EP3744889A1 - Retention plate and needle plate for a needle machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) for a needle machine (1) has a plurality of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182), each recess arrangement (18, 181, 182) at least one recess (20, 201, 202) for receiving needles (8) of a row of needles of a needle board (6) of the needle machine (1), at least first and second recess arrangements (181, 182) of the plurality of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) obliquely to a longitudinal direction (L < sub> 1 </sub>) of the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) is arranged, and an amount of the angle (β) of the second recess arrangements (182) to the longitudinal direction (L ₁) of the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) differs from an amount of the angle (α) of the first recess arrangements (181) to the longitudinal direction (L ₁) of the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) ).

Description

The present invention relates to a hold-down plate and a throat plate for a needle machine for needling a textile fabric, e.g. a nonwoven, woven or scrim.

Needle machines are well known and for example in Lünenschloß and Albrecht: "Vliesstoffe", Georg-Thieme-Verlag Stuttgart, 1982, pp. 122 to 129 or in Albrecht, Fuchs, Kittelmann: "Vliesstoffe", Wiley-VCH Verlag Weinheim, 2000, p. 270 ff . described.

When needling flat textile structures, in particular nonwovens, it is desirable to achieve a needling that is as uniform as possible without patterns being formed in the flat textile structure.

The present invention is based on the object of specifying a hold-down plate and a throat plate for a needle machine as well as a needle machine with which a uniform textile fabric is needled even with a large feed-per-stroke ratio or over a larger feed range of the needle machine.

This object is achieved by the subjects of claims 1 and 14. Preferred embodiments are the subject of the subclaims.

According to the invention, a hold-down plate or a throat plate for holding down or supporting a textile fabric in a needle machine for needling the textile fabric has a plurality of recess arrangements, each recess arrangement of the plurality of recess arrangements having at least one recess and being set up to needles of a row of needles of a needle board the needle machine. At least first and second recess arrangements of the plurality of recess arrangements are arranged obliquely with respect to a longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate, which corresponds to a conveying direction of the flat structure to be needled in the needle machine. An amount of the angle of the second recess arrangements of the plurality of recess arrangements to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate is different from an amount of the Angle of the first recess arrangements of the plurality of recess arrangements to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate.

By varying the amount of the angle of the first and second recess arrangements to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate, it is possible to arrange the needle rows of the needle board of the needle machine at different angles to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate. Due to the uneven distribution of the needles in the needle board achieved in this way, the formation of patterns in the needled fabric can be prevented in the majority of cases even at high conveying speeds of the textile fabric in the needle machine. At the same time, a correspondingly designed hold-down plate or throat plate prevents the needles of the needle board from pulling individual fibers or fiber bundles undesirably far out of the textile fabric or separating them entirely from it. A correspondingly designed throat plate also enables the needles to completely penetrate the textile fabric in order to achieve the most consistent reorientation possible and thus homogeneous needling of the fabric without colliding with the throat plate supporting the textile fabric in the needle area.

Preferably, all of the recess arrangements of the plurality of recess arrangements are designed as first or second recess arrangements, which is why the recess arrangements described below always include at least the first and second recess arrangements. However, it is also conceivable that the plurality of recess arrangements comprise third or further recess arrangements which are arranged at further different angles to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate. It is also conceivable that the plurality of recess arrangements also comprise recess arrangements which extend in the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate.

The recess arrangements of the plurality of recess arrangements are preferably elongated. This means that the length of a recess arrangement is greater than the width of this recess arrangement. Furthermore, each recess arrangement extends along its length along a longitudinal axis and the amount of the angle of the recess arrangement to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate is defined between the longitudinal axis of the recess arrangement and an axis parallel to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate.

With regard to the angle of the first and second recess arrangements, the smaller of the two intersection angles between the longitudinal axis of a recess arrangement and the parallels to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate is always considered, with the direction of rotation always starting from the parallel to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate to the longitudinal axis of the recess arrangement should be defined. A counterclockwise direction of rotation (mathematically positive direction of rotation) is identified by a positive sign and a direction of rotation clockwise (mathematically negative direction of rotation) is identified by a negative sign.

It is further preferred that each recess arrangement of the plurality of recess arrangements receives a plurality of the needles of a row of needles of the needle board. The recess arrangements of the plurality of recess arrangements can each also accommodate all needles of a row of needles. This formulation includes, on the one hand, that the at least one recess completely penetrates the hold-down plate or the throat plate and the needles of the needle board can pass through the at least one recess. On the other hand, this also includes the fact that the at least one recess does not completely penetrate the throat plate, but rather forms a recess with a base. Such a recess has a corresponding depth so that the needles of the needle board penetrate the textile fabric and can enter the at least one recess.

According to a first preferred embodiment, recess arrangements of the plurality of recess arrangements each comprise a single recess which is formed at an angle to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate. Such a recess is then formed continuously along the longitudinal axis of the recess arrangement, which is oriented at an angle obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate. Furthermore, such a recess is preferably set up to receive all needles of a row of needles on the needle board. That is, the recess is aligned with a row of needles on the needle board and the recess has a sufficient width and a sufficient length to accommodate an entire row of needles. As a result, the hold-down plate or throat plate has as few as possible Recesses and is therefore easy and inexpensive to manufacture. In addition, the needles of a row of needles can be arranged as close to one another as possible.

According to a second preferred embodiment, recess arrangements of the plurality of recess arrangements each comprise a plurality of recesses, each recess of the plurality of recesses of a recess arrangement being formed obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate and the recesses of a recess arrangement in a row along the longitudinal direction and thus along the longitudinal axis of the recess arrangement are arranged. The recesses of the plurality of recesses are then each elongated and preferably aligned with one another in such a way that their longitudinal axes are aligned with one another and coincide with the longitudinal axis of the respective recess arrangement. Alternatively, the longitudinal axes of the plurality of recesses of a recess arrangement can also be offset from one another, but are then preferably formed parallel to one another and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the respective recess arrangement. In a further modification of the second embodiment, the recesses of a recess arrangement can also have a different geometry, e.g. have a circular shape, and be arranged in a row along the longitudinal direction and thus along the longitudinal axis of the recess arrangement.

In the second embodiment, the longitudinal axes of the plurality of recesses of a recess arrangement are preferably each arranged at the same angle to the longitudinal axis of the hold-down plate or throat plate. Each recess is also designed to receive at least one needle or some of the needles in a row of needles on the needle board. In addition, the plurality of recesses is designed as described above in general or with reference to the first embodiment.

In the second embodiment, the hold-down plate or throat plate has more recesses than in the first embodiment, but still fewer recesses in relation to a hold-down plate or throat plate with a recess for each needle, so that it can be produced more easily and cost-effectively. In addition, at least some of the needles in a row of needles can be arranged as close to one another as possible.

According to a third preferred embodiment, recess arrangements of the plurality of recess arrangements each comprise a plurality of recesses, each recess of the plurality of recesses of a recess arrangement being formed parallel to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate, and the recesses of a recess arrangement are arranged in a row which is inclined runs to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate.

In the third embodiment, the recesses of the plurality of recesses are each elongated, so that their longitudinal axis extends parallel to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate. At the same time, the recesses of the plurality of recesses of a recess arrangement are arranged offset to one another in the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate and in a transverse direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate, that the recesses form a row along the longitudinal axis of the respective recess arrangement, which is aligned obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate. That is, a predefined point of each recess, e.g. a center point or an apex of each recess is arranged on the longitudinal axis. Each recess of the plurality of recesses of a recess arrangement is designed to preferably receive a needle of a row of needles on the needle board, but can also accommodate a plurality of needles and thus part of the needles of a row of needles on the needle board. In addition, the plurality of recesses is designed as described above in general or with reference to the first and second embodiment.

Because each recess of the plurality of recesses of a recess arrangement is formed parallel to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate, the length of the recesses is essentially freely selectable and can achieve a desired horizontal stroke regardless of the angle of the respective recess arrangement to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate Allow needles. The width of the recesses can always be kept small in order to enable the functional retention or stripping of the fibers from the needles.

The plurality of recess arrangements of a hold-down plate or throat plate can be designed according to a single embodiment or can comprise recess arrangements of different embodiments in any combination.

The recess arrangements of the plurality of recess arrangements are preferably arranged in a plurality of blocks, all of the recess arrangements of a block of the plurality of blocks being arranged parallel to one another. Each block of the plurality of blocks comprises a plurality of recess arrangements, these recess arrangements preferably forming a row which preferably extends in the transverse direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate. The blocks of the plurality of blocks are preferably arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate.

It helps to further homogenize the stitch pattern in the needled textile fabric if the rows of needles and thus the plurality of blocks of recess arrangements are arranged in a herringbone pattern. This is to be understood as an arrangement in which the recess arrangements of the individual blocks are arranged obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate that the angle of the recess arrangements of a block to the longitudinal direction has a certain sign (positive or negative) and the angle of the recess arrangements one In the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate, the adjoining block has an opposite sign (negative or positive). The angle of the recess arrangements of successive blocks can have the same amount, whereby a homogeneous herringbone pattern is formed in parts of the hold-down plate or throat plate. The angles of the recess arrangements of successive blocks can, however, also have different amounts.

In a preferred embodiment, the recess arrangements of at least one first block of the plurality of blocks are designed differently from the recess arrangements of at least one second block of the plurality of blocks of recess arrangements. This enables diverse variations of the needling and thereby a particularly homogeneous stitch pattern that is as flawless as possible in the textile fabric. The recess arrangements of the first block and the second block can differ, for example, in that they are first and second recess arrangements correspond that they are arranged in a herringbone pattern and thus have different directions of inclination with respect to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate, and / or that the first block comprises recess arrangements according to one of the first to third embodiments and the second block comprises recess arrangements according to another of the first to third embodiment includes. It is also conceivable that the recess arrangements of the first and second blocks have different widths and / or different lengths or that a block comprises differently designed recess arrangements.

It has been found to be particularly preferred if the magnitude of the angle of the first recess arrangements to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate is between 10 degrees and 30 degrees, preferably between 15 degrees and 25 degrees, particularly preferably between 17 degrees and 23 degrees.

It has also proven to be advantageous if the magnitude of the angle of the second recess arrangements to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate is between 25 degrees and 65 degrees, preferably between 30 degrees and 60 degrees, particularly preferably between 42 degrees and 48 degrees.

A row of needles on a needle board usually has between 5 and 40 needles. The needles of a row of needles can be connected to one another and then form a needle module which is arranged in a slot in the needle board. The length of a recess arrangement of the plurality of recess arrangements preferably corresponds to the length of a row of needles and is therefore dependent on the number of needles per row of needles on the needle board and the distance between the needles within a row of needles.

The width of the at least one recess of a recess arrangement of the plurality of recess arrangements is preferably so large that a collision of the needles with the hold-down plate or throat plate is reliably avoided, even at very high stroke frequencies of, for example, more than 1,500 strokes / minute. In addition, the width is at the same time sufficiently small to ensure that the hold-down plate or the throat plate removes fibers that get stuck on the needles of the needle board. The width of a recess therefore essentially depends on the needle diameter as well as the fiber diameter. The width of the at least one recess is preferably a maximum of 12 mm, preferably a maximum of 8 mm, more preferably a maximum of 6 mm.

It has also been found that the distortion within the textile fabric can be further reduced if the needles of a needle board perform a horizontal stroke. This means that the needles perform a lifting movement in the conveying direction of the flat structure to be needled, while they are at least partially located in the textile flat structure. This minimizes a relative movement between the fibers of the sheet-like structure and the needles in the conveying direction and thus the risk of distortion. The at least one recess of the plurality of recess arrangements therefore preferably extends at least in sections by a predetermined amount parallel to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate and is designed to enable a predetermined horizontal stroke of needles of the needle board.

The amount of extension of a recess parallel to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate is greater than the desired or predetermined value of the horizontal stroke of the needles of the needle board. In particular, in addition to the amount of the horizontal stroke, the needle diameter and sufficient tolerance must be taken into account in order to avoid a collision of the needles with the hold-down plate or the throat plate. Depending on the embodiment of the plurality of recess arrangements, this requirement results in that the at least one recess of the plurality of recess arrangements must be either long enough or wide enough to extend the predetermined amount parallel to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate .

If the plurality of recess arrangements is formed according to the first or second embodiment, the at least one recess therefore preferably has at least one width, the amount of which is determined by multiplying the predetermined amount by the sine of the angle between the respective recess arrangement and the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the Throat plate results.

If the plurality of recess arrangements is formed according to the third embodiment, the at least one recess preferably has a length whose amount corresponds at least to the predetermined amount.

From the requirement set out above for a maximum width of the at least one recess, it also follows that the angle between the respective recess arrangement and the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate and the predetermined amount of the extension of the recess in the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate at Recess arrangements according to the first and the second embodiment are limited.

From a certain angle between the respective recess arrangement and the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or throat plate, there is therefore preferably a transition from recess arrangements of the first or second embodiment to recess arrangements according to the third embodiment. Recess arrangements according to the third embodiment make it possible to increase both the angle of the respective recess arrangement and the predetermined amount of extension in the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate and thus the possible horizontal stroke of the needles while maintaining the same width.

The sine of the angle between the longitudinal axis of a recess arrangement and a line parallel to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate results from the ratio of the width of the recess arrangement to the predetermined amount of the longitudinal extension. Is e.g. the maximum width is set at 3 mm and if a predetermined amount of 6 mm is desired, the sine is 0.5. The maximum angle at which a recess arrangement according to the first and second embodiment can be arranged in order to meet this requirement results correspondingly to 30 °. If the maximum width is not to be exceeded, recess arrangements are to be formed with a larger angle to the longitudinal direction of the hold-down plate or the throat plate according to the third embodiment.

It has proven to be particularly effective if the horizontal stroke of the needles of the needle board and thus the predetermined amount of extension of the at least one recess of the plurality of recess arrangements parallel to the longitudinal direction is between 2 and 12 mm, preferably between 4 and 8 mm.

It goes without saying that this also includes all intermediate values, preferably in steps of 0.5 mm.

A needle machine according to the invention for needling a textile fabric comprises a needle board which has a plurality of rows of needles which are arranged obliquely to a longitudinal direction of the needle board which corresponds to a conveying direction of the fabric to be needled in the needle machine, and a hold-down plate and / or a needle plate, as previously described.

In this way, a needle loom is provided which shows the features described above and provides the advantages mentioned.

Finally, it is preferred that each recess arrangement of the plurality of recess arrangements is aligned with a row of needles of the plurality of needle rows of the needle board in order to enable the at least one recess of the respective recess arrangement to receive needles of the needle row of the needle board.

Fig. 1

zeigt eine schematische Seitenansicht der wesentlichen Komponenten einer Nadelmaschine;

Fig. 2

zeigt eine Draufsicht eines Ausschnitts einer erfindungsgemäßen Niederhalterplatte bzw. Stichplatte; und

Fig. 3

zeigt eine Detailansicht der Niederhalterplatte bzw. Stichplatte nach Fig. 2.

Further features and advantages of the present invention emerge from the following description with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1

shows a schematic side view of the essential components of a needle loom;

Fig. 2

shows a plan view of a section of a hold-down plate or throat plate according to the invention; and

Fig. 3

shows a detailed view of the hold-down plate or throat plate Fig. 2 .

In Fig. 1 the schematic structure of a needle loom 1 is shown in a side view. A textile fabric 2, such as a nonwoven web, is fed to an inlet of the needle machine 1 and conveyed to a needle zone. In the area of the needle zone, a needle bar 4 is arranged with a needle board 6 attached to it, which is equipped with needles 8 for solidifying the sheet-like structure 2. In this area that becomes Textile fabrics 2 to be needled are guided between a hold-down plate 10 for holding down the textile fabric 2 and a throat plate 12 for supporting the textile fabric 2 in the needle zone. The needles 8 compact the flat structure 2 in that they are pierced at high frequency into the textile flat structure 2 and pulled out again. The needles 8 usually pass through recesses in the hold-down plate 10 and the throat plate 12. The throat plate 12 can also have recesses which do not completely penetrate it, but are merely so deep that they receive the tips of the needles 8 passing through the flat structure 2. To move the needles 8 up and down in a puncture direction E, a drive 14 is preferably provided, which is designed, for example, as a connecting rod drive.

In order to avoid distortions from forming in the fabric 2 while the needles 8 are in the fabric 2 and this is being moved further in a conveying direction F, the needle board 6 with the needles 8 in a preferred embodiment of a needle machine 1 performs a horizontal stroke H parallel to conveying direction F. The needle board 6 with the needles 8 can be moved together with the textile fabric 2 in the conveying direction F. In particular, while the needles 8 are pierced into the textile fabric 2, the needles 8 are moved along with the fabric 2 in order to minimize a relative movement between the needles 8 and the fabric 2. In order to effect the horizontal stroke H, either a secondary drive engaging the needle board 6 can be provided, or the drive 14 can be designed accordingly or coupled in a certain way to the needle bar 4, as is already known to the person skilled in the art.

The resulting product is a solidified textile fabric 16, for example a fleece. The person skilled in the art knows the most varied forms of needle machines 1, including double needle machines in which needling is carried out from above and from below by means of two needle bars, or needle machines with and without a horizontal stroke. It goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to different forms of needling machines and is not restricted to the embodiment of a needling machine 1 described herein. For example, in double needle machines, the throat plate 12 simultaneously forms a hold-down plate for a needle bar arranged below the sheet-like structure 2.

The needles 8 of a needle board 6 are usually arranged in rows of between 5 and 40 needles. The rows of needles are preferably arranged obliquely to a longitudinal direction of the needle board 6, which extends parallel to the conveying direction F of the flat structure 2 in the needle machine 1.

The recesses in the hold-down plate 10 correspond primarily with regard to their arrangement and possibly also with regard to their design with the recesses in the throat plate 12. The present invention can therefore be used below for a hold-down plate 10 and a throat plate 12 using the methods shown in Fig. 2 and 3 illustrated excerpts of the same are explained.

The Fig. 2 and 3 each show a section of a hold-down plate 10 or throat plate 12 according to the invention, the section according to Fig. 3 about the in Fig. 2 corresponds to the section marked with reference III.

The hold-down plate 10 or the throat plate 12 has a plurality of recess arrangements 18. Each recess arrangement 18 comprises at least one recess 20 and is set up to receive needles 8 of a row of needles on the needle board 6 of the needle loom 1. Furthermore, at least first and second recess arrangements 181, 182 of the plurality of recess arrangements 18 are arranged obliquely to a longitudinal direction L ₁ of hold-down plate 10 or throat plate 12, which corresponds to conveying direction F of the flat structure 2 to be needled in the needle machine 1. An amount of an angle β of the second recess arrangements 182 of the plurality of recess arrangements 18 to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate 10 or the throat plate 12 differs from an amount of the angle α of the first recess arrangements 181 of the plurality of recess arrangements 18 to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate 10 or the throat plate 12.

In the embodiment shown, all of the recess arrangements 18 are designed either as a first or as a second recess arrangement 181, 182. As explained at the beginning, any other recess arrangements 18 can also be provided.

The recess arrangements 18 have a length A ₁ and a width B ₁ , the length A _{1 being} greater than the width B ₁ , so that the recess arrangements 18 are elongated. Furthermore, the recess arrangements 18 extend along their length A ₁ along a longitudinal axis 22 which defines a longitudinal direction L _{2 of} the respective recess arrangement 18. The angles α, β of the plurality of recess arrangements 18 to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate 10 or the throat plate 12 are defined between the respective longitudinal axis 22 and a line parallel to the longitudinal direction L ₁ .

The recess arrangements 18 of the plurality of recess arrangements 18 can be designed in the most varied of ways. On the one hand, in addition to first recess arrangements 181 and second recess arrangements 182, which differ in the angle between their respective longitudinal axis 22 and the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12, third and further recess arrangements can also be provided, which differ in a further from the angles α and β extend different angles to the longitudinal direction L ₁ . On the other hand, the recess arrangements 18 including the first recess arrangements 181, the second recess arrangements 182 or optional further recess arrangements can be designed according to one of the embodiments explained below.

According to a first embodiment, a recess arrangement 18 comprises a single recess 20 which is arranged at an angle to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12. This recess 20 is then formed continuously along the longitudinal axis 22 of the recess arrangement 18, the longitudinal axis 22 being oriented at an angle obliquely to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12. In the Fig. 2 and 3 the second recess arrangements 182 are formed according to the first embodiment. The recess 20 preferably has a length A ₂ which corresponds to the length A _{1 of} the respective recess arrangement 18 and which is suitable for receiving a row of needles 8 of the needles 8 of the needle board 6 of the needle loom 1.

In Fig. 3 For example, two recesses 201 and 202 of the recesses 20 of a recess arrangement 18 according to a second embodiment are shown. Such a recess arrangement 18 comprises a plurality of recesses 20 or 201, 202, each recess 20, 201, 202 at an angle to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12 is arranged. In addition, the recesses 20, 201, 202 of this recess arrangement 18 are arranged in a row along the longitudinal direction L _{2 of} the recess arrangement 18 or along its longitudinal axis 22.

The recesses 201, 202 are each elongated and have a longitudinal axis. The recesses 201, 202 are preferably aligned with one another in such a way that their longitudinal axes are aligned with one another. The longitudinal axes of the recesses 201, 202 also preferably coincide with the longitudinal axis 22 of the respective recess arrangement.

The recesses 20 or 201, 202 according to a recess arrangement 18 of the second embodiment preferably have a length that is suitable for receiving at least one needle and preferably a larger part of the needles 8 of a row of needles on the needle board 6.

Recess arrangements 18 according to a third embodiment each comprise a plurality of recesses 20, of which each recess 20 is arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12. Furthermore, the recesses 20 of a recess arrangement 18 of the third embodiment are arranged in a row which runs obliquely to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12.

In the Fig. 2 and 3 the first recess arrangements 181 are designed according to the third embodiment. The longitudinal axis 23 of each of these recesses 20 extends parallel to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12. Furthermore, the recesses 20 in this embodiment are both in the longitudinal direction L ₁ and in the transverse direction Q _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12 offset from one another in such a way that they form a row along the longitudinal axis 22 of the respective recess arrangement 18.

Preferably, the recesses 20 of a recess arrangement 18 according to the third embodiment are dimensioned such that they each receive a needle 8 of a row of needles on the needle board 6. The recesses 20 can, however, also be dimensioned in this way be that they receive two of the needles 8 lying next to one another in a row of needles or needles of several rows of needles arranged one behind the other.

A hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12 according to the invention can comprise recess arrangements of just a single one of these embodiments, or it can also comprise any combinations of recess arrangements 18 of different embodiments. In particular, alternative embodiments of recess arrangements 18 are also conceivable, which are nevertheless arranged according to the invention.

Unless otherwise described, the embodiments and features described herein apply to all embodiments of recess arrangements 18.

The recess arrangements 18 of the plurality of recess arrangements 18 can be arranged in a plurality of blocks 24, 26. The recess arrangements 18 of a block 24, 26 are preferably arranged parallel to one another and form a series of recess arrangements 18 which extend in the transverse direction Q _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12. The blocks 24, 26 are then arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12. In the transverse direction Q _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12, the blocks 24, 26 can extend over the entire width of the respective hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12 or only over partial sections thereof.

According to the preferred embodiment Fig. 2 and 3 the recess arrangements 18 of the blocks 24, 26 are arranged in a herringbone pattern. The angle of all recess arrangements 18 of a block 24, 26 to the longitudinal direction L ₁ has a certain sign (positive or negative), which is the opposite of the sign (negative or positive) of the angle of all recess arrangements 18 of a block 24 adjoining it in the longitudinal direction L ₁ , 26 is. The recess arrangements 18 of successive blocks 26 and 26 or 24 and 24 have the same amount of this angle, while the recess arrangements 18 of successive blocks 24 and 26 have different amounts of the angle.

In the Fig. 2 and 3 The hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12 shown comprises a first block 24 first recess arrangements 181 of the plurality of recess arrangements 18 and a second block 26 comprises second recess arrangements 182 of the plurality of recess arrangements 18. Furthermore, the recess arrangements 18, 181 of the first block 24 are formed according to the third embodiment, while the recess arrangements 18, 182 of the second block 26 are formed according to the first embodiment . Various combinations are alternatively conceivable here.

Regardless of the embodiment of a recess 20, it has a width B ₂ which must be large enough to reliably avoid a collision of the at least one needle 8 to be received in this recess 20 with the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12 in the area of this recess 20 becomes. The width B _{2 of} a recess 20 is therefore greater than the diameter of a needle 8 to be received. At the same time, the width B _{2 of} a recess 20 is so small that the stripping of stuck fibers from the needles 8 by means of the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12 is ensured .

In order to enable a horizontal stroke H of the needle board 6 or the needles 8, the at least one recess 20 of the plurality of recess arrangements 18 preferably extends at least in sections by a predetermined amount X parallel to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12 and is set up to enable the predetermined horizontal stroke H of the needles 8. As a result, the needles 8 are given sufficient space to move in the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12 and thus in the conveying direction F of the textile fabric 2 in order to be able to perform a horizontal stroke H.

It follows from this that the amount X of the extension parallel to the longitudinal direction L _{1 should be} greater than the desired or the predetermined value of the horizontal stroke H of the needles 8.

Depending on the design of the plurality of recess arrangements 18, this results in different requirements for their dimensions. In particular, the recesses 20 of the plurality of recess arrangements 18 must be either long enough or wide enough to be able to extend by the predetermined amount X parallel to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12.

In the case of recess arrangements 18 according to the first and second embodiment, the recesses 20 provided in each case are aligned obliquely to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12. The amount X of the extension of a recess 20 in the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12 therefore depends on the width B _{2 of} the respective recess 20. The length A _{2 of} the recess, on the other hand, is less restrictive with regard to the amount X, but must also be taken into account, particularly in the second embodiment.

In again Fig. 3 Contained detailed view of a recess 20 of a recess arrangement of the second embodiment can be seen, a minimum width B ₂ extends over the angle α, β between the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12 and the longitudinal axis 22 of the respective recess arrangement 18 with the predetermined amount X in proportion. The mathematical relationship between the angle α or β, the width B ₂ and the amount X results in: $$\sin \left(\mathrm{\alpha },\mathrm{\beta }\right)={\mathrm{B.}}_{\mathrm{2}}/\mathrm{X}$$

Correspondingly, a minimum width B ₂ results for a desired predetermined amount X by multiplying the sine of the respective angle α, β by the amount X. Conversely, a maximum angle can be determined from this ratio at which a maximum permissible width is still at a predetermined amount X is reachable.

It can be seen that as the amount of the angle α, β increases, the necessary width B _{2 of} a recess 20 increases in order to achieve the same predetermined amount X of the extension in the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12. Since from a certain width B _{2 of} a recess 20, for example a width greater than 6 mm, the function of the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12 is not always reliably fulfilled, the one with the recess arrangement 18 according to the first and second embodiment is maximum The amount X to be achieved of the extension in the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the recesses 20 of these recess arrangements 18 is limited.

By larger amounts X of the extension in the longitudinal direction L ₁ or larger angles α, β of the recess arrangements 18 to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12, the recesses 20 of the recess arrangements 18 can therefore be designed according to the third embodiment.

The recesses 20 of the recess arrangements 18 according to the third embodiment extend parallel to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12. Significant for their suitability to enable a horizontal stroke H of the needles 8 in the conveying direction F is therefore essentially the length A. _{2 of} the recesses 20. The length A _{2 of} a recess 20 therefore preferably corresponds to at least the predetermined amount X of the extension in the longitudinal direction L ₁ . As a result, the recesses 20 can be made narrow, that is to say with a small width B ₂ , while at the same time they can be adapted to the desired horizontal stroke H over their length A ₂ .

Since the various recesses 20 of a recess arrangement 18 according to the third embodiment are arranged at the same time along the longitudinal axis 22 of the recess arrangement 18, which in turn is oriented obliquely to the longitudinal direction L _{1 of} the hold-down plate or throat plate 10, 12, it is also made possible that the assigned row of needles is Needle board 6 is also arranged obliquely to the longitudinal direction L ₁ or to the conveying direction F of the textile fabric 2 of the needle machine 1 in order to obtain a textile fabric 16 that is needled as evenly as possible.

Claims (15)

Hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) for holding down or supporting a flat textile structure (2) in a needle machine (1) for needling the flat textile structure (2),
wherein the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) has a plurality of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182),
wherein each recess arrangement (18, 181, 182) of the plurality of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) has at least one recess (20, 201, 202) and is adapted to feed needles (8) of a needle row of a needle board (6) of the needle machine (1) include;
wherein at least first and second recess arrangements (181, 182) of the plurality of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) are arranged obliquely to a longitudinal direction (L ₁ ) of the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) which corresponds to a conveying direction (F) of the flat structure (2) to be needled in the needle machine (1);
wherein an amount of the angle (β) of the second recess arrangements (182) of the plurality of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) to the longitudinal direction (L ₁ ) of the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) differs from an amount of the angle ( a) the first recess arrangements (181) of the plurality of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) to the longitudinal direction (L ₁ ) of the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12). Hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) of the plurality of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) each comprise a single recess (20) which is inclined to the longitudinal direction ( L ₁ ) of the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) is formed. Hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) of the plurality of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) each comprise a plurality of recesses (201, 202), each Recess (201, 202) of the plurality of recesses (201, 202) of a recess arrangement (18, 181, 182) is formed obliquely to the longitudinal direction (L ₁ ) of the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) and the recesses (201, 202) of a recess arrangement (18, 181, 182) are arranged in a row along the longitudinal direction (L ₂ ) of this recess arrangement (18, 181, 182). Hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) according to Claim 1, characterized in that recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) of the plurality of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) each comprise a plurality of recesses (20), each recess ( 20) of the plurality of recesses (20) is parallel to the longitudinal direction (L ₁ ) of the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12), and the recesses (20) of a recess arrangement (18, 181, 182) are arranged in a row , which runs obliquely to the longitudinal direction (L ₁ ) of the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12). Hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) of the plurality of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) are arranged in a plurality of blocks (24, 26) are, wherein all the recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) of a block (24, 26) of the plurality of blocks (24, 26) are arranged parallel to one another. Hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) according to Claim 5, characterized in that the plurality of blocks (24, 26) of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) are arranged in a herringbone pattern. Hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) of at least one first block (24) of the plurality of blocks (24, 26) differ from the recess arrangements (18 , 181, 182) of at least one second block (26) of the A plurality of blocks (24, 26) of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) are formed. Hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amount of the angle (a) of the first recess arrangements (181) to the longitudinal direction (L ₁ ) of the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) is between 10 ° and 30 °, preferably between 15 ° and 25 °, particularly preferably between 17 ° and 23 °. Hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amount of the angle (β) of the second recess arrangements (182) to the longitudinal direction (L ₁ ) of the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) is between 25 ° and 65 °, preferably between 30 ° and 60 °, particularly preferably between 42 ° and 48 °. Hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one recess (20, 201, 202) of the plurality of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) extends at least in sections by a predetermined amount (X ) extends parallel to the longitudinal direction (L ₁ ) of the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) and is thus set up to enable a predetermined horizontal stroke (H) of needles (8) of a needle board (6). Hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) according to claim 10, dependent on claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the at least one recess (20, 201, 202) has at least one width (B ₂ ), the amount of which is multiplied by the predetermined amount (X) with the sine of the angle (α, β) between the respective recess arrangement (18, 181, 182) and the longitudinal direction (L ₁ ) of the hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) results. Hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) according to claim 10, dependent on claim 4, characterized in that the at least one recess (20, 201, 202) has a length (A ₂ ), the amount of which is at least the predetermined amount (X) corresponds. Hold-down plate (10) or throat plate (12) according to one of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the predetermined amount (X) is between 2 and 12 mm, preferably between 4 and 8 mm. Needling machine (1) for needling a textile fabric (2), with: a needle board (6) which has a plurality of rows of needles, at least a part of which is arranged obliquely to a longitudinal direction (L ₁ ) of the needle board (6), which is a conveying direction (F) of the sheet-like structure (2) to be needled in the needle machine (1) corresponds to; and a hold-down plate (10) and / or a throat plate (12) according to one of claims 1 to 13. Needle machine (1) according to claim 14, characterized in that each recess arrangement (18, 181, 182) of the plurality of recess arrangements (18, 181, 182) is aligned with a row of needles of the plurality of rows of needles of the needle board (6) to enable that the at least one recess (20, 201, 202) of the respective recess arrangement (18, 181, 182) receives needles (8) of the row of needles.

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