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EP0106919B1 - Composite setter for the firing in a kiln of ceramic tiles or other similar articles - Google Patents

Composite setter for the firing in a kiln of ceramic tiles or other similar articles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0106919B1
EP0106919B1 EP19820201312 EP82201312A EP0106919B1 EP 0106919 B1 EP0106919 B1 EP 0106919B1 EP 19820201312 EP19820201312 EP 19820201312 EP 82201312 A EP82201312 A EP 82201312A EP 0106919 B1 EP0106919 B1 EP 0106919B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frames
support
frame
stacked
coupling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19820201312
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0106919A1 (en
Inventor
Franciscus Theodorus Joseph Beerkens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Sphinx NV
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Sphinx NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Sphinx NV filed Critical Koninklijke Sphinx NV
Priority to DE8282201312T priority Critical patent/DE3277024D1/en
Priority to EP19820201312 priority patent/EP0106919B1/en
Publication of EP0106919A1 publication Critical patent/EP0106919A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0106919B1 publication Critical patent/EP0106919B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00Supports, screens or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F27D5/0006Composite supporting structures

Definitions

  • Support frame composed of individual parts for ceramic tiles or such objects to be fired in an oven.
  • the invention relates to a support frame composed of individual parts made of ceramic material for supporting ceramic tiles and such objects to be fired in an oven.
  • FR-A-2 266 133 describes such a supporting frame with a number of stackable rectangular frames, the vertical side walls of which have protruding horizontal support strips on the inside and outside, and with horizontally extending coupling plates, each of which a pair of frames placed one on top of the other and at the same time releasably connect with a stacked frame pair following at a distance in the longitudinal direction of the support frame with at least one corresponding complex of two stacked vertical frame pairs set up next to it in the transverse direction of the support frame.
  • Each frame has vertically projecting support cams on the underside and on the top, and each coupling plate is arranged between the frames of each stacked pair of frames to be coupled by this plate.
  • Each coupling plate is provided with holes close to its side edges, each of which fits an upper and lower support cam.
  • DE-A-1 196 565 describes a support frame corresponding to the support frame according to FR-A-2 266 133, each coupling plate being provided with depressions instead of the holes, into which the support cams can be received.
  • the invention aims to provide a support frame of the type mentioned, which does not have the disadvantages of the known support frames and which enables a quick and stable construction of the support frame from easily manufactured lower parts.
  • the support frame according to the invention is provided with a number of stackable rectangular frames whose vertical side walls on the inside and outside have protruding horizontal support strips or the same protruding support parts, and with horizontally extending coupling plates, each of which a pair of frames placed one on one side and at the same time with one in a distance preferably equal to the clear width of the frames in the longitudinal direction of the support frame following stacked frame pair thus releasably connect with at least one corresponding complex of two stacked vertical frame pairs set up in the transverse direction of the support frame, each frame projecting vertically on the underside and on the top
  • This design makes it possible to regrind the support cams after the manufacture of the frame exactly to the desired length, z. B. by first giving the support cams a length that is somewhat too large. After the grinding process, all frames have exactly the same, total height, so that when the frames are stacked, no significant height differences can occur due to the list of unfavorable manufacturing tolerances.
  • the coupling plates which enclose the support cams with the holes provided therein and prevent mutual displacements in the horizontal plane, do not influence the stacking height of the frames, because their thickness is less than the total height of the support cams which are supported on one another.
  • the clutch plates are therefore not pinched but retain limited freedom of movement.
  • the coupling plates are preferably provided according to the invention with vertical webs lying in the planes of the frame side walls of the coupled frame, each of which opens the frame at least on one side in the transverse direction. There are preferably these webs on the same side of the coupling plate, where they connect to the holes in this plate. Normally, in the composition of the support frame, the webs are directed upwards so that they enclose the frames on the underside, while on the top of the stack of frames the coupling plates can be arranged upside down, therefore with the webs pointing downwards.
  • the support frame of FIGS. 1-6 is composed of loose stackable frames 1 and coupling plates 2 connecting these stacked frames, thus coupling elements 3 and 4 provided at the ends of the support frame.
  • These frame elements 1-4 are made from a refractory ceramic material known per se.
  • the support frame is supported by means of support blocks 5 made of the same material on the upper side 6 of a tunnel kiln car, not shown, in which one end of the support frame is shown in FIG. 1, which extends on the left side of this figure over an arbitrary length.
  • the frames 1 are of identical design and, viewed in the transverse direction of the support frame, have a small width in comparison with their length and height measured in the plane of the frame.
  • Each frame consists of two side bars 7 forming the frame side walls, which are connected at the top and bottom by an upper bar 8 and a lower bar 9.
  • the frame side beams 7 are provided on the inside and on the outside with equally spaced support strips 10 and 11, which run obliquely sideways and upwards at a small angle at the top and which serve to support the pavement tiles 24 to be burned in the tunnel kiln (fig. 5).
  • the frame side beams 7 continue for some distance above the upper frame beam 8 and below the lower frame beam 9 to form the same upper support cams 12 and lower support cams 13, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the support cams are first given a somewhat too large length at least on one side of the frame, whereupon these cams are sharpened exactly to the correct extent, such that the height dimension of each frame between the lower surface of the lower cams 13 and the surface the upper cam 12 measured corresponds exactly to a certain value. In this way, differences in shrinkage are compensated for in the manufacture of the frames and no significant differences in height between stacked frames can occur when the frames are stacked.
  • a number of z. B. four or more frames 1 with their cams 12 and 13 stacked on top of each other and these frame stacks are arranged in longitudinal rows more arbitrarily, determined by the dimensions of the tunnel kiln car, the distance between two frame stacks of the same longitudinal row corresponding to the clear width of the frame openings, so that tiles 24 can also be supported on the outwardly facing support strips 11 of two successive frames.
  • FIG. 1 a number of z. B. four or more frames 1 with their cams 12 and 13 stacked on top of each other and these frame stacks are arranged in longitudinal rows more arbitrarily, determined by the dimensions of the tunnel kiln car, the distance between two frame stacks of the same longitudinal row corresponding to the clear width of the frame openings, so that tiles 24 can also be supported on the outwardly facing support strips 11 of two successive frames.
  • the frame stacks are arranged in four adjacent longitudinal rows, such that in the transverse direction two adjacent frames 1, separated by a narrow gap 14, form a pair of frames which carries a vertical row of tiles 24, while this pair of frames is separated from a second pair of frames for supporting a second vertical row of tiles by a central opening 15 of greater width.
  • the columns 14 promote a good circulation of the hot air along the tiles when they are burned in the tunnel kiln. In the event that the width of the tunnel kiln car permits this, further longitudinal rows of stacked frames 1 can of course be placed next to one another on the car.
  • the stacked frames 1 are held together by the coupling plates 2 in the correct mutual positions. These coupling plates extend over the entire width of the support frame and have holes 16 at a short distance from their side edges (FIGS. 3 and 4) into which the cams 12 and 13 fit.
  • the thickness of the clutch plates 2 is slightly less than the total height of two supporting cams 12, 13 which are supported on one another, so that when a clutch plate 2 is arranged between two stacked frames 1, the cams 12 and 13 of which are each in a hole 16, the clutch plate rests on the but the upper bar 8 of the lower frame 1 is supported by the lower bar 9 of the upper frame 1 is exposed (Fig. 5).
  • the coupling plate 2 in this way holds the support cams 12 and 13 together in a non-displaceable manner but does not influence the overall height of the stack. In contrast, the clutch plate 2 still has sufficient freedom of movement to deviate from the horizontal position, for. B. if the stack height of an adjacent frame stack would be somewhat different due to an irregular supporting surface for the supporting frame.
  • a total of eight holes 16 are provided in pairs in the coupling plate 2 such that the coupling plate can connect a total of sixteen two and two stacked frames 1 of four longitudinal rows extending next to one another.
  • the support frame of the design described above can be assembled in a simple manner.
  • the lower clutch plates 2 are supported on the support blocks 5, which are provided on their top with similar vertical cams 12 'as the frame 1 (Fig.2).
  • the uppermost clutch plates 2 naturally only take up the cams 12 of the uppermost frames 1.
  • coupling elements 3 are used, which have only one row of holes 16 and which are obtained by cutting through a coupling plate according to the dashed line 17 in FIG.
  • the remaining part forms a coupling element 4, which is placed on the support blocks 5 at the end of the row.
  • the coupling plates 2 are further provided with upstanding flat webs 18 and 19 which connect to the elongated holes 16 and form a lateral support for the vertical frame side bars 7 of the frame 1.
  • the webs 18 are located at the two ends of the coupling plate 2 and support the two outer frames of the two pairs of frames lying next to one another in the transverse direction, while the central web 19 extends through the opening 15 and supports the two inner frames of these pairs of frames.
  • the uppermost coupling plates 2 of the assembled support frame are reversed, that is, with their webs 18 and 19 directed downwards.
  • Ventilation holes 20 are also provided in the clutch plates 2.
  • the webs 18 and 19 increase the stability of the support frame. If desired, a further stiffening can be obtained by inserting a fitting wedge 21 into the column 14 between the side beams of each pair of frames, as was drawn at one point in FIG. 2.
  • the frame beams 7 and the fitting wedges 21 are provided with interlocking projections 22 and recesses 23 which hold the fitting wedges 21 in their position (cf. also FIG. 6).
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show an embodiment of a support frame for supporting ceramic paving tiles or bricks of larger size to be fired than the wall tiles 24 in the support frame of FIGS. 1-6.
  • Such paving tiles generally contain a larger glass content to achieve a higher density and are fired once, in which they are to be supported over their entire surface by ribbed support plates 25 so that the tiles do not sag.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 has essentially the same structure as the first described support frame of FIGS. 1-6 and again consists of frame 1 and coupling plates 2.
  • the vertical side beams 7 of frame 1 in this case have relatively short support strips 26 protruding on both sides , 27 with horizontal tops and oblique corners, on which support strips the tile support plates 25 for the paving tiles 28 to be fired rest.
  • the tile support plates 25 are supported by two frames 1 located at a relatively large distance from one another, the support plates still protruding from this pair of frames on both sides.
  • four or more pairs of longitudinal rows of stacked frames 1 can be placed side by side on a tunnel kiln car not shown in FIG.
  • the coupling plates 2 are provided with vertical webs 29 which extend between two frames 1 of a pair of frames supporting the same tile supporting plates 25 in order to improve the transverse stability of the supporting frame.
  • support webs of this type it is also possible to use support webs of this type as the webs 18 and 19 of the coupling plate 2 in FIG. 3.
  • This support frame again has a number of longitudinal rows of frame 1, which have the same design as the frame 1 described above and therefore again with upper and lower support cams 12 and 13 and with inner and outer horizontal support strips 10 and 11 (only a few of which are shown ) are provided.
  • the frames 1 of the same longitudinal row are again arranged at a distance from one another equal to the clear width of each frame.
  • two (or more) longitudinal rows are connected by coupling plates 30, which are connected to the coupling plates 30 described above, which are comparable to the coupling plates 2 described above and have slot-shaped holes 16 for receiving the cams 12 and 13 of the stacked frames 1 in similar to that described above.
  • a series of support elements 31 is arranged, which are directed transversely to the frame 1 and whose vertical side walls are provided with laterally projecting horizontal support strips 32, which have the same shape as the support strips 10 and 11 of the frame 1 have.
  • These support elements 31 also have support cams 33 on the upper side and support cams 34 on the underside, which are comparable to the support cams 12 and 13 of the frame 1.
  • each support element 31 is located in the middle between two successive vertical side walls 7 of the two rows of frames 1 in such a way that the elongated wall tiles 35 to be supported are supported in three places in the manner shown, namely on their two long sides by means of the support strips 10 or 11 of the frame side walls 7 in question and on a short end face by means of a support strip 32 of the support element 31 in question.
  • the support elements 31, like the frames 1, can be stacked vertically and the elements are held in place by slot holes 36 and 36 ', which are provided transversely to the slotted holes 16 in the coupling plates 30 and can accommodate the support cams 33 and 34 of two supporting elements 31 which are supported on one another.
  • the slotted holes 36 ' which are intended to hold the support elements 31 lying in the transverse direction of the support frame between two mutually opposite frames 1, are formed in a trapezoidal laterally projecting part 37 of the coupling plates 30, which projecting part 37 in a corresponding recess 38 in the opposite side edge of the next coupling plate 30 inserted and with an upwardly bent edge part 39 engages over this next coupling plate and is supported on it.
  • the coupling plates 30 also cause the frames 1 and supporting elements 31 stacked on one another to be held together in a stable manner. If the support elements 31 have a small width in the transverse direction of the support frame, they can also be solid, so that the frame opening of these elements shown in FIG.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)

Description

Aus Einzelteilen zusammengesetztes Traggestell für in einem Ofen zu brennende keramische Fliesen oder derartige Gegenstände. Die Erfindung betrifft ein aus Einzelteilen zusammengesetztes Traggestell aus keramischem Werkstoff zum Abstützen von in einem Ofen zu brennenden keramischen Fliesen und derartigen Gegenständen.Support frame composed of individual parts for ceramic tiles or such objects to be fired in an oven. The invention relates to a support frame composed of individual parts made of ceramic material for supporting ceramic tiles and such objects to be fired in an oven.

In der FR-A-2 266 133 ist ein derartiges Traggestell beschrieben mit einer Anzahl stapelbarer rechteckiger Rahmen deren senkrechte Seitenwände an der Innen- und Aussenseite vorstehende waagerechte Auflageleisten aufweisen, und mit sich waagerecht erstreckenden Kupplungsplatten, die je ein Paar aufeinander gesetzter Rahmen einseitig miteinander und zugleich mit einem in einem Abstand in der Längsrichtung des Traggestells folgenden gestapelten Rahmenpaar somit mit wenigstens einem in Querrichtung des Traggestells in Abstand daneben aufgestellten entsprechenden Komplex von zwei gestapelten senkrechten Rahmenpaaren lösbar verbinden. Jeder Rahmen weist an der Unterseite und an der Oberseite senkrecht vorstehende Tragnocken auf und jede Kupplungsplatte ist zwischen den Rahmen jedes durch diese Platte zu kuppelnden gestapelten Rahmenpaars angeordnet. Dabei ist jede Kupplungsplatte nahe an ihre Seitenrändern mit Löchern versehen, die je einen oberen und unteren Tragnocken passend aufnehmen.FR-A-2 266 133 describes such a supporting frame with a number of stackable rectangular frames, the vertical side walls of which have protruding horizontal support strips on the inside and outside, and with horizontally extending coupling plates, each of which a pair of frames placed one on top of the other and at the same time releasably connect with a stacked frame pair following at a distance in the longitudinal direction of the support frame with at least one corresponding complex of two stacked vertical frame pairs set up next to it in the transverse direction of the support frame. Each frame has vertically projecting support cams on the underside and on the top, and each coupling plate is arranged between the frames of each stacked pair of frames to be coupled by this plate. Each coupling plate is provided with holes close to its side edges, each of which fits an upper and lower support cam.

In der DE-A-1 196 565 ist ein dem Traggestell gemäss der FR-A-2 266 133 entsprechendes Traggestell beschrieben, wobei jede Kupplungsplatte anstatt der Löcher mit Vertiefungen versehen ist, in den die Tragnocken aufgenommen werden können.DE-A-1 196 565 describes a support frame corresponding to the support frame according to FR-A-2 266 133, each coupling plate being provided with depressions instead of the holes, into which the support cams can be received.

Bei der Herstellung der keramischen Rahmenelemente des Traggestells treten unvermeidliche Schrumpfunterschiede auf, die zu Unstabilitäten und insbesondere zu Höhenunterschieden führen können wenn eine grosse Anzahl Rahmen flach aufeinander gestapelt wird, wie bei dem bekannten Traggestell der Fall ist. Solche Höhenunterschiede und weitere Ungleichförmigkeiten können die Anordnung der Kupplungsplatten zwischen den hochliegenden Rahmen schwierig wenn nicht unmöglich machen.In the production of the ceramic frame elements of the support frame, there are inevitable differences in shrinkage which can lead to instabilities and in particular to height differences if a large number of frames are stacked flat on one another, as is the case with the known support frame. Such differences in height and other non-uniformities can make it difficult, if not impossible, to arrange the coupling plates between the high frames.

Die Erfindung bezweckt ein Traggestell der Eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, das die Nachteile der bekannten Traggestelle nicht aufweist und das eine schnelle und stabile Aufbau des Traggestells aus einfach herzustellenden Unterteilen ermöglicht.The invention aims to provide a support frame of the type mentioned, which does not have the disadvantages of the known support frames and which enables a quick and stable construction of the support frame from easily manufactured lower parts.

Das erfindungsgemässe Traggestell ist dazu versehen mit einer Anzahl stapelbarer rechteckiger Rahmen deren senkrechte Seitenwände an der Innen- und Aussenseite vorstehende waagerechte Auflageleisten oder dergleiche vorstehende Abstützteile aufweisen, und mit sich waagerecht erstreckenden Kupplungsplatten, die je ein Paar aufeinandergesetzte Rahmen einseitig miteinander und zugleich mit einem in einem Abstand vorzugsweise gleich der lichten Breite der Rahmen in der Längsrichtung des Traggestells folgenden gestapelten Rahmenpaar somit mit wenigstens einem in Querrichtung des Traggestells in Abstand daneben aufgestellten entsprechenden Komplex von zwei gestapelten senkrechten Rahmenpaaren lösbar verbinden, wobei jeder Rahmen an der Unterseite und an Oberseite senkrecht vorstehende Tragnocken aufweist, durch die die gestapelten Rahmen sich aufeinander abstützen und jede Kupplungsplatte zwischen den Rahmen jedes durch diese Platte zu kuppelnden gestapelten Rahmenpaars angeordnet ist und nahe an ihren Seitenrändern mit Löchern versehen ist, die je zwei aufeinanderstützende Tragnocken passend aufnehmen, wobei die Dicke der Kupplungsplatte kleiner ist als die Gesamthöhe zweier sich aufeinander abstützender Tragnocken.The support frame according to the invention is provided with a number of stackable rectangular frames whose vertical side walls on the inside and outside have protruding horizontal support strips or the same protruding support parts, and with horizontally extending coupling plates, each of which a pair of frames placed one on one side and at the same time with one in a distance preferably equal to the clear width of the frames in the longitudinal direction of the support frame following stacked frame pair thus releasably connect with at least one corresponding complex of two stacked vertical frame pairs set up in the transverse direction of the support frame, each frame projecting vertically on the underside and on the top Has support cams through which the stacked frames are supported on one another and each coupling plate is arranged between the frames of each stacked frame pair to be coupled and close e is provided on its side edges with holes, each accommodating two supporting cams supporting one another, the thickness of the coupling plate being less than the total height of two supporting cams supporting one another.

Durch diese Ausbildung ist es möglich, nach der Herstellung der Rahmen deren Tragnocken genau auf die erwünschte Länge nachzuschleifen, z. B. dadurch, dass zuerst den Tragnocken eine etwas zu grosse Länge gegeben wird. Nach der Schleifbearbeitung haben alle Rahmen genau das richtige, gleiche totale Höhenmass, sodass bei Stapelung der Rahmen keine bedeutenden Höhenunterschiede durch Aufzählung ungünstiger Herstellungstoleranzen auftreten können. Die Kupplungsplatten, die mit den darin vorgesehenen Löchern die Tragnocken umschliessen und gegenseitige Verschiebungen in der Horizontalebene verhindern, beeinflüssen die Stapelhöhe der Rahmen nicht, weil ihre Dicke kleiner als die Gesamthöhe der sich aufeinander abstützenden Tragnocken ist. Die Kupplungsplatten werden deshalb auch nicht eingeklemmt aber behalten eine beschränkte Bewegungsfreiheit.This design makes it possible to regrind the support cams after the manufacture of the frame exactly to the desired length, z. B. by first giving the support cams a length that is somewhat too large. After the grinding process, all frames have exactly the same, total height, so that when the frames are stacked, no significant height differences can occur due to the list of unfavorable manufacturing tolerances. The coupling plates, which enclose the support cams with the holes provided therein and prevent mutual displacements in the horizontal plane, do not influence the stacking height of the frames, because their thickness is less than the total height of the support cams which are supported on one another. The clutch plates are therefore not pinched but retain limited freedom of movement.

Dadurch ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, durch Hinzufügung von Rahmenreihen das Traggestell in der Breiterichtung stark auszubreiten und dabei diese Reihen durch je über die ganze Breite des Gestells erstreckende Kupplungsplatten zu verbinden. Auch wenn zufolge einer oft nicht zu vermeidenden einigermassen ungleichmässigen Tragfläche für das Gestell auf dem Tunnelofenwagen die Rahmen trotz ihrer gegenseitig gleichen Höhenmassen nicht genau auf der gleichen Höhe liegen, können die langen, sich z. B. über die ganze Breite des Tunnelofenwagens erstreckenden Kupplungsplatten ohne Klemmung die in der Querrichtung nebeneinander liegenden Rahmenpaare verbinden. Die Zusammensetzung des Traggestells bleibt dabei einfach.This results in the possibility of greatly expanding the supporting frame in the width direction by adding rows of frames and thereby connecting these rows by coupling plates each extending over the entire width of the frame. Even if due to an often unavoidable somewhat uneven wing for the frame on the tunnel kiln car the frames are not exactly at the same height despite their mutually equal height dimensions, the long, z. B. over the entire width of the tunnel kiln coupling plates connect without clamping the frame pairs lying in the transverse direction next to each other. The composition of the support frame remains simple.

Zur Vergrösserung der Stabilität des Zusammengesetzten Traggestells sind vorzugsweise erfindungsgemäss die Kupplungsplatten mit in den Ebenen der Rahmenseitenwände der gekuppelten Rahmen liegenden senkrechten Stegen versehen, die die Rahmen je in Querrichtung wenigstens einseitig aufschliessen. Dabei befinden sich vorzugsweise diese Stege an derselben Seite der Kupplungsplatte, wobei sie an die Löcher in dieser Platte anschliessen. Normalerweise werden bei der Zusammensetzung des Traggestells die Stege aufwärts gerichtet, sodass sie die Rahmen an der Unterseite einschliessen, während an der Oberseite der Rahmenstapel die Kupplungsplatten umgekehrt angeordnet werden können, deshalb mit den Stegen nach unten gerichtet.In order to increase the stability of the assembled support frame, the coupling plates are preferably provided according to the invention with vertical webs lying in the planes of the frame side walls of the coupled frame, each of which opens the frame at least on one side in the transverse direction. There are preferably these webs on the same side of the coupling plate, where they connect to the holes in this plate. Normally, in the composition of the support frame, the webs are directed upwards so that they enclose the frames on the underside, while on the top of the stack of frames the coupling plates can be arranged upside down, therefore with the webs pointing downwards.

Die Erfindung wird weiter erläutert an Hand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele.

  • Figur 1 ist eine Seitenansicht eines Teils eines Traggestells zum Abstützen von Wandfliesen ;
  • Figur 2 ist eine Endansicht des Traggestells der Fig. 1 ;
  • Figur 3 ist eine Aufsicht einer Kupplungsplatte des Traggestells der Fig. 1 und 2 ;
  • Figur 4 ist ein Schnitt nach der Linie IV-IV der Fig. 3 ;
  • Figur 5 ist in vergrössertem Masstabe eine Seitenansicht eines Teils von zwei aufeinander gestapelten Rahmen des Traggestells der Fig. 1 und 2, wobei die diese Rahmen verbindenden Kupplungsplatten im Schnitt dargestellt sind ;
  • Figur 6 ist ein Schnitt nach der Linie VI-VI der Fig. 5 ;
  • Figur 7 ist eine Seitenansicht eines Teils eines Traggestells zum Abstützen von Pflasterfliessen ;
  • Figur 8 ist eine Endansicht des Traggestells der Fig. 7 ; und
  • Figur 9 ist eine perspektivische Ansicht von Unterteilen des Traggestells nach einer dritten Ausführungsform.
The invention is further explained on the basis of the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of part of a support structure for supporting wall tiles;
  • Figure 2 is an end view of the support frame of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a top view of a coupling plate of the support frame of Figures 1 and 2;
  • Figure 4 is a section along the line IV-IV of Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged side view of part of two frames of the support frame of FIGS. 1 and 2 stacked one on top of the other, the coupling plates connecting these frames being shown in section;
  • Figure 6 is a section on the line VI-VI of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a side view of a portion of a paving tile support structure;
  • Figure 8 is an end view of the support frame of Figure 7; and
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of lower parts of the support frame according to a third embodiment.

Das Traggestell der Figuren 1-6 ist aus losen stapelbaren Rahmen 1 und diese gestapelten Rahmen verbindenden Kupplungsplatten 2 somit an den Enden des Traggestells vorgesehenen Kupplungselementen 3 und 4 zusammengesetzt. Diese Gestellelemente 1-4 sind aus einem feuerfesten keramischen Werkstoff an sich bekannter Zusammensetzung hergestellt. Das Traggestell ist mittels Stützklötze 5 aus demgleichen Werkstoff auf der Oberseite 6 eines weiter nicht dargestellten Tunnelofenwagens unterstützt, wobei in Fig. 1 das eine Ende des Traggestells dargestellt ist, das sich an der linken Seite dieser Fig. über eine willkürliche Länge weiter erstreckt. Die Rahmen 1 sind gleich ausgebildet und haben, in der Querrichtung des Traggestells gesehen, eine kleine Breite im Vergleich mit deren in der Rahmenebene gemessener Länge und Höhe. Jeder Rahmen besteht aus zwei die Rahmenseitenwände bildenden Seitenbalken 7, die an der Ober- und Unterseite durch einen Oberbalken 8 und einen Unterbalken 9 verbunden sind. Die Rahmenseitenbalken 7 sind an der Innenseite und an der Aussenseite mit in gleichen Abständen übereinander vorgesehenen Tragleisten 10 bzw. 11 versehen, die an der Oberseite unter einem kleinen Winkel schräg seitwärts und aufwärts laufen und die für die Abstützung der im Tunnelofen zu brennenden Pflasterfliesen 24 dienen (fig. 5).The support frame of FIGS. 1-6 is composed of loose stackable frames 1 and coupling plates 2 connecting these stacked frames, thus coupling elements 3 and 4 provided at the ends of the support frame. These frame elements 1-4 are made from a refractory ceramic material known per se. The support frame is supported by means of support blocks 5 made of the same material on the upper side 6 of a tunnel kiln car, not shown, in which one end of the support frame is shown in FIG. 1, which extends on the left side of this figure over an arbitrary length. The frames 1 are of identical design and, viewed in the transverse direction of the support frame, have a small width in comparison with their length and height measured in the plane of the frame. Each frame consists of two side bars 7 forming the frame side walls, which are connected at the top and bottom by an upper bar 8 and a lower bar 9. The frame side beams 7 are provided on the inside and on the outside with equally spaced support strips 10 and 11, which run obliquely sideways and upwards at a small angle at the top and which serve to support the pavement tiles 24 to be burned in the tunnel kiln (fig. 5).

Die Rahmenseitenbalken 7 setzen sich über einigen Abstand oberhalb des oberen Rahmenbalkens 8 und unterhalb des unteren Rahmenbalkens 9 fort zur Bildung von einander gleichen oberen Tragnocken 12 und unteren Tragnocken 13, wie Fig. 5 zeigt. Bei der Herstellung der Rahmen 1 wird zuerst wenigstens an einer Rahmenseite den Tragnocken eine etwas zu grösse Länge gegeben, worauf diese Nocken genau bis auf das richtige Mass nachgeschliffen werden, derart, dass das Höhenmass jedes Rahmens zwischen der Unterfläche der unteren Nocken 13 und der Oberfläche der oberen Nocken 12 gemessen genau einem bestimmten Wert entspricht. In dieser Weise werden Schrumpfunterschiede bei der Herstellung der Rahmen ausgeglichen und können beim Stapeln der Rahmen keine bedeutenden Höhenunterschiede zwischen nebeneinanderliegenden Rahmenstapein auftreten.The frame side beams 7 continue for some distance above the upper frame beam 8 and below the lower frame beam 9 to form the same upper support cams 12 and lower support cams 13, as shown in FIG. 5. In the manufacture of the frames 1, the support cams are first given a somewhat too large length at least on one side of the frame, whereupon these cams are sharpened exactly to the correct extent, such that the height dimension of each frame between the lower surface of the lower cams 13 and the surface the upper cam 12 measured corresponds exactly to a certain value. In this way, differences in shrinkage are compensated for in the manufacture of the frames and no significant differences in height between stacked frames can occur when the frames are stacked.

Wie aus den Fig. 1 und 2 ersichtlicht ist werden beim Zusammensetzen des Traggestells jeweils eine Anzahl z. B. vier oder mehr Rahmen 1 mit ihren Nocken 12 und 13 aufeinander gestapelt und werden diese Rahmenstapel in Längsreihen willkürlicher, durch die Abmessungen des Tunnelofenwagens bestimmter Länge angeordnet, wobei der Abstand zwischen zwei Rahmenstapeln einer selben Längsreihe der lichten Breite der Rahmenöffnungen entspricht, so dass auch auf die auswärts gekehrten Auflageleisten 11 zweier aufeinanderfolgender Rahmen Fliesen 24 abgestützt werden können. Wie in Fig. 2 ersichtlicht ist, sind bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform die Rahmenstapel in vier nebeneinanderliegenden Längsreihen angeordnet, derart, dass in Querrichtung je zwei nebeneinanderliegende durch einen schmalen Spalt 14 getrennte Rahmen 1 ein Rahmenpaar bilden, das eine senkrechte Reihe von Fliesen 24 trägt, während dieses Rahmenpaar durch eine Mittelöffnung 15 grösserer Breite von einem zweiten Rahmenpaar für die Abstützung einer zweiten senkrechten Fliesenreihe getrennt ist. Die Spalten 14 beförderen eine gute Zirkulation der heissen Luft längs der Fliesen wenn diese im Tunnelofen gebrennt werden. Für den Fall dass die Breite des Tunnelofenwagens solches zulässt können selbstverständlich noch weitere Längsreihen von gestapelten Rahmen 1 nebeneinander auf den Wagen gestellt werden.As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, a number of z. B. four or more frames 1 with their cams 12 and 13 stacked on top of each other and these frame stacks are arranged in longitudinal rows more arbitrarily, determined by the dimensions of the tunnel kiln car, the distance between two frame stacks of the same longitudinal row corresponding to the clear width of the frame openings, so that tiles 24 can also be supported on the outwardly facing support strips 11 of two successive frames. As can be seen in FIG. 2, in the embodiment shown, the frame stacks are arranged in four adjacent longitudinal rows, such that in the transverse direction two adjacent frames 1, separated by a narrow gap 14, form a pair of frames which carries a vertical row of tiles 24, while this pair of frames is separated from a second pair of frames for supporting a second vertical row of tiles by a central opening 15 of greater width. The columns 14 promote a good circulation of the hot air along the tiles when they are burned in the tunnel kiln. In the event that the width of the tunnel kiln car permits this, further longitudinal rows of stacked frames 1 can of course be placed next to one another on the car.

Die gestapelten Rahmen 1 werden durch die Kupplungsplatten 2 in der richtigen gegenseitigen Lagen zusammengehalten. Diese Kupplungsplatten erstrecken sich über die ganze Breite des Traggestells und weisen in kurzem Abstand von ihren Seitenrändern Löcher 16 auf (Fig. 3 und 4), in die die Nocken 12 und 13 passen. Die Dicke der Kupplungsplatten 2 ist etwas kleiner als die Gesamthöhe zweier sich aufeinander abstützender Tragnocken 12, 13, so dass bei Anordnung einer Kupplungsplatte 2 zwischen zwei aufeinandergestapelten Rahmen 1, deren Nocken 12 und 13 je in einem Loch 16 stecken, die Kupplungsplatte sich auf den oberen Balken 8 des unteren Rahmens 1 abstützt aber vom unteren Balken 9 des oberen Rahmens 1 frei liegt (Fig. 5). Die Kupplungsplatte 2 hält in dieser Weise die Tragnocken 12 und 13 unverschiebbar zusammen aber beeinflüsst nicht die Gesamthöhe des Stapelung. Hingegen hat die Kupplungsplatte 2 noch eine genügende Bewegungsfreiheit von der waagerechten Lage abzuweichen, z. B. wenn durch eine unregelmässige Tragfläche für das Traggestell die Stapelhöhe eines nächstliegenden Rahmenstapels einigermassen verschieden wäre. In der Kupplungsplatte 2 sind paarweise insgesamt acht Löcher 16 vorgesehen derart, dass die Kupplungsplatte insgesamt sechzehn je zwei und zwei aufeinander gestapelte Rahmen 1 von vier sich nebeinander erstreckenden Längsreihen verbinden kann. Mittels der in dieser Weise zwischen den gestapelten Rahmen 1 angeordneten und die in der Längsrichtung und Querrichtung des Traggestells nebeneinander aufgestellten Rahmenstapel verbindenden Kupplungsplatten 2 kann das Traggestell der oben beschriebenen Ausbildung in einfacher Weise zusammengesetzt werden. Die unteren Kupplungsplatten 2 stützen sich dabei auf die Stützklötze 5, die an ihrer Oberseite mit ähnlichen senkrechten Nocken 12' versehen sind als die Rahmen 1 (Fig.2). Die obersten Kupplungsplatten 2 nehmen selbstverständlich nur die Nocken 12 der obersten Rahmen 1 auf. Am Ende der Reihe sind Kupplungselemente 3 verwendet, die nur eine Reihe von Löchern 16 haben und die dadurch erhalten werden, dass eine Kupplungsplatte nach der gestrichelten Linie 17 der Fig.3 durchgeschnitten wird. Der übrigbleibende Teil bildet ein Kupplungselement 4, das auf die Stützklötze 5 am Ende der Reihe gelegt ist.The stacked frames 1 are held together by the coupling plates 2 in the correct mutual positions. These coupling plates extend over the entire width of the support frame and have holes 16 at a short distance from their side edges (FIGS. 3 and 4) into which the cams 12 and 13 fit. The thickness of the clutch plates 2 is slightly less than the total height of two supporting cams 12, 13 which are supported on one another, so that when a clutch plate 2 is arranged between two stacked frames 1, the cams 12 and 13 of which are each in a hole 16, the clutch plate rests on the but the upper bar 8 of the lower frame 1 is supported by the lower bar 9 of the upper frame 1 is exposed (Fig. 5). The coupling plate 2 in this way holds the support cams 12 and 13 together in a non-displaceable manner but does not influence the overall height of the stack. In contrast, the clutch plate 2 still has sufficient freedom of movement to deviate from the horizontal position, for. B. if the stack height of an adjacent frame stack would be somewhat different due to an irregular supporting surface for the supporting frame. A total of eight holes 16 are provided in pairs in the coupling plate 2 such that the coupling plate can connect a total of sixteen two and two stacked frames 1 of four longitudinal rows extending next to one another. By means of the coupling plates 2 arranged in this way between the stacked frames 1 and connecting the frame stacks set up next to one another in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the support frame, the support frame of the design described above can be assembled in a simple manner. The lower clutch plates 2 are supported on the support blocks 5, which are provided on their top with similar vertical cams 12 'as the frame 1 (Fig.2). The uppermost clutch plates 2 naturally only take up the cams 12 of the uppermost frames 1. At the end of the row, coupling elements 3 are used, which have only one row of holes 16 and which are obtained by cutting through a coupling plate according to the dashed line 17 in FIG. The remaining part forms a coupling element 4, which is placed on the support blocks 5 at the end of the row.

Die Kupplungsplatten 2 sind weiter mit hochstehenden flachen Stegen 18 und 19 versehen, die an die länglichen Löcher 16 anschliessen und eine seitliche Abstützung für die senkrechten Rahmenseitenbalken 7 der Rahmen 1 bilden. Die Stege 18 befinden sich an den beiden Enden der Kupplungsplatte 2 und stützen die beiden äusseren Rahmen der beiden in Querrichtung nebeneinander liegenden Rahmenpaare, während der mitteiste Steg 19 sich durch die Öffnung 15 erstreckt und die beiden inneren Rahmen dieser Rahmenpaare abstützt. Die obersten Kupplungsplatten 2 des zusammengesetzten Traggestells sind umgekehrt, also mit ihrem Stegen 18 und 19 nach unten gerichtet, aufgesetzt.The coupling plates 2 are further provided with upstanding flat webs 18 and 19 which connect to the elongated holes 16 and form a lateral support for the vertical frame side bars 7 of the frame 1. The webs 18 are located at the two ends of the coupling plate 2 and support the two outer frames of the two pairs of frames lying next to one another in the transverse direction, while the central web 19 extends through the opening 15 and supports the two inner frames of these pairs of frames. The uppermost coupling plates 2 of the assembled support frame are reversed, that is, with their webs 18 and 19 directed downwards.

In den Kupplungsplatten 2 sind noch Ventilationslöcher 20 vorgesehen.Ventilation holes 20 are also provided in the clutch plates 2.

Die Stege 18 und 19 vergrössern die Stabilität des Traggestells. Wenn erwünscht kann noch eine weitere Versteifung dadurch erhalten werden, dass in die Spalte 14 zwischen den Seitenbalken jedes Rahmenpaares ein Passkeil 21 eingesetzt wird, wie in Fig. 2 an einer Stelle gezeichnet wurde. Die Rahmenbalken 7 und die Passkeile 21 sind dazu mit in einander greifenden Vorsprüngen 22 und Aussparungen 23 versehen, die die Passkeile 21 in ihrer Lage festhalten (vgl. auch Fig.6).The webs 18 and 19 increase the stability of the support frame. If desired, a further stiffening can be obtained by inserting a fitting wedge 21 into the column 14 between the side beams of each pair of frames, as was drawn at one point in FIG. 2. For this purpose, the frame beams 7 and the fitting wedges 21 are provided with interlocking projections 22 and recesses 23 which hold the fitting wedges 21 in their position (cf. also FIG. 6).

Selbstverständlich ist es unter bestimmten Umständen möglich statt der Verwendung je zweier in Querrichtung dicht aneinander aufgestellten Rahmen 1 zum Abstützen der Fliesen, diese beiden Rahmen durch einen einzigen breiteren Rahmen zu ersetzen, dessen Breite der Tiefenabmessung der abzustützenden Fliesen oder sonstiger Gegenstände entspricht. Ein solcher Rahmen kann dann z. B. eine Breite haben, die gleich der oder etwas kleiner ist als der Gesamtbreite eines in Querrichtung liegenden Rahmenpaars mit der zwischen dessen Rahmen vorgesehenen Spalte 14.Of course, under certain circumstances it is possible to replace these two frames with a single, wider frame, the width of which corresponds to the depth dimension of the tiles to be supported or other objects, instead of using two frames 1 which are set up closely to one another in the transverse direction for supporting the tiles. Such a frame can then z. B. have a width that is equal to or slightly less than the total width of a transverse frame pair with the column 14 provided between the frame.

Die Fig. 7 und 8 zeigen eine Ausführungsform eines Traggestells zum Abstützen von zu brennenden keramischen Pflasterfliesen oder Ziegeln grösserer Abmessung als die Wandfliesen 24 im Traggestell der Fig. 1-6. Solche Pflasterfliesen enthalten im allgemeinen zur Erzielung einer grösseren Dichte auch einen grösseren Glassgehalt und werden einmal gebrennt, bei dem sie über ihre ganze Oberfläche durch gerippte Tragplatten 25 unterstützt werden sollen damit die Fliesen nicht durchhängen.7 and 8 show an embodiment of a support frame for supporting ceramic paving tiles or bricks of larger size to be fired than the wall tiles 24 in the support frame of FIGS. 1-6. Such paving tiles generally contain a larger glass content to achieve a higher density and are fired once, in which they are to be supported over their entire surface by ribbed support plates 25 so that the tiles do not sag.

Das Traggestell der Fig. 7 und 8 hat wesentlich denselben Aufbau als das zuerst beschriebene Traggestell der Fig. 1-6 und besteht wieder aus Rahmen 1 und Kupplungsplatten 2. Die senkrechten Seitenbalken 7 der Rahmen 1 haben in diesem Fall beidseitig vorstehende verhältnismässig kurze Tragleisten 26, 27 mit waagerechten Oberseiten und schrägen Ecken, auf welche Tragleisten die Fliesentragplatten 25 für die zu brennenden Pflasterfliesen 28 ruhen. Wie aus Fig. 8 ersichtig ist werden - in Querrichtung des zusammengesetzten Traggestells gesehen - die Fliesentragplatten 25 von zwei in verhältnismässig grossem Abstand von einander liegenden Rahmen 1 unterstützt, wobei die Tragplatten noch beidseitig dieses Rahmenpaares ausragen. Es können wieder vier oder mehr paarweise angeordnete Längsreihen von gestapelten Rahmen 1 nebeneinander auf einen in Fig. 8 nicht angegebenen Tunnelofenwagen aufgestellt und in entsprechender Weise wie oben beschrieben mittels sich über die ganze Breite des Traggestells erstreckender Kupplungsplatten 2 verbunden werden. Die Kupplungsplatten weisen wieder Löcher 16 auf, in die die Tragnocken 12 und 13 der aufeinander gestapelten Rahmen 1 passen. In diesem Fall sind die Kupplungsplatten 2 mit senkrechten Stegen 29 versehen, die sich zur Verbesserung der Querstabilität des Traggestells zwischen zwei Rahmen 1 eines die selben Fliesentragplatten 25 unterstützenden Rahmenpaar erstrecken. Selbstverständlich ist es wenn erwünscht möglich, zudem noch derartige Stützstege als die Stege 18 und 19 der Kuppiungsplatte 2 der Fig. 3 zu verwenden.7 and 8 has essentially the same structure as the first described support frame of FIGS. 1-6 and again consists of frame 1 and coupling plates 2. The vertical side beams 7 of frame 1 in this case have relatively short support strips 26 protruding on both sides , 27 with horizontal tops and oblique corners, on which support strips the tile support plates 25 for the paving tiles 28 to be fired rest. As can be seen from FIG. 8, as seen in the transverse direction of the assembled support frame, the tile support plates 25 are supported by two frames 1 located at a relatively large distance from one another, the support plates still protruding from this pair of frames on both sides. Again, four or more pairs of longitudinal rows of stacked frames 1 can be placed side by side on a tunnel kiln car not shown in FIG. 8 and connected in a corresponding manner as described above by means of coupling plates 2 extending over the entire width of the supporting frame. The coupling plates again have holes 16 into which the support cams 12 and 13 of the frames 1 stacked on one another fit. In this case, the coupling plates 2 are provided with vertical webs 29 which extend between two frames 1 of a pair of frames supporting the same tile supporting plates 25 in order to improve the transverse stability of the supporting frame. Of course, if desired, it is also possible to use support webs of this type as the webs 18 and 19 of the coupling plate 2 in FIG. 3.

In bestimmten Fällen ist es üblich, z. B. längliche Wandfliesen nicht in vier sondern in drei Stellen zu unterstützen und zwar an den beiden langen Seiten und an einer kurzen Stirnseite. Für einen solchen Fall kann eine Traggestellausbildung verwendet werden, die aus den in Fig. dargestellten Unterteilen aufgebaut ist. Dieses Traggestell hat wieder eine Anzahl Längsreihen von Rahmen 1, die die gleiche Ausbildung als die oben beschriebenen Rahmen 1 haben und deshalb wieder mit oberen und unteren Tragnocken 12 und 13 und mit inneren und äusseren waagerechten Tragleisten 10 und 11 (von denen nur einige gezeichnet sind) versehen sind. Die Rahmen 1 einer selben Längsreihe sind weiter wieder in einem Abstand von einander gleich der lichten Weite jedes Rahmens angeordnet. Die Rahmen 1 von z. B. zwei (oder mehr) Längsreihen sind durch Kupplungsplatten 30 verbunden, die mit den oben beschriebenenen Kupplungsplatten 30 verbunden, die mit den oben beschriebenen Kupplungsplatten 2 vergleichbar sind und schlitzförmige Löcher 16 zum Aufnehmen der Nocken 12 und 13 der aufeinander gestapelten Rahmen 1 aufweisen in ähnliger Weise wie oben beschrieben. Zwischen zwei neben einander liegenden Längsreihen von Rahmen 1 ist eine Reihe von Tragelementen 31 angeordnet, die quer auf die Rahmen 1 gerichtet sind und deren senkrechte Seitenwände mit seitlich vorstehenden waagerechten Tragleisten 32 versehen sind, die die selbe Form als die Tragleisten 10 und 11 der Rahmen 1 aufweisen. Diese Tragelemente 31 haben weiter an der Oberseite Tragnocken 33 und an der Unterseite Tragnocken 34, die mit den Tragnocken 12 und 13 der Rahmen 1 vergleichbar sind. In der Längsrichtung der Rahmenreihen betrachtet befindet sich jedes Tragelement 31 in der Mitte zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden senkrechten Seitenwänden 7 der beiden Reihen von Rahmen 1 derart, dass die abzustützenden länglichen Wandfliesen 35 in der gezeichneten Weise in drei Stellen unterstützt werden und zwar an ihren beiden langen Seiten mittels der Tragleisten 10 oder 11 der betreffenden Rahmenseitenwänden 7 und an einer kurzen Stirnseite mittels einer Tragleiste 32 des betreffenden Tragelementes 31. Die Tragelemente 31 können, wie die Rahmen 1, senkrecht gestapelt werden und die Elemente werden dabei durch Schlitzlöcher 36 und 36' festgehalten, die quer zu den Schlitzlöchern 16 in den Kupplungsplatten 30 vorgesehen sind und die Tragnocken 33 und 34 zweier sich aufeinander abstützender Tragelemente 31 aufnehmen können. Die Schlitzlöcher 36', die die in Querrichtung des Traggestells zwischen zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Rahmen 1 liegenden Tragelemente 31 halten sollen, sind in einem trapezförmigen seitlich vorstehenden Teil 37 der Kupplungsplatten 30 gebildet welcher vorstehende Teil 37 in eine entsprechende Aussparung 38 im gegenüberliegenden Seitenrand der nächsten Kupplungsplatte 30 hineinsteckt und mit einem nach oben abgekröpfen Randteil 39 diese nächste Kupplungsplatte übergreift und sich darauf stützt. In dieser Weise veranlassen die Kupplungsplatten 30 auch hier, dass die aufeinander gestapelten Rahmen 1 und Tragelemente 31 stabil zusammengehalten werden. Wenn die Tragelemente 31 in der Querrichtung des Traggestells eine kleine Breite aufweisen, können sie auch massif ausgebildet sein, so dass dann die in Fig. gezeichnete Rahmenöffnung dieser Elemente ausfällt.In certain cases it is common e.g. B. not support elongated wall tiles in four but in three places on the two long sides and on a short end. In such a case, a support structure can be used, which is built up from the lower parts shown in FIG is. This support frame again has a number of longitudinal rows of frame 1, which have the same design as the frame 1 described above and therefore again with upper and lower support cams 12 and 13 and with inner and outer horizontal support strips 10 and 11 (only a few of which are shown ) are provided. The frames 1 of the same longitudinal row are again arranged at a distance from one another equal to the clear width of each frame. The frame 1 of z. B. two (or more) longitudinal rows are connected by coupling plates 30, which are connected to the coupling plates 30 described above, which are comparable to the coupling plates 2 described above and have slot-shaped holes 16 for receiving the cams 12 and 13 of the stacked frames 1 in similar to that described above. Between two adjacent longitudinal rows of frames 1, a series of support elements 31 is arranged, which are directed transversely to the frame 1 and whose vertical side walls are provided with laterally projecting horizontal support strips 32, which have the same shape as the support strips 10 and 11 of the frame 1 have. These support elements 31 also have support cams 33 on the upper side and support cams 34 on the underside, which are comparable to the support cams 12 and 13 of the frame 1. Viewed in the longitudinal direction of the rows of frames, each support element 31 is located in the middle between two successive vertical side walls 7 of the two rows of frames 1 in such a way that the elongated wall tiles 35 to be supported are supported in three places in the manner shown, namely on their two long sides by means of the support strips 10 or 11 of the frame side walls 7 in question and on a short end face by means of a support strip 32 of the support element 31 in question. The support elements 31, like the frames 1, can be stacked vertically and the elements are held in place by slot holes 36 and 36 ', which are provided transversely to the slotted holes 16 in the coupling plates 30 and can accommodate the support cams 33 and 34 of two supporting elements 31 which are supported on one another. The slotted holes 36 ', which are intended to hold the support elements 31 lying in the transverse direction of the support frame between two mutually opposite frames 1, are formed in a trapezoidal laterally projecting part 37 of the coupling plates 30, which projecting part 37 in a corresponding recess 38 in the opposite side edge of the next coupling plate 30 inserted and with an upwardly bent edge part 39 engages over this next coupling plate and is supported on it. In this way, the coupling plates 30 also cause the frames 1 and supporting elements 31 stacked on one another to be held together in a stable manner. If the support elements 31 have a small width in the transverse direction of the support frame, they can also be solid, so that the frame opening of these elements shown in FIG.

Claims (12)

1. A support made of ceramic material formed from components, for supporting ceramic tiles and similar articles for firing in a kiln, provided with a number of stackable rectangular frames (1) whose vertical lateral walls (7) on the inside and outside have projecting horizontal seating shoulders (10, 11) or similar projecting support elements, and with horizontally extending coupling plates (2 ; 30) which detachably connect in each case a pair of frames placed on top of one another together at one end and simultaneously detachably connect to a stacked pair of frames following at a distance preferably equal to that of the inner width of the frames in the longitudinal direction of the support, thus to at least one aggregate of two stacked vertical pairs of frames adjacent thereto at a distance in the tranverse direction of the support, each frame (1) on the underside and on the upper side having vertically projecting bearing cams (12, 13), by means of which the stacked frames are supported on one another, and each coupling plate (2) being arranged between the frames of each stacked pair of frames to be coupled by means of this plate and close to its lateral edges being provided with apertures (16), which receive in an appropriate manner respectively two bearing cams supporting one another (12,13), the thickness of the coupling plate (2 ; 30) being less than the full height of two bearing cams supported on one another.
2. A support according to claim 1, characterised in that the bearing cams (12, 13) form extensions of the lateral frame walls (7).
3. A support according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the coupling plates (2) are provided with vertical webs (18, 19 ; 29) lying in the planes of the lateral frame walls (7) of the coupled frames (1), and which develop respectively the frames in a transverse direction on at least one side.
4. A support according to claim 3, characterised in that the webs (18, 19 ; 29) are disposed on the same side of the coupling plate (2) and abut against the apertures (16) in this plate.
5. A support according to claim 4, characterised in that the frames (1) in a transverse direction have a small width in comparison with the length and height thereof measured in the frame plane and that two frames disposed adjacent one another form respectively a transverse pair of frames for the common support of tiles (24) inserted or tile support plates (25), the coupling plates (2) connecting in each case at least four of such stacked transverse pairs of frames to one another.
6. A support according to claim 4 or 5, in particular for tiles relatively small in size, characterised in that the vertical webs (18, 19) of the coupling plates (2) which border the apertures extend through the opening (15) between the transverse pairs of frames or are located on the sides of these frame pairs which are turned outwards.
7. A support according to claim 6, characterised in that the between the lateral walls (7) of the frames of each transverse frame pair a loose adjusting wedge is arranged, which is coupled to both frames by means of projections (22) and recesses (23) which engage in one another.
8. A support according to claim 4 or 5, in particular for paving tiles to be supported on tile support plates, characterised in that between the lateral walls (7) of the frame (1) of each transverse pair of frames a suitable vertical web (29) is fitted.
9. A support according to claim 1 or 2 for supporting wall tiles or similar articles at three support points, characterised in that between two adjacent longitudinal rows of stacked frames (1) a row of additional vertical support elements (31) is arranged, which, seen from the said longitudinal direction, disposed between two successive vertical lateral frame walls (7) and on their vertical walls have seating shoulders (32) between these lateral frame walls turned towards the opening for supporting an end edge of a tile (35), which support elements (31) are also stacked vertically and provided with bearing cams (33, 34) which engage in apertures (36, 36') of the coupling plates (30) and which are supported on one another.
10. A support according to claim 9, characterised in that the coupling plates (30) have on one lateral edge a laterally projecting part (37), which has the apertures for the bearing cams (33, 34) of the support elements (31) which are located in a transverse direction of the support frame between two frames (1), while the coupling plates on their other lateral edge have a recess (38), in which the projecting plate part (37) of the adjacent coupling plate fits.
11. A support according to claim 9, characterised in that the projecting coupling plate part (37) bears on the next coupling plate with an upwardly bent end edge part (39).
12. A support according to claim 9, 10 or 11, characterised in that each support element (31) is assembled in the form of a block or frame and. transversely with regard to the frames, only the vertical lateral walls of the support elements turned towards the frame rows being provided with outwardly projecting horizontal seating shoulders (32).
EP19820201312 1982-10-21 1982-10-21 Composite setter for the firing in a kiln of ceramic tiles or other similar articles Expired EP0106919B1 (en)

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DE8282201312T DE3277024D1 (en) 1982-10-21 1982-10-21 Composite setter for the firing in a kiln of ceramic tiles or other similar articles
EP19820201312 EP0106919B1 (en) 1982-10-21 1982-10-21 Composite setter for the firing in a kiln of ceramic tiles or other similar articles

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EP19820201312 EP0106919B1 (en) 1982-10-21 1982-10-21 Composite setter for the firing in a kiln of ceramic tiles or other similar articles

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EP0106919A1 EP0106919A1 (en) 1984-05-02
EP0106919B1 true EP0106919B1 (en) 1987-08-19

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2179127A (en) * 1985-07-05 1987-02-25 Acme Marls Ltd Kiln cars
FR2608262B1 (en) * 1986-12-15 1990-04-27 Coudamy Sa Thermique Indle DEVICE FOR LOADING OVEN BY ASSEMBLING CERAMIC RACK SUPPORTS SUPPORTING PLATES VIA AN ARM LOADER
CA2218518C (en) * 1995-05-05 2002-10-01 Saint-Gobain Industrial Ceramics, Inc. Slip free vertical rack design

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1841641A (en) * 1929-08-12 1932-01-19 American Encaustic Tiling Comp Tile setter
US2897571A (en) * 1955-11-07 1959-08-04 Ferro Corp Tile setter
DE1196565B (en) * 1961-02-06 1965-07-08 Ceramica Adriatica S P A Soc Device for supporting tiles in a kiln
DE1508489A1 (en) * 1966-12-06 1970-03-12 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Device for supporting ceramic items to be fired
US3660886A (en) * 1969-02-20 1972-05-09 Ginori Ceramica Ital Spa Method of making firing setters for tiles and other ceramic articles
GB1499662A (en) * 1974-04-02 1978-02-01 Acme Marls Ltd Support assembly for supporting pottery articles
NL7612685A (en) * 1976-11-15 1978-05-17 Koninkl Sphinx Nv RACK FOR SUPPORTING TILES TO BE SUBJECTED TO GLAZE.
US4184841A (en) * 1978-03-01 1980-01-22 Allied Insulators, Limited Kiln furniture, particularly crank structures

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DE3277024D1 (en) 1987-09-24
EP0106919A1 (en) 1984-05-02

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