FR2582697A1 - MINERAL FIBER PRODUCTS IN THE FORM OF PANELS OR ROLLS - Google Patents

Abstract

THE PRESENT INVENTION PROVIDES A PRODUCT IN MINERAL FIBERS IN THE FORM OF AN INSULATING SHEET OR OF AN INSULATING TABLECLOTH FOR WHICH A PRESSURE DISTRIBUTING SIDING LAYER IS PROVIDED (GLASS VEIL3) WHICH, DEPENDING ON EACH APPLICATION, GUARANTEES THE SHAPE STABILITY REQUIRED OF THE PRODUCT, WHEREAS THE SPECIFIC WEIGHT OF THE MINERAL FIBER LAYER 2 SHOULD ONLY BE PROVIDED ON THE BASIS OF THE THERMAL CONDUCTIBILITY DATA AND IS LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 40KGM. THE INVENTION APPLIES IN PARTICULAR TO THE MANUFACTURING OF INSULATING SHEETS 1 INTENDED FOR REAR VENTILATION FACADES.

Description

_I -

  MINERAL FIBER PRODUCTS IN THE FORM OF PANELS OR ROLLS

  The present invention relates to a mineral fiber product in the form of panels or rolls comprising a main layer

  elastic mineral fiber and at least one layer of facing.

  Such mineral fiber products often include, in

  to improve their surface, a facing layer serving for example

  full of protection against runoff, of screening. As

  Suitable coating materials include, for example, paper, thin foils of aluminum or plastic films.

  On the other hand, there are already insulating

  which a main layer, made of bound mineral fibers, is

  combined in the manner of a sandwich with different facing layers

  as to their material. Thus, the Swiss patent document CH-597 453 describes a sound-absorbing sheet of mineral fibers with a bulk density of between 70 and 90 kg / m 3 which has on its visible side a fiberglass fabric. The mineral fiber ceiling tile product has a "fiberglass skin" on its back side, which means a layer of material made of glass fiber particles compressed with resin. In addition to improving the soundproofing properties, the fiberglass skin here must increase the rigidity of the plate, whereby the surfaces can be covered by larger plates, so that the ceiling has fewer joints which constitute defects

potential of soundproofing.

  In addition, Austrian patent document AT-187,640 discloses

  a mineral fiber product in the form of insulated sheets or sheets

  lantes having an elastic main layer of bonded glass fibers and a facing made of "bundles of glass fibers" arranged

  parallel and at equal distances, for example from 1 to 6 cm, on the surface

  face of the plate or the sheet, preferably longitudinally. Such a facing increases the tensile strength in the direction of reinforcement, so that this product is relatively thin and can

  be folded with a small radius of curvature. This last

  also relates to the particular application indicated in the document, ie that such mineral fiber products are supposed to be used mainly for the insulation of tubes and

  cables, in which case these mineral fiber products must be

  particularly in bitumen, which, from the technical point of view of the

  construction, makes this product combustible.

  Finally, German Patent Publication 3 315 901 discloses a multi-layer light construction board, consisting of a main layer of rockwool or glass and having one or two layers of wood wool cladding agglomerated with magnesia. or cement. Apart from the combustibility of these products, these are rigid plates that do not bend and can not

to be rolled up.

  The object of the invention is to provide a mineral fiber product.

  cost-effective, incombustibe in the construction technique, which has the specific weight required to comply with a thermal conductivity group determined by the

  standard DI4 18165 (for example the group 040 or 035), but which has, however,

  dimensional stability to ensure

  very good quality and excellent fixation of this product, for example

  by means of pegs, to walls of constructions.

  According to the invention, this object is achieved in a simple manner by a mineral fiber product in the form of plates or insulating plies which comprises a main layer formed of a mineral fiber mat of a specific weight less than or equal to at 40 kg / m3,

  on which is applied a layer of facing distributing the pressure

  in the form of a plastically flexible non-plastic surface element

  deformable, the facing layer having a weight per unit of

  such as the main layer, despite its specific gravity

  latively weak, is indeformable in association with the facing layer.

  An insulating plate or sheet thus produced offers, by way of

  - 3 - to known achievements, a series of advantages. In particular

  mineral fiber mattress serving as the main layer acquires, thanks to

  this to the applied facing layer, a rigidity as it is pos-

  Only the specific gravity of a specific thermal conductivity group can be foreseen, ie a higher specific gravity is no longer necessary which, as a general rule, should be used simply to obtain a certain stability of the plate or insulating mat. In this case, it is particularly advantageous to use as a facing layer a fiberglass web having a weight per unit area of 30 to 110 g / m 2. In addition, the glass fiber web must be open to the diffusion of vapors and its disordered glass fibers must also, for technical reasons of fireproofing, be related to each other at the same time.

  medium of an organic binder whose volume is limited.

  In the particular case of the use of the insulating

  According to the invention, for facades of buildings with rear ventilation, it is possible, for example, to obtain for a product falling in the thermal conductivity group 040 which has a specific weight of 15 kg / m 3, the same shape stability as that which would be obtained

  if not with a corresponding product, without a facing layer

  leaving the pressure, with a specific weight of 25 kg / m3. In addition to this lower weight, the new insulating plate is also distinguished by a high resistance to bending, that is to say, it does not break during an overhanging, which makes possible a simplified installation

  on site, for example in the case of high wind speeds.

  When the insulating plate according to the invention is used

  for rear-ventilated facades, this plate being

  Hereinafter abbreviated as a facade insulating plate, a more solid surface is at the same time obtained on the weather-exposed side by means of the facing layer provided, so that neither during assembly nor during

  during the service life, a breakage of fibers can not occur.

  reduce; moreover, thanks to the facing layer on the exposed side

  Temperatures, the eventual rain is repulsed during the installation.

  Finally, compared to the insulating plates of known facades, in

  Due to improved stiffness, larger dimensions are possible.

  This reduces the number of joints and also the number of pegs usually used for fastening. This last characteristic

  of course also when the size of the plates remains

  to that of the plates used so far, since the layer of - 4 -

  siding intervenes to distribute the pressures. Finally,

  insulating facades according to the invention allow better

  compensate for the inequalities of the bare wall because the main layer pre-

  a lower specific weight than previously used, that is to say that it is thus possible to advantageously compensate tolerances

these of the construction.

  In the case of an embodiment of the mineral fiber product

  according to the invention in the form of an insulating layer and here again

  in the case of the use of the insulating layer for an isola-

  so-called soul, ie as insulation in walls made of two walls, the specific weight of the main layer can be advantageously chosen between 10 and 30 kg / m3, two preferred products

  having a specific gravity of 15 and 25 kg / m3. In this case,

  a range of benefits such as reducing the cost of trans-

  port and storage, reducing the number of joints and so the

  number of thermal bridges, it is advantageous to wind the insulated

  as an initial product in a roll that may have a

  from 3 to 10 m. This is again possible thanks to the mass

  bulk density of the lower main layer

  until now because the main layer is thus

more easily compress.

  Other details and advantages of the invention will be explained and described hereinafter in more detail in exemplary embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 25. FIG. 1: a perspective view of a fiber product minerals in the form of an insulating plate

  facade having an applied facing layer

plicated on one of its sides,

  Figure 2: a cross-sectional view of a building wall

  3, for which the insulating faceplate of FIG. 1 is provided, FIG. 3: a perspective view of an angle zone of FIG. 'a

  building with a ventilated facade cladding

  rear section which is not yet completely finished and for which the facade insulating plate of Figure 1 is used,

  Figure 4: a cross-sectional view of a building wall

-5-

  a double-walled structure which includes as

  insulating said soul of an insulating cloth with

a layer of facing.

  Figure 1 illustrates an insulating plate 1 which has a main layer 2 and a cladding layer 3 applied thereto. The main layer 2 of the insulating plate 1 is made of glass fibers made hydrophobic and bonded by means of a phenolic resin and, in this case for use as a so-called facade insulating plate, preferably has a weight specific of 15 kg / m3. A

  glass veil open to the diffusion of steam serves as a layer of

  and has a weight per unit area of around 50 g / m2 and its

  Glass bottles arranged in disorder are agglomerated by means of an organic binder present in a limited quantity. Of course, the main layer 2 can also be made of rock wool or other fibers

mineral.

  The insulating plate 1 which, in the present example of embodiment,

  illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, serves to isolate facades with

  rear thickness, normally measuring 1250 x 600 mm, thicknesses ranging between 30 and 100 mm being appropriate here, taking into account

  each case and the desired value for the thermal resistance

  nomic. The insulating plate 1 belongs to the thermal conductivity group 040 according to DIN 18165 and has a high bending strength. It also meets the class specifications

  building materials A2, which, according to DIN 4102, is

it is incombustible.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a building wall.

  4 which has a rear ventilated facade cladding 5.

  Such a coating serves both thermal insulation and insulation.

  and must also have an aesthetic aspect. It must perform its functions in all atmospheric conditions and

must not age with use.

  The insulating layer of the facade covering 5 of FIGS. 2 and 3 is each formed by a large number of insulating plates 1 arranged end to end in rows, which are fixed to the wall 4 of the building by means of anklets 6 called a washer. , it being understood that the cladding layer 3 is turned outwards. Then follows the actual facade cladding, for example in the form of panels 7, which are again attached to the wall 4 of the building with the aid of appropriate anchoring elements 8 in such a way that between these panels 7 and the insulating plates 1 remains a rear ventilation space 9. Grice to the

  dimensional stability of insulating plates 1 in accordance with the invention

  It is possible to guarantee this rear ventilation space 9

  of, for example 2 cm. In addition, thanks to the stability of shape of

  insulating materials 1, it is possible to reduce the tolerances

  until now for such rear ventilation spaces; this also

  because of the fact that, for example, the insulating

  used until now, which did not have a layer of

  facing, had relatively soft plate corners of

  that when using washer pegs 6, in the corner joining areas indicated at 10 in FIG. 3, the corners of the plates could disengage from the washers of these pegs and thus

  not only constitute an optical defect upon receipt of the

  not only represent but also represent deficiencies in thermal insulation.

  that, like a narrowing of the ventilation gap rear 9. These disadvantages are now removed by the facing layer 3 provided according to the invention, because the insulating plates 1 have, through the facing layer, a resistance remarkable at their edges, so that the insulating plates 1 can be maintained satisfactorily, especially in

corner assembly 10.

  In addition, better control of the assembly is possible thanks to the facing layer 3 provided, that is to say that because of the "free-hand pose" of the dowels used until now, it was not to exclude that some pegs 6 are placed too deeply. The consequence was again that such insulating plates were excessively compressed locally, which impaired the thermal insulation in these areas; the general appearance obtained leaving also to be desired. Now, in the case of an anchor 6 disposed too deeply, there is a deformation of the facing layer 3, which is visible by the formation of false folds and thus renders

  possible better control of the pose.

  Figure 4 illustrates another embodiment of a wall

  double-walled building structure having an interior wall 11 and an outer wall

  12 between which is installed an insulating layer 13 comprising

  both a facing layer 3 applied on one side, as insulating felt called soul. The construction of a double-walled wall with an insulating interlayer made of mineral fibers is known, thanks to the clear separation of the functions of thermal insulation and protection against moisture, the physical construction solution.

  ideal for exterior walls. In the case of the example of

  In the present invention, the insulating ply 13 is provided without special air space between the outer wall 12 and the insulating ply 13. This is possible, on the one hand, because the main layer 2 of the insulating ply 13 is made hydrophobic and on the other hand, because the facing layer 3 evacuates downward the possible moisture which infiltrates through the outer wall 12. The outer wall 12 is usually fixed by anchors 14 to the inner wall 11 , the insulating web 13 to be inserted in place on the anchors 14 before the construction of the outer wall 12. After mounting the insulating web 13 on the anchors 14, so-called washers of water discharge 15 are mounted each time on these anchors and can be used at the same time

  advantageously to adjust a specific thickness limitation.

of the insulating layer 13.

  In this case, the specific gravity of the main layer

  blade 2 of the insulating web 13 may advantageously be reduced from 23

  kg / m3 to 15 kg / m3 by the use of a layer of cladding 3 under

  of a glass veil with a weight per unit area of 50

  g / m2, the requirements imposed, for example, on the

  040 thermal capacity being satisfied in both cases.

  In the case of the use of insulating felt core covered with a glass veil as insulation in double building walls

  wall, it is particularly advantageous to use insulating

  from 3 to 10 m in length which, as an initial product, are

  envidées in rolls. In addition to facilitating installation and

  the number of joints and thus thermal bridges, they allow

  also attempt to safely isolate wall angles because the

  glass mat facing, thanks to its flexibility associated with the specific weight

  The relatively low surface area of the main layer makes it possible to lay the insulating layer without problems in the corners of the walls, that is to say

that she marries the form.

  In summary, the basic idea of the present invention resides

  in the case of a mineral fiber product, it is

  simply sees the specific gravity required for a classification in a thermal conductivity group determined according to DIN 18165, it being understood that a stability of shape of the product required in

  each case is obtained by applying a protective layer

  - 8 - appropriately. This means that this basic idea can also be realized for other applications than those described here; this is the case for example in so-called industrial ceiling slabs for visible mounting in T-profiles forming a standardized grid. In the case of such an insulation, it is for example also

  possible to provide on industrial ceiling

  additional insulation made of a mineral fiber felt laid without being fixed, so that the ceiling plates used here must be manufactured for this additional load possibly with a specific weight greater than that required. In this case, we think

  for example at a specific weight of 50 kg / m3, which could, however,

  still to be within the scope of the present invention.

  The same is true for the choice of the values of the weight per unit of surface area.

  this of the facing layer. In addition, it is possible to use

  basic ideas of the invention for insulating plates which are

  for example, between roof rafters. This means that the idea

  of the invention can be used in a large number of applications.

cations.

Claims (8)

  1. Product made of mineral fibers as an insulating plate or insulating layer comprising an elastic main layer of agglomerated mineral fibers and at least one facing layer, characterized in that the main layer (2) is made of a layer of fibers mid-   of a specific gravity of less than or equal to 40 kg / m3, on which   a pressure-distributing facing layer (3) in the form of a plastically flexible non-plastic surface element is applied thereto   deformable, the facing layer (3) having a weight per unit of   face such that the main layer (2) has a form stability in association with the facing layer (3), despite its weight relatively low specificity.   The mineral fiber product according to claim 1, characterized in that the facing layer (3) is made of a fiberglass web which has a weight per unit area of 30 to 110 g / m2. 3. The mineral fiber product according to claim 2,   characterized in that the fiberglass web is open to different   melting of the steam and that the glass fibers arranged in mess   are agglomerated by means of an organic binder present in   moth-eaten. 4. Mineral fiber product according to any one of   Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the main layer (2)   is made of fiberglass or rock wool.   5. Mineral fiber product according to any one of   Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is used as a plate   insulation (1) for rear-ventilated building facades and that its main layer (2) has a specific weight of 10 to 30 kg / m3, preferably 15 or 25 kg / m3.   6. Mineral fiber product according to any one of   Claims I to 4, characterized in that it is in the form of a tablecloth   insulation (13), the main layer having a specific gravity of 10 to kg / m 3, preferably 15 or 25 kg / m 3, which allows insulation double wall walls.   Mineral fiber product according to Claim 6, characterized in that the insulating layer (13) has a length of 3 to 10 m. and is envied in a roll.   8. Mineral fiber product according to any one of   Claims I to 7, characterized in that the main layer (2) 2582697   is provided on both sides with a facing layer (3).