DE2729782A1 - Dyestuff-chemical application - using spray and electrostatic field to give consistent dispersion and penetration of fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

Application of dyestuffs and/or chemicals to fabrics or non-woven materials is effected using an electrostatic field in which the dyestuff and/or chemicals are applied. Process ensures that the applied matter is accepted consistently over the whole of the fabric, on the surface and also in the core of the material. This allows the use of a wide variety of finishing and treatment materials to be applied, and also gives controlled dyed effects with unvarying results.

Description

Process for applying dyes and / or

Chemicals or finishing materials on textiles or fleeces The invention relates to a new and surprisingly advanced method for Application of dyes and / or chemicals or finishing materials Textiles or fleeces.

The application of dyes or chemicals to textiles consists usually that this is done by immersion or padding in a liquid bath experience satiety treatment. Excess liquid is then squeezed off and dried the material. If the textile material has been equipped with resins, so these are hardened, which is usually the case with Drying or also happens only after drying. When using full immersion of the material in a pad solution, however, it is disadvantageous that the material completely must be immersed, the withdrawal speed depending on the drying process. In addition, large amounts of heat are required to dry the material cause high levels of rust.

These disadvantages of the padding process for the application of textile finishing materials on textiles were made by spraying chemicals or liquids tried to bypass dispersed dyes. For spraying textiles with chemicals or liquid dyes, it is known to spray these substances by means of spray showers or Apply the compressed air as a carrier medium for the dyes or the guns Use chemicals. For example, German Patent 950 187 contains such a method and a device for making colored textiles and the like suitable for washing, in which the liquid is atomized as a mist by means of a stream of air that also serves to promote the fog. Dt-OS 24 16 221 also includes a Spray method for the application of textile finishing materials, in which a concentrated Solution of the agent sprayed onto the material as a fine, aqueous spray mist is, wherein the spray mist is generated in a device that is operated by means of compressed air is operated.

These known spray processes avoid the disadvantages of the padding process, but have serious disadvantages themselves. With the well-known spraying process, who use compressed air as a carrier medium is an even application of the dyes and / or the chemicals or textile finishing materials on the textiles possible. Turbulence occurs at the boundaries of two different spray cones, which an uneven job arises. It can also be located within a spray cone Turbulence forms directly at the outlet edge of the DUse, which leads to an uneven Distribution of the sprayed substance within a spray cone can lead.

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method of To create the genus mentioned at the beginning, with the dyes and / or chemicals or finishing materials in a completely constant application on textiles or Fleece can be applied.

The object is achieved in that, according to the invention, the dyes and / or chemicals are applied in the electrostatic field.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is im indirect electrostatic field worked.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention Process is a nebulization (= spray process, = spray process) in the form the hydraulic spray process known per se (so-called airless spray process) carried out. The liquid is used under high pressure without air as a carrier medium atomized, with only the dissolving of the dye or the chemicals at least necessary amount of liquid is atomized and sprayed onto the textiles.

According to a further preferred embodiment, according to the invention worked with so-called two-substance nozzles.

Surprisingly, with the method according to the invention achieve a whole series of technical advances: The method according to the invention enables higher production speeds in all areas of application; it is characterized by an abruptly reduced water consumption, which is very is well below the usual amounts in the padding process; there are also the Energy costs dropped by leaps and bounds as there is less moisture in the dry zone must be evaporated and thus lower costs per meter produced.

The process of the invention is semicontinuous or fully continuous for all Processes applicable regardless of the nature of Materials made from, for example, webs, flakes, non-woven articles, Warp yarns, woven piece goods or knitted piece goods as well as nonwovens can exist.

A particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that that, in contrast to the padder, it works without rollers and thus driving with high Liquor concentrations allowed without, as is the case with the methods of the state technology is the case, fleet collapse must be feared.

Another major advantage of the method according to the invention is that you have to be very pressure-sensitive material, such as Apply dyes and / or chemicals or finishing materials to velvet or pile can without changing the appearance of the goods, i.e. the method according to the invention does not affect the pressure-sensitive materials, and advantageously whose pile is preserved.

The method according to the invention can be used both after certain modifications in already existing systems as well as' n coupling with any kind of known Heating, drying, fixing and condensing processes can be carried out.

The method according to the invention can be carried out in electronic control with a problem-free cooperation between the discharge unit and the evaporation field is made possible.

Another advantage of the method according to the invention is that that the consumption of chemicals can be reduced.

A particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that that optionally the finishing and / or the application of chemicals and / or dye and / or tools both on the surface and in the core of the material to be acted upon Guts and can be achieved both on the surface and at the same time in the core.

Another advantage of the method according to the invention is that that it requires shorter set-up times than the padding process.

In difficult cases where several fleets of limited Compatibility must be applied, it enables the inventive method to carry out a simultaneous application without the risk of a collapse of the liquor would be feared.

There is an additional field of work for combined driving on, for example when naphtholizing as a result of the savings according to the invention a drying process between priming and coloring.

By when carrying out the method according to the invention successful constant uniform product order is the achievement of the greatest equality and thus a so-called optimal loss of goods both in length and width of the goods achievable.

With regard to the application of dyes and / or chemicals or finishing materials in partial widths creates the method according to the invention a new field of work that cannot be served by the foulard.

Finally, there is a particular advantage in the method according to the invention to see in it that, in contrast to the foulard, for example, also with the very largest Working widths no equality problems arise.

The practical application of the method according to the invention exists for example also in an improvement of the crease angle and the abrasion resistance of textile materials and non-woven materials of all kinds.

In summary, the following can be stated: The salient advantage of the method according to the invention compared to the known1 working with compressed air Spraying consists in applying the dye, chemicals or other textile finishing materials can be applied completely evenly to the textiles. It also brings this Process a considerable saving in drying energy, which had to be applied when padding the material, can also achieve improved hydrophobic effects with the method according to the invention. Certain Textile finishing materials, for example emulsions that are not water-soluble, could previously only be applied using an emulsifier. This However, emulsifier was noticeable in the finished product, for example in a hydrophobic finish. Now it is possible to use these substances with less Apply amount of emulsifier and anhydrous.

Furthermore, the inventive method has advantages in which Treatment of goods that cannot be fouladed, such as knitted fabrics. This can be done, for example, with caustic soda before dyeing for better Dye uptake can be sprayed using appropriate wetting agents and optionally also thickeners to ensure optimal distribution of the liquid in the spray cone. Knitted fabric runs well when treated on a padder a, which means that the original width cannot be maintained, but what by the method of the invention can be avoided entirely.

In addition, the method according to the invention has the further The advantage that textiles are only colored or treated on one side will can, for example, to achieve certain effects or color gradients, so that For example, with so-called Dbgradé articles, which have a color gradient from the one to the other is desired.

Furthermore, synthetic resin finishes can be used as textile finishing materials can be applied by means of a spray process, for example in order to be crease-free, to achieve self-smoothing properties of the fabric and abrasion resistance. Here can be consistently good with small quantities of synthetic resin finishes Achieve crease angles.

The method according to the invention can also be used in an advantageous manner can be used for water repellency. In particular, the water repellency with Smaller amounts of emulsifier can be applied, which counteract the water-repellent effect. Furthermore, a one-sided application of a water repellent is possible here, whereby advantageously the water-repellent effect of the material only from one Side is reached while the other side, for example the inside of clothes, remains breathable.

In addition, by means of the method according to the invention, so-called handle-giving finishes are produced. Certain articles become a rough one or a soft surface feel is desired. A one-sided application can be used here of Textile finishing material achieved effects on the textiles that cannot be achieved with the previous immersion processes.

Another preferred field of application of the method according to the invention consists in the uniform application of oil in the spinning mill.

In sizing according to the present invention, one becomes important Savings in drying energy achieved.

In an embodiment according to the invention for carrying out the method are airless atomizer guns (so-called airless guns) with high pressure atomization for applying dyes and / or chemicals or finishing materials on the textiles to be treated for pretreatment, bleaching, dyeing or finishing same used. In each case, only the minimum amount of liquid required is required to disperse the dye or to dissolve the chemical or other Textile finishing materials are sprayed, removing the dyes, chemicals or other textile finishing materials have a high concentration.

In a further embodiment according to the invention, several such Airless atomizer guns in a row across the width the Textile web can be applied.

Regarding the liquids, chemicals or other used Finishing materials, it is preferable that these have high surface tension for droplet formation and a low viscosity (approximately in the range between 20 to 100 cp).

Another advantage is given by the fact that the dyes and / or apply chemicals or the other finishing materials exactly partially permit.

The essence of the present invention will be explained in the following by means of test reports further explained: Test reports Preliminary remark: It was with an airless spray gun worked with appropriate pump units in the indirect electrostatic field.

The applied indirect electrostatic field had a voltage from 10 to 180 KV and the protection was 5 mA.

The grounded electrode on the back of the goods consists of one V4A sheet steel; the distance between the goods and the counter electrode is as small as possible held.

The electrode with the applied voltage is a grid electrode, Consists of a V4A steel frame in which lattice wires are less than 10 cm apart are tensioned in the direction of movement of the goods and perpendicular to it. The minimum distance to the earthed machine parts is 20 cm. The spray nozzles are not below Tension.

The following products were used for testing the liquor resistance used: Rotta-Finish 200 = self-crosslinking acrylate dispersion Roma silicone 414 = silicone emulsion Rotal 440 = paraffin emulsion Drywear 510 = methylol compounds of urea and cyclic ureas Preskasin 531 - methylol compounds of Urea derivatives F donor 505 = urea-formaldehyde compounds Dipolit 654 = non-ionic fluorocarbon emulsion.

The products were stable, eo that from the side of the liquor resistance there are no concerns.

1. Spray tests were carried out with Roma silicone 414 in conjunction with Rotta-Fix 264 on the "Lille" product from Plouoquet, Heidenheim, fiber material Polyester cotton.

Recipe: 30 g / l Roma silicone 414 9 g / l catalyst 464 50 g / l Rotta-Fix 264 5 g / l catalyst 599 The liquor uptake was in two different experiments 32.5 and 27.0%. The goods were dried and then in a Benz plant condensed. It was run at the maximum speed of the Benz dryer drove. The drying conditions were 1200C, condensation was carried out at 1500C for 4 minutes.

Tests were continued with twice the liquor concentration, where an attempt was made to reduce the order quantity by half, starting out of the 34.4% given above. The next was 23.3 * and then 10% Fleet pick-up. The liquor uptake depends on the vz @ pressure in front of the nozzle and on the Nozzle size.

The test results are from the table below No. 1 can be found.

To reduce the saturation of the goods and define the equipment To apply one-sided to the goods, attempts were made to use thickeners.

2. Finishing tests with Drywear 510 with Rotta finish 201: Recipe: 150 g / l Drywear 510 40 g / l Catalyst 590 50 g / l Rotta finish 200 Material: Pure cotton (Cotonova goods), fleet pick-up 45.7%.

The test results are in the table below II summarized.

It was dried and condensed as usual. The fleet admission was 45.7% at the normal liquor concentration, followed by double concentrated solution, again with the aim of applying the liquor reduce to half.

3. Equipment tests with Preskasin 531: Recipe: 150 gel Preskasin 531 15 g / l catalyst 598 30 g / l Badena 242 Goods: It was made of cellulose sateen used for equipment.

Order amount 43%. Table No. 1 finishing recipe: 30 g / l Roma silicone 414 9 g / l catalyst 464 60 g / l Rotta-Fix 264 6 g / l catalyst 599 Test according to the Foulard spray test Bundesmann liquor uptake 67% liquor uptake Liquor absorption Liquor absorption 34.4% 23.3% 10% Water absorption (%) 6.7 6.8 7.6 15.8 Water flow 15 5 15 140 (ml) beading effect 5 5 5 5 At a After another attempt, the amount applied was reduced to 37% and in the next attempt the liquor pick-up was 26%. Differences in order quantities were due to variations of the pre-pressure before the nozzle is reached.

The test results are in the table below 3 summarized.

Here, too, experiments were carried out with double-concentrated solutions. With the double-concentrated solution, the liquor uptake was 1. 20.7%; 2. 18.5%; 3. 12.7% and 4. 8.1%.

The test results are in the table below 4 summarized.

In comparison with padded goods, the beading effect was less when spraying from 5 to 4, the water flow from 15 to 25 ml and the water absorption from 6.7 to 13.1%, i.e. the reduced order quantity made itself felt. In the double the concentration and the liquor uptake of 34%, the Abpereffekt was 5, the water flow 5 ml and the water absorption 6.8%.

At the liquor uptake of 23%, the peeling effect was 5, the water flow 15 ml and the water absorption 7.6%. These values are on the goods used as very easy to describe. When the liquor uptake is reduced to 10%, the beading effect is achieved 5, water flow 140 ml, water absorption 15.8%.

When equipping the Cotonova goods with Drywear 510, an overview achieved the following values: Dry wrinkle angle when padding 110/121, when Spray 106/105. Wet crease angle when padding 131/130, when spraying 131/1 29

Tear strength in the warp 39.6 kp, weft 26.7 kp. After spraying Tensile strength 66.4 kp in the warp, weft 52.9 kp.

When equipping the rayon satins with Preskasin 531, the following applies to be noted: dry wrinkle angle when padding 75/92, wet wrinkle angle 980110, when spraying: dry crease angle 121/111, wet crease angle 81/95. With double Concentration of Preskasin 531 when padding dry wrinkle angle 139/145, Wet crease angle 122/100. After spraying: 98/108 and wet crease angle 67/85. Tabel No. 2 Finishing recipe: 150 g / l Drywear 510 40 g / l Catalyst 590 50 g / l Rotta finish 200 Technological test, foulard spray test, liquor uptake 67% liquor uptake 45.7% warp weft warp weft dry wrinkle angle 110 121 106 105 wet wrinkle angle 131 130 131 129 Tear strength 39.6 26.7 66.4 52.9 Table no. 3 Finishing formula: 150 g / l Preskasin 531 15 g / l catalyst 598 30 g / l Badena 242 Technologi- Foulard Sprühversuch cal liquor-to-liquor-to-liquor-to-liquor uptake Test took 65% took 43% took 37% 26.7% chain weft chain weft chain weft Chain weft dry crease 75 92 121 111 80 79 94 102 winkel wet crease angle 98 110 81 95 61 101 77 86 Table No. 4 Finishing formulation: 300 g / l Preskasin 531 30 g / l catalyst 598 60 g / l Badena 242 Techno-Foulard spray test Logical Flottenauf- Flottenauf- Flottenauf- Flottenauf- Fleet recording test took 65% took 20% took 18.5% took 12.7% 8.1% chain weft chain weft chain Shot chain shot chain shot Trochenknitterwinkel 139 140 98 108 104 80 106 120 123 111 wet crease angle 122 100 67 85 60 98 63 82 56 71

Claims (5)

Claims 1. A method for applying dyes and / or Chemicals or finishing materials on textiles or fleeces, characterized that the dyes and / or chemicals are applied in the electrostatic field. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the dyes and / or chemicals or finishing materials in indirect electrostatic Field to be applied. 3. The method according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the dyes and / or chemicals or finishing materials in the electrostatic Field can be applied by misting (= spray method, = spray method). 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the dyes and / or chemicals or finishing materials by a hydraulic spray process (= Drive airless spray method). 5. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dyes and / or chemicals or finishing materials can be applied using two-fluid nozzles.