DE3309995A1 - Elastic knitted articles and their production - Google Patents

Abstract

Permanently elastic knitted articles can be produced on flat knitting machines when there is knitted together with the basic yarn a plain elastane yarn which is drawn off overhead from the bobbin, is provided with a specific prestress by a sintered ceramic yarn brake and is transported in a rolling manner to the yarn guide of the flat knitting machine.

Description

Elastic knitwear and their manufacture The invention relates to elastic knitwear and its manufacture on flat knitting machines.

In the industrial production of knitwear, i.e. the manufacture-of textile fabrics by single thread technique, in which from a horizontally presented Thread through the knitting process a row of stitches is formed, which at the same time is pulled through the previously formed row of stitches, a distinction is made between two machine systems, the circular knitting machines and the flat knitting machines. About the respective advantages, Disadvantages and areas of application are Bela von Falkai, synthetic fibers, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim - Deerfield Beach, Florida -Basel t1981) on pages 348 to 349 for information.

On flat knitting machines predominantly outerwear parts, preferably knitted from yarn-dyed materials. The one for the finished article necessary accessories, such as ribbons, borders, borders sw., D be manufactured on the same machines or special knitting machines0 All knitted fabrics depend on the weave and the thread used due to the mesh construction a different amount of elongation with only moderate elasticity at the same time.

Depending on the yarn used (fiber yarn or textured Filament yarn} decreases this elasticity with prolonged use. The consequences can be bulging or bulging O This is particularly evident in the area of End cuffs and turtleneck negatively noticeable.

Because yarns with inherent elasticity are available, so-called Elasthan yarns, which are mainly composed of segmented polyurethanes, lies it suggests to use such yarns to achieve a permanent elasticity Spandex yarns are offered in various forms, on the one hand in their pure form, i.e.

as bare spandex yarns and on the other hand wound or spun with another type of yarn, for example a polyamide yarn. Covering yarns and covering yarns therefore consist of a so-called polyurethane core, which is covered with a second thread is wound or braided.

The processing of bare elastane yarns, wrapping and wrapping yarns count on circular knitting machines to the state of the art. Bed flat knitting machines is it is technically possible to or to use covering yarn, this is also practiced on a small scale. Failed on flat knitting machines however, so far, corresponding attempts with bare elastane yarns, especially in the finer numbers dtex 33, dtex 45, dtex 80, dtex 120, from the following Reasons: 1. By the back and forth movement of the carriage on flat knitting machines Every yarn used, including the elastane yarn used, is subject to a permanent one Alternation of increasing and decreasing tension. To alleviate this problem, the use of complex and expensive devices would be necessary.

2. To permanently elastic knitwear, preferably borders and ribbons To obtain with an increased rebound force, one has to wrap or wrapped yarns resorted to. These usually come in raw white or just a few basic colors colored on the market. If they are used in this form, it is due to from color differences to the base yarn to the undesirable effect of "grinning through", as the specialist says. If this is to be avoided, the knitter would have to use such elastane yarns Keep in stock in many colors, if possible in as many colors as the knitting yarns made of wool, polyacrylonitrile etc. This is due to the small percentage of elastane yarn, which has to be entangled, uneconomical.

3 If the knitter previously wanted to use bare spandex yarns, so stepped high number of thread breaks; essentially caused by the als osen or pens made of different materials, for example glass, porcelain, metal, Ceramic designed deflectors for the elastane thread.

The object of the invention was: 1. The incorporation of bare elastane yarns to enable secured on flat knitting machines, 2. permanently elastic knitted fabrics cheaper to manufacture than with wrapped or wrapped yarns at the same time Avoidance of the above-described disadvantages of grinning through, 3. processing of bare spandex yarn on flat knitting machines without technically complex and to enable expensive ancillary equipment, 4. items with new or improved items Functions to develop, with these articles in the clothing sector and also in the technical sector, 5. Article through defined use of bare Elastane in connection with different mesh sizes and weave variations and to develop articles with a new look, exemplarily in the following on a knitted, elastic headband described.

It has now been found that this object can be achieved if the bare spandex thread is pulled off a bobbin overhead by a sintered ceramic thread brake is braked and transported rolling to the thread guide of the flat knitting machine.

The invention therefore relates to a method for producing elastic ones Article on flat knitting machines, characterized in that together with the base yarn a bare spandex yarn is knitted, which is pulled off the bobbin overhead, Provided with a defined pre-tension by means of a sintered ceramic thread brake and is transported rolling to the thread guide of the flat knitting machine.

For example, the base yarn and elastane yarn can be transported together to the thread guide where both threads of yarn lay around each other in a random manner (wild Fold). Preferably, the elastane yarn is passed through the bobbin of the ground yarn run, causing the base yarn to wrap around the spandex yarn (fold through the bobbin). However, the separate transport of the two yarns is very particularly preferred, whereby the basic yarn can be deflected in the usual way by pins or tubes, to a plating thread guide, the spandex yarn being plated from the ground yarn, the means is covered.

A sintered ceramic thread brake gives the elastane thread a defined Bias granted, whose by the slide movement of the flat knitting machine caused fluctuations are tolerable, since an additional fluctuation of the Thread tension does not occur on the deflecting members designed as rollers.

The rollers can be made of different materials; Plastic rollers have proven themselves in the tests. The roles are everywhere attached where the running direction of the elastane thread is changed, for example when passing through the thread monitor.

The elastane yarn preferably runs through the thread brake before it is guided over any role for the purpose of changing direction. In particular the path of the spandex yarn from the bobbin to the thread brake is shorter than from the Thread brake to the thread guide. In particular, the path of the spandex yarn is from the bobbin to the thread brake less than a quarter of the way from the thread brake to the thread guide. The pre-tension applied in the thread brake is applied to the respective the desired elasticity and the respective titer used with the elastane yarn.

The elastane yarns used preferably have a titre of 33 to 120 dtex. The pretension given to them in the thread brake is preferably a Tenth of the indicated titer in cN, for example 8 cN for a titer of 80 dtex.

The electronic flat knitted goods produced according to the invention are suitable in particular for textile articles, preferably for border borders and articles in the sport and leisure sector as well as for technical and semi-technical products. A special area of application in addition to borders and borders is, also because of the variety Pattern options, the manufacture of on the forehead or the wrists Sweat to be worn on absorbent tapes made of moisture-absorbing fibers. For their production, yarns made from polyacrylonitrile fibers with a water retention capacity are used of more than 10% (German Offenlegungsschrift 27 19 019) and uses ground yarn and spandex yarn using the plating technique, you get tapes that sweat excellently are able to absorb and which externally correspond to terry articles. This novel Terrycloth look is achieved by using the base yarn to be processed in much finer Range of numbers for machine division is selected.

(About 1/2 of the usual thread counts). In knitting it will Basic yarn with the bare elastane, e.g. using the plating technique, to form an oversized stitch educated.

The great relaxation ability of the elastane thread causes a strong Contraction of the knitted fabric. The mesh heads are made of the mesh structure pushed out and form without the use of an additional terrycloth device a loop structure that resembles a typical terry cloth pattern.

If the basic yarn is used in the usual yarn thickness for machine division, Keeping the mesh smaller, you get the look of conventional knitwear in all ties, including multicolor jacquard. These bands wear due to the soft tension and the use of polyacrylonitrile with more than 10% water retention capacity much more comfortable than cotton tapes because they absorb moisture run in and press.

The invention therefore also relates to knitted sweatbands and textile segments such as medical articles such as knee and elbow warmers made of polyacrylonitrile yarns with a water retention capacity of the polyacrylonitrile fibers of more than 10% and at least 5% by weight of bare spandex yarns, based on the Weight of goods.

Claims (5)

Claims on a method for producing elastic articles Flat knitting machines, characterized in that, together with the base yarn, a bare spandex yarn is knitted, which is pulled off the bobbin overhead a sintered ceramic thread brake provided with a defined pre-tension and rolling 2 method according to claim is transported to the thread guide of the flat knitting machine 1, characterized in that the elastane yarn through the bobbin of the base yarn out and both yarns are transported together rolling to the thread guide. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that base yarn and elastane yarn are fed separately to a plating thread guide and the elastane yarn clad by ground yarn. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastane yarns Have titers of 33 to 120 dtex and they are pretensioned by the thread brake about 1/10 of the used titer (dtex) in cN are given, 5th knitted, elastic sweatbands and textile segments made of polyacrylonitrile yarns with a Water retention capacity of the polyacrylonitrile fibers of more than 10% and at least 5 wt. 8 bare spandex yarns, based on the weight of the goods,