EP0942248B1 - Holder for green ceramic articles to be fired and used on a ceramic wagon - Google Patents
Holder for green ceramic articles to be fired and used on a ceramic wagon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0942248B1 EP0942248B1 EP99103487A EP99103487A EP0942248B1 EP 0942248 B1 EP0942248 B1 EP 0942248B1 EP 99103487 A EP99103487 A EP 99103487A EP 99103487 A EP99103487 A EP 99103487A EP 0942248 B1 EP0942248 B1 EP 0942248B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- holder according
- holder
- ceramic
- blanks
- apertures
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title description 13
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical class [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical group N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D5/00—Supports, screens or the like for the charge within the furnace
Definitions
- the invention relates to a holder for a ceramic car body for holding blanks made of ceramic material to be burned, especially for burning roof tile blanks, according to the generic term of Claim 1.
- Roof tiles are used for firing after drying ceramic car bodies positioned on kiln cars and then enter one longer oven journey.
- ceramic car bodies also as Called kiln furniture
- the side view in are substantially H-shaped, with the central web to the respective shape of the Blank for appropriate support is adapted from this.
- These H-cassettes can be stacked horizontally on top of each other with the blanks taken from them. Apart from the fact that these H-cassettes despite their honeycomb structure Stability reasons form a significant mass, in addition to the Roof tile blanks are heated, depending on the shape of the blank, other H cassettes to use.
- the object of the invention is a holder for a ceramic To create car body according to the preamble of claim 1, its mass is significantly reduced compared to the absorbed mass to be burned and adaptable to the shape of blanks to be burned in a simple manner is.
- brackets are not only of simple construction, but also allow a substantial reduction in mass due to the hollow profile lattice structure and the high strength of the material used, so that Ratio of mass to be heated to burning is considerably cheaper. This is particularly favored by the use of ceramic Light profiles, i.e. Profiles of low wall thickness and thus low mass.
- the holders are preferably suitable for essentially plate-shaped ceramic blanks, in particular roof tile blanks. All parts of the Ceramic car bodies expediently consist of silicon-infiltrated, reaction-bonded silicon carbide, silicon nitride bonded silicon carbide or recrystallized silicon carbide. On Such ceramic car body is also suitable for Quick fire fighting. By appropriate insertion of supports use the holder for different blank shapes without whose mass would have to be increased significantly.
- the ceramic car body shown comprises over a platform a furnace car, not shown, arranged a series of elevated, parallel, horizontally arranged bars 1, on which one A large number of brackets 2 at approximately the same distance above supports 3 in one predetermined inclination to the horizontal and held parallel to each other are arranged.
- the beams 1 and the supports 3 are in the form of ceramic Light profiles, in particular box-shaped hollow or U profiles. Furthermore, the beams 1 are regularly spaced in the longitudinal direction, insertion holes and notches for the supports 3 or brackets 2 provided.
- the holder 2 consists of a flat, interconnected, in particular hollow webs 4 formed lattice structure from a Silicon carbide material with a variety of in the illustrated embodiment openings 5 and arranged in two rows along each longitudinal edge further openings 6 in the central area.
- the openings 5 and 6 have in illustrated embodiment each the same size.
- the openings 5 and optionally 6 are used to hold positionally fixable positions Support pieces 7 provided in the openings 5 and 6 respectively Support points can be used for a specific blank shape.
- the support pieces 7 are expediently hollow and consist of one in the Opening 5 or 6 insertable foot 7a, a support plate 7b for resting on the Bracket 2 and a support piece 7c extending upward therefrom.
- the scope of the bracket 2 and the number and arrangement of openings 5, 6 can be optimized according to the shapes of the blanks to be burned to be heated with minimal mass in addition to the mass to be burned Get by mass.
- the openings 5, 6 can be any suitable Have shape and do not have to be square or rectangular, as shown his.
- the support pieces 7 on two opposite sides in the lower region of the foot 7a one each have the opening 5 or 6 feasible, lateral extension 8, while the opposite webs 4 delimiting the openings 5
- the extensions 8 By inserting the extensions 8 reach the underside of the holder 2 and the extensions 8 are moved to fix the position relative to the plane of the bracket 2, so that the extensions 8 from the area of the push-through recesses 9 under the Appropriate webs 4 arrive and thus secure the respective support piece 7, whether the bracket 2 is used in a horizontal or inclined position.
- the support pieces 7 can also be permitted so that after their insertion into an opening 5 or 6 fixed in position by turning be by their extensions 8 by rotating from the area of Push-through recesses 9 come out.
- the push-through recesses 9 can also through corresponding elongated openings 5, such as the Openings 6 are formed.
- brackets 2 stacked horizontally on top of each other can be provided in openings 5 and / or 6 of the lattice structure Inserts corresponding to the support pieces 7 to the horizontal Stacking brackets 2 to be arranged, the inserts expediently also like the support pieces 7 a foot, a Have platen and a support piece and in their position about Extensions are fixable.
- bracket 2 Expediently on one side of the plane of the lattice structure essentially vertically projecting support projections 10 for the blank are provided, the inclined arrangement of the bracket 2 to the lower Support the blank.
- the bracket 2 can in particular the two support projections 10 together with one Use as a three-point support for another bracket 2.
- the bars 1 can also be inclined sideways, for example by lateral projections formed guides for the corresponding beam 1 have encompassing legs of the holder 2, with a bar 1 alone a plurality of inclined brackets 2 arranged one behind the other can accommodate so that the supports 3 and the notches on the top the bar 1 can be omitted.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Halterung für einen keramischen Wagenaufbau zum Halten von zu brennenden Rohlingen aus keramischem Material, insbesondere zu brennenden Dachziegelrohlingen, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a holder for a ceramic car body for holding blanks made of ceramic material to be burned, especially for burning roof tile blanks, according to the generic term of Claim 1.
Dachziegelrohlinge werden nach dem Trocknen zum Brennen mittels keramischen Wagenaufbauten auf Ofenwagen positioniert und treten dann eine längere Ofenreise an. Für die keramischen Wagenaufbauten, auch als Brennhilfsmittel bezeichnet, ist es bekannt, grobkeramisches Material, etwa Cordierit, zu verwenden, das die Dachziegelrohlinge horizontal nebeneinander oder mit Abstand übereinander angeordnet aufnimmt. Hierbei dienen als Halterungen für die Rohlinge sogenannte H-Kassetten, die in Seitenansicht im wesentlichen H-förmig sind, wobei der Mittelsteg an die jeweilige Form des Rohlings zur entsprechenden Abstützung hiervon angepaßt ist. Diese H-Kassetten sind mit den davon aufgenommenen Rohlingen horizontal übereinander stapelbar. Abgesehen davon, daß diese H-Kassetten trotz ihrer Wabenstruktur aus Stabilitätsgründen eine erhebliche Masse bilden, die zusätzlich zu den Dachziegelrohlingen zu erhitzen ist, sind je nach Rohlingsform andere H-Kassetten zu verwenden. Roof tiles are used for firing after drying ceramic car bodies positioned on kiln cars and then enter one longer oven journey. For ceramic car bodies, also as Called kiln furniture, it is known to have rough ceramic material, for example Cordierite, to use, that the roof tile blanks horizontally next to each other or records spaced one above the other. Here serve as Brackets for the blanks so-called H-cassettes, the side view in are substantially H-shaped, with the central web to the respective shape of the Blank for appropriate support is adapted from this. These H-cassettes can be stacked horizontally on top of each other with the blanks taken from them. Apart from the fact that these H-cassettes despite their honeycomb structure Stability reasons form a significant mass, in addition to the Roof tile blanks are heated, depending on the shape of the blank, other H cassettes to use.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Halterung für einen keramischen Wagenaufbau nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 zu schaffen, deren Masse im Vergleich zur aufgenommenen, zu brennenden Masse erheblich reduziert ist und die an die Form von zu brennenden Rohlingen in einfacher Weise anpaßbar ist.The object of the invention is a holder for a ceramic To create car body according to the preamble of claim 1, its mass is significantly reduced compared to the absorbed mass to be burned and adaptable to the shape of blanks to be burned in a simple manner is.
Diese Aufgabe wird entsprechend dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This task is performed according to the characteristic part of the Claim 1 solved.
Derartige Halterungen sind nicht nur von einfacher Konstruktion, sondern ermöglichen auch eine wesentliche Massenreduzierung aufgrund der Hohlprofil-Gitterstruktur und der hohen Festigkeit des verwendeten Werkstoffs, so daß das Verhältnis von zu erwärmender zu zu brennender Masse erheblich günstiger wird. Dies wird insbesondere begünstigt durch den Einsatz von keramischen Leichtprofilen, d.h. Profilen geringer Wandstärke und damit geringer Masse. Obwohl die Halterungen auch zur übereinander gestapelten Anordnung von zu brennenden Rohlingen verwendet werden können, ermöglichen sie auch eine Verwendung in Schrägstellung, mit der eine erhöhte Setzdichte erreichbaar ist. Die Halterungen eignen sich vorzugsweise für im wesentlichen plattenförmige keramische Rohlinge, insbesondere Dachziegelrohlinge. Alle Teile des keramischen Wagenaufbaus bestehen zweckmäßigerweise aus siliciuminfiltriertem, reaktions-gebundenem Siliciumkarbid, siliciumnitridgebundenem Siliciumkarbid oder rekristallisiertem Siliciumkarbid. Ein derartiger keramischer Wagenaufbau eignet sich außerdem für den Schnellbrandeinsatz. Durch entsprechendes Einsetzen von Auflagestücken läßt sich die Halterung für unterschiedliche Rohlingsformen verwenden, ohne daß deren Masse wesentlich vergrößert werden müßte.Such brackets are not only of simple construction, but also allow a substantial reduction in mass due to the hollow profile lattice structure and the high strength of the material used, so that Ratio of mass to be heated to burning is considerably cheaper. This is particularly favored by the use of ceramic Light profiles, i.e. Profiles of low wall thickness and thus low mass. Although the brackets can also be stacked on top of each other burning blanks can also be used Use in an inclined position, with which an increased setting density can be achieved. The holders are preferably suitable for essentially plate-shaped ceramic blanks, in particular roof tile blanks. All parts of the Ceramic car bodies expediently consist of silicon-infiltrated, reaction-bonded silicon carbide, silicon nitride bonded silicon carbide or recrystallized silicon carbide. On Such ceramic car body is also suitable for Quick fire fighting. By appropriate insertion of supports use the holder for different blank shapes without whose mass would have to be increased significantly.
Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.Further refinements of the invention are as follows Description and the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von in den beigefügten
Abbildungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.
Der dargestellte keramische Wagenaufbau umfaßt über einer Plattform eines nicht dargestellten Ofenwagens angeordnet eine Reihe von aufgeständerten, parallelen, horizontal angeordneten Balken 1, auf denen eine Vielzahl von Halterungen 2 in etwa gleichem Abstand über Stützen 3 in einer vorbestimmten Schrägstellung zur Horizontalen gehalten und parallel zueinander angeordnet sind. Die Balken 1 und die Stützen 3 sind in Form von keramischen Leichtprofilen, insbesondere kastenförmigen Hohl- oder U-Profilen ausgebildet. Femer sind die Balken 1 mit in deren Längsrichtung regelmäßig beabstandeten, oberseitig angeordneten Einstecklöchern und Einkerbungen für die Stützen 3 bzw. Halterungen 2 versehen.The ceramic car body shown comprises over a platform a furnace car, not shown, arranged a series of elevated, parallel, horizontally arranged bars 1, on which one A large number of brackets 2 at approximately the same distance above supports 3 in one predetermined inclination to the horizontal and held parallel to each other are arranged. The beams 1 and the supports 3 are in the form of ceramic Light profiles, in particular box-shaped hollow or U profiles. Furthermore, the beams 1 are regularly spaced in the longitudinal direction, insertion holes and notches for the supports 3 or brackets 2 provided.
Die Halterung 2 besteht aus einer ebenen, aus miteinander verbundenen,
insbesondere hohlen Stegen 4 gebildeten Gitterstruktur aus einem
Siliciumkarbidwerkstoff mit einer Vielzahl von im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel
in zwei Reihen entlang jedes Längsrandes angeordneten Öffnungen 5 und
weiteren Öffnungen 6 im Mittelbereich. Die Öffnungen 5 und auch 6 besitzen im
dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel jeweils gleiche Größe. Die Öffnungen 5 und
gegebenenfalls 6 dienen zur Aufnahme von in ihrer Position lagefixierbaren
Auflagestücken 7, die in die Öffnungen 5 bzw. 6 entsprechend vorgesehenen
Abstützstellen für eine bestimmte Rohlingsform einsetzbar sind. Die Auflagestücke
7 sind zweckmäßigerweise hohl ausgebildet und bestehen aus einem in die
Öffnung 5 bzw. 6 einsetzbaren Fuß 7a, eine Auflageplatte 7b zur Auflage auf der
Halterung 2 und ein sich hiervon aufwärts erstreckendes Auflagestücke 7c.The holder 2 consists of a flat, interconnected,
in particular hollow webs 4 formed lattice structure from a
Silicon carbide material with a variety of in the illustrated embodiment
openings 5 and arranged in two rows along each longitudinal edge
Der Umfang der Halterung 2 und die Anzahl und Anordnung von Öffnungen
5, 6 können entsprechend den Formen der zu brennenden Rohlinge optimiert
sein, um mit minimaler zusätzlich zur zu brennenden Masse zu erwärmender
Masse auszukommen. Hierbei können die Öffnungen 5, 6 irgendeine geeignete
Gestalt aufweisen und müssen nicht, wie dargestellt, quadratisch bzw. rechteckig
sein.The scope of the bracket 2 and the number and arrangement of
Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, können die Auflagestücke 7 auf zwei
gegenüberliegenden Seiten im unteren Bereich des Fußes 7a jeweils einen durch
die Öffnung 5 bzw. 6 durchführbaren, seitlichen Fortsatz 8 aufweisen, während die
die Öffnungen 5 begrenzenden, gegenüberliegenden Stege 4
Durchsteckausnehmungen 9 aufweisen, durch die das Auflagestück 7 mit seinen
seitlichen Fortsätzen 8 in die Öffnung 5 bzw. 6 einsetzbar ist. Durch das Einsetzen
gelangen die Fortsätze 8 auf die Unterseite der Halterung 2 und die Fortsätze 8
werden zur Lagefixierung gegenüber der Ebene der Halterung 2 verschoben, so
daß die Fortsätze 8 aus dem Bereich der Durchsteckausnehmungen 9 unter die
entsprechenden Stege 4 gelangen und somit das jeweilige Auflagestück 7 sichern,
ob nun die Halterung 2 in horizontaler oder Schrägstellung verwendet wird.As can be seen from Fig. 2, the support pieces 7 on two
opposite sides in the lower region of the
Die Auflagestücke 7 können aber auch so gestattet sein, daß sie nach
ihrem Einsetzen in eine Öffnung 5 bzw. 6 durch Drehen in ihrer Lage fixiert
werden, indem ihre Fortsätze 8 durch das Drehen aus dem Bereich der
Durchsteckausnehmungen 9 heraus gelangen. Die Durchsteckausnehmungen 9
können auch durch entsprechende verlängerte Öffnungen 5, wie etwa die
Öffnungen 6, gebildet werden.The support pieces 7 can also be permitted so that after
their insertion into an
Um die Halterungen 2 horizontal übereinander gestapelt verwenden zu
können, ist vorgesehen, in Öffnungen 5 und/oder 6 der Gitterstruktur einsetzbare
Einsätze korrespondierend zu den Auflagestücken 7 zum horizontalen
Übereinanderstapeln von Halterungen 2 anzuordnen, wobei die Einsätze
zweckmäßigerweise ebenfalls wie die Auflagestücke 7 einen Fuß, eine
Auflageplatte und ein Auflagestück aufweisen sowie in ihrer Lage etwa über
Fortsätze fixierbar sind.To use the brackets 2 stacked horizontally on top of each other
can be provided in openings 5 and / or 6 of the lattice structure
Inserts corresponding to the support pieces 7 to the horizontal
Stacking brackets 2 to be arranged, the inserts
expediently also like the
Zweckmäßigerweise sind an einer Seite aus der Ebene der Gitterstruktur im
wesentlichen senkrecht hochragende Stützvorsprünge 10 für den Rohling
vorgesehen sind, die in schräggestellter Anordnung der Halterung 2 zur unteren
Abstützung des Rohlings dienen. Bei horizontalem Einsatz der Halterung 2
können insbesondere die beiden Stützvorsprünge 10 zusammen mit einem
Einsatz als Dreipunktauflage für eine weitere Halterung 2 dienen.Expediently on one side of the plane of the lattice structure
essentially vertically projecting
Die Balken 1 können auch seitliche schräg gestellte, beispielsweise durch seitliche Vorsprünge gebildete Führungen für entsprechende den Balken 1 umgreifende Schenkel der Halterung 2 aufweisen, wobei auch ein Balken 1 alleine eine Vielzahl von schräg gestellten Halterungen 2 hintereinander angeordnet aufnehmen kann, so daß die Stützen 3 und die Einkerbungen an der Oberseite der Balken 1 entfallen können.The bars 1 can also be inclined sideways, for example by lateral projections formed guides for the corresponding beam 1 have encompassing legs of the holder 2, with a bar 1 alone a plurality of inclined brackets 2 arranged one behind the other can accommodate so that the supports 3 and the notches on the top the bar 1 can be omitted.
Claims (7)
- Holder for a trolley superstructure for holding blanks from ceramic material to be fired, especially roof tile blanks, characterised by a flat hollow section trellis structure of a silicon carbide material formed of links (4) connected together with a multitude of apertures (5, 6) and by numerous supporting blocks (7) insertable into associated apertures (5, 6) corresponding to appropriate supporting places for specific shapes of blanks and fixable in their inserted position.
- Holder according to claim 1, characterised in that the supporting blocks (7) have a side extension (8) on each of two opposite sides at the bottom which can pass through the aperture (5, 6).
- Holder according to claim 2, characterised in that the opposite ribs (4) delimiting the apertures (5, 6) have through recesses (9) through which the supporting block (7) with its side extensions (8) can be inserted into the aperture (5, 6).
- Holder according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that inserts insertable in the apertures (5, 6) in the trellis structure are envisaged for horizontal stacking of holders (2) on top of each other.
- Holder according to claim 4, characterised in that the inserts are fixable in their inserted position.
- Holder according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that supporting projections (10) for the blank protrude essentially vertically from the plane of the trellis structure on one side.
- Holder according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the supporting blocks (7) are hollow.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19810411 | 1998-03-11 | ||
| DE19810411A DE19810411A1 (en) | 1998-03-11 | 1998-03-11 | Holder for a ceramic car body for holding blanks made of ceramic material to be burned |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0942248A1 EP0942248A1 (en) | 1999-09-15 |
| EP0942248B1 true EP0942248B1 (en) | 2003-09-03 |
Family
ID=7860440
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99103487A Expired - Lifetime EP0942248B1 (en) | 1998-03-11 | 1999-02-23 | Holder for green ceramic articles to be fired and used on a ceramic wagon |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6142774A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0942248B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19810411A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2794632B1 (en) * | 1999-06-14 | 2001-09-07 | Gerard Coudamy | COOKING SUPPORT |
| JP3685656B2 (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2005-08-24 | 太陽誘電株式会社 | Manufacturing method of multilayer ceramic electronic component |
| DE10129045C2 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2003-04-24 | Burton Gmbh | kiln furniture |
| EP3425317B1 (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2020-04-08 | Imertech Sas | Ceramic assembly for firing ceramic objects |
| CN111452184B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2022-05-10 | 周秀兰 | A robot with an automatic blank taking head and a blank grouting machine |
| WO2024064198A1 (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2024-03-28 | Blasch Precision Ceramics, Inc. | Hybrid setter for investment casting cores and method of using |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1530479A (en) * | 1924-07-17 | 1925-03-24 | Charles T Carlson | Burning rack |
| US1895408A (en) * | 1932-06-08 | 1933-01-24 | Production Foundry Co | Bat |
| DE902234C (en) * | 1950-12-23 | 1954-01-21 | Robert Meldau Dr Ing | Drying frame for roof tiles |
| US3412988A (en) * | 1964-04-03 | 1968-11-26 | Rose Iron Works Inc | Grid structure |
| FR1419676A (en) * | 1964-08-26 | 1965-12-03 | Cie Des Meules Norton | Refractory support for firing products |
| GB1240204A (en) * | 1969-08-12 | 1971-07-21 | Acme Marls Ltd | Improvements relating to supports for pottery and the like articles during firing and like heat treatment |
| US4141681A (en) * | 1976-06-08 | 1979-02-27 | Acme Marls Limited | Support structure for ceramic ware |
| US4475887A (en) * | 1983-05-19 | 1984-10-09 | Norton Company | Lavatory setter |
| JPH10503581A (en) * | 1994-11-22 | 1998-03-31 | サン−ゴバン インダストリアル セラミックス，インコーポレイティド | Kiln Furniture Pillar Design |
| EP0786636A1 (en) * | 1996-01-26 | 1997-07-30 | Keller GmbH | Process and wagon for the firing of interlocking tiles |
| DE29609382U1 (en) * | 1996-05-25 | 1996-08-14 | BURTON-WERKE GmbH + Co. KG, 49328 Melle | Means for securing the position of burner cartridges on top of kiln cars |
| US5752821A (en) * | 1996-07-02 | 1998-05-19 | Kia Motors Corporation | Tray for heat treatment furnace |
| DE29802626U1 (en) * | 1997-02-18 | 1998-06-18 | Keller GmbH, 49479 Ibbenbüren | Plant for firing roof tiles on flat firing pads and such firing pad |
| DE19718253A1 (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 1999-02-04 | Keller Gmbh | Method and installation for burning roof tiles |
-
1998
- 1998-03-11 DE DE19810411A patent/DE19810411A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-02-23 EP EP99103487A patent/EP0942248B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-23 DE DE59906815T patent/DE59906815D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-10 US US09/265,753 patent/US6142774A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0942248A1 (en) | 1999-09-15 |
| DE19810411A1 (en) | 1999-09-16 |
| DE59906815D1 (en) | 2003-10-09 |
| US6142774A (en) | 2000-11-07 |
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