CN1890514A - Chemical heat pump working according to the hybrid principle - Google Patents
Chemical heat pump working according to the hybrid principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN1890514A CN1890514A CNA2004800364642A CN200480036464A CN1890514A CN 1890514 A CN1890514 A CN 1890514A CN A2004800364642 A CNA2004800364642 A CN A2004800364642A CN 200480036464 A CN200480036464 A CN 200480036464A CN 1890514 A CN1890514 A CN 1890514A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/04—Heat pumps of the sorption type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/16—Materials undergoing chemical reactions when used
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
- F25B17/08—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt
- F25B17/086—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt with two or more boiler-sorber/evaporator units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B35/00—Boiler-absorbers, i.e. boilers usable for absorption or adsorption
- F25B35/04—Boiler-absorbers, i.e. boilers usable for absorption or adsorption using a solid as sorbent
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
In a chemical heat pump installation two identical main units are provided, each one including a reactor and one condenser/evaporator integrated in the same container (100). One main unit is charged while the other one e.g. produces cooling. Large energy amounts are consumed in the switching operation when the unit that has been charged is to be cooled and the unit that has produced cooling is to be heated. To reduce these amounts of energy each of reactor and condenser/evaporator are divided in two further vessels. The condenser/evaporator has one part (3), in which the heat exchanger (3.3) thereof is placed, and one collecting part (4), in which the volatile liquid in its condensed shape is stored. In the same way, the reactor has a part (1), in which the heat exchanger (1.3) and the filter (1.2) thereof are placed, and a collecting part (2), in which solution of the active substance in the volatile liquid is stored. By this division only a small portion of the current mass has to change its temperature in the switching operations that hence can be made significantly more rapidly. A large gain in cooling efficiency can be obtained in an installation having two main units. Furthermore, no valves are required on the vacuum side.
Description
The application requires to enjoy priority and other rights and interests that the application number of submitting on December 8th, 2003 is the Swedish patent application of No.0303304-0, and its content is incorporated herein by quoting as proof.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chemical heat pump and a kind of sprinkler or distributor that is used for heat exchanger, relate in particular to a kind of being used for the dissemination apparatus of spray liquid to the heat exchanger of chemical heat pump according to hybrid principle work.
Background technology
In the chemical heat pump that discloses in disclosed International Patent Application WO 00/37864, this chemical heat pump comes work according to a special process, is referred to herein as hybrid principle, hybrid method or hybrid process.
In the formerly known heat pump, all energy are stored in the master unit.This master unit is always with poised state work and therefore warm always.In the so-called slave unit that works alone fully with master unit, the refrigeration or the heat supply of obtaining AC (air-conditioning) system for building.As long as energy is stored in the master unit, the material of water and loading can be transferred in the slave unit, and this slave unit can produce heat or cold around the clock when needs provide heat or cold.The heat that is used for hot water directly obtained from master unit at night, obviously master unit heat always.
This equipment need be as at least three kinds of valves so that be communicated with between master unit and slave unit.Yet valve has used the medium that catalytic action is arranged for solid matter in equipment, the risk that this has unsafe influence and causes leakage usually.Therefore, there is the demand that reduces valve quantity.
Usually, the equipment of prior art comprises first container, and it is called gatherer or reactor, wherein comprises heat release ground and absorbs adsorbate and the material of heat absorption ground with the adsorbate desorption.This first container is connected with another container that is called condenser/evaporator via conduit.This second container makes liquid adsorbate flash to the evaporimeter of gaseous sorbate as making gaseous sorbate be condensed into the condenser of liquid adsorbate when heat absorption ground is with this material desorption in first container and being used as when heat release ground absorbs this adsorbate in first container.This material in first container directly contacts with first heat exchanger, in this first heat exchanger this material again with the mode of liquid flow from the ambient atmosphere environment obtain heat or towards periphery atmospheric environment heat is provided.Liquid in condenser/evaporator directly contacts with second heat exchanger in an identical manner, in second heat exchanger this liquid again with the mode of liquid flow from the ambient atmosphere environment obtain heat or towards periphery atmospheric environment heat is provided.In order to make that this heat pump can be according to hybrid principle work, first heat exchanger is in being in the net or filter that solid-state material is comprised in the fine mesh in first container.The solution that forms this material of liquid form is present in the bottom of first container and is collected near first heat exchanger and is arranged in free space below first heat exchanger.Solution is sprayed onto on first heat exchanger from this space by conduit and pump.
Summary of the invention
A purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of chemical heat pump according to hybrid principle work, and the valve quantity of portion reduces within it.
A purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of equipment that comprises according to the chemical heat pump of hybrid principle work, and this equipment has higher efficient.
Chemical heat pump according to hybrid principle work roughly comprises the reactor part, in this reactor part, when load phase, the active material that is in dissolved state changes solid state into and remains in the reactor part, volatile liquid desorption and simultaneously/be evaporated thereafter subsequently, and in this reactor part, in unloading phase, the active material that is in its solid state absorbs the steam of volatile liquid and changes dissolved state into.In addition, this chemical heat pump comprises the condenser/evaporator part, in this condenser/evaporator part, when load phase, the steam of volatile liquid is assigned to receive and be condensed into liquid state by reactor section, and remains in this condenser/evaporator part, and in this this condenser/evaporator part, in unloading phase, at least a portion of volatile liquid is evaporated and formed steam is transferred to the reactor part.
In addition, roughly provide chemical heat pump or the heating power machine that does not have valve at inlet side.This principle is utilized two identical master units.Each master unit comprises reactor and the condenser/evaporator that is integrated in the same casing.One of them master unit can be loaded, and another master unit can for example freeze simultaneously.A shortcoming of this principle is, needs big energy when this process conversion or the change of process direction.The unit that has been loaded will be cooled, and the unit that has freezed will be heated.Therefore, this conversion work needs long-time, and the energy that transmits in cooling procedure is main loss in this system.In experiment, verified its needs about 30-50 minute.This machine is idle and does not provide cold for building/apartment in this time period.
Therefore, in order to improve this situation, each in reactor and the condenser/evaporator is divided into two other containers.Condenser/evaporator has part that wherein is provided with heat exchanger and the collection part that wherein accommodates the volatile liquid that is in its condensed form, and this condensed form is generally water.In addition, reactor has the collection part of part that wherein is provided with heat exchanger and filter and the solution that wherein stores the active material that is in the volatile liquid state.
By such separation, in conversion operations, have only a spot of existing amount must change its temperature.Therefore, conversion operations can obviously be implemented quickly, and it can be finished being lower than in 10 minutes according to experiment.In actual applications, can obtain obvious raising, wherein in the desired procedure pattern, can not take place in principle that one of them master unit fully unloads and another master unit fully loads for cooling effectiveness by utilizing two master units.
Therefore, a kind of like this chemical heat pump is provided basically, it comes work by suitable active material that is generally slaine and the volatile liquid that is generally water, volatile liquid can be absorbed and desorption by this active material under relevant temperature, the temperature difference that between relevant temperature, has constant, so that in the interval range between described temperature when this volatile liquid desorption this active material be solid-state little by little from the state-transition that is dissolved in this volatile liquid, be generally crystalline state.More particularly, volatile liquid can be when first temperature by active material absorb and when the second higher temperature by the active material desorption, so that make active material under first temperature, be in solid state, active material is from solid-state liquid state or the solution state of partly changing immediately when active material absorbs volatile liquid or its steam, and under second temperature, have the liquid state of being in or solution state, when volatile liquid scatters and disappears, its vapor phase particularly, active material partly changes solid state into immediately from its liquid state or solution state.
In addition, this chemical heat pump comprises: reactor part, this reactor partly have first heat exchanger that is positioned at wherein.This active material always is retained in this reactor part and therein solid-state and be dissolved between the state in this volatile liquid and change.In addition, be provided with the condenser/evaporator part, this condenser/evaporator partly has second heat exchanger that is positioned at wherein.In this condenser/evaporator part, have only this volatile liquid always to be retained in this condenser/evaporator part with the amount that changes, this volatile liquid evaporates and condensation therein.Passage/the path that only is used for vapor/gas extends between this reactor part and this condenser/evaporator part and is connected.Sprinkler or distributor can be arranged in the reactor part, so that the active material that makes active material in liquid promptly be in dissolved state contacts with solid matter with first heat exchanger.In an identical manner, sprinkler or distributor can be arranged in the condenser/evaporator part, so that make that being in its liquid volatile liquid contacts with second heat exchanger.
Like this, in the reactor part:
-in load phase, the active material that is in its dissolved state changes solid state into and remains in the reactor part, volatile liquid then by desorption and evaporation simultaneously/thereafter and
-in unloading phase, the active material that is in its solid-state state absorbs the steam of volatile liquid and changes dissolved state into,
And in the condenser/evaporator part:
-in load phase, the steam of volatile liquid divide to be accepted by reactor section and is condensed into liquid state and remains in the condenser/evaporator part,
-in unloading phase, at least a portion of volatile liquid is evaporated, and formed steam is transferred to the reactor part.
Advantageously, this reactor partly is divided into two independent containers, that is to say, reactor vessel and reactor surge vessel, reactor vessel realize volatile liquid be absorbed in this active material/with this active material desorption, and after desorption when active material be in solid-state or during non-dissolved state this reactor vessel comprise or store this active material, and the collection container of reactor is used for collecting and storing this active material when active material is in the state that is dissolved in this liquid.Can realize thus: store or be retained in the temperature that material temperature in this reactor surge vessel does not depend on the desorption temperature of this volatile liquid in reactor vessel and makes its evaporation.
Advantageously, in an identical manner, this condenser/evaporator partly is divided into two independent containers, i.e. condenser/evaporator container and the collection container that is used for the condenser/evaporator container.The condenser/evaporator container realizes being retained in the evaporation/condensation of the amount of volatile liquid in this condenser/evaporator part, and this collection container is used for collecting the volatile liquid of the state that is in its liquid/condensation and being used for storing volatile liquid at this chemical heat pump loading procedure at this chemical heat pump uninstall process.Can realize thus: store or be retained in the temperature that material temperature in this condenser/evaporator part collection container does not depend on evaporation/condensation in the condenser/evaporator container.
In addition, the collection container that is used for reactor is advantageously located at the horizontal plane place below the reactor vessel, and in an identical manner, and the collection container that is used for the condenser/evaporator part is located at the horizontal plane place below the condenser/evaporator container.The collection container that is used for condenser/evaporator be positioned at reactor surge vessel under.The condenser/evaporator container be advantageously located at reactor vessel directly over or on it, only separate by partition wall.Passage/the path of gases/vapors is arranged in this partition wall.
Usually reactor part and condenser/evaporator part can form by the space in single casing, and casing is also referred to as partition wall by suitable inwall and is divided into different parts.
Advantageously, first pump is arranged such that the active material circulation.This first pump is connected on the reactor surge vessel, so that make the active material that is in its dissolved state flow through first heat exchanger, and this first pump is also connected in the outlet of reactor vessel.Like this, but be not provided with any outside regulate or the situation of control device under balance liquid flow and liquid level.Therefore, in load phase, first pump is arranged to liquid is pumped into distributor or sprinkler in reactor vessel from reactor surge vessel.This first pump also is pumped into distributor or sprinkler in reactor vessel with liquid from this collection container that is used for condenser/evaporator in loading family's end.
In unloading phase, second pump is arranged to liquid is pumped into the condenser/evaporator container and is used for condenser/evaporator distributor or applicator device partly from this collection container that is used for condenser/evaporator, and it is provided with and is positioned at the second heat exchanger place in the condenser/evaporator container.
In addition, the condenser/evaporator container comprises the urgent liquid container with finite volume, and it so connects and locatees, and, is convenient to admit the limited amount condensate liquid of volatile liquid that is.This urgent liquid container is connected to the first delivery side of pump conduit via the connecting path that comprises sealing gland, and this delivery channel comprises circulating of the active material that is in its dissolved state that flows through.Temperature difference between active material in this circulates and the condensate liquid in this urgent liquid container can prevent to flow into this delivery channel from urgent liquid container in the normal course of operation at this chemical heat pump.Like this, the connecting path between urgent liquid container and the outlet conduit can comprise check-valves, and it is arranged to prevent that the active material that is in dissolved state from undesirably flowing into this urgent liquid container.
Filter in reactor part or network arrangements are under first heat exchanger and be arranged to be convenient to remain in the active material of its solid-state state.This filter or net are configured to upwards open basket and are arranged in the reactor vessel thus.This filter or net are configured to comprise overflow mechanism, so as at solution with the excessive speeds supply and be dispersed under the situation on the heat exchanger of reactor, make the solution that may comprise solid matter directly flow to the collection container of reactor.
In addition, can set up the connecting path of another the passive form between reactor vessel and the reactor surge vessel according to control or selection, the conduit that does not promptly have pump is so that realization remains on the mixing of the amount of the active material that is in its dissolved state in reactor vessel and the reactor surge vessel.Like this, flowing to flowing of its collection container from reactor vessel through this connecting path only realizes by gravity.One control module can be arranged to set up connecting path between reactor vessel and the reactor surge vessel based on the temperature in the reactor vessel, sets up this connection when low with this temperature of box lunch.In addition, this control module comprises temperature sensor, and wherein variations in temperature changes corresponding to the position of mechanical part, and perhaps variations in temperature is transformed into mechanical power, particularly can comprise bimetal leaf parts or memory metal part or comprise wax or the parts of gas.
Used two sprinklers in this heat pump, a sprinkler is used for scattering the solution of reactor part, and a sprinkler is used for scattering the water of condenser/evaporator part.These sprinklers with spray liquid on the surface of corresponding heat exchanger, and their sprinkler arms that can be configured to simple spray equipment or be configured to rotate.In the sprinkler of sprinkler arm with rotation, the sprinkler arm promptly drives by reaction force by the liquid that flows out, under the flow variation and the sometimes very little situation that flows, in the reactor part, especially may occur that, at this moment, the sprinkler arm can not carry out any rotatablely moving, but remains on same position in the long or short time period, so the liquid of all outflows same surface of heat of wetting interchanger only.On the contrary, in order to realize rotatablely moving and distribute the liquid on the different surfaces of heat exchanger in this case, can utilize gravity.Usually, this flusher can be used for spray liquid to the surface of any heat exchanger.
A kind of sprinkler by weight-driven roughly comprises: the sprinkler arm of at least one approximate horizontal, it has at least one exit opening that is used for liquid, an and supporting arrangement, impel when rotatablely moving at this liquid mobile, installing by this that this sprinkler arm is mounted to can be around a roughly vertical rotating shaft rotation.This sprinkler arm can be an approximate horizontal, perhaps horizontal by a low-angle.When the exit opening of liquid from the sprinkler arm flows out, in specific embodiments, blade or raise liquid device and drive the sprinkler upper-arm circumference and rotate around rotating shaft.Particularly, blade or raise liquid device and comprise blade or raise liquid wheel, and comprise at least one blade or raise the liquid sheet, this at least one blade or raise the liquid sheet and be arranged to admit the liquid that flows out this exit opening with rotating shaft.By in the blade or the weight of raising the liquid of admitting in the liquid sheet, and make blade or raise the liquid sheet and be emptied on the surface that is positioned at the heat exchanger below the sprinkler around rotating shaft rotation and the liquid that will be admitted subsequently.Like this, drive unit is connected with rotating shaft, so that it is at blade or raise and make the axle rotation of sprinkler upper-arm circumference around the sprinkler arm in the process of liquid wheel rotation.
Advantageously, blade or raise the liquid wheel or blade or raise the liquid sheet roughly be positioned at the sprinkler arm under so that in the rotatablely moving of sprinkler arm, realize and of identical rotatablely move of sprinkler upper-arm circumference around rotating shaft.In addition, each blade or to raise the liquid sheet be elongated, it comprises the space that groove forms, its direction along the axle that leaves the sprinkler arm is extended.Driving wheel and blade or the rotating shaft of raising the liquid wheel are connected, so that combine with the circular path that is fixedly arranged.Blade or raise liquid wheel and the rotary course of rotating shaft in, driving wheel is driven and is rotated and moves against this circular path along this path by friction, and makes blade or raise liquid and take turns and rotate around this axle and sprinkler arm thus.This sprinkler arm can suitably comprise the pipeline with elongate slot or at least one hole, and notch and hole are arranged in the topmost of this pipeline especially.
Set forth other purpose and advantage of the present invention hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing and in conjunction with describing in detail, part purpose wherein and advantage are conspicuous in specification, perhaps can understand in implementing process of the present invention.By the method that in accompanying Claim, limits, process, equipment and combination thereof, can realize and obtain objects and advantages of the present invention especially.
Description of drawings
Although in accompanying Claim, define new feature of the present invention, but by with reference to the following drawings and in conjunction with the detailed description of non-limiting embodiment, can understand the feature of of the present invention these and other better, and understand design of the present invention and content, and obtain comprehensively to understand for the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 a shows the schematic diagram of chemical heat pump;
Fig. 1 b shows the schematic diagram of the alternate embodiment of chemical heat pump;
Fig. 2 shows the block diagram of the aircondition that is driven by chemical heat pump;
Fig. 3 a shows the schematic diagram of sprinkler; With
Fig. 3 b shows from the schematic diagram of the sprinkler shown in Fig. 3 a of the end intercepting of sprinkler arm.
The specific embodiment
Figure 2 illustrates the most important parts of the air-conditioning equipment that the identical master unit 200 by two alternations drives.Each master unit comprises reactor and the condenser/evaporator that is arranged in the casing.Master unit comprises the upper and lower heat exchanger 210,220 that is respectively applied for reactor and condenser/evaporator.Should go up heat exchanger and can be connected to the element AC that is intended to cool off house/apartment for example or office, perhaps be connected to cooling medium cooler OC via triple valve 230.This time heat exchanger can be connected to cooling medium cooler OC or is connected to the heated element of certain suitable mode, for example solar panel SP via triple valve 240.By the suitable setting of described triple valve, one of them master unit can be loaded, and another master unit for example can freeze at element AC.Have been found that when one of them master unit from refrigeration change into load and simultaneously another master unit change into when beginning to freeze from loading, lot of energy consumption is in this change or consume in the conversion of so-called system.In the master unit of conventional structure, these conversion operations need the long time.Below will describe only needs the short time to carry out the chemical heat pump unit of conversion operations.
First embodiment of the heating power machine that schematically shows chemical heat pump or refrigeration or heat in Fig. 1 a, it is configured to roughly according to coming work as above-mentioned International Patent Application WO 00/37864 described process.This machine comprises the vacuum-tight casing 100 as critical piece, and this casing is divided into different parts or container by a plurality of partition walls, is also referred to as the chamber.Reactor vessel 1 also abbreviates reactor as, and this reactor vessel is by separating with reactor surge vessel 2 at its place, bottom, that tilt a little, flat and partition wall 110 impermeability, and reactor surge vessel 2 also can abbreviate first collection container as.Reactor vessel 1 is located to extend in the condenser/evaporator container 3 in the top, condenser/evaporator container 3 also can abbreviate condenser/evaporator as, and reactor vessel 1 separates by partition wall 120 and condenser/evaporator container 3, this partition wall 120 has horizontal bottom as shown in the figure in this embodiment, and its center extends partially into gas pipeline 3.4, and gas pipeline 3.4 extends upward from this partition wall.By separating with the collection container 4 that is used for this condenser/evaporator at its place, bottom, that tilt a little, flat and partition wall 110 impermeability, collection container 4 also can abbreviate second collection container as to reactor surge vessel 2 in the mode identical with reactor vessel.
In reactor vessel 1, be provided with heat exchanger 1.3, it is also referred to as heat exchanger unit, and the heat exchanger 3.3 of a correspondence is arranged in the condenser/evaporator container 3.In addition, be provided with filter 1.2 in reactor vessel 1, it is also referred to as the reactor filter and is commonly referred to as separator and is arranged on below the heat exchanger 1.3 so that separate and the collection solid matter.
Now suppose this machine when it starts less than loading, that is, be not in solid-state active material and be present in this machine.
Subsequently, this active material is present in the collection container 2 of reactor as solution.Being connected first outlet at bottom 1.7 of reactor vessel 1 and the valve 2.3 in the conduit 2.2 between the reactor surge vessel closes.Have only a spot of volatile liquid to be generally the collection container 4 that water is retained in the condenser/evaporator bottom that is positioned at casing 100.The first pump P1 starts when the second pump P2 turn-offs.These pumps are also referred to as the sprinkler pump, and it is respectively applied for the heat exchanger 1.3 of reactor and the heat exchanger 3.3 of condenser/evaporator.
Heat for example is supplied to the heat exchanger 1.3 of reactor from solar panel SP, referring to Fig. 2, and the heat exchanger 3.3 of condenser/evaporator for example is cooled by cooling medium condenser OC.
When the first pump P1 starts, solution is flowed through outlet at bottom 2.1 and the conduit 132 with the check-valves 2.4 that is connected wherein of flowing through so that flow to and the inlet of first pump of flowing through from the bottom of the collection container 2 of reactor, upwards flow to the sprinkler 1.4 at the top that is arranged in reactor vessel 1 through the first delivery side of pump pipe 131 and inlet tube 1.6, thereby be dispersed on the surface of heat exchanger 1.3 of reactor.This sprinkler can be configured to the conventional spiral arm around the center rotation, this spiral arm have the central supply source and since the reaction force of the liquid generation of flowing out rotate.The sprinkler arm can be provided with a plurality of little outlet openings or be provided with two big exit openings in each end of spiral arm.These openings can suitably be arranged to leave the different distance of mounting center of sprinkler arm 4.1, so that can be arrived all surface of the heat exchanger 1.3 of reactor by the spray fluid of first pump P1 generation.
Like this, this solution is dispersed on the heat exchanger 1.3 of reactor by sprinkler 4.1, and solution is from flow through filter 1.2 and be in second outlet at bottom 1.5 of the bottom of reactor vessel 1 of this heat exchanger, solution turns back to first pump from reactor vessel once more through conduit 133 like this, and this conduit 133 extends to the inlet of the first pump P1 from this outlet at bottom.This is engraved in this solution that circulates in the reactor vessel and also is loaded thus by heat exchanger 1.3 heating apace.In loading procedure, steam flows to condenser/evaporator container 3 through gas pipeline 3.4 from reactor vessel 1, steam condensation on the surface of the heat exchanger 3.3 of condenser/evaporator in condenser/evaporator container 3, and flow downward and flow into the collection container 4 of condenser/evaporator from this conduit via another conduit 136 through condenser/evaporator outlet of container 3.5 and through conduit 135, this another conduit 136 is connected with the bottom inlet that is used for this collection container 4/outlet 4.1, and this outlet 3.5 is arranged on the place, the bottom that is formed by partition wall 120 of this condenser/evaporator container.Solution amount in reactor vessel reduces subsequently, and another new solution splashes into continuously, thereby this another new solution is pumped via the inlet that conduit 132 and check-valves 2.4 flow to the first pump P1 from the collection container 2 of reactor.This solution is more and more denseer subsequently, and dissolving active little by little changes into solid-stately, promptly forms crystal, and they have the reactor filter 1.2 basket shape and that be arranged in reactor vessel 1 by collection and collect.
Because by the vibration that the collection container 2 and the pressure differential between the reactor vessel 1 of reactor causes, the solution that check-valves 2.4 can prevent heat enters into the collection container 2 of reactor from the outlet 1.5 of reactor vessel via the conduit 132,133 that all is connected with the inlet of the first pump P1.Its purpose is to make that the collection container 2 of reactor keeps cold state.By this way, loading procedure continues, and keeps roughly all active materials in this machine up to the collection container 2 emptying solution of reactor and reactor vessel, and this active material is in solid-state subsequently.
Pipeline 1.1 extends between reactor vessel 1 and reactor surge vessel 2, it for example can medially be provided with and be intended to the pressure differential between balanced these containers, and promptly extend upward the inside of a distance from the upper wall of reactor surge vessel, for example upwards roughly extend to its center to reactor vessel from partition wall 110.As shown in the figure, reactor filter 1.2 can be constructed with the basket of the upward opening of annular shape, so that receive the crystal of active material, promptly receives solid-state active material.Subsequently, this pipeline 1.1 that is provided with placed in the middle in the lug boss of the location placed in the middle of filter, extend upward and in filter the position opening below macropore 1.8 a little, for example make by the metallic plate that is arranged in this position.Solution can be through the hole 1.8, second outlet at bottom 1.5 and the conduit 133 of reactor vessel directly turn back to the first pump P1, and filter 1.2 can not allow solution to compare fully high speed with the speed of the first pump P1 pumping solution through flowing through in its bottom and aperture or mesh on its sidepiece in this case.
The water of condensation finally is collected in second collection container 4.Before loading closed to an end, when this container was full of, the liquid level in the pipeline 135 between the outlet at bottom 3.5 of the bottom of the inlet of the second pump P2 and condenser/evaporator container 3 raise.After a period of time, to such an extent as to the very high feasible water that is condensed into of this liquid level enters condenser/evaporator container 3 through outlet at bottom 3.5.When this liquid level reached predetermined altitude in condenser/evaporator container 3, the water that is condensed into turned back to the top of reactor vessel 1 through overflow pipe 3.9 from the condenser/evaporator container.This load phase finishes this moment, but does not also acquire the fuel factor from solar panel.Unshowned sensor can be arranged on the porch that overflow pipe 3.9 enters reactor vessel 1, under normal circumstances is hot at this position overflow pipe.When being in completely total stress state, this sensor detects current through overflow pipe 3.9 and cool off this pipeline and the temperature that causes descends, and this sensor can provide the signal that shows that this heat pump loads fully thus.
This process can be changed by alternate manner this moment.
The heat exchanger 1.3 of reactor is cooled this moment, and the heat exchanger 3.3 of condenser/evaporator 3 is connected with AC (air-conditioning) system of building.The second pump P2 is activated.Possible rest solution in reactor vessel 1 is cooled with the salt in filter 1.2, and salt is the crystal of active material or the solid state of this active material.Water is pumped via conduit 137 by the second pump P2, so that flow through the heat exchanger 3.3 in the condenser/evaporator container, and water at first rises to the inlet 3.6 of high part that is in condenser/evaporator container 3 from conduit subsequently.From this inlet, this water arrives the urgent liquid container 3.2 that is arranged between two parties in the condenser/evaporator container, and it has less volume and therefore can receive the limited water yield.In addition, current limit one of this urgent liquid container flows through the sidepiece that is arranged in urgent liquid container around the spout hole 3.8 of partition wall 150 from this container 3.2 sprinkler container 3.1 through being arranged in, and water flows through the heat exchanger 3.3 of condenser/evaporator from this via the opening in the sprinkler container bottom.This has the flusher of the sprinkler container of bottom opening as condenser/evaporator container 3, and in fact as spray equipment.
Can not receive at sprinkler container 3.1 under the situation of all water, unnecessary current are through overflow pipe 3.11, and this overflow pipe extends downwardly into from the highest portion of condenser/evaporator container 3 and passes the condenser/evaporator container in the sprinkler container 3.1 and at heat exchanger 3.3 openings that are positioned at wherein.Thereafter, water is flowed through pipeline 135 so that flow to the inlet of the second pump P2 once more through the outlet 3.5 of condenser/evaporator container 3.When reactor vessel 1 is cooled, be arranged on first outlet at bottom 1.7 of reactor vessel and the ball valve 2.3 in the conduit 2.2 between the reactor surge vessel 2 and be opened, two containers are that in fact reactor vessel 1 and its collection container 2 form single main reactor or reactor unit subsequently.Salt in filter 1.2 dissolves lentamente, and increasing solution is collected in the collection container 2 of reactor.It is acceptable having only the chilling temperature that medium provided of this AC system of outflow, and this process is proceeded.
Ball valve 2.3 is controlled based on the temperature of reactor vessel 1, and for example the bottom place that reactor vessel is set by use temperature sensor/controller unit 1.9 of promptly being positioned at the top surface of partition wall 110 is realized.This temperature sensor/controller unit can roughly comprise sensor, wherein variations in temperature changes corresponding to the position of mechanical part in a not shown manner, perhaps variations in temperature is transformed into mechanical power, particularly can comprise bimetal leaf parts or memory metal part or comprise wax or the parts of gas, so that can directly influence the work of ball valve 2.3 by mechanical system.
Under the situation of power interruptions, pump P1, P2 shut down.Subsequently, the active material in the surplus solution in the conduit and the first pump P1 has the risk that is condensed into crystal.In order to prevent that it from taking place, and can be used to the water from urgent liquid container.In normal course of operation, the pumping liquid level in the outlet conduit 131 that leaves the first pump P1 is specified to the pumping liquid level of liquid level of the inlet duct 1.6 of the sprinkler 1.4 that is higher than a little in reactor vessel 1.Since in the cleanser conduit 3.10 of downstream loop promptly in the horizontal component of this pipeline formed steam stop (sealing gland), water from urgent liquid container 3.2 can not flow downward through cleanser conduit 3.10 in normal course of operation, and cleanser conduit 3.10 extends to the inlet duct of the sprinkler of reactor vessel from the bottom of urgent liquid container.The check-valves 3.7 that is connected in the cleanser conduit prevents that solution is owing to thereby for example compression shock enters into condenser/evaporator container 3.After the first pump P1 that causes owing to for example failure of current shuts down; thereby water is flowed through the delivery channel 131 of the first pump P1 downwards so that flow to this first pump and clean this conduit and first pump from urgent liquid container 3.2 through check-valves 3.7 and cleanser conduit 3.10 and through sealing gland wherein, makes it avoid the influence of salting liquid.
Identical process can be used for being intended to make winning the pump shutdown so that carry out so-called flushing operation.This means and to make wittingly and be back to reactor vessel via cleanser conduit 3.10 and from this pipeline flow-direction inlet duct 1.6 be used for the sprinkler 1.4 of the heat exchanger 1.3 of reactor, so that remove the salt residue that after long-term the use, gathers from the water of condenser/evaporator container 3.2.
In above-mentioned heat pump, the pipeline that is positioned at the outside that the saturated solution that can be provided with wherein has heat flows.In order to prevent in these pipelines and pump, crystallization to occur, can use the heating sheath.The heating sheath for example can comprise copper pipe with aluminium foil outsourcing and porous heat-insulating spare commonly used thereon.This copper pipe can heat by the energy source of heat pump by day and can be by independent resistance-type immersion heater at night.In order to substitute such sheath, can adopt the resistance-type fire-bar that utilizes the paper tinsel coiling.In the variant embodiment of the heat pump shown in Fig. 1 b, solution pump promptly the first pump P1 be provided with below the reactor part and particularly be arranged on reactor surge vessel 2 under so that pump case and inlet duct thereof and outlet conduit are positioned in the casing 100.Like this, the temperature of these pipelines is identical with solution, and has prevented from crystallization to occur in these pipelines.
The crystal that produces in the load phase of heat pump and move may cause going wrong in the first pump P1 and the sprinkler 1.4 at reactor vessel 1 in the transfer process of heat pump, may cause work to stop under worst situation.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 b, be provided with additional filtering device 1.10, be also referred to as the pump strainer of reactor vessel, it is installed in the porch of the first pump P1.The inlet of this pump manufactures the pipeline 1.11 as the extension of reactor surge vessel 2, and from its bottom 110 downward extend past whole reactor collection containers 2 medially.The substructure of reactor vessel becomes frustoconical or funnel shaped, so that make liquid more easily flow away towards central tube 1.11.The solution that is filtered in main reactor filter 1.2 this pipeline 1.11 of flowing through downwards, it has double wall so that provide effect of heat insulation for the solution in the reactor surge vessel 2.This pipeline comprises additional filtering device 1.10, and it makes the inlet of solution and pump of downward outflow reactor separate.The type of this filter is identical with reactor filter 1.2.The first pump P1 with collect autoreactor container 1 and of the described same way as of first embodiment from the solution of its collection container 2.In addition, the solution of collecting from collection container 2 is owing to its another filter 2.5 of flowing through is filtered, and this filter 2.5 is called the pump strainer of reactor vessel.This filter is around the inlet duct 1.11 of the first pump P1.Liquid flows to the inlet of first pump via outlet 2.1 and check-valves 2.4 from the space between this other filter and the inlet duct 1.11.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 a, crystal may occur and block control directly flows to its collection container 2 from reactor vessel 1 the valve 2.3 that flows, and/or block the conduit be connected with this valve, having in the same manner as described above under the situation of sheath at this valve and this conduit in addition, also is like this.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 b, this valve 2.3 fully moves in the vacuum-tight casing 100.This valve constitution becomes guiding valve, controls by moving forward and backward.Should move and transmit by the screw that is arranged on the motor 2.7 outside the casing 100 that connects from outside magnetic.
Thereby after load phase, remain on water in the collection container 4 of condenser/evaporator can be in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 a owing to directly contact with the collection container 2 of reactor via simple partition wall 130 and to be heated, like this, when being cooled, condenser/evaporator container 3 between the space of the space of collection container 4 and condenser/evaporator container 3, formed excessive pressure differential.Water in collection container 4 upwards is pressed into the higher liquid level in the condenser/evaporator container 3, and water is with after overflow pipe 3.9 or directly flow to downwards in the reactor vessel 1 via gas pipeline 3.4.This has caused the loss of expensive loading material device.130 of the simple partition walls of between collection container 3,4 this can be by the double-deck partition wall shown in Fig. 1 b 160,170.Thus, collection container can mechanically be separated by insulated space 2.6.In addition, the position of the upper shed of gas pipeline 3.4 is higher than the situation of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 a.In addition, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 b, overflow pipe 3.9 is not set and temperature sensor is not set at this pipeline place.This loading liquid level is represented by floating main body 4.2.
The outlet 3.5 of the lowermost portion of condenser/evaporator container 3 should connect in the distance from heat exchanger 3.3 in this container 3.Otherwise, leave in the pipeline of this outlet in extension, when heat pump unloads, sonic impinging may appear particularly.Sonic impinging is by the bubble of propagating downwards in pipeline and impacts the implode generation.Shown in Fig. 1 b, the partition wall 120 between condenser/evaporator container 3 and reactor vessel 1 has certain gradient and exports 3.5 lowest portion that are arranged on this partition wall, therefore realizes that enough distances separate.
Sprinkler in condenser/evaporator container 3 can replace the device of static spray type, it comprises the sprinkler arm 3.13 of installation placed in the middle, so that rotation in this container, medially receive liquid and mobilely cause its rotation, referring to Fig. 1 b by what this pump produced from the second pump P2.Yet, when flowing of solution obviously reduced, be used for this turning arm that the sprinkler 4.1 of the heat exchanger 1.3 of reactor vessel 1 is configured to and often stop in the final process of load phase especially.
The another kind of flusher that is used for reactor vessel 1 has been shown in Fig. 3 a and 3b, its with make that the amount of flow of its rotation is irrelevant.The liquid that upwards is pumped into sprinkler through central inlet pipeline 1.12 is assigned to the distributor unit of installing rotatably 31 that is arranged in the inlet duct upper end and is assigned to two distributor ducts of radially relatively arranging along diameter 33, is also referred to as the sprinkler arm.This distributor duct has notch 35 in the part place topmost at it, the liquid of pumping flows out and flows through the lateral surface of distributor duct through this notch, and flow to downwards from this and to be arranged in the blade under the distributor duct or to raise liquid wheel 37, blade or raise liquid wheel 37 also from center inlet duct 1.12 radially relative direction extend.The exit opening of the unshowned hole of suitably arranging as distributor duct also can be set, so that replace notch.This notch 35 and this hole can be positioned at the topmost of distributor duct as shown in figure, but they also can have other appropriate location, for example on the bottom or sidepiece of distributor duct.Blade or raise liquid wheel 37 each side and have at least one but preferably have the blade of two and four elongated radial arrangement shown in Fig. 3 b or raise liquid wheel 39 at central inlet pipeline 1.12, it comprises the slender space with groove shapes and is mounted to around the blade or the axle rotation of raising liquid wheel that this axle is positioned near inlet duct 1.12 along diameter.This axle is installed on the horizontal retainer plate 42 at its place, end, and this horizontal retainer plate 42 is attached on the outermost end of distributor duct 33.At blade or when raising the rotatablely moving of liquid wheel 37, can be achieved as follows situation, when its blade or raise in the liquid sheet corresponding one when little by little filling up liquid and relying on gravity to move down, driving wheel 43 rotations, this driving wheel is attached to blade rigidly or raises on the end of axle 41 of liquid wheel.This driving wheel moves along the promptly annular support rails of the horizontal route 45 of circle, this support rails is installed on the reactor vessel 1 rigidly, and owing to the friction of driving wheel along this path, this driving wheel makes whole sprayer units rotatablely move around the vertical central shaft through inlet duct 1.12 thus.In the rotary course of reactor vessel 1, remain on blade or the liquid raised in the liquid wheel 39 is emptied on the new surface of heat exchanger subsequently step by step at the sprinkler upper-arm circumference.Be apparent that this sprinkler can be used for condenser/evaporator container 3 and other device, wherein desirable is that liquid is being scattered or is being assigned on a plurality of surfaces that are provided with each other to change the type of flow.
As mentioned above, the problem relevant with crystallization may appear in the situation for unexpected operation is shut down.For example interruptive current or power supply, pumps all in this system are shut down, and material and solution are cooled.The scheme that addresses this problem is to make water to be back to the reactor vessel 1 from condenser/evaporator container 3, and these water obtain from urgent liquid container 3.2.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 b, urgent liquid container is arranged on outside the vacuum-tight container 100, and is connected from the second pump P2 and is connected on the conduit of condenser/evaporator container 3 mid point sprinklers 3.13.Comprise that magnet reads 3.14 conduit and directly extend downwardly into the inlet duct 1.12 of reactor vessel from this urgent liquid container, this inlet duct is also as the outlet conduit of the first pump P1 and medially extend through additional filtering device unit 1.10.After work was shut down, this valve was opened.
In the bottom of the first pump P1 that is called solution pump again, be provided with urgent electrical heating elements 108, the dissolution of crystals that this electrical heating elements makes formation in the long-term process of interrupting of operation.
Although described preferred forms of the present invention in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and can carry out various modification to implementing structure of the present invention and embodiment without departing from the scope of the invention.
Components list
1: reactor vessel
1.1: roof in the reactor surge vessel and the isostasy pipeline between the reactor vessel
1.2: the reactor filter
1.3: the heat exchanger that in reactor vessel, is used for reactor
1.4: the sprinkler in reactor vessel
1.5: second outlet of leading to the first pump P1 of reactor vessel
1.6: the inlet duct of reactor vessel
1.7: reactor vessel leads to first outlet of reactor surge vessel
1.8: the spout hole of topmost portion that is arranged in the core of reactor filter
1.9: the temperature sensor/controller unit that is positioned at the reactor vessel bottom
1.10: the pump strainer of additional filter=reactor vessel
1.11: the double-walled outlet conduit of the layout placed in the middle of the inlet that leads to the first pump P1 of reactor vessel
1.12: the central inlet pipeline of reactor vessel=first pump P1 leads to the outlet conduit of the sprinkler in the reactor vessel
2.: reactor surge vessel
2.1: the outlet of reactor surge vessel
2.2: the pipeline that leads to reactor surge vessel from first outlet of reactor vessel
2.3: at the ducted ball valve that exports to reactor surge vessel from first of reactor vessel
2.4: at the ducted check-valves of inlet from reactor surge vessel to the first pump P1
2.5: the pump strainer that is used for reactor surge vessel
2.6: below the bottom of reactor surge vessel and be used for insulated space above the roof of collection container of condenser/evaporator
2.7: the valve motor
3: the condenser/evaporator container
3.1: the sprinkler container
3.2: urgent liquid container
3.3: the heat exchanger of condenser/evaporator
3.4: the gas pipeline between condenser/evaporator container and the reactor vessel
3.5: the condenser/evaporator outlet of container
3.6: the inlet of condenser/evaporator container, it is at urgent liquid container split shed
3.7: at ducted check-valves from the inlet duct of the sprinkler that exports to reactor vessel of urgent liquid container
3.8: the spout hole of urgent liquid container
3.9: the overflow pipe from the condenser/evaporator container to reactor vessel
3.10: from the cleanser conduit of the inlet duct of the sprinkler that exports to reactor vessel of urgent liquid container
3.11: from the overflow pipe of the main portion of the condenser/evaporator container of sprinkler container
3.12: the sealing gland in the horizontal component of cleanser conduit
3.13: the sprinkler of condenser/evaporator container
3.14: the valve that leads to the main portion of condenser/evaporator container in the outlet of urgent liquid container
4: the collection container that is used for condenser/evaporator
4.1: be used for the outlet of the collection container of condenser/evaporator
4.2: be used for the floating main body that liquid level is represented
P1: first pump=be used for is with the spray liquid of the active material solution pump to the heat exchanger of reactor
P2: second pump=be used to distributes the liquid to the condensate pump on the heat exchanger of condenser/evaporator
31: be mounted to allocation units in the rotation of central inlet pipe
33: distribution duct
35: the outlet notch
37: blade or raise liquid wheel
39: blade or raise the liquid sheet
41: blade or raise the axle of liquid wheel
42: be used for blade or raise the retainer plate that liquid is taken turns
43: driving wheel
45: vacuum-tight casing
100: partition wall
110: partition wall
120: partition wall
130: partition wall
131: from the pipeline of the inlet duct that exports to reactor vessel of the first pump P1
132: from the pipeline of the inlet that exports to the first pump P1 of reactor surge vessel
133: the pipeline that exports to the inlet of the first pump P1 from second of reactor vessel
135: from the pipeline of the inlet that exports to the second pump P2 of condenser/evaporator
136: from the pipeline of the inlet that exports to the second pump P2 of condenser/evaporator collection container
137: from the pipeline of the inlet that exports to urgent liquid container of the second pump P2
140: the bottom of sprinkler container
150: the partition wall that limits urgent liquid container
160: the bottom of reactor surge vessel
170: the upper partition wall in the collection container of condenser/evaporator
180: the urgent electrical heating elements in first pump
200: master unit
210: the heat exchanger of reactor
220: the heat exchanger of condenser/evaporator
230: triple valve
240: triple valve
AC: air-conditioning
SP: solar panel
Claims (24)
1. chemical heat pump, it comprises active material and can be by the volatile liquid of this active material absorption and desorption under relevant temperature, the temperature difference that between relevant temperature, has constant, so that in the interval range between described temperature when this volatile liquid desorption this active material be solid-state state little by little from the state-transition that is dissolved in this volatile liquid, this chemical heat pump comprises:
-reactor part, this reactor partly has the heat exchanger that is positioned at wherein, and this active material always is retained in this reactor part and therein at solid-state state and be dissolved between the state in this volatile liquid and change,
-condenser/evaporator part, this condenser/evaporator partly have second heat exchanger that is positioned at wherein, have only this volatile liquid always to be retained in this condenser/evaporator part with the amount that changes, and this volatile liquid evaporates and condensation therein, and
-between this reactor part and this condenser/evaporator part, only be used for the passage/path of vapor/gas,
It is characterized in that,
-this reactor partly is divided into two independent containers,
-reactor vessel, this reactor vessel realize volatile liquid be absorbed in this active material/with this active material desorption, and after desorption, comprise or store this active material when active material is in when solid-state this reactor vessel,
-reactor surge vessel, when active material was in the state that is dissolved in this liquid, this reactor surge vessel was used for collecting and storing this active material,
-so that realize: store or be retained in desorption temperature and its evaporating temperature that material temperature in this reactor surge vessel does not depend on this volatile liquid in reactor vessel, and/or
-this condenser/evaporator partly is divided into two independent containers,
-condenser/evaporator container, this condenser/evaporator container realize the amount of volatile liquid in this condenser/evaporator part that is retained in evaporation/condensation and
-collection container, this collection container are used for collecting the volatile liquid of the state that is in its liquid/condensation and being used for storing volatile liquid at this chemical heat pump loading procedure at this chemical heat pump uninstall process,
-so that realize: store or be retained in the temperature that material temperature in this condenser/evaporator part collection container does not depend on evaporation/condensation in the condenser/evaporator container.
2. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, first pump is provided for making active material to circulate, this first pump is connected with reactor surge vessel so that being in the active material of its dissolved state flows through first heat exchanger and be connected with the outlet of reactor vessel, makes liquid flow and level balance under without any the control or the situation of regulating so that make.
3. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the condenser/evaporator container comprises the urgent liquid container of the limited amount condensate liquid that is used to admit liquid container, this urgent liquid container is connected to the first delivery side of pump pipeline via the connecting path that comprises sealing gland, this outlet conduit comprises and flows through circulating of the active material that is in its dissolved state, and the temperature difference between active material in this circulates and the condensate liquid in this urgent liquid container prevents to flow into this outlet conduit from urgent liquid container in the running at this chemical heat pump.
4. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the connecting path between urgent liquid container and the outlet conduit comprises check-valves, and it is arranged to prevent that the active material that is in dissolved state from undesirably flowing into this urgent liquid container.
5. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, filter in reactor part or network arrangements are under first heat exchanger and be arranged to be convenient to remain in the active material of its solid-state state.
6. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, this filter or net are configured to upwards open basket, so that admit the active material that is in its solid-state state.
7. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the connecting path between reactor vessel and the reactor surge vessel can be according to control or selected to set up so that realize remaining on the mixing of amount of the active material that is in its dissolved state in reactor vessel and the reactor surge vessel.
8. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the control module that is used to set up the connecting path between reactor vessel and the reactor surge vessel is set up this connection based on the temperature in the reactor vessel when hanging down with this temperature of box lunch.
9. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, this control module comprises temperature sensor, wherein variations in temperature changes corresponding to the position of mechanical part, perhaps variations in temperature is transformed into mechanical power, particularly can comprise bimetal leaf parts or memory metal part or comprise wax or the parts of gas.
10. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, reactor vessel be provided with reactor surge vessel directly over, it has simple partition wall.
11. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, reactor vessel be arranged such that its main portion be positioned at reactor surge vessel directly over, and have the narrow part that extends downwardly into the inlet of first pump via reactor surge vessel, this first pump is arranged and is used to make active material circulation and accept active material from reactor vessel.
12. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that pump strainer is arranged in reactor vessel, this pump strainer is arranged the inlet that is positioned at first pump in this narrow part.
13. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, this first pump is arranged on the bottom of reactor surge vessel so that accept also liquid from reactor surge vessel.
14. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that pump strainer is arranged in reactor surge vessel, this pump strainer is arranged in the outlet that the inlet with first pump of reactor surge vessel is connected.
15. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the vacuum tightness casing is by the particularly partition wall separation of approximate horizontal of partition wall, so that form reactor vessel, reactor surge vessel, condenser/evaporator container, condenser/evaporator collection container.
16. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, this condenser/evaporator collection container be positioned at reactor vessel directly over.
17. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, the collection container that is used for the condenser/evaporator part is arranged on the lowermost portion of this vacuum tightness casing.
18. chemical heat pump as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, sprinkler is used for the surface of spray liquid to heat exchanger, thereby this sprinkler is arranged to can rotate on the surface of heat exchanger by the gravity on the liquid that acts on this sprinkler of flowing through.
19. one kind is used for spray liquid to particularly at the lip-deep sprinkler or the distributor of the heat exchanger of chemical heat pump, it comprises:
The sprinkler arm of-at least one approximate horizontal, it has at least one exit opening that is used for liquid,
-erecting device impels in the process that rotatablely moves at the mobile of this liquid, and be mounted to and can rotate by this sprinkler arm of this erecting device around a roughly vertical rotating shaft,
It is characterized in that, blade or raise liquid device and be used to admit liquid from described at least one exit opening, this blade or raise liquid device and be arranged to rotate by acting on the gravity on the liquid of being admitted, and make sprinkler arm and this blade or raise the rotating shaft rotation of liquid device thus around the sprinkler arm.
20. sprinkler as claimed in claim 19 is characterized in that, this blade or raise liquid device and comprise:
-have the blade of rotating shaft or raise the liquid wheel, and comprise at least one blade or raise the liquid sheet, this at least one blade or raise the liquid sheet be arranged to admit from the liquid of described at least one exit opening of sprinkler arm and by at least one blade or raise the weight of the liquid of being admitted in the liquid sheet and the liquid admitted around rotating shaft rotation and emptying subsequently and
-the drive unit that is connected with rotating shaft, it is at blade or raise and make the axle rotation of sprinkler upper-arm circumference around the sprinkler arm in the process of liquid wheel rotation.
21. sprinkler as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, described at least one blade or raise the liquid sheet roughly be positioned at the sprinkler arm under so that in the rotatablely moving of sprinkler arm, carry out rotatablely move identical with the sprinkler arm.
22. sprinkler as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, described at least one blade or to raise the liquid sheet be elongated, and it comprises the space that groove forms, its direction along the axle that leaves the sprinkler arm is extended.
23. sprinkler as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that,
-with blade or raise driving wheel that the rotating shaft of liquid wheel is connected and
-driving wheel motion against circular path, so that blade or raise liquid wheel and the rotary course of rotating shaft in, driving wheel is rotated and moves against this circular path along this path by friction, and makes blade or raise liquid and take turns and rotate around this axle and sprinkler arm thus.
24. sprinkler as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, this sprinkler arm comprises the pipeline with elongate slot or at least one hole, and notch and hole are arranged in the topmost of this pipeline especially.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE03033040 | 2003-12-08 | ||
| SE0303304A SE527721C2 (en) | 2003-12-08 | 2003-12-08 | Chemical heat pump operating according to the hybrid principle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1890514A true CN1890514A (en) | 2007-01-03 |
| CN100416181C CN100416181C (en) | 2008-09-03 |
Family
ID=29997676
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004800364642A Expired - Fee Related CN100416181C (en) | 2003-12-08 | 2004-12-08 | Chemical heat pump working according to the hybrid principle |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070095095A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1716370A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2007513319A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20070029120A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100416181C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2004295656A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0417389A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL175733A0 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE527721C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005054757A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200604416B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102287954A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2011-12-21 | 江苏河海新能源有限公司 | Dissolving heat absorption type chemical heat pump and heating or refrigerating method thereof |
| CN102287952A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2011-12-21 | 江苏河海新能源有限公司 | Dissolving heat absorption type chemical heat pump and heating or refrigerating method thereof |
| CN102287953A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2011-12-21 | 江苏河海新能源有限公司 | Simple dissolving heat-absorbing chemical heat pump and heating or cooling method thereof |
| CN111542722A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2020-08-14 | J-E·福雷 | Thermochemical heat pump and method for redistributing thermal energy with variable power |
| CN113316700A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2021-08-27 | 希特安普瑞典公司 | Heat distribution apparatus |
| CN114641659A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2022-06-17 | 埃科利姆股份有限公司 | Absorption cooling machine |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE530959C2 (en) | 2006-05-29 | 2008-11-04 | Climatewell Ab Publ | Chemical heat pump with hybrid substance |
| SE532504C2 (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2010-02-09 | Climatewell Ab Publ | Thermal solar collector for supply of heat and / or cooling |
| SE532604C2 (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2010-03-02 | Climatewell Ab Publ | Plant and methods for energy storage and / or transport |
| DE102008006420B3 (en) * | 2008-01-28 | 2009-05-14 | Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg | Vacuum sorption |
| TW201202636A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-16 | Chung Hsin Elec & Mach Mfg | Separable solid adsorption cooling system |
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| US4532778A (en) * | 1979-11-16 | 1985-08-06 | Rocket Research Company | Chemical heat pump and chemical energy storage system |
| FR2548340B1 (en) * | 1983-07-01 | 1986-03-21 | Elf Aquitaine | THREE-PHASE HEAT PUMP |
| JPS60263060A (en) * | 1984-06-12 | 1985-12-26 | 日立造船株式会社 | Method of recovering heat of reaction |
| FR2615602B1 (en) * | 1987-05-22 | 1989-08-04 | Faiveley Ets | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING COLD BY SOLID-GAS REACTION AND DEVICE RELATING THERETO |
| FR2620048B1 (en) * | 1987-09-07 | 1989-12-22 | Elf Aquitaine | PROCESS FOR CONDUCTING A THERMOCHEMICAL REACTION AND PLANT FOR CARRYING OUT THIS PROCESS |
| JPH02150675A (en) * | 1988-12-01 | 1990-06-08 | Nissin Electric Co Ltd | Absorption type refrigerating device |
| JPH05294601A (en) * | 1992-04-13 | 1993-11-09 | Toshiba Corp | Methanol-switching fuel cell power generator |
| FR2703763B1 (en) * | 1993-04-07 | 1995-06-23 | Sofrigam | Chemical reactor, refrigeration machine and container thus equipped, and related reagent cartridge. |
| US5636526A (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1997-06-10 | Gas Research Institute | Apparatus and method for automatically purging an absorption cooling system |
| FR2748093B1 (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1998-06-12 | Elf Aquitaine | THERMOCHEMICAL DEVICE TO PRODUCE COLD AND / OR HEAT |
| SE515688C2 (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2001-09-24 | Suncool Ab | Chemical heat pump and process for cooling and / or heating |
| JP3915334B2 (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2007-05-16 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Hydrogen supply system for fuel cell, fuel recycling method, mobile body for transporting liquid, fueling facility, and fuel recycling system |
| US6357254B1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-03-19 | American Standard International Inc. | Compact absorption chiller and solution flow scheme therefor |
| CN2493894Y (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2002-05-29 | 张少军 | Air conditioner |
-
2003
- 2003-12-08 SE SE0303304A patent/SE527721C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2004
- 2004-12-08 US US10/580,326 patent/US20070095095A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-12-08 BR BRPI0417389-9A patent/BRPI0417389A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-12-08 KR KR1020067011115A patent/KR20070029120A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-12-08 AU AU2004295656A patent/AU2004295656A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-12-08 WO PCT/SE2004/001826 patent/WO2005054757A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-12-08 ZA ZA200604416A patent/ZA200604416B/en unknown
- 2004-12-08 JP JP2006543772A patent/JP2007513319A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-12-08 EP EP04801731A patent/EP1716370A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-12-08 CN CNB2004800364642A patent/CN100416181C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-05-18 IL IL175733A patent/IL175733A0/en unknown
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102287954A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2011-12-21 | 江苏河海新能源有限公司 | Dissolving heat absorption type chemical heat pump and heating or refrigerating method thereof |
| CN102287952A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2011-12-21 | 江苏河海新能源有限公司 | Dissolving heat absorption type chemical heat pump and heating or refrigerating method thereof |
| CN102287953A (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2011-12-21 | 江苏河海新能源有限公司 | Simple dissolving heat-absorbing chemical heat pump and heating or cooling method thereof |
| CN102287953B (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2013-01-02 | 江苏河海新能源有限公司 | Simple dissolving heat-absorbing chemical heat pump and heating or cooling method thereof |
| CN102287954B (en) * | 2011-06-23 | 2013-04-17 | 江苏河海新能源有限公司 | Dissolving heat absorption type chemical heat pump and heating or refrigerating method thereof |
| CN111542722A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2020-08-14 | J-E·福雷 | Thermochemical heat pump and method for redistributing thermal energy with variable power |
| CN111542722B (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2022-03-22 | J-E·福雷 | Thermochemical heat pump and method for redistributing thermal energy with variable power |
| CN113316700A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2021-08-27 | 希特安普瑞典公司 | Heat distribution apparatus |
| CN113316700B (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2023-03-24 | 希特安普瑞典公司 | Heat distribution apparatus |
| CN114641659A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2022-06-17 | 埃科利姆股份有限公司 | Absorption cooling machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE527721C2 (en) | 2006-05-23 |
| KR20070029120A (en) | 2007-03-13 |
| CN100416181C (en) | 2008-09-03 |
| JP2007513319A (en) | 2007-05-24 |
| WO2005054757A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
| ZA200604416B (en) | 2007-10-31 |
| BRPI0417389A (en) | 2007-04-10 |
| SE0303304D0 (en) | 2003-12-08 |
| SE0303304L (en) | 2005-06-09 |
| EP1716370A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
| US20070095095A1 (en) | 2007-05-03 |
| IL175733A0 (en) | 2006-09-05 |
| AU2004295656A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
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