. Suction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inlet (4), when installed, is directed into the space to be sucked, preferably at least partially downwards. 13. Suction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the housing (2) is at least partially open in the region of the fixing surface (12) so that part of the vortex chamber (3) and / or the suction chamber (7, 8) it is made up of a wall section or a section of fodem. 14. Suction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the housing (2) is at least partially open in the region of the boundary (17) so that the boundary (17) is at least partly formed by a wall section or a fringe. 15. Suction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the suction openings (5, 6) are provided with recessed tubes which extend into the vortex chamber (3). 16. Suction device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it has at least two suction chambers (7, 8). 17. Suction device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the vortex chamber (3) is arranged between the suction chambers (7, 8). 18. Suction device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it has a control device for operating the suction chambers together or separately. 19. Suction device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the suction chambers (7, 8) have different suction cross-sections. 20. Suction device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a swirl flow is created between the suction opening (5) of one suction chamber (7) and the suction openings (5, 6) of the other suction chamber (8).