EP0653600B2 - Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Sichtliniendrehraten mit einem starren Suchkopf - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Sichtliniendrehraten mit einem starren Suchkopf Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0653600B2 EP0653600B2 EP94116112A EP94116112A EP0653600B2 EP 0653600 B2 EP0653600 B2 EP 0653600B2 EP 94116112 A EP94116112 A EP 94116112A EP 94116112 A EP94116112 A EP 94116112A EP 0653600 B2 EP0653600 B2 EP 0653600B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- missile
- virtual
- seeker head
- head
- azimuth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010041953 Staring Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
- F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
- F41G7/22—Homing guidance systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining the line of sight missile / target with a seeker head rigidly connected to the missile.
- a device for detecting targets on the ground by sensors is different Spectral ranges for low-flying aircraft are known, with a sensor on a lift-generating aircraft towed by the aircraft Missile is mounted and the sensor signals from the own movements of the missile without Use of gyroscopes can be decoupled from the aircraft by constant measurement of its position angle.
- DE 40 34 419 A1 and DE 40 07 999 C2 are missiles with a gimbal-mounted, inertially stabilized Known television camera, whose signals are directed to a monitor, from there to the missile to steer.
- US-A-5 253 823 discloses a steering processor in which a Kalman filter is used in combination with a rigid seeker head using coordinate transformations to determine the validity of the to ensure the underlying approximation.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method with the help of which together with the missile Proportional navigation can be carried out easily in a rigidly connected search head.
- the output signals of the search head rigidly connected to the missile are used, to track a gimballed and gyro-stabilized virtual seeker head.
- the virtual search head represents the mathematical model of a gimbal stored and gyro-stabilized search head in the computer. The same time with the movement of the missile Running motion simulation of the virtual seeker head enables the rotation rate of the line of sight to be determined Missile / target.
- the frame arrangement and the gyro stabilization of the virtual seeker head play no essential for the inventive method Role.
- the type of frame design and gyro stabilization are reflected in the software of the virtual Seeker head down.
- the azimuth and elevation placement angles of the target are converted into the azimuth and elevation placement angles of the virtual search head.
- the virtual search head tracks the line of sight with a time behavior of the 1st order (or higher).
- the rotation rates of the virtual result from the movements of the virtual search head calculated by software Search head in the inertial system or, in the case of earth-fixed application, in the geodetic system, which in the steering algorithm incorporated.
- the respective position angles of the are also determined from the rotation rates of the virtual search head virtual search head, i.e. its angular position in the inertial system. These are used to convert the position angle from staring at the virtual seeker head needed.
- the missile follows the steering commands, changes its position and position, and this changes the placement angle in the rigid search head. These are in turn converted into the virtual search head. With that, the loop has closed.
- a missile 1 has a search head 2 rigidly arranged therein. With s 1 the missile longitudinal axis is designated, which is also the axis of the rigid seeker head 2, and with SL the line of sight missile 1 - target Z.
- ⁇ s represents the elevation offset angle of the rigid seeker head 2, that is to say the angle between the missile longitudinal axis s 1 or the axis of the rigid seeker head 2 and the line of sight SL.
- the virtual seeker head With 2v the virtual seeker head is designated, with v 1 its axis and with ⁇ v the offset angle between the axis v 1 of the virtual seeker head 2v and the line of sight SL.
- the 1st order follow-up behavior is only an example and can also be achieved through a higher order follow-up behavior be replaced.
- FIG. 2 shows the three-dimensional coordinate system of the rigid and the virtual search head with the respective storage angles ⁇ s and ⁇ v (elevation) and ⁇ s and ⁇ v (azimuth).
- the rigid seeker head 2 has the actual azimuth and elevation placement angles ⁇ s and ⁇ s as input variables.
- the placement angles ⁇ s and ⁇ s are measured with a measuring mechanism and the measured placement angles ⁇ sm and ⁇ sm in the virtual search head 2v are transformed by the transformation software 3 into the azimuth and elevation placement angles ⁇ v and ⁇ v of the virtual search head 2v.
- the virtual offset angles ⁇ v and ⁇ v are fed to the dynamic mathematical model 4 of the virtual search head 2 and from this the rotation rates q v , r v of the virtual search head 2v are calculated, with which the virtual search head 2v tracks the line of sight SL.
- the values of the rotation rates q v and r v simultaneously flow into the steering controller 5 in order to form the commands for the missile 6, so that the missile speed vector is rotated in proportion to the line of sight SL.
- the loop is closed via the feedback 7.
- the conversion with the transformation software 3 from the rigid to the virtual system using the equations (5) and (6) takes place via the loops 8 and 9.
- the rotation rates p v , q v and r v of the virtual search head 2v is determined, which are used to form the transformation matrix [T] vl .
- the rotational speeds p, q and r of the rigid seeker head 2 are measured via the loop 9, which are used to form the transformation matrix [T] IS .
- the rates of rotation p, q, r of the rigid seeker head 2 can be made with turning gyros 11, for example from three uniaxial ones or a uniaxial and a biaxial gyroscope.
- the search head 2 rigidly connected to the missile 1 has the placement angles Ab s and ⁇ s , while the gyroscope 11 measure the rotation rates p m , q m , r m .
- the time derivative Q of the quarternion Q is formed from the rotation rates p m , q m , r m .
- the quarternion Q and thus the transformation matrix [T] SI for the transformation from the inertial (geodetic) into the missile-fixed (rigid) system is obtained by integration.
- the transformation matrix [T] VS is obtained according to equation (5) above for the transformation from the rigid (rigid) search head system into the virtual search head system.
- the components of the unit vector [r 1 ] in the target direction Z in the missile-fixed (rigid) system are formed from the measured placement angles ⁇ sm , ⁇ sm of the rigid seeker head 2, as explained above in connection with FIG. 1 using the components x s , z s , These components are converted into the virtual seeker head system using the transformation matrix [T] VS (see equation (2)).
- the placement angles ⁇ v and ⁇ v are determined in the virtual search head 2v.
- the sought-after rotation rates of the virtual seeker head 2v are proportional to the storage angles, assuming a first-order follow-up behavior (equations 4 and 7).
- the rotation rates q v and r v of the virtual search head 2v are completed by the rotation rate p v , which is determined separately via a positive coupling (ZK), since the virtual search head 2v cannot rotate freely about its longitudinal axis.
- the azimuth and elevation placement angles ⁇ sm and ⁇ sm measured with the rigidly connected search head are thus transformed into the azimuth and elevation placement angles ⁇ v and ⁇ v of a gimbal-mounted and gyro-stabilized virtual search head 2v, which is rotated by p v , q v and r v around its axes v 1 , v 2 , v 3 of the line of sight SL is tracked.
- the transformation of the azimuth and elevation placement angles ⁇ sm and ⁇ sm measured with the rigidly connected search head 2 into the azimuth and elevation placement angles ⁇ v and ⁇ v of the virtual search head 2v takes place on the one hand on the basis of the rotation rates p v , q v , r v of the virtual search head 2v about its axes v 1 , v 2 , v 3 , which result from the continuously determined azimuth and elevation placement angles ⁇ v , ⁇ v of the virtual seeker head and the forced coupling ZK, and on the other hand due to the rotation rates p m , q m , r m of the rigidly connected search head around the body-fixed axes s 1 , s 2 , s 3 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Navigation (AREA)
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
- Communication Control (AREA)
Description
- den Drehraten qv um die Achse v2 und rv um die Achse v3 des virtuellen Koordinatensystems
- den Drehraten des Flugkörpers pm, qm, rm um die flugkörperfesten Achsen s1, s2 und s3
- der Transformationsmatrix [T]VS,
Claims (7)
- Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Sichtliniendrehraten Flugkörper/Ziel mit einem mit dem Flugkörper (1) starr verbundenen Suchkopf (2), wobei die mit dem starr verbundenen Suchkopf (2) im flugkörperfesten Koordinatensystem (s1, s2, s3) gemessenen Azimut- und Elevationsablagewinkel (Ψsm und sm) des Zieles in die Azimut- und Elevationsablagewinkel (Ψv und v) des Zieles, bezogen auf ein Koordinatensystem, transformiert werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Koordinatensystem das Koordinatensystem eines virtuellen kardanisch gelagerten und kreiselstabilisierten Suchkopfes (2v) ist, der durch das mathematische Modell eines kardanisch gelagerten und kreiselstabilisierten Suchkopfes in einem Rechner dargestellt und durch Drehung mit den Drehraten (pv, qv, rv) um seine drei Achsen (v1, v2, v3) der Sichtlinie (SL) Flugkörper/Ziel nachgeführt wird, indem eine zeitgleich mit der Bewegung des Flugkörpers (1) ablaufende Bewegungssimulation des virtuellen Suchkopfes (2v) erfolgt und die Art der Rahmenausführung und der Kreiselstabilisierung des zu simulierenden, kardanisch gelagerten, kreiselstabilisierten Suchkopfes in die Software eingehen.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Transformation der mit dem starr verbundenen Suchkopf (2) gemessenen Azimut- und Elevationsablagewinkel (Ψsm und sm) in die Azimut- und Elevationsablagewinkel (Ψv und v) des virtuellen Suchkopfs (2v) einerseits über die Drehraten (pv, qv, rv) des virtuellen Suchkopfs (2v) um seine drei Achsen (v1, v2, v3) und andererseits über die Drehraten (pm, qm, rm) des starr verbundenen Suchkopfes (2) um die drei flugkörperfesten Achsen (s1, s2, s3) erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der virtuelle Suchkopf (2v) der Sichtlinie (SL) Flugkörper/Ziel mit einem Zeitverhalten erster oder höherer Ordnung nachgeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei der Transformation die Quaternionen-Methode angewandt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei der Transformation die Eulerwinkel-Methode angewendet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehraten (qv, rv) des virtuellen Suchkopfes (2v) um dessen beide zu seiner Längsachse (v1) senkrechten Achsen (v2, v3) zur Lenkung des Flugkörpers (1) nach der Proportionalnavigation verwendet werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine beliebige Rahmenanordnung des virtuellen Suchkopfes (2v) angewendet wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4339187A DE4339187C1 (de) | 1993-11-16 | 1993-11-16 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Sichtliniendrehraten mit einem starren Suchkopf |
DE4339187 | 1993-11-16 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0653600A1 EP0653600A1 (de) | 1995-05-17 |
EP0653600B1 EP0653600B1 (de) | 1996-05-08 |
EP0653600B2 true EP0653600B2 (de) | 2002-01-02 |
Family
ID=6502769
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94116112A Expired - Lifetime EP0653600B2 (de) | 1993-11-16 | 1994-10-12 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Sichtliniendrehraten mit einem starren Suchkopf |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5669579A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0653600B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE137857T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2135362A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4339187C1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19500993A1 (de) * | 1995-01-14 | 1996-07-18 | Contraves Gmbh | Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Rollage eines rollenden Flugobjektes |
DE29512894U1 (de) * | 1995-08-10 | 1995-10-26 | Mafo Systemtechnik Dr.-Ing. A. Zacharias GmbH & Co. KG, 83317 Teisendorf | Waffe |
DE19756763A1 (de) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-06-24 | Bodenseewerk Geraetetech | Suchkopf für zielverfolgende Flugkörper |
US6651004B1 (en) * | 1999-01-25 | 2003-11-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Guidance system |
JP4285367B2 (ja) * | 2003-10-29 | 2009-06-24 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 視線誘導度算出システムおよび視線誘導度算出プログラム、並びに視線誘導度算出方法 |
US8946606B1 (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2015-02-03 | Arete Associates | Determining angular rate for line-of-sight to a moving object, with a body-fixed imaging sensor |
US9222755B2 (en) * | 2014-02-03 | 2015-12-29 | The Aerospace Corporation | Intercepting vehicle and method |
CN107270904B (zh) * | 2017-06-23 | 2020-07-03 | 西北工业大学 | 基于图像配准的无人机辅助引导控制系统及方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH565988A5 (de) † | 1958-07-01 | 1975-08-29 | Bodenseewerk Geraetetech | |
DE3233612A1 (de) † | 1982-09-10 | 1984-03-15 | Bodenseewerk Gerätetechnik GmbH, 7770 Überlingen | Geraet zur bestimmung der nordrichtung |
DE3436839A1 (de) † | 1983-10-07 | 1993-07-08 | Secr Defence Brit | Lenkprozessor |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB106066A (en) * | 1917-01-04 | 1917-05-10 | Robert Renton Hind | Improvements in Sugar-cane Mill Housings. |
US4108400A (en) * | 1976-08-02 | 1978-08-22 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Dual mode guidance system |
JPS5644909A (en) * | 1979-09-20 | 1981-04-24 | Tech Res & Dev Inst Of Japan Def Agency | Inducing device of flying material |
US4492352A (en) * | 1982-09-22 | 1985-01-08 | General Dynamics, Pomona Division | Noise-adaptive, predictive proportional navigation (NAPPN) guidance scheme |
US4502650A (en) * | 1982-09-22 | 1985-03-05 | General Dynamics, Pomona Division | Augmented proportional navigation in third order predictive scheme |
US4542870A (en) * | 1983-08-08 | 1985-09-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | SSICM guidance and control concept |
GB2208017B (en) * | 1983-11-25 | 1989-07-05 | British Aerospace | Guidance systems |
US4643373A (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1987-02-17 | Honeywell Inc. | Missile system for naval use |
US4750688A (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1988-06-14 | British Aerospace Plc | Line of sight missile guidance |
JPH02150698A (ja) * | 1988-12-01 | 1990-06-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 飛しょう体の誘導装置 |
DE4034419A1 (de) * | 1989-10-28 | 1991-05-02 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Verfahren zur lenkung eines flugkoerpers mit sensor zur zielsuche, der auf einer stabilisierten plattform gehaltert ist |
US5279478A (en) * | 1989-12-20 | 1994-01-18 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Seeker circuit for homing missile guidance |
JP3232564B2 (ja) * | 1990-02-26 | 2001-11-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 飛しよう体の誘導装置 |
DE4007999A1 (de) * | 1990-03-13 | 1991-09-19 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Fernlenkbarer flugkoerper |
US5052637A (en) * | 1990-03-23 | 1991-10-01 | Martin Marietta Corporation | Electronically stabilized tracking system |
DE4238521C1 (de) * | 1991-08-09 | 1993-10-21 | Deutsche Aerospace | Zielerfassungseinrichtung |
FR2700640B1 (fr) * | 1993-01-15 | 1995-02-24 | Thomson Csf | Dispositif de stabilisation du pointage du faisceau d'une antenne à balayage électronique rigidement fixée sur un mobile. |
-
1993
- 1993-11-16 DE DE4339187A patent/DE4339187C1/de not_active Revoked
-
1994
- 1994-10-12 AT AT94116112T patent/ATE137857T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-12 EP EP94116112A patent/EP0653600B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-12 DE DE59400264T patent/DE59400264D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-08 CA CA002135362A patent/CA2135362A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
1995
- 1995-12-11 US US08/570,382 patent/US5669579A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH565988A5 (de) † | 1958-07-01 | 1975-08-29 | Bodenseewerk Geraetetech | |
DE3233612A1 (de) † | 1982-09-10 | 1984-03-15 | Bodenseewerk Gerätetechnik GmbH, 7770 Überlingen | Geraet zur bestimmung der nordrichtung |
DE3436839A1 (de) † | 1983-10-07 | 1993-07-08 | Secr Defence Brit | Lenkprozessor |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
AGARD Conference Proceedings No.292, "Guidance and Control Aspects of Tactical Air-Launched Missiles" † |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4339187C1 (de) | 1995-04-13 |
EP0653600B1 (de) | 1996-05-08 |
US5669579A (en) | 1997-09-23 |
ATE137857T1 (de) | 1996-05-15 |
EP0653600A1 (de) | 1995-05-17 |
CA2135362A1 (en) | 1995-05-17 |
DE59400264D1 (de) | 1996-06-13 |
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