DE102014107957B4 - Method for ventilating a room - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for ventilating a room by means of a displacement air outlet (1)
- having a longitudinal axis (3), elongated tubular body (2) having a perforations (7) having jacket (5) enclosing an interior, which forms a first air distribution space (6),
a air inlet cross section (10) arranged at a first end (9) of the tubular body (2),
- From the perforations (7) of the shell (5) formed air outlet cross sections (8) and
has an overflow cross section (34) arranged at a second end (21) lying opposite the first end (9),
- has a at the second end (21) of the tubular body (2) arranged nozzle body (24) whose interior forms a second air distribution space (25) and which has at least one nozzle (27),
a core tube (12), which is arranged coaxially to the tube body (2) and whose inner cross-section is at least partially closable by means of a closure element (22),
with the following process steps
a) Air is passed through the air inlet cross section (10) in the interior of the tubular body (2) and discharged through the perforations (7) of the shell (5) in the room.
b) air is, if necessary, in addition to the process step a) passed through the overflow cross section (34) of the first air distribution space (6) in the second air distribution space (25) and discharged through the at least one nozzle (27) in the room,
characterized by the following method steps
c) in a heating case, hot air is discharged, bypassing the core tube (12) through the perforation (7) of the jacket (5) in the room.
d) In a cooling case, cold air is discharged through the at least one nozzle (27) into the room.

Description

introduction

• - einen eine Längsachse (3) aufweisenden, langgestreckten Rohrkörper (2) aufweist, der einen Perforationen (7) aufweisenden Mantel (5) besitzt, der einen Innenraum umschließt, der einen ersten Luftverteilraum (6) bildet,
• - einen an einem ersten Ende (9) des Rohrkörpers (2) angeordneten Lufteintrittsquerschnitt (10),
• - von den Perforationen (7) des Mantels (5) gebildete Luftaustrittsquerschnitte (8) und
• - einen an einem zweiten, dem ersten Ende (9) gegenüber liegenden Ende (21) angeordneten Überströmquerschnitt (34) besitzt,
• - einen an dem zweiten Ende (21) des Rohrkörpers (2) angeordneten Düsenkörper (24) besitzt, dessen Innenraum einen zweiten Luftverteilraum (25) bildet und der mindestens eine Düse (27) aufweist,
• - ein koaxial zu dem Rohrkörper (2) angeordnetes Kernrohr (12) aufweist, dessen innerer Querschnitt mittels eines Verschlusselements (22) zumindest teilweise verschließbar ist,

mit den folgenden Verfahrensschritten

1. a) Luft wird durch den Lufteintrittsquerschnitt (10) in den Innenraum des Rohrkörpers (2) geleitet und durch die Perforationen (7) des Mantels (5) in den Raum abgegeben.
2. b) Luft wird bedarfsweise zusätzlich zu dem Verfahrensschritt a) durch den Überströmquerschnitt (34) von dem ersten Luftverteilraum (6) in den zweiten Luftverteilraum (25) geleitet und durch die mindestens eine Düse (27) in den Raum abgegeben.

The invention relates to a method for ventilating a room by means of a displacement air outlet, the

• - a longitudinal axis ( 3 ), elongate tubular body ( 2 ) having a perforations ( 7 ) jacket ( 5 ) having an interior enclosing a first air distribution space ( 6 ),
• - one at a first end ( 9 ) of the tubular body ( 2 ) arranged air inlet cross section ( 10 )
• - of the perforations ( 7 ) of the jacket ( 5 ) formed air outlet cross sections ( 8th ) and
• - one at a second, the first end ( 9 ) opposite end ( 21 ) arranged overflow cross section ( 34 ),
• - one at the second end ( 21 ) of the tubular body ( 2 ) arranged nozzle body ( 24 ) whose interior has a second air distribution space ( 25 ) and the at least one nozzle ( 27 ) having,
• a coaxial with the tubular body ( 2 ) arranged core tube ( 12 ), whose inner cross-section by means of a closure element ( 22 ) is at least partially closable,

with the following process steps

1. a) Air is introduced through the air inlet cross-section ( 10 ) in the interior of the tubular body ( 2 ) and through the perforations ( 7 ) of the jacket ( 5 ) in the room.
2. b) air is, if necessary, in addition to the process step a) by the overflow cross section ( 34 ) from the first air distribution space ( 6 ) into the second air distribution space ( 25 ) and through the at least one nozzle ( 27 ) in the room.

State of the art

Displacement air outlets are mainly used in industrial halls, which are characterized by a high ceiling height. In the heating case, heated supply air is typically ejected approximately vertically downwards, ie in the direction of the hall floor, so that the room air is heated up to close to the room floor. In the cooling case, cooled supply air is introduced approximately horizontally along the ceiling, so that the cool incoming air "trickles" onto the room floor, whereby draft-free room cooling is achieved. An essential criterion for displacement air outlets is the introduction of the air with a low pulse, so that the lowest possible mixing of the room air takes place over the height. Cooler supply air is to displace the warmer air from the bottom up without mixing with it.

From the EP 1 318 360 A2 an air outlet of the aforementioned type is known, which is composed of an outer shell and an inner shell, both outer shell and inner shell are provided with recesses or windows. Also, the known air outlet is equipped on its underside with jet nozzles, which are intended to direct heated supply air in the room in the heating case.

All known displacement air outlets the problem adheres to the fact that the comfort in the living area on hot summer days, in which the outside temperature is for example above 25 ° C, can only be achieved by an energy-consuming technical air cooling.

It corresponds to the principle of displacement ventilation that the air velocities in the occupied zone are very low. At high room temperatures, the heat emission of humans is increasingly due to sweat, increased air movement is perceived as pleasant because it promotes evaporation. At high room temperatures, such an increase in air movement would therefore be highly desirable. This possibility of cosiness is z. B. in the DIN EN ISO 7730: 2005 , Annex G described.

task

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to further develop the initially described method for ventilating a room by means of a displacement air outlet in such a way that it ensures satisfactory comfort even at high room temperatures.

solution

Starting from the method according to the preamble of claim 1, the above object is achieved in that in a heating warm air is discharged bypassing the core tube through the perforation of the shell in the clean room, whereas in a cooling cold air through the at least one nozzle in the room is discharged. This is typically done when the flow through the core tube is prevented by means of a closure member. Conditioned supply air, which is passed for example via an air conditioner in the displacement air outlet, can therefore escape from the same without passing through the core tube. The core tube can thus act as a kind of barrier, in particular as a radial flow displacer, which or which displaces the introduced airflow from the center of the displacement air outlet and causes a widening of the introduced airflow, which circumferentially pushes past the core tube. Starting from a circular cross-section of the air flow, the air flow thus receives an annular cross-section with an enlarged diameter. As a result, after passing the core tube, the air flow passes the nozzle body without being obstructed or bounced off by it. Ultimately, the air flow is still directed approximately vertically downwards in the direction of a semi-bottoms, so that the aforementioned setting - usually realized by a then closed first closure element in the core tube - especially for the heating case, in which the heated supply air as close as possible to the room floor should be led. The flow of the supply air is for the heating in the 3 drawn as a dashed line.

Even with a flow-through core tube (ie typically with open first closure element), the core tube with air impermeable wall proves to be advantageous because it ensures that at least a portion of the introduced into the displacement air inlet supply air flows through the entire length of the same without prematurely over the Leave perforations so that they also enters the second air distribution space and leaves the displacement air inlet via the nozzles, whereby partial air flows occur at a significantly higher speed. This is especially advantageous in view of the above-mentioned object with regard to sufficient cooling capacity: fresh air leaves the displacement air outlet via the perforations in the shell of the tubular body, whereby the air introduced horizontally in this way can slowly trickle down into the space. In addition, as previously mentioned, air is supplied via the nozzles into the room, resulting in highly turbulent jet streams, which are normally undesirable in the normal case, but are often desirable on hot summer days. While at room temperatures below 25 ° C high air velocities are usually perceived as drafts and thus unpleasant, on the other hand, from room temperatures of about 25 ° C is just the need to feel a fresh "wind", ie drafts, as for example, a fan causes. By the method according to the invention it is therefore possible to provide a particularly high cooling capacity and subjective sensation of coolness and freshness for hot summer days. The flow path for the aforementioned cooling case, which can also be referred to as turbulence cooling, is in the 5 illustrated by dashed lines.

As already explained, by bypassing the core tube in the heating case, the supply air flow is expanded in such a way that it is guided past the nozzle body and thus reaches the room very deeply, whereby the heating power is optimized. With regard to the cooling properties, it is possible on account of the nozzles to provide a highly turbulent flow with high flow velocity which is desired for temperatures above 25 ° C.

To achieve the maximum cooling case, the turbulence, it is advantageous if both the closure element of the core tube and a closure element of the overflow are in a maximum open position.

If the second closure element completely closes the overflow cross-section, cooling can be provided which is suitable for less warm summer days, ie a "normal case". The closure element located in its closed position prevents the ingress of supply air into the second air distribution space, ie the nozzle body, so that the tempered supply air can only leave the displacement air outlet via the perforations in the shell of the tubular body. In an outer peripheral region, the supply air leaves the pipe body already in an upper region, while the supply air, which is introduced centrally into the pipe body, first flows through the air impermeable core tube and thus abuts against the second closure element and quasi reflected and thereby deflected to the outside , Accordingly, the thus obtained air streams leaving the tubular body, obliquely directed upward. As a result, the air flows that leave the tubular body already in the upper region and are directed approximately vertically downwards, redirected. The tempered supply air therefore flows rather horizontally and trickles into the room. This cooling case can be used as a cooling case 1 be designated during the above-mentioned cooling case for the hot summer days as a cooling case 2 can be designated. A flow pattern of the supply air in cooling case 1 is in the 4 the embodiments shown.

Accordingly, in a displacement air cooling case, the closure element of the core tube is in an open position and the closure element of the overflow cross section in a complete closed position.

If the closure element of the core tube is in an open position and the closure element of the overflow cross-section is in a middle position between a maximum open position and a complete closed position, then one can speak of a central cooling case in which cooled supply air at least partially passes out of the nozzles.

With regard to the method according to the invention, it is advantageous if the adjustment of the two closure elements takes place by actuation of only one adjusting lever.

Finally, it should be noted that the various features of the subclaims can be implemented individually for themselves or for a plurality of combinations in variants of the invention.

Embodiment:

The invention described above will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment which is illustrated in the figures.

• 1: eine dreidimensionale Innenansicht eines Verdrängungsluftauslasses für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren,
• 2: eine dreidimensionale Außenansicht des Verdrängungsluftauslasses nach 1
• 3: Darstellung der Betriebsart „Heizfall“, Verschlusselement 22 ist geschlossen.
• 4: Darstellung der Betriebsart Kühlfall 1", Verschlusselement 22 ist geöffnet, Verschlusselement 35 ist geschlossen
• 5: Verschlusselemente 22 und 35 sind geöffnet
• Die 4 stellt erläuternd den Betriebsmodus „Kühlfall 1“ dar, es handelt sich nicht um eine beanspruchte Ausführungsform.

It shows:

• 1 : a three-dimensional interior view of a displacement air outlet for the method according to the invention,
• 2 : a three-dimensional exterior view of the displacement air outlet after 1
• 3 : Representation of the operating mode "heating case", closing element 22 is closed.
• 4 : Representation of the cooling mode operating mode 1" , Closure element 22 is open, shutter element 35 is closed
• 5 : Closure elements 22 and 35 are opened
• The 4 explains the operating mode "cooling case 1 "It is not a claimed embodiment.

In the 1 is a displacement air outlet 1 shown in a three-dimensional interior view, which is particularly well suited for the method according to the invention and the one elongated tubular body 2 with vertically aligned longitudinal axis 3 has. The pipe body 2 has a first interior 4 of the tubular body 2 surrounding coat 5 on, with the interior 4 a first air distribution room 6 of the displacement air outlet 1 forms. The coat 5 is with evenly distributed - not shown in the figures - perforations 7 provided, the air outlet cross sections 8th form. At a first end 9 of the tubular body 2 that in the 1 an upper end of the tubular body 2 corresponds, there is an air inlet cross section 10 , On the basis of corresponding - not shown in the figure - supply air tempered supply air into the first interior 4 arrives. The supply air can also be regulated in terms of humidity. At the upper end of the tubular body is to stiffen the same an aperture ring 11 arranged.

Inside the pipe body 2 is a cylindrical core tube 12 arranged, with the longitudinal axis 3 of the tubular body 2 with a longitudinal axis 13 of the core tube 2 coincides. The core tube 12 is by means of an annular partition 14 held in his position. Further, the core tube 12 both on a top 15 as well as at a bottom 16 open, leaving an entry area 17 of the core tube 12 and an outlet cross section 18 of the core tube 12 an inner diameter 19 the same, the inner diameter 19 between 150 mm and 315 mm. Unlike the coat 5 of the tubular body 2 is a coat 20 of the core tube 12 formed air-impermeable. The core tube 12 has a length L from 300 mm to 1000 mm, and is so in the tubular body 2 arranged that the inlet cross section 17 a distance of 150 mm to 500 mm to the first end 9 of the tubular body 2 and the outlet cross-section 18 a distance of 150 mm to 500 mm to a second end 21 of the tubular body 2 having.

Inside the core tube 12 is a first closure element 22 arranged, which is designed as a pivotable flap, so that an internal cross-section 23 of the core tube 12 is completely, partially or not closed depending on the position of the flap. In the 1 is the first closure element 22 inclined to a vertical by 30 °, so that the inner cross section 23 of the core tube 12 partially closed. It is also possible not to form the core tube cylindrical but conical, the first closure element should then be designed so that it can be easily adjusted. Also, a closure position may be provided, is completely closed in the inner diameter at the location of the closure element.

At the second end 21 of the tubular body 2 that's the first end 9 is located opposite and thus in the 1 at a lower end of the tubular body 2 is located, closes a nozzle body 24 whose interior has a second air distribution space 25 forms. The nozzle body 24 has a hexagonal cross section with six wall sections 26 on, with the wall sections 26 each parallel to the longitudinal axis 3 of the tubular body 2 run. In each of the six wall sections 26 is a nozzle 27 arranged, each having an air outlet opening 28 from the second air distribution room 25 Are defined. Here are the nozzles 27 each with a hemisphere body 29 provided within a nozzle housing 30 is pivotable, so that a discharge direction of the nozzles 27 can be adjusted individually. In the 1 are the hemisphere bodies 29 adjusted so that their central axis 31 each horizontally.

On a the pipe body 2 facing away from the nozzle body has 24 a bottom plate 32 that the second air distribution space 25 to an environment U concludes. To the the pipe body 2 facing side is in a transition between the tubular body 2 and the nozzle body 24 another aperture ring 33 arranged coaxially with the tubular body 2 is arranged and the a circular overflow cross section 34 with a smaller diameter D1 as an inner diameter D2 of the tubular body 2 leaves free. The inner diameter D2 of the tubular body 2 is between 250 mm to 630 mm, one width B of the aperture ring 33 is between 20 mm to 50 mm, so that the overflow cross section 34 a diameter D1 of between 230 mm to 580 mm. Thus, the first air distribution space 6 fluidically with the second air distribution space 25 connected.

However, the overflow cross section is 34 with a second closure element 35 partially or completely closed, wherein the second closure element 35 is again designed as a hinged flap with a round diameter. In the 1 is the second closure element 35 inclined to the vertical by 45 °, so that the overflow cross section 34 partially closed.

In the radial direction of the tubular body 2 considered, the nozzle body 24 a maximum extension 36 on that the diameter D1 of the tube body 2 exceeds 20%.

In the 2 is a three-dimensional exterior view of the displacement air outlet 1 in particular the hexagonal design of the nozzle body 24 and three of the six nozzles 27 are clearly recognizable.

The 3 shows a vertical section through the displacement air outlet 1 out 1 , wherein for the heating case, the first and second closure element 22 . 35 are closed. Based on two dashed lines 37 the airflow should be symbolized in case of heating. Heated supply air emerges from an air supply system, not shown, via the air inlet cross section 10 in the first air distribution room 6 of the displacement air outlet 1 , wherein the supply air due to the closed first closure element 22 only above the annular partition 14 can flow and the pipe body 2 already in its upper half over the perforations, not shown 7 his coat 5 leaves. The air flow is apart from a deflection at the exit from the tubular body 2 approximately vertically downwards and flows due to a relatively high preset supply air velocity in the direction of a room floor, not shown, and warms the room air accordingly. A lower area of the tubular body 2 namely, the area below the partition 14 , as well as the core tube 12 and the nozzle body 24 are not flowed through by the supply air.

The air flow in a cooling case 1 , which can also be referred to as a displacement air cooling case is in the 4 shown, with partial air flows by dashed lines 38 . 39 be symbolized. The first closure element 22 is approximately vertical and thus approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis 3 of the tubular body 2 aligned so that the cross section of the core tube 12 almost completely passable. The second closure element 35 On the other hand, it continues to be in its closed position, ie oriented horizontally, and closes the overflow cross-section 34 , In the 4 is cooled supply air in the displacement air outlet 1 initiated, with a partial air flow of the same, dashed lines 39 through the core tube 12 flows and on the closed second closure element 35 or on the horizontal section of the aperture ring 33 meets and reflects on both sides. The initially vertically downward partial air flow is thus converted into upward partial streams that are initially approximately vertical, but continue to flatten until they ultimately flow horizontally. The reflected supply air hits the supply air, which is in the outer ring area of the tubular body 2 is initiated - dashed lines 38 - and the tube body 2 over the perforations 7 leaves, wherein the reflected supply air deflects the remaining supply air, so that it also flows approximately horizontally. Put simply, the incoming air is divided into partial flows that connect the pipe body 2 leave in its upper part and the core tube 12 pass, with the latter at the second end 21 of the tubular body 2 be reflected.

Finally, the shows 5 the displacement air outlet 1 in a cooling case 2 , wherein the forming partial air flows with dashed lines 40 . 41 . 42 be illustrated. Both the first closure element 22 as well as the second closure element 35 are in an approximately vertical position and thus almost completely open (open position). As a result, it divides into the displacement air outlet 1 introduced tempered supply air flow in three, the dashed lines 40 . 41 . 42 corresponding partial flows, one of which is in the outer annular region of the displacement air outlet 1 introduced partial flow (dashed lines 40 ) the tubular body 2 already in an upper area over the perforations 7 leaves. The in the middle of the tubular body 2 incoming supply air flows through the core tube 12 , again one in the outer ring region of the core tube 12 flowing partial stream after passing through the core tube 12 the tubular body 2 in its lower area over the perforations 7 leaves (dashed lines 41 ). A partial stream flowing through the middle of the core tube passes to the outlet of the core tube 12 over the overflow cross section 34 in the second air distribution room 25 of the nozzle body 24 and leaves the latter via the six nozzles 27 due to their orientation in horizontal direction (dashed lines 42 ), due to the decreasing cross-section of the nozzles 27 sets a high exit velocity. The nozzles 27 abandoned partial flow directs the remaining partial flows according to the lines 40 and 41 also in an approximately horizontal direction. Due to the resulting turbulent flow, the cooling case 2 also be referred to as turbulence cooling.

It is obvious that by alternative adjustment of the second closure element 35 also less extreme cooling cases can be adjusted, wherein a central cooling case occurs when the second closure element 35 is in a central position, that is inclined at about 45 ° relative to the horizontal.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Verdrängungsluftauslass

2

pipe body

3

Longitudinal axis tubular body

4

first interior

5

coat

6

first air distribution room

7

perforation

8th

Air outlet cross section tubular body

9

first end tubular body

10

Air inlet cross section tubular body

11

aperture ring

12

core tube

13

Longitudinal axis core tube

14

partition

15

top

16

bottom

17

Inlet cross-section

18

Outlet cross section

19

inner diameter core tube

20

Sheath core tube

21

second end tubular body

22

first closure element

23

inner cross section

24

nozzle body

25

second air distribution space

26

wall section

27

jet

28

Air outlet opening

29

Hemisphere body

30

nozzle housing

31

central axis

32

baseplate

33

aperture ring

34

overflow cross

35

second closure element

36

maximum extension

37 - 42

dashed line

L

Length core tube

U

Surroundings

D1

Diameter overflow cross section

D2

Diameter tubular body

B

width

Claims (3)

A method of ventilating a room by means of a displacement air outlet (1), comprising - an elongate tubular body (2) having a longitudinal axis (3) and a jacket (5) having perforations (7) enclosing an interior space defining a first one Luftverteilraum (6), - one at a first end (9) of the tubular body (2) arranged air inlet cross-section (10), - of the perforations (7) of the shell (5) formed air outlet cross-sections (8) and - at a second, has an overflow cross section (34) arranged opposite the first end (9), has a nozzle body (24) arranged at the second end (21) of the tubular body (2), the interior of which forms a second air distribution space (25) and the at least one nozzle (27) has, - a coaxial with the tubular body (2) arranged core tube (12) whose inner cross-section is at least partially closed by means of a closure element (22) t, with the following method steps a) Air is passed through the air inlet cross section (10) in the interior of the tubular body (2) and discharged through the perforations (7) of the jacket (5) in the room. b) air is, if necessary, in addition to the process step a) passed through the Überströmquerschnitt (34) from the first air distribution space (6) in the second air distribution space (25) and discharged through the at least one nozzle (27) in the room, characterized by the following steps c) in a heating case, hot air is discharged, bypassing the core tube (12) through the perforation (7) of the jacket (5) in the room. d) In a cooling case, cold air is discharged through the at least one nozzle (27) into the room. Method according to Claim 1 , characterized in that in a turbulence cooling both the closure element (22) of the core tube (12) and a closure element (35) of the overflow cross section (34) are in a maximum open position. Method according to Claim 1 , characterized in that in a central cooling case, the closure element (22) of the core tube (12) in an open position and the closure element (35) of the overflow cross section (34) are in a middle position between a maximum open position and a full closed position.

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