CN113905891B - 用于处理mems晶圆的工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
处理MEMS晶圆的方法包括以下步骤:(i)将第一载体衬底附接到MEMS晶圆的第一侧,第一载体衬底经由第一晶圆键合带和无硅剥离带附接,剥离带接触MEMS晶圆的第一侧;(ii)对MEMS晶圆的相反的第二侧执行晶圆处理步骤;(iii)通过暴露于能量源从MEMS晶圆的第一侧释放第一载体衬底,该能量源选择性地从MEMS晶圆的第一侧释放晶圆键合带;以及(iv)将剥离带从MEMS晶圆的第一侧剥离。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及一种用于处理MEMS晶圆的临时晶圆键合工艺。开发这种工艺主要是为了使敏感的MEMS装置(比如喷墨装置)受到来自常规晶圆键合带的污染物的污染最小化。
发明背景
本申请人已开发了一系列如在例如WO 2011/143700、WO 2011/143699和WO 2009/089567中所描述的喷墨打印机,其内容通过引用并入本文。打印机采用与单次进给打印介质经过打印头的进给机构相结合的固定页宽打印头。因此,打印机提供了比传统扫描喷墨打印机高得多的打印速度。
为了使硅的量最小化,并因此使页宽打印头的成本最小化,每个打印头IC都经由集成CMOS/MEMS方法进行制造,以提供高的喷嘴封装密度。典型的打印头IC包含有6,400个喷嘴装置,这就是说在包含有11个打印头IC的A4打印头中有70,400个喷嘴装置。
MEMS制造需要用于处理硅晶圆的各种技术。为了对硅晶圆的一侧执行MEMS处理(例如蚀刻、沉积、研磨等),晶圆的相反侧可以临时附接到载体衬底,比如玻璃处理晶圆。典型地使用晶圆键合带将硅晶圆临时附接到载体衬底。各种晶圆键合带为本领域技术人员所知,但通常分为两类:UV离型带和热离型带。UV离型带在暴露于UV线时失去其粘合性能,而热离型带则在受热时失去其粘合性能。US 6846692和WO 2008/141359(其各自的内容通过援引并入本文)描述了使用UV离型带和热离型带处理MEMS晶圆的各种工艺。有利地,UV离型带和热离型带可以组合使用在硅晶圆的相反侧上以提供从晶圆的第一侧选择性去除第一载体衬底,同时将第二载体衬底固位在晶圆的相反侧。
去除载体衬底和晶圆键合带通常之后是灰化步骤(例如使用氧等离子体),以便从MEMS硅晶圆上去除任何有机污染物。对于具有数千个喷墨喷嘴的MEMS喷墨装置,污染物尤其成问题。如果污染物部分地阻塞喷墨喷嘴或进入喷嘴室并沉积在喷墨执行机构(例如电阻加热元件)上,则装置的性能可能受到损害,从而在由受污染晶圆制造的所得打印头中产生不期望的打印伪影。在某些情况下,由于晶圆污染导致的打印伪影可能在数百万次墨料喷射中被“烧掉”。然而,预烧期浪费墨料并且对于用户或制造商来说是非常不期望的。因此,使整个MEMS制造过程中的污染物最小化对于使晶圆产量以及MEMS工艺产生的产品的质量最大化至关重要。
虽然氧化灰化有效从硅晶圆去除有机污染物,但它不能去除无机污染物。因此,期望提供使无机污染物污染的风险最小化的MEMS晶圆处理工艺。尤其期望识别无机污染物源并提供适用于MEMS喷墨打印头制造的晶圆处理工艺,该工艺减轻任何无机污染物源。
发明概述
在第一方面,提供了一种用于处理MEMS晶圆的方法,包括以下步骤:
(i)将第一载体衬底附接到MEMS晶圆的第一侧,第一载体衬底通过无硅剥离带和第一晶圆键合带进行附接,剥离带接触MEMS晶圆的第一侧;
(ii)对MEMS晶圆的相反的第二侧执行一个或多个晶圆处理步骤;
(iii)通过暴露于能量源从MEMS晶圆的第一侧释放第一载体衬底,该能量源选择性地从剥离带释放第一晶圆键合带;以及
(iv)将剥离带从MEMS晶圆的第一侧剥离。
根据第一方面的方法通过从无机颗粒去除污染源而有利地提高了MEMS晶圆的质量。本发明人已将某些晶圆键合带确定为制造MEMS晶圆时无机颗粒污染的重要来源。特别是,晶圆键合带典型地包含有机硅基粘合剂,从MEMS晶圆上释放后会留下粘合剂残留物。通过灰化对此类残留物的常规氧化去除在去除有机组分方面是有效的,但是二氧化硅颗粒(源自有机硅聚合物)不会通过灰化过程去除并且对MEMS装置(尤其是包含微型喷嘴的喷墨装置)具有有害影响。根据第一方面的方法的优点在于它需要对现有晶圆处理工艺的最小改变并且不需要对新的晶圆键合带进行鉴定。
在根据第一方面的方法中,晶圆键合带不直接接触MEMS晶圆,而是通过与MEMS晶圆接触的剥离带键合。以此方式,来自晶圆键合带的任何粘合剂残留物通过用作屏障层的剥离带与MEMS晶圆分离。在移除载体衬底之后,可以简单地将剥离带从MEMS晶圆上剥离,以在晶圆表面上留下最少的残留物。此外,任何此类残留物都是有机残留物,可以使用常规氧化灰化工艺将其干净地去除,而没有残留无机颗粒污染MEMS装置的风险。
优选地,MEMS晶圆包括MEMS喷墨装置。
优选地,MEMS晶圆的第一侧具有多个喷墨喷嘴。
优选地,第一载体衬底由玻璃组成。
典型地,第一晶圆键合带包括硅。例如,第一晶圆键合带可以包括有机硅聚合物形式的硅。
在一些实施例中,第一晶圆键合带是UV离型带并且能量源是UV线。在其他实施例中,第一晶圆键合带是热离型带并且能量源是热。
优选地,晶圆处理步骤选自由以下组成的组:晶圆研磨、蚀刻和氧化灰化。
优选地,该方法进一步包括在步骤(iii)之前将第二载体衬底附接到晶圆的第二侧的步骤。
优选地,第二载体衬底经由不同于第一晶圆键合带的第二晶圆键合带附接。在第一示例中,第一晶圆键合带和第二晶圆键合带可以选自由以下组成的组:UV离型带和热离型带。
优选地,该方法进一步包括在步骤(iv)之后将MEMS晶圆的第一侧氧化灰化的步骤。
在第二方面,提供了一种用于MEMS制造工艺的晶圆组件,该晶圆封装件包括:
MEMS晶圆,该晶圆具有第一侧和相反的第二侧;
剥离带,该剥离带可释放地附接到晶圆的第一侧,剥离带不存在任何硅;
第一晶圆键合带,该第一晶圆键合带可释放地附接到剥离带;以及
第一载体衬底,该第一载体衬底附接到第一晶圆键合带。
优选地,第一晶圆键合带包含硅。
优选地,晶圆组件进一步包括:
第二晶圆键合带,该第二晶圆键合带可释放地附接到晶圆的第二侧;以及
第二载体衬底,该第二载体衬底附接到第二晶圆键合带。
优选地,第二晶圆键合带不同于第一晶圆键合带。
附图说明
现在将参照附图仅通过举例的方式来描述本发明的实施例,在附图中:
图1是MEMS晶圆的示意性侧视图;
图2示出了前侧附接到第一载体衬底的MEMS晶圆;
图3为背侧MEMS处理后的MEMS晶圆;
图4示出了背侧附接到第二载体衬底的MEMS晶圆;
图5示出了从前侧释放第一载体衬底后的MEMS晶圆;以及
图6示出了从前侧剥离了剥离带后的MEMS晶圆。
具体实施方式
图1至图6示意性地示出了根据第一方面的用于处理MEMS晶圆的示例性工艺。在图1中,示出了包括体硅衬底3和前侧MEMS层5的MEMS晶圆1。MEMS层5可以包括例如设置在集成电路系统上的多个MEMS喷墨装置,其中喷嘴(未示出)限定在MEMS晶圆1的前侧表面6中。在US 9,044,945、US 8,608,286、US 7,246,886和US 6,755,509中描述了包括喷墨装置的MEMS层的示例以及对应的制造工艺,这些专利中的每一个的内容通过援引并入本文。
图2示出了在将比如玻璃处理晶圆的第一载体衬底7附接到MEMS晶圆1的前侧表面6之后的晶圆组件10。第一载体衬底7通过UV离型带11和单独的剥离带13附接到前侧表面6。剥离带13接触前侧表面6,而UV离型带11夹在剥离带和第一载体衬底7之间。
晶圆组件10可以以任何顺序组装。例如,剥离带13可以键合到MEMS晶圆1的前侧表面6,UV离型带11键合到剥离带,然后第一载体衬底7键合到UV离型带。替代地,UV离型带11可以键合到第一载体衬底7,剥离带13键合到UV离型带,然后剥离带13键合到MEMS晶圆的前侧表面6。替代地,剥离带13可以键合到MEMS晶圆1的前侧表面6,UV离型带11键合到第一载体衬底,然后UV离型带键合到剥离带,以便接合MEMS晶圆和第一载体衬底。
UV离型带是本领域技术人员众所周知的并且可从供应商处商购获得,比如金灶沐电子科技公司(Kingzom Electronic Technology Co Ltd)、日东电工株式会社(NittoDenko Corporation)和古河电气工业株式会社(Furakawa Electric Group)。典型地,UV离型带包括设置在基膜上的至少一层UV固化粘合剂,由此UV可固化粘合剂在暴露于UV光时失去其粘合特性。在所示实施例中,UV固化带11包括设置在基膜的相反侧上的两层UV可固化粘合剂,由此上层粘合剂可通过暴露于穿过第一载体衬底7的UV光而选择性地固化。典型地,UV离型带含有硅聚合物形式的硅。
剥离带同样是本领域技术人员已知的。根据本发明的剥离带13被选择成不存在任何硅。适用于本发明的剥离带的一个示例是可从Ultron Systems,Inc.购得的AdhesivePlastic Film 1009R。
转到图3,在附接第一载体衬底7之后,MEMS晶圆1的背侧15经受MEMS处理步骤。第一载体衬底7用作在背侧MEMS处理期间固持MEMS晶圆1的固持件。以示例的方式,硅衬底3的背侧表面15可以经受晶圆减薄(例如研磨和/或等离子体减薄)、光刻蚀刻(例如背侧供墨通道的蚀刻)和氧化灰化。在这个阶段,切割道(未示出)的背侧蚀刻可以用于将MEMS晶圆1切单(或“切割”)成附接到第一载体衬底7的单个管芯(或“芯片”)。在图3中,示意性地示出了与例如US 7,441,865中描述的供墨通道相对应的背侧供墨通道17,该专利的内容通过援引并入本文。
在MEMS晶圆1的背侧处理之后,现在参考图4,使用热离型带22将第二载体衬底20(例如玻璃处理晶圆)附接到硅衬底3的背侧15。在MEMS晶圆1的前侧表面6和背侧表面15上使用不同的晶圆键合带有助于从前侧选择性去除第一载体衬底7,同时第二载体衬底20保持附接到背侧。热离型带是本领域技术人员众所周知的,比如可从日东电工株式会社(Nitto Denko Corporation)商购获得的RevalphaTM带。
MEMS晶圆1通过热离型带22附接到第二载体衬底20,晶圆的前侧6暴露于UV辐射,这使UV离型带11中的上层粘合剂固化并释放第一载体衬底7。图5示出了释放第一载体衬底7之后的晶圆组件。MEMS晶圆1由附接到背侧的第二载体衬底20固持,而剥离带13和固化的UV离型带11覆盖MEMS层5的前侧。剥离带13充当下方MEMS层5的保护屏障,从而使来自UV离型带11中所含硅树脂的任何污染最小化。
参考图6,剥离带13最终从MEMS层5剥离,同时去除附接到剥离带的UV离型带11,以露出前侧表面6。在去除剥离带13和UV离型带11之后,氧化灰化(例如氧等离子体灰化)可以用于从前侧表面6清除任何有机残留物以及去除MEMS结构内部(例如喷墨喷嘴室)的任何牺牲抗蚀剂。由于剥离带13不存在任何硅,因此此灰化步骤提供了清洁的前侧表面6和不含任何二氧化硅颗粒的MEMS装置。例如,如WO 2008/141359中所述,可以使用热离型工艺从第二载体衬底20拾取单独的管芯。
从上文可以理解,本文描述的晶圆处理工艺有利地提供了具有最少无机污染物(比如二氧化硅颗粒)的MEMS装置。因此,该工艺非常适合在制造具有对此类污染物敏感的喷墨MEMS装置的MEMS打印头芯片期间处理MEMS晶圆。
当然,应了解的是,仅通过举例的方式描述了本发明,并且在所附权利要求中限定的本发明的范围内可以进行细节的修改。
Claims (20)
1.一种用于处理MEMS晶圆的方法,包括以下步骤:
(i)将第一载体衬底附接到MEMS晶圆的第一侧,所述第一载体衬底通过无硅剥离带和第一晶圆键合带进行附接,所述剥离带接触所述MEMS晶圆的第一侧;
(ii)对所述MEMS晶圆的与所述第一侧相反的第二侧执行一个或多个晶圆处理步骤;
(iii)通过暴露于能量源从所述MEMS晶圆的第一侧释放所述第一载体衬底,所述能量源从所述剥离带选择性地释放所述第一晶圆键合带;以及
(iv)将所述剥离带从所述MEMS晶圆的第一侧剥离。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述MEMS晶圆包括MEMS喷墨装置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述MEMS晶圆的第一侧具有多个喷墨喷嘴。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述第一载体衬底由玻璃组成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述第一晶圆键合带包括硅。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述第一晶圆键合带是UV离型带,并且所述能量源是UV线。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述第一晶圆键合带是热离型带,并且所述能量源是热。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述晶圆处理步骤选自由以下组成的组:晶圆研磨、蚀刻和氧化灰化。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括在步骤(iii)之前将第二载体衬底附接到所述MEMS晶圆的第二侧的步骤。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中,所述第二载体衬底经由不同于所述第一晶圆键合带的第二晶圆键合带附接。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所述第一晶圆键合带和所述第二晶圆键合带选自由以下组成的组:UV离型带和热离型带。
12.根据权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括在步骤(iv)之后将所述MEMS晶圆的第一侧氧化灰化的步骤。
13.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,将所述剥离带剥离的步骤(iv)同时去除了附接到所述剥离带的所述第一晶圆键合带。
14.一种用于MEMS制造工艺的晶圆组件,所述晶圆组件包括:
MEMS晶圆,所述MEMS晶圆具有第一侧和与所述第一侧相反的第二侧;
无硅剥离带,所述剥离带可释放地附接到所述MEMS晶圆的第一侧;
第一晶圆键合带,所述第一晶圆键合带附接到所述剥离带;以及
第一载体衬底,所述第一载体衬底可释放地附接到所述第一晶圆键合带。
15.根据权利要求14所述的晶圆组件,其中,所述第一晶圆键合带含有硅。
16.根据权利要求14所述的晶圆组件,其中,所述MEMS晶圆包括MEMS喷墨装置。
17.根据权利要求14所述的晶圆组件,其中,所述MEMS晶圆的第一侧具有多个喷墨喷嘴。
18.根据权利要求14所述的晶圆组件,进一步包括:
第二晶圆键合带,所述第二晶圆键合带附接到所述MEMS晶圆的第二侧;以及
第二载体衬底,所述第二载体衬底可释放地附接到所述第二晶圆键合带。
19.根据权利要求18所述的晶圆组件,其中,所述第二晶圆键合带不同于所述第一晶圆键合带。
20.根据权利要求18所述的晶圆组件,其中,所述第一晶圆键合带和所述第二晶圆键合带选自由以下组成的组:UV离型带和热离型带。
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