EP1408161B1 - Concrete building block for retaining walls with geogrid retention - Google Patents

Abstract

A concrete block for building retaining earth walls has a rectangular trough shape and is attached to a section of plastic mesh which is laid out on the inside of the earth wall and secured by backfill. The mesh is incorporated into the mould of the block to be anchored into the concrete. The concrete shape is strengthened by steel reinforcing, with the hollow inside formed by a light foam plastic insert.

Description

The invention relates to a stackable precast concrete, in particular for the production of retaining walls and noise barriers of individual elements.

The invention is preferably used for constructing reasonable and steeper and / or high retaining walls or noise barriers of individual elements.

In the prior art, in addition to various slope protection systems and retaining wall systems various stackable precast concrete parts for the production of retaining walls of individual elements are known.

To DE 81 19 371 U1 . DE 88 11 825 U1 . DE 38 37 243 A1 and AT 004 473 U1 are stackable elements for retaining wall systems are known in which each superposed elements are connected together to increase the stability of these retaining walls.

To AT 004 473 U1 a component for the construction of supporting wall elements is known in which at a cuboidal base element at least at one Part of its boundary surfaces one or more than a groove is arranged, said groove (s) for the positive connection of adjoining basic elements a strip-shaped spring is used as a connecting element.

To DE 38 372 43 A1 is known a molded block with an endlessly formed side wall and an upper and lower opening for receiving soil or the like for the production of a juxtaposed and stacked molded blocks wall, wherein the side wall a wall outside and inside area and two connecting them together Transverse walls, in which in the upper Stimendbereich each transverse wall projecting from the plane of the end face fixing lug and on the inside of each transverse wall is provided from this inwardly projecting and flush with the lower edge of the transverse wall retaining strip.

To DE 88 11 825 U1 a support wall is known, which comprises a substantially plate-shaped base member which has a parallel to a side edge extending rib, wherein a substantially cuboid connecting element, which is provided with a matching rib to a left groove, is arranged.

A disadvantage of the aforementioned arrangements that these known systems are not suitable for the production of relatively high or steep retaining walls, since these systems act on the principle of a non-back anchored and unreinforced heavyweight wall.

In addition, arrangements for the preparation of supporting structures and steep slopes with plastic-proven earth are known that come close in appearance to a greened retaining wall.

To DE 200 11 791.2 U1 is an arrangement for the construction of supporting structures and steep slopes with plastic-proven earth and permanent greening known in which the geographic area of the embankment is composed of horizontal layers, between which Geokunststoftbewehrungen are arranged in which serving as a lost formwork angled reinforcing mats are arranged and in which are arranged to fix the lost formwork between leg surfaces of the angled reinforcing mats spacers. The arrangement of back-anchored geotextiles results in a good stability and a very good reasonability for these slopes.

A disadvantage is that in order to avoid adverse effects on the carrying capacity by erosion a greening is indispensable.

In addition, it is known to build support walls made of stackable precast elements and loosely lay geotextiles in the bearing joints of each stacked stones geo-textiles and anchor on the ground side.

The disadvantage here is that a tensile force from the geotextiles in the stackable blocks only by friction is only possible if the support wall formed from the stackable precast parts is exposed to a sufficiently high vertical force. However, this is usually not the case.

From the US 2003/0118410 A1 or even out US 6336773B1 is known a stackable precast concrete, in which the finished part is separately connectable to a geogrid. The disadvantage here is that geogrids and finished part must be connected to each other by means of separate rods.

Such a finished part corresponds to the preamble of claim 1 also shows US-5156494A ,

The invention has for its object to provide a stackable precast concrete for the production of supporting walls of individual elements, which is easy to produce and even with low weight allows the production of retaining walls with high stability even without ballast and without complex additional separate back anchoring.

According to the invention the object is achieved with an arrangement having the feature combination specified in claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

The arrangement according to the invention is particularly suitable for the production of supporting walls from individual elements. It contains a stackable prefabricated concrete part, in which a geogrid is connected to the stackable finished part, wherein the geogrid is embedded in the finished part, and the geogrid is anchored in an earth body. in the finished part, a body made of lightweight material is arranged, which extends to at least one side of the finished part and is removable. It is also possible that the finished part is connected to a geogrid, which is connectable to another geogrid and that the other geogrid is anchored in an earth body.

By this arrangement, it is possible to build a retaining wall, in which each individual element can be anchored back, the anchoring length and the type of geosynthetics used for anchoring is basically arbitrary and can be determined by respective static calculation. The dimensions of the geogrids are variable according to the static requirements. It is particularly advantageous to embed the geogrid directly into the precast concrete element; This ensures secure anchoring and load transfer into the finished part. By arranging geogrids which can be coupled to one another, it is possible to prevent mutual shifting of individual molded blocks without, however, consuming them in a complex manner. The geogrid is preferably made of plastic. It may be advantageously embedded in the finished part.

The arrangement of recesses in cuboidal basic bodies, the production of trough-like and plantable molded blocks is made possible. The back anchoring of each element requires no high effort as is the case for example in the arrangement of pegs; It is the production of very high and / or very steep support walls made possible without expensive reinforced concrete structures or Verbaukonstruktionen.

An advantageous embodiment provides that in the finished part a reinforcement is arranged, which expediently consists of structural steel. The finished parts are preferably reinforced according to DIN 1045 and are made with lightweight core, especially made of polystyrene. The finished parts can be provided with an anchorage for laying.

Furthermore, it is possible that a cavity is arranged in the core of the finished part.

The body of lightweight material extends in the finished part to at least one side of the finished part and is removable.

Particularly advantageous is the arrangement of recesses in the finished parts, in which a topsoil can be filled for plantings.

Furthermore, it is possible that assembly loops are arranged on the finished part.

An advantageous embodiment provides that below a first layer of finished parts, a soil replacement or a cleanliness layer is arranged.

A further embodiment consists in that earth and / or greenery are arranged in recesses of the finished part or on horizontal offsets to other finished parts and / or supporting wall elements.

In a further embodiment, the finished part can be designed as a special part, which has a prismatic basic shape with a triangular or polygonal floor plan. It is also possible that the finished part has a prismatic basic shape with a triangular view surface.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment.

Figur 1

eine isometrische Darstellung eines einzelnen erfindungsgemäßen Fertigteils,

Figur 2

eine zugehörige Seitenansicht,

Figur 3

eine Seitenansicht eines einzelnen erfindungsgemäßen Fertigteils in einer weiteren Ausführungsform,

Figur 4

einen Schnitt durch eine aus erfindungsgemäßen Fertigteilen hergestellte Stützwand,

Figur 5

einen Schnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Erfindungsgemäßen Fertigteils,

Figur 6

eine Draufsicht eines ersten Sonderelementes,

Figur 7

eine Draufsicht eines zweiten Sonderelementes und

Figur 8

einen Ausschnitt einer Ansicht einer aus erfindungsgemäßen Fertigteilen errichteten Stützwand.

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FIG. 1

an isometric view of a single finished part according to the invention,

FIG. 2

an associated side view,

FIG. 3

a side view of a single finished part according to the invention in a further embodiment,

FIG. 4

a section through a retaining wall made of finished parts according to the invention,

FIG. 5

a section through a further embodiment of a finished product according to the invention,

FIG. 6

a top view of a first special element,

FIG. 7

a plan view of a second special element and

FIG. 8

a section of a view of erected from the finished parts according to the support wall.

FIG. 1 shows a usable as a control element rectangular precast element 1 with an element width of about 1.0 m and an element height and an element depth of about 50 cm, which is made of concrete. In the finished part 1 is a Geogrid 2, which is made of plastic and has a very high tensile strength, embedded in concrete.

FIG. 2 shows a side view of the in FIG. 1 shown used as a control element molded block 1, which is made of concrete; in the cuboid prefabricated part 1 is a reinforcement 3, which consists of structural steel arranged; the geogrid 2 is cast in the prefabricated part 1 and emerges at right angles from a rear side of the finished part 1 in its lower region. The length of the geogrid 2 arranged outside the finished part 1 is determined by the static design.

FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment; In this case, the finished part 1 is formed trough-shaped. In which in the inner region of the finished part 1 is also a cuboid body made of lightweight material 4, namely made of styrofoam arranged. In the walls and in the bottom portion of the finished part 1, a reinforcement 3 is also arranged, which serves to avoid cracking in the concrete. The geogrid 2 is also arranged in the lower region of the finished part 1.

FIG. 4 shows a supporting wall, which was erected with finished parts 1 according to the invention, in a sectional view. The finished parts 1 are stacked side by side and one above the other, the lower row of finished parts 1 being placed on a cleanliness layer 5. All finished parts 1 with air-side contact have a back anchoring. The finished parts 1 of the upper three rows have a geogrid 2, wherein the length of these geogrids 2 is different at different heights as a result of a static design. Three of the prefabricated parts 1 shown have a relatively short geogrid 2 on their rear side; These geogrids 2 are each connected to a further geogrid 2.1, which causes a back anchoring in an earth body 6. The geogrids 2 of the finished parts 1, which are connected to a further geogrid 2.1, are formed with a unit length.

FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a finished part 1 according to the invention; the core of this finished part 1 is made of a lightweight material 4, which serves to reduce the weight. The formed of lightweight material 4 core this finished part 1 is completely covered by a reinforced with a reinforcement 3 concrete wall.

FIG. 6 shows the top view of a first special part 1.1. In this first special section 1.1 is a trimmed from two blocks basic body, which is used for the production of angled in the floor plan support walls. At the back of each partial cuboid, which forms this first special part 1.1, a geogrid 2 is arranged in each case.

FIG. 7 shows a second special part 1.2, which is also suitable for the formation of angled in plan view of the support walls, said second special part 1.2 has a prismatic shape, wherein the floor plan of this prismatic body forms an isosceles triangle.

FIG. 8 shows the view of a support wall formed from a plurality of prefabricated parts 1, wherein on the left lateral boundary of the support wall third special parts 1.3 are arranged, which also have a prismatic shape. The prisms shown here have a triangular view. The in the FIGS. 6 to 8 shown special elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 can be produced with any angle, so that support walls with arbitrary course in plan and with any edge and head training can be produced.

Claims (11)

1. Stackable concrete building block (1), especially for manufacturing retaining walls out of single elements, characterised in that the building block (1) is connected to a geogrid (2), whereas the geogrid (2) is set in concrete in the building block (1) and that the geogrid (2) can be anchored in a ground body (6) and that a light-weight material body (4) is arranged in the building block (1) for reducing weight and that the light-weight material body (4) being in the building block (1) reaches to at least one side of the building block (1) and that it can be removed.
2. Stackable building block (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the building block (1) is connected to a geogrid (2), that the geogrid (2) can be connected to another geogrid (2.1) and that the other geogrid (2.1) can be anchored in a ground body (6).
3. Stackable building block (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that geogrids (2) of several building blocks (1) can be connected to each other.
4. Stackable building block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that an armour (3) is arranged in the building block (1).
5. Stackable building block (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the armour (3) consists of structural steel.
6. Stackable building block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the building block (1) comprises a rectangular form or a at least nearly rectangular basic form with at least one recess.
7. Stackable building block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the geogrid (2) consists of plastic material.
8. Stackable building block (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that assembly ears are arranged on the building block (1).
9. Stackable building block (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the building block (1) comprises a prismatic basic form with a polygonal floor plan and that it forms a first special element (1.1).
10. Stackable building block (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the building block (1) comprises a prismatic basic form with a triangular view face and that it forms a third special element (1.3).
11. Stackable building block (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the building block (1) forms a prismatic basic form with a triangular floor plan and that it forms a second special element (1.2).

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