DE20215715U1 - Precast part made of concrete for retaining walls with geogrid rear suspension - Google Patents

Abstract

A concrete block for building retaining earth walls has a rectangular trough shape and is attached to a section of plastic mesh which is laid out on the inside of the earth wall and secured by backfill. The mesh is incorporated into the mould of the block to be anchored into the concrete. The concrete shape is strengthened by steel reinforcing, with the hollow inside formed by a light foam plastic insert.

Description

Dipl.- Ing. Andreas Herold Pabststrasse 12 99423 Weimar

and

Dipl.-Ing. Hans-Jürgen Preissler Friedensgasse 3 99423 Weimar 15

Precast concrete door retaining walls with geogrid backing

The invention relates to a stackable prefabricated concrete component, in particular for the production of retaining walls and noise barriers from individual elements. 25

The invention is preferably used for the construction of justifiable and steep and/or high retaining walls or noise barriers from individual elements.

In addition to various slope protection systems and retaining wall systems, the state of the art also includes various stackable precast concrete elements for the production of retaining walls from individual elements.

According to DE81 19 371 Ul, DE 88 11 825 Ul, DE 38 37 243 Al and AT 004 473 Ul, stackable elements for retaining wall systems are known in which elements arranged one above the other are connected to one another in order to increase the stability of these retaining walls.

According to AT 004 473 U 1, a component for erecting retaining wall elements is known in which one or more than one groove is arranged on a cuboid-shaped base element at least on part of its boundary surfaces, wherein these groove(s) can be used as a connecting element for the positive connection of adjoining base elements, a strip-shaped spring.

According to DE 38 372 43 A 1, a shaped brick with an endless side wall and an upper and lower opening for receiving soil or the like is known for the production of a wall formed from shaped bricks arranged next to and above one another, wherein the side wall has an outside and inside area of the wall and two transverse walls connecting them to one another, in which in the upper front end area of each transverse wall there is a fixing lug protruding from the plane of the front surface and on the inside of each transverse wall there is a retaining strip protruding inwards from this and flush with the lower edge of the transverse wall.

According to DE 88 11 825 U 1, a supporting wall is known which contains a substantially plate-shaped base element which has a rib running parallel to a side edge, wherein a substantially cuboid-shaped connecting element which is provided with a left-hand groove matching a rib is arranged.

A disadvantage of the aforementioned arrangements is that these known systems are not suitable for the construction of relatively high or steep retaining walls, since these systems work according to the principle of a non-anchored and unreinforced gravity wall.

In addition, arrangements for the construction of retaining structures and steep slopes with plastic-reinforced soil are known, which are similar in appearance to a green retaining wall.

According to DE 200 11 791.2 U 1, an arrangement for the construction of retaining structures and steep slopes with plastic-reinforced soil and permanent greening is known, in which the earth-side area of the slope is made up of horizontal layers, between which geosynthetic reinforcements are arranged, in which angled reinforcement mats are arranged to serve as permanent formwork, and in which spacers are arranged between the sides of the angled reinforcement mats to fix the permanent formwork. The arrangement of anchored geotextiles results in good stability for these slopes and very good greening potential.

The disadvantage is that greening is essential to avoid impairment of the load-bearing capacity due to erosion.

In addition, it is known to build retaining walls from stackable prefabricated elements and to loosely lay geotextiles in the bed joints of shaped blocks arranged one above the other and to anchor them on the ground side.

The disadvantage is that the introduction of tensile forces from the geotextiles into the stackable precast blocks by friction is only possible if the retaining wall formed from the stackable prefabricated parts is exposed to a sufficiently high vertical force. However, this is usually not the case.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a stackable prefabricated concrete element for the production of retaining walls from individual elements, which is easy to manufacture and, even with a low dead weight, enables the production of

Retaining walls with high stability are possible even without load and without complex additional separate back anchoring.

According to the invention, the object is achieved with the feature combinations specified in claims 1 and 2.

Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

The invention has a number of advantages. By arranging a geogrid that can be connected or is connected to a stackable prefabricated part and can be anchored in a body of earth, it is possible to build a retaining wall in which each individual element can be anchored back, whereby the anchoring length and the type of geosynthetic used for anchoring are basically arbitrary and can be determined according to the respective static calculation; the specific dimensions of the geogrid can be changed according to the static requirements.

It is particularly advantageous to encase the geogrid directly in the precast concrete element; this ensures secure anchoring and load transfer into the precast element.

By arranging geogrids that can be coupled together, it is possible to prevent individual shaped stones from shifting, without having to connect them together in a complex process.

The arrangement of recesses in cuboid-shaped base bodies enables the production of trough-like shaped stones that can be planted.

The anchoring of each individual element does not require a great deal of effort, as is the case, for example, with the arrangement of ground nails; it enables the construction of very high and/or very steep retaining walls without complex reinforced concrete structures or shoring structures. The prefabricated parts according to the invention are preferably reinforced in accordance with DIN 1045 and can be manufactured with or without a lightweight material core, in particular made of polystyrene; the prefabricated parts have an anchoring for laying.

Particularly advantageous is the arrangement of recesses in the prefabricated parts, into which a topsoil for planting can be filled.

The invention is explained in more detail below using an embodiment.

To this end,

Figure 1 is an isometric view of a single finished part according to the invention,

Figure 2 is a corresponding side view,
15

Figure 3 is a side view of a single finished part according to the invention in a further embodiment,

Figure 4 shows a section through a retaining wall made from prefabricated parts according to the invention,

Figure 5 shows a section through another embodiment of a finished part according to the invention,

Figure 6 is a plan view of a first special element,

Figure 7 is a plan view of a second special element and

Figure 6 shows a detail of a view of a retaining wall constructed from prefabricated elements according to the invention.

Figure 1 shows a cuboid-shaped prefabricated element 1 that can be used as a standard element, with an element width of about 1.0 m and an element height and depth of about 50 cm, which is made of concrete. A geogrid 2, which is made of plastic and has a very high tensile strength, is embedded in the prefabricated element 1.

Figure 2 shows a side view of the shaped block 1 shown in Figure 1, which can be used as a standard element and is made of concrete; a reinforcement 3 made of structural steel is arranged in the cuboid-shaped prefabricated part 1; the geogrid 2 is concreted into the prefabricated part 1 and emerges at right angles from the back of the prefabricated part 1 in its lower area. The length of the geogrid 2 arranged outside the prefabricated part 1 is determined by the static design.

Figure 3 shows a further embodiment; the prefabricated part 1 is trough-shaped. A cuboid-shaped body made of lightweight material 4, namely polystyrene, is arranged in the inner area of the prefabricated part 1. Reinforcement 3 is also arranged in the walls and in the base area of the prefabricated part 1, which serves to prevent cracks from forming in the concrete. The geogrid 2 is also arranged in the lower area of the prefabricated part 1.

Figure 4 shows a retaining wall that was built with prefabricated parts 1 according to the invention, in a sectional view. The prefabricated parts 1 are stacked next to each other and on top of each other, with the lower row of prefabricated parts 1 being placed on a blind layer 5. All prefabricated parts 1 with air-side contact have a back anchor. The prefabricated parts 1 of the upper three rows have a geogrid 2, with the length of these geogrids 2 being different at different heights as a result of a static design. Three of the prefabricated parts 1 shown have a relatively short geogrid 2 on their back; these geogrids 2 are each connected to another geogrid 2.1, which

a back anchoring in an earth body 6 is achieved. The geogrids 2 of the prefabricated parts 1, which are connected to another geogrid 2.1, are designed with a unit length.

Figure 5 shows a further embodiment of a prefabricated part 1 according to the invention; the core of this prefabricated part 1 is made of a lightweight material 4, which serves to reduce the weight. The core of this prefabricated part 1, which is made of lightweight material 4, is completely surrounded by a concrete wall reinforced with reinforcement 3.

Figure 6 shows the top view of a first special part 1.1. This first special part 1.1 is a base body made up of two cuboids, which is used to produce retaining walls that are angled in plan. A geogrid 2 is arranged on the back of each partial cuboid that forms this first special part 1.1.

Figure 7 shows a second special part 1.2, which is also suitable for the formation of retaining walls angled in the ground plan, whereby this second special part 1.2 has a prismatic shape, whereby the ground plan of this prismatic body forms an isosceles triangle.

Figure 8 shows the view of a retaining wall formed from a large number of prefabricated parts 1, with third special parts 1.3, which also have a prismatic shape, being arranged on the lateral boundary of the retaining wall shown on the left. The prisms shown here have a triangular view.

The special elements 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 shown in Figures 6 to 8 can be manufactured with any angle, so that retaining walls can be manufactured with any course in the floor plan as well as with any edge and head formation.

LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

1 finished part

1.1 first special part

1.2 Second special part

1.3 Third special part

2 geogrids

2.1 additional geogrid

3 Reinforcement

4 Lightweight

5 Subsurface layer

6 Earth bodies 15

2670-Retaining-Wall-Reinforcement-ML.lwg

Claims (16)

1. Stackable prefabricated part ( 1 ) made of concrete, in particular for the production of retaining walls from individual elements, characterized in that the prefabricated part ( 1 ) can be connected to a geogrid ( 2 ) and that the geogrid ( 2 ) is anchored in an earth body ( 6 ). 2. Stackable prefabricated part ( 1 ) made of concrete, in particular for the production of retaining walls from individual elements, characterized in that the prefabricated part ( 1 ) is connected to a geogrid ( 2 ), that the geogrid ( 2 ) can be connected to a further geogrid ( 2.1 ) and that the further geogrid ( 2.1 ) can be anchored in an earth body ( 6 ). 3. Prefabricated part ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that geogrids ( 2 ) of different prefabricated parts ( 1 ) can be coupled to one another. 4. Prefabricated part ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a reinforcement ( 3 ) is arranged in the prefabricated part. 5. Prefabricated part ( 1 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that the reinforcement ( 3 ) consists of structural steel. 6. Finished part ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the finished part ( 1 ) has a cuboid shape or an at least approximately cuboid basic shape with at least one recess. 7. Prefabricated part ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a body made of lightweight material ( 4 ) is arranged in the prefabricated part ( 1 ) to reduce the weight or that a cavity is arranged in the core of the prefabricated part ( 1 ). 8. Prefabricated part ( 1 ) according to claim 7, characterized in that the body made of lightweight material ( 4 ) in the prefabricated part ( 1 ) extends to at least one side of the prefabricated part ( 1 ) and is removable. 9. Prefabricated part ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the geogrid ( 2 ) is concreted into the prefabricated part ( 1 ). 10. Prefabricated part ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the geogrid ( 2 ) consists of plastic. 11. Finished part ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that mounting eyes are arranged on the finished part ( 1 ). 12. Prefabricated part ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a soil exchange or a blind layer ( 5 ) is arranged below a first layer of prefabricated parts ( 1 ). 13. Prefabricated part ( 1 ) according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that soil and/or greenery are arranged in recesses of the prefabricated part ( 1 ) or on horizontal offsets to other prefabricated parts and/or retaining wall elements. 14. Prefabricated part ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the prefabricated part ( 1 ) has a prismatic basic shape with a polygonal floor plan and forms a first special part ( 1.2 ). 15. Finished part ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the finished part ( 1 ) has a prismatic basic shape with a triangular visible surface and forms a third special part ( 1.3 ). 16. Prefabricated part ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the prefabricated part ( 1 ) has a prismatic basic shape with a triangular outline and forms a second special part ( 1.2 ).