EP0687775B1 - Protection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The device comprises columns (3), each consisting of a post (13) and a locating component (15), and for force transmission are connected with the floor (BD) by a screw construction. On each column is fitted at least one connecting component (11), and these connecting components support a board (5), holding it on the column head against such forces which in a collision act to raise the plank from the column head. The connecting components are filled with a friction fit on the posts and when the clamping holding force producing the friction fit is exceeded a relative movement of the connecting components as far as a stop on the post can take place. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a protective device, in particular Impact protection device according to the preamble of claim 1.

A protective device, preferably in the industrial sector can be used, has the goal of building buildings or industrial plants against unwanted application of force delimit by industrial vehicles or the like or to protect.

For reasons of space, however, it is necessary that the In the event of an impact, the deformation path of the Protective device to a minimum, so that the protective devices close to the industrial plants to be protected can be positioned. Based on these Default, only have a small deformation path To be allowed, such must be usable in the industrial sector Protection devices will be able to contribute larger energies to destroy relatively little deformation or the application of force to be able to discharge into the ground in a controlled manner.

Limiting devices or passive control devices are for example in road construction in the form of guardrail devices known. Such guardrail devices are usually designed so that the vehicle, especially the person inside is and only secondarily behind the guardrail device located space. So that Guardrail device can perform this protective function in the event of an impact, the kinetic energy of the vehicle converted into a deformation of the guardrail device, in particular a large deformation path of the guardrail secure interception of the vehicle.

So that the function of the known guardrail devices is ensured, they are equipped with predetermined breaking points, the stripping of the guardrail on impact from which it enables supporting posts. Furthermore are the posts used in road construction are designed to be relatively soft, since they usually have no interception function.

Therefore, known guardrail devices cannot be considered Protective devices are used in the industrial sector, although they are made in large numbers, so that cheap standard parts or components with sophisticated Technology are commercially available.

From document US-A-3822863 is one Protection device known that the characteristics of The preamble of claim 1 contains, namely a Device that has at least one stand over the stand head is a plank. The stand has flat driver plates protruding to the side, which makes driving into the ground easier.

A protective device is known from EP-A-0216718 known, each consisting of a plurality of stands have a post and a support element, which are used to transmit power via a Screw construction are connected to the floor. On each stand has at least one connecting element attached, which supports the plank. The Connection element only serves to improve To allow the plank to be attached to the stand.

DE-A-2007385 is a guardrail arrangement known, which is a connecting element for connecting the Plank shows with the stand. The connecting element is used to tilt the connecting element with the stand to cause the Avoid guardrail. With the object according to DE-A-2007385 it is also essential that the The connecting element does not form-fit the post embraces.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to To create a protective device for road construction known components on a large scale in the same or somewhat modified form can be used and the but still perform the protective function sufficiently.

This object is achieved with the features of patent claim 1 solved.

The protective device according to the invention has a plurality of stands, each consisting of a footplate and one on it attached posts are formed, and has a Plank on. These components forming the protective device are well known in road construction and can therefore unchanged and adapted dimensioned for the invention Protective device can be used. According to the invention is the plank with a connecting element connected to the stand and thus supported. The peculiarity the protective device according to the invention now exists in that it has no predetermined breaking points and thus holds down the plank by means of the connecting element. In order to it is guaranteed that a stripping of the plank from Stand is prevented.

In that the stand from a post and a support element there is a self-standing component, that facilitates the construction of the protective device. The support element fixed to the floor with a screw construction forms a full frictional connection with the floor, which absorbs shear forces parallel to the ground. The fact that the Stand connected to the floor by a screw construction is achieved that the positioning of the Protective device can be handled flexibly, in particular if several cover a certain area like a network Anchors, in particular precast anchors embedded in the floor are. To remodel the protective device too protective area only the screw construction be solved so that the protective device implemented can be. With this flexible handling of the protective device it is guaranteed that especially in industrial use when redesigning the production facilities or area to be protected, easy adjustment. Due to the ability of this flexible anchoring the protective device is simple on the one hand Way a determinable by the quality of the screw construction achieved rigid connection with the ground and on the other hand can protect the device in case of deformation can be easily replaced after an impact. In particular, the section modulus of the post matched to the quality of the screw construction achieved that in the event of an impact on the protective device the post can deform in the direction of force without the Screw construction is overstressed.

Since the individual components of the protective device on each other are coordinated and work together as a whole achieves that the loads of force occurring in industrial use separation of the protective device Components can not bring. To this Way is achieved that the protective device after a Impact only has a small deformation path.

The protection device can take into account the expected deformation path directly and close to save space be attached to the industrial plants or the like.

The use of the connector holding down the plank allows conventional in large quantities modified guardrail devices so that the deformation path to an acceptable one for the industrial sector Value decreases.

The fact that the connecting element with Friction is attached to the post, the advantage is achieved that when the caused by the frictional engagement is exceeded Clamping force a relative movement of the connecting element up to one provided on the post Stop can be done. Hereby is deliberately brought about Relative movement of the connecting element Type of buffer area in the resistance moment of the protective device provided overuse of the Connection of protective device maintaining components as well as weakening their connections or not allows. The fact that a plank on several stands supports, occurs particularly when the post is folded down Tension within the plank on that of the application of force counteracts. In particular, in that the connecting element a relative movement up to a stop is allowed, the protective device becomes a kind of elasticity approved that overuse of the connecting structures protective devices in particular avoided in the event of an impact. Is the strength of the impact like this great that the connecting element up to the relative movement executes the stop provided on the post Another positive connection is established, through which the force can be introduced through the post into the ground.

Furthermore, since the plank with the stand via a connecting element is connected with friction, there is an overall construction, the one in the connector initiated force application below one by the Friction-related clamping holding force is rigid. The rigidity the overall construction is usually designed that a force exerted by people is it by leaning against it or by sitting on it, a deformation the overall construction of the protective device cannot be brought about is.

Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of subclaims

The advantageous development of the protective device according to Claim 2 enables in a simple manner that in the event of an impact the connecting element a tilting movement by one in horizontal axis of rotation, because it is rotatable on a fastener on Stand is attached. This prevents that the connecting element twists in itself upon impact and may break due to twisting.

To when using a conventional guardrail device the force application of the plank to the connecting element to ensure it is advantageous according to claim 3, to equip the plank with a stiffening device. With Such a stiffening device ensures that the application of force to the plank from the location of the Is independent and therefore controlled is transferable to the connecting element or stand. The deformation of the plank profile is caused by the stiffening device reduced.

The plank according to claim 4 has a C-profile the stand or post is put on, so takes place one a commonly used plank use, the other a protective measure on the head side of the stand is thus brought about. The protective device according to the invention has so no protruding protrusions causing injuries on so that with this measure in a simple way industrial protection regulations can be met and meets the requirements for an attractive industrial design can be.

The stiffener follows the contour of the C-profile Plank according to claim 5, wherein its, over the C-profile of Plank protruding ends abut the stand, so it becomes a stiffness of the plank on the stand achieved that the protection device an additional dimensional stability mediated. Is further according to claim 6 in the space between the stiffener and the Stand introduced at least one spacer, so so that the side flanges of the C-profile are additional supported, so that another possible measure to Dimensional stability of the plank is given.

The development according to claim 7 includes the advantage that standard semifinished products with I-profile are used can, while the flanges when attaching the Connecting element on its connecting web as stops of the attached connecting element can function. Elaborate, Stops that can be retrofitted in part on Stand, for example, as a square hollow profile is therefore not required.

About the ratio of those running in the longitudinal direction of the stand Side length component of the connector to the smallest distance SP between connecting element 11 and Stop AN can advantageously according to claim 8 the path of the relative movement can be controlled.

Is the connecting element according to claim 9 with an L-profile designed, in turn, on commercial, simple mountable semi-finished products can be used a minimum dimension is still a controlled one Ensure power transmission. Assign such fasteners at least one through hole on each leg on, so the connecting element by means of screws or. Simple rivet connections with the stand or be positively connected to the plank. are the through holes of the connecting element according to claim 10 designed as an elongated hole, so there is the possibility of uneven floors or height differences or dislocations between the stand and the attachment point on the Level plank.

According to claim 11, the support element is preferably as Base plate designed, so a good surface pressure can be achieved which is an advantageous force transmission into the ground includes. Furthermore, if the footplate with at least a through hole is equipped, a commercially available Precast anchor used in the Floor can be embedded and by means of a through hole penetrating screw construction with the footplate is engaged, the footplate can hold. The points of attack of the screws of the screw construction can be positioned on the base plate so that the Leverage with a lever arm located between the Screws and the tipping point of the footplate forms, both grip and power transmission to the ground supported.

The fasteners used by the protection device can be part of a detachable connection in the form of a Screw and bolt connection or part of an unsolvable Connection in the form of a riveted connection according to claim 12 his. This in turn is based on commercially available fasteners resorted to so that in the protection device used connections accomplished in a simple manner can be.

If, according to claim 13, the post is provided with a section modulus greater than W _x = 50 * 10 ³ mm ³ , preferably greater than W _x = 80 * 10 ³ mm ³ , in particular W _x = 89.9 * 10 ³ mm ³ , then deformed the post initially collides with a vehicle normally used in the industrial sector and thus reduces the forces acting on the screw construction. The interaction of all the components forming the protective device enables the force introduction into the ground to be carried out in a controlled manner.

According to claim 14, the precast anchor by an adhesive anchor formed, especially in the case of the Industrial floors occurring soft soils force-transmitting connection established.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht einer Schutzvorrichtung im montierten Zustand;

Fig. 2

eine Vorderansicht der Schutzvorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine von unten , in Längsrichtung der Planke betrachtete Ansicht einer Schutzvorrichtung vor der Kraftbeaufschlagung;

Fig. 4

eine von unten, in Längsrichtung der Planke betrachtete Ansicht der Schutzvorrichtung nach der Kraftbeaufschlagung;

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Verbindungselements.

Further details, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the drawing. It shows:

Fig. 1

a side view of a protective device in the assembled state;

Fig. 2

a front view of the protective device of FIG. 1;

Fig. 3

a view from below, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the plank, of a protective device before the application of force;

Fig. 4

a view from below, in the longitudinal direction of the plank, of the protective device after the application of force;

Fig. 5

a perspective view of a connecting element.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the protection device 1 according to the invention on a stand 3, on which a plank 5 is attached. The plank 5 is as Semi-finished product designed with C-profile, which over the head of the Stand 3 is put over. To increase the dimensional stability is the plank 5 with a preferably the contour of Plank 5 following stiffener 7 on the inside provided that abut at points A on the stand 3 is present. There are also between the stiffening device 7 and the stand 3 spacer 9, which the Plank 5 an additional increase by support on stand 3 convey the dimensional stability. The stiffener 7 is, for example, at points B by means of fasteners in the form of screws or riveted joints connected to the plank 5. The plank 5 is invented via a connecting element 11, for example attached to stand 3 with L-profile. Preferably that can Connecting element 11 at point C with the stand 3 with a Fastening element in the form of a screw or rivet connection be connected. The fastener is here arranged so that it is substantially parallel to Longitudinal direction of the plank is aligned to a substantially horizontal, directed in the longitudinal direction of the plank Train axis of rotation. If necessary, you can if necessary two connecting elements, as shown in Fig. 2, be attached to both sides of the stand 3, that rotate around the same axis of rotation.

In addition, the connecting element 11 with the stand 3 connected so that a distance SP between the connecting element 11 and the stand 3 is present. Besides, will the connecting element preferably at points D directly with the plank 5 or, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, over the stiffening device 7 is connected to the plank 5.

The stand 3 in turn can preferably from a post 13 be formed in the form of a semi-finished product with an I-profile, the on a support element 15, preferably in the form of a Base plate 17 is attachable. The attachment can on the one hand by means of a detachable connection in the form of screw connections, which by means of a not explained Intermediate piece cooperates with the post 13 and the base plate 17, and secondly by means of welding be accomplished. The foot plate 17 can have fasteners 19 with a commercially available, in the ground BD embedded precast anchor 21, for example in the form one from an anchor rod or a threaded sleeve formed adhesive anchors, non-positively to initiate the forces acting on the post 13 are connected to the bottom BD become. It also offers a protection device coordinated precast anchors the possibility of the protective device with frequently found in the industrial sector, to connect relatively soft soils.

To stiffen the box section can preferably between additional stiffening elements are provided for the posts become.

3 and 4, the mode of operation of the invention Protective device can be clarified. The figures 3 and 4 represent a perspective view of FIG Protection device before and after the application of force, as determined by the tests that follow the invention have been.

For example, the plank 5 of the protective device a direction as shown in Fig. 3 with arrow P with Force is applied via the shock system contacts A transfer the force to the stand 3. Is the section modulus of the stator 3 less than the application of force, so the stand 3 begins in the direction of the application of force to give in. By giving in the stand a tensile stress occurs in the attached to other stands Plank on. This tensile stress acts on the force opposite. It is also the force application generated tensile stress greater than that by the connecting element clamping force caused, so begins the connecting element attached to the attachment point C. to rotate, causing the friction between the stand and connecting element energy consumed or destroyed becomes. The connecting element performs the rotary movement until the rotating or tilting movement causing counteracting the applied force application Force caused by the tension of the plank, is no longer greater than the friction force or until that The connecting element strikes the stop AN on the stand. After the connecting element struck the stop is a new positive locking of the protective device is established and the force is derived from the stand.

5 shows a connecting element 11 in Form of a semi-finished product with L-profile shown. In this Representation are clearly those designed as elongated holes Through holes recognizable. The single slot on one of the legs is for rotatable attachment on Stand used, the double elongated holes, however, are for non-positive fastening of the connecting element used with the plank. The connecting element that preferably made of weldable, hot-dip galvanized steel a thickness of at least 8 mm can be produced for example with screw construction quality 5.6 or 8.8 are attached.

During the tests it turned out that in the event of a transfer the post away from the center of the footplate the best result so far with regard to the application of force is achieved on a small deformation path.

Using the examples below, the individual combinations of the essential components of the protective device should be taken into account, in particular taking into account the industrial floors that are frequently encountered in the industrial sector, e.g. concrete floors made of a concrete from group BI with a concrete strength class B25 (nominal strength β _WN = 25 [N / mm ² ]; series strength β _WS = 30 [N / mm ² ]) or from a concrete of concrete group B II with a concrete strength class B35 (nominal strength β _WN = 35 [N / mm ² ]; series strength β _WS = 40 [N / mm ² ]) .

Example 1:

A square post is used as the post, which has a section modulus of W _x = 89.9 * 10 ³ mm ³ . This post is inserted through a base plate with the dimensions 300x300x20 and welded on both sides. The base plate is fastened to the building with a concrete floor of concrete strength class B35 using four M16x55 screws of quality classes 5.6 provided in the corner areas of the base plate.

2nd example:

As example 1, but as a post a post designed as an I-beam with the code IPB-100, ie with a height of 100 mm, a width B of 100 mm, a web thickness of 6 mm, a flange thickness of 10 mm and one Commercial weight of 20.4 kg / m used, which also has a section modulus of W _x = 89.9 * 10 ³ mm ³ . This post is butt welded onto the base plate of example 1.

3rd and 4th example:

Like example 1 or 2, but in this embodiment a footplate with the dimensions 300x250x15 is used.

5th to 8th example:

These examples are carried out as examples 1 to 4, however, in this embodiment, the footplate is with M16x55 screws of quality class 8.8 attached to the structure.

9th to 16th example:

These examples are carried out as examples 1 to 8, however, instead of the sleeves, M16 anchor rods are of the quality class 5.6 provided that the footplate by means of appropriate nuts engaged with the anchor rods hold on to the structure.

17th to 24th example:

These examples are carried out as examples 1 to 8, however, instead of the sleeves anchor rods M16 Quality class 8.8 provided that the footplate by means of appropriate nuts engaged with the anchor rods hold on to the structure.

25th to 48th example:

These examples are designed like examples 1 to 24, however, instead of the adhesive anchors are already in Structure precast anchors used.

The embodiments mentioned in Examples 1 to 48 showed neither an anchor break in the tests performed another screw break. Just a deformation the base plate in the form of a bulge was found.

If the protective device according to the application is placed on a softer, Concrete floor that is often found in the industrial sector arranged with a concrete of strength class B25 and attached, so it is advantageous to put the post on a footplate preferably with the dimensions of at least 400x250x15 to attach and in addition to the four in the Corner areas of the foot plate provided screw constructions another screw construction preferably midway between the two screw constructions that the Force application must be provided. This additional Screw construction can be components of the same or less goodness than the two have adjacent screw constructions. With this additional screw construction is achieved, that it is possible on the one hand, even with softer ones So that the protective device adheres to the floor, that of adhesion to a harder floor of the strength class Corresponds to B35. Second, the tests showed that this additional, between the two screw constructions screw construction in the event of an impact under the deformation or bulging of the footplate breaks, so that only a residual energy in the side arranged screw structures is initiated. To the An example of this screw construction is an anchor in Form a sleeve with thread is advantageous because the on the Sleeve-matched screw breaks on impact, and that then simply part of the screw remaining in the sleeve can be turned out.

Furthermore, it is conceivable, for example, the connecting element to be designed as a semi-finished product with a double T profile (TT), that the connecting web of the provided with an I-profile Stands between the legs. Becomes a Square post used, this is with additional, for the restricted relative movement of the connecting element necessary stops designed. Basically can the stand or just the post of the Protection device slightly against the direction of the application of force be inclined, with the post preferably connected to the footplate by a round weld becomes. The latter harbors further bond stability yourself.

It is also conceivable to increase the height of the protective device in this way reduce the leverage caused by the stand can be reduced to a minimum. Disadvantageous but here is the fact that the protective device should have a minimum height so that the with the Protection device colliding, used in industrial use Do not drive vehicles over the guard can. A protective device with a height of approx. 650 mm is considered sufficient for industrial use.

The connecting elements can be geometrically so Form be designed that a flattening of the Stop impinging side surfaces of the connecting element could be made to make better investment contact with the stand and thus better power transmission can be brought about.

Claims (14)

1. A protection device (1), especially an impact protection device, comprising at least one base (3) on the base head of which at least one plank (5) is slipped,
   characterized in that
   said plank (5) is connected via a connecting member (11) arranged on said base (3) in a friction-tight manner to said base (3) consisting of a stay (13) and a supporting member (15) and being connected with a bottom (BD) through a screw structure in such a way that, when the clamping retention force (HK) is exceeded, a relative movement of said connecting member (11) up to a stop (AN) can be performed and said connecting member (11) retains said plank (5) on the base head even against such forces which, in the case of impact, act in accordance with a lifting of said plank (5) from said base head.
2. A protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that said connecting member (11) is pivoted to said stay (13) via a fastening element (C) so that the relative movement of said connecting member (11) is a tilting movement about a horizontal axis of rotation extending in the longitudinal direction of said plank (5).
3. A protection device according to any one of the claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said plank (5) is connected to said connecting member (11) mounted to said stay (13) through a reinforcing means (7).
4. A protection device according to any one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said plank (5) has a C-section.
5. A protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that said reinforcing means (7) follows the contour of the C-section of said plank (5) and is adjacent to said base (3) in abutting relationship (A) by its ends projecting from the C-section of said plank.
6. A protection device according to any one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one spacer (9) is introduced into the clearance between said plank (5) and said stay (13).
7. A protection device according to any one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said stay (13) has an I-section at least at its leading end at the connecting web of which said connecting member (11) is arranged.
8. A protection device according to any one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the proportion (X) of the side length component of said connecting member (11) extending in the longitudinal direction of said base to the smallest distance (SP) between said connecting member (11) and said stop (AN) preferably is 10.
9. A protection device according to any one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said connecting member (11) has an L-section including at least one through hole at each leg.
10. A protection device according to any one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one through hole of said connecting member (11) is an oblong hole.
11. A protection device according to any one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said supporting member (15) is a bearing plate (17) including at least one through bore, said bearing plate (17) being engaged with a pre-assembled anchor (21) embedded in said bottom (BD) by means of said screw structure (19) passing through the through bore.
12. A protection device according to any one of the claims 3 or 11, characterized in that said fastening element (C) is part of a detachable connection in the form of a screw or bolt joint or part of a non-detachable connection in the form of a rivet joint.
13. A protection device according to any one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the section modulus of said stay (13) is higher than W_x = 50·10³ mm³.
14. A protection device according to any one of the claims 1 to 13, characterized in that said pre-assembled anchor is an adhesive anchor.

Images