[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

EP2465164A1 - Panel having electrically conductive structures - Google Patents

Panel having electrically conductive structures

Info

Publication number
EP2465164A1
EP2465164A1 EP10739601A EP10739601A EP2465164A1 EP 2465164 A1 EP2465164 A1 EP 2465164A1 EP 10739601 A EP10739601 A EP 10739601A EP 10739601 A EP10739601 A EP 10739601A EP 2465164 A1 EP2465164 A1 EP 2465164A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrically conductive
conductive structures
electrical conductor
layer
galvanic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10739601A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2465164B1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Droste
Bernhard Reul
Andreas Schlarb
Gunther Vortmeier
Christoph Degen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority to PL10739601T priority Critical patent/PL2465164T3/en
Publication of EP2465164A1 publication Critical patent/EP2465164A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2465164B1 publication Critical patent/EP2465164B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H01Q1/1278—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens in association with heating wires or layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/005—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
    • Y10T29/49155—Manufacturing circuit on or in base

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new disk with particular antenna and heating function, method for their preparation and their use.
  • a pane made of laminated glass which is provided with a broadcast antenna and window heating.
  • a heat conductor On the first and / or another surface of the laminated glass are parts of an antenna conductor.
  • the antenna conductors and the heating conductor are capacitively coupled.
  • the electrically conductive structures for capacitive coupling must each be directly opposite the individual heating elements on the glass surfaces. This results in particular restrictions in the arrangements of the antennas and heating elements on the glass surface.
  • the capacitive coupling is connected across the thickness of the glass plate of several millimeters with high signal losses.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an improved disk, which has an efficient and simple capacitive coupling of antenna and heating conductors and at the same time a high degree of freedom in the arrangement of antenna and heating conductors.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method for producing the new disc.
  • a construction of a pane with electrically conductive structures which comprises a pane with at least two electrically conductive structures which are galvanically separated from each other and which comprises an electrically conductive layer on at least one of the electrically conductive structures and an electrical conductor on the galvanic separation layer, the galvanic separating layer separates the electrical conductor of at least one of the electrically conductive structures.
  • the characteristic "electrically isolated” means that two electrically conductive structures have no electrical conductive connection and are decoupled for DC voltages.
  • a pane contains in particular slices of clear or colored soda lime glass.
  • the panes may be thermally or chemically hardened or laminated, in particular to comply with the uniform requirements for the approval of safety glazing materials and their installation in vehicles according to ECE-R 43: 2004.
  • the discs may also contain plastics such as polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate or polymethylmethacrylate.
  • the panes may have wholly or partially surface coatings with radiation-absorbing, reflective and / or low-emitting properties. If the pane is designed as a laminated glass pane, two soda lime glasses are preferably permanently connected to a plastic layer containing polyvinyl butyral.
  • the disc may have the usual size in the vehicle for windshields, side windows, roof windows or rear windows of motor vehicles, preferably from 100 cm 2 to 4 m 2 . Usual thicknesses of the discs are in the range of 1 mm to 6 mm.
  • the electrically conductive structures have different shapes. Washers with heating and / or antenna functions have at the same time macroscopic transparency preferably linear structures.
  • Electrically conductive structures with a heating function as a heating conductor are preferably designed from a number of lines running in parallel, which serve as busbars at least at the opposite edges of the disc are connected in parallel. When an electrical voltage is applied between the bus bars, Joule heat is generated on the disc surface. The elevated temperature of the disc prevents or removes moisture and icing on the disc surface.
  • the electrically conductive structure preferably extends linearly approximately over the entire disk surface. Electrically conductive structures with heating function may have different shapes, arrangements and interconnections and be designed, for example, round, spiral or meandering. The electrically conductive structures stretch in particular over the inner surfaces of vehicle glazing.
  • Electrically conductive structures with antenna function are preferably designed as a line antenna linear.
  • the length of the antenna conductor is determined by the antenna characteristic to be achieved.
  • Antenna conductors may be designed as open or closed-ended lines, or have different shapes, arrangements, and interconnections, and may be round, spiral, or meander, for example.
  • the antenna characteristic is determined by the frequencies received or to be transmitted.
  • the received and / or emitted electromagnetic radiation is preferably LF, MF, HF, VHF, UHF and / or SHF signals in the frequency range from 30 kHz to 10 GHz, particularly preferably radio signals, in particular VHF (30 MHz to 300 MHz, corresponding to a wavelength of 1 m to 10 m), shortwave (3 kHz to 30 MHz, corresponding to a wavelength of 10 m to 100 m) or medium wave (300 kHz to 3000 kHz, corresponding to a wavelength of 100 m to 1000 m), as well as signals of the toll collection, the mobile radio, digital radio, television signals or navigation signals.
  • the length of the electrically conductive structures with antenna function is preferably a multiple or a fraction of the wavelength of the frequencies to be transmitted, in particular half or a quarter of the wavelength.
  • the electrically conductive structures may be curved, meander-shaped or spiral-shaped.
  • Typical line widths of the electrically conductive structures according to the invention are 0.1 mm to 5 mm, typical widths of current busbars or Contact areas are 3 mm to 30 mm. Typical distances between the electrically conductive structures in the area of the capacitive coupling are between 1 mm and 20 mm.
  • the electrically conductive structures can be opaque in their own right, but in macroscopic view the disk appears transparent.
  • the electrically conductive structures may be metal wires, preferably a copper, tungsten, gold, silver or aluminum wire.
  • the wire may be equipped with an electrically insulating coating.
  • the electrically conductive structure can also be designed as a printed conductive layer.
  • the electrical conductivity is preferably realized via metal particles contained in the layer, particularly preferably via silver particles.
  • the metal particles may be in an organic and / or inorganic matrix, such as pastes or inks, preferably as fired screen printing paste with glass frits.
  • the heating conductors are connected in whole or in part via at least one capacitive coupling element to the antenna conductor.
  • the heating conductor thus becomes part of the antenna conductor for AC signals.
  • the heating conductor remains galvanically isolated from the antenna conductor.
  • antenna conductor and heating conductor spatially close together, preferably in parallel and particularly preferably with a distance of 0.5 mm to 10 mm.
  • the antenna conductor and the heating conductor can also intermesh in arbitrary form, such as, for example, in a comb-like or meandering manner.
  • the capacitive coupling is realized according to the invention by electrical conductors which bridge the electrically conductive structures spatially, but without producing a galvanic contact.
  • the galvanic isolation is realized via a galvanic separating layer between the electrically conductive structures and the electrical conductor in the coupling element.
  • an additional intermediate layer preferably in the form of a frame, is applied to the pane between the pane and the electrically conductive structures, preferably for decorative purposes.
  • the intermediate layer contains as black printing preferably glass frits and black pigments.
  • the capacitive coupling of at least one coupling element is realized.
  • the capacitive coupling of at least two coupling elements is realized, which are arranged spatially separated on the disc.
  • the capacitive coupling elements of the pane according to the invention cover partial areas of electrically conductive structures and extend over at least two partial areas of electrically conductive structures.
  • the coupling elements may be partially extended beyond the electrically conductive structures and glued directly to the pane. This allows a strong mechanical connection and reduces the adhesion requirements to the electrically conductive structures.
  • the coupling elements can also be aligned flush with the outer contour of the electrically conductive structures.
  • the advantage here is the reduced area and material requirements and improved appearance.
  • the coupling elements are preferably applied to the electrically conductive structures as film and / or printed layer systems.
  • the films can be self-adhesive.
  • the film and printed layer systems may have any outline, but in particular be adapted strip-shaped and / or flush to the outline of the electrically conductive structures.
  • the impedance of the coupling element is essentially determined by the capacitance between the electrical conductor of the coupling element and the electrically conductive structures.
  • the capacitance here is a function of the dielectric constant of the galvanic separation layer, the area of the coverings of the electrical conductor and the electrically conductive structures and the distances between the electrical conductor and the electrically conductive structures.
  • the highest possible capacity and thus the lowest possible impedance are obtained with the smallest possible distance, a large covered area and a high dielectric constant.
  • the capacity can be chosen so that by the coupling element interfering frequencies or frequencies that are not for the application be required, not transmitted and a high pass or low pass is obtained.
  • the galvanic separating layer comprises polyacrylate, cyanoacrylate, methyl methacrylate, silane and siloxane-crosslinking polymers, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polychloroprene, polyamide, acetate, silicone adhesive, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, Polyimides, polyethylene terephthalate and their copolymers and / or mixtures thereof.
  • the galvanic separation layer can be composed of several layers. Advantages of multiple layers are increased degrees of freedom in optimizing the mechanical and electrical properties of the release layer.
  • the galvanic separating layer contains a black printing with a high dielectric strength.
  • the release layers contain organic and inorganic constituents, in particular glass frits and color pigments.
  • the electrical conductor of the printed coupling element is preferably a conductive paste, a conductive adhesive, and more preferably a conductive primer included.
  • the electrical resistivity of the printed electrical conductors is less than 1 k ⁇ hm * cm, preferably less than 100 ohm * cm, and more preferably less than 10 ohm * cm.
  • the layer thickness of the galvanic separation layer is preferably 1 .mu.m to 200 .mu.m, and more preferably 5 .mu.m to 80 .mu.m.
  • the dielectric constant of the galvanic separating layer is preferably in the range of 1.5 to 10 and particularly preferably 2 to 6.
  • the dielectric strength for avoiding short circuits in the galvanic separating layer is preferably greater than 1 kV / mm and particularly preferably greater than 10 kV / mm.
  • the electrical conductor of the coupling element preferably contains conductive carbon, conjugated polymers, conductive primers, tungsten, copper, silver, gold, aluminum and / or mixtures thereof.
  • the coupling element has an additional protective layer on the electrical conductor comprising polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyimides, polyethylene terephthalates, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral and copolymers thereof and / or Mixtures of it, up.
  • the electrical conductor is protected by the protective layer of the environment.
  • the chemical and mechanical stability of the disc according to the invention with antenna function and in particular the coupling element are increased by the protective layer.
  • the object of the invention is further achieved by a method for producing a pane according to the invention with electrically conductive structures, wherein in a first step a pane is coated with at least two galvanically separated electrically conductive structures. In a second step, a galvanic separating layer is applied to at least one of the electrically conductive structures. In a third step, an electrical conductor is applied to the galvanic separating layer.
  • the galvanic separating layer and the electrical conductor are printed in at least one capacitive coupling element and particularly preferably in at least two capacitive coupling elements on at least one electrically conductive structure or glued as a film composite.
  • an additional intermediate layer is applied to the pane, preferably by screen printing, before the application of the electrically conductive structures.
  • the galvanic separating layer and the electrical conductor are bonded as a coupling element in a film composite on the electrically conductive structures.
  • the film composite is particularly preferably self-adhesive. Self-adhesive here means that the coupling element is permanently connected to the electrically conductive structures and / or the substrate glass via an adhesive effect of the galvanic separation layer.
  • the galvanic separation layer is printed on the electrically conductive structures by screen printing. The electrical conductor is then applied to the galvanic release layer, preferably by screen printing.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a disc according to the invention in the field of capacitive coupling
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view of an alternative embodiment of the disc according to the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view of an alternative embodiment of the disc according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 1 an alternative embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-section according to the invention in the area of the capacitive coupling of two electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) on a pane (1).
  • the galvanic separation layer (5) separates the electrical conductor (4) from the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b).
  • the electrical conductor (4) consisted of a 100 microns thick, electrically conductive primer layer and was applied with a width of 30 mm and a length of 100 mm on the galvanic separation layer (5) so that it covered the Strommasischienen the electrically conductive structures (2a) and (2b) over the entire width ,
  • a galvanic release layer (5) a 100 micron thick Emailtik was used with glass frits and black pigments, the permanent electrical connection of the electrical conductors (2a) and (2b) and the electrical conductor (4), without producing a direct electrical contact.
  • the galvanic separating layer (5) had a dielectric strength of at least 10 kV / mm.
  • the distance (D) between the electrical conductor (4) and the electrically conductive structure (2a, 2b) was about 70 ⁇ m.
  • the dielectric constant of the galvanic separation layer (5) was about 6.
  • a further improved capacitive coupling between the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) could be achieved.
  • the reception performance of the electrical structures (2a), (2b) as an antenna with simultaneously optimized heating properties could be improved.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further cross-section according to the invention in the region of the capacitive coupling element (3) of two electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b), the embodiment of FIG. 1 having been extended by an additional intermediate layer (7) for decorative purposes.
  • the intermediate layer (7) was applied frame-shaped on the disc (1) in the edge region and contained a 100 ⁇ m enamel print with glass frits and black pigments.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative cross-section according to the invention in the region of the capacitive coupling element (3) of two electrically conductive structures (2 a, 2 b).
  • the coupling element (3) contained an approximately 45 micron thick copper strip as an electrical conductor (4).
  • the width of the copper strip was 25 mm.
  • the electrical conductor (4) ended flush with the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) in width.
  • the distance (D) between the electrically conductive structures (2a) and (2b) and the electrical conductor (4) was about 60 microns.
  • the dielectric strength was at least 10kV / mm.
  • a protective layer (6) for the electrical conductor (4) against environmental influences and in particular moisture was on the electrical conductor (4) in addition to a About 0.1 ⁇ m thick polyethylene naphthalate layer is applied.
  • the width of the galvanic separation layer (5) and the protective layer (6) were 40 mm.
  • the protective layer (6) completely sheathed the electrical conductor (4) with the galvanic separating layer (5).
  • FIG. 4 shows a further construction according to the invention in the capacitive coupling element (3) of two electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) on a pane (1).
  • the galvanic separating layer (5) was constructed from two layers.
  • the lower separating layer (5-1) adjoining the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) contained a silicone adhesive having a layer thickness of 30 ⁇ m and a dielectric constant of 3.
  • the upper galvanic separating layer (5) adjoining the electrical conductor (4) 2) contained a polyacrylate adhesive having a dielectric constant of 4 and a layer thickness of 30 microns.
  • FIG. 5 shows an alternative construction in the area of the capacitive coupling of two electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) on a pane (1).
  • the electrical conductor (4) was galvanically connected to the electrically conductive structure (2b).
  • the electrical conductor (4) was galvanically isolated, so that overall the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) were furthermore galvanically separated from one another.
  • an improved capacitive coupling between the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) could be obtained.
  • the reception performance of the electrical structure (2a, 2b) as an antenna with simultaneously optimized heating properties over the prior art could be substantially improved.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of the invention in cross section.
  • the length and width of the coupling element (3) was exactly adapted to the outer contour of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) in the region of the coupling element (3).
  • the coupling element (3) has a width of 25 mm and could be flush with the outer contour of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b). With this configuration, a reduced material requirement and space requirements for the capacitive coupling could be achieved.
  • FIG 7 an embodiment of the invention is shown in plan view.
  • a first electrically conductive structure (2a) with heating and antenna function and a second electrically conductive structure (2b) with antenna function in the forms of a meander and a capacitive coupling element (3) was applied.
  • the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) were formed by a silver-containing screen printing with layer thicknesses of about 30 ⁇ m.
  • the line width of the screen printing was 0.5 mm.
  • the first electrically conductive structure (2a) contained parallel heating conductors with a line width of 0.5 mm, which were electrically connected in parallel in 10 mm wide bus bars.
  • the capacitive coupling to the electrically conductive structure (2b) of the antenna conductor has been established.
  • the signal was forwarded via an antenna connection (A) for further processing.
  • the width of the antenna conductor (2b) was 0.5 mm and in the region of the coupling element (3) 10 mm.
  • the coupling element (3) had a length of 100 mm and a width of 30 mm and covered the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) over a length of 100 mm.
  • the current busbars of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) were printed parallel to the edge of the disc (1) in the region of the coupling element (3).
  • the distance of the electrically conductive structures (2a) and (2b) in the region of the coupling element (3) was 5 mm. In terms of width, the coupling element projects beyond the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) by 2.5 mm on both sides.
  • FIG. 8 shows an alternative embodiment according to the invention of electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) and coupling elements which have been applied to a single-pane safety glass (1).
  • the first electrically conductive structure (2a) contained a meandering heating conductor with a line width of 0.5 mm and 10 mm wide contact areas at the ends.
  • a second electrically conductive structure (2b) contained two line-shaped conductors with a line width of 0.5 mm, which were capacitively coupled to an antenna conductor via two coupling elements (3) with the electrically conductive structure (2a).
  • At one end of the heating conductor (2a) was the signal for further processing in a receiving device via an antenna connection (A) forwarded.
  • the line widths of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) were 0.5 mm in the region of the coupling element.
  • the distance of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) was 5 mm.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment according to the invention of electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) and coupling elements which have been applied to single-pane safety glass (1).
  • the first electrically conductive structure (2a) contained parallel heating conductors with a line width of 0.5 mm, which were electrically connected in parallel in 10 mm wide bus bars.
  • a second electrically conductive structure (2b) also contained heating elements connected in parallel.
  • the structures were coupled on one side capacitively with a coupling element (3) via the extended current busbars of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b). At one end of the heating conductor (2b), the signal was forwarded via an antenna connection (A) for further processing.
  • the line widths of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) were 0.5 mm in the region of the coupling element (3).
  • the distance of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) was 5 mm.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 show in detail the method steps according to the invention for producing a pane (10) with electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) and coupling elements (3).
  • Embodiments of the invention described in FIGS. 1 to 9 have achieved an improved capacitive coupling between the electrically conductive structures (2 a) and (2 b) compared with the prior art.
  • the electrically conductive structures (2a) and (2b) were galvanically isolated with respect to the heating voltage (DC voltage) and capacitively coupled with respect to the antenna signals (high-frequency AC voltage).
  • the reception performance of the antenna with simultaneously optimized heating properties were improved significantly compared to the prior art.

Landscapes

  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Hall/Mr Elements (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Memories (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a panel having electrically conductive structures, comprising a panel (1) having at least two electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) galvanically separated from each other, a galvanic separating layer (5) at least on one of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b), and an electrical conductor (4) on the galvanic separating layer (5), wherein the galvanic separating layer (5) galvanically separates the electrical conductor (4) from at least one of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b). The invention further relates to a method for producing and to a novel use of the panel.

Description

Scheibe mit elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen  Disc with electrically conductive structures
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine neue Scheibe mit insbesondere Antennen- und Heizfunktion, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung. The present invention relates to a new disk with particular antenna and heating function, method for their preparation and their use.
Aus DE 39 10 031 A1 ist eine Scheibe aus Verbundglas bekannt, die mit einer Rundfunkantenne und Scheibenheizung versehen ist. Zur optimalen Ausnutzung der Fläche befindet sich auf einer ersten Oberfläche des Verbundglases ein Heizleiter. Auf der ersten und / oder einer weiteren Oberfläche des Verbundglases befinden sich Teile eines Antennenleiters. Durch die Nutzung mehrerer Oberflächen steht immer eine relativ große Fläche für die Antennen- und Heizfunktion zur Verfügung. Zur Verbesserung des Antennengewinns sind die Antennenleiter und der Heizleiter kapazitiv gekoppelt. From DE 39 10 031 A1 a pane made of laminated glass is known, which is provided with a broadcast antenna and window heating. For optimal utilization of the surface is located on a first surface of the laminated glass, a heat conductor. On the first and / or another surface of the laminated glass are parts of an antenna conductor. By using several surfaces, a relatively large area is always available for the antenna and heating function. To improve the antenna gain, the antenna conductors and the heating conductor are capacitively coupled.
Dabei müssen sich die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen zur kapazitiven Kopplung jeweils direkt gegenüber den einzelnen Heizelementen auf den Glasoberflächen befinden. Dadurch ergeben sich insbesondere Einschränkungen in den Anordnungen der Antennen und Heizelementen auf der Glasoberfläche. Die kapazitive Kopplung ist über die Dicke der Glasscheibe von mehreren Millimetern mit hohen Signalverlusten verbunden. In this case, the electrically conductive structures for capacitive coupling must each be directly opposite the individual heating elements on the glass surfaces. This results in particular restrictions in the arrangements of the antennas and heating elements on the glass surface. The capacitive coupling is connected across the thickness of the glass plate of several millimeters with high signal losses.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine verbesserte Scheibe bereitzustellen, die eine effiziente und einfache kapazitive Kopplung von Antennen- und Heizleitern und gleichzeitig einen hohen Freiheitsgrad in der Anordnung von Antennen- und Heizleitern aufweist. The present invention has for its object to provide an improved disk, which has an efficient and simple capacitive coupling of antenna and heating conductors and at the same time a high degree of freedom in the arrangement of antenna and heating conductors.
Außerdem liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der neuen Scheibe bereitzustellen. In addition, the present invention has for its object to provide a method for producing the new disc.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Patentansprüche 1 , 20 und 29 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind durch die Merkmale der Unteransprüche gegeben. Erfindungsgemäß ist ein Aufbau einer Scheibe mit elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen gezeigt, der eine Scheibe mit mindestens zwei galvanisch voneinander getrennte elektrisch leitfähige Strukturen, das mindestens auf einer der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen eine galvanische Trennschicht und auf der galvanischen Trennschicht einen elektrischen Leiter umfasst, wobei die galvanische Trennschicht den elektrischen Leiter von mindestens einer der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen trennt. The object of the invention is achieved with the features of the independent claims 1, 20 and 29. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are given by the features of the subclaims. According to the invention, a construction of a pane with electrically conductive structures is shown which comprises a pane with at least two electrically conductive structures which are galvanically separated from each other and which comprises an electrically conductive layer on at least one of the electrically conductive structures and an electrical conductor on the galvanic separation layer, the galvanic separating layer separates the electrical conductor of at least one of the electrically conductive structures.
Die Eigenschaft „galvanisch getrennt" bedeutet, dass zwei elektrisch leitfähige Strukturen keine elektrische leitfähige Verbindung aufweisen und für Gleichspannungen entkoppelt sind. The characteristic "electrically isolated" means that two electrically conductive structures have no electrical conductive connection and are decoupled for DC voltages.
Eine Scheibe enthält insbesondere Scheiben aus klarem oder gefärbtem Natron-Kalk- Glas. Die Scheiben können thermisch oder chemisch gehärtet sein oder als Verbundglas ausgeführt sein, insbesondere um die einheitlichen Vorschriften für die Genehmigung der Sicherheitsverglasungswerkstoffe und ihren Einbau in Fahrzeugen nach ECE-R 43: 2004 zu erfüllen. Die Scheiben können auch Kunststoffe wie Polystyrol, Polyamid, Polyester, Polyvinylchlorid, Polycarbonat oder Polymethylmethacrylat enthalten. Zur Einstellung der Energietransmission können die Scheiben ganz oder teilweise Oberflächenbeschichtungen mit Strahlung absorbierenden, reflektierenden und / oder niedrig emittierenden Eigenschaften aufweisen. Ist die Scheibe als Verbundglasscheibe ausgeführt, sind bevorzugt zwei Natron-Kalk-Gläser mit einer Polyvinylbutyral enthaltenden Kunststoffschicht dauerhaft verbunden. A pane contains in particular slices of clear or colored soda lime glass. The panes may be thermally or chemically hardened or laminated, in particular to comply with the uniform requirements for the approval of safety glazing materials and their installation in vehicles according to ECE-R 43: 2004. The discs may also contain plastics such as polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate or polymethylmethacrylate. To adjust the energy transmission, the panes may have wholly or partially surface coatings with radiation-absorbing, reflective and / or low-emitting properties. If the pane is designed as a laminated glass pane, two soda lime glasses are preferably permanently connected to a plastic layer containing polyvinyl butyral.
Die Scheibe kann die im Fahrzeugbau übliche Größe für Windschutzscheiben, Seitenscheiben, Dachscheiben oder Heckscheiben von Kraftfahrzeugen aufweisen, bevorzugt von 100 cm2 bis zu 4 m2. Übliche Dicken der Scheiben liegen im Bereich von 1 mm bis 6 mm. The disc may have the usual size in the vehicle for windshields, side windows, roof windows or rear windows of motor vehicles, preferably from 100 cm 2 to 4 m 2 . Usual thicknesses of the discs are in the range of 1 mm to 6 mm.
Die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen weisen unterschiedliche Formen auf. Scheiben mit Heiz- und / oder Antennenfunktionen weisen bei gleichzeitiger makroskopischer Transparenz bevorzugt linienförmige Strukturen auf. The electrically conductive structures have different shapes. Washers with heating and / or antenna functions have at the same time macroscopic transparency preferably linear structures.
Elektrisch leitfähige Strukturen mit Heizfunktion als Heizleiter sind bevorzugt aus einer Anzahl von parallel laufenden Linien ausgestaltet, die über Stromsammeischienen mindestens an den gegenüberliegenden Rändern der Scheibe parallel geschaltet sind. Bei Anlegen einer elektrischen Spannung zwischen den Stromsammeischienen wird Joulsche Wärme auf der Scheibenfläche erzeugt. Die erhöhte Temperatur der Scheibe verhindert oder entfernt Feuchtigkeit und Vereisung auf der Scheibenoberfläche. Die elektrisch leitfähige Struktur erstreckt sich bevorzugt linienförmig annährend über die ganze Scheibenfläche. Elektrisch leitfähige Strukturen mit Heizfunktion können unterschiedliche Formen, Anordnungen und Zwischenverbindungen aufweisen und beispielsweise rund, spiralförmig oder mäanderförmig ausgestaltet sein. Die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen dehnen sich insbesondere über die innen liegenden Oberflächen von Fahrzeugverglasungen. Electrically conductive structures with a heating function as a heating conductor are preferably designed from a number of lines running in parallel, which serve as busbars at least at the opposite edges of the disc are connected in parallel. When an electrical voltage is applied between the bus bars, Joule heat is generated on the disc surface. The elevated temperature of the disc prevents or removes moisture and icing on the disc surface. The electrically conductive structure preferably extends linearly approximately over the entire disk surface. Electrically conductive structures with heating function may have different shapes, arrangements and interconnections and be designed, for example, round, spiral or meandering. The electrically conductive structures stretch in particular over the inner surfaces of vehicle glazing.
Elektrisch leitfähige Strukturen mit Antennenfunktion sind als Antennenleiter bevorzugt linienförmig ausgestaltet. Die Länge der Antennenleiter wird durch die zu erzielende Antennencharakteristik bestimmt. Antennenleiter können als Linien mit offenem oder geschlossenem Ende ausgeführt sein, oder unterschiedliche Formen, Anordnungen und Zwischenverbindungen aufweisen und beispielsweise rund, spiralförmig oder mäanderförmig ausgestaltet sein. Electrically conductive structures with antenna function are preferably designed as a line antenna linear. The length of the antenna conductor is determined by the antenna characteristic to be achieved. Antenna conductors may be designed as open or closed-ended lines, or have different shapes, arrangements, and interconnections, and may be round, spiral, or meander, for example.
Die Antennencharakteristik wird durch die empfangenen oder zu sendenden Frequenzen bestimmt. Es handelt sich bei der empfangenen und / oder ausgesendeten elektromagnetischen Strahlung bevorzugt um LF-, MF-, HF-, VHF-, UHF- und / oder SHF-Signale im Frequenzbereich von 30 kHz bis 10 GHz, besonders bevorzugt um Radiosignale, insbesondere UKW (30 MHz bis 300 MHz, entsprechend einer Wellenlänge von 1 m bis 10 m), Kurzwelle (3 kHz bis 30 MHz, entsprechend einer Wellenlänge von 10 m bis 100 m) oder Mittelwelle (300 kHz bis 3000 kHz, entsprechend einer Wellenlänge von 100 m bis 1000 m), sowie Signale der Mauterfassung, des Mobilfunks, Digitalradios, Fernsehsignale oder Navigationssignale. Die Länge der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen mit Antennenfunktion beträgt bevorzugt ein Vielfaches oder einen Bruchteil der Wellenlänge der zu übertragenden Frequenzen, insbesondere die Hälfte oder ein Viertel der Wellenlänge. Zur besseren Ausnutzung der Scheibenoberfläche können die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen gekrümmt, mäanderförmig oder spiralförmig ausgestaltet sein. The antenna characteristic is determined by the frequencies received or to be transmitted. The received and / or emitted electromagnetic radiation is preferably LF, MF, HF, VHF, UHF and / or SHF signals in the frequency range from 30 kHz to 10 GHz, particularly preferably radio signals, in particular VHF (30 MHz to 300 MHz, corresponding to a wavelength of 1 m to 10 m), shortwave (3 kHz to 30 MHz, corresponding to a wavelength of 10 m to 100 m) or medium wave (300 kHz to 3000 kHz, corresponding to a wavelength of 100 m to 1000 m), as well as signals of the toll collection, the mobile radio, digital radio, television signals or navigation signals. The length of the electrically conductive structures with antenna function is preferably a multiple or a fraction of the wavelength of the frequencies to be transmitted, in particular half or a quarter of the wavelength. For better utilization of the disk surface, the electrically conductive structures may be curved, meander-shaped or spiral-shaped.
Typische Linienbreiten der erfindungsgemäßen elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen betragen 0,1 mm bis 5 mm, typische Breiten von Stromsammeischienen oder Kontaktbereichen betragen 3 mm bis 30 mm. Typische Abstände der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen im Bereich der kapazitiven Kopplung betragen zwischen 1 mm bis 20 mm. Die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen können für sich genommen opak sein, in der makroskopischen Betrachtung erscheint die Scheibe jedoch transparent. Typical line widths of the electrically conductive structures according to the invention are 0.1 mm to 5 mm, typical widths of current busbars or Contact areas are 3 mm to 30 mm. Typical distances between the electrically conductive structures in the area of the capacitive coupling are between 1 mm and 20 mm. The electrically conductive structures can be opaque in their own right, but in macroscopic view the disk appears transparent.
Die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen können Metall drahte sein, bevorzugt ein Kupfer-, Wolfram-, Gold-, Silber- oder Aluminiumdraht. Der Draht kann mit einer elektrisch isolierenden Beschichtung ausgerüstet sein. Die elektrisch leitfähige Struktur kann aber auch als aufgedruckte leitfähige Schicht ausgeführt sein. Die elektrische Leitfähigkeit wird bevorzugt über Metallpartikel, enthalten in der Schicht, besonders bevorzugt über Silberpartikel, realisiert. Die Metallpartikel können sich in einer organischen und / oder anorganischen Matrix, wie Pasten oder Tinten befinden, bevorzugt als gebrannte Siebdruckpaste mit Glasfritten. The electrically conductive structures may be metal wires, preferably a copper, tungsten, gold, silver or aluminum wire. The wire may be equipped with an electrically insulating coating. The electrically conductive structure can also be designed as a printed conductive layer. The electrical conductivity is preferably realized via metal particles contained in the layer, particularly preferably via silver particles. The metal particles may be in an organic and / or inorganic matrix, such as pastes or inks, preferably as fired screen printing paste with glass frits.
Zur Verbesserung der Antennencharakteristik und insbesondere zur Erhöhung der Länge der Antennenleiter werden die Heizleiter ganz oder teilsweise über mindestens ein kapazitives Koppelelement mit dem Antennenleiter verbunden. Der Heizleiter wird damit für Wechselspannungssignale ein Teil des Antennenleiters. Für Gleichspannungen zum Heizen der Scheibe bleibt der Heizleiter jedoch galvanisch von dem Antennenleiter getrennt. Im Bereich des Koppelelementes liegen bevorzugt Antennenleiter und Heizleiter räumlich dicht zusammen, bevorzugt parallel und besonders bevorzugt mit einem Abstand von 0,5 mm bis 10 mm. Der Antennenleiter und der Heizleiter können im Bereich der kapazitiven Kopplung auch in beliebiger Form wie beispielsweise kammartig oder mäanderartig ineinandergreifen. To improve the antenna characteristics and in particular to increase the length of the antenna conductors, the heating conductors are connected in whole or in part via at least one capacitive coupling element to the antenna conductor. The heating conductor thus becomes part of the antenna conductor for AC signals. However, for DC voltages for heating the disk, the heating conductor remains galvanically isolated from the antenna conductor. In the region of the coupling element are preferably antenna conductor and heating conductor spatially close together, preferably in parallel and particularly preferably with a distance of 0.5 mm to 10 mm. In the area of the capacitive coupling, the antenna conductor and the heating conductor can also intermesh in arbitrary form, such as, for example, in a comb-like or meandering manner.
Die kapazitive Kopplung wird erfindungsgemäß durch elektrische Leiter realisiert, die die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen räumlich überbrücken, ohne jedoch einen galvanischen Kontakt herzustellen. Die galvanische Trennung wird über eine galvanische Trennschicht zwischen den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen und dem elektrischen Leiter im Koppelelement realisiert. The capacitive coupling is realized according to the invention by electrical conductors which bridge the electrically conductive structures spatially, but without producing a galvanic contact. The galvanic isolation is realized via a galvanic separating layer between the electrically conductive structures and the electrical conductor in the coupling element.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist zwischen der Scheibe und den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen eine zusätzliche Zwischenschicht, bevorzugt zu Dekorzwecken rahmenförmig auf der Scheibe aufgebracht. Die Zwischenschicht enthält als Schwarzdruck bevorzugt Glasfritten und schwarze Pigmente. In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird die kapazitive Kopplung von mindestens einem Koppelelement realisiert. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, an additional intermediate layer, preferably in the form of a frame, is applied to the pane between the pane and the electrically conductive structures, preferably for decorative purposes. The intermediate layer contains as black printing preferably glass frits and black pigments. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the capacitive coupling of at least one coupling element is realized.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird die kapazitive Kopplung von mindestens zwei Koppelelementen realisiert, die räumlich getrennt auf der Scheibe angeordnet sind. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the capacitive coupling of at least two coupling elements is realized, which are arranged spatially separated on the disc.
Die kapazitiven Koppelelemente der erfindungsgemäßen Scheibe bedecken Teilbereiche von elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen und dehnen sich über mindestens zwei Teilbereiche von elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen aus. Die Koppelelemente können teilweise über die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen hinaus ausgedehnt sein und direkt mit der Scheibe verklebt sein. Dies erlaubt eine feste mechanische Verbindung und verringert die Haftungsanforderungen an die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen. The capacitive coupling elements of the pane according to the invention cover partial areas of electrically conductive structures and extend over at least two partial areas of electrically conductive structures. The coupling elements may be partially extended beyond the electrically conductive structures and glued directly to the pane. This allows a strong mechanical connection and reduces the adhesion requirements to the electrically conductive structures.
Die Koppelelemente können in einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung aber auch bündig dem äußeren Umriss der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen angepasst sein. Vorteilhaft ist dabei der verringerte Flächen- und Materialbedarf sowie eine verbesserte Optik. However, in one embodiment of the invention, the coupling elements can also be aligned flush with the outer contour of the electrically conductive structures. The advantage here is the reduced area and material requirements and improved appearance.
Die Koppelelemente werden bevorzugt als Folien- und / oder aufgedruckte Schichtsysteme auf die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen aufgetragen. Die Folien können insbesondere selbstklebend sein. Die Folien- und gedruckten Schichtsysteme können einen beliebigen Umriss haben, insbesondere aber streifenförmig und / oder bündig dem Umriss der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen angepasst sein. The coupling elements are preferably applied to the electrically conductive structures as film and / or printed layer systems. In particular, the films can be self-adhesive. The film and printed layer systems may have any outline, but in particular be adapted strip-shaped and / or flush to the outline of the electrically conductive structures.
Die Impedanz des Koppelelements wird wesentlich von der Kapazität zwischen dem elektrischem Leiter des Koppelelements und den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen bestimmt. Die Kapazität ist hier eine Funktion der Dielektrizitätskonstante der galvanischen Trennschicht, der Fläche der Überdeckungen vom elektrischen Leiter und den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen sowie den Abständen zwischen dem elektrischen Leiter und den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen. Eine möglichst hohe Kapazität und damit eine möglichst geringe Impedanz ergeben sich bei einem möglichst geringem Abstand, einer großen überdeckten Fläche und einer hohen Dielektrizitätskonstante. Die Kapazität kann so gewählt werden, dass durch das Koppelelement störende Frequenzen oder Frequenzen, die für die Anwendung nicht benötigt werden, nicht übertragen werden und ein Hochpass- oder Tiefpass erhalten wird. The impedance of the coupling element is essentially determined by the capacitance between the electrical conductor of the coupling element and the electrically conductive structures. The capacitance here is a function of the dielectric constant of the galvanic separation layer, the area of the coverings of the electrical conductor and the electrically conductive structures and the distances between the electrical conductor and the electrically conductive structures. The highest possible capacity and thus the lowest possible impedance are obtained with the smallest possible distance, a large covered area and a high dielectric constant. The capacity can be chosen so that by the coupling element interfering frequencies or frequencies that are not for the application be required, not transmitted and a high pass or low pass is obtained.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Scheibe enthält die galvanische Trennschicht Polyacrylat, Cyanacrylat, Methylmethacrylat, Silan und Siloxan-vernetzende Polymere, Epoxidharz, Polyurethan, Polychloropren, Polyamid, Acetat, Silikonkleber, Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polyvinylchlorid, Polyamid, Polycarbonat, Polyethylenterephthalat, Polyethylennaphthalat, Polyimide, Polyethylen Terephtalat sowie deren Copolymere und / oder Gemische davon. In a preferred embodiment of the pane according to the invention, the galvanic separating layer comprises polyacrylate, cyanoacrylate, methyl methacrylate, silane and siloxane-crosslinking polymers, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polychloroprene, polyamide, acetate, silicone adhesive, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, Polyimides, polyethylene terephthalate and their copolymers and / or mixtures thereof.
Die galvanische Trennschicht kann aus mehreren Schichten aufgebaut sein. Vorteile von mehreren Schichten sind erhöhte Freiheitsgrade bei der Optimierung der mechanischen und elektrischen Eigenschaften der Trennschicht. The galvanic separation layer can be composed of several layers. Advantages of multiple layers are increased degrees of freedom in optimizing the mechanical and electrical properties of the release layer.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Scheibe mit einem aufgedruckten Koppelelement enthält die galvanische Trennschicht einen Schwarzdruck mit einer hohen elektrischen Durchschlagfestigkeit. Die Trennschichten enthalten organische und anorganische Bestandteile, insbesondere Glasfritten und Farbpigmente. Im elektrischen Leiter des aufgedruckten Koppelelements ist bevorzugt eine leitfähige Paste, ein leitfähiger Kleber und besonders bevorzugt ein leitfähiger Primer enthalten. Der spezifische elektrische Widerstand der gedruckten elektrischen Leiter beträgt weniger als 1 kθhm*cm, bevorzugt weniger als 100 Ohm*cm und besonders bevorzugt weniger als 10 Ohm*cm. In a preferred embodiment of the pane according to the invention with a printed coupling element, the galvanic separating layer contains a black printing with a high dielectric strength. The release layers contain organic and inorganic constituents, in particular glass frits and color pigments. In the electrical conductor of the printed coupling element is preferably a conductive paste, a conductive adhesive, and more preferably a conductive primer included. The electrical resistivity of the printed electrical conductors is less than 1 kθhm * cm, preferably less than 100 ohm * cm, and more preferably less than 10 ohm * cm.
Die Schichtdicke der galvanischen Trennschicht beträgt bevorzugt 1 μm bis 200 μm und besonders bevorzugt 5 μm bis 80 μm. Die Dielektrizitätskonstante der galvanischen Trennschicht liegt bevorzugt im Bereich von 1 ,5 bis 10 und besonders bevorzugt von 2 bis 6. Die Durchschlagsfestigkeit zur Vermeidung von Kurzschlüssen in der galvanischen Trennschicht ist bevorzugt größer als 1 kV/mm und besonders bevorzugt größer als 10kV/mm. The layer thickness of the galvanic separation layer is preferably 1 .mu.m to 200 .mu.m, and more preferably 5 .mu.m to 80 .mu.m. The dielectric constant of the galvanic separating layer is preferably in the range of 1.5 to 10 and particularly preferably 2 to 6. The dielectric strength for avoiding short circuits in the galvanic separating layer is preferably greater than 1 kV / mm and particularly preferably greater than 10 kV / mm.
Der elektrische Leiter des Koppelelements enthält bevorzugt leitfähigen Kohlenstoff, konjugierte Polymere, leitfähigen Primer, Wolfram, Kupfer, Silber, Gold, Aluminium und / oder Gemische davon. In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist das Koppelelement eine zusätzliche Schutzschicht auf dem elektrischen Leiter auf, enthaltend Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polyvinylchlorid, Polymethylmethacrylat, Polyamid, Polycarbonat, Polyethylenterephthalat, Polyethylennaphthalat, Polyimide, Polyethylen Terephtalate, Ethylenvinylacetat, Polyvinylbutyral sowie deren Copolymere und / oder Gemische davon, auf. Der elektrische Leiter wird durch die Schutzschicht von der Umwelt geschützt. Die chemische und mechanische Stabilität der erfindungsgemäßen Scheibe mit Antennenfunktion und insbesondere das Koppelelement werden durch die Schutzschicht erhöht. The electrical conductor of the coupling element preferably contains conductive carbon, conjugated polymers, conductive primers, tungsten, copper, silver, gold, aluminum and / or mixtures thereof. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the coupling element has an additional protective layer on the electrical conductor comprising polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyimides, polyethylene terephthalates, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral and copolymers thereof and / or Mixtures of it, up. The electrical conductor is protected by the protective layer of the environment. The chemical and mechanical stability of the disc according to the invention with antenna function and in particular the coupling element are increased by the protective layer.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird weiter durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Scheibe mit elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen gelöst, wobei in einem ersten Schritt eine Scheibe mit mindestens zwei galvanisch voneinander getrennten elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen beschichtet wird. In einem zweiten Schritt wird mindestens auf eine der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen eine galvanische Trennschicht aufgebracht. In einem dritten Schritt wird auf der galvanischen Trennschicht ein elektrischer Leiter aufgebracht. The object of the invention is further achieved by a method for producing a pane according to the invention with electrically conductive structures, wherein in a first step a pane is coated with at least two galvanically separated electrically conductive structures. In a second step, a galvanic separating layer is applied to at least one of the electrically conductive structures. In a third step, an electrical conductor is applied to the galvanic separating layer.
In weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden die galvanische Trennschicht und der elektrische Leiter in mindestens einem kapazitiven Koppelelement und besonders bevorzugt in mindestens zwei kapazitiven Koppelelementen auf mindestens eine elektrisch leitfähige Struktur aufgedruckt oder als Folienverbund aufgeklebt. In further preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention, the galvanic separating layer and the electrical conductor are printed in at least one capacitive coupling element and particularly preferably in at least two capacitive coupling elements on at least one electrically conductive structure or glued as a film composite.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird vor dem Aufbringen der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen eine zusätzliche Zwischenschicht auf die Scheibe, bevorzugt im Siebdruckverfahren, aufgebracht. In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, an additional intermediate layer is applied to the pane, preferably by screen printing, before the application of the electrically conductive structures.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens werden die galvanische Trennschicht und der elektrische Leiter als Koppelelement in einem Folienverbund auf die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen aufgeklebt. Der Folienverbund ist besonders bevorzugt selbstklebend. Selbstklebend bedeutet hierbei, dass das Koppelelement über eine Klebewirkung der galvanischen Trennschicht dauerhaft mit den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen und / oder dem Substratglas verbunden ist. In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird die galvanische Trennschicht im Siebdruckverfahren auf die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen aufgedruckt. Der elektrische Leiter wird anschließend auf die galvanische Trennschicht aufgebracht, bevorzugt im Siebdruckverfahren. In a preferred embodiment of the method, the galvanic separating layer and the electrical conductor are bonded as a coupling element in a film composite on the electrically conductive structures. The film composite is particularly preferably self-adhesive. Self-adhesive here means that the coupling element is permanently connected to the electrically conductive structures and / or the substrate glass via an adhesive effect of the galvanic separation layer. In a further preferred embodiment of the method, the galvanic separation layer is printed on the electrically conductive structures by screen printing. The electrical conductor is then applied to the galvanic release layer, preferably by screen printing.
Die Erfindung wird anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert, wobei Bezug auf die beigefügten Figuren genommen wird. The invention will be explained in more detail by means of embodiments, reference being made to the attached figures.
Es zeigen: Show it:
Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Scheibe im Bereich der kapazitiven Kopplung, 1 shows a cross section through a disc according to the invention in the field of capacitive coupling,
Fig. 2 eine alternative Ausgestaltung im Querschnitt im Bereich der kapazitiven Kopplung,  2 shows an alternative embodiment in cross section in the area of the capacitive coupling,
Fig. 3 eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltung im Querschnitt im Bereich der kapazitiven Kopplung,  3 shows a further alternative embodiment in cross section in the area of the capacitive coupling,
Fig. 4 eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltung im Querschnitt im Bereich der kapazitiven Kopplung,  4 shows a further alternative embodiment in cross section in the area of the capacitive coupling,
Fig. 5 eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltung im Querschnitt im Bereich der kapazitiven Kopplung,  5 shows a further alternative embodiment in cross section in the area of the capacitive coupling,
Fig. 6 eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltung im Querschnitt im Bereich der kapazitiven Kopplung,  6 shows a further alternative embodiment in cross section in the area of the capacitive coupling,
Fig. 7 eine Draufsicht auf die erfindungsgemäße Scheibe,  7 is a plan view of the disc according to the invention,
Fig. 8 eine Draufsicht auf eine alternative Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Scheibe,  8 is a plan view of an alternative embodiment of the disc according to the invention,
Fig. 9 eine Draufsicht auf eine alternative Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Scheibe,  9 is a plan view of an alternative embodiment of the disc according to the invention,
Fig. 10 ein Ausführungsbeispiel von erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensschritten im Flussdiagramm und  10 shows an embodiment of method steps according to the invention in the flow chart and
Fig. 1 1 ein alternatives Ausführungsbeispiel von erfindungsgemäßen  Fig. 1 1 an alternative embodiment of the invention
Verfahrensschritten im Flussdiagramm.  Procedural steps in the flowchart.
Figur 1 zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Querschnitt im Bereich der kapazitiven Kopplung von zwei elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) auf einer Scheibe (1 ). Die galvanische Trennschicht (5) trennt den elektrischen Leiter (4) von den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b). Der elektrische Leiter (4) bestand aus einer 100 μm dicken, elektrisch leitfähigen Primerschicht und war mit einer Breite von 30 mm und einer Länge von 100 mm derart auf die galvanische Trennschicht (5) aufgebracht worden, dass er die Stromsammeischienen der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a) und (2b) über die gesamte Breite abdeckte. Als galvanische Trennschicht (5) wurde ein 100 μm dicker Emaildruck mit Glasfritten und schwarzen Pigmenten verwendet, der die elektrischen Leiter (2a) und (2b) und den elektrischen Leiter (4) dauerhaft verband, ohne einen direkten elektrischen Kontakt herzustellen. Die galvanische Trennschicht (5) wies eine Durchschlagfestigkeit von mindestens 10kV/mm auf. Der Abstand (D) zwischen dem elektrischen Leiter (4) und der elektrisch leitfähigen Struktur (2a, 2b) betrug etwa 70 μm. Die Dielektrizitätskonstante der galvanischen Trennschicht (5) betrug etwa 6. In dieser Ausgestaltung konnte eine weiter verbesserte kapazitive Kopplung zwischen den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) erzielt werden. Auf gleicher zur Verfügung stehender Fläche konnten die Empfangsleistungen der elektrischen Strukturen (2a), (2b) als Antenne bei gleichzeitig optimierten Heizeigenschaften verbessert werden. FIG. 1 shows a cross-section according to the invention in the area of the capacitive coupling of two electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) on a pane (1). The galvanic separation layer (5) separates the electrical conductor (4) from the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b). The electrical conductor (4) consisted of a 100 microns thick, electrically conductive primer layer and was applied with a width of 30 mm and a length of 100 mm on the galvanic separation layer (5) so that it covered the Strommasischienen the electrically conductive structures (2a) and (2b) over the entire width , As a galvanic release layer (5) a 100 micron thick Emaildruck was used with glass frits and black pigments, the permanent electrical connection of the electrical conductors (2a) and (2b) and the electrical conductor (4), without producing a direct electrical contact. The galvanic separating layer (5) had a dielectric strength of at least 10 kV / mm. The distance (D) between the electrical conductor (4) and the electrically conductive structure (2a, 2b) was about 70 μm. The dielectric constant of the galvanic separation layer (5) was about 6. In this embodiment, a further improved capacitive coupling between the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) could be achieved. On the same available area, the reception performance of the electrical structures (2a), (2b) as an antenna with simultaneously optimized heating properties could be improved.
Figur 2 zeigt einen weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Querschnitt im Bereich des kapazitiven Koppelelementes (3) von zwei elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) wobei die Ausgestaltung der Figur 1 um eine zusätzliche Zwischenschicht (7) zu Dekorzwecken erweitert wurde. Die Zwischenschicht (7) war im Randbereich rahmenförmig auf der Scheibe (1) aufgebracht und enthielt einen 100 μm Emaildruck mit Glasfritten und schwarzen Pigmenten. FIG. 2 shows a further cross-section according to the invention in the region of the capacitive coupling element (3) of two electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b), the embodiment of FIG. 1 having been extended by an additional intermediate layer (7) for decorative purposes. The intermediate layer (7) was applied frame-shaped on the disc (1) in the edge region and contained a 100 μm enamel print with glass frits and black pigments.
Figur 3 zeigt einen alternativen erfindungsgemäßen Querschnitt im Bereich des kapazitiven Koppelelementes (3) von zwei elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b). Das Koppelelement (3) enthielt einen etwa 45 μm dicken Kupferstreifen als elektrischen Leiter (4). Die Breite des Kupferstreifens betrug 25 mm. Der elektrische Leiter (4) schloss mit den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) in der Breite bündig ab. Als galvanische Trennschicht (5) zwischen dem elektrischen Leiter (4) und den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) wurde eine etwa 60 μm dicke Kleberschicht auf Silikonbasis mit einer Dielektrizitätskonstanten von 3 aufgebracht. Der Abstand (D) zwischen den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a) und (2b) und dem elektrischen Leiter (4) betrug etwa 60 μm. Die Durchschlagsfestigkeit betrug mindestens 10kV/mm. Als Schutzschicht (6) für den elektrischen Leiter (4) vor Umwelteinflüssen und insbesondere Feuchtigkeit wurde auf den elektrischen Leiter (4) zusätzlich eine etwal OO μm dicke Polyethylen-Naphthalat-Schicht aufgebracht. Die Breite der galvanischen Trennschicht (5) und der Schutzschicht (6) betrugen 40 mm. Die Schutzschicht (6) ummantelte mit der galvanischen Trennschicht (5) den elektrischen Leiter (4) vollständig. FIG. 3 shows an alternative cross-section according to the invention in the region of the capacitive coupling element (3) of two electrically conductive structures (2 a, 2 b). The coupling element (3) contained an approximately 45 micron thick copper strip as an electrical conductor (4). The width of the copper strip was 25 mm. The electrical conductor (4) ended flush with the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) in width. As a galvanic separating layer (5) between the electrical conductor (4) and the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b), an approximately 60 μm thick silicone-based adhesive layer with a dielectric constant of 3 was applied. The distance (D) between the electrically conductive structures (2a) and (2b) and the electrical conductor (4) was about 60 microns. The dielectric strength was at least 10kV / mm. As a protective layer (6) for the electrical conductor (4) against environmental influences and in particular moisture was on the electrical conductor (4) in addition to a About 0.1 μm thick polyethylene naphthalate layer is applied. The width of the galvanic separation layer (5) and the protective layer (6) were 40 mm. The protective layer (6) completely sheathed the electrical conductor (4) with the galvanic separating layer (5).
In Figur 4 ist ein weiterer erfindungsgemäßer Aufbau im kapazitiven Koppelelement (3) von zwei elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) auf einer Scheibe (1 ) gezeigt. Zur Verringerung der Anforderungen an die Zusammensetzung der Klebeschicht wurde die galvanische Trennschicht (5) aus zwei Schichten aufgebaut. Die an die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) angrenzende untere Trennschicht (5-1 ) enthielt einen Silikonkleber mit einer Schichtdicke von 30 μm und einer Dielektrizitätskonstanten von 3. Die obere, an den elektrischen Leiter (4) angrenzende galvanische Trennschicht (5- 2) enthielt einen Polyacrylatkleber mit einer Dielektrizitätskonstanten von 4 und einer Schichtdicke von 30 μm. Durch den Zweischichtenaufbau (5-1 ,5-2) konnte die Kapazität zwischen Koppelelement (3) und den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) bei gleichbleibendem Abstand (D) und vergleichbarer Klebewirkung gegenüber dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 3 erhöht werden. FIG. 4 shows a further construction according to the invention in the capacitive coupling element (3) of two electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) on a pane (1). In order to reduce the requirements for the composition of the adhesive layer, the galvanic separating layer (5) was constructed from two layers. The lower separating layer (5-1) adjoining the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) contained a silicone adhesive having a layer thickness of 30 μm and a dielectric constant of 3. The upper galvanic separating layer (5) adjoining the electrical conductor (4) 2) contained a polyacrylate adhesive having a dielectric constant of 4 and a layer thickness of 30 microns. By the two-layer structure (5-1, 5-2), the capacitance between the coupling element (3) and the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) at a constant distance (D) and comparable adhesive effect compared to the embodiment of Figure 3 could be increased.
In Figur 5 ist ein alternativer Aufbau im Bereich der kapazitiven Kopplung von zwei elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) auf einer Scheibe (1 ) gezeigt. Auf die elektrisch leitfähige Struktur (2b) war keine galvanische Trennschicht (5) aufgebracht. Der elektrische Leiter (4) war mit der elektrisch leitfähigen Struktur (2b) galvanisch verbunden. Von der weiteren elektrisch leitfähigen Struktur (2a) war der elektrische Leiter (4) galvanisch getrennt, sodass auch insgesamt die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) weiterhin galvanisch voneinander getrennt waren. In dieser Ausgestaltung konnte eine verbesserte kapazitive Kopplung zwischen den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) erhalten werden. Auf derselben Fläche konnten die Empfangsleistungen der elektrischen Struktur (2a, 2b) als Antenne bei gleichzeitig optimierten Heizeigenschaften gegenüber dem Stand der Technik wesentlich verbessert werden. FIG. 5 shows an alternative construction in the area of the capacitive coupling of two electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) on a pane (1). On the electrically conductive structure (2b) no galvanic separation layer (5) was applied. The electrical conductor (4) was galvanically connected to the electrically conductive structure (2b). Of the further electrically conductive structure (2a), the electrical conductor (4) was galvanically isolated, so that overall the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) were furthermore galvanically separated from one another. In this embodiment, an improved capacitive coupling between the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) could be obtained. On the same surface, the reception performance of the electrical structure (2a, 2b) as an antenna with simultaneously optimized heating properties over the prior art could be substantially improved.
Figur 6 zeigt eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung im Querschnitt. Die Länge und Breite des Koppelelements (3) war genau dem äußeren Umriss der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) im Bereich des Koppelelementes (3) angepasst. Im Ausführungsbeispiel wies das Koppelelement (3) eine Breite von 25 mm auf und konnte bündig mit dem äußeren Umriss der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) abschließen. Mit dieser Ausgestaltung konnte ein verringerter Materialbedarf und Platzbedarf für die kapazitive Kopplung erzielt werden. FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of the invention in cross section. The length and width of the coupling element (3) was exactly adapted to the outer contour of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) in the region of the coupling element (3). In the exemplary embodiment, the coupling element (3) has a width of 25 mm and could be flush with the outer contour of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b). With this configuration, a reduced material requirement and space requirements for the capacitive coupling could be achieved.
In Figur 7 ist ein erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel in Draufsicht gezeigt. Auf eine innere Oberfläche der Scheibe (1 ) wurde eine erste elektrisch leitfähige Struktur (2a) mit Heiz- und Antennenfunktion und eine zweite elektrisch leitfähige Struktur (2b) mit Antennenfunktion in den Formen eines Mäanders sowie ein kapazitives Koppelelement (3) aufgebracht. Die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) wurden von einem silberhaltigen Siebdruck mit Schichtdicken von etwa 30 μm gebildet. Die Linienbreite des Siebdrucks betrug 0,5 mm. Die erste elektrisch leitfähige Struktur (2a) enthielt parallel laufende Heizleiter mit einer Linienbreite von 0,5 mm, die in 10 mm breiten Stromsammeischienen elektrisch parallel geschaltet waren. In einem Randbereich der Struktur (2a) wurde die kapazitive Kopplung zur elektrisch leitfähigen Struktur (2b) des Antennenleiters hergestellt. An einem Ende des Antennenleiters (2b) wurde über einen Antennenschluss (A) das Signal zur weiteren Verarbeitung weitergeleitet. Die Breite des Antennenleiters (2b) betrug 0,5 mm und im Bereich des Koppelelementes (3) 10 mm. Das Koppelelement (3) hatte eine Länge von 100 mm und eine Breite von 30 mm und überdeckte die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) auf einer Länge von 100 mm. Die Stromsammeischienen der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) waren im Bereich des Koppelelementes (3) parallel laufend am Rand der Scheibe (1 ) aufgedruckt. Der Abstand der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a) und (2b) im Bereich des Koppelelementes (3) betrug 5 mm. In der Breite überragte das Koppelelement die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) beidseitig um jeweils 2,5 mm. In Figure 7, an embodiment of the invention is shown in plan view. On an inner surface of the disc (1), a first electrically conductive structure (2a) with heating and antenna function and a second electrically conductive structure (2b) with antenna function in the forms of a meander and a capacitive coupling element (3) was applied. The electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) were formed by a silver-containing screen printing with layer thicknesses of about 30 μm. The line width of the screen printing was 0.5 mm. The first electrically conductive structure (2a) contained parallel heating conductors with a line width of 0.5 mm, which were electrically connected in parallel in 10 mm wide bus bars. In an edge region of the structure (2a), the capacitive coupling to the electrically conductive structure (2b) of the antenna conductor has been established. At one end of the antenna conductor (2b), the signal was forwarded via an antenna connection (A) for further processing. The width of the antenna conductor (2b) was 0.5 mm and in the region of the coupling element (3) 10 mm. The coupling element (3) had a length of 100 mm and a width of 30 mm and covered the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) over a length of 100 mm. The current busbars of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) were printed parallel to the edge of the disc (1) in the region of the coupling element (3). The distance of the electrically conductive structures (2a) and (2b) in the region of the coupling element (3) was 5 mm. In terms of width, the coupling element projects beyond the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) by 2.5 mm on both sides.
Figur 8 zeigt eine alternative erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung von elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) und Koppelelementen, die auf ein Einscheiben- Sicherheitsglas (1) aufgebracht wurden. Die erste elektrisch leitfähige Struktur (2a) enthielt einen mäanderförmigen Heizleiter mit einer Linienbreite von 0,5 mm und 10 mm breiten Kontaktbereichen an den Enden. Eine zweite elektrisch leitfähige Struktur (2b) enthielt zwei linienförmige Leiter mit einer Linienbreite von 0,5 mm, die über zwei Koppelemente (3) mit der elektrisch leitfähigen Struktur (2a) zu einem Antennenleiter kapazitiv gekoppelt waren. An einem Ende des Heizleiters (2a) wurde über einen Antennenanschluss (A) das Signal zur weiteren Verarbeitung in ein Empfangsgerät weitergeleitet. Die Linienbreiten der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) betrugen im Bereich des Koppelelements 0,5 mm. Der Abstand der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) betrug 5 mm. FIG. 8 shows an alternative embodiment according to the invention of electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) and coupling elements which have been applied to a single-pane safety glass (1). The first electrically conductive structure (2a) contained a meandering heating conductor with a line width of 0.5 mm and 10 mm wide contact areas at the ends. A second electrically conductive structure (2b) contained two line-shaped conductors with a line width of 0.5 mm, which were capacitively coupled to an antenna conductor via two coupling elements (3) with the electrically conductive structure (2a). At one end of the heating conductor (2a) was the signal for further processing in a receiving device via an antenna connection (A) forwarded. The line widths of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) were 0.5 mm in the region of the coupling element. The distance of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) was 5 mm.
Figur 9 zeigt eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung von elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) und Koppelelementen, die auf Einscheiben-Sicherheitsglas (1) aufgebracht wurden. Die erste elektrisch leitfähige Struktur (2a) enthielt parallel laufende Heizleiter mit einer Linienbreite von 0,5 mm, die in 10 mm breiten Stromsammeischienen elektrisch parallel geschaltet waren. Eine zweite elektrisch leitfähige Struktur (2b) enthielt auch parallel geschaltete Heizleiter. Über die verlängerten Stromsammeischienen der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) wurden die Strukturen einseitig kapazitiv mit einem Koppelelement (3) gekoppelt. An einem Ende des Heizleiters (2b) wurde über einen Antennenschluss (A) das Signal zur weiteren Verarbeitung weitergeleitet. Die Linienbreiten der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) betrugen im Bereich des Koppelelements (3) 0,5 mm. Der Abstand der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) betrug 5 mm. FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment according to the invention of electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) and coupling elements which have been applied to single-pane safety glass (1). The first electrically conductive structure (2a) contained parallel heating conductors with a line width of 0.5 mm, which were electrically connected in parallel in 10 mm wide bus bars. A second electrically conductive structure (2b) also contained heating elements connected in parallel. The structures were coupled on one side capacitively with a coupling element (3) via the extended current busbars of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b). At one end of the heating conductor (2b), the signal was forwarded via an antenna connection (A) for further processing. The line widths of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) were 0.5 mm in the region of the coupling element (3). The distance of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) was 5 mm.
Die Figuren 10 und 11 zeigen detailliert die erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensschritte zur Herstellung einer Scheibe (10) mit elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) und Koppelelementen (3). FIGS. 10 and 11 show in detail the method steps according to the invention for producing a pane (10) with electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) and coupling elements (3).
In den Figuren 1 bis 9 beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung wurde eine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbesserte kapazitive Kopplung zwischen den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a) und (2b) erzielt. Über kapazitive Koppelelemente (3) waren die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a) und (2b) hinsichtlich der Heizspannung (Gleichspannung) galvanisch getrennt und hinsichtlich der Antennensignale (hochfrequente Wechselspannung) kapazitiv gekoppelt. Auf einer Oberfläche der Scheibe wurden die Empfangsleistungen der Antenne bei gleichzeitig optimierten Heizeigenschaften deutlich gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbessert. Bezugszeichen: Embodiments of the invention described in FIGS. 1 to 9 have achieved an improved capacitive coupling between the electrically conductive structures (2 a) and (2 b) compared with the prior art. By means of capacitive coupling elements (3), the electrically conductive structures (2a) and (2b) were galvanically isolated with respect to the heating voltage (DC voltage) and capacitively coupled with respect to the antenna signals (high-frequency AC voltage). On one surface of the disk, the reception performance of the antenna with simultaneously optimized heating properties were improved significantly compared to the prior art. REFERENCE NUMBERS
(1) Scheibe, (1) disc,
(2a), (2b) Elektrisch leitfähige Struktur, (2a), (2b) Electrically conductive structure,
(3) Kapazitives Koppelelement, (3) capacitive coupling element,
(4) Elektrischer Leiter, (4) electrical conductor,
(5), (5-1), (5-2) Galvanische Trennschicht, (5), (5-1), (5-2) Galvanic separation layer,
(6) Schutzschicht, (6) protective layer,
(7) Zwischenschicht, (7) interlayer,
(A) Anschlusspunkt für Empfangsgerät, (A) connection point for receiving device,
(D) Abstand zwischen dem elektrischen Leiter und der elektrisch leitfähigen Struktur. (D) Distance between the electrical conductor and the electrically conductive structure.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Scheibe mit elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen, umfassend 1. disk with electrically conductive structures, comprising
eine Scheibe (1) mit mindestens zwei galvanisch voneinander getrennten elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b),  a disk (1) having at least two electrically isolated structures (2a, 2b) which are galvanically separated from one another,
mindestens auf einer der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) eine galvanische Trennschicht (5) und  at least on one of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) a galvanic separating layer (5) and
auf der galvanischen Trennschicht (5) einen elektrischen Leiter (4), wobei die galvanische Trennschicht (5) den elektrischen Leiter (4) von mindestens einer der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) galvanisch trennt.  on the galvanic separating layer (5) an electrical conductor (4), wherein the galvanic separating layer (5) electrically isolates the electrical conductor (4) from at least one of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b).
2. Scheibe nach Anspruch 1 , wobei der elektrische Leiter (4) durch die galvanische Trennschicht (5) von den elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) galvanisch getrennt ist. 2. Disc according to claim 1, wherein the electrical conductor (4) by the galvanic separation layer (5) of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) is electrically isolated.
3. Scheibe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei der elektrische Leiter (4) und die galvanische Trennschicht (5) ein kapazitives Koppelelement (3) zwischen elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) ist. 3. Disc according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrical conductor (4) and the galvanic separating layer (5) is a capacitive coupling element (3) between electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b).
4. Scheibe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei auf mindestens einer elektrisch leitfähigen Struktur (2a, 2b) mindestens ein kapazitives Koppelelement (3) aufgebracht ist. 4. Disc according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein on at least one electrically conductive structure (2a, 2b) at least one capacitive coupling element (3) is applied.
5. Scheibe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die galvanische Trennschicht (5) eine Dielektrizitätskonstante von 2 bis 6 aufweist. 5. Disc according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the galvanic separating layer (5) has a dielectric constant of 2 to 6.
6. Scheibe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 wobei die galvanische Trennschicht (5) mindestens zwei Schichten (5-1 , 5-2) enthält. 6. Disc according to one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the galvanic separating layer (5) at least two layers (5-1, 5-2).
7. Scheibe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei der elektrische Leiter (4) eine Schichtdicke von 10 μm bis 200 μm aufweist. 7. Disc according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the electrical conductor (4) has a layer thickness of 10 .mu.m to 200 .mu.m.
8. Scheibe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) im Bereich des kapazitiven Koppelelementes als Kamm ausgebildet sind oder als Mäander ineinandergreifen. 8. Disc according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) are formed in the region of the capacitive coupling element as a comb or mesh with each other as a meander.
9. Scheibe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei die elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) eine Schichtdicke von 10 μm bis 100 μm aufweisen. 9. Disc according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) have a layer thickness of 10 .mu.m to 100 .mu.m.
10. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Scheibe mit elektrisch leitfähigen Schichten, wobei, 10. Method for producing a pane with electrically conductive layers, wherein
a. eine Scheibe (1) mit mindestens zwei galvanisch voneinander getrennten elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) beschichtet wird, b. mindestens auf eine der elektrisch leitfähigen Strukturen (2a, 2b) mindestens eine galvanische Trennschicht (5) aufgebracht wird und c. auf der galvanischen Trennschicht (5) mindestens ein elektrischer Leiter (4) aufgebracht wird.  a. a disc (1) is coated with at least two electrically conductively separated structures (2a, 2b), b. at least one of the electrically conductive structures (2a, 2b) at least one galvanic separation layer (5) is applied and c. on the galvanic separation layer (5) at least one electrical conductor (4) is applied.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, wobei zusätzlich auf die Scheibe (1) eine Zwischenschicht (7) aufgebracht wird. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein in addition to the disc (1) an intermediate layer (7) is applied.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10 oder 1 1 , wobei die galvanische Trennschicht (5) und der elektrische Leiter (4) in einem kapazitiven Koppelelement (3) auf mindestens eine elektrisch leitfähige Struktur (2a, 2b) aufgebracht werden. 12. The method of claim 10 or 1 1, wherein the galvanic separating layer (5) and the electrical conductor (4) in a capacitive coupling element (3) on at least one electrically conductive structure (2a, 2b) are applied.
13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, wobei mindestens ein kapazitives Koppelelement (3) im Folienverbund auf mindestens eine elektrisch leitfähige Struktur (2a, 2b) aufgeklebt wird. 13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein at least one capacitive coupling element (3) in the film composite is adhered to at least one electrically conductive structure (2a, 2b).
14. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13, wobei die galvanische Trennschicht (5) und / oder der elektrische Leiter (4) im Siebdruck, Hochdruck, Tiefdruck, Flexodruck oder durch Rakeln aufgebracht werden. 14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the galvanic separating layer (5) and / or the electrical conductor (4) are applied by screen printing, high pressure, gravure printing, flexographic printing or by doctoring.
15. Verwendung einer Scheibe mit Antennenfunktion nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 als Kraftfahrzeug-Fahrzeugscheibe mit Antennen und Heizfunktion. 15. Use of a disc with antenna function according to one of claims 1 to 9 as a motor vehicle vehicle window with antennas and heating function.
EP10739601.2A 2009-08-14 2010-07-30 Panel having electrically conductive structures Active EP2465164B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10739601T PL2465164T3 (en) 2009-08-14 2010-07-30 Panel having electrically conductive structures

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009026378A DE102009026378A1 (en) 2009-08-14 2009-08-14 Disc with electrically conductive structures
PCT/EP2010/061105 WO2011018361A1 (en) 2009-08-14 2010-07-30 Panel having electrically conductive structures

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2465164A1 true EP2465164A1 (en) 2012-06-20
EP2465164B1 EP2465164B1 (en) 2020-01-01

Family

ID=42629448

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10739601.2A Active EP2465164B1 (en) 2009-08-14 2010-07-30 Panel having electrically conductive structures

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US9196949B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2465164B1 (en)
JP (2) JP2013502122A (en)
KR (2) KR101744467B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102473995B (en)
BR (1) BR112012002988B1 (en)
DE (2) DE102009026378A1 (en)
EA (1) EA026919B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2773013T3 (en)
PL (1) PL2465164T3 (en)
PT (1) PT2465164T (en)
WO (1) WO2011018361A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012010658A1 (en) 2012-05-30 2012-12-13 Daimler Ag Vehicle has vehicle antenna and electrical ground that are electrically connected with vehicle capacitive component, and ground structure that is connected with electrical ground
KR101821465B1 (en) * 2012-11-21 2018-01-23 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스 Disk comprising electric connecting element and connecting bridge
GB201309549D0 (en) 2013-05-29 2013-07-10 Pilkington Group Ltd Glazing
JP5979085B2 (en) * 2013-06-06 2016-08-24 株式会社豊田自動織機 WIRING MEMBER FOR WINDOW AND VEHICLE WINDOW HAVING THE SAME
DE102014116283B4 (en) 2014-11-07 2016-05-19 Webasto SE Method for processing a first component and a second component and device
DE102015119252B4 (en) * 2015-11-09 2024-02-01 Webasto SE Device for a heater for a vehicle
JP6743486B2 (en) * 2016-05-24 2020-08-19 Ａｇｃ株式会社 Vehicle window glass
JP7292616B2 (en) * 2018-06-05 2023-06-19 Ａｇｃ株式会社 Vehicle window glass with terminals
US11387541B2 (en) * 2019-03-18 2022-07-12 Ask Industries Societa' Per Azioni Manufacturing method of a rear window for vehicles provided with a heater-integrated antenna
US11889596B2 (en) * 2020-07-30 2024-01-30 Min Hsiang Corporation Electrical connecting portion for a device with a heating function
CA3212838C (en) 2021-08-30 2024-03-12 Anton YERKEYEV Busbar anchoring system and method for pdlc films

Family Cites Families (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH066582Y2 (en) * 1988-03-31 1994-02-16 日本板硝子株式会社 Car window glass antenna
DE3910031A1 (en) 1988-03-31 1989-10-19 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Vehicle window antenna
DE3914424A1 (en) * 1989-05-01 1990-12-13 Lindenmeier Heinz ANTENNA WITH VERTICAL STRUCTURE FOR TRAINING AN EXTENDED AREA CAPACITY
JPH0543608U (en) * 1991-11-05 1993-06-11 日本板硝子株式会社 Window glass antenna device
JPH08186404A (en) * 1994-12-27 1996-07-16 Kyocera Corp Dielectric filter
US5670966A (en) * 1994-12-27 1997-09-23 Ppg Industries, Inc. Glass antenna for vehicle window
JP2000022420A (en) * 1998-06-30 2000-01-21 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Glass antenna device for automobile
JP2002204116A (en) * 2000-06-22 2002-07-19 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Automobile glass antenna
TW508865B (en) * 2000-06-22 2002-11-01 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Glass antenna for an automobile
JP2004015534A (en) * 2002-06-07 2004-01-15 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Crosstalk suppression member and digital signal transmission line
JP2004193680A (en) 2002-12-06 2004-07-08 Fujitsu Ten Ltd On-vehicle antenna and diversity receiver
US20080089012A1 (en) * 2004-12-21 2008-04-17 Teijin Limited Electric Double Layer Capacitor
DE102005039914A1 (en) 2005-08-24 2007-03-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Multi-range antenna array
US8634988B2 (en) * 2006-01-10 2014-01-21 Guardian Industries Corp. Time, space, and/or wavelength multiplexed capacitive light sensor, and related methods
JP2008054032A (en) * 2006-08-24 2008-03-06 Fujitsu Ten Ltd Antenna device
JP4888126B2 (en) 2007-01-12 2012-02-29 マツダ株式会社 AM / FM receiving antenna
US7463210B2 (en) * 2007-04-05 2008-12-09 Harris Corporation Phased array antenna formed as coupled dipole array segments
WO2008136244A1 (en) * 2007-05-02 2008-11-13 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Antenna structure and wireless communication apparatus comprising the same
CN201174421Y (en) 2008-03-17 2008-12-31 蒋小平 Printed antenna on rear window glass of vehicle
CN101345334B (en) 2008-08-25 2012-09-05 蒋小平 Printing antenna system of vehicle rear window glass

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2011018361A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009026378A1 (en) 2011-02-17
JP2015173447A (en) 2015-10-01
BR112012002988B1 (en) 2021-08-17
EP2465164B1 (en) 2020-01-01
PL2465164T3 (en) 2020-06-01
JP6007272B2 (en) 2016-10-12
WO2011018361A1 (en) 2011-02-17
US20120086614A1 (en) 2012-04-12
KR20160128421A (en) 2016-11-07
JP2013502122A (en) 2013-01-17
EA201270276A1 (en) 2012-07-30
US9196949B2 (en) 2015-11-24
KR101744467B1 (en) 2017-06-07
CN102473995B (en) 2017-03-22
KR20120042970A (en) 2012-05-03
PT2465164T (en) 2020-02-04
BR112012002988A2 (en) 2016-04-19
ES2773013T3 (en) 2020-07-09
CN102473995A (en) 2012-05-23
DE202009018455U1 (en) 2011-12-06
EA026919B1 (en) 2017-05-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2465164B1 (en) Panel having electrically conductive structures
EP2695233B1 (en) Flat-conductor connection element for an antenna structure
DE69932930T2 (en) WINDOW ANTENNA
DE69503595T2 (en) Glass antenna for vehicle window
DE69307365T2 (en) Transparent glass antenna
DE19832228C2 (en) Antenna disc for motor vehicles
EP3235339B1 (en) Electrically heatable antenna disc and method for producing same
EP2580807B1 (en) Antenna structure with improved signal/noise ratio
EP3281247A1 (en) Vehicle window aerial pane
EP3189706B1 (en) Pane with electric heating area
EP2936925A1 (en) Pane having an electric heating layer
EP2380234A1 (en) Transparent, flat antenna, suitable for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves, method for the production thereof, and use thereof
EP3132656B2 (en) Transparent disc with thermal coating
EP2795720B1 (en) Compound glazing with antenna structure and integrated button
DE112014006587T5 (en) Windshield antenna
EP2572403B1 (en) Antenna with optimised bandwidth with optimised construction of surface and line transmitter
WO2020201170A1 (en) Windscreen antenna
DE4237818C3 (en) Window antenna for motor vehicles
DE202018006266U1 (en) Vehicle window with a transponder

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20111212

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK SM TR

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: DEGEN, CHRISTOPH

Inventor name: VORTMEIER, GUNTHER

Inventor name: REUL, BERNHARD

Inventor name: DROSTE, STEFAN

Inventor name: SCHLARB, ANDREAS

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20180515

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20190924

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1220949

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20200115

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502010016435

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: SC4A

Ref document number: 2465164

Country of ref document: PT

Date of ref document: 20200204

Kind code of ref document: T

Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION

Effective date: 20200128

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: RO

Ref legal event code: EPE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

RAP2 Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred)

Owner name: SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS FRANCE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: T3

Ref document number: E 34124

Country of ref document: SK

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2773013

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20200709

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200101

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200401

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200501

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200401

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200402

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200101

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200101

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502010016435

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200101

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200101

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200101

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20201002

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200101

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200101

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: EUG

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200731

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20210430

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20210610

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: SK

Payment date: 20210615

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: RO

Payment date: 20210630

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200730

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20210615

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20210716

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20210617

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 1220949

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20200730

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200730

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20210712

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: CZ

Payment date: 20210715

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20210803

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20210729

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200101

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200101

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200101

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20220801

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20220731

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: MM4A

Ref document number: E 34124

Country of ref document: SK

Effective date: 20220730

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220730

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220730

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220730

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220730

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220801

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220730

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20230901

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220731

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 502010016435

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: OBERMAIR, CHRISTIAN, DR. RER. NAT., DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220730

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20240606

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20240611

Year of fee payment: 15

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20220730

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240604

Year of fee payment: 15