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EP0477687B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la protection antisolaire des toitures des terrasses et similaires - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la protection antisolaire des toitures des terrasses et similaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0477687B1
EP0477687B1 EP19910115466 EP91115466A EP0477687B1 EP 0477687 B1 EP0477687 B1 EP 0477687B1 EP 19910115466 EP19910115466 EP 19910115466 EP 91115466 A EP91115466 A EP 91115466A EP 0477687 B1 EP0477687 B1 EP 0477687B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sun
hollow
cylinders
cylinder
sectional area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19910115466
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
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EP0477687A1 (fr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0477687A1 publication Critical patent/EP0477687A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0477687B1 publication Critical patent/EP0477687B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/42—Gratings; Grid-like panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/54—Slab-like translucent elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2417—Light path control; means to control reflection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing an oblique hollow cylinder, which serves as a partial sun protection element and is open at the top and bottom.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop a corresponding manufacturing process in such a way that an effective partial sun protection element can be produced in a simple manner and with simple means.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that clay is used as the starting material, the clay is extruded in a cylindrical hollow strand and the individual elements are separated by one or two miter cuts.
  • Clay is a material that is relatively easy to form in the unfired state and has proven itself as a building material when fired.
  • FR-A-1 463 000 shows an overall lamellar arrangement.
  • the (resulting) oblique-cylindrical shape of the partial element according to the invention permits a respective adaptation to the main direction of sunshine of the application site by appropriate alignment of the oblique cylinder.
  • An oblique cylinder is, as usual, a cylinder in which at least one of the two end surfaces, the bottom or the top surface, is not perpendicular, i.e. H. not at a 90 ° angle to the cylinder axis.
  • Bottom surface is understood here to mean the (essentially imagined; since it is a hollow cylinder, only existing as an annular surface) surface which faces the surface to be protected, while the top surface is the other surface.
  • the extruded strand is preferably dimensioned such that the cross-sectional area of the cylinder wall, which may be proportional, is 1/60 to 1/10 of the cross-sectional area of the cavity in the dried or fired end product. In special cases the ratio is between 1/10 and 1/4. That is, it should be relatively thin-walled cylinders.
  • Cross-sectional area is understood to mean the area of a cut that is perpendicular to the cylinder axis.
  • the distance between the miter cuts is preferably such that the length of the axis of the dried or fired cylinder is 1 to 20 times the root of the cross-sectional area of the cavity. Direct irradiation of the surface arranged under the hollow cylinder can thereby be reliably prevented for different angles of incidence of the sun.
  • the axis of the cylinder is understood (even in the case of non-parallel floor and cover surfaces) to be the connection of the centroids of the imaginary floor and cover surfaces covering the cavity.
  • the miter angle is preferably dimensioned such that the bottom surface of the cylinder has an angle to a plane perpendicular to the cylinder axis which is approximately equal to the angle of the surface to be protected from the sun to the horizontal plane.
  • the bottom surface is arranged at least approximately parallel to the surface to be protected.
  • the miter angles of two miter cuts producing the hollow cylinder are preferably the same.
  • the cylinder preferably has at least one oblique top surface. It is then arranged with the axis vertical (ie vertical) so that the highest point of the mantle, viewed from the axis, points in the direction of the highest average position of the sun.
  • the miter angles of two miter cuts producing the hollow cylinder are preferably the same.
  • the hollow cylinder has an inclined base surface and a cover surface parallel to it, the base surface advantageously being arranged parallel to the surface to be protected from the sun and the cylinder axis being arranged such that it faces north.
  • the extrusion strand preferably has a plurality of parallel hollow cylinders.
  • the sun protection element is particularly preferably a hollow brick with a rectangular base area.
  • a hollow brick can essentially be produced and installed using techniques which are also used in the known hollow bricks.
  • An uneven edge is preferably produced in the separating cut.
  • the uneven edge can be an irregular unevenness, but it can also be a sawtooth-like, corrugated or with small supports of the bottom surface.
  • a certain distance of the sun protection elements from the surface to be protected by them can thus be achieved in a simple manner. This makes heat transfer difficult and it is e.g. B. possible that the rainwater penetrating into the cavities open at the top and bottom can flow freely again.
  • the invention also relates to a sun protection element in which several oblique hollow cylinders of the same type, open at the top and bottom, are connected to form an overall element.
  • a sun protection element is known, at least as a result, from FR-A-2 287 557.
  • Such a sun protection element is to be improved and, in particular, to be adapted to the conditions in those countries in which it is predominantly used.
  • the cylinders consist of clay which has been extruded in a cylindrical hollow strand and the cylinders have been separated by one or two miter cuts, and the similar cylinders are baked to form an overall element.
  • the baked hollow cylinders preferably have parallel floor and ceiling surfaces and the same axis lengths and are baked in such a way that the floor and ceiling surfaces each lie in one plane.
  • flat structures can be created with a larger number of hollow cylinders, which overall have a uniform height and parallel bottom and top surfaces. These can then be laid on roof areas or z. B. be installed above head height over terraces.
  • FIG. 1 shows in section three partial sun protection elements 2, 4, 6 according to the invention, which are connected integrally or in one piece to form a sun protection element 1.
  • the sub-elements 2, 4, 6 have octagonal bottom surfaces 12, 14, 16 and octagonal, parallel top surfaces 22, 24, 26.
  • the respective central axes are indicated at 32, 34 and 36 and are at an angle ⁇ , in the embodiment of 60 °, to the floor and top surfaces.
  • the entire sun protection element (also shown in Fig. 2) is on the roof surface 40 somewhat at a distance from the roof surface 40 by means of intermediate pieces, e.g. Plastic supports, stored, of which the intermediate pieces 50 and 60 are visible in Fig. 1.
  • the incidence of the sun's rays is indicated at 70 and their angle of incidence ⁇ on the cover surfaces is the maximum angle of incidence for a given location.
  • the (always) in the shadow areas of the hollow cylinder are hatched and it is shown in particular that with the appropriate choice of height h, the angle of the cylinder axis ⁇ to the bottom surface and the diameter of the partial elements, here 1/3 a, the roof of the Sun rays are no longer hit. This is also achieved by aligning the cylinder axes to the north.
  • a terrace which would then be located at a greater distance from the sub-elements 2 or 4 or 6 than the roof 40, can be protected from direct sunlight.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of the sun protection element of FIG. 1, the same or corresponding elements being provided with the same reference symbols.
  • the section for Fig. 1 is indicated on the line X-X.
  • composition of the regular octagonal shape of the floor and top surfaces also creates additional hollow cylinders 8 and 9 with square bottom and top surfaces.
  • additional hollow cylinders also arise when several sun protection elements of FIG. 2 are put together to form a flat sun protection cover.
  • Fig. 3 shows a manufacturing method for sun protection elements according to the invention, e.g. acc. Fig. 4.
  • a clay strand 20 is extruded from an extrusion die of a press 10, which would result in normal hollow blocks in cuts perpendicular to the direction of ejection.
  • a miter cut is now carried out at a (variable, adapted to the respective intended use) cutting angle ⁇ to the flow direction A, so that sun protection elements according to the invention are produced which have flat, mutually parallel bottom and top surfaces and contain oblique hollow cylinders.
  • FIG. 4 shows a plan view of a further embodiment of a sun protection element that can be produced using the method according to FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 shows a section X-X through FIG. 4.
  • Fig. 6 shows yet another embodiment with a different orientation of the surface edges of the cylindrical hollow cylinder, but with the same axis orientation and Fig. 7 is a section on the line X'-X 'of FIG. 6th
  • the partial sun protection elements in particular those made of clay, can also be provided with a lime paint to reduce the effect of the sun's rays.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un cylindre creux oblique, ouvert dans le bas et dans le haut, en tant qu'élément partiel de protection contre le soleil, caractérisé en ce que la matière première utilisée est l'argile, en ce que l'argile est extrudée en une barre creuse cylindrique, et en ce que les éléments individuels sont tronçonnés par une ou deux coupes en biais.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la barre extrudée est dimensionnée de sorte que dans le produit final séché ou ayant subi une cuisson, la surface de la section transversale, le cas échéant mise en commun, de la paroi cylindrique atteint environ 1/60 à 1/10 de la surface de la section transversale de l'espace creux.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'espacement entre les coupes en biais est dimensionné de facon à ce que la longueur de l'axe du cylindre séché ou ayant subi une cuisson, atteint 1 à 20 fois la racine carrée de la surface de la section transversale de l'espace creux.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'angle de la coupe en biais est dimensionné de facon à ce que la surface de base du cylindre forme avec un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe du cylindre, un angle qui est environ égal à l'angle que forme la surface à protéger contre le soleil par rapport au plan horizontal.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les angles de coupe en biais de deux coupes en biais engendrant le cylindre creux, sont égaux.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la barre extrudée comporte plusieurs cylindres creux parallèles.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que lors de la coupe de tronçonnage, un bord non plat est engendré.
  8. Elément de protection contre le soleil, dans lequel plusieurs cylindres creux obliques, similaires, ouverts dans le haut et dans le bas, sont reliés en un élément global, caractérisé en ce que les cylindres sont réalisés en argile, qui a été extrudée en une barre creuse cylindrique, les cylindres ayant tronçonnés par une ou deux coupes en biais, et en ce que les cylindres similaires sont cuits en un élément global.
  9. Elément de protection contre le soleil selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les cylindres creux cuits ont des surfaces de base et des surfaces de dessus parallèles, ainsi que des longueurs d'axe égales, et en ce qu'ils sont cuits de manière à ce que les surfaces de base ou bien les surfaces de dessus soient, chaque fois, situées dans un même plan.
  10. Elément de protection contre le soleil selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que la surface de la section transversale des parois de l'élément de protection contre le soleil mise en commun, atteint 1/60 à 1/10 de la surface de la section transversale des espaces creux.
  11. Elément de protection contre le soleil selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la longueur de l'axe des cylindres, atteint 1 à 20 fois la racine carrée de la surface de la section transversale de chaque espace creux.
EP19910115466 1990-09-12 1991-09-12 Procédé et dispositif pour la protection antisolaire des toitures des terrasses et similaires Expired - Lifetime EP0477687B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4028958 1990-09-12
DE19904028958 DE4028958C1 (fr) 1990-09-12 1990-09-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0477687A1 EP0477687A1 (fr) 1992-04-01
EP0477687B1 true EP0477687B1 (fr) 1994-06-01

Family

ID=6414118

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910115466 Expired - Lifetime EP0477687B1 (fr) 1990-09-12 1991-09-12 Procédé et dispositif pour la protection antisolaire des toitures des terrasses et similaires

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0477687B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4028958C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2055951T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH687214A5 (de) * 1994-02-28 1996-10-15 Dietrich Schwarz Lichtdurchlaessige Stegplatte.
DE19811444A1 (de) * 1998-03-17 1999-09-30 Gregor Hellenthal Verschattungsvorrichtung
DE102006030244A1 (de) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Teiltransparenter statischer Sonnenschutz

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2441819A (en) * 1945-04-04 1948-05-18 Herbert R Jensen Ventilating body or screen
US3086629A (en) * 1959-07-08 1963-04-23 Blitzer Bud Structural panels and elements thereof
US3191729A (en) * 1964-06-01 1965-06-29 Lemual G Brown Grille or screen
DE1509673A1 (de) * 1965-02-06 1969-02-20 Roberto Merlo Zusammensetzbare Teile zur Herstellung eines sonnenbrechenden Gitters und entsprechender Verbindungselemente
FR1463000A (fr) * 1965-07-16 1966-06-03 Jaeger Sa écran
FR1488264A (fr) * 1966-03-10 1967-07-13 Paralumes fixes à récupération de lumière naturelle
FR2287557A1 (fr) * 1974-10-08 1976-05-07 Romney Emile Procede permettant d'eviter l'ensoleillement d'une paroi exposee aux rayons solaires et de la rafraichir
DE3500768A1 (de) * 1985-01-11 1986-07-17 Josef Gartner & Co, 8883 Gundelfingen Sonnenschutz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0477687A1 (fr) 1992-04-01
DE4028958C1 (fr) 1992-02-27
ES2055951T3 (es) 1994-09-01

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