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EP0057342B1 - Oil evaporation burner - Google Patents

Oil evaporation burner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0057342B1
EP0057342B1 EP81730117A EP81730117A EP0057342B1 EP 0057342 B1 EP0057342 B1 EP 0057342B1 EP 81730117 A EP81730117 A EP 81730117A EP 81730117 A EP81730117 A EP 81730117A EP 0057342 B1 EP0057342 B1 EP 0057342B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pot
vapourizing
oil
burner
evaporation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81730117A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0057342A3 (en
EP0057342A2 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Schilling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cofrabel Nv
SCHONEWELLE BV
Vaillant Austria GmbH
Vaillant GmbH
Vaillant SARL
Vaillant Ltd
Original Assignee
Vaillant Austria GmbH
Cofrabel Nv
Joh Vaillant GmbH and Co
Vaillant GmbH
Vaillant SARL
Vaillant Ltd
SCHONEWELLE BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vaillant Austria GmbH, Cofrabel Nv, Joh Vaillant GmbH and Co, Vaillant GmbH, Vaillant SARL, Vaillant Ltd, SCHONEWELLE BV filed Critical Vaillant Austria GmbH
Priority to AT81730117T priority Critical patent/ATE11074T1/en
Publication of EP0057342A2 publication Critical patent/EP0057342A2/en
Publication of EP0057342A3 publication Critical patent/EP0057342A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0057342B1 publication Critical patent/EP0057342B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/005Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space with combinations of different spraying or vaporising means
    • F23D11/008Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space with combinations of different spraying or vaporising means combination of means covered by sub-groups F23D5/00 and F23D11/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D11/00Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/04Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying action being obtained by centrifugal action
    • F23D11/08Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying action being obtained by centrifugal action using a vertical shaft

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an oil vapor burner according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • an oil evaporation burner in particular for burners of low power, which consists of an outer housing in which an inner pot-like insert is rigidly fastened, the opening of which faces a combustion site. Inside this insert there is a combustion air guide insert and a conical evaporation pot rotatable by means of a shaft is provided, the opening of which faces away from the combustion chamber, an oil feed line opening approximately in the middle of the height of the evaporation pot. A fresh air blower is also provided in the air supply line; the evaporation pot and the impeller are driven by the same motor.
  • the oil evaporating in the pot emerges from the pot against the direction of flow and, due to the circulating exhaust gas between the air guide element and the outer jacket of the evaporation pot, enters the combustion chamber, the fresh air supply takes place between the housing and the outer jacket of the fixed pot insert.
  • a disadvantage of this embodiment is that the entire outer surface area of the evaporation pot cannot be used for the evaporation, since the oil has a considerable thickness in its layer at the point closest to the combustion chamber due to the centrifugal effect. Furthermore, the evaporation can only take place indirectly via the outer wall due to the radiant and convective heat of the combustion chamber or the recirculating combustion products. There is no direct influence on the oil in the pot. There is also the possibility that the oil vapor comes into contact with cold housing parts, so that there is condensation of already evaporated oil.
  • an oil evaporation burner which has an oil supply line and an air supply line provided with a blower, the blower motor serving as a drive for a rotatably arranged evaporation pot which is connected to a combustion chamber, the evaporation pot is cylindrical , and its opening faces the combustion chamber.
  • the outer jacket of the evaporation pot is thermally insulated from the air supply line by means of an annular space.
  • an oil burner has become known from GB-A-751 218, which has an almost cylindrical evaporation pot which is rotatable by holes and provided with holes and which narrows conically at its end facing the combustion chamber. No film-like evaporation is possible on the inner wall of the evaporation pot, and there is likewise no possibility of exhaust gas recirculation to support the evaporation.
  • DE-C-630 027 has become known, which has an oil burner with a bowl-shaped cylinder driven by an electric motor and revolving around a vertical axis, the sucked-up oil being thrown off into the air flow by centrifugal force at the top edge of the bowl-shaped atomizer.
  • This oil burner does not have a cylindrical evaporation pot, and there is also no question of exhaust gas recirculation.
  • the present invention has for its object to improve the evaporation pot and its arrangement in the oil evaporation burner decisively in order to obtain more favorable evaporation conditions, at the same time this evaporation should only be carried out by recirculating combustion products in order to avoid pre-oxidation of the oil. It is important to ensure that thermal insulation from cold housing parts or from the fresh air is brought about in order to avoid condensation of the evaporated oil.
  • the oil gasification burner according to FIG. 1 has a housing 1 which has a circular shape in cross section. In a region of larger diameter 2, the housing surrounds a combustion chamber 3. On the side facing away from the combustion chamber 3, an air supply line 4 opens, in which a fan 6 driven by a motor 5 is arranged.
  • the blower 6 and a distributor housing 7, into which a heating oil supply line 8 opens, are penetrated by the drive shaft 9 which projects beyond the motor 5 on both sides. Behind the distributor housing 7, the shaft 9 continues as a hollow shaft, where it serves as a continuation of the oil line 8.
  • the shaft 9 is guided by means of a bearing 10 in an interior 11 of an insert 12, which is cup-shaped and has an outer cylinder jacket 13 and one for this purpose has a coaxial inner cylinder jacket 14 which is approximately half the height of the outer cylinder jacket 13.
  • the insert 12 is fixed and is connected to the housing 1 by means of a plurality of supports 15 distributed over its circumference.
  • an outer annular space 16 connected to the air supply line 4 is formed, which continues in an inner annular space 17, since the outer casing 18 of the housing 1 continues around the end 19 of the outer cylinder 13 inward into the combustion space 3 and here one forms inner housing shell 20, which ends in a rounding 21, which in turn is directed inwards.
  • An annular opening 22 thus arises between the rounding 21 and the inner jacket 14, through which the combustion air enters the combustion chamber 3.
  • a double-walled evaporation pot 23 is arranged inside the inner jacket 14 and is connected to the hollow shaft 9.
  • the evaporation pot consists of an outer wall 24 and an inner wall 25, both of which are connected to one another at their end facing away from the oil supply shaft 9 by means of swirl blades 39, which thus face the combustion chamber 3.
  • Both walls 24 and 25 have a cylindrical shape.
  • the outer wall 24 merges into a base part 27, to which the shaft 9 is connected centrally.
  • a bottom 28 of the inner wall 25 is provided with a central opening 29 which is connected to the combustion chamber 3 for the purpose of recirculating the combustion products.
  • the evaporation pot 23 divides the combustion chamber 3, which is cylindrical per se, into an annular space 30, which extends approximately to the rounding 21, and into a central space 31, which extends approximately to the bottom 28.
  • Evaporated oil is taken away by the combustion products and added to the annular space 30 via the swirl vanes 39, here the evaporated oil is mixed with the fresh air, the gas-air mixture passes through an axial opening 42 in the evaporation pot 23 into the combustion space and burns out there.
  • the space between the inner jacket 14 and the outer wall 24 of the evaporation pot 23 provides thermal insulation of the evaporation pot, so that its cooling by fresh combustion air is prevented. Due to the reflection of the flame, the inner jacket 20 of the housing 1 is heated, which on the one hand leads to heating of the freshly supplied combustion air, so that condensation of already evaporated oil in the area of the inner jacket 20 is avoided.
  • the housing and the shape of the evaporation pot have been simplified without abandoning the basic principles of the invention: the housing is simpler Cylinder jacket formed, which is simple in its area surrounding the combustion chamber 3.
  • the end facing away from the combustion chamber in turn represents the air supply line 4 via a constriction, the air supply line 4 is assigned the fan 6 driven by a motor via a shaft 9.
  • the interior of the housing 1 is formed by an insert 12 which is fixedly connected to the housing and has a base 33 and a cylinder jacket 13 which is connected to the inner jacket of the housing 1 over its entire circumference. The supplied combustion air is thus pressed by the blower 6 into the annular space 16 between the housing 1 and the cylinder jacket 13.
  • the shaft 9 - which is not designed as a hollow shaft in this exemplary embodiment - is guided over the bearing 10 and holds the hollow cylindrical evaporation pot 23, which is single-walled here, via three webs 34 arranged in a star shape. At its lower end it has the cylindrical opening 29 in its bottom, so that the central space 31 in the interior of the evaporation pot is connected to the annular space 26 via the recess 29.
  • a cylindrical guide surface 35 is provided in the direction of the combustion chamber 3, which is connected to the jacket 13 via three cylindrical hollow supports 36.
  • the annular space 16 for the combustion air is connected to the central space 31 downstream of the evaporation pot 23.
  • FIG. 4 The view from the combustion chamber is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the oil evaporates under the heat of the flame in the combustion chamber 3 on the inside of the cylindrical evaporation pot and leaves the pot via the end of the pot on the combustion chamber side.
  • hot combustion gas is sucked into the annular space 26 from the combustion space 3, enters the space 11 and via the opening 29 into the interior 31 of the evaporation pot 23.
  • the outside of the evaporation pot is also immediately coated by the recirculating combustion gases, so that the evaporation pot is heated from the inside and outside. Due to the cylinder 35, evaporated fuel cannot condense on cold housing parts of the evaporative burner.
  • the end of the evaporation pot 23 facing away from the combustion chamber 3 can be provided with fan blades 40 instead of a bottom 28, the combustion products recirculating in the direction of an arrow 41 through the opening 29 suck, so that in turn the interior 31 of the evaporation pot 23 is subjected to combustion products.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Evaporation-Type Combustion Burners (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Abstract

1. An oil-vapourizing burner comprising an oil supply conduit (8), an air supply conduit (4), which is provided with a blower, and a cylindrical vapourizing pot (23), which is rotatable by a motor (5) and the interior of which communicates through an axial opening (42) with a combustion space (3), wherein the outer shell (24) of the vapourizing pot is heat-insulated from the supplied air (22) by an annular space, characterized in that the other axial end of the vapourizing pot (23) has also an opening (29), through which the interior of the vapourizing pot communicates with a space which radially surrounds the pot so that the exhaust gases from the burner are recirculated for a vapourization of the oil.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Ölverdampfungsbrenner gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs.The present invention relates to an oil vapor burner according to the preamble of the main claim.

Aus der DE-A-2 649 669 ist ein Ölverdampfungsbrenner, insbesondere für Brenner kleiner Leistung, bekanntgeworden, der aus einem äußeren Gehäuse besteht, in dem ein innerer topfartiger Einsatz starr befestigt ist, dessen Öffnung einem Verbrennungsort zugewandt ist. Im Inneren dieses Einsatzes ist ein Verbrennungsluftführungseinsatz vorhanden und ein mittels einer Welle drehbarer, kegelförmiger Verdampfungstopf vorgesehen, dessen Öffnung dem Verbrennungsraum abgewandt ist, wobei etwa in der Mitte der Höhe des Verdampfungstopfes eine Ölzuführungsleitung mündet. Weiterhin ist ein Frischluftgebläse in der Luftzuführungsleitung vorgesehen, Verdampfungstopf und Gebläserad werden vom gleichen Motor angetrieben.From DE-A-2 649 669 an oil evaporation burner, in particular for burners of low power, has become known, which consists of an outer housing in which an inner pot-like insert is rigidly fastened, the opening of which faces a combustion site. Inside this insert there is a combustion air guide insert and a conical evaporation pot rotatable by means of a shaft is provided, the opening of which faces away from the combustion chamber, an oil feed line opening approximately in the middle of the height of the evaporation pot. A fresh air blower is also provided in the air supply line; the evaporation pot and the impeller are driven by the same motor.

Das im Topf verdampfende Öl tritt gegen die Strömungsrichtung aus dem Topf aus und gelangt infolge des zirkulierenden Abgases zwischen Luftführungselement und äußerem Mantel des Verdampfungstopfes in den Verbrennungsraum, die Frischluftzuführung findet zwischen dem Gehäuse und dem äußeren Mantel des feststehenden Topfeinsatzes statt.The oil evaporating in the pot emerges from the pot against the direction of flow and, due to the circulating exhaust gas between the air guide element and the outer jacket of the evaporation pot, enters the combustion chamber, the fresh air supply takes place between the housing and the outer jacket of the fixed pot insert.

An dieser Ausführung ist nachteilig, daß nicht die gesamte Außenmantelfläche des Verdampfungstopfes für die Verdampfung ausgenutzt werden kann, da aufgrund der Zentrifugalwirkung das Öl an der dem Verbrennungsraum nächstgelegenen Stelle eine erhebliche Dicke in seiner Schicht aufweist. Weiterhin kann die Verdampfung nur aufgrund der Strahlungs- und Konvektionswärme des Feuerraums beziehungsweise der rezirkulierenden Verbrennungsprodukte mittelbar über die Außenwandung erfolgen. Eine direkte Einwirkung auf das im Topf befindliche Öl findet nicht statt. Weiterhin besteht die Möglichkeit, daß der Öldampf mit kalten Gehäuseteilen in Berührung kommt, so daß es eine Kondensation bereits verdampften Öls gibt.A disadvantage of this embodiment is that the entire outer surface area of the evaporation pot cannot be used for the evaporation, since the oil has a considerable thickness in its layer at the point closest to the combustion chamber due to the centrifugal effect. Furthermore, the evaporation can only take place indirectly via the outer wall due to the radiant and convective heat of the combustion chamber or the recirculating combustion products. There is no direct influence on the oil in the pot. There is also the possibility that the oil vapor comes into contact with cold housing parts, so that there is condensation of already evaporated oil.

Aus der GB-A-156 614 ist ein Ölverdampfungsbrenner bekanntgeworden, der eine Ölzufuhrleitung und eine mit einem Gebläse versehene Luftzufuhrleitung aufweist, wobei der Gebläsemotor als Antrieb für einen drehbar angeordneten Verdampfungstopf dient, der mit einem Verbrennungsraum in Verbindung steht, der Verdampfungstopf ist zylindrisch gestaltet, und seine Öffnung ist dem Verbrennungsraum zugewandt. Der Außenmantel des Verdampfungstopfs ist mittels eines Ringraums thermisch gegenüber der Luftzufuhrleitung isoliert. Mit diesem Ölverdampfungsbrenner ist es nicht möglich, den Innenraum des Verdampfungstopfes mit rezirkulierenden Abgasen aus dem Verbrennungsraum zu speisen und damit die Wärme der rezirkulierenden Abgase zu einer Verdampfung des Öls auszunutzen.From GB-A-156 614 an oil evaporation burner has become known, which has an oil supply line and an air supply line provided with a blower, the blower motor serving as a drive for a rotatably arranged evaporation pot which is connected to a combustion chamber, the evaporation pot is cylindrical , and its opening faces the combustion chamber. The outer jacket of the evaporation pot is thermally insulated from the air supply line by means of an annular space. With this oil evaporation burner it is not possible to feed the interior of the evaporation pot with recirculating exhaust gases from the combustion chamber and thus to use the heat of the recirculating exhaust gases to evaporate the oil.

Aus der US-A-2 559 792 ist ein rotierender Verdampfungstopf-Brenner bekanntgeworden, bei dem im rotierenden Verdampfungstopf ein weiterer Topf angeordnet ist. Der eigentliche Verdampfungstopf ist auf der dem Brennraum abgewandten Seite ausschließlich mit der Ölzuleitung in Verbindung stehend ausgebildet. Eine Rezirkulation von Abgasen kann nicht stattfinden. Die beiden Elemente des Verdampfungstopfes stehen im Abstand voneinander.From US-A-2 559 792 a rotating evaporation pot burner has become known, in which a further pot is arranged in the rotating evaporation pot. The actual evaporation pot is designed on the side facing away from the combustion chamber to be connected only to the oil supply line. A recirculation of exhaust gases cannot take place. The two elements of the evaporation pot are spaced apart.

Weiterhin ist aus der GB-A-12 821/1914 ein Zentrifugalbrenner für Öl als Brennstoff bekanntgeworden, der einen an seinem Ende konisch ausgebildeten drehbaren Topf aufweist. Durch die konische Ausbildung ist eine ausreichend lange Verweilzeit im Verdampfungstopf und eine filmartige Ausbreitung des Öls in ihm nicht gewährleistet.Furthermore, from GB-A-12 821/1914 a centrifugal burner for oil as fuel has become known which has a rotatable pot which is conical at its end. The conical design does not guarantee a sufficiently long dwell time in the evaporation pot and a film-like spreading of the oil in it.

Schließlich ist aus der GB-A-751 218 ein Ölbrenner bekanntgeworden, der einen von einem Motor drehbaren, mit Löchern versehenen, nahezu zylindrischen Verdampfungstopf aufweist, der sich an seinem dem Verbrennungsraum zugewandten Ende konisch verengt. Hierbei ist keine filmartige Verdampfung an der Innenwandung des Verdampfungstopfes möglich, gleichermaßen fehlt die Möglichkeit einer Abgasrezirkulation zur Unterstützung der Verdampfung.Finally, an oil burner has become known from GB-A-751 218, which has an almost cylindrical evaporation pot which is rotatable by holes and provided with holes and which narrows conically at its end facing the combustion chamber. No film-like evaporation is possible on the inner wall of the evaporation pot, and there is likewise no possibility of exhaust gas recirculation to support the evaporation.

Schließlich ist noch die DE-C-630 027 bekanntgeworden, die einen Ölbrenner mit einem durch einen Elektromotor angetriebenen, um eine senkrechte Achse umlaufenden schalenförmigen Zylinder aufweist, wobei das hochgesaugte Öl an der Oberkante des schalenförmigen Zerstäubers durch Fliehkraftwirkung in einen Luftstrom abgeschleudert wird. Dieser Ölbrenner weist keinen zylinderförmigen Verdampfungstopf auf, weiter ist von einer Abgas-Rezirkulation keine Rede.Finally, DE-C-630 027 has become known, which has an oil burner with a bowl-shaped cylinder driven by an electric motor and revolving around a vertical axis, the sucked-up oil being thrown off into the air flow by centrifugal force at the top edge of the bowl-shaped atomizer. This oil burner does not have a cylindrical evaporation pot, and there is also no question of exhaust gas recirculation.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Verdampfungstopf und seine Anordnung im Ölverdampfungsbrenner entscheidend zu verbessern, um günstigere Verdampfungsbedingungen zu erhalten, wobei gleichzeitig diese Verdampfung nur durch rezirkulierende Verbrennungsprodukte erfolgen soll, um eine Voroxydation des Öls zu vermeiden. Hierbei ist darauf Wert zu legen, daß eine thermische Isolation gegenüber kalten Gehäuseteilen oder gegenüber der Frischluft bewirkt wird, um eine Kondensation des verdampften Öls zu vermeiden.The present invention has for its object to improve the evaporation pot and its arrangement in the oil evaporation burner decisively in order to obtain more favorable evaporation conditions, at the same time this evaporation should only be carried out by recirculating combustion products in order to avoid pre-oxidation of the oil. It is important to ensure that thermal insulation from cold housing parts or from the fresh air is brought about in order to avoid condensation of the evaporated oil.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelingt mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs.This problem is solved with the characterizing features of the main claim.

Der sich daraus ergebende technische Fortschritt ist in der größeren Leistungsfähigkeit und dem besseren Ausbrand des Ölbrenners zu sehen, der im günstigen Fall auch zu einer Verkleinerung der Verdampfungsflächen führen kann.The resulting technical progress can be seen in the greater performance and better burnout of the oil burner, which in the best case can also lead to a reduction in the evaporation area.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen und besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind aus den Unteransprüchen sowie aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung ersichtlich, anhand derer in Verbindung mit den Figuren eins bis vier Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung im einzelnen beschrieben werden.Further refinements and particularly advantageous developments of the invention can be seen from the subclaims and from the following description, on the basis of which in Connection with the figures one to four embodiments of the invention are described in detail.

Es bedeuten

  • Figur 1 eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung eines Ölverdampfungsbrenners,
  • Figur 2 eine Variante der Erfindung, gleichfalls im Querschnitt,
  • .Figur 3 eine Variante der Erfindung nach Figur 2 und
  • Figur 4 eine Ansicht auf den Ölverdampfungsbrenner gemäß Figur 2 vom Flammenende aus.
Mean it
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional illustration of an oil vaporization burner,
  • FIG. 2 shows a variant of the invention, likewise in cross section,
  • Figure 3 shows a variant of the invention according to Figure 2 and
  • Figure 4 is a view of the oil vapor burner according to Figure 2 from the flame end.

In allen vier Figuren bedeuten gleiche Bezugszeichen jeweils die gleichen Einzelheiten.In all four figures, the same reference numerals denote the same details.

Der Ölvergasungsbrenner gemäß Figur 1 weist ein Gehäuse 1 auf, das im Querschnitt etwa Kreisgestalt aufweist. In einem Bereich größeren Durchmessers 2 umgibt das Gehäuse einen Verbrennungsraum 3. Auf der dem Verbrennungsraum 3 abgewandten Seite mündet eine Luftzufuhrleitung 4, in der ein von einem Motor 5 angetriebenes Gebläse 6 angeordnet ist. Das Gebläse 6 sowie ein Verteilergehäuse 7, in das eine Heiz- ölzufuhrleitung 8 einmündet, werden von der beidseitig den Motor 5 überragenden Antriebswelle 9 durchsetzt. Hinter dem Verteilgehäuse 7 setzt sich die Welle 9 als Hohlwelle fort, sie dient dort als Weiterführung der Ölleitung 8. Die Welle 9 ist mittels eines Lagers 10 in einem Innenraum 11 eines Einsatzes 12 geführt, der topfförmig ausgebildet ist und einen äußeren Zylindermantel 13 und einen hierzu koaxialen inneren Zylindermantel 14 aufweist, der etwa halb so hoch ist wie der äußere Zylindermantel 13. Der Einsatz 12 steht fest und ist über mehrere über seinen Umfang verteilte Stützen 15 mit dem Gehäuse 1 verbunden. Somit entsteht ein mit der Luftzufuhrleitung 4 in Verbindung stehender äußerer Ringraum 16, der sich in einem inneren Ringraum 17 fortsetzt, da sich der äußere Mantel 18 des Gehäuses 1 um das Ende 19 des äußeren Zylinders 13 nach innen in den Verbrennungsraum 3 fortsetzt und hier einen inneren Gehäusemantel 20 bildet, der in einer Abrundung 21 ausläuft, die wiederum nach innen gerichtet ist.The oil gasification burner according to FIG. 1 has a housing 1 which has a circular shape in cross section. In a region of larger diameter 2, the housing surrounds a combustion chamber 3. On the side facing away from the combustion chamber 3, an air supply line 4 opens, in which a fan 6 driven by a motor 5 is arranged. The blower 6 and a distributor housing 7, into which a heating oil supply line 8 opens, are penetrated by the drive shaft 9 which projects beyond the motor 5 on both sides. Behind the distributor housing 7, the shaft 9 continues as a hollow shaft, where it serves as a continuation of the oil line 8. The shaft 9 is guided by means of a bearing 10 in an interior 11 of an insert 12, which is cup-shaped and has an outer cylinder jacket 13 and one for this purpose has a coaxial inner cylinder jacket 14 which is approximately half the height of the outer cylinder jacket 13. The insert 12 is fixed and is connected to the housing 1 by means of a plurality of supports 15 distributed over its circumference. Thus, an outer annular space 16 connected to the air supply line 4 is formed, which continues in an inner annular space 17, since the outer casing 18 of the housing 1 continues around the end 19 of the outer cylinder 13 inward into the combustion space 3 and here one forms inner housing shell 20, which ends in a rounding 21, which in turn is directed inwards.

Zwischen der Abrundung 21 und dem inneren Mantel 14 entsteht somit eine ringförmige Öffnung 22, durch die die Verbrennungsluft in den Verbrennungsraum 3 eintritt.An annular opening 22 thus arises between the rounding 21 and the inner jacket 14, through which the combustion air enters the combustion chamber 3.

Innerhalb des inneren Mantels 14 ist ein doppelwandiger Verdampfungstopf 23 angeordnet, der mit der hohlen Welle 9 verbunden ist. Der Verdampfungstopf besteht aus einer äußeren Wandung 24 und einer inneren Wandung 25, die beide an ihrem der Ölzufuhrwelle 9 abgewandten Ende über Drallschaufeln 39 miteinander verbunden sind, die somit dem Verbrennungsraum 3 zugewandt sind.A double-walled evaporation pot 23 is arranged inside the inner jacket 14 and is connected to the hollow shaft 9. The evaporation pot consists of an outer wall 24 and an inner wall 25, both of which are connected to one another at their end facing away from the oil supply shaft 9 by means of swirl blades 39, which thus face the combustion chamber 3.

Zwischen innerer und äußerer Wand ergibt sich somit ein Zwischenraum 26, der der Ölverdampfung dient. Beide Wandungen 24 und 25 weisen zylinderförmige Gestalt auf. Die äußere Wandung 24 geht in ein Bodenteil 27 über, an dem zentrisch die Welle 9 angeschlossen ist. Ein Boden 28 der inneren Wandung 25 ist mit einer zentralen Öffnung 29 versehen, die mit dem Verbrennungsraum 3 zwecks Rezirkulation der Verbrennungsprodukte in Verbindung steht.Between the inner and outer wall there is an intermediate space 26 which serves for oil evaporation. Both walls 24 and 25 have a cylindrical shape. The outer wall 24 merges into a base part 27, to which the shaft 9 is connected centrally. A bottom 28 of the inner wall 25 is provided with a central opening 29 which is connected to the combustion chamber 3 for the purpose of recirculating the combustion products.

Durch den Verdampfungstopf 23 wird der an und für sich zylindrische Verbrennungsraum 3 in einen Ringraum 30, der etwa bis zur Abrundung 21 reicht, und in einen zentralen Raum 31 unterteilt, der etwa bis zum Boden 28 sich erstreckt.The evaporation pot 23 divides the combustion chamber 3, which is cylindrical per se, into an annular space 30, which extends approximately to the rounding 21, and into a central space 31, which extends approximately to the bottom 28.

Die Funktion des anhand der Figur 1 beschriebenen Ölverdampfungsbrenners ist folgende:

  • Beim Anlauf des Motors 5 wird Verbrennungsluft über die Luftzufuhrleitung 4 in den äußeren Ringraum 16 und in den inneren Ringraum 17 gefördert, den sie durch die ringförmige Öffnung 22 verläßt, um in den Ringraum 30 des Verbrennungsraums 3 einzutreten. Öl wird dem Brenner über die Leitung 8 über eine nicht dargestellte Pumpe zur Verfügung gestellt. Im Bereich des Verteilgehäuses 7 gelangt das Öl in das Innere der Hohlwelle 9 und wird somit über den Boden 27 der Innenseite der äußeren Wand des Verdampfungstopfes 23 zugeführt.
The function of the oil evaporation burner described with reference to FIG. 1 is as follows:
  • When the engine 5 starts up, combustion air is conveyed via the air supply line 4 into the outer annular space 16 and into the inner annular space 17, which it leaves through the annular opening 22 in order to enter the annular space 30 of the combustion space 3. Oil is made available to the burner via line 8 via a pump, not shown. In the area of the distributor housing 7, the oil reaches the interior of the hollow shaft 9 and is thus supplied via the bottom 27 to the inside of the outer wall of the evaporation pot 23.

Nach dem Zünden, das hier nicht beschrieben werden soll, entsteht im Verbrennungsraum 3 im Abstand vom Verdampfungstopf 23 eine Flamme. Da der Motor 5 nicht nur das Gebläse 6, sondern auch den Verdampfungstopf und die Drallschaufeln 39 dreht, wird im Zentralraum 31 des Verbrennungsraumes 3 ein Unterdruck erzeugt. Der Unterdruck wird verstärkt durch die durch den Ringraum 30 streichende frische Luft. Die Folge dieses Unterdrucks ist ein Ansaugen von Verbrennungsprodukten gemäß dem Pfeil 32, so daß der Zwischenraum 26 zwischen den Wänden 24 und 25 des Verdampfungstopfes mit heißen Abgasen durchsetzt wird. Diese heißen Abgase bewirken eine Verdampfung des an der Innenwand 24 des rotierenden Verdampfungstopfes 23 befindlichen Ölfilms. Die Ölförderung ist so eingestellt, daß dieser Film auf einer geringen Stärke erhalten bleibt. Verdampftes Öl wird von den Verbrennungsprodukten mitgenommen und über die Drallschaufeln 39 in den Ringraum 30 gegeben, hier wird das verdampfte Öl mit der Frischluft gemischt, das Gas-Luftgemisch gelangt durch eine Axialöffnung 42 im Verdampfungstopf 23 in den Verbrennungsraum und brennt dort aus.After ignition, which is not to be described here, a flame arises in the combustion chamber 3 at a distance from the evaporation pot 23. Since the motor 5 not only rotates the blower 6, but also the evaporation pot and the swirl vanes 39, a negative pressure is generated in the central space 31 of the combustion space 3. The negative pressure is increased by the fresh air flowing through the annular space 30. The consequence of this negative pressure is a suction of combustion products according to the arrow 32, so that the space 26 between the walls 24 and 25 of the evaporation pot is traversed with hot exhaust gases. These hot exhaust gases cause evaporation of the oil film located on the inner wall 24 of the rotating evaporation pot 23. The oil production is set so that this film remains at a low thickness. Evaporated oil is taken away by the combustion products and added to the annular space 30 via the swirl vanes 39, here the evaporated oil is mixed with the fresh air, the gas-air mixture passes through an axial opening 42 in the evaporation pot 23 into the combustion space and burns out there.

Der Zwischenraum zwischen dem innren Mantel 14 und der äußeren Wandung 24 des Verdampfungstopfes 23 bewirkt eine Isolation des Verdampfungstopfes in thermischer Hinsicht, so daß seine Abkühlung durch frische Verbrennungsluft verhindert wird. Durch die Rückstrahlung der Flamme wird der innere Mantel 20 des Gehäuses 1 aufgeheizt, was einerseits zu einer Aufheizung der frisch zugeführten Verbrennungsluft führt, so daß eine Kondensation bereits verdampften Öls im Bereich des inneren Mantels 20 vermieden wird.The space between the inner jacket 14 and the outer wall 24 of the evaporation pot 23 provides thermal insulation of the evaporation pot, so that its cooling by fresh combustion air is prevented. Due to the reflection of the flame, the inner jacket 20 of the housing 1 is heated, which on the one hand leads to heating of the freshly supplied combustion air, so that condensation of already evaporated oil in the area of the inner jacket 20 is avoided.

Bei den Varianten der Erfindung gemäß Figur 2 sind das Gehäuse sowie die Form des Verdampfungstopfes vereinfacht worden, ohne daß die Grundprinzipien der Erfindung verlassen worden sind: So ist das Gehäuse als schlichter Zylindermantel ausgebildet, der in seinem den Verbrennungsraum 3 umschließenden Bereich einfach ausgebildet ist. Das dem Feuerraum abgewandte Ende stellt über eine Verengung wiederum die Luftzufuhrleitung 4 dar, der Luftzufuhrleitung 4 ist das von einem Motor über eine Welle 9 angetriebene Gebläse 6 zugeordnet. Den Innenraum des Gehäuses 1 bildet ein fest mit dem Gehäuse verbundener Einsatz 12, der einen Boden 33 und einen Zylindermantel 13 aufweist, der über seinen gesamten Umfang mit dem Innenmantel des Gehäuses 1 verbunden ist. Somit wird die zugeführte Verbrennungsluft von dem Gebläse 6 in den Ringraum 16 zwischen Gehäuse 1 und Zylindermantel 13 gedrückt.In the variants of the invention according to FIG. 2, the housing and the shape of the evaporation pot have been simplified without abandoning the basic principles of the invention: the housing is simpler Cylinder jacket formed, which is simple in its area surrounding the combustion chamber 3. The end facing away from the combustion chamber in turn represents the air supply line 4 via a constriction, the air supply line 4 is assigned the fan 6 driven by a motor via a shaft 9. The interior of the housing 1 is formed by an insert 12 which is fixedly connected to the housing and has a base 33 and a cylinder jacket 13 which is connected to the inner jacket of the housing 1 over its entire circumference. The supplied combustion air is thus pressed by the blower 6 into the annular space 16 between the housing 1 and the cylinder jacket 13.

Innerhalb des Innenraums 11 des Einsatzes 12 ist die Welle 9 - die bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel nicht als Hohlwelle ausgebildet ist - über das Lager 10 geführt und hält über drei sternförmig angeordnete Stege 34 den hohlzylindrischen Verdampfungstopf 23, der hier einwandig ausgebildet ist. An seinem unteren Ende weist er in seinem Boden die zylindrische Öffnung 29 auf, so daß der Zentralraum 31 im Inneren des Verdampfungstopfes über die Ausnehmung 29 mit dem Ringraum 26 in Verbindung steht.Inside the interior 11 of the insert 12, the shaft 9 - which is not designed as a hollow shaft in this exemplary embodiment - is guided over the bearing 10 and holds the hollow cylindrical evaporation pot 23, which is single-walled here, via three webs 34 arranged in a star shape. At its lower end it has the cylindrical opening 29 in its bottom, so that the central space 31 in the interior of the evaporation pot is connected to the annular space 26 via the recess 29.

Zwischen der Wandung 24 des Verdampfungstopfes 23 und dem Zylindermantel 13 des Einsatzes 12 ist in Richtung auf den Verbrennungsraum 3 eine zylindrische Führungsfläche 35 vorgesehen, die über drei zylindrische Hohlstützen 36 mit dem Mantel 13 verbunden ist. Über den Innenraum der hohlzylindrischen Stützen steht der Ringraum 16 für die Verbrennungsluft mit dem Zentralraum 31 stromab des Verdampfungstopfes 23 in Verbindung.Between the wall 24 of the evaporation pot 23 and the cylinder jacket 13 of the insert 12, a cylindrical guide surface 35 is provided in the direction of the combustion chamber 3, which is connected to the jacket 13 via three cylindrical hollow supports 36. Via the interior of the hollow cylindrical supports, the annular space 16 for the combustion air is connected to the central space 31 downstream of the evaporation pot 23.

Die Ansicht vom Verbrennungsraum her ergibt sich aus der Figur 4.The view from the combustion chamber is shown in FIG. 4.

Die Funktion dieses Ausführungsbeispiels des Ölverdampfungsbrenners ist folgende:

  • Bei Inbetriebnahme beginnt der Motor 5 sich zu drehen und dreht über die Achse 9 sowohl das Gebläse 6 als auch den Verdampfungstopf 23. Gleichermaßen wird eine nicht dargestellte Ölförderpumpe im Zuge der Leitung 8 beaufschlagt, so daß Öl über das Mündungsstück 37 auf die Innenwandung des Verdampfungstopfes 23 gegeben wird. Die Frischluft gelangt durch das Gebläse in den Ringraum 16 und von dort über die Innenräume der Hohlstützen 36 in den Innenraum 11.
The function of this embodiment of the oil vapor burner is as follows:
  • When starting up, the motor 5 begins to rotate and rotates both the blower 6 and the evaporation pot 23 via the axis 9. Likewise, an oil feed pump, not shown, is acted upon in the course of the line 8, so that oil via the mouthpiece 37 onto the inner wall of the evaporation pot 23 is given. The fresh air passes through the blower into the annular space 16 and from there via the interior spaces of the hollow supports 36 into the interior space 11.

Das Öl verdampft unter der Hitzeeinwirkung der Flamme im Verbrennungsraum 3 an der Innenseite des zylindrischen Verdampfungstopfes und verläßt den Topf über das verbrennungsraumseitige Ende des Topfes. Unter der Injektorwirkung der in Richtung des Pfeils 38 austretenden Verbrennungsluft wird in den Ringraum 26 heißes Verbrennungsgas aus dem Verbrennungsraum 3 eingesaugt, gelangt in den Raum 11 und über die Öffnung 29 in den Innenraum 31 des Verdampfungstopfes 23. Durch die aufgrund von Konvektion durch die rezirkulierenden Verbrennungsprodukte übertragene Wärme auf die Innenseite des Verdampfungstopfes wird der Brennstoff zum Verdampfen gebracht und verläßt den Verbrennungstopf über die den Brennraum 3 zugewandten Öffnung. Auch die Außenseite des Verdampfungstopfes wird unmittelbar von den rezirkulierenden Verbrennungsgasen bestrichen, so daß der Verdampfungstopf von innen und außen erwärmt wird. Aufgrund des Zylinders 35 kann verdampfter Brennstoff nicht an kalten Gehäuseteilen des Verdampfungsbrenners kondensieren.The oil evaporates under the heat of the flame in the combustion chamber 3 on the inside of the cylindrical evaporation pot and leaves the pot via the end of the pot on the combustion chamber side. Under the injector effect of the combustion air emerging in the direction of arrow 38, hot combustion gas is sucked into the annular space 26 from the combustion space 3, enters the space 11 and via the opening 29 into the interior 31 of the evaporation pot 23. Due to the recirculating due to convection by the recirculating Heat transferred to combustion products to the inside of the evaporation pot, the fuel is evaporated and leaves the combustion pot via the opening facing the combustion chamber 3. The outside of the evaporation pot is also immediately coated by the recirculating combustion gases, so that the evaporation pot is heated from the inside and outside. Due to the cylinder 35, evaporated fuel cannot condense on cold housing parts of the evaporative burner.

Falls die Rezirkulation der Verbrennungsprodukte allein aufgrund der Injektorwirkung der Frischluft nicht ausreicht, kann gemäß Figur 3 das dem Verbrennungsraum 3 abgewandte Ende des Verdampfungstopfes 23 statt mit einem Boden 28 mit Gebläseschaufeln 40 versehen werden, die in Richtung eines Pfeils 41 rezirkulierende Verbrennungsprodukte durch die Öffnung 29 saugen, so daß wiederum der Innenraum 31 des Verdampfungstopfes 23 mit Verbrennungsprodukten beaufschlagt wird.If the recirculation of the combustion products alone is not sufficient due to the injector effect of the fresh air, according to FIG. 3 the end of the evaporation pot 23 facing away from the combustion chamber 3 can be provided with fan blades 40 instead of a bottom 28, the combustion products recirculating in the direction of an arrow 41 through the opening 29 suck, so that in turn the interior 31 of the evaporation pot 23 is subjected to combustion products.

Claims (5)

1. An oil-vapourizing burner comprising an oil supply conduit (8), an air supply conduit (4), which is provided with a blower, and a cylindrical vapourizing pot (23), which is rotatable by a motor (5) and the interior of which communicates through an axial opening (42) with a combustion space (3), wherein the outer shell (24) of the vapourizing pot is heat-insulated from the supplied air (22) by an annular space, characterized in that the other axial end of the vapourizing pot (23) has also an opening (29), through which the interior of the vapourizing pot communicates with a space which radially surrounds the pot so that the exhaust gases from the burner are recirculated for a vapourization of the oil.
2. An oil-vapourizing burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the vapourizing pot (23) is provided with swirling blades (39) for generating a vacuum in the interior of the pot.
3. An oil-vapourizing burner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vapourizing pot (23) consists of two spaced apart cylindrical walls (24, 25) and that the inner wall (25) is formed adjacent to the bottom (28) with an opening (29), which constitutes an inlet for combustion products and communicates with the annular space between the two walls of the pot.
4. An oil-vapourizing burner according to claim 3, characterized in that the vapourizing pot (23) is provided between its inner and outer walls with swirling blades (39) so that the annular space (26) between the two walls communicates with an annular space (30), which communicates with an annular space (16) for supplying air.
5. An oil-vapourizing burner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that end of the vapourizing pot (23) which is remote from the combustion space (3) is provided with switling blades, which define the opening (29).
EP81730117A 1981-01-31 1981-10-31 Oil evaporation burner Expired EP0057342B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81730117T ATE11074T1 (en) 1981-01-31 1981-10-31 OIL EVAPORATION BURNER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8102806 1981-01-31
DE8102806U 1981-01-31

Publications (3)

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EP0057342A2 EP0057342A2 (en) 1982-08-11
EP0057342A3 EP0057342A3 (en) 1983-02-09
EP0057342B1 true EP0057342B1 (en) 1985-01-02

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ID=6724283

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EP (1) EP0057342B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE11074T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3168087D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3443992A1 (en) * 1984-12-01 1986-06-05 Deutsche Babcock Werke AG, 4200 Oberhausen LOW PERFORMANCE BURNER AND METHOD FOR BURNING LIQUID FUELS
DE4126745A1 (en) * 1990-08-14 1992-02-20 Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Oil-fired heater with rotary fuel atomiser - has ring of nozzles which direct air to form cylindrical window

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191412821A (en) * 1914-05-25 1915-02-11 Julius Henry Becker Improvements in Centrifugal Burners for Oil and other Liquid Fuels.
GB156614A (en) * 1918-04-25 1922-06-06 Ballard Oil Burning Equipment Improved rotary oil burner
DE630027C (en) * 1932-08-27 1936-05-19 Junkers & Co Oil burner with a bowl-shaped atomizer that is driven by an electric motor and revolves around a vertical axis
US2559792A (en) * 1947-08-13 1951-07-10 Pietri Francois Rotary atomizing liquid fuel burner
GB751218A (en) * 1954-05-07 1956-06-27 Otto Zuellig Schmid Improvements in or relating to oil burners
DE2649669C2 (en) * 1976-10-29 1984-06-07 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Burners for liquid fuels, in particular oils

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3168087D1 (en) 1985-02-14
EP0057342A3 (en) 1983-02-09
ATE11074T1 (en) 1985-01-15
EP0057342A2 (en) 1982-08-11

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