EP1160020A1 - Suction device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a suction device (1) for suctioning gases, in particular air and / or smoke, with a swirl chamber (3) having at least one inflow opening (4) in a housing (2), with at least two opening into the swirl chamber (3) Suction openings (5, 6) and with a suction system having at least one suction chamber (7, 8) as part of the housing (2), the swirl chamber (3) being connected to the suction chamber (7, 8) via the suction openings (5, 6) A stabilized swirl flow is formed between the suction openings (5, 6) during the suction operation in the swirl chamber (3) and the outside (9, 10) of the suction chamber (7, 8) leading into the inflow opening (4) is at least partially is designed as a flow control surface. In order to provide a suction device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is optimized in terms of flow technology, the invention provides that the housing (2) in the area of the suction chamber (7, 8) and the swirl chamber (3) has an S-shaped cross section is. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a suction device for suction of gases according to the preamble of claims 1 and 3.

A suction device of the type mentioned, which also works as a swirl hood is already known from EP 0 998 986. At a The suction chamber is an embodiment of the known suction device and the swirl chamber part of a common housing. The suction of air takes place in a manner known per se via the inflow opening, the supplied air on the one hand via the rounded outside of the housing in the area of the vortex chamber and on the other hand over the beveled, is guided into the outside of the suction chamber leading to the inflow opening. The aforementioned flow guide surface ends at the one opposite the swirl chamber Side on an angled end wall, the can also serve to attach the suction device. Overall, the Suction chamber due to the aforementioned training with the beveled Flow control surface and the bevelled end wall about that Shape of a right triangle.

The well-known is for various applications in the extraction of gases However, the suction device is not particularly suitable. In some Installation situations can result in the suction operation that the suctioned Air impinges on the rear end wall of the suction duct and on the sharp edge between the end wall and the flow guide, the leads into the inflow opening, tears off. This stall and that Deflection of the intake air does not only impair the suction effect in the area of the inflow opening and thus the suction power, this also leads to the gas to be extracted first of all from the inflow opening is led away. In terms of flow technology, this suction device therefore disadvantageous.

The object of the present invention is to provide a suction device at the beginning to provide the type mentioned, which is in fluidic Respect is optimized.

This object is essentially achieved in that the Cross section of the housing in the area of the suction chamber and the swirl chamber S-shaped. The S shape of the housing in the area of the suction chamber and the swirl chamber causes the air to be extracted from the swirl chamber is fed to both sides of the inflow opening and from the side of the suction chamber via the S-shape of the housing, the serves as the inflow surface as does the rounded outside of the swirl chamber. Unwanted stalls and redirection of the air flow do not occur on the swirl hood in the area of the suction duct. The sucked in Air is optimally distributed over the outside of the housing in the area of the Suction chamber directed into the inflow opening. This is particularly important then when the suction device for smoke extraction, i.e. in the event of a fire is used. With the invention it is namely possible to have an immediate one and quickly make effective smoke extraction while it is in the prior art, it can happen that the smoke to be extracted on the front wall of the suction chamber first in the suction Space is directed back in, which has a devastating effect in the event of a fire can.

In connection with the S-shaped design of the housing in the area of Suction chamber is particularly useful in that the outer, the vortex chamber far area of the outside of the suction chamber bevelled to the mounting surface is, preferably at an angle of less than 80 ° to the mounting surface. In this way, this outer area also serves as an inflow or Guide surface.

Furthermore, it is advantageous for fluidic reasons that the adjoining the outer area of the outside of the suction chamber Area is bulged and merges into the inflow opening. To this This results in a completely edge-free inflow surface, on the undesirable Distractions away from the inflow opening cannot occur. At this point, however, it should be pointed out that it is basically also possible, at least on the outside of the suction chamber to provide an edge. So while maintaining the flow S shape the housing in the area of the suction chamber and also the Vortex chamber can also be polygonal.

For the rest, as has already been mentioned, the Inflow opening leading outside of the vortex chamber as a rounded and / or bevelled flow guide surface to be formed on both sides Suction, i.e. from areas on both sides of the suction device to realize.

In an alternative, also flow-optimized embodiment, the Vortex chamber and the suction chamber are arranged so adjacent to each other, that the inner region of the vortex chamber has a wall of the suction chamber represents and that the housing in the region of the outside of the suction chamber and in the inner area adjacent to the suction chamber the swirl chamber is beak-shaped in cross section. Also at In this embodiment, the outer area is the outside of the suction chamber bevelled to the mounting surface or bent outwards, preferably at an angle of less than 80 °. In this embodiment, the Outside of the suction chamber directly into the inflow opening, wherein the outer region adjoins the outer edge of the inflow opening at the end. The outer area thus represents only one arch section or but represents a slant that merges directly into the inflow opening.

Depending on the application, the one opposite the suction chamber Area of the housing also be beak-shaped, namely in the way described above, but in the opposite direction to the suction chamber. Between this area and the suction chamber the vortex chamber is then formed. This configuration enables in in the same way the suction on both sides, i.e. from the side of the suction chamber as well as from the side of the swirl chamber, without undesired Distractions of the medium to be extracted occur.

In another embodiment, which is particularly suitable for To be arranged in the area of angled transitions is that of the suction chamber opposite boundary of the swirl chamber approximately in formed at right angles to the mounting surface. This version corresponds in principle the embodiment of the EP mentioned at the beginning 0 998 986 A2 (Fig. 10 and 11), but has the advantage that due to the curved or beveled outside of the suction channel a cheap Flow guide surface results and the hood is very small overall, which is special is important if there is only little room or ceiling height available stands.

With regard to a flow-optimized suction with low ceiling heights it also makes sense that the suction device as a whole is designed that the vortex chamber and the suction chamber in the built Condition are arranged side by side. Especially in cases of this kind the suction on both sides possible through the invention comes into play, which offers particular advantages in a variety of building arrangements. On particularly preferred field of application of the suction device according to the invention are underground car parks. Underground car parks are usually about very large open spaces with a low ceiling height. In the event of a fire ensure that there is adequate fire or smoke protection results. To the space available for an underground car park to be able to make optimal use of it without having to pull in the walls closed fire compartments are required, the Use of the suction device according to the invention since, as before has been carried out through the use of a single suction device two, namely the two areas adjacent to the suction device can be suctioned off and thus become an efficient and safe Smoke extraction results without the realization of smoke sections due to retracted walls. Otherwise results from the Use of the suction device according to the invention also a pronounced Inexpensive extraction, because only for two areas to be extracted a suction device is required.

With regard to the juxtaposition of the vortex chamber and the Suction chamber in the installed state, it is favorable that the inflow opening in the space to be extracted, preferably at least essentially is directed downwards. In this way there is sufficient suction the areas of the relevant device adjacent to the suction device Building guaranteed.

In principle, it is possible to use the suction device according to the invention as in form closed or closed housing, the Suction channel then connected to a suction device for generating negative pressure is. However, it is also possible that part of the housing is formed by a wall and / or a ceiling surface of a building. In this case, the housing is at least in the area of the fastening surface partially open. The housing can then easily be divided into several parts be agitated. The same applies to the rest of the previously described Training with beak-shaped housing, the housing also in the area the limitation can be at least partially open. It understands themselves that the housing parts attached to the wall or ceiling correspond accordingly are sealed.

Basically, it is possible that since the suction channel and the swirl channel are directly adjacent to one another, simple openings as suction openings are provided between the vertebral canal and the suction canal. These breakthroughs represent flow sinks in the suction mode, between which form stabilized swirl flows. However, it is preferred for the suction openings protruding into the spinal canal to provide. Via the sink tubes protruding into the spinal canal the arrangement of the center of the swirl flow within the swirl channel be better controlled.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention two suction channels are provided, the suction device then Conveniently, a control device is assigned to the suction channels to be able to operate separately or together. The use of two Suction channels, between which the spinal canal is arranged, can Offer a number of advantages. To ensure adequate suction To be able to do so, correspondingly large suction cross-sections or volumes to provide. This requires a correspondingly large education ahead of the suction chamber. As a rule, however, there is such a strong suction only required in special cases, for example in the event of a fire. Otherwise, the room air extraction or ventilation of the concerned Room with smaller suction cross sections. Just if two suction channels with different suction cross sections are provided, can be used with the smaller suction channel, with higher suction performance with the suction channel with the larger suction cross section can be worked. In the event of a fire, if the maximum suction power is required, both suction channels are operated. In this case it is favorable that the suction openings of one Suction channel offset to the suction openings of the other suction channel are arranged. Then there are vertebral sinks alternating with opposite ones Sides of the swirl channel, each for generating a swirl flow between a suction opening of one suction channel and one lead adjacent suction opening of the other suction channel.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments based on the drawing.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Absaugvorrichtung im Brandfall,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Absaugvorrichtung im Brandfall,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung einer dritten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Absaugvorrichtung im Brandfall,

Fig. 4

eine Unteransicht der Absaugvorrichtung aus Fig. 3,

Fig. 5

eine schematische Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Absaugvorrichtung und

Fig. 6

eine schematische Querschnittsansicht noch einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Absaugvorrichtung.

It shows

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a suction device according to the invention in the event of fire,

Fig. 2

1 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a suction device according to the invention in the event of fire,

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a suction device according to the invention in the event of fire,

Fig. 4

3 shows a bottom view of the suction device from FIG. 3,

Fig. 5

a schematic cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of a suction device according to the invention and

Fig. 6

is a schematic cross-sectional view of yet another embodiment of a suction device according to the invention.

In the figures, a suction device 1 is shown, which is used for suction of gases, namely in particular air and / or smoke is. "Air" also means more or less heavily contaminated air. The suction device 1 has a housing 2 in which a swirl chamber 3 is formed. The swirl chamber 3 is behind via an inflow opening 4 open to the outside.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 4, a flows into the swirl chamber 3 A plurality of suction openings 5, 6. The individual suction openings 5 and 6 are equally spaced from each other. Furthermore is one Suction device, not shown, is provided with which the suction openings 5, 6 are each connected via a suction chamber 7, 8. During the Suction operation generates the suction device a negative pressure, so that the suction openings 5, 6 in the swirl chamber 3 each vacuum sinks represent. One forms between adjacent vacuum sinks stabilized swirl flow in the swirl chamber 3. Through the swirl flow there is a high dynamic pressure in the swirl chamber 3 what a correspondingly low static pressure and thus a negative pressure As a result, air is sucked in via the inflow opening 4.

In the illustrated embodiment there are a large number of suction openings 5, 6 provided. About the large number of suction openings 5, 6, the Length of the suction device 1 can be extended as desired. For the rest are the suction chambers 7, 8, of which at least one is generally required is also part of the housing 2. In this case, the inlet 4 leading outside 9, 10 of the respective suction chamber 7, 8 as a flow control surface educated.

It is essential and this applies to the embodiments according to FIG. 1 to 4 that the housing 2 in the area of the suction chamber 7 and the swirl chamber 3 is S-shaped in cross section. The embodiments 1 and 2 differ in terms of the design of the outer, the swirl chamber 3 distant area 11 of the outside 9 of the suction chamber 7. This area 11 is approximately in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 arranged at right angles to the mounting surface 12 while the area 11 in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 at an angle of less than 45 ° to the mounting surface 12. The area 11 on the outside 9 The area 13 adjoining the suction chamber 7 is based on the fastening surface 12 bulges and then goes into the inflow opening 4 about. The S shape mentioned above essentially results by the shape of the vortex chamber 3 and the bulging adjoining it Area 13.

5 and 6 are two other, also flow-optimized embodiments the suction device 1 shown. As with the beginning Embodiments described are the swirl chamber 3 and Suction chamber 8 directly adjacent to one another, in the present case, however, that the inner region 14 of the vortex chamber 3 is a wall of the suction chamber 8, the housing 2 in the area of the outside 10 the suction chamber 8 and in the interior adjacent to the suction chamber 8 Area 14 of the swirl chamber 3 is beak-shaped in cross section is. What is meant by "beak-shaped" results from FIGS. 5 and 6. In In this context, it may be pointed out that the Area 14 does not have to be the wall of the suction chamber 8. What is meant is only the immediately adjacent arrangement of the inner area 14 and the wall of the suction chamber 8. By the arrangement of the Suction chamber 8 next to the swirl chamber 3, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is shown, there is an optimal use of space while avoiding Dead spaces on the outside of the swirl chamber 3 with optimized flow guidance.

As can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, the outer area of the outside is 10 the suction chamber 8 bent to the mounting surface outwards, namely hyperbolic. The hyperbola-like outer area goes with it directly into the inflow opening 4.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, that of the suction chamber 8 opposite area 15 of the housing 2 is also beak-shaped, however in the opposite direction to the suction chamber 8. Die The outside 16 of the region 15 is also hyperbola-like or curved section-shaped educated. Basically, a bevel of the Area 15 possible to achieve a flow control surface. The same applies in remaining for the outside 10 of the suction chamber 8, which instead of the hyperbolic Training can also be chamfered and / or curved.

In Fig. 6 an embodiment is shown which is to be arranged in the area a wall / ceiling transition or in the area of a lintel. The limit 17 opposite the suction chamber 8 is the Vortex chamber 3 arranged approximately at right angles to the mounting surface 12.

All of the other embodiments are essentially designed such that that the outside of the respective suction chamber 7, 8 in fluidic Regarding stall edges and otherwise at least essentially is free of dead space.

In all embodiments, it is also the case that the swirl chamber 3 and the respective suction chamber 7, 8 arranged side by side in the installed state are. By arranging the swirl chamber 3 and the respective suction chamber 7, 8, the suction device according to the invention 1 Use well in rooms with low room heights. there In order to achieve good suction, the inflow opening 4 in the space to be suctioned into it, preferably essentially downward.

It is not shown that parts of the housing also from a wall or Ceiling section can be formed. The housing is in these areas 2 then excluded accordingly.

As can be seen from the individual figures, there are for the suction openings 5, 6 sink tubes are provided which protrude into the swirl chamber 3. It goes without saying that instead of the sink tubes, simple openings between the swirl chamber 3 and the respective suction chamber 7, 8 can be provided.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 are inside the housing 2 two suction chambers 7, 8 are provided, between which the swirl chamber 3 is arranged. This embodiment also has the essential advantage that the height of the suction device 1 is very low, which is the inventive Suction device 1 straight for rooms with low room heights makes it usable. In this case there is a control device, not shown provided to the suction chambers 7, 8 separately or together to be able to operate. In the illustrated embodiment, the suction chambers 7, 8 each have different suction cross sections. The suction device 1 can thus be operated in a simple manner with three stages. Is suctioned through both suction chambers 7, 8, arises between the respective suction openings 5 of one suction chamber 7 and each adjacent suction openings 6 of the other suction chamber 8 each one stabilized swirl flow. The individual suction openings are offset arranged and always at the same distance.

For the rest, it goes without saying that also in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 in area 15 it is possible to implement a second suction chamber is.

Finally, FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrate that when using the invention Suction device 1 a suction of air or smoke from two neighboring areas or smoke sections, for example in an underground car park is possible with optimized flow guidance.

Claims (10)

Suction device (1) for extracting gases, in particular air and / or smoke, with a swirl chamber (3) having at least one inflow opening (4) in a housing (2), with at least two suction openings (5, 5) opening into the swirl chamber (3) 6) and with a suction system having at least one suction chamber (7, 8) as part of the housing (2), the swirl chamber (3) being connected to the suction chamber (7, 8) via the suction openings (5, 6), whereby forms a stabilized swirl flow between the suction openings (5, 6) during the suction operation in the swirl chamber (3) and the outside (9, 10) of the suction chamber (7, 8) leading into the inflow opening (4) is at least partially designed as a flow guide surface , characterized in that the housing (2) in the area of the suction chamber (7, 8) and the swirl chamber (3) is S-shaped in cross section. Suction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer region of the outside (9) of the suction chamber (7) remote from the swirl chamber (3) is chamfered to the fastening surface (12), preferably at an angle of less than 80 °, that, preferably, the region (13) adjoining the outer region (11) of the outside (9) of the suction chamber (7) is bulged and merges into the inflow opening (4), and that, preferably, the outside (10) leading into the inflow opening (4) ) of the swirl chamber (3) is designed as a rounded and / or beveled flow guide surface. Suction device (1) according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that the swirl chamber (3) and the suction chamber (9) are adjacent to one another such that the inner region (14) of the swirl chamber (3) has a wall of the suction chamber (8) and that the housing (2) in the area of the outside (10) of the suction chamber (8) and in the inner area (14) adjacent to the suction chamber (8) of the swirl chamber (3) is beak-shaped in cross section. Suction device according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer region of the outside (10) of the suction chamber (8) is chamfered to the fastening surface (12) and / or is bent outwards, preferably at an angle of less than 80 °. Suction device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the outer area of the outside (10) merges into the inflow opening (4), that, preferably, the area (15) of the housing (2) opposite the suction chamber (8) is also beak-shaped is, however, in the opposite direction to the suction chamber (8) and that, preferably, the boundary (17) of the swirl chamber (3) opposite the suction chamber (8) is formed approximately at a right angle to the fastening surface (12). Suction device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outside (9, 10) of the housing (2) is at least essentially free of dead space and / or free of flow separation edges in terms of flow technology. Suction device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the swirl chamber (3) and the suction chamber (7, 8) are arranged next to one another in the installed state and that, preferably, the inflow opening (4) is directed into the space to be extracted in the installed state, preferably at least essentially downwards. Suction device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2) in the region of the fastening surface (12) is at least partially open, so that the part of the swirl chamber (3) and / or the suction chamber (7) facing the fastening surface (12) , 8) is at least partially formed by a wall or ceiling section and that, preferably, the housing (2) in the area of the boundary (17) is at least partially open, so that the boundary (17) is at least partially by a wall or ceiling section is formed. Suction device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two suction chambers (7, 8) are provided, that, preferably, the swirl chamber (3) is arranged between the suction chambers (7, 8), that, preferably, a control device is provided in order to operate the suction chambers (7, 8) separately or together and that, preferably, the suction chambers (7, 8) have different suction cross sections. Suction device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction openings (5) of one suction chamber (7) are arranged offset to the suction openings (6) of the other suction chamber (8), so that in each case there is a swirl flow between a suction opening of the one suction chamber and an adjacent suction opening of the other suction chamber.

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