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EP3763958B1 - Kegelrollenlager - Google Patents

Kegelrollenlager Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3763958B1
EP3763958B1 EP19764186.3A EP19764186A EP3763958B1 EP 3763958 B1 EP3763958 B1 EP 3763958B1 EP 19764186 A EP19764186 A EP 19764186A EP 3763958 B1 EP3763958 B1 EP 3763958B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diameter
tapered roller
groove
end surface
annular part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19764186.3A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3763958A1 (de
EP3763958A4 (de
Inventor
Makoto ZEMBUTSU
Hiroaki Yamanaka
Tomoyuki Miyazaki
Hiroki Maejima
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NSK Ltd
Original Assignee
NSK Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3763958A1 publication Critical patent/EP3763958A1/de
Publication of EP3763958A4 publication Critical patent/EP3763958A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3763958B1 publication Critical patent/EP3763958B1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F16C19/364—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/24—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/26—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly with a single row of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
    • F16C33/1045—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
    • F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
    • F16C33/1065—Grooves on a bearing surface for distributing or collecting the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/4617—Massive or moulded cages having cage pockets surrounding the rollers, e.g. machined window cages
    • F16C33/4623—Massive or moulded cages having cage pockets surrounding the rollers, e.g. machined window cages formed as one-piece cages, i.e. monoblock cages
    • F16C33/4635—Massive or moulded cages having cage pockets surrounding the rollers, e.g. machined window cages formed as one-piece cages, i.e. monoblock cages made from plastic, e.g. injection moulded window cages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/467—Details of individual pockets, e.g. shape or roller retaining means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/467—Details of individual pockets, e.g. shape or roller retaining means
    • F16C33/4682—Details of individual pockets, e.g. shape or roller retaining means of the end walls, e.g. interaction with the end faces of the rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
    • F16C33/56—Selection of substances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/664—Retaining the liquid in or near the bearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/664—Retaining the liquid in or near the bearing
    • F16C33/6651—Retaining the liquid in or near the bearing in recesses or cavities provided in retainers, races or rolling elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/30—Angles, e.g. inclinations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/34—Rollers; Needles
    • F16C33/36—Rollers; Needles with bearing-surfaces other than cylindrical, e.g. tapered; with grooves in the bearing surfaces
    • F16C33/366—Tapered rollers, i.e. rollers generally shaped as truncated cones

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tapered roller bearing according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a tapered roller bearing is known, for example, from DE 10 2015 104 487 A1 .
  • the present invention relates, particularly, to a tapered roller bearing in which lubricating oil is supplied inside the bearing.
  • a bearing from the related arts which includes an outer ring and an inner ring, a plurality of balls arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, and a synthetic resin holder rotatably holding the plurality of balls, in which an uneven surface with parallel thin, densely-arranged grooves is formed on an inner surface of a pocket of the synthetic resin holder (for example, see JP H08 184318 A (PTL 1)).
  • the synthetic resin holder is provided for a ball bearing and can be injection molded.
  • a plurality of fine grooves are formed along a radial or circumferential direction of the pocket.
  • a similar synthetic resin holder in which two oil grooves or one spiral oil groove is formed on a portion of the inner surface of the pocket (for example, see JP Sho-54-027256 U (PTL 2)).
  • the heat generation due to sliding contact is prevented by forming such fine grooves or oil grooves which permeate the lubricating oil between the holder and the rolling elements.
  • a tapered roller bearing from the related arts is known, which is provided with a tapered roller contact member that is fixed to an outer circumferential surface of a large-diameter-side annular part of a holder at a predetermined distance from an inner circumferential surface of an outer ring, and that also contacts an end surface of a tapered roller (for example, see WO 2008/087926 (PTL 3)).
  • the tapered roller contact member is made of a material having a property of allowing lubricating oil to permeate.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the problems described above, and an object thereof is to provide a tapered roller bearing capable of preventing seizure even under a lubricated environment with an extremely small amount of lubricating oil while suppressing an increase in frictional resistance and an increase in manufacturing cost.
  • the oil retaining part retaining the lubricating oil is provided at the large-diameter-side annular part, and when the holder is moved axially to the small-diameter-side of the tapered roller, the oil retaining part comes into contact with the large-diameter-side end surface of the tapered roller, and as a result, the seizure of the bearing is prevented even under a lubricated environment with an extremely small amount of lubricating oil.
  • the oil retaining part When the holder is axially moved to the large-diameter-side of the tapered roller, the oil retaining part is separated away from the large-diameter-side end surface of the tapered roller, and the oil retaining part is not in constant contact with the tapered rollers, and accordingly, an increase in frictional resistance during rotation of the bearing is prevented, and wear of the oil retaining part is further prevented. It is not necessary to manage the dimensions of components with high precision, and the like, and an increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.
  • the tapered roller bearing 10 of the present embodiment includes an outer ring 11 including an outer ring raceway surface 11a on an inner circumferential surface, an inner ring 12 including an inner ring raceway surface 12a on an outer circumferential surface, a plurality of tapered rollers 13 rotatably provided between the outer ring raceway surface 11a and the inner ring raceway surface 12a, and a holder 14 for holding the plurality of tapered rollers 13 at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
  • lubricating oil is appropriately supplied to the inside of the bearing by a lubricating oil pump P or the like (see FIG. 31 ).
  • the inner ring 12 includes a large flange part 12b provided at a large-diameter-side end of the inner ring 12 and a small flange part 12c provided at a small-diameter-side end of the inner ring 12.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring 12 is formed in a substantially tapered shape.
  • the tapered roller 13 includes a rolling surface 13a provided on a circumferential surface of the tapered roller 13, a large-diameter-side end surface 13b provided at the large-diameter-side end of the tapered roller 13, and a small-diameter-side end surface 13c provided at the small-diameter-side end of the tapered roller 13.
  • the holder 14 is made of synthetic resin and is injection-molded by axial drawing, and includes a large-diameter-side annular part 14a, a small-diameter-side annular part 14c coaxially arranged with the large-diameter-side annular part 14a, a plurality of column parts 14e provided at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction and connecting the large-diameter-side annular part 14a and the small-diameter-side annular part 14c in the axial direction, and a pocket 14f formed between the column parts 14e adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, while being surrounded by the large-diameter-side annular part 14a and the small-diameter-side annular part 14c, to hold the tapered roller 13 to be capable of rolling.
  • the holder 14 includes a first gap S 1 between an axially inner end surface 14d of the small-diameter-side annular part 14c of the holder 14 and the small-diameter-side end surface 13c of the tapered roller 13.
  • the holder 14 includes a second gap S2 between an axially inner end surface 14b of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a of the holder 14 and the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13.
  • the axial dimensions D1 and D2, the length dimension LR of the tapered roller 13, and the length dimension LP of the pocket 14f are the dimensions along the central axis (rotational axis) direction of the tapered roller 13.
  • the holder 14 is freely movable along the axial direction within the range of the total dimension Dt of the gaps.
  • the total dimension Dt of the gaps does not require strict dimension management, and accordingly, in consideration of general processing precision of the holder, it is set in a range from 0.1 mm to 1/5 of the length dimension LR of the tapered roller 13 or less.
  • the surface of the axially inner end surface 14b (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "pocket surface”) of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a of the holder 14 is formed to be rough, with a specific surface roughness (arithmetic mean roughness) of the axially inner end surface 14b being set to 3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the surface roughness of the axially inner end surface 14b may be formed rougher than that of the circumferential side surface of the column part 14e, for example.
  • the roughness of the axially inner end surface 14b (pocket surface) of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a serves to guide the lubricating oil stored in the grooves 20 to be described below to the tapered roller 13.
  • the inner surface of the groove 20 described below is also preferably rough to enhance the oil retaining ability. Since the axially inner end surface 14b is provided perpendicular to a demolding direction at the time of molding the holder, even when the axially inner end surface 14b is rough, this does not hinder the mold releasing after molding. Note that the surface roughness of the axially inner end surface 14b may be set for the entire pockets 14f or for some of the pockets 14f.
  • a plurality of (five, in the present embodiment) fine grooves 20 are formed on the axially inner end surface 14b (pocket surface) of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a of the holder 14 by groove processing or the like.
  • the number of the grooves 20 may be one.
  • the five grooves 20 are arranged in two rows (two on the outer diameter-side and three on the inner diameter-side).
  • the grooves 20 are bottomed grooves, and are formed in parallel in the circumferential direction in each pocket 14f.
  • the grooves 20 are the oil retaining part that is capable of retaining the lubricating oil with a capillary force, and enhance the oil retaining ability of the holder 14 and promote the propagation of the lubricating oil to the tapered rollers 13. Note that the grooves 20 may be provided for the entire pockets 14f, or may be provided for some of the pockets 14f.
  • the capillary force described in this description is a force of the solid attracting liquid.
  • the surface tension of the solid (holder) is greater than the surface tension of the liquid (lubricating oil)
  • a capillary force is generated and the liquid is attracted to the solid surface.
  • the liquid tends to reduce the surface contacting with air. That is, the lubricating oil tends to reduce a contact area with the air, while increasing a contact area with the holder. Therefore, a thinner and narrower groove of the holder results in a higher capillary force.
  • the thin and narrow groove 20 is formed in the pocket surface 14b.
  • the grooves 20 are characterized such that the lubricating oil is supplied to the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13 from groove ends 20a that are connected with the axially inner end surface 14b (pocket surface) of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a.
  • the groove ends 20a are the ends of the groove 20 in the circumferential direction.
  • a groove center 20b to be described below is a center of the groove 20 in the circumferential direction.
  • the grooves 20 need to have a fine shape that is capable of retaining oil and supplying the oil to the tapered rollers 13 by the action of the capillary force, and in the present embodiment, the width and depth of the groove 20 are set to be constant, or set in a manner that the groove ends are shallow, and in consideration of the oil retaining property of the lubricating oil of the groove 20, the strength of the holder 14 and the precision of general injection molding, the radial width D3 of the groove 20 are set in a range from 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm at the maximum portion, and the depth D4 of the groove 20 are set in a range from 0.05 mm to 1/5 of the length dimension LR of the tapered roller 13 or less at the maximum portion, for example.
  • the radial width D3 of the groove 20 is the width in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the groove 20.
  • the grooves 20 formed by the axial drawing are extended in the same direction (axial direction) as the central axis of the holder 14, which is the direction in which the molding die is moved (released) during injection molding.
  • the holder 14 is made of synthetic resin and can be injection-molded by axial drawing.
  • the surface roughness of the axially inner end surface 14b (pocket surface) of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a and the grooves 20 may also be formed at the same time by the injection molding.
  • additional processing steps, special molding such as two-color molding (double molding), adhesion of separately manufactured oil retaining members, and the like are unnecessary. Accordingly, the seizure resistance can be improved without substantially increasing the manufacturing cost.
  • the material for the holder 14 is not particularly limited and may be any synthetic resin material having a lipophilicity which generates a capillary force with high surface tension with respect to the lubricating oil used, and may include general holder resin material such as nylon, for example.
  • the synthetic resin of the holder 14 may contain fibers as a reinforcing agent. Resin material having low lipophilicity may be used, but here, it is preferable to perform lipophilic treatment.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship of position of contacts between groove ends 20a of the groove 20 in the circumferential direction and the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13.
  • the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13 is usually provided with a clearance recess 13d at the center thereof, and an annular contact surface 13e is provided around the clearance recess 13d.
  • the projection plane of the annular contact surface 13e on the pocket surface 14b (the overlapping plane when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the tapered roller 13, see the hatched portion in FIG. 5 ) is a plane on which the tapered roller 13 and the holder 14 may come into contact with each other.
  • the lubricating oil collected in the groove end 20a may be supplied to the tapered roller 13 without leaving residue, by the capillary force with the tapered roller 13.
  • the symbol L in FIGS. 5 to 8 denotes the lubricating oil (a portion marked with dots).
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are explanatory views showing a positional relationship between the longitudinal direction (circumferential direction) of the groove 20 and the tapered roller 13, which are cross-sectional views taken along the line B of FIG. 5 , for example.
  • the depth of the groove 20 is shown to be greater than the actual depth in order to facilitate understanding of the description.
  • the holder 14 is characterized in that the lubricating oil stored inside the grooves 20 by the capillary force is supplied to the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13 by the action of the capillary force with the roller surface.
  • one of the methods in the present embodiment is to configure such that a groove end 20a having a higher capillary force than the middle portion of the groove 20 comes into contact with the tapered roller 13.
  • the lubricating oil inside the grooves 20 can be drawn up by the capillary force between the groove end 20a and the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13.
  • the groove end 20a is not in contact with the tapered roller 13, the amount of drawing up the lubricating oil is decreased.
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B are explanatory views showing the radial cross-sectional shape of the groove 20, which are cross-sectional views taken along the line C of FIG. 5 , for example.
  • the capillary force is stronger in a narrower space, and accordingly, the radial width D3 of the groove 20 should be thin and the groove 20 should not be wide at the opening as shown in FIG. 7B . Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG.
  • a corner 20d between a wall surface 20c (at least one of the radial wall surface and the circumferential wall surface of the groove 20) of the groove 20 and the pocket surface 14b is formed with a sharp edge (an arc-shaped chamfer with a radius of 0.1 mm or less, preferably, an arc-shaped chamfer with a radius of 0.05 mm or less, or a linear chamfer of 45 degrees with a side of 0.1 mm).
  • a sharp edge an arc-shaped chamfer with a radius of 0.1 mm or less, preferably, an arc-shaped chamfer with a radius of 0.05 mm or less, or a linear chamfer of 45 degrees with a side of 0.1 mm.
  • a groove bottom corner 20e in the radial cross-section of the groove 20 is formed in an arc shape, and when the radius Rw of the arc shape of the groove bottom corner 20e is small, a high capillary force is exerted so that the lubricating oil stays in the groove bottom corner 20e. Therefore, the radius Rw of the arc shape of the groove bottom corner 20e in the radial cross-section of the groove 20 is desirably set to 1/4 to 1/2 of the radial width D3 of the groove 20 at the groove center 20b having a maximum value which is the center of the groove 20 in the longitudinal direction. In order to increase the capillary force toward the groove ends 20a, as shown in FIG.
  • the radius Rw of the arc shape of the groove bottom corner 20e in the radial cross-section of the groove 20 is formed smaller as it goes from the groove center 20b to the groove ends 20b of the groove 20 (Rw1 > Rw2 > Rw3).
  • the lubricating oil remaining in the groove center 20b can be drawn up to the groove ends 20a having a higher capillary force and guided to the pocket surface 14b.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are explanatory views showing the cross-sectional shape of the groove 20 in the longitudinal direction (circumferential direction), which are cross-sectional views taken along the line B of FIG. 5 .
  • the depth of the groove 20 is shown to be greater than the actual depth in order to facilitate understanding of the description.
  • the radius Rw of a groove bottom corner 20f of the groove 20 in the circumferential cross-section is small, the lubricating oil remains in the groove bottom corner 20f, making it difficult to supply the oil to the tapered roller 13.
  • the depth D4 of the groove ends 20a is smaller (shallower) than the depth D4 of the groove center 20b.
  • the groove bottom corner 20f of the groove 20 in the circumferential cross-section is formed in an arc shape, and the depth D4 of the groove 20 is formed smaller as it goes from the groove center 20b of the groove 20 toward the groove ends 20a.
  • the capillary force at the portion of the groove ends 20a coming into contact with the pocket surface 14b can be increased, and the lubricating oil remaining at the groove bottom can be efficiently drawn up and supplied to the tapered roller 13.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example in which the radial width D3 of the groove 20 is reduced (thinned) at both groove ends 20a in the longitudinal direction. That is, in the groove 20 shown in FIG. 10 , the radial width D3 of the groove ends 20a is set to be smaller than the radial width D3 of the groove center 20b.
  • the radial width D3 of the groove ends 20a is set to be smaller than the radial width D3 of the groove center 20b.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 are schematic diagrams illustrating another example of the shape of the groove 20.
  • the radial width D3 of the groove 20 is formed smaller as it goes from the groove center 20b toward the groove ends 20a
  • the depth D4 of the groove 20 is formed shallower as it goes from the groove center 20b to the groove ends 20a
  • the radius Rw of the arc shape of the groove bottom corner 20e in the radial cross-section of the groove 20 is formed smaller (Rw1 > Rw2 > Rw3) as it goes from the groove center 20b of the groove 20 toward the groove ends 20a.
  • the capillary force at the portion of the groove ends 20a coming into contact with the pocket surface 14b can be increased, and the lubricating oil remaining at the groove bottom can be efficiently drawn up and supplied to the tapered roller 13.
  • the circumferential length of the groove 20, the degree of change in the radial width D3 of the groove 20, the degree of change in the depth D4 of the groove 20, the degree of change in the radius Rw of the arc shape of the groove bottom corner 20e in the radial cross-section of the groove 20, and the continuity/discontinuity of the change may be freely set. Only some of the items described above may be employed.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of a radial gap between the holder and the inner ring.
  • the holder is a component that rotates synchronously with the revolution of the roller, and is configured to be restricted in the radial movement by any of the inner ring, the outer ring, and the rollers.
  • movement in the radial direction is restricted by the roller, and free movement is enabled in the radial direction within a range of a gap provided in the pocket.
  • the amount of movement of the holder in the radial direction is increased, the position of contact between the pocket surface and the end surface is also largely deviated, and so the effect of lubrication is decreased.
  • a sliding bearing structure in which a gap between the inner circumferential surface of the annular part of the holder and the outer circumferential surface of the flange part of the inner ring is formed small, allowing a reduced amount of movement of the holder in the radial direction. Specifically, as shown in FIG.
  • the holder 14 has both a structure in which the inner circumferential surface of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a is radially guided by the outer circumferential surface of the large flange part 12b of the inner ring 12, and a structure in which the inner circumferential surface of the small-diameter-side annular part 14c is radially guided by the outer circumferential surface of the small flange part 12c of the inner ring 12.
  • the present invention is not limited to having both of the two structures described above, and may have one of the two structures.
  • the radial movement of the holder is restricted by the outer circumferential surface of the flange part of the inner ring, and in order to ensure such restriction, the structure is configured such that, while the holder is eccentric when in contact with the flange part, the holder and the roller are in contact with each other, but not restricted in the movement in the radial direction.
  • Such structure is generally called an inner ring guided holder in which the inner ring guide is combined with the holder including grooves for oil retention/lubrication of the present invention, which is capable of exhibiting an effective lubrication function.
  • the resin of the holder has a higher linear expansion coefficient than that of the bearing made of steel and the gap is decreased at low temperatures.
  • the variance in the gap is increased as the difference in the linear expansion coefficients, the operating temperature range, and the holder guide diameter are increased.
  • the gap between the holder and the inner ring has a negative value, the holder is restricted by the inner ring, and thus is restricted from rotating smoothly. Therefore, it is important to ensure that the guide gap does not have a negative value. Since it is desirable that the gap is minimal during use, the gap setting described above is optimal.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 are cross-sectional views showing the tapered roller 13 and the column part 14e of the holder 14 when viewed in the axial direction.
  • the column parts 14e that face each other in the circumferential direction with the tapered roller 13 interposed therebetween are configured such that an outer-diameter-side gap is narrower than a roller diameter of the tapered roller 13, and as a result, a structure is provided, in which the tapered roller 13 does not fall out from the pocket 14f.
  • the roller is interposed between the inner ring and the outer ring and accordingly, the roller will not be separated even without the holder, but before assembling into the device to be used, that is, while the assembly of the inner ring/ roller/ holder is separate from the outer ring, the above structure is adopted to prevent the assembly from being disassembled.
  • the holder is subject to an increased component force in the radial direction of the holder, which is generated from the force in the roller revolution direction that is received by the contact with the roller. Since the behavior of the rollers among the rollers is not uniform, the force in the radial direction of the holder, which is generated in the entire pockets of the holder is also nonuniform, and this causes the center axis of the holder to deviate from the center axis of rotation.
  • the opening angle ⁇ of the circumferential side surface 14h of the column part 14e forming the pocket 14f be set to 0 to 40 degrees. As shown in FIG.
  • a structure having a small opening angle such as 0 degree may be realized by providing, at the radially outer end of the circumferential side surface 14h of the column part 14e, a protrusion 14i for narrowing the window width to prevent the roller from falling out, and separating the roller fall-out preventing part from the position of contact between the column parts in use and the roller.
  • the axially inner end surface 14b (pocket surface) of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a is desirably formed in a shape such that more than half of the groove ends 20a of the five grooves 20, provided in the pocket surface 14b within a projection plane of the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13 onto the pocket surface 14b, can contact the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13 at the same time.
  • the five grooves 20 are arranged in two rows (two on the outer diameter side and three on the inner diameter side), and six groove ends 20a, among the ten groove ends 20a in total, are in contact with the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13.
  • FIGS. 16 and 17 are diagrams showing the surface shapes of the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13 and the pocket surface 14b.
  • the rollers of the tapered roller bearings have a structure in which the conical apexes of the outer diameters of all the rollers are converged at one point (cone center) on the bearing center axis.
  • the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13 is formed in a convex spherical shape of which a radius Ra is a distance from the cone center.
  • the pocket surface has a flat shape or a conical shape, and the characteristic of close contact with the large-diameter-side end surface of the tapered roller is not taken into consideration, but in the present invention, in order to improve the oil supply effect of the lubricating oil by increasing the capillary force with the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13, it is desirable that the pocket surface 14b is formed in a concave spherical shape to minimize the gap between the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13 and the pocket surface 14b.
  • FIGS. 18 and 19 are diagrams showing a first modification of the surface shape of the pocket surface 14b.
  • the pocket surface 14b is formed in a concave shape along the circumferential direction.
  • Rz the radius of curvature of the concave shape of the pocket surface 14b along the circumferential direction
  • Ra the radius of curvature of the convex spherical shape of the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13
  • FIGS. 20 and 21 are diagrams showing a second modification of the surface shape of the pocket surface 14b.
  • the pocket surface 14b is formed in a concave shape along the radial direction.
  • Rz the radius of curvature of the concave shape of the pocket surface 14b along the radial direction
  • Ra the radius of curvature of the convex spherical shape of the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13
  • FIGS. 18 to 21 are examples in which the pocket surface 14b is not formed in a concave spherical shape, but even here, the effect close to that of the spherical shape may be achieved. These examples are effective when spherical surface processing is extremely difficult or impossible due to reasons such as the manufacturing method of the mold.
  • the lubricating oil stored in the groove 20 is supplied to the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13. That is, only when the amount of lubricating oil in the bearing is small, the groove 20 comes into contact with the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13, and the lubricating oil is supplied to the tapered roller 13.
  • the tapered roller bearing 10 of the present invention since the holder 14 is moved by utilizing the component force of the self-weight of the holder 14, it is suitable for use in a structure for supporting a horizontally provided shaft (horizontal axis).
  • the surface of the axially inner end surface 14b of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a of the holder 14 is rough, and the grooves (oil retaining part) 20 for retaining lubricating oil by capillary force are provided on the axially inner end surface 14b of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a, such that, when the holder 14 is moved axially to the small-diameter-side of the tapered roller 13, the grooves 20 come into contact with the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13, and as a result, the seizure of the bearing 10 is prevented even under a lubricated environment with an extremely small amount of lubricating oil.
  • the grooves 20 are separated away from the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13, and the large-diameter-side annular part 14a having the grooves 20 formed therein is not in constant contact with the tapered rollers 13, and accordingly, an increase in frictional resistance during rotation of the bearing is prevented, and wear of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a having the grooves 20 formed therein is further prevented. It is not necessary to manage the dimensions of components with high precision, and the like, and an increase in manufacturing cost can be prevented.
  • the large-diameter-side annular part 14a having the grooves 20 formed therein does not have a contact force (pressing force) set in advance, and is brought into contact with the tapered roller 13 by the component force of the holder 14 itself, so that frictional resistance is hardly generated, thereby minimizing wear deterioration of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a.
  • the holder 14 may be made of synthetic resin, and the surface roughness of the axially inner end surface 14b of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a of the holder 14 and the grooves 20 may be injection-molded with the holder 14 at the same time by an axial drawing, so that an increase in manufacturing cost can be prevented.
  • the grooves 20 may be formed along the circumferential direction, and the direction in which the centrifugal force acts during rotation of the bearing and the direction in which the groove 20 are formed, may be orthogonal to each other, so that the lubricating oil retained in the grooves 20 can be prevented from scattering due to centrifugal force.
  • the amount of lubricating oil can be significantly reduced, thereby reducing the stirring resistance of the lubricating oil.
  • the structure see FIG. 23
  • the lubricating oil pump and the oil supply passage can be eliminated, and thereby, it is possible to realize the low-weight and compactness of the overall system, and low cost.
  • the tapered roller bearing 10 of the present embodiment even under a lubricated environment where the lubricating oil is intermittently supplied into the bearing or where there is an extremely small amount of lubricating oil in the bearing, the seizure can be prevented, and accordingly, it is possible to maintain the bearing performance and the lubricating effect for a long period of time. Therefore, the tapered roller bearing 10 of the present embodiment can be suitably employed for a mechanism in which the lubricating oil pump is temporarily stopped during engine stop, such as in the transmission of some hybrid vehicles, and can deal with the situation where it is difficult to supply a sufficient amount of lubricating oil because the vehicle is towed and the lubricating oil pump does not operate.
  • the structure As a structure for pumping the lubricating oil by the lubricating oil pump P, as shown in FIG. 31 , the structure is generally known, in which the outer ring 11 of the tapered roller bearing 10 is internally fitted to the housing H, the inner ring 12 is externally fitted to the rotating shaft A, an oil supply passage R communicating with the bearing 10 is provided in the housing H, and a lubricating oil pump P is connected to the oil supply passage R.
  • the lubricating oil pumped from the lubricating oil pump P is supplied to the bearing 10 through the oil supply passage R.
  • a structure in which the lubricating oil is splashed by the gear G As a structure in which the lubricating oil is splashed by the gear G, as shown in FIG. 32 , a structure is generally known, in which the outer ring 11 of the tapered roller bearing 10 is internally fitted to the housing H, the inner ring 12 thereof is externally fitted to the rotating shaft A, and a gear G is provided on the rotating shaft A and adjacent to the inner ring 12.
  • the lubricating oil attached to the gear G is scattered by the centrifugal force due to the shaft rotation, and the scattered lubricating oil is attached and supplied to the bearing 10.
  • lubricating oil is supplied in an amount of about 50 cc/min to 1000 cc/min in order to prevent the seizure of the bearing.
  • the amount of lubricating oil is less than 10 cc/min, heat generation and seizure are likely to occur due to insufficient oil film caused by the lack of lubricating oil, and when the amount of lubricating oil is 0 cc/min (zero lubricating oil), the seizure occurs.
  • the present invention relates to dealing with a lean lubrication state rather than the non-lubricated state, which exhibits a great effect under a lubricated environment with an extremely small amount of lubricating oil, or specifically, in a lean lubrication state of about 0.01 cc/min to 10 cc/min.
  • the environment in the present specification where the lubricating oil is intermittently supplied will be described.
  • a hybrid vehicle there is a mode in which the electric motor runs during engine stop.
  • driving is performed without lubricating oil being supplied to the bearing. Therefore, a non-lubricated state is continued for up to several minutes, but the bearing should be prevented from seizure during the time duration. It is demanded that the electric travel time duration is extended with the evolution of the battery.
  • some types of vehicles control to cause the engine to rotate at regular intervals to operate the lubricating oil pump.
  • the non-lubrication application time duration can be significantly extended from several tens of minutes to several hours by increasing the oil retention amount.
  • the oil retention amount may be increased by increasing the number of oil grooves or increasing the depth of the oil grooves, for example.
  • a passenger car may be towed at the time of a failure, or as an auxiliary vehicle attached to a large vehicle such as a camping car which is leading.
  • the idling may be prevented by placing the drive wheels of a vehicle on a bogie or the like, but in reality, there are cases in which the drive wheels are towed while idling.
  • the load on the bearing is light, but in the case of the tapered roller bearing, since it is generally used with a preload, the load corresponding to the preload is always exerted.
  • the bearing is likely to develop a seizure.
  • some vehicle models include a drive device that is devised to cause splashing and refueling. According to the present invention, even if the lubricating oil pump is stopped, the bearing can be lubricated with oil until the lubricating oil stored in the oil retaining part is completely exhausted, which greatly improves the resistance against seizure even in a towed state where there is insufficient splashing or no splashing.
  • the grooves 20 may be formed in a semicircular shape within the axially inner end surface 14b of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a (inside the pocket 14f).
  • the grooves 20 are arranged concentrically with the central axis of the tapered roller 13. Accordingly, the tapered roller 13 enhances the harmonization of the oil film of the groove 20, and the lubricating oil is less likely to be splashed off by the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the bearing so that the lubricating oil retained in the grooves 20 can be prevented from scattering due to the centrifugal force.
  • the grooves 20 are open through the inner circumferential surface of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a and not open through the outer circumferential surface side of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a, the oil retaining property of the groove 20 can be improved.
  • the grooves 20 formed in a semicircular shape include two grooves with a shape such that it is divided at the center thereof, and the ends of the grooves 20 are brought into contact with the large-diameter-side end surface 13b of the tapered roller 13.
  • the grooves 20 may be formed linearly in the radial direction and parallel to the circumferential direction within the axially inner end surface 14b of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a (inside the pocket 14f).
  • the grooves 20 are formed as a blind groove that does not penetrate into either the inner circumferential surface or the outer circumferential surface of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a.
  • the lubricating oil since the grooves 20 are linearly formed in the radial direction, the lubricating oil is likely to be splashed off by the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the bearing, and thus the lubrication can be efficiently performed at a low speed rotation. Since the grooves 20 are formed as a blind groove, the lubricating oil can be retained in the grooves 20 against a certain degree of centrifugal force.
  • a plurality of holes 21 may be formed on the axially inner end surface 14b of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a (inside pocket 14f).
  • the holes 21 are a bottomed hole with a teardrop shape when viewed in the axial direction, in which the width D5 (shorter diameter side) of the hole 21 is set in a range from 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm, and the depth D6 of the hole 21 is set in a range from 0.05 mm to 1/5 of the length dimension LR of the tapered roller 13 or less.
  • the hole 21 is not limited to the teardrop shape as long as there is a narrowed portion in a part of the opening, and may have a polygonal shape or the like such as a lemon shape or a triangular shape, or a combination thereof.
  • FIGS. 25 to 28 a second embodiment of a tapered roller bearing according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 25 to 28 .
  • the same or equivalent parts as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals in the drawings and their explanation is omitted or simplified.
  • a plurality of the grooves 20 are formed parallel to each other along the circumferential direction on the axially inner end surface 14b of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a of the holder 14 (pocket surface).
  • the surface of the inner circumferential surface 14g of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a of the holder 14 is rough, and a plurality of annular part grooves 30 (six, in the present embodiment) (oil retaining part) are formed on the inner circumferential surface 14g of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a.
  • the annular part grooves 30 are formed linearly in the axial direction and parallel to the circumferential direction.
  • the annular part grooves 30 are formed to penetrate the large-diameter-side annular part 14a in the axial direction in consideration of the drawability at the time of mold releasing after molding. Note that the annular part grooves 30 may be provided for the entire pockets 14f, or may be provided for some of the pockets 14f.
  • the surface roughness of the inner circumferential surface 14g of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a is set to 3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, like the axially inner end surface 14b.
  • the width D7 of the annular part groove 30 is set in a range from 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm, and the depth D8 of the annular part groove 30 (see FIG. 26 ) is set in a range from 0.05 mm to 1/5 of the outer diameter Dr of the large-diameter-side end of the tapered roller 13 or less (see FIG. 1 ).
  • the surface of the axially inner end surface 14b and the inner circumferential surface 14g of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a of the holder 14 are rough, the grooves 20 are formed on the axially inner end surface 14b of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a, and the annular part grooves 30 are formed on the inner circumferential surface 14g of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a, so that the oil retaining ability and oil supplying ability of the holder 14 can be enhanced, and thus seizure of the bearing 10 can be further prevented.
  • a weir part 31 that closes an axially outer end opening of the annular part groove 30 may be provided at the axially outer end of the annular part groove 30 according to the optimization of the injection molding die.
  • the bottom surface of the annular part groove 30 may be inclined such that the depth D8 of the annular part groove 30 is gradually reduced toward the outer side in the axial direction according to the optimization of the injection molding die, and thus the depth becomes zero at the outer end in the axial direction.
  • the depth D8 of the annular part groove 30 may be changed, but also the width D7 of the annular part groove 30 may be gradually narrowed outward in the axial direction, or both of them may be changed.
  • a plurality of grooves 20 are provided on the axially inner end surface 14b of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a (pocket surface), and the circumferential groove 32 that is in communication with the annular part groove 30 in the circumferential direction may be formed over the entire circumference on the inner circumferential surface 14g of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a of the holder 14.
  • the annular part groove 30 may be additionally provided between the adjacent pockets 14f.
  • the lubricating oil widely retained by the large-diameter-side annular part 14a may be supplied to the pocket 14f side.
  • the depth of the circumferential groove 32 is in a range from 0.05 mm to 2 mm, and the width of the circumferential groove 32 is set in a range from 0.5 mm to -1 mm from the width of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a of holder 14.
  • FIGS. 29 and 30 a third embodiment of a tapered roller bearing according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 29 and 30 .
  • the same or equivalent parts as those in the first and second embodiments are given the same reference numerals in the drawings and their explanation is omitted or simplified.
  • a stepped part 40 including a plurality of steps is formed in the axially inner end surface 14b of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a of the holder 14 (in the pocket 14f).
  • the stepped part 40 is an oil retaining part capable of retaining the lubricating oil by the capillary force.
  • the stepped part 40 is formed in a shape such that it is divided at the center thereof.
  • annular part grooves 30 like those of the first modification (see FIG. 26 ) of the second embodiment are formed on the inner circumferential surface 14g of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a of the holder 14.
  • the stepped part 40 and the annular part grooves 30 may be provided for the entire pockets 14f, or may be provided for some of the pockets 14f.
  • the plurality of steps of the stepped part 40 are formed parallel to each other in the circumferential direction on the axially inner end surface 14b of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a.
  • the steps are provided with a step end at a position in contact with the tapered roller 13, and the radius of curvature of a step corner of the step end is formed smaller than that of the step center, so that the capillary force can be increased.
  • the width D9 (radial dimension) of one step is set in a range from 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm
  • the height D 10 (axial dimension) of one step is set in a range from 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the surface of the stepped part 40 is rough, and the surface roughness is 3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the inner circumferential surface 14g of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a is also rough, and the surface roughness is 3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the stepped part 40 is formed on the axially inner end surface 14b of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a of the holder 14, the surface of the stepped part 40 is rough, the surface of the inner circumferential surface 14g of the large-diameter-side annular part 14a is rough, a plurality of annular part grooves 30 are formed on the inner circumferential surface 14g thereof, and the step end with increased capillary force is brought into contact with the tapered roller 13, so that the oil retaining ability and oil supplying ability of the holder 14 can be enhanced, and thus seizure of the bearing 10 can be further prevented.
  • the stepped part 40 is formed along the circumferential direction, and the direction in which the centrifugal force acts during rotation of the bearing and the direction in which the stepped part 40 is formed, may be orthogonal to each other, so that scattering of the lubricating oil retained in the stepped part 40 due to centrifugal force can be prevented. Since the strength conditions for the holder 14 with respect to the injection molding die are relaxed, an increase in manufacturing cost can be further prevented.
  • a tapered roller bearing including an oil retaining part (groove) (example of the present invention, a product corresponding to the first embodiment) and a tapered roller bearing including no oil retaining part (comparative example, product of the related arts) were prepared and seizure tests were performed on each.
  • the test conditions are as follows.
  • test conditions were as follows: a single row tapered roller bearing ( ⁇ 25 ⁇ ⁇ 55 ⁇ 17) with a cage type press holder was attached to the horizontal axis (horizontal axis), the test load was an axial load of 4 kN, the rotation speed was 5,000 rpm, the working oil (VG32) was used as the lubricating oil, 5 ml of the lubricating oil was supplied before the test was started, and no further oil was supplied during the test.
  • the holder is formed by three-dimensional modeling (3D printing), has a surface roughness of 2 ⁇ m of the axially inner end surface of the large-diameter-side annular part (pocket surface), and includes an oil retaining part including four rows of grooves arranged in the circumferential direction (four rows of the two rows of grooves shown in FIG. 2 , groove width: 0.2 mm, groove depth: 0.5 mm).
  • the test was carried out two times, and seizure occurred at 86 seconds in the first test, and 71 seconds in the second test.
  • seizure did not occur until 1271 seconds in the first test, and 997 seconds for the second test, and the seizure occurrence time could be extended. Accordingly, the effectiveness of the oil retaining part (groove) of the present invention was verified.

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Claims (14)

  1. Kegelrollenlager (10), das umfasst:
    einen Außenring (11), der eine Außenring-Laufbahnfläche (11a) an einer Innenumfangsfläche aufweist, einen Innenring (12), der eine Innenring-Laufbahnfläche (12a) an einer Außenumfangsfläche aufweist, eine Vielzahl von Kegelrollen (13), die drehbar zwischen der Außenring-Laufbahnfläche (11a) und der Innenring-Laufbahnfläche (12a) vorgesehen sind, sowie einen Halter (14) zum Halten der Vielzahl von Kegelrollen (13) in im Wesentlichen gleichen Abständen in einer Umfangsrichtung, wobei
    der Halter (14) einen ringförmigen Teil (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser, einen ringförmigen Teil (14e) einer Seite mit kleinem Durchmesser, der koaxial mit dem ringförmigen Teil (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser angeordnet ist, eine Vielzahl von Säulenteilen (14e), die in im Wesentlichen gleichen Abständen in einer Umfangsrichtung vorgesehen sind und den ringförmigen Teil (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser und den ringförmigen Teil (14e) einer Seite mit kleinem Durchmesser axial verbinden, sowie eine Tasche (14f) enthält, die zwischen den Säulenteilen (14e) benachbart zueinander in der Umfangsrichtung ausgebildet ist, um die Kegelrolle (13) so zu halten, dass sie rollen kann,
    der Halter (14) aus Kunststoff besteht, einen ersten Spalt (51) zwischen der axial innenliegenden Endfläche (14d) des ringförmigen Teils (14e) einer Seite mit kleinem Durchmesser und der Endfläche (13e) an der Seite mit kleinem Durchmesser der Kegelrolle (13) enthält, einen zweiten Spalt (52) zwischen der axial innenliegenden Endfläche (14b) des ringförmigen Teils (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser und der Endfläche (13b) an der Seite mit großem Durchmesser der Kegelrolle (13) aufweist und innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Bereiches in der axialen Richtung bewegt werden kann,
    der ringförmige Teil (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser mit einem Öl-Rückhalteteil versehen ist, der ein Schmieröl zurückhält, und
    wenn der Halter (14) axial auf die Seite mit kleinem Durchmesser der Kegelrolle (13) zu bewegt wird, der Öl-Rückhalteteil in Kontakt mit der Endfläche (13b) an der Seite mit großem Durchmesser der Kegelrolle (13) kommt, und wenn der Halter (14) axial auf die Seite mit großem Durchmesser der Kegelrolle (13) zu bewegt wird, der Öl-Rückhalteteil von der Endfläche (13b) an der Seite mit großem Durchmesser der Kegelrolle (13) getrennt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    von Flächen des ringförmigen Teils (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser wenigstens die axial innenliegende Endfläche (14b) rau ist,
    der Öl-Rückhalteteil wenigstens eine Nut (20) oder eine Vielzahl von Löchern (21) enthält, wobei die Nuten (20) oder die Löcher (21) eine dünne Form haben, so dass das Schmieröl durch Wirkung von Kapillarkraft zurückgehalten werden kann, und
    der Öl-Rückhalteteil das darin gespeicherte Schmieröl der Endfläche (13b) an der Seite mit großem Durchmesser der Kegelrolle (13) aufgrund der Wirkung der Kapillarkraft mit der Endfläche (13b) an der Seite mit großem Durchmesser zuführt.
  2. Kegelrollenlager (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei
    ein Ende (20) der Nut (20) oder ein Ende des Lochs (21), das mit der Kegelrolle (13) in Kontakt gebracht werden kann, an der axial innenliegenden Endfläche (14b) des ringförmigen Teils (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser innerhalb einer Projektionsebene der Endfläche (13b) an der Seite mit großem Durchmesser der Kegelrolle (13) auf die axial innenliegende Endfläche (14b) des ringförmigen Teils (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser angeordnet ist, und
    die Nut (20) oder das Loch (21) der Kegelrolle (13) von dem Ende (20a) der Nut (20) oder dem Ende des Lochs (21), das mit der axial innenliegenden Endfläche (14b) des ringförmigen Teils (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser verbunden ist, Schmieröl zuführt.
  3. Kegelrollenlager (10) nach Anspruch 2, wobei eine Ecke (20d) zwischen der Nut (20), die das Schmieröl zurückhalten kann, und der axial innenliegenden Endfläche (14b) des ringförmigen Teils (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser eine scharfe Kante aufweist.
  4. Kegelrollenlager (10) nach Anspruch 2, wobei eine Nutboden-Ecke in einem radialen Querschnitt der Nut (20), die das Schmieröl zurückhalten kann, eine Bogenform hat, und
    die Bogenform der Nutboden-Ecke (20e) einen maximalen Bogenabschnitt mit einem Radius einschließt, der auf 1/4 bis 1/2 einer radialen Breite der Nut (20) festgelegt ist.
  5. Kegelrollenlager (10) nach Anspruch 4, wobei ein Radius der Bogenform der Nutboden-Ecke in dem radialen Querschnitt der Nut (20e) von einer Mitte (20b) zu dem Ende (20a) der Nut (20) hin abnimmt.
  6. Kegelrollenlager (10) nach Anspruch 2, wobei eine Tiefe des Endes (20a) der Nut (20) kleiner ist als eine Tiefe einer Mitte (20b) der Nut (20).
  7. Kegelrollenlager (10) nach Anspruch 2, wobei eine Breite des Endes (20a) der Nut (20) kleiner ist als eine Breite einer Mitte (20b) der Nut (20).
  8. Kegelrollenlager (10) nach Anspruch 2, wobei die axial innenliegende Endfläche (14b) des ringförmigen Teils (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser (14a) so geformt ist, dass mehr als die Hälfte der Enden (20a) der an der axial innenliegenden Endfläche (14b) des ringförmigen Teils (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser (14a) in der Projektionsebene der Endfläche (13b) an der Seite mit großem Durchmesser der Kegelrolle (13) auf der axial innenliegenden Endfläche (14b) des ringförmigen Teils (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser (14a) vorhandenen Nuten (20) gleichzeitig mit der Endfläche (13b) an der Seite mit großem Durchmesser der Kegelrolle (13) in Kontakt gebracht werden kann.
  9. Kegelrollenlager (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Halter (14) wenigstens eine Struktur, bei der eine Innenumfangsfläche des ringförmigen Teils (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser von einer Außenumfangsfläche eines großen Flanschteils (12b) des Innenrings (12) radial geführt wird, oder/und eine Struktur aufweist, bei der eine Innenumfangsfläche des ringförmigen Teils (14c) der Seite mit kleinem Durchmesser von einer Außenumfangsfläche eines kleinen Flanschteils (12e) des Innenrings (12) radial geführt wird.
  10. Kegelrollenlager (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei ein Öffnungswinkel (θ) einer Umfangsseiten-Fläche des Säulenteils (14e), der die Tasche (14f) bildet, auf 0 bis 40° eingestellt ist.
  11. Kegelrollenlager (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die axial innenliegende Endfläche (14b) des ringförmigen Teils (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser (14a) eine konkave sphärische Form hat und die Endfläche (13b) an der Seite mit großem Durchmesser der Kegelrolle (13) eine konvexe sphärische Form hat, und
    wenn ein Krümmungsradius der konkaven sphärischen Form der axial innenliegenden Endfläche (14b) des ringförmigen Teils (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser (14a) SRy ist und ein Krümmungsradius der konvexen sphärischen Form Endfläche (13b) an der Seite mit großem Durchmesser der Kegelrolle (13) Ra ist, SRy = Ra ± 20% Ra festgelegt ist.
  12. Kegelrollenlager (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die axial innenliegende Endfläche (14b) des ringförmigen Teils (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser eine konkave Form in einer Umfangsrichtung oder einer radialen Richtung hat und die Endfläche (13b) an der Seite mit großem Durchmesser der Kegelrolle (13) eine konvexe sphärische Form hat, und
    wenn ein Krümmungsradius der konkaven Form der axial innenliegenden Endfläche (14b) des ringförmigen Teils (14a) einer Seite mit großem Durchmesser (14a) in einer Umfangsrichtung oder einer radialen Richtung Rz ist und ein Krümmungsradius der konvexen sphärischen Form der Endfläche (13b) an der Seite mit großem Durchmesser der Kegelrolle (13) Ra ist, Rz = Ra ± 20% Ra festgelegt ist.
  13. Kegelrollenlager (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Öl-Rückhalteteil einen abgestuften Teil (40) enthält, der in der Lage ist, Schmieröl zurückzuhalten.
  14. Kegelrollenlager (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, wobei das Lager (10) in einer geschmierten Umgebung eingesetzt wird, in der dem Innenraum des Lagers (10) intermittierend Schmieröl zugeführt wird, oder in der sich eine extrem geringe Menge an Schmieröl in dem Lager (10) befindet.
EP19764186.3A 2018-03-09 2019-03-08 Kegelrollenlager Active EP3763958B1 (de)

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PCT/JP2019/009490 WO2019172446A1 (ja) 2018-03-09 2019-03-08 円すいころ軸受

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US20210054877A1 (en) 2021-02-25
JPWO2019172446A1 (ja) 2021-02-25
WO2019172446A1 (ja) 2019-09-12
EP3763958A1 (de) 2021-01-13
JP7306372B2 (ja) 2023-07-11
CN111868400A (zh) 2020-10-30
KR102478695B1 (ko) 2022-12-16
US11306774B2 (en) 2022-04-19
CN111868400B (zh) 2022-06-21
KR20200117025A (ko) 2020-10-13
EP3763958A4 (de) 2021-04-28

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