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CN112542152A - Multilayer composite sound absorption structure with compact sound absorption material in middle layer - Google Patents

Multilayer composite sound absorption structure with compact sound absorption material in middle layer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112542152A
CN112542152A CN202011348158.XA CN202011348158A CN112542152A CN 112542152 A CN112542152 A CN 112542152A CN 202011348158 A CN202011348158 A CN 202011348158A CN 112542152 A CN112542152 A CN 112542152A
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China
Prior art keywords
sound absorption
layer
compact
sound
absorption material
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Pending
Application number
CN202011348158.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵晓丹
孙笑
王新
董非
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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Priority to CN202011348158.XA priority Critical patent/CN112542152A/en
Publication of CN112542152A publication Critical patent/CN112542152A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/03—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of noise control, and particularly relates to a multilayer composite sound absorption structure with a compact sound absorption material in an intermediate layer. The multilayer composite sound absorption structure comprises a front loose sound absorption material layer (1), a compact sound absorption material layer (2) and a rear loose sound absorption material layer (3); the layer (2) of sound-absorbing compact material is not in the first layer nor in the last layer, but is placed in the middle. The compact sound absorption material and the loose sound absorption material at the rear end in the structure of the invention are combined to have good low-frequency sound absorption performance, but the high-frequency sound absorption effect is not good, the loose sound absorption material at the front end of the compact sound absorption material compensates for medium-high frequency sound absorption, and the whole composite sound absorption structure keeps good sound absorption performance from low frequency to high frequency.

Description

Multilayer composite sound absorption structure with compact sound absorption material in middle layer
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of noise control, and particularly relates to a multilayer composite sound absorption structure giving consideration to low-frequency and medium-high frequency sound absorption, in particular to a multilayer composite sound absorption structure with a compact sound absorption material in an intermediate layer.
Background
The sound absorption technology is the core technology of noise control engineering, and the sound absorption material is widely applied to various fields of noise control, and is usually a porous sound absorption material. Typical porous sound absorbing materials are: glass wool, slag wool, rock wool, foamed plastic, asbestos wool, felt, soft fiberboard and the like. Generally, a common single-layer sound absorption material has good medium-high frequency sound absorption performance, but the low-frequency sound absorption performance is not good, the low-frequency sound absorption performance needs to be improved by increasing the thickness of the single-layer sound absorption material, and the single-layer sound absorption material occupies a larger space and increases the cost due to the increase of the thickness of the single-layer sound absorption material.
In order to improve the sound absorption performance of a single-layer sound absorption material, a multi-layer composite sound absorption structure is used in engineering to improve the sound absorption effect. For the multilayer composite sound absorption structure, generally, a gradual change sound absorption principle is utilized, the volume weight of the sound absorption material is changed, so that the sound absorption material arranged on the first layer is looser, sound waves firstly enter the first layer, the characteristic impedance of the first layer of sound absorption material is matched with the characteristic impedance of air, then the volume weight of the sound absorption material is increased layer by layer, the characteristic impedance of each layer of sound absorption material inside is gradually increased, and the compact sound absorption material is arranged on the last layer. In another type of composite sound absorption structure, a compact sound absorption material is placed on the first layer, a loose sound absorption material is placed at the rear end, such as a self-skinning sponge, the PVC rubber plastic material at the front end is a compact sound absorption material with a large volume weight, and the polyurethane sponge at the rear end is a loose sound absorption material with a small volume weight.
Disclosure of Invention
The multilayer composite sound absorption structure provided by the invention is different from a progressive sound absorption mechanism, the compact sound absorption material is not arranged on the last layer, the compact sound absorption material and the loose sound absorption material at the rear end form good low-frequency sound absorption performance, but the medium-high frequency sound absorption effect is not good.
The multilayer composite sound absorption structure with the compact sound absorption material in the middle layer comprises a front loose sound absorption material layer 1, a compact sound absorption material layer 2 and a rear loose sound absorption material layer 3; the layer of compact acoustic absorption material 2 is neither in the first layer nor in the last layer, but is placed in the middle.
In the invention, the volume weight of the compact sound absorption material is more than twice of that of the secondary compact sound absorption material in the structure, and the secondary compact sound absorption material refers to the sound absorption material with the largest volume weight except the compact sound absorption material. If the volume weight of the compact sound absorption material is not obviously higher than that of the loose sound absorption material, the compact sound absorption material and the loose sound absorption material at the rear end cannot have good low-frequency sound absorption effect; the thickness requirement of compact sound absorption material is not more than 10mm, if the thickness of compact sound absorption material is too large, the bandwidth of middle and low frequency sound absorption frequency band is narrowed.
The invention can also adopt the composition of more than three layers, for example, a plurality of layers of loose sound-absorbing materials are arranged at the front end according to a gradual sound-absorbing mechanism to absorb medium-high frequency sound waves, and then dense sound-absorbing materials and loose sound-absorbing materials are arranged to absorb low-frequency sound waves.
Further, in the present invention, the front porous sound absorbing material layer may be one or more layers, and the rear porous sound absorbing material layer may also be one or more layers.
In the invention, the loose sound-absorbing materials at the front end and the rear end of the compact sound-absorbing material can be selected from the same material or different materials.
In the structure of the invention, sound waves firstly enter the loose sound-absorbing material at the front end of the whole composite structure, and medium-high frequency sound waves are well absorbed by the loose sound-absorbing material; the low-frequency sound waves penetrate through the front loose sound absorption material and are incident on the compact sound absorption material, and the compact sound absorption material and the composite structure formed by the rear loose sound absorption material absorb the low-frequency sound waves, so that the multilayer composite sound absorption structure has good sound absorption performance at low frequency and medium and high frequency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three layer composite sound absorbing structure with a compact sound absorbing material in the middle layer;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a two layer composite sound absorbing structure with a compact sound absorbing material in a first layer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a two-layer composite sound absorbing structure with a compact sound absorbing material in the last layer;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a three layer composite sound absorbing structure of a compact sound absorbing material thickened in an intermediate layer;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a four layer composite sound absorbing structure with a compact sound absorbing material in the middle layer;
FIG. 6 is a test characteristic curve of sound absorption coefficient of a three-layer composite structure with a compact sound absorbing material in the middle layer;
FIG. 7 is a test sound absorption coefficient characteristic curve for a two layer composite structure of a compact sound absorber in a first layer;
fig. 8 is a sound absorption coefficient test characteristic curve of a two-layer composite structure in which a compact sound absorption material is disposed in a final layer.
FIG. 9 is a graph of sound absorption coefficient calculation for a three-layer composite structure with a densified sound absorbing material in the middle layer;
FIG. 10 is a calculated sound absorption coefficient curve for a compact sound absorber in a four layer composite sound absorbing structure in an intermediate layer.
Detailed Description
The following description is given to specific embodiments and features of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A concrete example of a multilayer composite sound absorption structure with a compact sound absorption material in the middle layer, referring to fig. 1, the composite structure is composed of a front loose sound absorption material layer 1, a compact sound absorption material layer 2, and a rear loose sound absorption material layer 3. The front loose sound absorption material layer 11 is arranged on the first layer, the material layer adopts sound absorption cotton, and the volume weight is 0.038g/cm3The thickness is 8.5 mm; the compact sound absorption material layer 2 is closely arranged behind the loose sound absorption material layer 1 at the front end, and the compact sound absorption material isUsing a polystyrene sound-absorbing board with the volume weight of 0.130g/cm3The thickness is 5 mm; the rear loose sound absorption material layer 3 is closely arranged behind the compact sound absorption material layer 2, the rear loose sound absorption material adopts sound absorption cotton, and the volume weight is 0.038g/cm3The thickness is 8.5 mm. The composite sound absorption structure of implementation is three-layer altogether, and closely knit type sound absorbing material layer 2 is neither in first layer nor last one deck, but places in the intermediate level, closely knit type sound absorbing material's bulk density is more than two times than closely knit sound absorbing material bulk density, closely knit type sound absorbing material layer 2's thickness is 5mm, does not exceed 10 mm.
The implemented composite sound absorption structure was tested, and its sound absorption coefficient was measured using a standing wave tube, and the measurement results are shown in fig. 6. Meanwhile, compared with a double-layer composite structure in which the compact sound absorption material is arranged on the first layer and the compact sound absorption material is arranged on the last layer, the sound absorption performance of the compared composite sound absorption structure is shown in fig. 2 and 3. FIG. 2 is a double-layer composite sound absorption structure with a compact sound absorption material on a first layer, which is composed of a loose sound absorption material layer 1 and a compact sound absorption material layer 2, wherein the compact sound absorption material layer 2 is arranged on the first layer, the compact sound absorption material is a polystyrene sound absorption board, and the volume weight of the polystyrene sound absorption board is 0.130g/cm3The thickness is 5 mm; the loose sound absorption material layer 1 is closely arranged behind the compact sound absorption material layer 2, the loose sound absorption material adopts sound absorption cotton, and the volume weight is 0.038g/cm3The thickness was 17mm, and the sound absorption coefficient thereof was measured, as shown in FIG. 7. FIG. 3 is a double-layer composite sound absorption structure with a compact sound absorption material in the last layer, which is composed of a loose sound absorption material layer 1 and a compact sound absorption material layer 2, wherein the loose sound absorption material layer 1 is arranged on the first layer, the loose sound absorption material is made of sound absorption cotton, and the volume weight is 0.038g/cm3The thickness is 17 mm; the compact sound absorption material layer 2 is closely arranged behind the loose sound absorption material layer 1, the compact sound absorption material adopts a polystyrene sound absorption plate, and the volume weight is 0.130g/cm3The thickness was 5mm, and the sound absorption coefficient thereof was measured, as shown in FIG. 8.
Fig. 7 is a test sound absorption characteristic curve of the double-layer composite sound absorption structure with the compact sound absorption material on the first layer, wherein the test sound absorption characteristic curve has a sound absorption peak at low frequency, the sound absorption peak is about 600Hz, the sound absorption performance is good in the frequency range from 500Hz to 800Hz, and the sound absorption performance in other frequency bands is poor. Fig. 8 is a test sound absorption characteristic curve of the double-layer composite sound absorption structure in which the compact sound absorption material is located at the last layer, and the sound absorption material has good high-frequency sound absorption performance above 1000Hz and low sound absorption coefficient below 1000 Hz. Fig. 6 is a test sound absorption characteristic curve of a three-layer composite sound absorption structure with a compact sound absorption material in the middle layer, compared with fig. 7 and 8, under the condition that the total thickness of the composite structure is 22mm, the sound absorption peak at 600Hz is kept, the sound absorption effect is good at more than 500Hz, and the whole structure has good sound absorption performance at low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency.
Fig. 4 is a three-layer composite sound absorption structure of a compact sound absorption material thickened at a middle layer, which is basically the same as the structure shown in fig. 1, except that the thickness of the sound absorption material of the compact middle layer is increased from 5mm to 10mm, and the calculation result of the sound absorption coefficient is shown in fig. 9, compared with fig. 6, because the thickness of the compact middle layer is too thick, the sound absorption peak moves slightly to low frequency, but the bandwidth of the sound absorption frequency band at middle and high frequency is obviously narrowed, the whole sound absorption effect is reduced, and the thickness of the compact middle layer should be properly selected and should not exceed 10 mm.
FIG. 5 is a fourth layer composite sound absorption structure with compact sound absorption material on the third layer, which is composed of a first front end loose sound absorption material layer 11, a second front end loose sound absorption material 12, a compact loose sound absorption material layer 2 and a rear end loose sound absorption material layer 3, wherein the first front end loose sound absorption material layer 11 is arranged on the first layer, and the volume weight of the first front end loose sound absorption material layer is 0.03g/cm3The sound absorption cotton is 5mm in thickness; the second front loose sound absorption material 12 is arranged on the second layer and adopts the bulk density of 0.038g/cm3The thickness of the sound absorption cotton is 3.5 mm; the compact sound absorption material layer 2 is arranged on the third layer and adopts the bulk density of 0.130g/cm3The polystyrene acoustic board has the thickness of 5 mm; the rear loose sound absorption material layer 3 is closely arranged behind the compact sound absorption material layer 2, and the volume weight is 0.038g/cm3The thickness of the sound absorption cotton is 8.5 mm. The composite sound absorption structure adopts a composite mode of more than three layers, the total thickness is four, the total thickness is also controlled to be 22mm, the compact sound absorption material layer 2 is not arranged on the first layer or the last layer,but is placed on a certain layer in the middle, the calculation result of the sound absorption coefficient is shown in figure 10, a sound absorption peak is arranged at the position of 600Hz, the sound absorption effect is obvious at the position of more than 500Hz, and the sound absorption effect is good from low frequency to medium-high frequency.

Claims (4)

1. A multilayer composite sound absorption structure with compact sound absorption materials in a middle layer comprises a front loose sound absorption material layer (1), a compact sound absorption material layer (2) and a rear loose sound absorption material layer (3); characterized in that the layer of compact sound-absorbing material (2) is not present in either the first or the last layer.
2. Multilayer composite sound absorbing structure of compact sound absorbing material in the middle layer according to claim 1, wherein the bulk density of the compact sound absorbing material is more than twice the bulk density of the less compact sound absorbing material in the multilayer composite sound absorbing structure, and the less compact sound absorbing material is the sound absorbing material with the largest bulk density except the compact sound absorbing material.
3. Multilayer composite sound-absorbing structure of compact sound-absorbing material in the middle layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the compact sound-absorbing material (2) used does not exceed 10 mm.
4. A multi-layer composite sound absorbing structure of compact sound absorbing material in the middle layer according to claim 1 wherein the front porous sound absorbing material layer is one or more layers and the rear porous sound absorbing material layer is one or more layers.
CN202011348158.XA 2020-11-26 2020-11-26 Multilayer composite sound absorption structure with compact sound absorption material in middle layer Pending CN112542152A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202758608U (en) * 2012-08-08 2013-02-27 濮阳市元光科技有限公司 Sound-absorbing body of composite resonant cavity
CN106703234A (en) * 2017-01-25 2017-05-24 全球能源互联网研究院 Resistance-double resonance composite sound absorbing profile
CN207314568U (en) * 2017-06-26 2018-05-04 成都农业科技职业学院 A kind of efficiently middle low frequency absorption mechanism of substation
CN109098299A (en) * 2018-08-29 2018-12-28 安徽微威环保科技有限公司 A kind of interior absorbent treatment
CN210032167U (en) * 2019-02-20 2020-02-07 广东电网有限责任公司 Low-frequency noise insulation board and sound insulation cover
CN111376553A (en) * 2020-03-09 2020-07-07 东华大学 Interpenetrating network type elastic fiber sound-absorbing sponge with sandwich structure and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202758608U (en) * 2012-08-08 2013-02-27 濮阳市元光科技有限公司 Sound-absorbing body of composite resonant cavity
CN106703234A (en) * 2017-01-25 2017-05-24 全球能源互联网研究院 Resistance-double resonance composite sound absorbing profile
CN207314568U (en) * 2017-06-26 2018-05-04 成都农业科技职业学院 A kind of efficiently middle low frequency absorption mechanism of substation
CN109098299A (en) * 2018-08-29 2018-12-28 安徽微威环保科技有限公司 A kind of interior absorbent treatment
CN210032167U (en) * 2019-02-20 2020-02-07 广东电网有限责任公司 Low-frequency noise insulation board and sound insulation cover
CN111376553A (en) * 2020-03-09 2020-07-07 东华大学 Interpenetrating network type elastic fiber sound-absorbing sponge with sandwich structure and preparation method thereof

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