CN113521249A - 动员干细胞的方法 - Google Patents
动员干细胞的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明发现,可溶性P‑选择素(sP‑sel)可干扰干细胞与龛之间的相互作用,且因此自骨髓动员干细胞。因此,用sP‑sel动员干细胞可治疗需要组织之保存、修复或再生或个体中血管再形成中之一或多者的个体。
Description
技术领域
本发明大体上关于通过投与可溶性P-选择素动员干细胞的方法。
背景技术
将干细胞(SC)定义为具有在生物体整个生命周期中自我复制且分化成身体的各种细胞类型的独特能力的细胞。两种熟知类型的干细胞为胚胎干细胞及成体干细胞。由于干细胞能够分化成广泛多种细胞类型,故其在各种组织及器官的愈合及再生过程中起重要作用。一些干细胞(诸如骨髓干细胞及造血干细胞)自来源组织释放,且在个体的循环或免疫系统中循环以迁移至各种器官及组织中以变成成熟的终末分化之细胞。因此,增强干细胞移行(亦即释放、循环、归巢及/或迁移)可放大这些生理学过程且为各种病理提供潜在疗法。
目前,在采集之前将干细胞自骨髓动员至末梢血液用于同种异体干细胞移植而非骨髓之临床环境中。最近批准用于干细胞动员的CXCR4抑制剂AMD3100经由破坏骨髓细胞与其微环境的CXCR4-SDF1相互作用,与G-CSF相比诱导细胞更特异性地动员至循环中。举例而言,US 20180142211使用CXCR4拮抗肽将间叶干细胞动员至末梢血液且随后获得细胞。
然而,仍需要研发用于干细胞动员的试剂。
发明内容
本发明提供一种用于动员个体中的循环干细胞的方法,其包含向个体投与能有效动员造血干细胞或祖细胞群体的量的可溶性P-选择素(sP-sel)。在一个实施例中,可溶性P-选择素可干扰干细胞与龛位(niche)之间的相互作用。
本发明亦提供一种用于治疗需要组织的保存、修复或再生或个体中的血管再形成中的一或多者的个体的方法,其包含向个体投与能有效动员造血干细胞或祖细胞群体的量的sP-sel。
本发明亦提供一种在有需要的患者中进行同种异体造血干细胞移植的方法,该方法包含向患者输注治疗有效量的同种异体造血干细胞,其中造血干细胞是通过一种包含向供体投与有效量的sP-sel的方法自人类供体的骨髓动员至人类供体的末梢血液中。
在一个实施例中,干细胞为造血细胞、祖细胞或骨髓干细胞。
在一个实施例中,方法进一步包含在投与sP-sel之前、之后或同时投与第二试剂。在另一实施例中,第二试剂是选自由以下组成的群:G-CSF、GM-CSF、IL-3、GM-CSF/IL-3融合蛋白、FLK-2/FLT-3配位体、干细胞因子、IL-6、IL-11、TPO、VEGF、AMD3100及其组合。
在一个实施例中,sP-sel的量在每次投与每公斤体重约10-5μg至约1.5mg范围内。
在一个实施例中,经sP-sel动员的循环干细胞(PselMSC)可产生干细胞衍生的细胞外小胞。
在一个实施例中,PselMSC可改善组织或器官损伤、增加修复、改善葡萄糖耐受性及/或减少发炎。在另一实施例中,组织损伤为肝损伤。
在一个实施例中,PselMSC可重新填入骨髓或造血干细胞群体。
在一个实施例中,PselMSC可重新填入骨髓或造血干细胞群体且挽救组织损伤、增生性病症、发炎性疾病、免疫缺陷疾病、自体免疫病症及/或代谢疾病。
在一个实施例中,sP-sel为天然产生的sP-sel或重组sP-sel。
在一个实施例中,sP-sel可进一步结合在囊泡或脂质体上。
本发明亦提供一种用于个体中的细胞疗法的方法,其包含向所述个体投与能有效动员干细胞的量及对细胞疗法有效的干细胞的量的sP-sel。在一个实施例中,同时、单独地或间歇地投与sP-sel及干细胞。
图式简单说明
图1.可溶性P-选择素而非G-CSF处理诱导CD34+干细胞在小鼠中的动员。重组小鼠可溶性P-选择素及G-CSF(皆0.1mg/kg体重)在24h间隔内血管内两次注射至8周龄实验雄性C57Bl/6J小鼠中,再过24h收集血液样品(A,概述)。使用流式细胞量测术(FC)测定循环CD34+单核细胞的含量(A),将媒剂(生理盐水)对照组标准化为100%(B)。
图2.可溶性P-选择素而非G-CSF处理改善小鼠中的硫代乙酰胺(TAA)诱导的血小板减少及肝损伤。重组小鼠可溶性P-选择素及G-CSF(皆0.1mg/kg体重)在24小时间隔内血管内两次注射至8周龄实验雄性C57Bl/6J小鼠中;且额外投与肝毒性药物血小板减少(TAA)24小时(A,概述)。根据先前所描述的方法1,在TAA处理之后48h分析血小板(PLT)计数及循环肝脏特异性酶天冬胺酸转胺酶(AST)含量(B)。
图3.可溶性P-选择素动员的CD34+细胞能够挽救硫代乙酰胺(TAA)诱导的肝损伤。在前述方法之后,将可溶性P-选择素动员的CD34+细胞及末梢血液单核细胞(PBMC;单核球)(皆5×106个/小鼠注射)与TAA攻击一起注射(n=4;具有统计显著性的结果,P<0.05rm P-sel对比「无细胞转移」及「单核球」组)。
图4.在可溶性P-选择素刺激之后循环Lin-Sca-1+c-Kit+(LSK)干细胞的水准。LSK造血干细胞为能够在致死γ-照射之后重新填入骨髓干细胞之干细胞谱系。实验概述经绘示(A)。向C57BL/6J小鼠静脉内注射可溶性P-选择素(0.1mg/kg)每日两次(n=5)。收集末梢血液(PB)且在第一次注射之前立刻及第一次注射之后24小时使用流式细胞量测术(FC)分析法对其进行分析。对末梢血液中的LSK细胞的绝对数目进行定量(B)。资料报导为平均值±SD。*P<0.05,与实验前组相比。
图5.经P-选择素动员之LSK干细胞挽救经γ-照射的小鼠的死亡率,显示骨髓造血干细胞的重新填入。C57BL/6J小鼠是经受或未经受致死剂量γ-照射(其通常用于骨髓移植)。彼等经γ-照射的小鼠进一步用媒剂、LSK干细胞处理,这些干细胞经由P-选择素或G-CSF处理介导的动员来获得。因为G-CSF及经P-选择素动员的LSK干细胞均可挽救经-γ照射的小鼠的死亡率,所以这些结果显示使用两种制备LSK干细胞的方法的骨髓造血干细胞的重新填入。
图6.经P-选择素动员的CD34+干细胞(PselMSC)、经P-选择素动员的CD34+干细胞衍生的小胞(PselSCMV)、可溶性P-选择素及可溶性P-选择素结合的脂质体,对硫代乙酰胺(TAA)介导的肝损伤的改善。PselMSC及PselSCMV、可溶性P-选择素及可溶性P-选择素结合的脂质体的处理可挽救TAA介导的肝损伤,如循环ALT、肝细胞特异性表现的酶含量所指示。**P<0.01,对比正常/媒剂组;#P<0.05,##P<0.01,对比TAA组。n=6。
图7.经P-选择素动员的CD34+干细胞(PselMSC)、经P-选择素动员的CD34+干细胞衍生的小胞(PselSCMV)、可溶性P-选择素及可溶性P-选择素结合的脂质体,对高脂膳食(HFD)诱导的糖尿病小鼠中的葡萄糖耐受性的改善。进行葡萄糖耐受性测试(OGTT)实验,且在不同实验小鼠组中测定血浆葡萄糖含量。
*P<0.05;**P<0.01,对比各别HFD组。n=6。
图8.经P-选择素动员的CD34+干细胞(PselMSC)、经P-选择素动员的CD34+干细胞衍生的小胞(PselSCMV)、可溶性P-选择素及可溶性P-选择素结合的脂质体对小鼠中之TAA诱导的肝炎的消炎作用。TAA诱导的发炎的程度藉由小鼠中的循环TNF-α含量指示;将正常/媒剂组中的平均TNF-α含量标准化为100%。**P<0.01,对比正常/媒剂组;*P<0.05,**P<0.01,对比TAA组。n=6。
具体实施方式
除非特定说明,否则当术语之定义偏离术语的常用含义时,申请人意欲使用下文中提供的定义。
除非内容另有明确指示,否则如本说明书及随附权利要求中所使用的单数形式「一(a/an)」及「所述(the)」包括复数个指示物。
如本文中所使用,除非另有说明,否则「或」的使用意谓「及/或」。在多重附属项的情况下,使用「或」仅以替代的方式重新提及超过一个前述独立项或附属项。
如本文中所使用,术语「一或多个」由熟习此项技术者容易理解,尤其在其使用的上下文中阅读时。
如本文中可互换地使用,术语「个人」、「个体」、「宿主」及「患者」是指哺乳动物,包括但不限于鼠类(大鼠、小鼠)、非人类灵长类动物、人类、犬科动物、猫科动物、有蹄动物(例如马科动物、牛科动物、绵羊、猪科动物、山羊)等。
如本文所使用,术语「可溶性P-选择素」是指P-选择素的天然产生的可溶性形式及其重组形式,或其多型体或对偶基因变异体或其他同功异型物。术语亦包含经修饰或未经修饰的可溶性P-选择素,诸如经糖基化或未经糖基化形式。
如本文所使用,术语「动员(mobilize)」及「动员(mobilization)」是指造血干细胞或祖细胞群体自干细胞龛释放的过程。
如本文所用,术语「龛位(niche)」是指调节干细胞功能连同干细胞自发机制的活体内或活体外细胞及分子微环境。此包括控制静止、自我更新及分化之间的平衡以及参与回应应激的特定程式。
如本文所用,术语「造血干细胞」或「HSC」是指能够分化成骨髓谱系(亦即单核球、巨噬细胞、嗜中性球、嗜碱性球、嗜酸性球、红血球、巨核细胞/血小板及一些树突状细胞)及淋巴谱系(亦即T细胞、B细胞、NK细胞及一些树突状细胞)的干细胞。
如本文所使用,术语「个体」是指任何动物,包括哺乳动物、鸟类、爬行动物及两栖动物,且在较佳实施例中是指哺乳动物,包括人类、伴侣动物、食物生产动物及野生动物。
如本文所用,术语「供体」是指在细胞或其后代投与受体之前分离一或多个细胞的个体。
如本文所使用,术语「有效量」是指一定量之一或多种试剂,诸如一定量的可溶性P-选择素及/或本文所描述的第二试剂,其在投与个体后动员造血干细胞或祖细胞群体。
干细胞可产生新细胞以修复对组织的损坏且因此具有再生药品的极大潜力。然而,干细胞以少量存在于组织中且尤其末梢血液中,使得难以收集干细胞或在临床上使用干细胞。干细胞的动员为将干细胞自骨髓收集至血液中的方式。本发明谨慎地发现,可溶性P-选择素(sP-sel)可干扰干细胞与龛之间的相互作用,且因此自骨髓动员干细胞。因此,用sP-sel动员干细胞可治疗需要组织的保存、修复或再生或个体中的血管再形成中的一或多者的个体。
P-选择素为位于血小板的α-颗粒的膜及内皮细胞的怀布尔-帕拉德体(Weibel-Palade body,WP体)中的选择素家族的成员。P-选择素表现为两种不同形式;一种为「细胞表面」形式且另一种为「可溶性」形式。前一种表现于涉及白血球发炎及HSC归巢的活化血小板或内皮细胞上。后一种(亦即,sP-sel)几乎仅在处于应激(例如,低氧)下的动物/人类中专门地在血浆中表现(Chang,H.H.及Sun,D.S.Methods of reducing hypoxic stress ina mammal by adminstring soluble P-selectin.美国专利US 8377887 B1(2012))。以血液中之单体形式存在的可溶性P-选择素分子比以寡聚物形式存在于膜上的P-选择素分子小3kDa。健康个体的可溶性P-选择素来源于内皮细胞及血小板中存在的交替剪接形式。本发明出人意料地发现,可溶性P-选择素的处理可干扰干细胞与龛之间的相互作用,且因此动员干细胞。因此动员的造血干细胞及祖细胞可随后自供体抽取且投与至患者,其中这些细胞可归巢至造血干细胞龛且重新构成患者中受到破坏或不足的细胞群体。
适用于干细胞动员的任何形式的sP-sel可用于本发明中。本发明的sP-sel的实例包括但不限于天然产生的sP-sel及与重组sP-sel。sP-sel可易于藉由一般技术获得,诸如自天然来源分离、购自商业来源或藉由分子生物技术合成。
sP-sel可与第二试剂组合使用以动员干细胞。第二试剂的实例包括但不限于G-CSF、GM-CSF、IL-3、GM-CSF/IL-3融合蛋白、FLK-2/FLT-3配位体、干细胞因子、IL-6、IL-11、TPO、VEGF、AMD3100及其组合。较佳地,第二试剂为G-CSF。可同时或依序使用sP-sel及第二试剂。
sP-sel可与干细胞组合使用。同时、单独地或间歇地投与sP-sel及干细胞。
可向需要治疗的个体投与造血干细胞移植疗法,以便填入或重新填入一或多个血球类型,诸如患有干细胞失调症的患者中所不足或缺乏的血球谱系。造血干细胞及祖细胞展现多效能,且因此可分化成多种不同血液谱系。造血干细胞产生不同类型的血球,在称为骨髓及淋巴之系中。骨髓及淋巴谱系皆涉及树突状细胞形成。骨髓细胞包括单核球、巨噬细胞、嗜中性球、嗜碱性球、嗜酸性球、红血球及巨核细胞至血小板。淋巴细胞包括T细胞、B细胞、自然杀手细胞及先天性淋巴细胞。
动员至个体的末梢血液的造血干细胞或祖细胞可通过任何合适的技术自个体抽取(例如采集或收集)。举例而言,造血干细胞或祖细胞可通过抽血抽取。在一些实施例中,可使用血球分离术采集(亦即收集)如本文所涵盖的动员至个体的末梢血液的造血干细胞或祖细胞。在一些实施例中,血球分离术可用于使供体的血液富含经动员的造血干细胞或祖细胞。
本文所揭示的sP-sel可根据各种途径投与,通常通过注射,诸如局部或全身性注射投与。然而,亦可使用其他投与途径,诸如肌肉内、静脉内、真皮内、皮下等。对于投与而言,sP-sel通常与适合于所指示的投与途径的一或多种佐剂组合。此外,若需要,则可进行重复注射。sP-sel是以每公斤体重约10-5μg至1.5mg的范围内投与。
经sP-sel动员的循环干细胞(PselMSC)可改善组织或器官损伤、增加修复、改善葡萄糖耐受性及/或减少发炎。PselMSC亦可重新填入骨髓或造血干细胞群体且可挽救组织损伤、增生性病症、发炎性疾病、免疫缺陷疾病、遗传病症、退化性病症、自体免疫病症及/或代谢疾病。增生性病症的实例包括但不限于血液癌及骨髓增生疾病。免疫缺乏疾病的实例包括但不限于先天性免疫缺乏疾病及后天性免疫缺乏疾病。自体免疫病症的实例包括但不限于幼年型关节炎、溃疡性结肠炎、1型糖尿病(Type 1diabetes mellitus/Type1diabetes)、多发性硬化症(MS)、发炎性肠病(IBD)、牛皮癣、牛皮癣性关节炎、类风湿性关节炎(RA)、人类全身性狼疮(SLE)、自体免疫淋巴组织增生症候群(ALPS)及淋巴球性结肠炎。代谢疾病的实例包括但不限于肝糖贮积病、黏多醣贮积症、高歇氏病(Gaucher'sDisease)、胡尔勒氏症(Hurlers Disease)、鞘脂沈积病及异染性脑白质营养不良。
可将收回的造血干细胞或祖细胞再输注至患者中,使得这些细胞随后回归造血组织并建立富有成效的造血作用,由此填入或重新填入患者中缺乏或不足的细胞系。
尽管已参考本发明的较佳实施例及实例描述本发明,但本发明的范畴不仅限于彼等所描述的实施例。如熟习此项技术者将显而易见,可在不偏离由随附权利要求所界定及限制的本发明的精神及范畴的情况下对上述本发明做出修改及变化。提供以下实例以用于说明本发明的实施例及优点的意图,且不意欲限制其范畴。
实例
实例1可溶性P-选择素介导的CD34+细胞的动员
根据先前报导(Tajima,F.,Sato,T.,Laver,J.H.及Ogawa,M.CD34expression bymurine hematopoietic stem cells mobilized by granulocyte colony-stimulatingfactor.Blood 96,1989-1993(2000)),G-CSF介导的小鼠CD34+细胞的动员需要5种注射剂量。此处吾人显示在第3天(在2次G-CSF注射剂量之后),小鼠中仍未引起循环CD34+细胞的诱发。
每次处理时,将重组小鼠P-选择素(rmP-sel)及颗粒球-群落刺激因子(G-CSF;)经静脉内注射至小鼠(0.1mg/kg体重)。相比于不诱导循环CD34+干细胞,rmP-sel处理仅通过2次注射即引发大量CD34+细胞(参见图1A实验概述,1B)。这些结果展示,在动员循环CD34+细胞时,P-选择素比G-CSF有效得多。
实例2可溶性P-选择素改善硫代乙酰胺(TAA)诱导的血小板减少及肝损伤
向C57BL/6J小鼠注射TAA以诱导急性肝损伤,且随后在有或无rm-Psel的情况下进行救援(图2A,时间表)。吾人发现,用两倍rmP-sel预处理可挽救末梢血液中之减少的血小板计数至正常含量(图2B)。天冬胺酸转胺酶(AST)酶活性为量测肝损伤的标准标记物。资料亦揭示rmP-sel可改善肝损伤(图2C)。吾人的资料表明,rmP-sel处理发挥组织保护作用以降0低TAA诱导的损伤(n=4;具有统计显著性的结果,P<0.05rmP-sel对比生理盐水)。
先前已展示,干细胞处理可能对肝损伤的改善具有有益作用。为表征rmP-Sel所引发的CD34+细胞是否具有组织保护效果,吾人进行授受性转移实验。吾人的资料显示,经P-选择素动员的CD34+干细胞而非末梢血液单核细胞(PBMC)的授受性转移能够挽救小鼠中的TAA诱导的肝炎(图3)。
在人类中,G-CSF处理动员CD34+干细胞,其能够重新填入γ-照射的骨髓。小鼠中的LSK造血干细胞为等效于人类中的CD34+干细胞的细胞谱系。为研究经P-选择素动员的LSK细胞在骨髓的重新填入中的潜在作用,将已接受用γ-射线致死性照射的C57Bl/6受体小鼠移植有1×105个LSK细胞,这些细胞用可溶性P-选择素(图4)及G-CSF(图5)动员。如通过在小鼠中挽救100%致死γ-照射所显示,移植物成功移植(图5;在非移植组中100%致死性对比经可溶性P-选择素动员的LSK及经G-CSF动员的LSK组两者的约83%存活率)。
使用TAA肝炎小鼠模型证明PselMSC及PselSCMV、可溶性P-选择素及可溶性P-选择素结合的脂质体的保护作用。PselMSC及PselSCMV、可溶性P-选择素及可溶性P-选择素结合的脂质体的处理明显地挽救小鼠中的TAA诱导的高循环丙胺酸转胺酶(ALT)含量的升高,表明这些试剂对TAA诱导的肝损伤具有改善作用。
先前展示脂肪细胞衍生之间叶干细胞在高脂饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠中改善葡萄糖稳态2,3。然而,PselMSC、PselSCMV、可溶性P-选择素及可溶性P-选择素结合的脂质体是否仍然难以实现。葡萄糖耐受性(OGTT)分析的结果揭示,PselMSC、PselSCMV、可溶性P-选择素及可溶性P-选择素结合的脂质体均改善高脂肪饮食(HFD)诱导的葡萄糖抗性,由此降低HFD-小鼠的血糖含量(图7)。
在TAA诱导的肝炎小鼠中分析展现发炎程度的循环TNF-α含量。资料显示,PselMSC、PselSCMV、可溶性P-选择素及可溶性P-选择素结合的脂质体均含有消炎特性,因为这些试剂的处理均明显地减少TAA诱导的小鼠中的血浆TNF-α含量的诱导(图8)。
Claims (20)
1.一种用于动员个体中循环干细胞的方法,所述方法包含向所述个体投与能有效动员这些干细胞的量的可溶性P-选择素(sP-sel)。
2.如权利要求1的方法,其中所述可溶性P-选择素可干扰干细胞与龛位(niche)之间的相互作用。
3.如权利要求1的方法,其中这些干细胞为造血细胞、祖细胞或骨髓干细胞。
4.如权利要求1的方法,其进一步包含在投与所述sP-sel之前、之后或同时投与第二试剂。
5.如权利要求4的方法,其中所述第二试剂是选自由以下组成的群:G-CSF、GM-CSF、IL-3、GM-CSF/IL-3融合蛋白、FLK-2/FLT-3配位体、干细胞因子、IL-6、IL-11、TPO、VEGF、AMD3100及其组合。
6.如权利要求4的方法,其中所述sP-sel的量是每次投与每公斤体重约10-5μg至1.5mg范围内。
7.如权利要求1的方法,其中经sP-sel动员的循环干细胞(PselMSC)可产生干细胞衍生的细胞外小胞。
8.如权利要求7的方法,其中这些PselMSC及PselMSC细胞外小胞可改善组织或器官损伤、增加修复、改善葡萄糖耐受性及/或减少发炎。
9.如权利要求8的方法,其中所述组织损伤为肝损伤。
10.如权利要求7的方法,其中这些PselMSC可重新填入骨髓或造血干细胞群体。
11.如权利要求1的方法,其中这些PselMSC及PselMSC细胞外小胞可挽救组织损伤、增生性病症、发炎性疾病、免疫缺陷疾病、遗传病症、退化性病症、自体免疫病症及/或代谢疾病。
12.如权利要求1的方法,其中所述sP-sel为天然产生的sP-sel或重组sP-sel。
13.如权利要求1的方法,其中所述sP-sel可进一步结合在囊泡及脂质体上。
14.一种用于治疗需要组织之保存、修复或再生或个体中血管再形成中的一或多者的个体的方法,所述方法包含向所述个体投与能有效动员所述个体中干细胞的量的sP-sel。
15.如权利要求14的方法,其进一步包含投与一定量的干细胞的步骤。
16.如权利要求14的方法,其中所述sP-sel及这些干细胞是同时、单独地或间歇地投与。
17.一种在有需要的患者中进行同种异体造血干细胞移植的方法,所述方法包含向所述患者输注治疗有效量的同种异体造血干细胞,其中这些造血干细胞是通过一种包含向所述供体投与有效量的sP-sel的方法自人类供体的骨髓动员至所述人类供体的末梢血液中。
18.如权利要求17的方法,其中所述sP-sel的量是每次投与每公斤体重约10-5μg至1.5mg范围内。
19.如权利要求17的方法,其中所述sP-sel为天然产生的sP-sel或重组sP-sel。
20.如权利要求17的方法,其中所述sP-sel可进一步结合在囊泡及脂质体上。
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