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CN113454039A - 装配玻璃单元及其生产方法 - Google Patents

装配玻璃单元及其生产方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113454039A
CN113454039A CN202080017413.4A CN202080017413A CN113454039A CN 113454039 A CN113454039 A CN 113454039A CN 202080017413 A CN202080017413 A CN 202080017413A CN 113454039 A CN113454039 A CN 113454039A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
glazing unit
glass
bus bar
conductive coating
unit according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202080017413.4A
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English (en)
Inventor
M·尼安德
B·伯格斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Publication of CN113454039A publication Critical patent/CN113454039A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/001—General methods for coating; Devices therefor
    • C03C17/002—General methods for coating; Devices therefor for flat glass, e.g. float glass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/155—Electrodes
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    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B32B17/10045—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet with at least one intermediate air space
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    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
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    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
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    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
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    • B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
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    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
    • B60J1/001—Double glazing for vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
    • B60J1/002—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor with means for clear vision, e.g. anti-frost or defog panes, rain shields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/023—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices including defroster or demisting means
    • B60S1/026—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices including defroster or demisting means using electrical means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
    • C03C17/23—Oxides
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    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
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    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/01—Function characteristic transmissive

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及装配玻璃单元(1；1')，其具有经由间隔型材(4；4')或热塑性中间层以预定距离互相接合的至少一个第一和第二玻璃或塑料板(3、6；6')，其中第一和第二玻璃或塑料板的至少一个(6')包括在装配玻璃单元的内侧上的透明导电涂层(9)和在其边缘区域中的用于导电涂层的电连接的汇流条(10)，其中所述汇流条至少在其表面的主要部分上配备有不透明覆盖物(11)。

Description

装配玻璃单元及其生产方法
本发明涉及装配玻璃单元，其具有经由间隔型材或热塑性中间层以预定距离互相接合的至少一个第一和第二玻璃或塑料板，其中第一和第二玻璃或塑料板的至少一个包括在装配玻璃单元的内侧上的透明导电涂层和特别在其边缘区域中的用于导电涂层的电连接的汇流条。其进一步涉及生产这样的装配玻璃单元的方法。
装配玻璃是建筑物和运载工具，特别是道路运载工具的功能上必不可少且美学角度上重要的部件，但个别也用于家用电器或家具件或类似物体。照惯例，它们的用途在于确保内部空间的自然采光和同时（在建筑物和运载工具的情况下）从它们看到环境的视线。由于用户的要求增加和同时通过新型技术实现，越来越多地开发和生产实现额外的保护和舒适功能的装配玻璃。
除具有各种不同的功能涂层（例如用于有针对性地吸收太阳光的特定辐射部分或用于减少热辐射到外部）的装配玻璃单元外，具有可控功能的装配玻璃单元在此也越来越重要。具有可加热板的装配玻璃单元早已为人所知并在有限程度上投入实际应用，而具有电致变色性质的装配玻璃单元或具有用于有针对性地控制透射率的可电控液晶层的那些近年来已具有一定的普遍度。
在这种类型的现代发展中，玻璃或塑料板的至少一个具有部分或甚至全表面的透明导电涂层，经其向电光学活性层施加电压并且其充当用于控制光学性质的控制电极。这些涂层通常含有至少一种金属、金属合金或透明导电氧化物（透明导电氧化物，TCO）。例如，平面电极可含有银、金、铜、镍、铬和/或钨或氧化铟锡（ITO）、镓掺杂或铝掺杂或其它方式掺杂的氧化锡。为了所述板的尽可能高的透明度，它们必须非常薄并优选具有在10 nm至2 µm之间的厚度。
由于低厚度，这些涂层不适合于例如通过焊接直接连接到馈电线。因此，在实践中，使用汇流条（也称为汇流排或“母线”）以连接到馈电线。汇流条是例如带形或线形的。汇流条由导电材料，如银、铜、铜合金或铝制成。其可例如通过在用于电接触的导电和/或可电切换涂层上印刷导电膏，特别是银膏来制成。导电银膏含有银颗粒和任选玻璃料。
US 2014/0247475 A1和US 2014/0133005 A1公开了具有电致变色层和至少部分布置在其上的汇流条的装配玻璃单元。
WO 2014/019780 A1和WO 2012/004280 A1公开了具有可电加热涂层和布置在其上的汇流条的复合玻璃板。
用于形成汇流条的导电膏经常用相对简单的手段施加到相应的板上，然后通过热处理（烧结）转化成基本金属的厚层。在施加过程和热处理过程中，都会不容易考虑美学方面，以致相应装配玻璃单元的汇流条经常不很美观。被构造为金属条或金属线的汇流条也经常不很美观。如果汇流条没有随后被适当的框架构造覆盖，这不利地影响装配玻璃单元的美学要求。
本发明的目的因此是提供在美学和特别在功能角度上都改进的装配玻璃单元以及可简单和成本有利地进行的其生产方法。
在其产品方面通过具有权利要求1的特征的装配玻璃单元和在其方法方面通过具有权利要求13的特征的方法实现这一目的。适宜的进一步扩展是从属权利要求的主题。
本发明包括保留在美观方面不令人满意的普通装配玻璃单元的汇流条配置、但通过额外元件或额外制造步骤改进外观的理念。特别地设置，汇流条至少在其表面的主要部分上配备有不透明覆盖物。
本发明涉及装配玻璃单元，其具有经由间隔型材或热塑性中间层以预定距离互相接合的至少一个第一和第二玻璃或塑料板，其中第一和第二玻璃或塑料板的至少一个包括在装配玻璃单元的内侧上的透明导电涂层和在其边缘区域中的用于导电涂层的电连接的汇流条，其中所述汇流条至少在其表面的主要部分上配备有不透明覆盖物。
这种透明导电涂层可例如含有至少一种金属、金属合金或透明导电氧化物（透明导电氧化物，TCO）。例如，平面电极可含有银、金、铜、镍、铬和/或钨或氧化铟锡（ITO）、镓掺杂或铝掺杂或其它方式掺杂的氧化锡。
特别合适的透明导电涂层含有至少一种金属，优选银、镍、铬、铌、锡、钛、铜、钯、锌、金、镉、铝、硅、钨或其合金，和/或至少一个金属氧化物层，优选锡掺杂氧化铟（ITO）、铝掺杂氧化锌（AZO）、氟掺杂氧化锡（FTO，SnO2:F）、锑掺杂氧化锡（ATO，SnO2:Sb），和/或碳纳米管和/或光学透明的导电聚合物，优选聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)、聚苯乙烯磺酸盐/酯、聚(4,4-二辛基环戊并二噻吩)、2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰基-1,4-苯醌、它们的混合物和/或共聚物。
为了所述板的尽可能高的透明度，导电涂层非常薄并优选具有在10 nm至5 µm之间，特别优选在30 nm至1 μm之间的厚度。透明导电涂层的面电阻是例如0.35欧姆/方块至200 欧姆/方块，优选0.6 欧姆/方块至30 欧姆/方块，特别是2 欧姆/方块至20 欧姆/方块。
在根据本发明的装配玻璃单元中，用于导电涂层的电连接的汇流条是例如带形或线形的。汇流条由导电材料，如银、铜、铜合金或铝制成。其可例如通过在用于电接触的导电和/或可电切换涂层上印刷导电膏，特别是银膏来制成。导电银膏含有银颗粒和任选玻璃料。经烘烤的导电膏的层厚度为例如大约5 µm至20 µm。
汇流条也可由含有或由铜、铜合金或铝制成的金属膜条或金属线形成。可借助导电胶粘剂将金属膜条或金属线施加到导电和/或可电切换涂层上。
所提出的不透明覆盖物消除已知装配玻璃单元的美学缺陷，还可同时为汇流条提供额外的防腐蚀或机械影响的保护。其制造通过已知和易得的辅助工具是简单和成本有利的，并可灵活适应于相应设计的装配玻璃单元的特定结构和使用条件。
在此，术语“覆盖物”是指需要美学改进和/或用合适手段额外保护的汇流条的各种形式的广泛覆盖物。特别地，这可以是市售胶带（黑色或彩色，取决于应用情况）、具有高度着色漆的涂层或其它方式的涂料施加，或任选甚至或多或少自支撑的覆盖条或覆盖型材。
不透明覆盖物优选是不导电的不透明覆盖物。
在根据本发明的装配玻璃单元的一个实施方案中，不透明覆盖物具有涂层或漆层，其中这种涂层或漆层优选是不必烘烤的涂层或漆层。
将汇流条的覆盖物布置在透视中朝向装配玻璃单元的内部。因此，根据本发明，该覆盖物不布置在汇流条和导电涂层之间。
根据本发明，将汇流条的覆盖物布置在使其覆盖汇流条且直接毗邻汇流条的区域中。因此，在这一区域中，没有其它层在覆盖物与汇流条之间。
在另一些实施方案中，汇流条是细长的并布置在所述玻璃或塑料板的边缘处或附近并平行于该边缘延伸，且不透明覆盖物基本在该边缘的整个长度上延伸。或者，该覆盖物也可被设计为其仅覆盖一部分的边缘区域，并且这种局部覆盖物也可被配置为在视觉上吸引人。
特别地，运载工具玻璃板，以及在特殊实施方案中的建筑物玻璃板，可具有弯曲边缘。因此，透明导电涂层的相应外边缘通常也是弯曲的，且布置在那里的汇流条也可具有非直线的走向。在本发明的实施中，不透明覆盖物可随后适应于汇流条的弯曲走向和装配玻璃单元的边缘走向。汇流条也可设置在装配玻璃单元的角落区域中并具有成角的形状，且此时合理的是也相应地选择覆盖物的几何配置。
此外，可设置汇流条距所述玻璃或塑料板的边缘一定距离布置，但不透明覆盖物延伸直到该玻璃或塑料板的边缘。或者，对于某些应用，也可能不为装配玻璃单元的直接边缘区域配备所提出的覆盖物，例如以便不损害在那里设置的封边（Randverbund）的功能性和性能参数。
在根据本发明的装配玻璃单元的一个优选实施方案中，将第一和第二玻璃或塑料板通过具有间隔元件和在每种情况下在间隔元件与第一和第二玻璃或塑料板之间的密封条的边缘间隔装置互相接合并保持一定距离，并将汇流条布置在间隔装置的内侧。
在将第一和第二玻璃或塑料板通过具有间隔元件和在每种情况下在间隔元件与第一和第二玻璃或塑料板之间的密封条的边缘间隔装置互相接合并保持一定距离、并将汇流条布置在间隔装置的内侧、并且不透明覆盖物覆盖与密封条之一接触的板部分的情况下，必须注意该覆盖物由与密封条的材料相容的材料制成。具体材料选择在此可敏感地取决于封边的材料和制造，因此在这方面不能做普遍陈述。
“布置在间隔装置的内侧”被理解为是指汇流条距间隔装置一定距离地布置在所述板内部空间的导电涂层上。
可为普通类型的装配玻璃单元配备包括多个可单独控制的部分的电光学功能元件。在此，特别地，可将绝缘线引入导电涂层（平面电极），以将该涂层划分成彼此绝缘的区段。这些区段此时各自具有单独的汇流条。相应地，当实施本发明时，不透明覆盖物也可在装配玻璃单元的一个或多个侧边上分区段。但是，从本发明人的角度看，在这样的情况下优选为多个汇流条设置连续的不透明覆盖物，因为这样的覆盖物更容易制造并且通常也在视觉上更吸引人。
在极具实际意义的实施类别中，装配玻璃单元是具有可电控性质，例如用于选择性着色的电致变色性质，或具有用于有针对性地控制透明度或不透明度的LCD功能层的建筑物装配玻璃单元。
所提出的装配玻璃单元的另一重要的实施类别是具有可电控性质的运载工具复合玻璃板，特别是载人轿车的顶部装配玻璃或前挡风玻璃板。这种运载工具装配玻璃也可配备有电致变色性质或配备有LCD功能层，并且后者可以特别地仅设置在各自的装配玻璃单元的一部分（例如作为遮阳板部分）中。
本发明也可用于为加热用途而配备有透明加热导体层或透明加热导体排的建筑物或运载工具装配玻璃单元。
最后，本发明也可用于某些技术设备，如高端冰箱或其它家用电器或容器型家具，如吧台柜的装配玻璃单元，其中应进行加热以防止起雾或出于其它原因控制光学性质。
本发明还涉及生产根据本发明的装配玻璃单元的方法，其至少包括下列步骤：
- 提供第一和第二玻璃或塑料板，其中第一和第二玻璃或塑料板的至少一个在一侧上包括透明导电涂层，
- 在其边缘区域中在透明导电涂层上产生或施加汇流条，
- 将馈电线安装在汇流条上，
- 为汇流条的表面的主要部分配备不导电的不透明覆盖物。
在根据本发明的方法中，最后提到的两个步骤可以任意顺序进行。
应理解的是，当提供第一和第二玻璃或塑料板时——其中第一和第二玻璃或塑料板的至少一个在一侧上包括透明导电涂层，在根据本发明的装配玻璃单元中作为内侧的一侧上施加该导电涂层。
因此，根据本发明的装配玻璃单元可根据一种方法生产，其中在为所述玻璃或塑料板提供透明导电涂层后，在该导电涂层上产生或施加汇流条并将馈电线焊接或导电粘合在其上，并且随后在同时覆盖焊接或粘合点的情况下为汇流条配备不透明覆盖物。
或者，根据本发明的装配玻璃单元可根据一种方法生产，其中在为所述玻璃或塑料板提供透明导电涂层后，在该导电涂层上产生或施加汇流条，然后在空出预期的焊接或粘合点的情况下为汇流条提供不透明覆盖物，并且此后在该焊接或粘合点将馈电线焊接或导电粘合到汇流条上。
关于所提出的方法，应该指出，如果应实现覆盖物的尽可能最佳的美学和保护效果，优选在所述一个板或多个板上的平面电极的电连接所必需的步骤完成后安装不透明覆盖物。在所述实施中，胶带或预制覆盖条或型材（任选配备有胶粘涂层）的使用是适当的。替代性操作方式——其中在焊接或粘合馈电线之前施加所述一个或多个汇流条的覆盖物——目前被认为在光学和功能角度上较不优选，但可更好和更成本有利地集成到装配玻璃单元的制造工序中。如果使用用于施加在最初状态下为液体或糊状的层的涂覆装置实现不透明覆盖物，特别如此。
应理解的是，关于优选实施方式，上文关于根据本发明的装配玻璃单元作出的陈述同样适用于根据本发明的方法。
本发明的各种实施方式可独立地或以任意组合实现。特别地，上文提到的和下文解释的特征不仅可以所示组合使用，也可以其它组合或分开使用，而不背离本发明的范围。
本发明的优点和适宜性也从参考附图的本发明的实施例和方面的以下描述中显而易见。附图是示意图并且不按比例，并且决不限制本发明。它们示出了：
图1 在透视截面图中的普通装配玻璃单元的示意图，和
图2 根据本发明的装配玻璃单元的一个实施方案的截面图（详细图）。
图1示出了具有电致变色性质的装配玻璃单元1，其作为装入窗框2中的建筑物装配玻璃单元。装配玻璃单元1包括常规玻璃内板3，其经由具有间隔型材4a和密封型材4b的常规封边4与电致变色的外板6接合，以形成板间隙5（填充有例如稀有气体）。外板6是两个板6a、6b的板复合体系，其又包括合适的封边7。应该指出，封边结构4a/4b和7在此仅示意性和以简化方式示出。此外，在图1中，没有示出负责电致变色效应的外板6的内部结构；这是本领域技术人员已知的。
电致变色的外板6的板6a、6b在内侧具有透明导电涂层（平面电极 - 未示出），该透明导电涂层可经由馈电线8与控制单元连接。如上文解释，但也未显示在该图中，在板6a、6b的平面电极上设置用于焊接连接到该连接线8的汇流条。
图2是构造略有不同的根据本发明的装配玻璃单元1'的示意图，其包括第一玻璃板3和第二玻璃板6'，它们通过封边4'互相接合并密封，以形成内部空间5。在此，封边4'又以简化方式示出，并在该图中包括间隔型材4a'和在其两侧上且在与板3和6'相邻的表面上的各自的聚异丁烯（PIB）密封条4b'。
为了用装配玻璃单元1'实现在此不作进一步解释的电光学效应，为第二玻璃板6'的内表面配备透明导电涂层（平面电极，TCO）9。在玻璃板6'的边缘区域中将汇流条10施加到平面电极9上，但距该玻璃板的边缘一定距离并位于封边4'的内侧。汇流条10通过分散银导电膏和随后以本身已知的方式烘烤或烧结这种导电膏来形成，并由于其制造条件而具有无锐边的轮廓。
用不透明覆盖物11覆盖汇流条10，该不透明覆盖物例如作为胶带或涂料施加实现，并在此直接到达玻璃板6'的相邻边缘。覆盖物11因此也覆盖密封条4b'与玻璃板6'毗邻的区域，因此必须由与密封条4b'的PIB相容并确保该封边的长期可靠性的材料制成。在示出的实例中，装配玻璃单元1'的边缘区域也在第二玻璃板6'的外侧上配备有作为外侧覆盖物12的涂层，其覆盖封边4'和汇流条10并因此在视觉上从装配玻璃单元1'的外侧隐藏这两者。
作为所示出的配置的替代，该覆盖物也可终止于PIB密封条4b'的内边缘，即基本仅覆盖汇流条10在其中纵向延伸的外板6'的那条。由此使得不需要确保覆盖物的材料与密封条的PIB之间的相容性，并且封边的可靠性当然不受该覆盖物的损害。此外，可安装与PIB密封条稍有重叠的覆盖物。
附图标记
1；1' 装配玻璃单元
2 框
3 内板（第一板）
4；4' 封边
4a；4a' 间隔型材
4b；4b' 密封件/密封条
5 板内部空间
6；6' 外板（第二板）
7 外板的封边
8 连接线
9 透明导电涂层（TCO）
10 汇流条
11 汇流条的覆盖物
12 外侧覆盖物。

Claims (15)

1.装配玻璃单元(1；1')，其具有经由间隔型材(4；4')或热塑性中间层以预定距离互相接合的至少一个第一和第二玻璃或塑料板(3、6；6')，
其中第一和第二玻璃或塑料板的至少一个(6')包括在装配玻璃单元的内侧上的透明导电涂层(9)和在其边缘区域中的用于导电涂层的电连接的汇流条(10)，
其中所述汇流条至少在其表面的主要部分上配备有不透明覆盖物(11)。
2.根据权利要求1的装配玻璃单元，其中汇流条(10)是细长的，并布置在所述玻璃或塑料板(6')的边缘处或附近并平行于所述边缘延伸，且不透明覆盖物(11)在所述边缘的整个长度上延伸。
3.根据权利要求1或2的装配玻璃单元，其中汇流条(10)距所述玻璃或塑料板(6')的边缘一定距离布置，但不透明覆盖物(11)延伸直到所述玻璃或塑料板的边缘。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项的装配玻璃单元，其中不透明覆盖物(11)包含胶带或涂层或漆层。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项的装配玻璃单元，其中将第一和第二玻璃或塑料板(3；6')通过具有间隔元件(4a')和在每种情况下在间隔元件与第一和第二玻璃或塑料板之间的密封条(4b')的边缘间隔装置(4')互相接合并保持一定距离，且汇流条(10)布置在所述间隔装置的内侧。
6.根据权利要求5的装配玻璃单元，
其中不透明覆盖物(11)覆盖与密封条之一接触的板部分，并且覆盖物(11)由与密封条的材料相容的材料制成。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项的装配玻璃单元，其被构造为具有可电控性质或具有可加热的玻璃或塑料板的建筑物装配玻璃单元。
8.根据权利要求1至6中任一项的装配玻璃单元，其被构造为具有可电控性质的运载工具复合玻璃板，特别是载人轿车的顶部装配玻璃或前挡风玻璃板。
9.根据权利要求1至6中任一项的装配玻璃单元，其被构造为电可加热的运载工具复合玻璃板，特别是载人轿车的顶部装配玻璃或前挡风玻璃板。
10.根据权利要求1至6中任一项的装配玻璃单元，其被构造为具有可电控光学性质的家用电器、家具件等的设备装配玻璃单元，或被构造为家用电器、家具件等的可加热的设备装配玻璃单元。
11.根据权利要求7、8或10中任一项的装配玻璃单元，其具有电致变色性质。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项的装配玻璃单元，其中不透明覆盖物(11)不导电。
13.生产根据权利要求1至12中任一项的装配玻璃单元(1；1')的方法，其至少包括：
- 提供第一和第二玻璃或塑料板(3、6；6')，其中第一和第二玻璃或塑料板(3、6；6')的至少一个在一侧上包括透明导电涂层(9)，
- 在其边缘区域中在透明导电涂层上产生或施加汇流条(10)，
- 将馈电线安装在汇流条(10)上，
- 为汇流条的表面的主要部分配备不导电的不透明覆盖物。
14.根据权利要求13的生产根据权利要求1至12中任一项的装配玻璃单元(1；1')的方法，
其中在为玻璃或塑料板(6')提供透明导电涂层(9)后，在所述导电涂层上产生或施加汇流条(10)，并将馈电线(8)焊接或导电粘合到其上，并且随后在同时覆盖焊接或粘合点的情况下为汇流条配备不透明覆盖物(11)。
15.根据权利要求13的生产根据权利要求1至12中任一项的装配玻璃单元(1；1')的方法，
其中在为玻璃或塑料板(6')提供透明导电涂层(9)后，在所述导电涂层上产生或施加汇流条(10)，随后在空出预期的焊接或粘合点的情况下为汇流条配备不透明覆盖物(11)，并且此后在所述焊接或粘合点将馈电线焊接或导电粘合到汇流条上。
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