CN111936494A - 作为钠通道抑制剂的取代的氢-吡啶并-吖嗪 - Google Patents
作为钠通道抑制剂的取代的氢-吡啶并-吖嗪 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111936494A CN111936494A CN201980022681.2A CN201980022681A CN111936494A CN 111936494 A CN111936494 A CN 111936494A CN 201980022681 A CN201980022681 A CN 201980022681A CN 111936494 A CN111936494 A CN 111936494A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- group
- compound
- alkyl
- pain
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 102000018674 Sodium Channels Human genes 0.000 title claims description 55
- 108010052164 Sodium Channels Proteins 0.000 title claims description 55
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 336
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 157
- 230000036407 pain Effects 0.000 claims description 133
- -1 hydroxy, amino Chemical group 0.000 claims description 102
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 69
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims description 56
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 53
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 47
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 41
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 23
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 23
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical group O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 201000011384 erythromelalgia Diseases 0.000 claims description 20
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 201000006417 multiple sclerosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 19
- 208000004296 neuralgia Diseases 0.000 claims description 18
- 208000021722 neuropathic pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 18
- 208000033808 peripheral neuropathy Diseases 0.000 claims description 16
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 15
- 208000017692 primary erythermalgia Diseases 0.000 claims description 15
- 206010003119 arrhythmia Diseases 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 206010002026 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 13
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 208000005298 acute pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 208000000094 Chronic Pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000020925 Bipolar disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 206010065390 Inflammatory pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 201000001119 neuropathy Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007823 neuropathy Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 208000020016 psychiatric disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000037674 Primary erythromelalgia Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000023504 respiratory system disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 206010003658 Atrial Fibrillation Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000004550 Postoperative Pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000005793 Restless legs syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000002551 irritable bowel syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 201000000306 sarcoidosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000003663 ventricular fibrillation Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000011231 Crohn disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000032131 Diabetic Neuropathies Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000007914 Labor Pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000019695 Migraine disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000010886 Peripheral nerve injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000004983 Phantom Limb Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010056238 Phantom pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010036376 Postherpetic Neuralgia Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010039020 Rhabdomyolysis Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010040744 Sinus headache Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010057040 Temperature intolerance Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010043269 Tension headache Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000008548 Tension-Type Headache Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000028683 bipolar I disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000025307 bipolar depression Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004452 carbocyclyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008543 heat sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000003532 hypothyroidism Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002989 hypothyroidism Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010027599 migraine Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000019865 paroxysmal extreme pain disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 201000000980 schizophrenia Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000009935 visceral pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 201000001320 Atherosclerosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010058019 Cancer Pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000001640 Fibromyalgia Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000000693 Neurogenic Urinary Bladder Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000010118 dystonia Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004112 neuroprotection Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 201000008482 osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010044652 trigeminal neuralgia Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010009900 Colitis ulcerative Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000003883 Cystic fibrosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010020844 Hyperthermia malignant Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000035945 Labour pain Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000026709 Liddle syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000018717 Malignant hyperthermia of anesthesia Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010028372 Muscular weakness Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010061533 Myotonia Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000012075 Paroxysmal dystonia Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010037113 Pseudoaldosteronism Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010049447 Tachyarrhythmia Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000001871 Tachycardia Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000006704 Ulcerative Colitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010003246 arthritis Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000007004 malignant hyperthermia Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036473 myasthenia Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006793 arrhythmia Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000302 ischemic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006570 (C5-C6) heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003341 7 membered heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
- 125000004070 6 membered heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000002373 5 membered heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 206010002556 Ankylosing Spondylitis Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 claims 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 73
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 65
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 64
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 59
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 52
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 49
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 49
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 39
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 38
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 36
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 36
- 208000003251 Pruritus Diseases 0.000 description 35
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 35
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 32
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical class [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 27
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 27
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 26
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 24
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 20
- 210000002683 foot Anatomy 0.000 description 19
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 19
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 18
- 238000004808 supercritical fluid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 18
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical class CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 16
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 16
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl acetate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000007803 itching Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 16
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 16
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 15
- 208000004454 Hyperalgesia Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 15
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 210000001032 spinal nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 13
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 13
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 13
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 238000009739 binding Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008499 blood brain barrier function Effects 0.000 description 12
- 210000001218 blood-brain barrier Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 108010053752 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 102000016913 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Human genes 0.000 description 11
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 125000004284 isoxazol-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=NO1 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- NNJVILVZKWQKPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lidocaine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC(=O)NC1=C(C)C=CC=C1C NNJVILVZKWQKPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- GUJYFCBXDUPORN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=C(F)C(C(F)(F)F)=C1 GUJYFCBXDUPORN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N serotonin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(CCN)=CNC2=C1 QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 10
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 description 9
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 9
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 9
- 229960004194 lidocaine Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 9
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 8
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 8
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000202 analgesic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 8
- ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N cocaine Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](N2C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPUCINDJVBIVPJ-LJISPDSOSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 8
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 8
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000003195 sodium channel blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000013537 high throughput screening Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UUGFZRFYUYOIDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-4-methoxy-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F UUGFZRFYUYOIDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WOFOKKKWMDHLEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-5-fluoro-2-methoxyaniline Chemical compound COC1=CC(Br)=C(F)C=C1N WOFOKKKWMDHLEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical group C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 208000037111 Retinal Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 6
- WOAORAPRPVIATR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 WOAORAPRPVIATR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000000548 hind-foot Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004941 influx Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 6
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- BMPKQQGNTVQMHQ-TZIWHRDSSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[2-cyano-5-fluoro-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound C(#N)C=1C(=CC(=C(C=1)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F)F)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1 BMPKQQGNTVQMHQ-TZIWHRDSSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MQSDRINIHZKMGK-WIYYLYMNSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)-5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound ClC=1C=C(C=CC=1)C1=C(C=C(C(=C1)OC)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)F MQSDRINIHZKMGK-WIYYLYMNSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CLRANRQVIWLROH-WIYYLYMNSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[4-[3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC(C=1C=C(C=CC=1)C1=C(C=C(C(=C1)OC)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)F)F CLRANRQVIWLROH-WIYYLYMNSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QQSSFYLKUHLBGQ-SJLPKXTDSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-6-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyridin-3-yl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC=1C=C(C(=NC=1C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F)OC)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1 QQSSFYLKUHLBGQ-SJLPKXTDSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RHFWLPWDOYJEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-oxazol-3-amine Chemical compound NC=1C=CON=1 RHFWLPWDOYJEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GDLIGKIOYRNHDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Clomipramine Chemical compound C1CC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2N(CCCN(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C21 GDLIGKIOYRNHDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 101000654386 Homo sapiens Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 208000032382 Ischaemic stroke Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000021384 Obsessive-Compulsive disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 102100030264 Pleckstrin Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 208000017442 Retinal disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 206010038923 Retinopathy Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 102100031367 Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 208000009415 Spinocerebellar Ataxias Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003447 ipsilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N morphine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](C=C[C@H]23)O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4O BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 108010026735 platelet protein P47 Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 5
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940076279 serotonin Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000001170 unmyelinated nerve fiber Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VLPIATFUUWWMKC-SNVBAGLBSA-N (2r)-1-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)propan-2-amine Chemical compound C[C@@H](N)COC1=C(C)C=CC=C1C VLPIATFUUWWMKC-SNVBAGLBSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RDJGLLICXDHJDY-NSHDSACASA-N (2s)-2-(3-phenoxyphenyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](C)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 RDJGLLICXDHJDY-NSHDSACASA-N 0.000 description 4
- FICCRPXKPQBWLY-HNAYVOBHSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrido[4,3-d][1,3]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1C(OC[C@H]2[C@H]1CCN(C2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)=O)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F FICCRPXKPQBWLY-HNAYVOBHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CHWUFWAYVJAYOR-WIYYLYMNSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[5-fluoro-4-[2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)F CHWUFWAYVJAYOR-WIYYLYMNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZJDBKCRCFPBVBE-WIYYLYMNSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[5-fluoro-4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)F ZJDBKCRCFPBVBE-WIYYLYMNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HLTZYGSBNPVIGB-RXVVDRJESA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical class FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@@H]2[C@@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F HLTZYGSBNPVIGB-RXVVDRJESA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZEUITGRIYCTCEM-KRWDZBQOSA-N (S)-duloxetine Chemical compound C1([C@@H](OC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)CCNC)=CC=CS1 ZEUITGRIYCTCEM-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010048962 Brain oedema Diseases 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N Deuterated methanol Chemical compound [2H]OC([2H])([2H])[2H] OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UGJMXCAKCUNAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gabapentin Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1(CN)CCCCC1 UGJMXCAKCUNAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEFNNWSXXWATRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ibuprofen Chemical compound CC(C)CC1=CC=C(C(C)C(O)=O)C=C1 HEFNNWSXXWATRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoflurane Chemical compound FC(F)OC(Cl)C(F)(F)F PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical group C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CMWTZPSULFXXJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naproxen Natural products C1=C(C(C)C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 CMWTZPSULFXXJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical group C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical group C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010036772 Proctalgia Diseases 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 206010043376 Tetanus Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- VIROVYVQCGLCII-UHFFFAOYSA-N amobarbital Chemical compound CC(C)CCC1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O VIROVYVQCGLCII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001949 anaesthesia Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000730 antalgic agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 208000006752 brain edema Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229960000590 celecoxib Drugs 0.000 description 4
- RZEKVGVHFLEQIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N celecoxib Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=NN1C1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 RZEKVGVHFLEQIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960004606 clomipramine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229960003920 cocaine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 4
- XYYVYLMBEZUESM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrocodeine Natural products C1C(N(CCC234)C)C2C=CC(=O)C3OC2=C4C1=CC=C2OC XYYVYLMBEZUESM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ADEBPBSSDYVVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N donepezil Chemical compound O=C1C=2C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=2CC1CC(CC1)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 ADEBPBSSDYVVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229960002866 duloxetine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960001419 fenoprofen Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002866 fluorescence resonance energy transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229960004801 imipramine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- BCGWQEUPMDMJNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N imipramine Chemical compound C1CC2=CC=CC=C2N(CCCN(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C21 BCGWQEUPMDMJNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indomethacin Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(O)=O)C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2N1C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229960002725 isoflurane Drugs 0.000 description 4
- DKYWVDODHFEZIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ketoprofen Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 DKYWVDODHFEZIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960000991 ketoprofen Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003589 local anesthetic agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001394 metastastic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 206010061289 metastatic neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229960003404 mexiletine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229960001785 mirtazapine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- RONZAEMNMFQXRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N mirtazapine Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CN=C2N2CCN(C)CC2C2=CC=CC=C21 RONZAEMNMFQXRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960002009 naproxen Drugs 0.000 description 4
- CMWTZPSULFXXJA-VIFPVBQESA-N naproxen Chemical compound C1=C([C@H](C)C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 CMWTZPSULFXXJA-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000003040 nociceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- WEXRUCMBJFQVBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentobarbital Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O WEXRUCMBJFQVBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000003497 sciatic nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNVNVHUZROJLTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N venlafaxine Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(CN(C)C)C1(O)CCCCC1 PNVNVHUZROJLTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- AHOUBRCZNHFOSL-YOEHRIQHSA-N (+)-Casbol Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1[C@H]1[C@H](COC=2C=C3OCOC3=CC=2)CNCC1 AHOUBRCZNHFOSL-YOEHRIQHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MGYYQTMVKDWCEY-UYAOXDASSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[2-fluoro-6-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC=1C=C(C=C(C=1N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F MGYYQTMVKDWCEY-UYAOXDASSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RUDQLGKCIHWLQY-TZIWHRDSSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound O1N=C(C=C1)NS(=O)(=O)N1C[C@H]2OCC(N([C@@H]2CC1)C1=C(C=C(C=C1)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F)OC)=O RUDQLGKCIHWLQY-TZIWHRDSSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HLTZYGSBNPVIGB-WIYYLYMNSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F HLTZYGSBNPVIGB-WIYYLYMNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QAKVANPRSFXANN-WIYYLYMNSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[5-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)F QAKVANPRSFXANN-WIYYLYMNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YPGVISJXRZVLSR-WIYYLYMNSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[5-fluoro-4-[4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)F)C(F)(F)F YPGVISJXRZVLSR-WIYYLYMNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BMPKQQGNTVQMHQ-FPOVZHCZSA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[2-cyano-5-fluoro-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical class C(#N)C=1C(=CC(=C(C=1)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F)F)N1[C@@H]2[C@@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1 BMPKQQGNTVQMHQ-FPOVZHCZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MGYYQTMVKDWCEY-ICSRJNTNSA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[2-fluoro-6-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical class O=C1N([C@H]2CCN(C[C@@H]2OC1)S(=O)(=O)NC=1C=CON=1)C1=C(C=C(C2=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C2)C=C1F)OC MGYYQTMVKDWCEY-ICSRJNTNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RUDQLGKCIHWLQY-FPOVZHCZSA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound O1N=C(C=C1)NS(=O)(=O)N1C[C@@H]2OCC(N([C@H]2CC1)C1=C(C=C(C=C1)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F)OC)=O RUDQLGKCIHWLQY-FPOVZHCZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CLRANRQVIWLROH-RXVVDRJESA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[4-[3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC(C=1C=C(C=CC=1)C1=C(C=C(C(=C1)OC)N1[C@@H]2[C@@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)F)F CLRANRQVIWLROH-RXVVDRJESA-N 0.000 description 3
- QQSSFYLKUHLBGQ-WMZOPIPTSA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-6-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyridin-3-yl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC=1C=C(C(=NC=1C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F)OC)N1[C@@H]2[C@@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1 QQSSFYLKUHLBGQ-WMZOPIPTSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CHWUFWAYVJAYOR-RXVVDRJESA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[5-fluoro-4-[2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical class FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@@H]2[C@@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)F CHWUFWAYVJAYOR-RXVVDRJESA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-HXUWFJFHSA-N (R)-citalopram Chemical compound C1([C@@]2(C3=CC=C(C=C3CO2)C#N)CCCN(C)C)=CC=C(F)C=C1 WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-HXUWFJFHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTHCYVBBDHJXIQ-MRXNPFEDSA-N (R)-fluoxetine Chemical compound O([C@H](CCNC)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 RTHCYVBBDHJXIQ-MRXNPFEDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CPKVUHPKYQGHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one;molecular iodine Chemical compound II.C=CN1CCCC1=O CPKVUHPKYQGHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000014461 Ataxins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010078286 Ataxins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 206010003840 Autonomic nervous system imbalance Diseases 0.000 description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 201000006474 Brain Ischemia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000026310 Breast neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010008025 Cerebellar ataxia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010016059 Facial pain Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 101000694017 Homo sapiens Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 208000035154 Hyperesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000007472 Leucaena leucocephala Species 0.000 description 3
- JAQUASYNZVUNQP-USXIJHARSA-N Levorphanol Chemical compound C1C2=CC=C(O)C=C2[C@]23CCN(C)[C@H]1[C@@H]2CCCC3 JAQUASYNZVUNQP-USXIJHARSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000001294 Nociceptive Pain Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000018737 Parkinson disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- AHOUBRCZNHFOSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Paroxetine hydrochloride Natural products C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C1C(COC=2C=C3OCOC3=CC=2)CNCC1 AHOUBRCZNHFOSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 206010037779 Radiculopathy Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229910006024 SO2Cl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N Tritium Chemical compound [3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000000539 amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000036592 analgesia Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940035676 analgesics Drugs 0.000 description 3
- ATALOFNDEOCMKK-OITMNORJSA-N aprepitant Chemical compound O([C@@H]([C@@H]1C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)O[C@H](C)C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)CCN1CC1=NNC(=O)N1 ATALOFNDEOCMKK-OITMNORJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005441 aurora Substances 0.000 description 3
- 201000004562 autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 125000002393 azetidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004069 aziridinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229940049706 benzodiazepine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229940064804 betadine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035606 childbirth Effects 0.000 description 3
- OROGSEYTTFOCAN-DNJOTXNNSA-N codeine Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@H](N(CC[C@@]112)C)C3)=C[C@H](O)[C@@H]1OC1=C2C3=CC=C1OC OROGSEYTTFOCAN-DNJOTXNNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000003195 fascia Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229960002464 fluoxetine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- OROGSEYTTFOCAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrocodone Natural products C1C(N(CCC234)C)C2C=CC(O)C3OC2=C4C1=CC=C2OC OROGSEYTTFOCAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 201000005706 hypokalemic periodic paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229960001680 ibuprofen Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000000099 in vitro assay Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005462 in vivo assay Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007912 intraperitoneal administration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229960003406 levorphanol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002502 liposome Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000028161 membrane depolarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 201000006938 muscular dystrophy Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009871 nonspecific binding Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000346 nonvolatile oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000414 obstructive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003883 ointment base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229960005489 paracetamol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229960002296 paroxetine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 210000002307 prostate Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002287 radioligand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229940125794 sodium channel blocker Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002889 sympathetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 3
- CTGRNOXFVQVEBY-TZMCWYRMSA-N tert-butyl (3R,4R)-4-(4-bromo-5-fluoro-2-methoxyanilino)-3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound BrC1=CC(=C(C=C1F)N[C@H]1[C@@H](CN(CC1)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)O)OC CTGRNOXFVQVEBY-TZMCWYRMSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YHMSZMMCYXLHQO-DENIHFKCSA-N tert-butyl (4aR,8aR)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-carboxylate Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F YHMSZMMCYXLHQO-DENIHFKCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000542 thalamic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000012049 topical pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960004688 venlafaxine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- GJJFMKBJSRMPLA-HIFRSBDPSA-N (1R,2S)-2-(aminomethyl)-N,N-diethyl-1-phenyl-1-cyclopropanecarboxamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[C@@]1(C(=O)N(CC)CC)C[C@@H]1CN GJJFMKBJSRMPLA-HIFRSBDPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YWPHCCPCQOJSGZ-LLVKDONJSA-N (2r)-2-[(2-ethoxyphenoxy)methyl]morpholine Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1OC[C@@H]1OCCNC1 YWPHCCPCQOJSGZ-LLVKDONJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CCIWVEMVBWEMCY-RCFOMQFPSA-N (2s)-1-[(3as,4s,7as)-4-hydroxy-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-7,7-diphenyl-1,3,3a,5,6,7a-hexahydroisoindol-2-yl]-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1[C@H](C)C(=O)N1C[C@H](C(CC[C@@]2(O)C=3C(=CC=CC=3)OC)(C=3C=CC=CC=3)C=3C=CC=CC=3)[C@H]2C1 CCIWVEMVBWEMCY-RCFOMQFPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQANPHBRHBJGNZ-FYJGNVAPSA-N (3e)-6-oxo-3-[[4-(pyridin-2-ylsulfamoyl)phenyl]hydrazinylidene]cyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(=O)C(C(=O)O)=C\C1=N\NC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NC=2N=CC=CC=2)C=C1 OQANPHBRHBJGNZ-FYJGNVAPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FELGMEQIXOGIFQ-CYBMUJFWSA-N (3r)-9-methyl-3-[(2-methylimidazol-1-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1h-carbazol-4-one Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1C[C@@H]1C(=O)C(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)N2C)=C2CC1 FELGMEQIXOGIFQ-CYBMUJFWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NVYIWLLGIXJQRE-UKRRQHHQSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-(4-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl)-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound BrC1=CC(=C(C=C1)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC NVYIWLLGIXJQRE-UKRRQHHQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HITXLUTUQDNCFV-OXQOHEQNSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydro-3H-1,6-naphthyridine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1C(CC[C@@H]2CN(CC[C@@H]12)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)=O)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F HITXLUTUQDNCFV-OXQOHEQNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HYEICUZBMLLEEX-YLJYHZDGSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[5-fluoro-4-[2-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=C(C(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F)F HYEICUZBMLLEEX-YLJYHZDGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HITXLUTUQDNCFV-UZLBHIALSA-N (4aR,8aS)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydro-3H-1,6-naphthyridine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1C(CC[C@@H]2CN(CC[C@H]12)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)=O)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F HITXLUTUQDNCFV-UZLBHIALSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MQSDRINIHZKMGK-RXVVDRJESA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)-5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound ClC=1C=C(C=CC=1)C1=C(C=C(C(=C1)OC)N1[C@@H]2[C@@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)F MQSDRINIHZKMGK-RXVVDRJESA-N 0.000 description 2
- HITXLUTUQDNCFV-JXFKEZNVSA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydro-3H-1,6-naphthyridine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1C(CC[C@H]2CN(CC[C@H]12)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)=O)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F HITXLUTUQDNCFV-JXFKEZNVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FICCRPXKPQBWLY-BEFAXECRSA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrido[4,3-d][1,3]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical class FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1C(OC[C@@H]2[C@@H]1CCN(C2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)=O)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F FICCRPXKPQBWLY-BEFAXECRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAKVANPRSFXANN-RXVVDRJESA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[5-fluoro-4-(3-fluorophenyl)-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@@H]2[C@@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)F QAKVANPRSFXANN-RXVVDRJESA-N 0.000 description 2
- HYEICUZBMLLEEX-PXNSSMCTSA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[5-fluoro-4-[2-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical class FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@@H]2[C@@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=C(C(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F)F HYEICUZBMLLEEX-PXNSSMCTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZJDBKCRCFPBVBE-RXVVDRJESA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[5-fluoro-4-[3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical class FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@@H]2[C@@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)F ZJDBKCRCFPBVBE-RXVVDRJESA-N 0.000 description 2
- YPGVISJXRZVLSR-RXVVDRJESA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[5-fluoro-4-[4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical class FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@@H]2[C@@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)F)C(F)(F)F YPGVISJXRZVLSR-RXVVDRJESA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWTSXDURSIMDCE-QMMMGPOBSA-N (S)-amphetamine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KWTSXDURSIMDCE-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide Substances CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFSBVAOIAHNAPC-XTHSEXKGSA-N 16-Ethyl-1alpha,6alpha,19beta-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)-aconitane-3alpha,8,10alpha,11,18alpha-pentol, 8-acetate 10-benzoate Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@]2(O)C[C@H]3[C@@]45C6[C@@H]([C@@]([C@H]31)(OC(C)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H]4[C@]([C@@H](C[C@@H]5OC)O)(COC)CN6CC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XFSBVAOIAHNAPC-XTHSEXKGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVUOLADPCWQTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-1,2-benzodiazepine Chemical compound N1N=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 SVUOLADPCWQTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSWMUPMIFOJNFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloro-2H-phenazin-1-one Chemical compound ClC=1C(C(C2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C2C=1)=O)Cl QSWMUPMIFOJNFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YFGHCGITMMYXAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(S(=O)CC(=O)N)C1=CC=CC=C1 YFGHCGITMMYXAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GNXFOGHNGIVQEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl carbamate Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1OCC(O)COC(N)=O GNXFOGHNGIVQEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IZHVBANLECCAGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3-(octadecanoyloxy)propyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IZHVBANLECCAGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKNTXKMWDCOWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-oxo-1-phenylmethoxycarbonylpiperidin-3-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)OC(=O)N1CC(C(CC1)=O)CCC(=O)O WKNTXKMWDCOWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethylamino)propyliminomethylidene-ethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OOSOGNGXXGKLCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-(4-bromo-5-fluoro-2-methoxyanilino)-1-phenylmethoxycarbonylpiperidin-3-yl]propanoic acid Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)OC(=O)N1CC(C(CC1)NC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)F)Br)OC)CCC(=O)O OOSOGNGXXGKLCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DWOZNANUEDYIOF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 4-ditert-butylphosphanyl-n,n-dimethylaniline;dichloropalladium Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl.CN(C)C1=CC=C(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1.CN(C)C1=CC=C(P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C=C1 DWOZNANUEDYIOF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- USSIQXCVUWKGNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CC(C)N(C)C)(C(=O)CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 USSIQXCVUWKGNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFSBVAOIAHNAPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aconitin Natural products CCN1CC(C(CC2OC)O)(COC)C3C(OC)C(C(C45)(OC(C)=O)C(O)C6OC)C1C32C4CC6(O)C5OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XFSBVAOIAHNAPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 201000004384 Alopecia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010002383 Angina Pectoris Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000023275 Autoimmune disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010006187 Breast cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010068065 Burning mouth syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000700198 Cavia Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010008111 Cerebral haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010008120 Cerebral ischaemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000031976 Channelopathies Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010008748 Chorea Diseases 0.000 description 2
- GJSURZIOUXUGAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Clonidine Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1NC1=NCCN1 GJSURZIOUXUGAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000699802 Cricetulus griseus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002785 Croscarmellose sodium Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010011953 Decreased activity Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IKYCZSUNGFRBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Euphorbia factor RL9 = U(1) = Resiniferatoxin Natural products COC1=CC(O)=CC(CC(=O)OCC=2CC3(O)C(=O)C(C)=CC3C34C(C)CC5(OC(O4)(CC=4C=CC=CC=4)OC5C3C=2)C(C)=C)=C1 IKYCZSUNGFRBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Galacturonsaeure Natural products O=CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000018522 Gastrointestinal disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000004311 Gilles de la Tourette syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000010412 Glaucoma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- JMBQKKAJIKAWKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutethimide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1(CC)CCC(=O)NC1=O JMBQKKAJIKAWKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- INJOMKTZOLKMBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanfacine Chemical compound NC(=N)NC(=O)CC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl INJOMKTZOLKMBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000010496 Heart Arrest Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010019280 Heart failures Diseases 0.000 description 2
- GVGLGOZIDCSQPN-PVHGPHFFSA-N Heroin Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](C=C[C@H]23)OC(C)=O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4OC(C)=O GVGLGOZIDCSQPN-PVHGPHFFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Histamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CN=CN1 NTYJJOPFIAHURM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000007599 Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000001431 Hyperuricemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010021639 Incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 2
- UETNIIAIRMUTSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Jacareubin Natural products CC1(C)OC2=CC3Oc4c(O)c(O)ccc4C(=O)C3C(=C2C=C1)O UETNIIAIRMUTSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000006264 Korsakoff syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 2
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-histidine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010000817 Leuprolide Proteins 0.000 description 2
- DBGIVFWFUFKIQN-SECBINFHSA-N Levofenfluramine Chemical compound CCN[C@H](C)CC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 DBGIVFWFUFKIQN-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004907 Macro-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010026749 Mania Diseases 0.000 description 2
- SBDNJUWAMKYJOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Meclofenamic Acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(Cl)C(NC=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=C1Cl SBDNJUWAMKYJOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZRVUJXDFFKFLMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Meloxicam Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)N(C)C=1C(=O)NC1=NC=C(C)S1 ZRVUJXDFFKFLMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NPPQSCRMBWNHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Meprobamate Chemical compound NC(=O)OCC(C)(CCC)COC(N)=O NPPQSCRMBWNHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000016193 Metabotropic glutamate receptors Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010010914 Metabotropic glutamate receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- JEYCTXHKTXCGPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methaqualone Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1N1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N=C1C JEYCTXHKTXCGPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NZXKDOXHBHYTKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Metohexital Chemical compound CCC#CC(C)C1(CC=C)C(=O)NC(=O)N(C)C1=O NZXKDOXHBHYTKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UEQUQVLFIPOEMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Mianserin Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2N2CCN(C)CC2C2=CC=CC=C21 UEQUQVLFIPOEMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000001089 Multiple system atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000008238 Muscle Spasticity Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102100030176 Muscular LMNA-interacting protein Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 208000021642 Muscular disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000009623 Myopathy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010068871 Myotonic dystrophy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIAFMBKCNZACKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-benzoylglycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QIAFMBKCNZACKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BLXXJMDCKKHMKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nabumetone Chemical compound C1=C(CCC(C)=O)C=CC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 BLXXJMDCKKHMKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WJBLNOPPDWQMCH-MBPVOVBZSA-N Nalmefene Chemical compound N1([C@@H]2CC3=CC=C(C=4O[C@@H]5[C@](C3=4)([C@]2(CCC5=C)O)CC1)O)CC1CC1 WJBLNOPPDWQMCH-MBPVOVBZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010029333 Neurosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010062501 Non-cardiac chest pain Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- PHVGLTMQBUFIQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nortryptiline Chemical compound C1CC2=CC=CC=C2C(=CCCNC)C2=CC=CC=C21 PHVGLTMQBUFIQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BRUQQQPBMZOVGD-XFKAJCMBSA-N Oxycodone Chemical compound O=C([C@@H]1O2)CC[C@@]3(O)[C@H]4CC5=CC=C(OC)C2=C5[C@@]13CCN4C BRUQQQPBMZOVGD-XFKAJCMBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQCNKQCJZOAFTQ-ISWURRPUSA-N Oxymorphone Chemical compound O([C@H]1C(CC[C@]23O)=O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4O UQCNKQCJZOAFTQ-ISWURRPUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 206010033892 Paraplegia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CXOFVDLJLONNDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenytoin Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C1(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 CXOFVDLJLONNDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 206010036774 Proctitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- QPCVHQBVMYCJOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propiverine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(OCCC)C(=O)OC1CCN(C)CC1 QPCVHQBVMYCJOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010060862 Prostate cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000000236 Prostatic Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010063837 Reperfusion injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000007527 Retinal artery occlusion Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010040880 Skin irritation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100027198 Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 208000032930 Spastic paraplegia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- DRHKJLXJIQTDTD-OAHLLOKOSA-N Tamsulosine Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1OCCN[C@H](C)CC1=CC=C(OC)C(S(N)(=O)=O)=C1 DRHKJLXJIQTDTD-OAHLLOKOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJADKKWYZYXHBB-XBWDGYHZSA-N Topiramic acid Chemical compound C1O[C@@]2(COS(N)(=O)=O)OC(C)(C)O[C@H]2[C@@H]2OC(C)(C)O[C@@H]21 KJADKKWYZYXHBB-XBWDGYHZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000000323 Tourette Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000016620 Tourette disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 206010052779 Transplant rejections Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000030886 Traumatic Brain injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- FVECELJHCSPHKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Veratridine Natural products C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)OC1C2(O)OC34CC5(O)C(CN6C(CCC(C)C6)C6(C)O)C6(O)C(O)CC5(O)C4CCC2C3(C)CC1 FVECELJHCSPHKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 201000008485 Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000028311 absence seizure Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940039750 aconitine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- STDXGNLCJACLFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N aconitine Natural products CCN1CC2(COC)C(O)CC(O)C34C5CC6(O)C(OC)C(O)C(OC(=O)C)(C5C6OC(=O)c7ccccc7)C(C(OC)C23)C14 STDXGNLCJACLFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N adamantane Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012382 advanced drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010053552 allodynia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 231100000360 alopecia Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 125000000266 alpha-aminoacyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000001668 ameliorated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229960000836 amitriptyline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KRMDCWKBEZIMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N amitriptyline Chemical compound C1CC2=CC=CC=C2C(=CCCN(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C21 KRMDCWKBEZIMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001301 amobarbital Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940025084 amphetamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 208000022531 anorexia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001961 anticonvulsive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000935 antidepressant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940005513 antidepressants Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000739 antihistaminic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002249 anxiolytic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000949 anxiolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940005530 anxiolytics Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960001372 aprepitant Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003121 arginine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VHGCDTVCOLNTBX-QGZVFWFLSA-N atomoxetine Chemical compound O([C@H](CCNC)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1C VHGCDTVCOLNTBX-QGZVFWFLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002430 atomoxetine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000002567 autonomic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960000686 benzalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960001950 benzethonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- UREZNYTWGJKWBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzethonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OCCOCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UREZNYTWGJKWBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000003310 benzodiazepinyl group Chemical class N1N=C(C=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- SZTZKELXXZBZBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl 3-(3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)-4-oxopiperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C(C)OC(CCC1CN(CCC1=O)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1)=O SZTZKELXXZBZBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UCMIRNVEIXFBKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-alanine Chemical compound NCCC(O)=O UCMIRNVEIXFBKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002618 bicyclic heterocycle group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- HUTDDBSSHVOYJR-UHFFFAOYSA-H bis[(2-oxo-1,3,2$l^{5},4$l^{2}-dioxaphosphaplumbetan-2-yl)oxy]lead Chemical compound [Pb+2].[Pb+2].[Pb+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O HUTDDBSSHVOYJR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- ZADPBFCGQRWHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N boronic acid Chemical compound OBO ZADPBFCGQRWHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical compound BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RMRJXGBAOAMLHD-IHFGGWKQSA-N buprenorphine Chemical compound C([C@]12[C@H]3OC=4C(O)=CC=C(C2=4)C[C@@H]2[C@]11CC[C@]3([C@H](C1)[C@](C)(O)C(C)(C)C)OC)CN2CC1CC1 RMRJXGBAOAMLHD-IHFGGWKQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001736 buprenorphine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SNPPWIUOZRMYNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bupropion Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(C)C(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 SNPPWIUOZRMYNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YKPUWZUDDOIDPM-SOFGYWHQSA-N capsaicin Chemical compound COC1=CC(CNC(=O)CCCC\C=C\C(C)C)=CC=C1O YKPUWZUDDOIDPM-SOFGYWHQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001589 carboacyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229960004587 carisoprodol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- OFZCIYFFPZCNJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carisoprodol Chemical compound NC(=O)OCC(C)(CCC)COC(=O)NC(C)C OFZCIYFFPZCNJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010008118 cerebral infarction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZFWDZFKRBELIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorzoxazone Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C2OC(O)=NC2=C1 TZFWDZFKRBELIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003633 chlorzoxazone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000002849 chondrocalcinosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000012601 choreatic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229960001653 citalopram Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960002896 clonidine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009137 competitive binding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229950007605 dapitant Drugs 0.000 description 2
- USRHYDPUVLEVMC-FQEVSTJZSA-N dapoxetine Chemical compound C1([C@H](CCOC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)N(C)C)=CC=CC=C1 USRHYDPUVLEVMC-FQEVSTJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960005217 dapoxetine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HXGBXQDTNZMWGS-RUZDIDTESA-N darifenacin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C([C@H]1CN(CCC=2C=C3CCOC3=CC=2)CC1)(C(=O)N)C1=CC=CC=C1 HXGBXQDTNZMWGS-RUZDIDTESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002677 darifenacin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010061428 decreased appetite Diseases 0.000 description 2
- WAZQAZKAZLXFMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N deracoxib Chemical compound C1=C(F)C(OC)=CC=C1C1=CC(C(F)F)=NN1C1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 WAZQAZKAZLXFMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003314 deracoxib Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960003957 dexamethasone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- UREBDLICKHMUKA-CXSFZGCWSA-N dexamethasone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]2(C)[C@]2(F)[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C[C@@H](C)[C@@](C(=O)CO)(O)[C@@]1(C)C[C@@H]2O UREBDLICKHMUKA-CXSFZGCWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002069 diamorphine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960001259 diclofenac Drugs 0.000 description 2
- DCOPUUMXTXDBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diclofenac Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl DCOPUUMXTXDBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HUPFGZXOMWLGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diflunisal Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(C=2C(=CC(F)=CC=2)F)=C1 HUPFGZXOMWLGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000616 diflunisal Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 208000010643 digestive system disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- RBOXVHNMENFORY-DNJOTXNNSA-N dihydrocodeine Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@H](N(CC[C@@]112)C)C3)C[C@H](O)[C@@H]1OC1=C2C3=CC=C1OC RBOXVHNMENFORY-DNJOTXNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000920 dihydrocodeine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000005050 dihydrooxazolyl group Chemical group O1C(NC=C1)* 0.000 description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 2
- SACNIGZYDTUHKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ditert-butyl-[2-[2,4,6-tri(propan-2-yl)phenyl]phenyl]phosphane Chemical group CC(C)C1=CC(C(C)C)=CC(C(C)C)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C SACNIGZYDTUHKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003530 donepezil Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dopamine Chemical compound NCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 VYFYYTLLBUKUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RUZYUOTYCVRMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N doxazosin Chemical compound C1OC2=CC=CC=C2OC1C(=O)N(CC1)CCN1C1=NC(N)=C(C=C(C(OC)=C2)OC)C2=N1 RUZYUOTYCVRMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001389 doxazosin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001647 drug administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000002296 eclampsia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007831 electrophysiology Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002001 electrophysiology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000004403 episodic ataxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-FQEVSTJZSA-N escitalopram Chemical compound C1([C@]2(C3=CC=C(C=C3CO2)C#N)CCCN(C)C)=CC=C(F)C=C1 WSEQXVZVJXJVFP-FQEVSTJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004341 escitalopram Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960005293 etodolac Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XFBVBWWRPKNWHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N etodolac Chemical compound C1COC(CC)(CC(O)=O)C2=N[C]3C(CC)=CC=CC3=C21 XFBVBWWRPKNWHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004945 etoricoxib Drugs 0.000 description 2
- MNJVRJDLRVPLFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N etoricoxib Chemical compound C1=NC(C)=CC=C1C1=NC=C(Cl)C=C1C1=CC=C(S(C)(=O)=O)C=C1 MNJVRJDLRVPLFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000021824 exploration behavior Effects 0.000 description 2
- OJSFTALXCYKKFQ-YLJYHZDGSA-N femoxetine Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCN(C)C1 OJSFTALXCYKKFQ-YLJYHZDGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229950003930 femoxetine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960001395 fenbufen Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ZPAKPRAICRBAOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenbufen Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)CCC(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZPAKPRAICRBAOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002428 fentanyl Drugs 0.000 description 2
- IVLVTNPOHDFFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fentanyl citrate Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1N(C(=O)CC)C(CC1)CCN1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 IVLVTNPOHDFFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- SYTBZMRGLBWNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N flurbiprofen Chemical compound FC1=CC(C(C(O)=O)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 SYTBZMRGLBWNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002870 gabapentin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound NCCCC(O)=O BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000018685 gastrointestinal system disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000003861 general physiology Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960001031 glucose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960002989 glutamic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960002972 glutethimide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002048 guanfacine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000014612 hereditary episodic ataxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037584 hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N histidine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000003906 hydrocephalus Diseases 0.000 description 2
- LLPOLZWFYMWNKH-CMKMFDCUSA-N hydrocodone Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@H](N(CC[C@@]112)C)C3)CC(=O)[C@@H]1OC1=C2C3=CC=C1OC LLPOLZWFYMWNKH-CMKMFDCUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000240 hydrocodone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WVLOADHCBXTIJK-YNHQPCIGSA-N hydromorphone Chemical compound O([C@H]1C(CC[C@H]23)=O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4O WVLOADHCBXTIJK-YNHQPCIGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001410 hydromorphone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000002102 hyperpolarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000396 hypokalemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003453 indazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- 229960000905 indomethacin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- OEXHQOGQTVQTAT-JRNQLAHRSA-N ipratropium Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@H]2CC[C@@H](C1)[N@@+]2(C)C(C)C)C(=O)C(CO)C1=CC=CC=C1 OEXHQOGQTVQTAT-JRNQLAHRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001888 ipratropium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960004752 ketorolac Drugs 0.000 description 2
- OZWKMVRBQXNZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ketorolac Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCN2C1=CC=C2C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OZWKMVRBQXNZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001848 lamotrigine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- PYZRQGJRPPTADH-UHFFFAOYSA-N lamotrigine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NN=C1C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl PYZRQGJRPPTADH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229950005286 lanepitant Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 2
- RGLRXNKKBLIBQS-XNHQSDQCSA-N leuprolide acetate Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCNC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RGLRXNKKBLIBQS-XNHQSDQCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005567 liquid scintillation counting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960002813 lofepramine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SAPNXPWPAUFAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lofepramine Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2CCC2=CC=CC=C2N1CCCN(C)CC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 SAPNXPWPAUFAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960000994 lumiracoxib Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KHPKQFYUPIUARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lumiracoxib Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC(C)=CC=C1NC1=C(F)C=CC=C1Cl KHPKQFYUPIUARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000002780 macular degeneration Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960004090 maprotiline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QSLMDECMDJKHMQ-GSXCWMCISA-N maprotiline Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2[C@@]2(CCCNC)C3=CC=CC=C3[C@@H]1CC2 QSLMDECMDJKHMQ-GSXCWMCISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003803 meclofenamic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HYYBABOKPJLUIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N mefenamic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(NC=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=C1C HYYBABOKPJLUIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003464 mefenamic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960001929 meloxicam Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 206010027175 memory impairment Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ALARQZQTBTVLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N mephobarbital Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)N(C)C1=O ALARQZQTBTVLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004815 meprobamate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QSJNAFJALFWFMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N meridine Chemical compound N1C=CC(=O)C2=C1C(=O)C1=NC=CC3=C(C=CC=C4)C4=NC2=C13 QSJNAFJALFWFMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001797 methadone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960002803 methaqualone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960002330 methocarbamol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960002683 methohexital Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960001703 methylphenobarbital Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960003955 mianserin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960000600 milnacipran Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960001165 modafinil Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960005181 morphine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 206010028417 myasthenia gravis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000010125 myocardial infarction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- CVXJAPZTZWLRBP-MUUNZHRXSA-N n-[(2r)-1-[acetyl-[(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]amino]-3-(1h-indol-3-yl)propan-2-yl]-2-(4-piperidin-1-ylpiperidin-1-yl)acetamide Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1CN(C(C)=O)C[C@H](NC(=O)CN1CCC(CC1)N1CCCCC1)CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12 CVXJAPZTZWLRBP-MUUNZHRXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004270 nabumetone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NETZHAKZCGBWSS-CEDHKZHLSA-N nalbuphine Chemical compound C([C@]12[C@H]3OC=4C(O)=CC=C(C2=4)C[C@@H]2[C@]1(O)CC[C@@H]3O)CN2CC1CCC1 NETZHAKZCGBWSS-CEDHKZHLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000805 nalbuphine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960005297 nalmefene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- DQCKKXVULJGBQN-XFWGSAIBSA-N naltrexone Chemical compound N1([C@@H]2CC3=CC=C(C=4O[C@@H]5[C@](C3=4)([C@]2(CCC5=O)O)CC1)O)CC1CC1 DQCKKXVULJGBQN-XFWGSAIBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003086 naltrexone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960001800 nefazodone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VRBKIVRKKCLPHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nefazodone Chemical compound O=C1N(CCOC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(CC)=NN1CCCN(CC1)CCN1C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 VRBKIVRKKCLPHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003176 neuroleptic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000701 neuroleptic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002232 neuromuscular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000015238 neurotic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229960000965 nimesulide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HYWYRSMBCFDLJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nimesulide Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 HYWYRSMBCFDLJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLWSRGHNJVLJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitroflurbiprofen Chemical compound FC1=CC(C(C(=O)OCCCCO[N+]([O-])=O)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 DLWSRGHNJVLJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 229960001073 nomifensine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XXPANQJNYNUNES-UHFFFAOYSA-N nomifensine Chemical compound C12=CC=CC(N)=C2CN(C)CC1C1=CC=CC=C1 XXPANQJNYNUNES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940021182 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002767 noradrenalin uptake inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMRZSTCPUPJPOJ-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornane Chemical compound C1C[C@H]2CC[C@@H]1C2 UMRZSTCPUPJPOJ-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPHGSKGZRAQSGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N norcarane Chemical compound C1CCCC2CC21 WPHGSKGZRAQSGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WIQRCHMSJFFONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N norfluoxetine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CCN)OC1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 WIQRCHMSJFFONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001158 nortriptyline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000031237 olivopontocerebellar atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- QQBDLJCYGRGAKP-FOCLMDBBSA-N olsalazine Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(\N=N\C=2C=C(C(O)=CC=2)C(O)=O)=C1 QQBDLJCYGRGAKP-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004110 olsalazine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960005343 ondansetron Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940127240 opiate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FDXQKWSTUZCCTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxaprotiline Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2(CC(O)CNC)C3=CC=CC=C3C1CC2 FDXQKWSTUZCCTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229960002085 oxycodone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960005118 oxymorphone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000037324 pain perception Effects 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004662 parecoxib Drugs 0.000 description 2
- TZRHLKRLEZJVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N parecoxib Chemical compound C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)CC)=CC=C1C1=C(C)ON=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 TZRHLKRLEZJVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004963 pathophysiological condition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AQIXEPGDORPWBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)CC AQIXEPGDORPWBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VOKSWYLNZZRQPF-GDIGMMSISA-N pentazocine Chemical compound C1C2=CC=C(O)C=C2[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](C)[C@@H]1N(CC=C(C)C)CC2 VOKSWYLNZZRQPF-GDIGMMSISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960005301 pentazocine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960001412 pentobarbital Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DDBREPKUVSBGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenobarbital Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O DDBREPKUVSBGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002695 phenobarbital Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229960002895 phenylbutazone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbutazonum Chemical compound O=C1C(CCCC)C(=O)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002036 phenytoin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XOKSLPVRUOBDEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pinane Chemical compound CC1CCC2C(C)(C)C1C2 XOKSLPVRUOBDEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229960002702 piroxicam Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QYSPLQLAKJAUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N piroxicam Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)N(C)C=1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=N1 QYSPLQLAKJAUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036470 plasma concentration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001184 polypeptide Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AYXYPKUFHZROOJ-ZETCQYMHSA-N pregabalin Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](CN)CC(O)=O AYXYPKUFHZROOJ-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001233 pregabalin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000002212 progressive supranuclear palsy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960003510 propiverine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylparaben Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000159 protein binding assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011552 rat model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000018 receptor agonist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940044601 receptor agonist Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- DSDNAKHZNJAGHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N resinferatoxin Natural products C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(CC(=O)OCC=2CC3(O)C(=O)C(C)=CC3C34C(C)CC5(OC(O4)(CC=4C=CC=CC=4)OC5C3C=2)C(C)=C)=C1 DSDNAKHZNJAGHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DSDNAKHZNJAGHN-MXTYGGKSSA-N resiniferatoxin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(CC(=O)OCC=2C[C@]3(O)C(=O)C(C)=C[C@H]3[C@@]34[C@H](C)C[C@@]5(O[C@@](O4)(CC=4C=CC=CC=4)O[C@@H]5[C@@H]3C=2)C(C)=C)=C1 DSDNAKHZNJAGHN-MXTYGGKSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940073454 resiniferatoxin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 208000037803 restenosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004366 reverse phase liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960000371 rofecoxib Drugs 0.000 description 2
- RZJQGNCSTQAWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N rofecoxib Chemical compound C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)C)=CC=C1C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)OC1 RZJQGNCSTQAWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sarcosine Chemical compound C[NH2+]CC([O-])=O FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000012672 seasonal affective disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229960002060 secobarbital Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KQPKPCNLIDLUMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N secobarbital Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1(CC=C)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O KQPKPCNLIDLUMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940125723 sedative agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000020341 sensory perception of pain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003369 serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002073 sertraline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VGKDLMBJGBXTGI-SJCJKPOMSA-N sertraline Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2CC[C@@H](C3=CC=CC=C32)NC)=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 VGKDLMBJGBXTGI-SJCJKPOMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000007056 sickle cell anemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000036556 skin irritation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000475 skin irritation Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bicarbonate Substances [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AEQFSUDEHCCHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium valproate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC(C([O-])=O)CCC AEQFSUDEHCCHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FBOUYBDGKBSUES-VXKWHMMOSA-N solifenacin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2C3=CC=CC=C3CCN2C(O[C@@H]2C3CCN(CC3)C2)=O)=CC=CC=C1 FBOUYBDGKBSUES-VXKWHMMOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003855 solifenacin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000018198 spasticity Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229960001940 sulfasalazine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NCEXYHBECQHGNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfasalazine Natural products C1=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(N=NC=2C=CC(=CC=2)S(=O)(=O)NC=2N=CC=CC=2)=C1 NCEXYHBECQHGNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000894 sulindac Drugs 0.000 description 2
- MLKXDPUZXIRXEP-MFOYZWKCSA-N sulindac Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(O)=O)C2=CC(F)=CC=C2\C1=C/C1=CC=C(S(C)=O)C=C1 MLKXDPUZXIRXEP-MFOYZWKCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 201000000596 systemic lupus erythematosus Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229960002613 tamsulosin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butoxycarbonyl anhydride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC(=O)OC(C)(C)C DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SAMDRKZNRHIQML-TZIWHRDSSA-N tert-butyl (4aR,8aR)-1-[2-chloro-5-fluoro-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-carboxylate Chemical compound ClC=1C(=CC(=C(C=1)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F)F)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SAMDRKZNRHIQML-TZIWHRDSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GKCBAIGFKIBETG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracaine Chemical compound CCCCNC1=CC=C(C(=O)OCCN(C)C)C=C1 GKCBAIGFKIBETG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002372 tetracaine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- YAPQBXQYLJRXSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N theobromine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C YAPQBXQYLJRXSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004149 thio group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 2
- 230000000451 tissue damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000827 tissue damage Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229960001017 tolmetin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- UPSPUYADGBWSHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolmetin Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(CC(O)=O)N1C UPSPUYADGBWSHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OOGJQPCLVADCPB-HXUWFJFHSA-N tolterodine Chemical compound C1([C@@H](CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C)C=2C(=CC=C(C)C=2)O)=CC=CC=C1 OOGJQPCLVADCPB-HXUWFJFHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004045 tolterodine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960004394 topiramate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LLPOLZWFYMWNKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-dihydrocodeinone Natural products C1C(N(CCC234)C)C2CCC(=O)C3OC2=C4C1=CC=C2OC LLPOLZWFYMWNKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009529 traumatic brain injury Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000472 traumatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[SiH](C)C PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229960002004 valdecoxib Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LNPDTQAFDNKSHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N valdecoxib Chemical compound CC=1ON=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1C1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 LNPDTQAFDNKSHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDIAUFOIMFAIPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N valepotriate Natural products CC(C)CC(=O)OC1C=C(C(=COC2OC(=O)CC(C)C)COC(C)=O)C2C11CO1 BDIAUFOIMFAIPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940102566 valproate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- FVECELJHCSPHKY-JLSHOZRYSA-N veratridine Chemical compound C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)O[C@@H]1[C@@]2(O)O[C@]34C[C@@]5(O)[C@H](CN6[C@@H](CC[C@H](C)C6)[C@@]6(C)O)[C@]6(O)[C@@H](O)C[C@@]5(O)[C@@H]4CC[C@H]2[C@]3(C)CC1 FVECELJHCSPHKY-JLSHOZRYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001255 viloxazine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGNSCSPNOLGXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-DABA Natural products NCCC(N)C(O)=O OGNSCSPNOLGXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTJADDMMFYXMMG-LJQANCHMSA-N (1r)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-[3-(methylamino)propyl]-3h-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile Chemical compound C1([C@@]2(C3=CC=C(C=C3CO2)C#N)CCCNC)=CC=C(F)C=C1 PTJADDMMFYXMMG-LJQANCHMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JNYWVERKQKRXSL-PHDIDXHHSA-N (1r,4r)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane Chemical compound C1C[C@]2([H])CN[C@@]1([H])CO2 JNYWVERKQKRXSL-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJQNJRRDTPULTL-KNVOCYPGSA-N (1r,5s)-3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane Chemical compound C1[C@@]2([H])CC[C@]1([H])CNC2 CJQNJRRDTPULTL-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBQGYUDMJHNJBX-OALUTQOASA-N (2S)-2-[(S)-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)-phenylmethyl]morpholine Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1O[C@@H](C=1C=CC=CC=1)[C@H]1OCCNC1 CBQGYUDMJHNJBX-OALUTQOASA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTQVODZUQIATFS-WAUHAFJUSA-N (2s)-2-[[(2s)-6-amino-2-[[2-[[(2s,3s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(O)=O NTQVODZUQIATFS-WAUHAFJUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPDBDJFLKKQMCM-SCSAIBSYSA-N (2s)-2-amino-3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[C@H](N)C(O)=O NPDBDJFLKKQMCM-SCSAIBSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXISAPBCOZRTDN-VIFPVBQESA-N (2s)-2-amino-3-(4-formylphenyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 KXISAPBCOZRTDN-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEVRNHHLCPGNDU-MUGJNUQGSA-N (2s)-2-amino-5-[1-[(5s)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]-3,5-bis[(3s)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]pyridin-1-ium-4-yl]pentanoate Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCC[N+]1=CC(CC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=C(CCC[C@H](N)C([O-])=O)C(CC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=C1 VEVRNHHLCPGNDU-MUGJNUQGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJRDOKAZOAKLDU-UDXJMMFXSA-N (2s,3s,4r,5r,6r)-5-amino-2-(aminomethyl)-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-[(1r,2r,3s,5r,6s)-3,5-diamino-2-[(2s,3r,4r,5s,6r)-3-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4-diol;sulfuric ac Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.N[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CN)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](N)C[C@@H](N)[C@@H]2O)O[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)N)O[C@@H]1CO LJRDOKAZOAKLDU-UDXJMMFXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SDEAGACSNFSZCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-chlorophenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 SDEAGACSNFSZCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNXQDJCZSVHEIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-fluorophenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1 KNXQDJCZSVHEIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYUPFEBCCJWDJX-RFZPGFLSSA-N (3R)-3-methyl-D-ornithine Chemical compound NCC[C@@H](C)[C@@H](N)C(O)=O HYUPFEBCCJWDJX-RFZPGFLSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMFLYJDKEIQOOI-TZMCWYRMSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-(4-bromo-2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical class BrC1=CC(=C(C(=C1)OC)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)F FMFLYJDKEIQOOI-TZMCWYRMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LITQKTATFCIONZ-ZWNOBZJWSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-(4-bromo-5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazin-2-one Chemical compound BrC1=CC(=C(C=C1F)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CNCC2)OC LITQKTATFCIONZ-ZWNOBZJWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXPWTXZHNCGMAK-ZYHUDNBSSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-(6-bromo-5-fluoro-2-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound BrC1=C(C=C(C(=N1)OC)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)F FXPWTXZHNCGMAK-ZYHUDNBSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTUZNRGJVMQBER-WIYYLYMNSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[4-(3-bromophenyl)-5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound BrC=1C=C(C=CC=1)C1=C(C=C(C(=C1)OC)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)F OTUZNRGJVMQBER-WIYYLYMNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXHDUUWMSHLIFT-WIYYLYMNSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F XXHDUUWMSHLIFT-WIYYLYMNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCCYLMJPMCEWTL-OGPPPPIKSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydropyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.COc1cc(c(F)cc1N1CCO[C@@H]2CNCC[C@@H]12)-c1cccc(c1)C(F)(F)F MCCYLMJPMCEWTL-OGPPPPIKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDMXSSMJCDNWRT-VQIMIIECSA-N (4aR,8aR)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydropyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazin-2-one Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CNCC2)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F HDMXSSMJCDNWRT-VQIMIIECSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXHDUUWMSHLIFT-RXVVDRJESA-N (4aS,8aS)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]phenyl]-N-(1,2-oxazol-3-yl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-sulfonamide Chemical class FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@@H]2[C@@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)S(=O)(=O)NC1=NOC=C1)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F XXHDUUWMSHLIFT-RXVVDRJESA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDXQLWNPGRANTO-GOSISDBHSA-N (9r)-7-[[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl]-9-methyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-8,9,10,11-tetrahydro-[1,4]diazocino[2,1-g][1,7]naphthyridine-6,13-dione Chemical compound C([C@H](CN(CC=1C=C(C=C(C=1)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)C1=O)C)CN(C(C2=NC=CC=C22)=O)C1=C2C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 LDXQLWNPGRANTO-GOSISDBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003088 (fluoren-9-ylmethoxy)carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UKAUYVFTDYCKQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N -2-Amino-4-hydroxybutanoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCO UKAUYVFTDYCKQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWKMGYQJPOAASG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CNC(C(=O)O)CC2=C1 BWKMGYQJPOAASG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004607 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl group Chemical group N1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005871 1,3-benzodioxolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005877 1,4-benzodioxanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YHIIJNLSGULWAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-thiazinane 1-oxide Chemical compound O=S1CCNCC1 YHIIJNLSGULWAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQTSQRRYKNTXIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-[4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-methoxybenzene Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C=C1)OC)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)F)C(F)(F)F MQTSQRRYKNTXIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSURJEVDDOZQPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-5-iodo-4-methoxy-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound COc1cc(c(F)cc1I)-c1cccc(c1)C(F)(F)F VSURJEVDDOZQPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLKNPIVTWNMMMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-imidazol-1-ylsulfonylimidazole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1S(=O)(=O)N1C=CN=C1 ZLKNPIVTWNMMMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004793 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy group Chemical group FC(CO*)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- 125000003821 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si](C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C(OC([H])([H])[*])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XKSAJZSJKURQRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxy-5-(4-fluorophenyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(OC(=O)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 XKSAJZSJKURQRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose Chemical compound N[C@H]1C(O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPEJAHMNOVMSOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane Chemical compound C1CCC21CNC2 QPEJAHMNOVMSOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPCKHVPPRJWQRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzhydryloxy-n,n-dimethylethanamine;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCCN(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 SPCKHVPPRJWQRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYJSFBRQLSSFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-5-fluoro-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]aniline Chemical compound ClC=1C(=CC(=C(C=1)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F)F)N SYJSFBRQLSSFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001731 2-cyanoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C#N 0.000 description 1
- BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCO BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940013085 2-diethylaminoethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWBPWBPGNQWFSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylaniline Chemical group NC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 TWBPWBPGNQWFSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGADZUXDNSDTHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2H-pyran Chemical compound C1OC=CC=C1 MGADZUXDNSDTHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPSJGADGUYYRKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2H-pyran-2-one Chemical compound O=C1C=CC=CO1 ZPSJGADGUYYRKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPIXQGUBUKFLRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-chloro-5,6-dihydrobenzo[b][1]benzazepin-11-yl)-N-methyl-1-propanamine Chemical compound C1CC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2N(CCCNC)C2=CC=CC=C21 VPIXQGUBUKFLRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004080 3-carboxypropanoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(O[H])=O 0.000 description 1
- BXRLWGXPSRYJDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-cyanoalanine Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)CC#N BXRLWGXPSRYJDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVQIKJMSUIMUDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-pyrroline Chemical compound C1NCC=C1 JVQIKJMSUIMUDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDSQTWDUCDSZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1h-indazole Chemical compound C1CCCC2=C1C=NN2 GDSQTWDUCDSZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQWYWIXRAJDEKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-2-fluoro-6-methoxyaniline Chemical compound COC1=CC(Br)=CC(F)=C1N CQWYWIXRAJDEKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRFYIYOXJWKONR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-2-methoxyaniline Chemical compound COC1=CC(Br)=CC=C1N WRFYIYOXJWKONR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethylmorpholine Chemical compound CCN1CCOCC1 HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 description 1
- QNRPMACQNOMCEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-1h-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazin-2-one Chemical compound C1NCCC2NC(=O)COC21 QNRPMACQNOMCEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004606 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC=2CCCCC12)* 0.000 description 1
- VHPXWPAGHGHDCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-4-[(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)methyl]-2-fluoro-n-methylsulfonylbenzamide Chemical compound C1=C(F)C(C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C)=CC(Cl)=C1COC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 VHPXWPAGHGHDCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000040125 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor family Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091032151 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor family Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RKZFPOGMBZTJKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7,8-diazatricyclo[4.3.0.02,4]nona-1(6),8-diene Chemical compound N1N=CC2=C1CC1CC21 RKZFPOGMBZTJKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010000117 Abnormal behaviour Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006491 Acacia senegal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000002874 Acne Vulgaris Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108700028369 Alleles Proteins 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 102100029470 Apolipoprotein E Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710095339 Apolipoprotein E Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Asparagine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC(N)=O DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010003628 Atonic seizures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010003805 Autism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000020706 Autistic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- KPYSYYIEGFHWSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Baclofen Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(CN)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 KPYSYYIEGFHWSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XVSIWQOZDYWBLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N BrC1=C(C=C(C(=N1)OC)N)F Chemical compound BrC1=C(C=C(C(=N1)OC)N)F XVSIWQOZDYWBLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009010 Bradford assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 101800004538 Bradykinin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102400000967 Bradykinin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- COVZYZSDYWQREU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Busulfan Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)OCCCCOS(C)(=O)=O COVZYZSDYWQREU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QORQZMBCPRBCAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M Butabarbital sodium Chemical compound [Na+].CCC(C)C1(CC)C(=O)NC([O-])=NC1=O QORQZMBCPRBCAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004358 Butane-1, 3-diol Substances 0.000 description 1
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Natural products CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N Carbon-14 Chemical compound [14C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 208000020446 Cardiac disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000004652 Cardiovascular Abnormalities Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010078791 Carrier Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010064012 Central pain syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZKLPARSLTMPFCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cetirizine Chemical compound C1CN(CCOCC(=O)O)CCN1C(C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZKLPARSLTMPFCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000006122 Chenopodium album Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009344 Chenopodium album Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010053398 Clonic convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000013586 Complex regional pain syndrome type 1 Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000006509 Congenital Pain Insensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010010356 Congenital anomaly Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004821 Contact adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-YMDCURPLSA-N D-galactopyranuronic acid Chemical compound OC1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-YMDCURPLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-AQKNRBDQSA-N D-glucopyranuronic acid Chemical compound OC1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-AQKNRBDQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010012335 Dependence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000020401 Depressive disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012442 Dermatitis contact Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HCYAFALTSJYZDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Desimpramine Chemical compound C1CC2=CC=CC=C2N(CCCNC)C2=CC=CC=C21 HCYAFALTSJYZDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000014094 Dystonic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000002091 Febrile Seizures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000024412 Friedreich ataxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000021965 Glossopharyngeal Nerve disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010018691 Granuloma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QXZGBUJJYSLZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N H-Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg-OH Natural products NC(N)=NCCCC(N)C(=O)N1CCCC1C(=O)N1C(C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)N2C(CCC2)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCCN=C(N)N)C(O)=O)CCC1 QXZGBUJJYSLZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007821 HATU Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121710 HMGCoA reductase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000032843 Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000023105 Huntington disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKOAEVOSDHIVFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxybupropion Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)NC(C)C(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 AKOAEVOSDHIVFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCWXJXMHJVIJFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylysine Natural products NCC(O)CC(N)CC(O)=O LCWXJXMHJVIJFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMMYEEVYMWASQN-DMTCNVIQSA-N Hydroxyproline Chemical compound O[C@H]1CN[C@H](C(O)=O)C1 PMMYEEVYMWASQN-DMTCNVIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRYCSMQKUKOKBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Imidazolidine Chemical compound C1CNCN1 WRYCSMQKUKOKBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108060003951 Immunoglobulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010021750 Infantile Spasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035899 Infantile spasms syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000006877 Insect Bites and Stings Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012695 Interfacial polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010022562 Intermittent claudication Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004310 Ion Channels Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000862 Ion Channels Proteins 0.000 description 1
- LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocaffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNDPXSYFESPGGJ-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-2-aminopentanoic acid Chemical compound CCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O SNDPXSYFESPGGJ-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Ornithine Chemical compound NCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZGUNAGUHMKGQNY-ZETCQYMHSA-N L-alpha-phenylglycine zwitterion Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZGUNAGUHMKGQNY-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008575 L-amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N L-asparagine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(N)=O DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHGKLRLOHDJJDR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-citrulline Chemical compound NC(=O)NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O RHGKLRLOHDJJDR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFFHZYDWPBMWHY-VKHMYHEASA-N L-homocysteine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCS FFFHZYDWPBMWHY-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKAUYVFTDYCKQA-VKHMYHEASA-N L-homoserine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCO UKAUYVFTDYCKQA-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCUNFLYVYCGDHP-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine sulfone Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)CC[C@H](N)C(O)=O UCUNFLYVYCGDHP-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNDPXSYFESPGGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-norVal-OH Natural products CCCC(N)C(O)=O SNDPXSYFESPGGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGYHPLMPMRKMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-propargyl glycine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC#C DGYHPLMPMRKMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000007330 LDL Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010007622 LDL Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000006792 Lennox-Gastaut syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000009625 Lesch-Nyhan syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OZYUPQUCAUTOBP-QXAKKESOSA-N Levallorphan Chemical compound C([C@H]12)CCC[C@@]11CCN(CC=C)[C@@H]2CC2=CC=C(O)C=C21 OZYUPQUCAUTOBP-QXAKKESOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000867 Lipoxygenase Inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWJKNZONDWOGMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Metharbital Chemical compound CCC1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)N(C)C1=O FWJKNZONDWOGMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940121948 Muscarinic receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000007101 Muscle Cramp Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028347 Muscle twitching Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028391 Musculoskeletal Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028570 Myelopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028632 Myokymia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REBGYIMSSZASLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-N-pyrimidin-4-ylimidazole-1-sulfonamide Chemical compound COC1=C(CN(S(=O)(=O)N2C=NC=C2)C2=NC=NC=C2)C=CC(=C1)OC REBGYIMSSZASLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTLZVHNRZJPSMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-ethylpiperidine Chemical compound CCN1CCCCC1 HTLZVHNRZJPSMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDFAOVXKHJXLEI-VKHMYHEASA-N N-methyl-L-alanine Chemical compound C[NH2+][C@@H](C)C([O-])=O GDFAOVXKHJXLEI-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N N-methylglucamine Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940099433 NMDA receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940124777 Nav1.7 inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RHGKLRLOHDJJDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ndelta-carbamoyl-DL-ornithine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=O RHGKLRLOHDJJDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000028389 Nerve injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000012902 Nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010029240 Neuritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010029279 Neurogenic bladder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000025966 Neurological disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- KYYIDSXMWOZKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-desmethylvenlafaxine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1(O)C(CN(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KYYIDSXMWOZKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZQFBWGGLXLEPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-phosphoryl-L-serine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)COP(O)(O)=O BZQFBWGGLXLEPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orn-delta-NH2 Natural products NCCCC(N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ornithine Natural products OC(=O)C(C)CCCN UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010061535 Ovarian neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000000114 Pain Threshold Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010033425 Pain in extremity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010033864 Paranoia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027099 Paranoid disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010034759 Petit mal epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010034912 Phobia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002556 Polyethylene Glycol 300 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004257 Potassium Channel Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124158 Protease/peptidase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940079156 Proteasome inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102100037132 Proteinase-activated receptor 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710121435 Proteinase-activated receptor 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 201000004681 Psoriasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000001947 Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010077895 Sarcosine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZRIHAIZYIMGOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Secbutobarbitone Natural products CCC(C)C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O ZRIHAIZYIMGOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010040030 Sensory loss Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940121991 Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108010071390 Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007562 Serum Albumin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000005392 Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000011040 TRPV Cation Channels Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010062740 TRPV Cation Channels Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000003141 Tachykinin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- GUGOEEXESWIERI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terfenadine Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C(O)CCCN1CCC(C(O)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)CC1 GUGOEEXESWIERI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000024313 Testicular Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUJDSEJGGMCXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiopental Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=S)NC1=O IUJDSEJGGMCXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000024770 Thyroid neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035317 Total hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004338 Transferrin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000901 Transferrin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010033576 Transferrin Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007238 Transferrin Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N Trehalose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940123445 Tricyclic antidepressant Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010047281 Ventricular arrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000003827 Vulvar Vestibulitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000006791 West syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000608924 Whitea Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVCSYOQWLPPAOA-CVPHZBIISA-M [(5s)-spiro[8-azoniabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-8,1'-azolidin-1-ium]-3-yl] 2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetate;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[N+]12([C@H]3CCC2CC(C3)OC(=O)C(O)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCC1 RVCSYOQWLPPAOA-CVPHZBIISA-M 0.000 description 1
- PKARAEQMGHJHMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1F PKARAEQMGHJHMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUHVVLFCTMTYGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC=C1F KUHVVLFCTMTYGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYJVGNXKXAYCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl]boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC(C(F)F)=C1 MYJVGNXKXAYCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWDFWVLAHRQSKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC(OC(F)(F)F)=C1 UWDFWVLAHRQSKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEMCWZGCSRGJGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC(F)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 WEMCWZGCSRGJGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMEPDNFRHUGNPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [5-(diethylamino)-2-methylpent-3-yn-2-yl] 2-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C#CCN(CC)CC)C1CCCCC1 DMEPDNFRHUGNPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001594 aberrant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008351 acetate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- VJHCJDRQFCCTHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal Chemical compound CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O VJHCJDRQFCCTHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001138 acetylsalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 206010000496 acne Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036982 action potential Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005042 acyloxymethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 208000009956 adenocarcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000464 adrenergic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005206 alkoxycarbonyloxymethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N alpha,alpha-trehalose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alprazolam Chemical compound C12=CC(Cl)=CC=C2N2C(C)=NN=C2CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VREFGVBLTWBCJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009435 amidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004977 anhydrous lactose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003423 ankle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003556 anti-epileptic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001387 anti-histamine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003416 antiarrhythmic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125681 anticonvulsant agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125715 antihistaminic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003908 antipruritic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003443 antiviral agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121357 antivirals Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003153 aprobarbital Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UORJNBVJVRLXMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aprobarbital Chemical compound C=CCC1(C(C)C)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O UORJNBVJVRLXMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001483 arginine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003435 aroyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001230 asparagine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000009582 asparagine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000037444 atrophy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003050 axon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- HONIICLYMWZJFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azetidine Chemical group C1CNC1 HONIICLYMWZJFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000794 baclofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002319 barbital Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FTOAOBMCPZCFFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N barbitone sodium Natural products CCC1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O FTOAOBMCPZCFFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012724 barbiturate sedative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003323 beak Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000032257 benign familial neonatal 1 seizures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000499 benzofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004541 benzoxazolyl group Chemical group O1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- VZOVOHRDLOYBJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl 4-oxopiperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CC(=O)CCN1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 VZOVOHRDLOYBJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-galactosamine Natural products NC1C(O)OC(CO)C(O)C1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940000635 beta-alanine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JSMRMEYFZHIPJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane Chemical compound C1C2CC1CC2 JSMRMEYFZHIPJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAPMJSVZDUYFKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane Chemical compound C1CCC2CC21 JAPMJSVZDUYFKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004166 bioassay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002306 biochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001574 biopsy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- MCQRPQCQMGVWIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;methylsulfanylmethane Chemical compound [B].CSC MCQRPQCQMGVWIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940098773 bovine serum albumin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003461 brachial plexus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- QXZGBUJJYSLZLT-FDISYFBBSA-N bradykinin Chemical compound NC(=N)NCCC[C@H](N)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N1[C@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N2[C@@H](CCC2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O)CCC1 QXZGBUJJYSLZLT-FDISYFBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 229960001058 bupropion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940015694 butabarbital Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- YSTAPDGDOHWKQR-CEWLAPEOSA-N butorphan Chemical compound C([C@@]12C3=CC(O)=CC=C3C[C@@]3([C@@H]1CCCC2)[H])CN3CC1CCC1 YSTAPDGDOHWKQR-CEWLAPEOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFKLAQQSCNILHL-QHAWAJNXSA-N butorphanol Chemical compound N1([C@@H]2CC3=CC=C(C=C3[C@@]3([C@]2(CCCC3)O)CC1)O)CC1CCC1 IFKLAQQSCNILHL-QHAWAJNXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001113 butorphanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001948 caffeine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1C=CN2C VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003827 cannabinoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000003557 cannabinoid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940065144 cannabinoids Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002504 capsaicin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000017663 capsaicin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DRCMAZOSEIMCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N capsazepine Chemical compound C1C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2CCCN1C(=S)NCCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 DRCMAZOSEIMCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000623 carbamazepine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FFGPTBGBLSHEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamazepine Chemical compound C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2N(C(=O)N)C2=CC=CC=C21 FFGPTBGBLSHEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940077731 carbohydrate nutrients Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009787 cardiac fibrosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006285 cell suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001803 cetirizine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940082500 cetostearyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000973 chemotherapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004218 chloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000064 cholinergic agonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001713 cholinergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000544 cholinesterase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003016 chromanyl group Chemical group O1C(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960002173 citrulline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013477 citrulline Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005354 coacervation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004126 codeine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010009887 colitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002648 combination therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002299 complementary DNA Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007891 compressed tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000010247 contact dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012084 conversion product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003246 corticosteroid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001334 corticosteroids Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940111134 coxibs Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005168 croscarmellose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001681 croscarmellose sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010947 crosslinked sodium carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001767 crosslinked sodium carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- WZHCOOQXZCIUNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclandelate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)CC(C)CC1OC(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WZHCOOQXZCIUNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001485 cycloalkadienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JURKNVYFZMSNLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobenzaprine Chemical compound C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C(=CCCN(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C21 JURKNVYFZMSNLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003572 cyclobenzaprine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEZRYPDIMOWBDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dcm dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl.ClCCl DEZRYPDIMOWBDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006240 deamidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004856 decahydroquinolinyl group Chemical group N1(CCCC2CCCCC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007257 deesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YSMODUONRAFBET-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-DL-hydroxylysine Natural products NCC(O)CCC(N)C(O)=O YSMODUONRAFBET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007933 dermal patch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003914 desipramine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SRPXSILJHWNFMK-ZBEGNZNMSA-N desmethylsertraline Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2CC[C@@H](C3=CC=CC=C32)N)=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 SRPXSILJHWNFMK-ZBEGNZNMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011903 deuterated solvents Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000034373 developmental growth involved in morphogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229950006137 dexfosfoserine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004253 dexmedetomidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HRLIOXLXPOHXTA-NSHDSACASA-N dexmedetomidine Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C)C=2C(=C(C)C=CC=2)C)=CN=C[N]1 HRLIOXLXPOHXTA-NSHDSACASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLMALTXPSGQGBX-GCJKJVERSA-N dextropropoxyphene Chemical compound C([C@](OC(=O)CC)([C@H](C)CN(C)C)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 XLMALTXPSGQGBX-GCJKJVERSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004193 dextropropoxyphene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- PSHRANCNVXNITH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylamino acetate Chemical compound CN(C)OC(C)=O PSHRANCNVXNITH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CNC IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXGNZZKBCMGWAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylformamide dmf Chemical compound CN(C)C=O.CN(C)C=O UXGNZZKBCMGWAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-ARSRFYASSA-N dinoprostone Chemical compound CCCCC[C@H](O)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)CC(=O)[C@@H]1C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-ARSRFYASSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002986 dinoprostone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000520 diphenhydramine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000037765 diseases and disorders Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002224 dissection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- PMMYEEVYMWASQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dl-hydroxyproline Natural products OC1C[NH2+]C(C([O-])=O)C1 PMMYEEVYMWASQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CETRZFQIITUQQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dmso dimethylsulfoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O.CS(C)=O CETRZFQIITUQQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003638 dopamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940052760 dopamine agonists Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003136 dopamine receptor stimulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010013663 drug dependence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009510 drug design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009509 drug development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007876 drug discovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036267 drug metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002651 drug therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037336 dry skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008451 emotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008387 emulsifying waxe Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003989 endothelium vascular Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YSMODUONRAFBET-UHNVWZDZSA-N erythro-5-hydroxy-L-lysine Chemical compound NC[C@H](O)CC[C@H](N)C(O)=O YSMODUONRAFBET-UHNVWZDZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PQJJJMRNHATNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl bromoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CBr PQJJJMRNHATNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OJCSPXHYDFONPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N etoac etoac Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O.CCOC(C)=O OJCSPXHYDFONPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000105 evaporative light scattering detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003889 eye drop Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940012356 eye drops Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950007979 flufenisal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004785 fluoromethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004216 fluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 229960002390 flurbiprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003692 gamma aminobutyric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UHBYWPGGCSDKFX-VKHMYHEASA-N gamma-carboxy-L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(C(O)=O)C(O)=O UHBYWPGGCSDKFX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940083124 ganglion-blocking antiadrenergic secondary and tertiary amines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001415 gene therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003193 general anesthetic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021474 generally recognized As safe (food) Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021473 generally recognized as safe (food ingredients) Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000005442 glossopharyngeal neuralgia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003862 glucocorticoid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002442 glucosamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940097043 glucuronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940074045 glyceryl distearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003147 glycosyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-O guanidinium Chemical compound NC(N)=[NH2+] ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007902 hard capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000019622 heart disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000002373 hemiacetals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000322 hemodialysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- UBHWBODXJBSFLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol;octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO UBHWBODXJBSFLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001340 histamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000938 histamine H1 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydantoin Chemical compound O=C1CNC(=O)N1 WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940091173 hydantoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XGIHQYAWBCFNPY-AZOCGYLKSA-N hydrabamine Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC3=CC(C(C)C)=CC=C3[C@@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)CNCCNC[C@@]1(C)[C@@H]2CCC3=CC(C(C)C)=CC=C3[C@@]2(C)CCC1 XGIHQYAWBCFNPY-AZOCGYLKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008309 hydrophilic cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001600 hydrophobic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RCCPEORTSYDPMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy benzenecarboximidothioate Chemical compound OSC(=N)C1=CC=CC=C1 RCCPEORTSYDPMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- QJHBJHUKURJDLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy-L-lysine Natural products NCCCCC(NO)C(O)=O QJHBJHUKURJDLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002591 hydroxyproline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000013403 hyperactivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009610 hypersensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZHFIAFNZGWCLHU-YPMHNXCESA-N ifoxetine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O[C@@H]2[C@@H](CNCC2)O)=C1C ZHFIAFNZGWCLHU-YPMHNXCESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950006314 ifoxetine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1NCCN1 YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXIIOIWGHFXJSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazolidin-2-one;1-methylpiperidine Chemical compound O=C1NCCN1.CN1CCCCC1 VXIIOIWGHFXJSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 102000018358 immunoglobulin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940072221 immunoglobulins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012744 immunostaining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004968 inflammatory condition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940102223 injectable solution Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940102213 injectable suspension Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000021156 intermittent vascular claudication Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001361 intraarterial administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010255 intramuscular injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007927 intramuscular injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007913 intrathecal administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007914 intraventricular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000037906 ischaemic injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002183 isoquinolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000002510 keratinocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001375 lactose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000010901 lateral sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VNYSSYRCGWBHLG-AMOLWHMGSA-N leukotriene B4 Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C[C@@H](O)\C=C\C=C\C=C/[C@@H](O)CCCC(O)=O VNYSSYRCGWBHLG-AMOLWHMGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004338 leuprorelin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000263 levallorphan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940060977 lidoderm Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003041 ligament Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound [Li+].C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJJDYOLPMGIWND-UHFFFAOYSA-N litoxetine Chemical compound C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1COC1CCNCC1 MJJDYOLPMGIWND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950004138 litoxetine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005015 local anesthetics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004777 loss-of-function mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940087857 lupron Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008176 lyophilized powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004962 mammalian cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- BCVXHSPFUWZLGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mecn acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N.CC#N BCVXHSPFUWZLGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000003102 mental depression Diseases 0.000 description 1
- COTNUBDHGSIOTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meoh methanol Chemical compound OC.OC COTNUBDHGSIOTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000030159 metabolic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003818 metabolic dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-VMNATFBRSA-N methanol-d1 Chemical compound [2H]OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-VMNATFBRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000005217 methyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002900 methylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007932 molded tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010369 molecular cloning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000329 molecular dynamics simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003068 molecular probe Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007659 motor function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000005264 motor neuron disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002324 mouth wash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003149 muscarinic antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035363 muscle relaxants Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000031225 myocardial ischemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003158 myorelaxant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940043348 myristyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003703 n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ACTNHJDHMQSOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-dibenzylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CN(CCN)CC1=CC=CC=C1 ACTNHJDHMQSOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEECTLLHENGOKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpyridin-4-amine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1.CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 PEECTLLHENGOKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLYXPBZBZBVRGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-5-pyridin-2-ylquinazolin-2-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1h-isoquinolin-5-yl]methanesulfonamide Chemical compound COC=1C(OC)=CC2=NC(N3CC4=C(C(=CC=C4)NS(C)(=O)=O)CC3)=NC(N)=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=N1 OLYXPBZBZBVRGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYRWESBUIKRJMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-n-methyl-2-phenylpiperidin-3-amine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C1N(C)C1C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)NCCC1 NYRWESBUIKRJMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- WOOWBQQQJXZGIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-n-propan-2-ylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C.CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C WOOWBQQQJXZGIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002088 nanocapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004593 naphthyridinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CN=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008764 nerve damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004770 neurodegeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015122 neurodegenerative disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004412 neuroendocrine cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001272 neurogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000018360 neuromuscular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000009985 neuronitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002981 neuropathic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000508 neurotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VWBWQOUWDOULQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N nmp n-methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O.CN1CCCC1=O VWBWQOUWDOULQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000929 nociceptor Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 108091008700 nociceptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940121367 non-opioid analgesics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940127221 norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GYCKQBWUSACYIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O GYCKQBWUSACYIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQYBNXGHMBNGCG-RNJXMRFFSA-N octahydroindole-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1CCC[C@H]2N[C@H](C(=O)O)C[C@@H]21 CQYBNXGHMBNGCG-RNJXMRFFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005483 opioid analgesics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011369 optimal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960003104 ornithine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002611 ovarian Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000001715 oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960002739 oxaprozin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OFPXSFXSNFPTHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxaprozin Chemical compound O1C(CCC(=O)O)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 OFPXSFXSNFPTHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTRLABGOLIVAIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxcarbazepine Chemical compound C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N(C(=O)N)C2=CC=CC=C21 CTRLABGOLIVAIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxetane Chemical group C1COC1 AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008050 pain signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037040 pain threshold Effects 0.000 description 1
- MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(2+) Chemical compound [Pd+2] MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000019906 panic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010603 pastilles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012402 patch clamp technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001639 penicillamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000137 peptide hydrolase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000578 peripheral nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001428 peripheral nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002856 peripheral neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008823 permeabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008191 permeabilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124531 pharmaceutical excipient Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PARWUHTVGZSQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylsilane Chemical compound [SiH3]C1=CC=CC=C1 PARWUHTVGZSQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000028591 pheochromocytoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000019899 phobic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- BZQFBWGGLXLEPQ-REOHCLBHSA-N phosphoserine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)COP(O)(O)=O BZQFBWGGLXLEPQ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USRGIUJOYOXOQJ-GBXIJSLDSA-N phosphothreonine Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)O[C@H](C)[C@H](N)C(O)=O USRGIUJOYOXOQJ-GBXIJSLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCWXELXMIBXGTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphotyrosine Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(OP(O)(O)=O)C=C1 DCWXELXMIBXGTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalimide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004962 physiological condition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930006728 pinane Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XUWHAWMETYGRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCN1 XUWHAWMETYGRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001992 poloxamer 407 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002338 polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000054765 polymorphisms of proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000244 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002600 positron emission tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002980 postoperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108020001213 potassium channel Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940069328 povidone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000011461 pre-eclampsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001292 preischemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012746 preparative thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N procaine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004919 procaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OLBCVFGFOZPWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propofol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1O OLBCVFGFOZPWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004134 propofol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010232 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N prostaglandin E2 Natural products CCCCCC(O)C=CC1C(O)CC(=O)C1CC=CCCCC(O)=O XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003207 proteasome inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001823 pruritic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001185 psoriatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003212 purines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- USPWKWBDZOARPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolidine Chemical compound C1CNNC1 USPWKWBDZOARPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OYRRZWATULMEPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidin-4-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=NC=N1 OYRRZWATULMEPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- SBYHFKPVCBCYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinuclidine Chemical compound C1CC2CCN1CC2 SBYHFKPVCBCYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003770 reboxetine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CBQGYUDMJHNJBX-RTBURBONSA-N reboxetine Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1O[C@H](C=1C=CC=CC=1)[C@@H]1OCCNC1 CBQGYUDMJHNJBX-RTBURBONSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940044551 receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002464 receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000611 regression analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004007 reversed phase HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011808 rodent model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102220006466 rs6746030 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003873 salicylate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940043230 sarcosine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical class O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007423 screening assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001044 sensory neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003775 serotonin noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003772 serotonin uptake inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000161 signs of toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZSOMPVKQDGLTOT-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium green Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C.C[N+](C)(C)C.C[N+](C)(C)C.C[N+](C)(C)C.COC=1C=C(NC(=O)C=2C=C(C(=CC=2)C2=C3C=C(Cl)C(=O)C=C3OC3=CC([O-])=C(Cl)C=C32)C([O-])=O)C(OC)=CC=1N(CCOCC1)CCOCCOCCN1C(C(=C1)OC)=CC(OC)=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=C(C2=C3C=C(Cl)C(=O)C=C3OC3=CC([O-])=C(Cl)C=C32)C(C([O-])=O)=C1 ZSOMPVKQDGLTOT-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UGJCNRLBGKEGEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium-binding benzofuran isophthalate Chemical compound COC1=CC=2C=C(C=3C(=CC(=CC=3)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)OC=2C=C1N(CCOCC1)CCOCCOCCN1C(C(=CC=1C=2)OC)=CC=1OC=2C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O UGJCNRLBGKEGEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007901 soft capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009870 specific binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000278 spinal cord Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008925 spontaneous activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- DFVFTMTWCUHJBL-BQBZGAKWSA-N statine Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](N)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O DFVFTMTWCUHJBL-BQBZGAKWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M stearalkonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000021 stimulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000011117 substance-related disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011477 surgical intervention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004114 suspension culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108060008037 tachykinin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000001138 tear Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229950000334 temiverine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NJTCZYCQJCLFEJ-UYAOXDASSA-N tert-butyl (3R,4R)-4-[2-chloro-5-fluoro-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]anilino]-3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound ClC=1C(=CC(=C(C=1)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F)F)N[C@H]1[C@@H](CN(CC1)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)O NJTCZYCQJCLFEJ-UYAOXDASSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHOJQBINXAJBFB-CZUORRHYSA-N tert-butyl (4aR,8aR)-1-(4-bromo-5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-carboxylate Chemical compound BrC1=CC(=C(C=C1F)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)OC FHOJQBINXAJBFB-CZUORRHYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYAZAMIBPGZZHK-IFMALSPDSA-N tert-butyl (4aR,8aR)-1-[2-cyano-5-fluoro-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-2-oxo-5,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4aH-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-carboxylate Chemical compound C(#N)C=1C(=CC(=C(C=1)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F)F)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1=O)CN(CC2)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C DYAZAMIBPGZZHK-IFMALSPDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIVXCEVISOWKDR-NFBKMPQASA-N tert-butyl (4aR,8aR)-1-[5-fluoro-2-methoxy-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phenyl]-3,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydro-2H-pyrido[3,4-b][1,4]oxazine-6-carboxylate Chemical compound FC1=C(C=C(C(=C1)N1[C@H]2[C@H](OCC1)CN(CC2)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)OC)C1=CC(=CC=C1)C(F)(F)F RIVXCEVISOWKDR-NFBKMPQASA-N 0.000 description 1
- YQXNKWRLSHEUKH-DTWKUNHWSA-N tert-butyl (4aR,8aR)-2-oxo-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-d][1,3]oxazine-6-carboxylate Chemical compound O=C1OC[C@H]2[C@H](N1)CCN(C2)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C YQXNKWRLSHEUKH-DTWKUNHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWNNZXDNLPNGQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C UWNNZXDNLPNGQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKANPBJWPFOPDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2H-oxazine-6-carboxylate Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=CNO1 AKANPBJWPFOPDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002381 testicular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001940 tetracyclic carbocycle group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHRNULOCNSKMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran thf Chemical compound C1CCOC1.C1CCOC1 WHRNULOCNSKMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrothiophene Chemical compound C1CCSC1 RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004632 tetrahydrothiopyranyl group Chemical group S1C(CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- OULAJFUGPPVRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetratriacontyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO OULAJFUGPPVRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFMYXEVWODSLAX-QOZOJKKESA-N tetrodotoxin Chemical compound O([C@@]([C@H]1O)(O)O[C@H]2[C@@]3(O)CO)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)[C@]11[C@H]2[C@@H](O)N=C(N)N1 CFMYXEVWODSLAX-QOZOJKKESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950010357 tetrodotoxin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CFMYXEVWODSLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrodotoxin Natural products C12C(O)NC(=N)NC2(C2O)C(O)C3C(CO)(O)C1OC2(O)O3 CFMYXEVWODSLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tfa trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F.OC(=O)C(F)(F)F WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004559 theobromine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004797 therapeutic response Effects 0.000 description 1
- VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole Chemical compound C1=CSN=N1.C1=CSN=N1 VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QGVNJRROSLYGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiobarbital Chemical compound CCC1(CC)C(=O)NC(=S)NC1=O QGVNJRROSLYGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiomorpholine Chemical group C1CSCCN1 BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960003279 thiopental Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IBBLKSWSCDAPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiopyran Chemical compound S1C=CC=C=C1 IBBLKSWSCDAPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008448 thought Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000013076 thyroid tumor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003371 toe Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012929 tonicity agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003860 topical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100611 topical cream Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940100615 topical ointment Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000037317 transdermal delivery Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012581 transferrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000035160 transmembrane proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091005703 transmembrane proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003029 tricyclic antidepressant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000165 tricyclic carbocycle group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004044 trifluoroacetyl group Chemical group FC(C(=O)*)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XLRPYZSEQKXZAA-OCAPTIKFSA-N tropane Chemical compound C1CC[C@H]2CC[C@@H]1N2C XLRPYZSEQKXZAA-OCAPTIKFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930004006 tropane Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229960001530 trospium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001562 ulcerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003827 upregulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003414 zomepirac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZXVNMYWKKDOREA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zomepirac Chemical compound C1=C(CC(O)=O)N(C)C(C(=O)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=C1C ZXVNMYWKKDOREA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D498/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D498/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D498/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/4353—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4375—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems the heterocyclic ring system containing a six-membered ring having nitrogen as a ring heteroatom, e.g. quinolizines, naphthyridines, berberine, vincamine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
- A61K31/5365—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/24—Antidepressants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了式(I)的化合物或其药用盐;其中A、B、环C、R3、R4、R5、R6和R7具有如本文所述的含义,并且提供了含有这样的化合物的组合物和用于使用这样的化合物和组合物的方法。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2018年3月30日提交的国际申请号PCT/CN2018/081250的优先权。上面参考的申请的全部内容通过引用结合于此。
本发明涉及可用于哺乳动物的治疗的有机化合物,并且特别是涉及可用于治疗钠通道介导的疾病或病况(诸如疼痛)以及与钠通道调节有关的其他疾病和病况的钠通道(例如NaV1.7)抑制剂。
电压门控钠通道是在神经、肌肉和其他电可兴奋细胞中引发动作电位的跨膜蛋白,并且是并且是正常感觉、情感、思想和运动的必要组分(Catterall,W.A.,Nature(2001),Vol.409,pp.988-990)。这些通道由与辅助β亚基缔合的高度加工的α亚基组成。成孔α亚基对于通道功能是足够的,但是通道门控的动力学和电压依赖性部分地通过β亚基改变(Goldin等人,Neuron(2000),Vol.28,pp.365–368)。电生理学记录、生化纯化和分子克隆已经鉴定了十种不同的钠通道α亚基和四种β亚基(Yu,F.H.等人,Sci.STKE(2004),253;以及Yu,F.H.等人,Neurosci.(2003),20:7577-85)。
蛋白质的钠通道家族已得到广泛研究,并且显示出参与许多重要的身体功能。该领域的研究已经鉴定了导致通道功能和活性发生重大变化的α亚基的变体,其最终可能引起重大的病理生理病况。该蛋白质家族的成员表示为NaV1.1至NaV1.9。
NaV1.7是由基因SCN9A编码的河豚毒素敏感性电压门控钠通道。首先从神经内分泌细胞中克隆人NaV1.7(Klugbauer,N.等人,1995EMBO J.,14(6):1084-90.),并且从嗜铬细胞瘤PC12细胞系中(Toledo-Aral,J.J.等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA(1997),94:1527–1532)和从大鼠背根神经节中(Sangameswaran,L.等人,(1997),J.Biol.Chem.,272(23):14805-9)克隆大鼠NaV1.7。NaV1.7主要在周围神经系统中表达,尤其在伤害感受器以及嗅觉神经元和交感神经元中表达。已经显示出NaV1.7的抑制或阻断产生镇痛活性。在主要是感受伤害的感受神经元亚群中,NaV1.7表达的敲除导致对炎性疼痛的抗性(Nassar等人,参上)。同样,在人中功能丧失性突变导致先天性痛觉丧失(CIP),其中个体对炎性疼痛和神经性疼痛二者具有抗性(Cox,J.J.等人,Nature(2006);444:894-898;Goldberg,Y.P.等人,Clin.Genet.(2007);71:311-319)。相反地,在两种人遗传性疼痛病况中(即原发性红斑性肢痛症(primary erythromelalgia)和家族性直肠痛(familial rectal pain)),已经确定了在NaV1.7中的功能获得性突变(Yang,Y.等人,J.Med.Genet.(2004),41(3):171-4)。另外,对通道门控的时间和电压依赖性具有非常精细影响的单核苷酸多态性(R1150W)对疼痛感知具有很大的影响(Estacion,M.等人,2009.Ann Neurol 66:862-6;Reimann,F.等人,Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A(2010),107:5148-53)。患有各种疼痛病况的患者中的约10%具有赋予对疼痛较大敏感性的等位基因,并且因此可能对NaV1.7的阻断更有可能作出反应。由于NaV1.7在感觉神经元和交感神经元二者中表达,所以人们可以期望增强的疼痛感知将伴随心血管异常(诸如高血压),但是相关性尚未有报道。因此,CIP突变和SNP分析二者都提示,人疼痛反应对NaV1.7电流的变化比对自主神经功能紊乱更为敏感。
钠通道阻断剂已经显示可用于治疗疼痛(参见例如Wood,J.N.等人,J.Neurobiol.(2004),61(1),55-71。遗传和功能研究已经提供了支持NaV1.7的活性是哺乳动物疼痛信号传导的主要贡献者的证据。(参见Hajj等人,Nature Reviews Neuroscience;2013,vol 14,49-62;以及Lee等人,Cell;2014,vol 157;1-12)。现在,当前在临床上仅存在有限数量的治疗疼痛的具有最小的不良副作用的有效钠通道阻断剂。因此,仍然需要能够为治疗提供更大治疗指数的选择性电压门控钠通道调节剂(例如NaV1.7的调节剂)。
发明内容
在一个方面,本发明提供了可用于治疗疼痛的具有钠通道阻断活性的新化合物。
在第一实施方案中(实施方案1;简称为“E1”),本发明提供了本发明的化合物,其是式(I)的化合物:
或其药用盐;其中,
A是6-12元芳基环,其任选地被一个或多个基团RA取代,RA独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、Br、I、-CN、-C(=O)ORA1、-SO2RA1、-ORA1、-(XRA)-(3-15元碳环基)、-(XRA)-(6-12元芳基)、-(XRA)-(5-12元杂芳基)和-RA2,其中RA的所述3-15元碳环基、6-12元芳基和5-12元杂芳基任选地被1至5个取代基Ra取代,Ra独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、Br、I、C1-4烷基、卤代(C1-4烷基)、氨基、(C1-4烷基)氨基、二(C1-4烷基)氨基、卤代(C1-4烷氧基)和-C(O)N(Rc)2;RA1选自由以下组成的组:氢、C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基、卤代(C1-8烷基)、C3-8环烷基、苯基和苄基;RA2选自由以下组成的组:任选地被一个或多个取代基取代的C1-8烷基,所述取代基独立地选自氧代(=O)、氟、羟基、氨基、(C1-4烷基)氨基和二(C1-4烷基)氨基;XRA选自由以下组成的组:不存在、-C(=O)-和C1-4亚烷基;其中XRA的任何C1-4亚烷基任选地被1至3个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自由以下组成的组:C1-4烷基、卤代(C1-4烷基)和苯基,所述苯基任选地被独立地选自以下的1至5个取代基取代:F、Cl、Br、I、-NH2、-OH、-CN、-NO2、C1-4烷基、卤代(C1-4烷基)、C1-4烷氧基、卤代(C1-4烷氧基)、(C1-4烷基)氨基和二(C1-4烷基)氨基;
B是5-12元杂芳基或6-12元芳基环,其中环B任选地被一个或多个基团RB取代,RB独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、Br、I、-CN、-C(=O)ORB1、-SO2RB1、-ORB1、-(XRB)-(3-15元碳环基)、-(XRB)-(6-12元芳基)、-(XRB)-(5-12元杂芳基)和-RB2,其中RB的所述3-15元碳环基、6-12元芳基和5-12元杂芳基任选地被1至5个取代基Rb取代,Rb独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、Br、I、C1-4烷基、卤代(C1-4烷基)、氨基、(C1-4烷基)氨基、二(C1-4烷基)氨基、卤代(C1-4烷氧基)和-C(O)N(Rc)2;RB1选自由以下组成的组:氢、C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基、卤代(C1-8烷基)、C3-8环烷基、苯基和苄基;RB2选自由以下组成的组:任选地被一个或多个取代基取代的C1-8烷基,所述取代基独立地选自氧代(=O)、氟、羟基、氨基、(C1-4烷基)氨基和二(C1-4烷基)氨基;XRB选自由以下组成的组:不存在、-C(=O)-和C1-4亚烷基;其中XRB的任何C1-4亚烷基任选地被1至3个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自由以下组成的组:C1-4烷基、卤代(C1-4烷基)和苯基,所述苯基任选地被独立地选自以下的1至5个取代基取代:F、Cl、Br、I、-NH2、-OH、-CN、-NO2、C1-4烷基、卤代(C1-4烷基)、C1-4烷氧基、卤代(C1-4烷氧基)、(C1-4烷基)氨基和二(C1-4烷基)氨基;
环C是5元、6元或7元杂环基,所述5元、6元或7元杂环基任选地被一个或多个基团RC取代,RC独立地选自由以下组成的组:C1-4烷基、卤代、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)和卤代(C1-4烷基);
R3、R4和R5各自独立地选自由以下组成的组:H、F、C1-8烷基、C3-8环烷基、卤代(C1-8烷基)和C1-8烷氧基;并且
R6选自由以下组成的组:H、C1-8烷基、C3-8环烷基、芳基和芳基(C1-4烷基);并且R7选自由以下组成的组:C1-8烷基、3-15元杂环基、5-12元杂芳基、-C(O)N(Rd)2和-C(=NCN)N(Rd)2;或者R6和R7连同它们所连接的氮一起形成3-15元杂环基或5-12元杂芳基;其中任何C1-8烷基、C3-8环烷基、芳基、芳烷基、3-15元杂环基和5-12元杂芳基任选地被一个或多个基团Re取代,Re独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、Br、I、-NH2、-OH、-CN、-NO2、C1-4烷基、卤代(C1-4烷基)、C1-4烷氧基、卤代(C1-4烷氧基)、(C1-4烷基)氨基和二(C1-4烷基)氨基;各Rd独立地选自由以下组成的组:氢、C1-8烷基、C3-8环烷基、苯基和苄基。
在第二实施方案中(实施方案2;简称为“E2”),本发明提供了式I的化合物,其是式Ia的化合物:
其中X是CH2、O、S、SO或SO2;Y是H2或O;并且Z是CH2或O;条件是当Z是O时,X是CH2。
在另一个实施方案中(实施方案3;简称为“E3”),本发明提供了式I的化合物,其是式Ib的化合物:
其中X是CH2、O、S、SO或SO2;Y是H2或O;Z是CH2或O;条件是当Z是O时,X是CH2;并且p是1、2、3或4,或其药用盐。
在另一个实施方案中(实施方案4;简称为“E4”),本发明提供了式I的化合物,其是式Ic的化合物:
其中X是CH2、O、S、SO或SO2;Y是H2或O;Z是CH2或O;条件是当Z是O时,X是CH2;并且p是1、2、3或4,或其药用盐。
在另一个实施方案中(实施方案5;简称为“E5”),本发明提供了式I的化合物,其是式Id的化合物:
其中X是CH2、O、S、SO或SO2;Y是H2或O;Z是CH2或O;条件是当Z是O时,X是CH2;p是1、2、3或4;并且o是1、2、3、4或5;或其药用盐。
在另一个实施方案中(实施方案6;简称为“E6”),本发明提供了式I的化合物,其是式Ie的化合物:
其中Y是H2或O;p是1、2、3或4;并且o是1、2、3、4或5;或其药用盐。
在另一个实施方案中(实施方案7;简称为“E7”),本发明提供了式I的化合物,其是式If的化合物:
其中X是CH2、O、S、SO或SO2;Y是H2或O;Z是CH2或O;条件是当Z是O时,X是CH2;并且o是1、2、3、4或5;或其药用盐。
在另一个实施方案中(实施方案8;简称为“E8”),本发明提供了式I的化合物,其是式Ig的化合物:
其中Y是H2或O;并且o是1、2、3、4或5;或其药用盐。
下面描述了本发明的化合物的其他实施方案。
E9.E2、E3、E4、E5或E7的化合物,或其药用盐,其中X是O、S、SO或SO2;Y是H2;并且Z是CH2。
E10.E2、E3、E4、E5或E7的化合物,或其药用盐,其中X是O、S、SO或SO2;Y是O;并且Z是CH2。
E11.E6或E8的化合物,或其药用盐,其中Y是H2。
E12.E6或E8的化合物,或其药用盐,其中Y是O。
E13.E1、E2、E3、E4、E5、E6、E7、E8、E9、E10、E11或E12的化合物,或其药用盐,其中R3是H。
E14.E1、E2、E3、E4、E5、E6、E7、E8、E9、E10、E11或E12的化合物,或其药用盐,其中R4是H。
E15.E1、E2、E3、E4、E5、E6、E7、E8、E9、E10、E11或E12的化合物,或其药用盐,其中R5是H。
E16.E1、E2、E3、E4、E5、E6、E7、E8、E9、E10、E11或E12的化合物,或其药用盐,其中R3、R4和R5各自独立地选自由以下组成的组:H、F和C1-4烷基。
E17.E1、E2、E3、E4、E5、E6、E7、E8、E9、E10、E11或E12的化合物,或其药用盐,其中R3、R4和R5各自是H。
E18.E1、E2、E3、E4、E5、E6、E7、E8、E9、E10、E11、E12、E13、E14、E15、E16或E17的化合物,或其药用盐,其中-NR6R7是:
E19.E1、E2、E3、E4、E5、E6、E7、E8、E9、E10、E11、E12、E13、E14、E15、E16或E17的化合物,或其药用盐,其中-NR6R7是:
E20.E1、E2、E3、E4、E5、E6、E7、E8、E9、E10、E11、E12、E13、E14、E15、E16或E17的化合物,或其药用盐,其中R6是H并且R7是5-6元杂芳基。
E21.E1、E2、E3、E4、E5、E6、E7、E8、E9、E10、E11、E12、E13、E14、E15、E16、E17、E18、E19或E20的化合物,或其药用盐,其中各RA独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、Br、I、-ORA1和-RA2,其中RA1选自由以下组成的组:C1-8烷基和卤代(C1-8烷基),并且其中RA2是任选地被一个或多个取代基取代的C1-8烷基,所述取代基独立地选自由以下组成的组:氟和氯。
E22.E1、E2、E3、E4、E5、E6、E7、E8、E9、E10、E11、E12、E13、E14、E15、E16、E17、E18、E19、E20或E21的化合物,或其药用盐,其中各RB独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、Br、I、-CN和-ORA1,其中RA1选自由以下组成的组:C1-8烷基和卤代(C1-8烷基)。
E23.E1、E2、E3、E4、E5、E6、E7、E8、E9、E10、E11、E12、E13、E14、E15、E16、E17、E18、E19、E20、E21或E22的化合物,或其药用盐,其中各RA独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、三氟甲氧基、CF2和CF3。
E24.E1、E2、E3、E4、E5、E6、E7、E8、E9、E10、E11、E12、E13、E14、E15、E16、E17、E18、E19、E20、E21、E22或E23的化合物,或其药用盐,其中各RB独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、-CN和甲氧基。
在另一个方面,本发明提供了一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含如本文所述的化合物或其药用盐,以及药用赋形剂。
在另一个方面,本发明提供了一种治疗哺乳动物中的疾病或病况的方法,所述疾病或病况选自由以下组成的组:疼痛(pain)、抑郁(depression)、心血管疾病(cardiovascular diseases)、呼吸疾病(respiratory diseases)和精神疾病(psychiatric diseases)以及它们的组合,其中所述方法包括向需要其的哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的如本文所述的化合物或其药用盐。在本发明的另一个方面,所述疾病或病况选自由以下组成的组:神经性疼痛(neuropathic pain)、炎性疼痛(inflammatory pain)、内脏疼痛(visceral pain)、癌性疼痛(cancer pain)、化疗疼痛(chemotherapy pain)、创伤疼痛(trauma pain)、手术疼痛(surgical pain)、术后疼痛(post-surgical pain)、分娩疼痛(childbirth pain)、产痛(labor pain)、神经原性膀胱障碍(neurogenic bladder)、溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis)、慢性疼痛(chronic pain)、持续性疼痛(persistentpain)、外周介导性疼痛(peripherally mediated pain)、中枢介导性疼痛(centrallymediated pain)、慢性头痛(chronic headache)、偏头痛(migraine headache)、窦性头痛(sinus headache)、紧张性头痛(tension headache)、幻肢痛(phantom limb pain)、牙痛(dental pain)、周围神经损伤(peripheral nerve injury)或者它们的组合。在本发明的另一个方面,所述疾病或病况选自由以下组成的组:与HIV有关的疼痛、HIV治疗诱发的神经病变(neuropathy)、三叉神经痛(trigeminal neuralgia)、疱疹后神经痛(post-herpeticneuralgia)、急性痛(eudynia)、热敏感性(heat sensitivity)、结节病(tosarcoidosis)、肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome)、克罗恩病(Crohns disease)、与多发性硬化(multiple sclerosis,MS)有关的疼痛、肌萎缩性侧索硬化(amyotrophic lateralsclerosis,ALS)、糖尿病性神经病变(diabetic neuropathy)、周围神经病变(peripheralneuropathy)、关节炎(arthritis)、类风湿性关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis)、骨关节炎(osteoarthritis)、动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis)、阵发性肌张力障碍(paroxysmaldystonia)、肌无力综合征(myasthenia syndromes)、肌强直(myotonia)、恶性高热(malignant hyperthermia)、囊性纤维化(cystic fibrosis)、假性醛固酮增多症(pseudoaldosteronism)、横纹肌溶解(rhabdomyolysis)、甲状腺功能减退(hypothyroidism)、双相抑郁(bipolar depression)、焦虑(anxiety)、精神分裂症(schizophrenia)、钠通道毒素相关的疾病(sodium channel toxin related illnesses)、家族性红斑性肢痛症(familial erythromelalgia)、原发性红斑性肢痛症(primaryerythromelalgia)、家族性直肠痛(familial rectal pain)、癌症(cancer)、癫痫(epilepsy)、局部性和全身性强直发作(partial and general tonic seizures)、不宁腿综合征(restless leg syndrome)、心律失常(arrhythmias)、纤维肌痛(fibromyalgia)、在由卒中(stroke)或神经创伤(neural trauma)引起的缺血状况下的神经保护(neuroprotection)、快速性心律失常(tach-arrhythmias)、心房纤颤(atrialfibrillation)和心室纤颤(ventricular fibrillation)。
在另一个方面,本发明提供了一种通过抑制哺乳动物中通过电压依赖性钠通道的离子通量来治疗哺乳动物中的疼痛的方法,其中所述方法包括向需要其的哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的如本文所述的化合物或其药用盐。
在另一个方面,本发明提供了一种减少哺乳动物的细胞中通过电压依赖性钠通道的离子通量的方法,其中所述方法包括使所述细胞与如本文所述的化合物或其药用盐接触。
在另一个方面,本发明提供了一种治疗哺乳动物中的瘙痒(pruritus)的方法,其中所述方法包括向需要其的哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的本发明化合物或其药用盐。
在另一个方面,本发明提供了一种治疗哺乳动物中的癌症的方法,其中所述方法包括向需要其的哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的如本文所述的化合物或其药用盐。
在另一个方面,本发明提供了一种治疗但不预防哺乳动物中的疼痛的方法,其中所述方法包括向需要其的哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的如本文所述的化合物或其药用盐。在本发明的另一个方面,疼痛选自由以下组成的组:神经性疼痛、炎性疼痛、内脏疼痛、癌性疼痛、化疗疼痛、创伤疼痛、手术疼痛、术后疼痛、分娩疼痛、产痛、神经原性膀胱障碍、溃疡性结肠炎、慢性疼痛、持续性疼痛、外周介导性疼痛、中枢介导性疼痛、慢性头痛、偏头痛、窦性头痛、紧张性头痛、幻肢痛、牙痛、周围神经损伤或者它们的组合。在本发明的另一个方面,疼痛与选自由以下组成的组的疾病或病况有关:HIV、HIV治疗诱发的神经病变、三叉神经痛、疱疹后神经痛、急性痛、热敏感性、结节病、肠易激综合征、克罗恩病、与多发性硬化(MS)有关的疼痛、肌萎缩性侧索硬化(ALS)、糖尿病性神经病变、周围神经病变、关节炎、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、动脉粥样硬化、阵发性肌张力障碍、肌无力综合征、肌强直、恶性高热、囊性纤维化、假性醛固酮增多症、横纹肌溶解、甲状腺功能减退、双相抑郁、焦虑、精神分裂症、钠通道毒素相关的疾病、家族性红斑性肢痛症、原发性红斑性肢痛症、家族性直肠痛、癌症、癫痫、局部性和全身性强直发作、不宁腿综合征、心律失常、纤维肌痛、在由卒中或神经创伤引起的缺血状况下的神经保护、快速性心律失常、心房纤颤和心室纤颤。
在另一个方面,本发明提供了一种用于治疗或预防动物中的疼痛、抑郁、心血管疾病、呼吸疾病或精神疾病或者它们的组合,所述方法包括施用有效量的如本文所述的化合物或其药用盐。
在另一个方面,本发明提供了如本文所述的化合物或其药用盐,其用作药物,所述药物用于治疗选自由以下组成的组的疾病和病症:疼痛、抑郁、心血管疾病、呼吸疾病和精神疾病或者它们的组合。
在另一个方面,本发明提供了如本文所述的化合物或其药用盐用于制备药物的用途,所述药物用于治疗选自由以下组成的组的疾病和病症:疼痛、抑郁、心血管疾病、呼吸疾病和精神疾病或者它们的组合。
在另一个方面,本发明提供了如本文所述的发明。
发明详述
定义
除非另外指明,否则如本文中所使用的,术语”烷基”本身或作为另一个取代基的一部分意指具有指定碳原子数的直链或支链烃基(即,C1-8意指一至八个碳)。烷基基团的实例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、叔丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、正己基、正庚基、正辛基等。
术语“烷氧基”、“烷基氨基”和“烷硫基”以其常规意义使用,并且是指经由氧原子(“氧基”)、氨基基团(“氨基”)或硫基基团与分子的其余部分连接的那些烷基基团。另外,对于二烷基氨基基团,烷基部分可以是相同或不同的。
除非另外指明,术语“卤代”本身或作为另一个取代基的一部分意指氟、氯、溴或碘原子。
术语“卤代(C1-x烷基)”是指具有1-x个碳原子并且被一个或多个(例如1、2、3、4、5或6个)卤素基团取代的烷基。例如,该术语包括被一个或多个卤素基团取代的具有1-6个碳原子的烷基基团。术语卤代(C1-C6烷基)的非限制性实例包括氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、氯甲基和2,2,2-三氟乙基。
术语“卤代(C1-x烷氧基)”是指具有1-x个碳原子并且被一个或多个(例如1、2、3、4、5或6个)卤素基团取代的烷氧基基团。例如,该术语包括被一个或多个卤素基团取代的具有1-6个碳原子的烷氧基基团。术语卤代(C1-C6烷基)的非限制性实例包括氟甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、氯甲氧基和2,2,2-三氟乙氧基。
如本文中所使用的术语“芳基”是指单个全碳芳环,或者其中至少一个环是芳族的多稠合全碳环体系。例如,在某些实施方案中,芳基基团具有6至12个碳原子。芳基包括苯基基团。芳基还包括具有约9至12个碳原子的多稠合环体系(例如,包含2、3或4个环的环体系),其中至少一个环是芳族的,并且其中其他环可以是芳族的或非芳族的(即,碳环)。这样的多稠合环体系任选地在多稠合环体系的任何碳环部分上被一个或多个(例如,1、2或3个)氧代基团取代。多稠合环体系的环可以在符合价键要求的情况下通过稠合、螺键和桥键彼此连接。应理解的是,如上定义的,多稠合环体系的连接点可以位于环体系的任何位置,包括环的芳族或碳环部分。芳基基团的的非限制性实例包括但不限于苯基、茚基、萘基、1,2,3,4-四氢萘基等。
术语“碳环”或“碳环基”是指具有3至7个碳原子的单个饱和(即环烷基)或单个部分不饱和(例如环烯基、环二烯基等)的全碳环(即(C3-C7)碳环)。术语“碳环”或“碳环基”还包括饱和和不饱和的多稠合全碳环体系(例如,包含2、3或4个碳环的环体系)。因此,碳环包括多环碳环,诸如二环碳环(例如,具有约6至15个或6至12个碳原子的二环碳环,诸如二环[3.1.0]己烷和二环[2.1.1]己烷),以及多环碳环(例如,具有多达约15个碳原子的三环和四环碳环)。多稠合环体系的环可以在符合价键要求的情况下通过稠合、螺键和桥键彼此连接。例如,多环碳环可以经由单个碳原子彼此连接以形成螺环连接(例如,螺戊烷、螺[4,5]癸烷等),经由两个相邻碳原子彼此连接以形成稠合连接(例如,诸如十氢萘、norsabinane、降蒈烷的碳环),或者经由两个非相连碳原子彼此连接以形成桥接连接(例如,降冰片烷、二环[2.2.2]辛烷等)。“碳环”或“碳环基”也可以任选地被一个或多个(例如1、2或3个)氧代基团取代。在一个实施方案中,术语碳环包括C3-15碳环。在一个实施方案中,术语碳环包括C3-12碳环。在一个实施方案中,术语碳环包括C3-8碳环。在一个实施方案中,术语碳环包括C3-6碳环。在一个实施方案中,术语碳环包括C3-5碳环。碳环的非限制性实例包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、1-环戊-1-烯基、1-环戊-2-烯基、1-环戊-3-烯基、环己基、1-环已-1-烯基、1-环已-2-烯基、二环[2.2.1]庚烷、蒎烷、金刚烷、降冰片烯、螺环C5-12烷烃和1-环已-3-烯基。在一个实施方案中,术语“环烷基”是指具有3至8个碳原子的单个饱和全碳环。碳环的非限制性实例包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基和环己基。
如本文中所使用的术语“杂芳基”是指在环中具有至少一个除碳以外的原子的单个芳环,其中所述原子选自由氧、氮和硫组成的组;“杂芳基”还包括具有至少一个这样的芳环的多稠合环体系,所述多稠合环体系是如以下进一步描述的。因此,“杂芳基”包括具有约1至6个碳原子以及选自由氧、氮和硫组成的组的约1-4个杂原子的单个芳环。硫和氮原子也可以以氧化形式存在,条件是所述环是芳族的。示例性的杂芳环体系包括但不限于吡啶基、嘧啶基、噁唑基或呋喃基。“杂芳基”还包括多稠合环体系(例如,包含2、3或4个环的环体系),其中如上定义的,杂芳基基团与选自以下的一个或多个环稠合:杂芳基(以形成例如萘啶基,诸如1,8-萘啶基)、杂环(以形成例如1,2,3,4-四氢萘啶基,诸如1,2,3,4-四氢-1,8-萘啶基)、碳环(以形成例如5,6,7,8-四氢喹啉基)和芳基(以形成例如吲唑基),从而形成多稠合环体系。因此,杂芳基(单个芳环或多稠合环体系)在杂芳环内具有约1-20个碳原子和约1-6个杂原子。杂芳基(单个芳环或多稠合环体系)在杂芳环内也可以具有约5至12个或约5至10个成员。多稠合环体系可以任选地在稠环的碳环或杂环部分上被一个或多个(例如,1、2、3或4个)氧代基团取代。多稠合环体系的环可以在符合价键要求的情况下通过稠合、螺键和桥键彼此连接。应理解的是,多稠合环体系的各个环可以相对于彼此以任何顺序连接。还应理解的是,多稠合环体系(如上对于杂芳基所定义的)的连接点可以位于多稠合环体系的任何位置,包括多稠合环体系的杂芳基、杂环、芳基或碳环部分。还应理解的是,杂芳基或杂芳基多稠合环体系的连接点可以在杂芳基或杂芳基多稠合环体系的任何适合的原子(包括碳原子和杂原子(例如氮))处。示例性的杂芳基包括但不限于:吡啶基、吡咯基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、吡唑基、噻吩基、吲哚基、咪唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、呋喃基、噁二唑基、噻二唑基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、苯并噻唑基、苯并噁唑基、吲唑基、喹喔啉基、喹唑啉基、5,6,7,8-四氢异喹啉基、苯并呋喃基、苯并咪唑基、硫茚基、吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶基、喹唑啉基-4(3H)-酮、三唑基、4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-吲唑和3b,4,4a,5-四氢-1H-环丙[3,4]环-戊[1,2-c]吡唑。在一个实施方案中,术语“杂芳基”是指含有至少一个杂原子的单个芳环。例如,该术语包括包含一个或多个杂原子的5元和6元单环芳环。杂芳基的非限制性实例包括但不限于吡啶基、呋喃基、噻唑、嘧啶、噁唑和噻二唑。
如本文中所使用的术语“杂环基”或“杂环”是指在环中具有至少一个除碳以外的原子的单个饱和或部分不饱和环,其中所述原子选自由氧、氮和硫组成的组;该术语还包括具有至少一个这样的饱和或部分不饱和环的多稠合环体系,所述多稠合环体系是如以下进一步描述的。因此,该术语包括单个的饱和或部分不饱和环(例如,3、4、5、6或7元环),其在环中具有约1至6个碳原子以及选自由氧、氮和硫组成的组的约1至3个杂原子。该环可以被一个或多个(例如,1、2或3个)氧代基团取代,并且硫和氮原子也可以以它们的氧化形式存在。示例性的杂环包括但不限于氮杂环丁基(azetidinyl)、四氢呋喃基和哌啶基。术语“杂环”还包括多稠合环体系(例如,包含2、3或4个环的环体系),其中单个杂环(如上所定义的)可以与选自杂环(以形成例如1,8-十氢萘啶基)、碳环(以形成例如十氢喹啉基)和芳基的一个或多个基团稠合以形成多稠合环体系。因此,杂环(单个饱和或单个部分不饱和环或者多稠合环体系)在杂环内具有约2-20个碳原子和1-6个杂原子。这样的多稠合环体系可以任选地在多稠合环的碳环或杂环部分上被一个或多个(例如,1、2、3或4个)氧代基团取代。多稠合环体系的环可以在符合价键要求的情况下通过稠合、螺键和桥键彼此连接。应理解的是,多稠合环体系的各个环可以相对于彼此以任何顺序连接。因此,杂环(单个饱和或单个部分不饱和环或者多稠合环体系)在杂环环体系内具有约3-20个原子(包括约1-6个杂原子)。还应理解的是,多稠合环体系(如上对于杂环所定义的)的连接点可以位于多稠合环体系的任何位置,包括环的杂环、芳基和碳环部分。还应理解的是,杂环或杂环多稠合环体系的连接点可以在杂环或杂环多稠合环体系的任何适合的原子(包括碳原子和杂原子(例如氮))处。在一个实施方案中,术语杂环包括C2-20杂环。在一个实施方案中,术语杂环包括C2-7杂环。在一个实施方案中,术语杂环包括C2-5杂环。在一个实施方案中,术语杂环包括C2-4杂环。示例性的杂环包括但不限于:氮杂环丙基(aziridinyl)、氮杂环丁基、吡咯烷基、哌啶基、高哌啶基、吗啉基、硫吗啉基、哌嗪基、四氢呋喃基、二氢噁唑基、四氢吡喃基、四氢噻喃基、1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉基、苯并噁嗪基、二氢噁唑基、色满基、1,2-二氢吡啶基、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃基、1,3-苯并间二氧杂环戊烯基、1,4-苯并二噁烷基、螺[环丙烷-1,1’-异吲哚啉基]-3’-酮、异吲哚啉基-1-酮、2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚基、咪唑烷-2-酮N-甲基哌啶、咪唑烷、吡唑烷、丁内酰胺、戊内酰胺、咪唑烷酮、乙内酰脲、二氧戊环、邻苯二甲酰亚胺、1,4-二噁烷、硫吗啉、硫吗啉-S-氧化物、硫吗啉-S,S-氧化物、吡喃、3-吡咯啉、噻喃、吡喃酮、四氢噻吩、奎宁环、托烷、2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷、(1R,5S)-3-氮杂二环[3.2.1]辛烷、(1s,4s)-2-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷、(1R,4R)-2-氧杂-5-氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷和吡咯烷-2-酮。在一个实施方案中,术语“杂环”是指单环的饱和或部分不饱和的具有至少一个杂原子的3-8元环。例如,该术语包括单环的饱和或部分不饱和的具有至少一个杂原子的4、5、6或7元环。杂环的非限制性实例包括氮杂环丙烷、氮杂环丁烷、吡咯烷、哌啶、哌啶、哌嗪、氧杂环丙烷、吗啉和硫吗啉。如本文中所使用的术语“9元或10元杂二环”是指部分不饱和的或芳族的具有至少一个杂原子的稠合二环环体系。例如,术语9元或10元杂二环包括具有与含有一个或多个杂原子的5元或6元饱和环、部分不饱和环或芳环稠合的苯并环的二环环体系。
如本文中所使用的,术语“杂原子”意指包括氧(O)、氮(N)、硫(S)和硅(Si)。当可行时,氮和硫可以处于氧化形式。
如本文中所使用的,术语“手性”是指具有镜像配对物不可重叠性质的分子,而术语“非手性”是指可在其镜像配对物上重叠的分子。
如本文中所使用的,术语“立体异构体”是指具有相同化学组成、但是原子或基团在空间上的排列不同的化合物。
“非对映异构体”是指具有两个或更多个手性中心并且其分子不是彼此成镜像的立体异构体。非对映异构体具有不同的物理性质,例如熔点、沸点、光谱性质和反应性。非对映异构体的混合物可以通过高分辨分析程序(诸如电泳和色谱)分离。
“对映异构体”是指作为彼此的不可重叠镜像的化合物的两种立体异构体。
本文中使用的立体化学定义和约定一般遵循S.P.Parker编辑,McGraw-HillDictionary of Chemical Terms(McGraw-Hill化学术语词典)(1984)McGraw-Hill BookCompany,New York;以及Eliel,E.和Wilen,S.,“Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds(有机化合物的立体化学)”,John Wiley&Sons,Inc.,New York,1994。本发明的化合物可以含有不对称或手性中心,并且因此以不同的立体异构形式存在。本发明的化合物的所有立体异构形式(包括但不限于非对映异构体、对映异构体和阻转异构体,以及其混合物,诸如外消旋混合物)都旨在形成本发明的一部分。许多有机化合物以旋光形式存在,即,它们能够使平面偏振光的平面旋转。在描述旋光化合物时,前缀D和L或R和S用于指示分子关于其一个或多个手性中心的绝对构型。前缀d和l或(+)和(-)被用于指明化合物的平面偏振光的旋转标志,其中(-)或l意指化合物是左旋的。具有前缀(+)或d的化合物是右旋的。对于给定的化学结构,这些立体异构体是相同的,除了它们是彼此的镜像以外。具体的立体异构体还可以被称为对映异构体,并且这样的异构体的混合物经常被称为对映体混合物。对映异构体的50:50混合物被称为外消旋混合物或外消旋体,其可以在化学反应或过程中已经不存在立体选择性或立体特异性的情况下出现。术语“外消旋混合物”和“外消旋体”是指两个对映体物质的等摩尔混合物,不具有旋光性。
当本文中的化合物结构式中的键以非立体化学方式(例如平的)绘制时,该键所连接的原子包括所有立体化学可能性。当本文中的化合物结构式中的键以确定的立体化学方式(例如粗体、粗体-楔形、虚线或虚线-楔形)绘制时,应理解的是除非另有说明,该立体化学键所连接的原子在所描绘的绝对立体异构体中是富裕的。在一个实施方案中,化合物可以是至少51%的所描绘的绝对立体异构体。在另一个实施方案中,化合物可以是至少80%的所描绘的绝对立体异构体。在另一个实施方案中,化合物可以是至少90%的所描绘的绝对立体异构体。在另一个实施方案中,化合物可以是至少95%的所描绘的绝对立体异构体。在另一个实施方案中,化合物可以是至少97%的所描绘的绝对立体异构体。在另一个实施方案中,化合物可以是至少98%的所描绘的绝对立体异构体。在另一个实施方案中,化合物可以是至少99%的所描绘的绝对立体异构体。
如本文中所使用的,术语“互变异构体”或“互变异构形式”是指可通过低能垒互相转化的不同能量的结构异构体。例如,质子互变异构体(也称为质子移变互变异构体(prototropic tautomer))包括通过质子迁移进行的互相转化,诸如酮-烯醇和亚胺-烯胺异构化。价键互变异构体(Valence tautomer)包括通过一些键合电子的重组进行的互相转化。
如本文中所使用的,术语“溶剂化物”是指一个或多个溶剂分子和本发明的化合物的缔合物或配合物。形成溶剂化物的溶剂的实例包括但不限于水、异丙醇、乙醇、甲醇、DMSO、乙酸乙酯、乙酸和乙醇胺。术语“水合物”是指其中溶剂分子为水的配合物。
如本文中所使用的,术语“保护基”是指通常用于封闭或保护化合物上的特定官能团的取代基。例如,“氨基保护基”是封闭或保护化合物中的氨基官能团的连接至氨基基团的取代基。合适的氨基保护基包括乙酰基、三氟乙酰基、叔丁氧基羰基(BOC)、苄氧基羰基(CBZ)和9-芴基亚甲氧基羰基(Fmoc)。类似地,“羟基保护基”是指封闭或保护羟基官能团的羟基基团的取代基。合适的保护基包括乙酰基和甲硅烷基。“羧基保护基”是指封闭或保护羧基官能团的羧基基团的取代基。常见的羧基保护基包括苯基磺酰基乙基、氰基乙基、2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙基、2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基甲基、2-(对甲苯磺酰基)乙基、2-(对硝基苯基亚磺酰基)乙基、2-(二苯基膦基)-乙基、硝基乙基等。对于保护基及其用途的一般描述,请参见P.G.M.Wuts和T.W.Greene,Greene’s Protective Groups in OrganicSynthesis第4版,Wiley-Interscience,New York,2006。
如本文中所使用的,术语“哺乳动物”包括但不限于人、小鼠、大鼠、豚鼠、猴、狗、猫、马、牛、猪和羊。
如本文中所使用的,Y是“H2”意指Y是两个氢,与Y所连接的碳一起形成CH2。
如本文中所使用的,术语“药用盐”意指包括用相对无毒的酸或碱制备的活性化合物的盐,这取决于在本文所述的化合物上存在的具体取代基。当本发明的化合物含有相对酸性的官能团时,可以通过将中性形式的这样的化合物与足够量的所需碱在纯净(neat)情况下或在合适的惰性溶剂中接触而获得碱加成盐。来源于药用无机碱的盐的实例包括铝、铵、钙、铜、铁、亚铁、锂、镁、锰、亚锰、钾、钠、锌等。来源于药用有机碱的盐包括以下各项的盐:伯、仲和叔胺,包括取代胺,环胺,天然存在的胺等,诸如精氨酸、甜菜碱、咖啡因、胆碱、N,N’-二苄基乙二胺、二乙胺、2-二乙基氨基乙醇、2-二甲基氨基乙醇、乙醇胺、乙二胺、N-乙基吗啉、N-乙基哌啶、葡萄糖胺、氨基葡萄糖、组氨酸、海巴明(hydrabamine)、异丙胺、赖氨酸、甲基葡萄糖胺、吗啉、哌嗪、哌啶、聚胺树脂、普鲁卡因、嘌呤、可可碱、三乙胺、三甲胺、三丙胺、氨丁三醇等。当本发明的化合物含有相对碱性的官能团时,可以通过将中性形式的这样的化合物与足够量的所需酸在纯净(neat)情况下或在合适的惰性溶剂中接触而获得酸加成盐。药用酸加成盐的实例包括来源于无机酸(如盐酸、氢溴酸、硝酸、碳酸、单氢碳酸、磷酸、单氢磷酸、二氢磷酸、硫酸、单氢硫酸、氢碘酸或亚磷酸等)的那些,以及来源于相对无毒的有机酸(如乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、丙二酸、苯甲酸、琥珀酸、辛二酸、富马酸、扁桃酸、邻苯二甲酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、甲磺酸等)的盐。还包括氨基酸的盐诸如精氨酸盐等,以及有机酸(如葡萄糖醛酸或半乳糖醛酸等)的盐(参见例如Berge,S.M.等人,“Pharmaceutical Salts”,Journal of Pharmaceutical Science,1977,66,1-19)。本发明的某些具体化合物含有碱性和酸性官能团二者,这允许该化合物转化为碱加成盐或酸加成盐。
化合物的中性形式可以通过使盐与碱或酸接触并且以常规方式分离母体化合物而再生。化合物的母体形式与各种盐形式在某些物理性质上不同,所述物理性质诸如在极性溶剂中的溶解性,但是在其他方面对于本发明目的而言,盐与化合物的母体形式相当。
除盐形式以外,本发明还提供前药形式的化合物。如本文中所使用的,术语“前药”是指在生理条件下容易发生化学变化以提供本发明化合物的那些化合物。另外,前药可以通过化学或生物化学方法在离体环境中转化为本发明的化合物。例如,当将前药置于具有合适的酶或化学试剂的透皮贴剂储库中时,前药可以缓慢转化为本发明的化合物。
本发明的前药包括这样的化合物,其中氨基酸残基或两个以上(例如,两个、三个或四个)氨基酸残基的多肽链通过酰胺或酯键共价连接至本发明的化合物的游离氨基、羟基或羧酸基团。氨基酸残基包括但不限于20种天然存在的氨基酸(通常以三字母符号表示),并且还包括磷酸丝氨酸、磷酸苏氨酸、磷酸酪氨酸、4-羟基脯氨酸、羟基赖氨酸、锁链赖氨酸(demosine)、异锁链赖氨酸、γ-羧基谷氨酸、马尿酸、八氢吲哚-2-甲酸、抑胃酶氨酸(statine)、1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-3-甲酸、青霉胺、鸟氨酸、3-甲基鸟氨酸、正缬氨酸、β-丙氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸、瓜氨酸、高半胱氨酸、高丝氨酸、甲基丙氨酸、对苯甲酰苯基丙氨酸、苯基甘氨酸、炔丙基甘氨酸、肌氨酸、蛋氨酸砜和叔丁基甘氨酸。
还包括了另外类型的前药。例如,本发明的化合物的游离羧基可以衍生为酰胺或烷基酯。作为另一个实例,包含游离羟基的本发明化合物可以通过将羟基转化为诸如但不限于磷酸酯、半琥珀酸酯、二甲基氨基乙酸酯或磷酰氧基甲氧基羰基的基团而衍生为前药,如Fleisher,D.等人,(1996)Improved oral drug delivery:solubility limitationsovercome by the use of prodrugs Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews,19:115中所述。还包括羟基和氨基的氨基甲酸酯前药,羟基的碳酸酯前药、磺酸酯和硫酸酯也是如此。还包括将羟基衍生为(酰氧基)甲基醚和(酰氧基)乙基醚,其中酰基可以是任选地被包括但不限于醚、胺和羧酸官能团的基团取代的烷基酯,或者其中酰基是如上所述的氨基酸酯。J.Med.Chem.,(1996),39:10中描述了该类型的前药。更多具体实例包括用诸如(C1-6)烷酰氧基甲基、1-((C1-6)烷酰氧基)乙基、1-甲基-1-((C1-6)烷酰氧基)乙基、(C1-6)烷氧基羰基氧基甲基、N-(C1-6)烷氧基羰基氨基甲基、琥珀酰基、(C1-6)烷酰基、α-氨基(C1-4)烷酰基、芳酰基和α-氨酰基或α-氨酰基-α-氨酰基之类的基团替代醇基团的氢原子,其中每个α-氨酰基独立地选自天然存在的L-氨基酸、P(O)(OH)2、-P(O)(O(C1-6)烷基)2或糖基(由移除半缩醛形式的糖类的羟基产生的基团)。
对于前药衍生物的另外的实例,参见例如,a)Design of Prodrugs,H.Bundgaard编辑,(Elsevier,1985)和Methods in Enzymology,第42卷,p.309-396,K.Widder等人编辑(Academic Press,1985);b)A Textbook of Drug Design and Development,Krogsgaard-Larsen和H.Bundgaard编辑,第5章“Design and Application of Prodrugs”,H.Bundgaardp.113-191(1991);c)H.Bundgaard,Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews,8:1-38(1992);d)H.Bundgaard等人,Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,77:285(1988);以及e)N.Kakeya等人,Chem.Pharm.Bull.,32:692(1984),它们中的每一个都通过引用具体结合于此。
另外,本发明提供了本发明化合物的代谢物。如本文中所使用的,“代谢物”是指通过在体内代谢特定化合物或其盐而产生的产物。这样的产物可以例如由施用的化合物的氧化、还原、水解、酰胺化、脱酰胺化、酯化、脱酯化、酶促裂解等产生。
代谢产物通常通过以下方式鉴定:制备本发明化合物的放射性标记(例如,14C或3H)同位素,将其以可检测剂量(例如,大于约0.5mg/kg)肠胃外施用至动物如大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠、猴或施用至人,允许有足够的时间进行代谢(通常约30秒至30小时)并且从尿液、血液或其他生物样品中分离其转化产物。这些产物易于分离,因为它们被标记(其他通过使用能够结合在代谢物中存活的表位的抗体来分离)。代谢物结构以常规方式测定,例如通过MS、LC/MS或NMR分析。通常,以与本领域技术人员公知的常规药物代谢研究相同的方式进行代谢物的分析。只要代谢物产物在体内没有以其他方式发现,它们就可用于治疗性给药本发明化合物的诊断试验中。
药物组合物和施用
除了以上提供的一种或多种化合物(或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物、同位素、药用盐或前药)以外,本发明还提供组合物和药物,其包含本发明的化合物和至少一种药用载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。本发明的组合物可以用于选择性地抑制患者(例如人)中的NaV1.7。
如本文中所使用的,术语“组合物”旨在包括包含特定量的特定成分的产品,以及直接或间接地由特定量的特定成分的组合产生的任何产品。“药用”意指载体、稀释剂或赋形剂必须与制剂的其他成分相容并且对其接受者无害。
在一个实施方案中,本发明提供了药物组合物(或药物),其包含如本文所述的化合物及其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物、同位素、药用盐或前药),以及药用载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供了制备包含本发明化合物的组合物(或药物)。在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供了将本发明的化合物或和包含本发明的化合物的组合物施用至需要其的患者(例如人患者)。
组合物以与良好医学实践相一致的方式来配制、给药和施用。在这种情况下考虑的因素包括所治疗的具体病症、所治疗的具体哺乳动物、个体患者的临床状况、病症的病因、药剂的递送位点、施用方法、施用时间表以及医学从业者已知的其他因素。待施用的化合物的有效量将由这样的考虑决定,并且是如预防或治疗不期望的疾病或病症如例如疼痛所需要的抑制NaV1.7活性所需的最小量。例如,这样的量可以低于对正常细胞或哺乳动物整体具有毒性的量。
在一个实例中,每剂量肠胃外施用的本发明化合物的治疗有效量的范围将为约0.01-100mg/kg、备选地约例如0.1至20mg/kg患者体重/天,所使用的化合物的典型初始范围为0.3至15mg/kg/天。在某些实施方案中,作为单日剂量或以每日两次至六次的分次剂量或以缓释形式给予日剂量。在70kg成年人的情况下,总日剂量将通常为约7mg至约1,400mg。可以调整该剂量方案以提供最佳治疗反应。化合物可以以每天1至4次的方案施用,优选每天一次或两次。
本发明的化合物可以以任何方便的施用形式施用,例如片剂、粉剂、胶囊、溶液剂、分散剂、混悬剂、糖浆剂、喷雾剂、栓剂、凝胶剂、乳剂、贴剂等。这样的组合物可以含有药物制备中的常规组分,例如稀释剂、载体、pH调节剂、甜味剂、填充剂和其他活性剂。
本发明的化合物可以通过任何合适的方式施用,包括经口、局部(包括颊部和舌下)、直肠、阴道、经皮、肠胃外、皮下、腹膜内、肺内、皮内、鞘内和硬膜外和鼻内、以及病灶内(如果对于局部治疗需要)施用。肠胃外输注包括肌内、静脉内、动脉内、腹膜内、脑内、眼内、病灶内或皮下施用。
包含如本文所述的化合物或其实施方案的组合物通常按照标准药学实践配制成药物组合物。通过将本发明的化合物与稀释剂、载体或赋形剂混合来制备典型的制剂。合适的稀释剂、载体和赋形剂对于本领域技术人员是公知的,并且详细描述于例如Ansel,Howard C.等人,Ansel’s Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug DeliverySystems.Philadelphia:Lippincott,Williams&Wilkins,2004;Gennaro,Alfonso R.等人Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy.Philadelphia:Lippincott,Williams&Wilkins,2000;和Rowe,Raymond C.Handbook of PharmaceuticalExcipients.Chicago,Pharmaceutical Press,2005中。制剂还可以包含一种或多种缓冲剂、稳定剂、表面活性剂、润湿剂、润滑剂、乳化剂、悬浮剂、防腐剂、抗氧化剂、遮光剂、助流剂、加工助剂、着色剂、甜味剂、芳香剂、调味剂、稀释剂和其他已知的添加剂以提供药物(即,本发明的化合物或其药物组合物)的雅致呈现或帮助制备药物产品(即药物)。
合适的载体、稀释剂和赋形剂对于本领域技术人员是公知的,并且包括诸如碳水化合物、蜡、水溶性和/或溶胀性聚合物、亲水性或疏水性材料、明胶、油、溶剂、水等的材料。所使用的特定载体、稀释剂或赋形剂将取决于应用本发明化合物的方式和目的。通常基于本领域技术人员认为对于施用至哺乳动物是安全的(GRAS)的溶剂来选择溶剂。通常,安全的溶剂是无毒水性溶剂,诸如水和在水中可溶或可混溶的其他无毒溶剂。合适的水性溶剂包括水、乙醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇(例如PEG 400,PEG 300)等,以及它们的混合物。制剂还可以包含一种或多种缓冲剂、稳定剂、表面活性剂、润湿剂、润滑剂、乳化剂、悬浮剂、防腐剂、抗氧化剂、遮光剂、助流剂、加工助剂、着色剂、甜味剂、芳香剂、调味剂和其他已知的添加剂以提供药物(即,本发明的化合物或其药物组合物)的雅致呈现或帮助制备药物产品(即药物)。
可接受的稀释剂、载体、赋形剂和稳定剂在采用的剂量和浓度下对接受者无毒,并且包括:缓冲剂,诸如磷酸盐、柠檬酸盐和其他有机酸;抗氧化剂,包括抗坏血酸和甲硫氨酸;防腐剂(诸如氯化十八烷基二甲基苄基铵(octadecyldimethylbenzyl ammoniumchloride);六甲氯铵(hexamethonium chloride);苯扎氯铵(benzalkonium chloride)、苄索氯铵(benzethonium chloride);苯酚、丁醇或苯甲醇;对羟基苯甲酸烷基酯,诸如对羟基苯甲酸甲酯或丙酯;儿茶酚;间苯二酚(resorcinol);环己醇;3-戊醇;和间甲酚);低分子量(少于约10个残基的)多肽;蛋白质,诸如血清白蛋白、明胶或免疫球蛋白;亲水聚合物,诸如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;氨基酸,诸如甘氨酸、谷氨酰胺、天冬酰胺、组氨酸、精氨酸或赖氨酸;单糖类、二糖类和其他糖类,包括葡萄糖、甘露糖或糊精;螯合剂,诸如EDTA;糖类,诸如蔗糖、甘露糖醇、海藻糖或山梨糖醇;形成盐的抗衡离子,诸如钠;金属配合物(例如,Zn-蛋白质配合物);和/或非离子表面活性剂,诸如TWEENTM、PLURONICSTM或聚乙二醇(PEG)。本发明的活性药物成分(例如,本发明的化合物)还可以包埋于例如分别通过凝聚技术或通过界面聚合制备的微胶囊(例如,羟甲基纤维素微胶囊或明胶微胶囊和聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)微胶囊)、胶体药物递送系统(例如,脂质体、白蛋白微球体、微乳液、纳米粒子和纳米胶囊)或大乳液(macroemulsion)中。这样的技术公开于Remington:The Science and Practice ofPharmacy:Remington the Science and Practice of Pharmacy(2005)第21版,Lippincott Williams&Wilkins,Philidelphia,PA中。
可以制备化合物的缓释制剂。缓释制剂的合适实例包括含有如本文所述的化合物的固体疏水性聚合物的半透性基质,所述基质处于成形制品(例如,薄膜或微胶囊)形式。缓释基质的实例包括聚酯、水凝胶(例如,聚(2-羟乙基-甲基丙烯酸酯)或聚(乙烯醇))、聚交酯(美国专利号3,773,919)、L-谷氨酸和γ-乙基-L-谷氨酸的共聚物(Sidman等人,Biopolymers 22:547,1983)、不可降解的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(Langer等人,J.Biomed.Mater.Res.15:167,1981)、可降解的乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物诸如LUPRON DEPOTTM(可注射微球,其由乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物和乙酸亮丙瑞林(leuprolide acetate)组成)以及聚-D-(-)-3-羟基丁酸(EP 133,988A)。缓释组合物还包括脂质体包埋的化合物,其可以通过本身已知的方法制备(Epstein等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.82:3688,1985;Hwang等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.77:4030,1980;美国专利号4,485,045和4,544,545;以及EP102,324A)。通常,脂质体是小的(约200-800埃)单层类型,其中脂质含量大于约30mol%胆固醇,所选择的比例被调整用于最佳治疗。
制剂包括适合于本文详述的给药途径的那些。制剂可以方便地以单位剂型存在,并且可以通过制药领域中公知的任何方法制备。技术和制剂通常公开于Remington:TheScience and Practice of Pharmacy:Remington the Science and Practice ofPharmacy(2005)第21版,Lippincott Williams&Wilkins,Philidelphia,PA中。这样的方法包括将活性成分与构成一种或多种辅助成分的载体缔合的步骤。
通常,通过以下方式制备制剂:使活性成分与液体载体、稀释剂或赋形剂或者细碎的固体载体、稀释剂或赋形剂或者二者均匀地且紧密地缔合,然后使产品成形(如果需要)。通过将本发明的化合物与载体、稀释剂或赋形剂混合来制备典型的制剂。可以使用常规溶解和混合程序制备制剂。例如,将大块药物(即,本发明的化合物或化合物的稳定形式(例如,与环糊精衍生物或其他已知配合剂的配合物)在一种或多种上述赋形剂的存在下溶解在合适的溶剂中。本发明的化合物通常配制成药物剂型以提供可容易控制的药物剂型,并且使得患者能够遵守处方方案。
在一个实例中,如本文所述的化合物可以通过在环境温度下、在合适的pH下以及以所需的纯度与生理上可接受的载体(即,在用于盖仑制剂给药形式的剂量和浓度下对接受者无毒的载体)混合进行配制。制剂的pH主要取决于具体的用途和化合物的浓度,但是无论何处,优选范围是约3至约8。在一个实例中,将本发明的化合物在pH 5下在乙酸盐缓冲液中配制。在另一个实施方案中,本发明的化合物是无菌的。化合物可以例如作为固体或无定形组合物、作为冻干制剂或作为水溶液储存。
适合于经口施用的如本文所述的化合物的制剂可以制备成离散单位,诸如丸剂、胶囊、扁囊剂或片剂,各自含有预定量的本发明化合物。
压制片剂可以通过在合适的机器中压制任选地与粘合剂、润滑剂、惰性稀释剂、防腐剂、表面活性剂或分散剂混合的自由流动形式(诸如粉末或颗粒)的活性成分来制备。模制片剂可以通过在合适的机器中模制用惰性液体稀释剂润湿的粉状活性成分的混合物来制备。片剂可以任选地包衣或刻痕(scored),并且任选地配制,以从中提供活性成分的缓释或控释。
片剂、糖锭剂、锭剂、水性或油性混悬剂、可分散粉剂或颗粒、乳剂、硬或软胶囊(例如明胶胶囊)、糖浆或酏剂可以制备用于口服使用。旨在用于口服使用的如本文所述的化合物的制剂可以按照本领域已知的用于制备药物组合物的任何方法制备,并且这样的组合物可以含有一种或多种试剂(包括甜味剂、调味剂、着色剂和防腐剂),以提供可口的制剂。含有与适合于制备片剂的无毒药用赋形剂混合的活性成分的片剂是可接受的。这些赋形剂可以是,例如,惰性稀释剂,诸如碳酸钙或碳酸钠、乳糖、磷酸钙或磷酸钠;成粒剂和崩解剂,诸如玉米淀粉或海藻酸;粘合剂,诸如淀粉、明胶或阿拉伯胶;以及润滑剂,诸如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸或滑石粉。片剂可以是未包衣的,或者可以通过已知技术(包括微囊化)包衣,以延迟在胃肠道中的崩解和吸收,并且从而在较长时间内提供持续作用。例如,可以采用延时材料,诸如单独的或与蜡一起的甘油一硬脂酸酯或甘油二硬脂酸酯。
合适的经口施用形式的实例是含有与约90-30mg无水乳糖、约5-40mg交联羧甲纤维素钠、约5-30mg聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)K30和约1-10mg硬脂酸镁混合的约1mg、5mg、10mg、25mg、30mg、50mg、80mg、100mg、150mg、250mg、300mg和500mg的本发明化合物的片剂。粉状成分首先混合在一起,然后与PVP的溶液混合。所得组合物可以干燥,造粒,与硬脂酸镁混合,并且使用常规设备压制成片剂形式。气溶胶制剂的实例可以通过如下制备:将本发明的化合物(例如5-400mg)溶于合适的缓冲液(例如,磷酸盐缓冲液)中,如有需要可加入张度剂(tonicifier)(例如盐,诸如氯化钠)。溶液可以过滤(例如,使用0.2微米过滤器)以除去杂质和污染物。
为了治疗眼睛或其他外部组织(例如口腔和皮肤),制剂优选作为含有一种或多种活性成分(其量为例如0.075至20%w/w)的局部软膏或乳膏施用。当配制成软膏时,活性成分可以与石蜡的或水可混溶的软膏基剂一起使用。备选地,可以将活性成分与水包油乳膏基剂一起配制成乳膏。如有需要,乳膏基剂的水相可以包括多元醇,即具有两个以上羟基的醇,诸如丙二醇、丁烷1,3-二醇、甘露糖醇、山梨糖醇、甘油和聚乙二醇(包括PEG400)及其混合物。局部制剂可以理想地包括增强活性成分通过皮肤或其他受影响区域的吸收或渗透的化合物。这样的皮肤渗透促进剂的实例包括二甲亚砜和相关类似物。
本发明的乳液的油相可以以已知的方式由已知的成分构成。尽管该相可以仅包含乳化剂,但是期望地包含至少一种乳化剂与脂肪或油或与脂肪和油二者的混合物。优选地,包括亲水乳化剂连同用作稳定剂的亲脂乳化剂。包含油和脂肪二者也是优选的。总之,一种或多种乳化剂与或不与一种或多种稳定剂构成所谓的乳化蜡,并且蜡与油和脂肪一起构成所谓的乳化软膏基剂,其形成乳膏制剂的油性分散相。适用于本发明制剂的乳化剂和乳液稳定剂包括60、80、鲸蜡硬脂醇、苄醇、肉豆蔻醇、单硬脂酸甘油酯和月桂基硫酸钠。
在局部施用的一个方面,期望将有效量的根据本发明的药物组合物施用至目标区域,例如皮肤表面、粘膜等,其与待治疗的外周神经元相邻。该量的范围将通常为每次施用约0.0001mg至约1g的本发明化合物,这取决于待治疗的区域,用途是否为诊断性、预防性或治疗性,症状的严重度,和采用的局部载体的性质。优选的局部制剂是软膏,其中每cc软膏基剂使用约0.001至约50mg的活性成分。药物组合物可以配制成透皮组合物或透皮递送装置(“贴剂”)。这样的组合物包括例如背衬、活性化合物储库、控制膜、衬垫和接触粘合剂。这样的透皮贴剂可以用于根据需要提供本发明化合物的连续脉冲或按需递送。
如本文所述的化合物的水性混悬剂含有与适合于制备水性混悬剂的赋形剂混合的活性物质。这样的赋形剂包括:悬浮剂,诸如羧甲基纤维素钠、交联羧甲纤维素、聚维酮、甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、海藻酸钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、黄蓍胶和阿拉伯胶,以及分散剂或湿润剂,诸如天然存在的磷脂(例如卵磷脂)、环氧烷烃与脂肪酸的缩合产物(例如聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯)、环氧乙烷与长链脂族醇的缩合产物(例如十七烷乙烯氧基鲸蜡醇)、环氧乙烷与来源于脂肪酸和己糖醇酐的偏酯的缩合产物(例如聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇单油酸酯)。水性混悬剂还可以含有一种或多种防腐剂(诸如对羟基苯甲酸乙酯或对羟基苯甲酸正丙酯)、一种或多种着色剂、一种或多种调味剂和一种或多种甜味剂(诸如蔗糖或糖精)。
如本文所述的化合物的制剂可以是无菌的可注射制剂的形式,诸如无菌的可注射水性或油性混悬剂。可以按照已知技术,使用上文已经提及的那些合适的分散剂或润湿剂和悬浮剂来配制该混悬剂。无菌的可注射制剂还可以是在无毒的肠胃外可接受的稀释剂或溶剂中的无菌的可注射溶液或混悬剂,诸如在1,3-丁二醇中的溶液,或者制备成冻干粉末。其中可以采用的可接受的载体和溶剂有水、林格氏溶液(Ringer’s solution)和等渗氯化钠溶液。另外,无菌不挥发性油(fixed oils)通常可以用作溶剂或悬浮介质。对于该目的,可以采用任何温和的不挥发性油,包括合成的甘油单酯或甘油二酯。另外,脂肪酸诸如油酸同样可以用于注射剂的制备。
可以与载体材料组合以产生单一剂型的活性成分的量将根据所治疗的宿主和特定的给药方式而变化。例如,旨在口服施用至人的随时间释放制剂可以含有与适当和方便的量的载体物质混合的大约1至1000mg的活性物质,所述适当和方面的量可以在总组合物的约5至约95%(重量:重量)中变化。可以制备药物组合物以提供可容易测量的施用量。例如,旨在静脉内输注的水溶液可以含有约3至500μg活性成分/毫升溶液,以便可以以约30mL/小时的速率进行合适体积的输注。
适合于肠胃外施用的制剂包括:水性和非水性无菌注射溶液,其可以含有抗氧化剂、缓冲剂、抑菌剂和使制剂与预期接受者的血液等渗的溶质;以及水性和非水性无菌混悬剂,其可以包含悬浮剂和增稠剂。
适于局部施用至眼睛的制剂还包括滴眼剂,其中活性成分溶解或悬浮于合适的载体中,尤其是活性成分的水性溶剂中。优选地,活性成分优选以约0.5至20%w/w、例如约0.5至10%w/w、例如约1.5%w/w的浓度存在于这样的制剂中。
适于在口中局部施用的制剂包括:锭剂,其包含调味基剂(通常是蔗糖和阿拉伯胶或黄蓍胶)中的活性成分;软锭剂,其包含惰性基剂(诸如明胶和甘油,或者蔗糖和阿拉伯胶)中的活性成分;以及漱口水,其包含合适的液体载体中的活性成分。
用于直肠施用的制剂可以作为具有包含例如可可脂或水杨酸盐的合适基剂的栓剂呈现。
适于肺内或经鼻施用的制剂具有例如在0.1至500微米(包括在0.1至500微米的范围内的粒度,以诸如0.5微米、1微米、30微米、35微米等的微米数增量)的范围内的粒度,其通过经由鼻孔快速吸入或通过经由口吸入进行施用以到达肺泡囊。合适的制剂包括活性成分的水性溶液或油性溶液。适于气溶胶或干粉施用的制剂可以根据常规方法制备,并且可以与其他治疗剂(诸如此前用于治疗下述病症的化合物)一起递送。
制剂可以包装在单位剂量或多剂量容器中,例如密封的安瓿和小瓶中,并且可以在冷冻干燥(冻干)条件下储存,仅需要在立即使用前加入无菌液体载体(例如水)以用于注射。临时注射溶液和混悬剂由前述类型的无菌粉末、颗粒和片剂制备。优选的单位剂量制剂是含有如上文所述的日剂量或单位日亚剂量或其适当部分(fraction)的活性成分的那些制剂。
当结合靶标位于脑中时,本发明的某些实施方案提供如本文所述的化合物以穿过血脑屏障。某些神经变性疾病与血脑屏障的渗透性增加有关,使得本发明的化合物可以容易地引入脑中。当血脑屏障保持完整时,存在几种本领域已知的方法用于跨越血脑屏障运输分子,包括但不限于物理方法、基于脂质的方法以及基于受体和通道的方法。
跨越血脑屏障运输如本文所述的化合物的物理方法包括但不限于完全绕过血脑屏障,或通过在血脑屏障中产生开口来绕过血脑屏障。
绕过方法包括但不限于:直接注射到脑中(参见例如Papanastassiou等人,GeneTherapy 9:398-406,2002),间质输注/对流增强递送(参见例如Bobo等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.91:2076-2080,1994),和在脑中植入递送装置(参见例如Gill等人,Nature Med.9:589-595,2003;以及Gliadel WafersTM,GuildfordPharmaceutical)。在屏障中产生开口的方法包括但不限于超声(参见例如美国专利公开号2002/0038086),渗透压(例如,通过施用高渗甘露糖醇(Neuwelt,E.A.,Implication ofthe Blood-Brain Barrier and its Manipulation,第1和2卷,Plenum Press,N.Y.,1989)),以及通过例如缓激肽或透化剂A-7的透化(参见例如美国专利号5,112,596、5,268,164、5,506,206和5,686,416)。
跨越血脑屏障运输如本文所述的化合物的基于脂质的方法包括但不限于:将如本文所述的化合物囊封于与结合血脑屏障的血管内皮上的受体的抗体结合片段偶联的脂质体中(参见例如美国专利申请公开号2002/0025313),以及将如本文所述的化合物包衣于低密度脂蛋白颗粒(参见例如美国专利申请公开号2004/0204354)或载脂蛋白E(参见例如美国专利申请公开号2004/0131692)。
跨越血脑屏障运输如本文所述的化合物的基于受体和通道的方法包括但不限于:使用糖皮质激素阻断剂以增加血脑屏障的渗透性(参见例如美国专利申请公开号2002/0065259、2003/0162695和2005/0124533);激活钾通道(参见例如美国专利申请公开号2005/0089473),抑制ABC药物转运体(参见例如美国专利申请公开号2003/0073713);将如本文所述的化合物用转铁蛋白包衣并且调节一个或多个转铁蛋白受体的活性(参见例如美国专利申请公开号2003/0129186),以及将抗体阳离子化(参见例如美国专利号5,004,697)。
对于脑内使用,在某些实施方案中,化合物可以通过输注至CNS的流体储器中而连续施用,但是推注可以是可接受的。抑制剂可以施用至脑室或以其他方式引入CNS或脊髓液中。可以通过使用留置导管和连续施用方式(诸如泵)来进行施用,或者可以通过植入(例如脑内植入缓释载体)来进行施用。更具体地,抑制剂可以通过长期植入的套管注射或在渗透性微型泵的帮助下长期输注。通过小管将蛋白质递送至脑室的皮下泵是可用的。高度精密的泵可以通过皮肤重新填充,并且可以在无需外科手术干预的情况下设定其递送速率。涉及皮下泵装置或通过完全植入的药物递送系统连续脑室内输注的合适的施用方案和递送系统的实例是用于向阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease)患者和帕金森病(Parkinson’sdisease)的动物模型施用多巴胺、多巴胺激动剂和胆碱能激动剂的那些,如Harbaugh,J.Neural Transm.Suppl.24:271,1987;和DeYebenes等人,Mov.Disord.2:143,1987所描述的。
用于本发明的如本文所述的化合物以与良好医学实践相一致的方式来配制、给药和施用。在这种情况下考虑的因素包括所治疗的具体病症、所治疗的具体哺乳动物、个体患者的临床状况、病症的病因、药剂的递送位点、施用方法、施用时间表以及医学从业者已知的其他因素。如本文所述的化合物不需要但是任选地与目前用于预防或治疗所讨论病症的一种或多种药剂一起进行配制。这样的其他药剂的有效量取决于制剂中存在的本发明化合物的量、病症或治疗的类型以及以上讨论的其他因素。
这些通常以相同的剂量并且以与本文所述的给药途径使用,或以本文所述剂量的约1%至99%使用,或以经验地/临床上确定的合适的任何剂量和任何途径使用。
为了预防或治疗疾病,如本文所述的化合物的合适剂量(当单独使用或与其他药剂组合使用时)将取决于所治疗的疾病的类型、化合物的性质、疾病的严重度和过程,化合物是否出于预防目的或治疗目的而施用、先前的疗法、患者的临床史以及对化合物的反应和主治医师的判断。将化合物以一次或经过一系列治疗来适当地施用至患者。取决于疾病的类型和严重度,约1μg/kg至15mg/kg(例如0.1mg/kg-10mg/kg)的化合物可以是向患者施用的初始候选剂量,无论是否例如通过一次或多次单独施用或者通过连续输注施用。一个典型的日剂量可以在约1μg kg至100mg/kg以上的范围内,这取决于以上提及的因素。对于数天或更长时间的重复施用,取决于病况,治疗通常将持续直至所需的疾病症状的抑制出现。本发明的化合物的一个示例性剂量将处于约0.05mg/kg至约10mg/kg的范围内。因此,可以向患者施用约0.5mg/kg、2.0mg/kg、4.0mg/kg或10mg/kg(或其任意组合)的一个或多个剂量。这样的剂量可以间歇地施用,例如每周或每三周(例如,从而患者接受约两个至约二十个或例如约六个剂量的抗体)。可以施用较高的初始负荷剂量,随后是一个或多个较低剂量。示例性给药方案包括施用约4mg/kg的初始负荷剂量,随后是约2mg kg的化合物的每周维持剂量。然而,其他剂量方案可以是有用的。该疗法的过程可以容易地通过常规技术和测定监测。
其他典型的日剂量范围可以为例如约1g/kg至高达100mg/kg以上(例如约1μg kg至1mg/kg、约1μg/kg至约5mg/kg、约1mg kg至10mg/kg、约5mg/kg至约200mg/kg、约50mg/kg至约150mg/mg、约100mg/kg至约500mg/kg、约100mg/kg至约400mg/kg和约200mg/kg至约400mg/kg),这取决于以上提及的因素。通常,临床医师将施用化合物,直到剂量达到引起所治疗的疾病或病况的一个或多个症状的改善或任选的消除。该疗法的进展可以容易地通过常规测定监测。本文提供的一种或多种药剂可以一起施用或在不同的时间施用(例如,施用一种药剂,之后施用第二药剂)。可以使用不同的技术向受试者施用一种或多种药剂(例如,可以经口施用一种药剂,同时经由肌内注射或鼻内施用第二药剂)。可以施用一种或多种药剂,使得所述一种或多种药剂同时在受试者中具有药理作用。备选地,可以施用一种或多种药剂,使得在首先施用的药剂的药理活性失效之后施用一种或多种其次施用的药剂(例如1、2、3或4种其次施用的药剂)。
适应症和治疗方法
本发明的化合物调节(优选地抑制)哺乳动物(例如人)中通过电压依赖性钠通道的离子通量。任何这样的调节,无论其是离子通量的部分还是完全的抑制或阻止,有时在本文中被称为“阻断”并且相应的化合物被称为“阻断剂”或“抑制剂”。一般而言,本发明的化合物通过抑制钠通道的电压依赖性活性而向下调节钠通道的活性,和/或通过阻止钠通道活性(诸如离子通量)而减少或阻止跨越细胞膜的钠离子通量。
因此,本发明的化合物是钠通道阻断剂并且因此可用于治疗哺乳动物(例如人)和其他生物体中的疾病和病症,包括由异常电压依赖性钠通道生物活性造成的或可以通过电压依赖性钠通道生物活性的调节而改善的所有那些疾病和病症。特别地,本发明的化合物,即式(I)的化合物及实施方案和(或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物、同位素、药用盐或前药),可用于治疗哺乳动物(例如人)中的疾病和病症,所述疾病和病症由异常电压依赖性NaV1.7生物活性造成或可以通过NaV1.7生物活性的调节(优选抑制)而改善。在某些方面,相较于NaV1.5,本发明的化合物选择性地抑制NaV1.7。
如本文所定义的,钠通道介导的疾病或病况是指在哺乳动物(优选人)中在调节钠通道时改善的疾病或病况,并且包括但不限于:疼痛;中枢神经病况,诸如癫痫、焦虑、抑郁和双相疾病;心血管病况,诸如心律失常、心房纤颤和心室纤颤;神经肌肉病况,诸如不宁腿综合征和肌肉麻痹(muscle paralysis)或破伤风(tetanus);针对卒中、神经创伤和多发性硬化的神经保护;以及通道病(channelopathy),诸如红斑性肢痛症(erythromyalgia)和家族性直肠痛综合征。
在一个方面,本发明涉及化合物、药物组合物以及使用所述化合物和药物组合物治疗哺乳动物(优选人)中的以下疾病的方法:钠通道介导的疾病,并且优选与疼痛相关的疾病和病症、中枢神经病况诸如癫痫、焦虑、抑郁和双相疾病;心血管病况,诸如心律失常、心房纤颤和心室纤颤;神经肌肉病况,诸如不宁腿综合征和肌肉麻痹或破伤风;针对卒中、神经创伤和多发性硬化的神经保护;以及通道病,诸如红斑性肢痛症和家族性直肠痛综合征,所述方法通过向需要这样的治疗的哺乳动物(例如人)施用有效量的钠通道阻断剂调节剂(尤其是抑制剂)来进行。
钠通道介导的疾病或病况还包括与HIV有关的疼痛、HIV治疗诱发的神经病变、三叉神经痛、舌咽神经痛(glossopharyngeal neuralgia)、转移性浸润继发的神经病变(neuropathy secondary to metastatic infiltration)、痛性肥胖症(adiposisdolorosa)、丘脑损伤(thalamic lesions)、高血压(hypertension)、自身免疫病(autoimmune disease)、哮喘(asthma)、药物成瘾(例如,阿片制剂(opiate)、苯并二氮杂(benzodiazepine)、安非他明(amphetamine)、可卡因(cocaine)、酒精、丁烷吸入)、阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer)、痴呆(dementia)、年龄相关性记忆损伤(age-related memoryimpairment)、科萨科夫综合征(Korsakoff syndrome)、再狭窄(restenosis)、泌尿功能障碍(urinary dysfunction)、失禁(incontinence)、帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease)、脑血管缺血(cerebrovascular ischemia)、神经症(neurosis)、胃肠疾病(gastrointestinaldisease)、镰状细胞性贫血(sickle cell anemia)、移植排异(transplant rejection)、心力衰竭(heart failure)、心肌梗塞(myocardial infarction)、再灌注损伤(reperfusioninjury)、间歇性跛行(intermittant claudication)、心绞痛(angina)、惊厥(convulsion)、呼吸系统病症(respiratory disorders)、大脑或心肌缺血(cerebral ormyocardial ischemias)、长QT综合征(long-QT syndrome)、儿茶酚胺能多形性室性心动过速(Catecholeminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia)、眼科疾病(ophthalmicdiseases)、痉挛(spasticity)、痉挛性截瘫(spastic paraplegia)、肌病(myopathy)、重症肌无力(myasthenia gravis)、先天性副肌强直(paramyotonia congentia)、高血钾性周期性麻痹(hyperkalemic periodic paralysis)、低血钾性周期性麻痹(hypokalemicperiodic paralysis)、脱发(alopecia)、焦虑症(anxiety disorders)、精神障碍(psychotic disorders)、躁狂症(mania)、偏执(paranoia)、季节性情感障碍(seasonalaffective disorder)、惊恐性障碍(panic disorder)、强迫症(obsessive compulsivedisorder,OCD)、恐怖症(phobias)、孤独症(autism)、阿斯伯格综合症(AspergersSyndrome)、雷特综合征(Retts syndrome)、崩解症(disintegrative disorder)、注意力缺陷障碍(attention deficit disorder)、攻击性(aggressivity)、冲动控制障碍(impulsecontrol disorders)、血栓形成(thrombosis)、先兆子痫(pre clampsia)、充血性心力衰竭(congestive cardiac failure)、心脏骤停(cardiac arrest)、弗里德赖希氏共济失调(Freidrich’s ataxia)、髓小脑性共济失调(Spinocerebellear ataxia)、脊髓病(myelopathy)、神经根病(radiculopathy)、系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupuserythamatosis)、肉芽肿病(granulomatous disease)、橄榄体-脑桥-小脑萎缩(olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy)、脊髓小脑性共济失调(spinocerebellar ataxia)、发作性共济失调(episodic ataxia)、肌纤维颤搐(myokymia)、进行性苍白球萎缩(progressivepallidal atrophy)、进行性核上性麻痹与痉挛(progressive supranuclear palsy andspasticity)、创伤性脑损伤(traumatic brain injury)、脑水肿(cerebral oedema)、脑积水损伤(hydrocephalus injury)、脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury)、神经性厌食症(anorexia nervosa)、贪食症(bulimia)、帕-魏二氏综合征(Prader-Willi syndrome)、肥胖(obesity)、视神经炎(optic neuritis)、白内障(cataract)、视网膜出血(retinalhaemorrhage)、缺血性视网膜病(ischaemic retinopathy)、色素性视网膜炎(retinitispigmentosa)、急性与慢性青光眼(acute and chronic glaucoma)、黄斑变性(maculardegeneration)、视网膜动脉阻塞(retinal artery occlusion)、舞蹈病(Chorea)、亨廷顿舞蹈病(Huntington’s chorea)、脑水肿(cerebral edema)、直肠炎(proctitis)、疱疹后神经痛、急性痛、热敏感性、结节病(sarcoidosis)、肠易激综合征、妥瑞症(Tourettesyndrome)、莱-奈二氏综合征(Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome)、Brugado综合征(Brugadosyndrome)、利德尔综合征(Liddle syndrome)、克罗恩病、多发性硬化和与多发性硬化(MS)有关的疼痛、肌萎缩性侧索硬化(ALS)、播散性硬化(disseminated sclerosis)、糖尿病性神经病变、周围神经病变、夏-马-图三氏综合征(charcot marie tooth syndrome)、关节炎、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、软骨钙质沉着病(chondrocalcinosis)、动脉粥样硬化、阵发性肌张力障碍、肌无力综合征、肌强直、肌强直性营养不良(myotonic dystrophy)、肌营养不良(muscular dystrophy)、恶性高热、囊性纤维化、假性醛固酮增多症、横纹肌溶解、心理缺陷(mental handicap)、甲状腺功能减退、双相抑郁、焦虑、精神分裂症、钠通道毒素相关的疾病、家族性红斑性肢痛症、原发性红斑性肢痛症、直肠痛、癌症、癫痫、局部性和全身性强直发作、高热惊厥(febrile seizures)、失神发作(absence seizures)(癫痫小发作(petit mal))、肌阵挛发作(myoclonic seizures)、失张力发作(atonic seizures)、阵挛发作(clonic seizures)、Lennox Gastaut综合征(Lennox Gastaut)、West综合征(WestSyndome)(婴儿痉挛症(infantile spasms))、多重耐药发作(multiresistant seizures)、发作预防(seizure prophylaxis)(抗癫痫发作(anti-epileptogenic))、家族性地中海发热综合征(familial Mediterranean fever syndrome)、痛风(gout)、不宁腿综合征、心律失常、纤维肌痛、在由卒中或神经创伤引起的缺血状况下的神经保护、快速性心律失常(tachy-arrhythmias)、心房纤颤和心室纤颤以及作为全身或局部麻醉剂。
如本文中所使用的,术语“疼痛”是指所有种类的疼痛,并且被认为包括但不限于:神经性疼痛、炎性疼痛、伤害性疼痛(nociceptive pain)、自发性疼痛(idiopathic pain)、神经痛性疼痛(neuralgic pain)、口面疼痛(orofacial pain)、灼痛(burn pain)、灼口综合征(burning mouth syndrome)、躯体疼痛(somatic pain)、内脏疼痛、肌筋膜疼痛(myofacial pain)、牙痛、癌性疼痛、化疗疼痛、创伤疼痛、手术疼痛、术后疼痛、分娩疼痛、产痛、慢性区域性疼痛综合征(chronic regional pain syndrome,CRPS)、反射交感性营养不良(reflex sympathetic dystrophy)、臂丛撕脱伤(brachial plexus avulsion)、神经原性膀胱障碍、急性疼痛(例如肌肉骨骼和手术后疼痛)、慢性疼痛、持续性疼痛、外周介导性疼痛、中枢介导性疼痛、慢性头痛、偏头痛、家族性偏瘫性偏头痛(familial hemiplegicmigraine)、与头痛(cephalic pain)有关的病况、窦性头痛、紧张性头痛、幻肢痛、周围神经损伤、卒中后疼痛、丘脑损伤、神经根病(radiculopathy)、HIV疼痛、疱疹后疼痛(post-herpetic pain)、非心源性胸痛(non-cardiac chest pain)、肠易激综合征和与肠病和消化不良有关的疼痛以及它们的组合。
此外,钠通道阻断剂具有除了疼痛之外的临床用途。因此,本发明还涉及化合物、药物组合物以及使用所述化合物和药物组合物治疗疾病或病况(诸如癌症和瘙痒(发痒(itch))的方法。
瘙痒,通常称为发痒,是常见的皮肤病况。虽然瘙痒的确切病因是复杂且尚未完全理解的,但是长期以来的证据表明发痒涉及感觉神经元,尤其是C纤维,类似于介导疼痛的那些(Schmelz,M.等人,J.Neurosci.(1997),17:8003-8)。特别地,据信通过电压门控钠通道的钠流入对于从皮肤传播发痒感觉是必不可少的。发痒冲动的传送导致引起抓挠欲望或抓挠反射的不悦感觉。
引起发痒的多种原因和电学途径是已知的。在人中,瘙痒可以由组胺或PAR-2激动剂(诸如活化不同C纤维群体的藜豆蛋白酶(mucunain))引起(Namer,B.等人,J.Neurophysiol.(2008),100:2062-9)。在动物模型中,已知多种神经营养肽介导发痒(Wang,H.和Yosipovitch,G.,International Journal of Dermatology(2010),49:1-11)。发痒也可以由阿片样物质引起,证据在于来自疼痛反应的独特药理学。
在发痒和疼痛反应之间存在复杂的相互作用,部分是由于来自皮肤的重叠感觉输入(Ikoma,A.等人,Arch.Dermatol.(2003),139:1475-8),并且还由于疼痛和瘙痒二者的不同病因。疼痛反应可以通过增强中枢敏感化加剧发痒或导致对疼痛抓挠的抑制。特别地,在不存在疼痛反应时出现几种慢性发痒形式,如在疱疹后发痒的情况中(Oaklander,A.L.等人,Pain(2002),96:9-12)。
本发明的化合物也可以用于治疗瘙痒。用电压门控钠通道(尤其是NaV1.7)的抑制剂治疗发痒的基本原理如下:
电活性在感受瘙痒能兴奋剂的C纤维中的传播需要钠通过电压门控钠通道进入。
NaV1.7在人皮肤的C纤维和角质形成细胞中表达(Zhao,P.等人,Pain(2008),139:90-105)。
引起红斑性肢痛症的NaV1.7(L858F)获得功能性突变也引起慢性发痒(Li,Y.等人,Clinical and Experimental Dermatology(2009),34:e313-e4)。
慢性发痒可以通过用钠通道阻断剂(诸如局部麻醉剂利多卡因)进行治疗而得到缓解(Oaklander,A.L.等人,Pain(2002),96:9-12;Villamil,A.G.等人,The AmericanJournal of Medicine(2005),118:1160-3)。在这些报道中,利多卡因在静脉内或局部(Lidoderm贴剂)施用时是有效的。利多卡因在系统性施用时达到的血浆浓度下可以具有多种活性,但是当局部施用时,血浆浓度仅为约1μM(药品评价与研究中心(Center for DrugEvaluation and Research)NDA 20-612)。在这些浓度下,利多卡因对钠通道阻断具有选择性,并且抑制C纤维中的自发电活性以及动物模型中的疼痛反应(Xiao,W.H.和Bennett,G.J..Pain(2008),137:218-28)。发痒或皮肤刺激的类型包括但不限于:
牛皮癣性瘙痒、由血液透析引起的发痒、水源性瘙痒以及由皮肤病症(例如,接触性皮炎)、系统性病症、神经病变、精神因素或其混合情况引起的发痒;
由变态反应、昆虫叮咬、过敏(例如,皮肤干燥、痤疮、湿疹、牛皮癣)、炎症病况或损伤引起的发痒;
与外阴前庭炎有关的发痒;以及
由施用另一种治疗剂(诸如例如,抗生素、抗病毒药和抗组胺药)引起的皮肤刺激或炎症作用。
本发明的化合物也可用于治疗哺乳动物(优选人)中的某些癌症,诸如激素敏感型癌症,诸如前列腺癌(腺癌)、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、睾丸癌和甲状腺肿瘤。已经证明电压门控钠通道在前列腺癌和乳腺癌细胞中表达。新生儿NaV1.5的上调作为人乳腺癌转移过程的不可缺部分而出现,并且可以充当转移表型新标记和治疗靶标二者(Clin.Cancer Res.(2005),8月1日;11(15):5381-9)。在体外,电压门控钠通道α-亚基(具体是NaV1.7)的功能表达与前列腺癌(CaP)中的强转移潜能有关。使用对钠通道α亚基具有特异性的抗体进行的电压门控钠通道α-亚基免疫染色在前列腺组织中是明显的,并且在CaP患者中相对于在非CaP患者中显著更强(Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis.,2005;8(3):266-73)。还参见Diss,J.K.J.等人,Mol.Cell.Neurosci.(2008),37:537–547,以及Kis-Toth,K.等人,The Journal ofImmunology(2011),187:1273–1280。
鉴于以上情形,在一个实施方案中,本发明提供了一种用于治疗哺乳动物中的钠通道介导的疾病(尤其是疼痛)或保护哺乳动物以免于发展钠通道介导的疾病(尤其是疼痛)的方法,所述方法包括向需要其的哺乳动物(尤其是人)施用治疗有效量的本发明化合物或者包含治疗有效量的本发明化合物的药物组合物,其中所述化合物调节一个或多个电压依赖性钠通道的活性。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中是一种治疗哺乳动物(优选人)中的疾病或病况的方法,其中所述疾病或病况选自由以下组成的组:疼痛、抑郁、心血管疾病、呼吸疾病和精神疾病以及它们的组合,并且其中所述方法包括向需要其的哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的如上所述的本发明化合物的实施方案(呈其立体异构体、对映异构体或互变异构体或它们的混合物或者其药用盐、溶剂化物或前药的形式),或者包含治疗有效量的如上所述的本发明化合物(呈其立体异构体、对映异构体或互变异构体或它们的混合物或者其药用盐、溶剂化物或前药的形式)以及药用赋形剂的药物组合物。
该实施方案的一个实施方案是其中所述疾病或病况选自由以下组成的组:急性疼痛、慢性疼痛、神经性疼痛、炎性疼痛、内脏疼痛、癌性疼痛、化疗疼痛、创伤疼痛、手术疼痛、术后疼痛、分娩疼痛、产痛、神经原性膀胱障碍、溃疡性结肠炎、持续性疼痛、外周介导性疼痛、中枢介导性疼痛、慢性头痛、偏头痛、窦性头痛、紧张性头痛、幻肢痛、周围神经损伤以及它们的组合。
该实施方案的另一个实施方案是其中所述疾病或病况选自由以下组成的组:与HIV有关的疼痛、HIV治疗诱发的神经病变、三叉神经痛、疱疹后神经痛、急性痛、热敏感性、结节病、肠易激综合征、克罗恩病、与多发性硬化(MS)有关的疼痛、肌萎缩性侧索硬化(ALS)、糖尿病性神经病变、周围神经病变、关节炎、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、动脉粥样硬化、阵发性肌张力障碍、肌无力综合征、肌强直、恶性高热、囊性纤维化、假性醛固酮增多症、横纹肌溶解、甲状腺功能减退、双相抑郁、焦虑、精神分裂症、钠通道毒素相关的疾病、家族性红斑性肢痛症、原发性红斑性肢痛症、家族性直肠痛、癌症、癫痫、局部性和全身性强直发作、不宁腿综合征、心律失常、纤维肌痛、在由卒中或神经创伤引起的缺血状况下的神经保护、快速性心律失常、心房纤颤和心室纤颤。
本发明的另一个实施方案是一种治疗但不预防哺乳动物中的疼痛的方法,其中所述方法包括向需要其的哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的如上所述的本发明化合物(呈其立体异构体、对映异构体或互变异构体或它们的混合物或者其药用盐、溶剂化物或前药的形式),或者包含治疗有效量的如上所述的本发明化合物(呈其立体异构体、对映异构体或互变异构体或它们的混合物或者其药用盐、溶剂化物或前药的形式)以及药用赋形剂的药物组合物。
该实施方案的一个实施方案是一种方法,其中疼痛选自由以下组成的组:神经性疼痛、炎性疼痛、内脏疼痛、癌性疼痛、化疗疼痛、创伤疼痛、手术疼痛、术后疼痛、分娩疼痛、产痛、牙痛、慢性疼痛、持续性疼痛、外周介导性疼痛、中枢介导性疼痛、慢性头痛、偏头痛、窦性头痛、紧张性头痛、幻肢痛、周围神经损伤、三叉神经痛、疱疹后神经痛、急性痛、家族性红斑性肢痛症、原发性红斑性肢痛症、家族性直肠痛或纤维肌痛以及它们的组合。
该实施方案的另一个实施方案是一种方法,其中疼痛与选自以下的疾病或病况有关:HIV、HIV治疗诱发的神经病变、热敏感性、结节病、肠易激综合征、克罗恩病、多发性硬化、肌萎缩性侧索硬化、糖尿病性神经病变、周围神经病变、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、动脉粥样硬化、阵发性肌张力障碍、肌无力综合征、肌强直、恶性高热、囊性纤维化、假性醛固酮增多症、横纹肌溶解、甲状腺功能减退、双相抑郁、焦虑、精神分裂症、钠通道毒素相关的疾病、神经原性膀胱障碍、溃疡性结肠炎、癌症、癫痫、局部性和全身性强直发作、不宁腿综合征、心律失常、由卒中或神经创伤引起的缺血状况、快速性心律失常、心房纤颤和心室纤颤。
本发明的另一个实施方案是通过抑制哺乳动物中通过电压依赖性钠通道的离子通量来治疗哺乳动物(优选人)中的疼痛的方法,其中所述方法包括向需要其的哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的如上所述的本发明化合物的实施方案(呈其立体异构体、对映异构体或互变异构体或它们的混合物或者其药用盐、溶剂化物或前药的形式),或者包含治疗有效量的如上所述的本发明化合物(呈其立体异构体、对映异构体或互变异构体或它们的混合物或者其药用盐、溶剂化物或前药形式的形式)以及药用赋形剂的药物组合物。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗哺乳动物(优选人)中的瘙痒的方法,其中所述方法包括向需要其的哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的如上所述的本发明化合物的实施方案(呈其立体异构体、对映异构体或互变异构体或它们的混合物或者其药用盐、溶剂化物或前药的形式),或者包含治疗有效量的如上所述的本发明化合物(呈其立体异构体、对映异构体或互变异构体或它们的混合物或者其药用盐、溶剂化物或前药的形式)以及药用赋形剂的药物组合物。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗哺乳动物(优选人)中的癌症的方法,其中所述方法包括向需要其的哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的如上所述的本发明化合物的实施方案(呈其立体异构体、对映异构体或互变异构体或它们的混合物或者其药用盐、溶剂化物或前药的形式),或者包含治疗有效量的如上所述的本发明化合物(呈其立体异构体、对映异构体或互变异构体或它们的混合物或者其药用盐、溶剂化物或前药的形式)以及药用赋形剂的药物组合物。
本发明的另一个实施方案是减少哺乳动物的细胞中通过电压依赖性钠通道的离子通量的方法,其中所述方法包括使所述细胞与如上所述的本发明化合物的实施方案(呈其立体异构体、对映异构体或互变异构体或它们的混合物或者其药用盐、溶剂化物或前药的形式)接触。
本发明的另一个实施方案是在哺乳动物中相较于第二电压门控钠通道选择性地抑制第一电压门控钠通道的方法,其中所述方法包括向哺乳动物施用抑制量的式(I)的化合物或式(I)的化合物的实施方案。
本发明的另一个实施方案是相较于NaV1.5在哺乳动物或哺乳动物细胞中选择性地抑制NaV1.7的方法,其中所述方法包括向需要其的哺乳动物施用抑制量的式(I)的化合物或其实施方案的实施方案。
对于关于治疗哺乳动物中的疾病和病症的上述实施方案中的每一个,本发明还相关地涵盖用作治疗这样的疾病和病症的药物的如本文所述的化合物。
对于关于治疗哺乳动物中的疾病和病症的上述实施方案中的每一个,本发明还相关地涵盖如本文所述的化合物用于制备用于治疗这样的疾病和病症的药物的用途。
本发明的另一个实施方案是一种使用如本文所述的化合物作为确定测试化合物在调节电压依赖性钠通道的功效的体外或体内测定中的标准或对照的方法。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,如本文所述的化合物被同位素标记,即,在其中的一个或多个原子被具有不同原子质量或质量数的原子替代。这样的同位素标记的(即,放射性标记的)化合物被认为在本发明的范围内。可以掺入化合物的同位素的实例包括氢、碳、氮、氧、磷、硫、氟、氯和碘的同位素,诸如但不限于分别为2H、3H、11C、13C、14C、13N、15N、15O、17O、18O、31P、32P、35S、18F、36Cl、123I和125I。这些同位素标记的化合物将可用于帮助确定或测量化合物的有效性,例如,通过表征钠通道上的作用位点或作用模式,或者对钠通道(特别是NaV1.7)上药理学上重要的作用位点的结合亲和力。某些同位素标记的化合物,例如掺入放射性同位素的那些,可用于药物和/或底物组织分布研究。放射性同位素氚(即3H)和碳-14(即14C)鉴于其易于掺入和有现成检测手段而特别可用于此目的。
利用较重的同位素诸如氘(即,2H)进行取代可以提供由较大的代谢稳定性产生的某些治疗优点,例如,增加的体内半衰期或降低的剂量需求,并且因此在某些情形中是优选的。
利用发射正电子的同位素诸如11C、18F、15O和13N进行取代可以用于正电子发射断层扫描(Positron Emission Topography,PET)研究以检查底物受体占用率。同位素标记的化合物通常可以使用适当的同位素标记的试剂代替先前采用的未标记试剂,通过本领域技术人员已知的常规技术或通过与如在下文提出的实施例中描述的那些类似的方法制备。
测试化合物
可以使用下文所述的测定来确定本发明的化合物在介导(尤其是抑制)钠通道离子通量方面的评定。备选地,可以在用于证实化合物在治疗疼痛中的功效的工业标准动物模型中确立化合物在治疗人中的病况和疾病方面的评定。已经开发了人神经性疼痛病况的动物模型,其在持续的一段时间内导致可以通过感觉测试进行评估的可重现的感觉缺陷(异常性疼痛、痛觉过敏和自发性疼痛)。通过确定存在的机械、化学和温度诱导的异常性疼痛和痛觉过敏的程度,可以将在人中观察到的若干病理生理学病况建模,从而允许药物疗法的评估。
在周围神经损伤的大鼠模型中,受损神经中的异位活性对应于疼痛的行为体征。在这些模型中,钠通道阻断剂和局部麻醉剂利多卡因的静脉内应用可以在不影响一般行为和运动功能的浓度下抑制异位活性并逆转触觉异常性疼痛(Mao,J.和Chen,L.L,Pain(2000),87:7-17)。在这些大鼠模型中有效的剂量的异速生长放大(allometric scaling)转化成与在人中显示有效的那些类似的剂量(Tanelian,D.L.和Brose,W.G.,Anesthesiology(1991),74(5):949-951)。此外,(以皮肤贴剂形式应用的利多卡因)目前是FDA批准的用于疱疹后神经痛的治疗(Devers,A.和Glaler,B.S.,Clin.J.Pain(2000),16(3):205-8)。
本发明容易地提供用于鉴定可用作治疗剂的钠通道调节剂的许多不同方式。钠通道调节剂的鉴定可以使用多种体外和体内测定(例如测量电流、测量膜电位、测量离子通量(例如钠或胍鎓)、测量钠浓度、测量第二信使和转录水平)以及使用例如电压敏感性染料、放射性示踪剂和膜片钳电生理学来评定。
一种这样的方案涉及筛选具有调节钠通道活性的能力的化学药剂,从而将其鉴定为调节剂。
Bean等人,J.General Physiology(1983),83:613-642和Leuwer,M.等人,Br.J.Pharmacol(2004),141(1):47-54中所述的典型测定使用膜片钳技术来研究通道的行为。这样的技术对于本领域技术人员是已知的,并且可以使用现有技术将其发展为低通量或中通量测定来评估化合物调节钠通道行为的能力。
测试化合物的通量是在选择待使用的筛选测定时的一个重要考虑因素。在将要测试数十万种化合物的一些策略中,不期望使用低通量方式。然而,在其他情况中,低通量可令人满意地鉴定有限数量的化合物之间的重要差异。通常将需要组合测定类型来鉴定具体的钠通道调节化合物。
使用膜片钳技术的电生理学测定被认为是详细表征钠通道化合物相互作用的金标准,并且如Bean等人(参上)和Leuwer,M.等人(参上)所述。存在手动的低通量筛选(LTS)方法,其每天可以比较2-10种化合物;最近开发的系统,其用于以每天20-50个膜片(即化合物)进行自动化中通量筛选(MTS);以及来自Molecular Devices Corporation(Sunnyvale,CA)的技术,其允许以每天1000-3000个膜片(即化合物)进行自动化高通量筛选(HTS)。
一种自动化膜片钳系统利用平面电极技术来加速药物发现的速率。平面电极能够实现高电阻的细胞贴附式密封,随后是与常规记录相当的稳定的低噪声全细胞记录。合适的仪器为PatchXpress 7000A(Axon Instruments Inc,Union City,CA)。多种细胞系和培养技术(包括粘附细胞以及在悬浮液中自发生长的细胞)根据密封成功率和稳定性进行分级。稳定表达高水平的相关钠离子通道的永生化细胞(例如,HEK和CHO)可以适应高密度悬浮培养。
可以选择允许研究者鉴定化合物的其他测定,所述化合物阻断通道的特定状态(诸如开启状态、关闭状态或静息状态),或阻断从开启至关闭、关闭至静息或静息至开启的转换。本领域技术人员通常熟悉这样的测定。
也可以采用结合测定。设计包括基于传统放射性滤器的结合测定,或可从EvotecOAI公司集团(Hamburg,德国)获得的基于共焦的荧光系统,二者均为HTS。
还可以使用放射性通量测定。在该测定中,通道受藜芦定(veratridine)或乌头碱(aconitine)刺激而开启,并且用毒素保持在稳定开启状态,并且通过其防止离子流入的能力来鉴定通道阻断剂。该测定可以使用放射性22[Na]和14[C]胍鎓离子作为示踪剂。在活细胞中的FlashPlate&Cytostar-T平板避免了分离步骤并且适用于HTS。闪烁平板技术也已经将该方法改进至HTS适用性。由于测定的功能性方面,所以信息量是相当良好的。
又一种形式使用可从Molecular Dynamics(Amersham Biosciences的一个部门,Piscataway,NJ)获得的FLIPR系统膜电位试剂盒(HTS)测量膜电位的再分布。该方法局限于缓慢的膜电位变化。化合物的荧光背景可能产生一些问题。测试化合物还可以直接影响细胞膜的流动性,并且导致细胞内染料浓度增加。尽管如此,由于测定的功能性方面,所以信息量是相当良好的。
可以使用钠染料来测量钠离子流入通过通道的速率或量。该类型的测定提供了关于潜在的通道阻断剂的极高信息量。该测定是功能性的,并且将直接测量Na+流入。可以使用CoroNa红、SBFI和/或钠绿(Molecular Probes,Inc.Eugene OR)测量Na流入;全部都是Na响应性染料。它们可以与FLIPR仪器组合使用。先前在文献中并未描述过在筛选中使用这些染料。钙染料在该形式中也可以具有潜力。
在另一个测定中,使用基于FRET的电压传感器来测量测试化合物直接阻断Na流入的能力。可商购获得的HTS系统包括VIPRTMII FRET系统(Life Technologies,或AuroraBiosciences Corporation,San Diego,CA,Vertex Pharmaceuticals,Inc.的一个部门),其可以结合FRET染料使用,所述染料也可从Aurora Biosciences获得。该测定测量对电压变化的亚秒级响应。不需要通道功能调节剂。该测定测量去极化和超极化,并且提供了用于定量的比率度量的输出。该测定的略微较不昂贵的MTS型式采用FLEXstationTM(MolecularDevices Corporation)与来自Aurora Biosciences的FRET染料结合。测试本文中公开的化合物的其他方法也是本领域技术人员容易知道和可获得的。
然后,在多种体内模型中测试如此鉴定的调节剂以确定其是否在最少的不良事件情况下缓解疼痛,尤其是慢性疼痛或其他病况(诸如癌症和瘙痒(发痒))。下面在生物测定部分中描述的测定可用于评定本发明化合物的生物活性。
通常,本发明的化合物的功效由其IC50值(“抑制浓度-50%”)表示,其是在特定时间段内实现目标钠通道的活性的50%抑制所需的化合物量的量度。例如,在本文所述的膜片电压钳NaV1.7电生理学测定中,本发明的代表性化合物已经展现出在小于100纳摩尔至小于10微摩尔范围内的IC50。
在本发明的另一个方面,本发明的化合物可以作为示例性药剂用于体外或体内研究中以用于比较目的,从而发现也可用于治疗本文中公开的各种疾病或保护免受本文中公开的各种疾病的其他化合物。
本发明的另一个方面涉及抑制生物样品或哺乳动物(优选人)中的NaV1.1、NaV1.2、NaV1.3、NaV1.4、NaV1.5、NaV1.6、NaV1.7、NaV1.8或NaV1.9活性(优选NaV1.7活性),所述方法包括向哺乳动物(优选人)施用如本文所述的化合物或包含如本文所述的化合物的药物组合物,或者使所述生物样品接触如本文所述的化合物或包含如本文所述的化合物的药物组合物。如本文中所使用的,术语“生物样品”包括但不限于:细胞培养物或其提取物;获自哺乳动物的活检材料或其提取物;以及血液、唾液、尿液、粪便、精液、泪液或其他体液或其提取物。
生物样品中NaV1.1、NaV1.2、NaV1.3、NaV1.4、NaV1.5、NaV1.6、NaV1.7、NaV1.8或NaV1.9活性的抑制可用于本领域技术人员已知的多种目的。这样的目的的实例包括但不限于生物学和病理学现象中的钠离子通道的研究;以及新的钠离子通道抑制剂的比较性评估。
本发明的化合物(或其立体异构体、几何异构体、互变异构体、溶剂化物、代谢物、同位素、药用盐或前药)和/或包含药用赋形剂以及一种或多种本发明化合物的如本文所述的药物组合物可以用于制备用于治疗哺乳动物中的钠通道介导的疾病或病况的药物。
组合疗法
在钠通道介导的疾病和病症的治疗中,本发明的化合物可以有用地与一种或多种其他本发明化合物或一种或多种其他治疗剂或其任何组合组合。例如,本发明的化合物可以与其他治疗剂组合同时地、顺序地或分开地施用,所述治疗剂包括但不限于:
阿片镇痛剂,例如吗啡(morphine)、海洛因(heroin)、可卡因(cocaine)、氧化吗啡(oxymorphine)、左啡诺(levorphanol)、左洛啡烷(levallorphan)、羟考酮(oxycodone)、可待因(codeine)、双氢可待因(dihydrocodeine)、丙氧芬(propoxyphene)、纳美芬(nalmefene)、芬太尼(fentanyl)、氢可酮(hydrocodone)、氢吗啡酮(hydromorphone)、meripidine、美沙酮(methadone)、纳洛芬(nalorphine)、纳洛酮(naloxone)、纳曲酮(naltrexone)、丁丙诺啡(buprenorphine)、布托啡诺(butorphanol)、纳布啡(nalbuphine)和喷他佐辛(pentazocine);
非阿片镇痛剂,例如对乙酰氨基酚(acetomeniphen),水杨酸盐(例如阿司匹林);
非甾体类抗炎药(NSAID),例如布洛芬(ibuprofen)、萘普生(naproxen)、非诺洛芬(fenoprofen)、酮洛芬(ketoprofen)、塞来昔布(celecoxib)、双氯芬酸(diclofenac)、二氟尼柳(diflusinal)、依托度酸(etodolac)、芬布芬(fenbufen)、非诺洛芬(fenoprofen)、氟苯柳(flufenisal)、氟比洛芬(flurbiprofen)、布洛芬(ibuprofen)、吲哚美辛(indomethacin)、酮洛芬(ketoprofen)、酮咯酸(ketorolac)、甲氯芬那酸(meclofenamicacid)、甲芬那酸(mefenamic acid)、美洛昔康(meloxicam)、萘丁美酮(nabumetone)、萘普生(naproxen)、尼美舒利(nimesulide)、硝基氟吡洛芬(nitroflurbiprofen)、奥沙拉秦(olsalazine)、奥沙普秦(oxaprozin)、保泰松(phenylbutazone)、吡罗昔康(piroxicam)、柳氮磺胺吡啶(sulfasalazine)、舒林酸(sulindac)、托美丁(tolmetin)和佐美酸(zomepira);
抗惊厥剂,例如卡马西平(carbamazepine)、奥卡西平(oxcarbazepine)、拉莫三嗪(lamotrigine)、丙戊酸盐(valproate)、托吡酯(topiramate)、加巴喷丁(gabapentin)和普瑞巴林(pregabalin);
抗抑郁剂,诸如三环抗抑郁剂,例如阿米替林(amitriptyline)、氯米帕明(clomipramine)、地昔帕明(despramine)、丙米嗪(imipramine)和去甲替林(nortriptyline);
COX-2选择性抑制剂,例如塞来昔布(celecoxib)、罗非昔布(rofecoxib)、帕瑞昔布(parecoxib)、伐地昔布(valdecoxib)、地拉考昔(deracoxib)、依托考昔(etoricoxib)和鲁米考昔(lumiracoxib);
α-肾上腺素能药物,例如多沙唑嗪(doxazosin)、坦索罗辛(tamsulosin)、可乐定(clonidine)、胍法辛(guanfacine)、右美托咪定(dexmetatomidine)、莫达非尼(modafinil)和4-氨基-6,7-二甲氧基-2-(5-甲烷亚磺酰氨基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-2-基)-5-(2-吡啶基)喹唑啉;
巴比妥酸盐镇静剂,例如异戊巴比妥(amobarbital)、阿普比妥(aprobarbital)、仲丁比妥(butabarbital)、布他比妥(butabital)、甲苯比妥(mephobarbital)、美沙比妥(metharbital)、美索比妥(methohexital)、戊巴比妥(pentobarbital)、苯巴比妥(phenobartital)、司可巴比妥(secobarbital)、他布比妥(talbutal)、theamylal和戊硫代巴比妥(thiopental);
速激肽(NK)拮抗剂,特别是NK-3、NK-2或NK-1拮抗剂,例如(αR,9R)-7-[3,5-双(三氟甲基)苄基)]-8,9,10,11-四氢-9-甲基-5-(4-甲基苯基)-7H-[1,4]二氮芳辛并[2,1-g][1,7]-萘啶-6-13-二酮(TAK-637)、5-[[2R,3S)-2-[(1R)-1-[3,5-双(三氟甲基苯基]乙氧基-3-(4-氟苯基)-4-吗啉基]-甲基]-1,2-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮(MK-869)、阿瑞匹坦(aprepitant)、拉奈匹坦(lanepitant)、达匹坦(dapitant)或3-[[2-甲氧基5-(三氟甲氧基)苯基]-甲基氨基]-2-苯基哌啶(2S,3S);
煤焦油(coal-tar)镇痛剂,特别是扑热息痛(paracetamol);
血清素再摄取抑制剂,例如帕罗西汀(paroxetine)、舍曲林(sertraline)、诺氟西汀(norfluoxetine)(氟西汀(fluoxetine)去甲基代谢物)、代谢物脱甲基舍曲林、’3氟伏沙明(’3fluvoxamine)、帕罗西汀(paroxetine)、西酞普兰(citalopram)、西酞普兰代谢物去甲基西酞普兰、依他普仑(escitalopram)、d,l-芬氟拉明(d,l-fenfluramine)、非莫西汀(femoxetine)、伊福西汀(ifoxetine)、氰基度硫平(cyanodothiepin)、利托西汀(litoxetine)、达泊西汀(dapoxetine)、奈法唑酮(nefazodone)、西文氯胺(cericlamine)、曲唑酮(trazodone)和氟西汀(fluoxetine);
去甲肾上腺素(降肾上腺素)再摄取抑制剂,例如马普替林(maprotiline)、洛非帕明(lofepramine)、米氮平(mirtazepine)、羟丙替林(oxaprotiline)、非唑拉明(fezolamine)、托莫西汀(tomoxetine)、米安舍林(mianserin)、安非他酮(buproprion)、安非他酮代谢物羟基安非他酮、诺米芬新(nomifensine)和维洛沙秦(viloxazine)),尤其是选择性去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂,诸如瑞波西汀(reboxetine),特别是(S,S)-瑞波西汀,以及文拉法辛(venlafaxine)度洛西汀(duloxetine)精神安定镇静剂/抗焦虑药;
双重血清素-去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂,诸如文拉法辛(venlafaxine)、文拉法辛代谢物O-去甲基文拉法辛、氯米帕明(clomipramine)、氯米帕明代谢物去甲基氯米帕明、度洛西汀(duloxetine)、米那普仑(milnacipran)和丙咪嗪(imipramine);
乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂,诸如多奈哌齐(donepezil);
5-HT3拮抗剂,诸如昂丹司琼(ondansetron);
亲代谢性谷氨酸受体(mGluR)拮抗剂;
局部麻醉剂,诸如美西律(mexiletine)和利多卡因(lidocaine);
皮质类固醇,诸如地塞米松(dexamethasone);
抗心律失常药,例如美西律(mexiletine)和苯妥英(phenytoin);
毒蕈碱拮抗剂,例如托特罗定(tolterodine)、丙哌维林(propiverine)、曲司氯铵(tropsium t chloride)、达非那新(darifenacin)、索利那新(solifenacin)、替米维林(temiverine)和异丙托铵(ipratropium);
大麻素;
辣椒素受体激动剂(例如resinferatoxin)或拮抗剂(例如辣椒平(capsazepine));
镇静剂,例如格鲁米特(glutethimide)、甲丙氨酯(meprobamate)、甲喹酮(methaqualone)和氯醛比林(dichloralphenazone);
抗抑郁药,诸如米氮平(mirtazapine),
局部药剂(例如利多卡因、辣椒碱(capsacin)和resiniferotoxin);
肌肉松弛药,诸如苯并二氮杂巴氯芬(baclofen)、卡立普多(carisoprodol)、氯唑沙宗(chlorzoxazone)、环苯扎林(cyclobenzaprine)、美索巴莫(methocarbamol)和邻甲苯海拉明(orphrenadine);
抗组胺或H1拮抗剂;
NMDA受体拮抗剂;
5-HT受体激动剂/拮抗剂;
PDEV抑制剂;
胆碱能(烟碱)镇痛剂;
α-2-δ配体;
前列腺素E2亚型拮抗剂;
白细胞三烯B4拮抗剂;
5-脂氧合酶抑制剂;以及
5-HT3拮抗剂。
使用这样的组合可以治疗和/或预防的钠通道介导的疾病和病症包括但不限于:疼痛(中枢和外周介导的急性、慢性、神经性)以及与疼痛有关的其他疾病和其他中枢神经病症,诸如癫痫、焦虑、抑郁和双相疾病;或心血管病症,诸如心律失常、心房纤颤和心室纤颤;神经肌肉病症,诸如不宁腿综合征和肌肉麻痹或破伤风;针对卒中、神经创伤和多发性硬化的神经保护;以及离子通道病,诸如红斑性肢痛症和家族性直肠痛综合征。
如本文中所使用的,“组合”是指一种或多种本发明化合物和一种或多种其他本发明化合物或一种或多种另外的治疗剂的任何混合物或排列。除非上下文另有解释,否则“组合”可以包括同时或顺序递送本发明的化合物与一种或多种治疗剂。除非上下文另有解释,否则“组合”可以包括本发明的化合物与另一种治疗剂的剂型。除非上下文另有解释,否则“组合”可以包括本发明的化合物与另一种治疗剂的给药途径。除非上下文另有解释,否则“组合”可以包括本发明的化合物与另一种治疗剂的制剂。剂型、给药途径和药物组合物包括但不限于本文所述的那些。
通过参考以下实施例将更充分地理解本发明。然而,它们不应被视为限制本发明的范围。
实施例
这些实施例用于为技术人员提供制备和使用本发明的化合物、组合物和方法的指导。虽然描述了本发明的特定实施方案,但是技术人员将理解,可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下进行各种改变和修改。
可以容易地调整所述实施例中的化学反应以制备本发明的许多其他化合物,并且用于制备本发明的化合物的替代方法被视为在本发明的范围内。例如,可以通过对本领域技术人员而言显而易见的修改来成功地进行根据本发明的非示例性化合物的合成,例如通过利用除了上述那些以外的本领域已知的其他合适的试剂适当地保护干扰基团,和/或通过对反应条件进行常规修改。
在下面的实施例中,除非另有说明,否则所有温度均以摄氏度给出。除非另有说明,否则可商购获得的试剂购自供应商诸如Aldrich ChemicalCompany、Lancaster、TCI或Maybridge,并且在不进行进一步纯化的情况下使用。在氮气或氩气的正压力下或者用干燥管(除非另有说明)在无水溶剂中进行下面列出的反应,并且反应烧瓶典型地配备有橡胶隔片以用于通过注射器引入底物和试剂。玻璃器皿是烘箱干燥的和/或热干的。1H NMR谱是使用三甲基硅烷(TMS)或残余的非氘代溶剂峰作为参比标准在氘代CDCl3、d6-DMSO、CH3OD或d6-丙酮溶剂溶液中获得的(以ppm报告)。当报告峰多重性时,使用以下缩写:s(单峰),d(二重峰),t(三重峰),q(四重峰),m(多重峰),br(加宽的),dd(双二重峰),dt(双三重峰)。当给出偶合常数时,偶合常数以Hz(赫兹)报告。
用于描述试剂、反应条件或仪器的所有缩写旨在与“标准缩写和缩略词列表”中列出的定义一致。本发明的离散化合物的化学名称使用ChemDraw命名程序的结构命名特征获得。
缩写
MeCN 乙腈
EtOAc 乙酸乙酯
DCE 二氯乙烷
DCM 二氯甲烷
DIPEA 二异丙基乙胺
DEA 二乙胺
DMAP 4-二甲基氨基吡啶
DMF N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
DMSO 二甲亚砜
FA 甲酸
IPA 异丙醇
TFA 三氟乙酸
EDCI 1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐
HCl 盐酸
HPLC 高压液相色谱
LCMS 液相色谱质谱
MeOH 甲醇
NMP N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮
RPHPLC 反相高压液相色谱
RT 保留时间
SFC 超临界流体色谱
THF 四氢呋喃
TEA 三乙胺
实施例1&实施例2
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,4’-二氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,4’-二氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
外消旋-反式-4-((4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯基)氨基)-3-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
向4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯胺(1.33g,6.02mmol)、7-氧杂-3-氮杂二环[4.1.0]庚烷-3-甲酸叔丁酯(1.0g,5.02mmol)在1,2-二氯乙烷(30mL)中的溶液中加入Sc(OTf)3(371mg,0.75mmol)。将混合物在室温搅拌16小时。将混合物在真空中浓缩,并且将粗制残余物通过硅胶层析纯化(溶剂梯度:石油醚中的0-25%EtOAc),得到标题化合物(1.1g,52%),为黄色油状物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ6.82(d,J=6.4Hz,1H),6.54(d,J=10.4Hz,1H),4.28-4.24(m,1H),4.06-4.00(m,1H),3.82(s,3H),3.54-3.46(m,1H),3.24-3.19(m,1H),2.75-2.88(m,2H),2.09-2.05(m,1H),1.45(s,9H),1.38-1.31(m,1H)。
步骤2:
外消旋-反式-1-(4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯
在0℃在氮气气氛下向外消旋-反式-4-((4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯基)氨基)-3-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(1.1g,2.62mmol)在THF(12mL)中的溶液中加入NaH(260mg,6.56mmol)。在0℃搅拌0.5小时后,逐滴加入2-溴乙酸乙酯(0.46mL,4.2mmol)。将混合物温热至室温,并且搅拌另外16小时。将反应用NH4Cl饱和水溶液猝灭。将混合物在真空中浓缩,并且将残余物通过硅胶层析纯化(溶剂梯度:石油醚中的0-20%EtOAc),得到标题化合物(1.0g,83%),为白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.14-7.11(m,1H),6.97-6.92(m,1H),4.52-4.39(m,3H),4.20-4.10(m,1H),3.84-3.80(m,3H),3.78-3.71(m,1H),3.58-3.51(m,1H),2.73-2.55(m,2H),1.46(s,9H),1.40-1.28(m,2H)
步骤3:
外消旋-反式-1-(4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-2(3H)-酮
向外消旋-(反式)-1-(4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯(260mg,0.57mmol)在EtOAc(5mL)中的搅拌溶液中加入在EtOAc中的4M HCl(0.71mL,2.83mmol)。将混合物在室温搅拌2小时。将反应用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(10mL)猝灭并且用EtOAc(10mL x 2)萃取。将合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且在真空中浓缩,得到标题化合物(210mg,粗制),为黄色油状物,其不需要进一步纯化。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.49-7.40(m,1H),7.27-7.24(m,1H),4.32-4.21(m,2H),3.85-3.73(m,3H),3.57-3.46(m,2H),3.11-3.01(m,1H),2.85-2.72(m,1H),2.42-2.22(m,2H),1.33-1.15(m,2H)。
步骤4:
外消旋-反式-1-(3'-溴-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
在-78℃向咪唑(1.99g,29.23mmol)和3-氨基异噁唑(787mg,9.35mmol)在DCM(4mL)中的溶液中加入SO2Cl2(0.77mL,9.35mmol)。然后将混合物温热至室温并且搅拌0.5小时。逐滴加入外消旋-反式-1-(4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-2(3H)-酮(210mg,0.58mmol)在DCM(4mL)中的溶液。将反应混合物加热至40℃达1小时。将反应混合物用水(20mL)猝灭并且用DCM(20mL)萃取。将有机层用盐水(5mL)洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且在真空中浓缩。将粗制残余物通过硅胶层析纯化(溶剂梯度:DCM中的0-5%甲醇),得到标题化合物(260mg,88%),为黄色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.23(s,1H),8.08-8.06(m,1H),7.14-7.10(m,1H),6.95-6.90(m,1H),6.42-6.38(m,1H),4.49-4.33(m,2H),3.84-3.79(m,3H),3.76-3.59(m,4H),2.82-2.67(m,2H),1.54-1.35(m,2H)。
步骤5:
外消旋-反式-1-(2,4'-二氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
向外消旋-反式-1-(3’-溴-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(300mg,0.42mmol)、双(二叔丁基(4-二甲基氨基苯基)膦)二氯钯(II)(59mg,0.08mmol)、Cs2CO3(258mg,0.79mmol)和CuCl(123mg,1.25mmol)在DMF(5mL)中的溶液中加入(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸(259mg,1.25mmol)。将反应混合物在氮气气氛下加热至50℃达2小时。在冷却至室温后,将反应混合物用水(50mL)猝灭,用EtOAc(50mL)萃取。将有机层用盐水(20mL)洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且在真空中浓缩。将残余物通过反相层析纯化(乙腈65-95/0.225%甲酸,在水中),得到标题化合物(90mg,37%),为黄色油状物。LCMS(ESI)m/z:589.0[M+H]+。
步骤6:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,4’-二氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,4’-二氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(Phenomenex C2(250mm*30mm,10um),超临界CO2/EtOH+0.1%NH4OH=60/40;50mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-1-(2,4’-二氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺,得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,4’-二氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(11mg,第一峰),为白色粉末,以及(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,4’-二氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(11mg,第二峰),为白色固体。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例1:LCMS(ESI)m/z:589.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.73-8.66(m,1H),8.04-7.94(m,2H),7.71-7.63(m,1H),7.42-7.19(m,2H),6.37(s,1H),4.41-4.27(m,2H),3.88-3.78(m,4H),3.76-3.53(m,3H),2.83-2.69(m,2H),1.42-1.35(m,1H),1.41-1.23(m,2H)。实施例2:LCMS(ESI)m/z:589.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.74-8.65(m,1H),8.03-7.92(m,2H),7.71-7.63(m,1H),7.43-7.18(m,2H),6.37(s,1H),4.41-4.27(m,2H),3.89-3.78(m,4H),3.76-3.53(m,3H),2.83-2.68(m,2H),1.42-1.19(m,2H)
实施例3&实施例4
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯
向3-(三氟甲基)苯基硼酸(11.83g,62.27mmol)、外消旋-反式-1-(4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯(26.0g,56.61mmol)和K2CO3(23.47g,169.82mmol)在水(50mL)和1,4-二噁烷(260mL)中的溶液中加入四(三苯基膦)钯(6.54g,5.66mmol)。将反应混合物在氮气气氛下加热至100℃达16小时。在冷却至室温后,将反应混合物用水(50mL)稀释并且用EtOAc(150mL x 3)萃取。将合并的有机层用水(160mL)、盐水(140mL)洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且在真空中浓缩。将粗制残余物通过硅胶层析纯化(溶剂梯度:石油醚中的0-35%乙酸乙酯),得到标题化合物(29g,98%),为黄色油状物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.77(s,1H),7.75-7.64(m,2H),7.62-7.56(m,1H),7.05-6.94(m,2H),4.59-4.30(m,3H),4.26-4.00(m,1H),3.92-3.85(m,3H),3.84-3.78(m,1H),3.67-3.52(m,1H),2.85-2.54(m,2H),1.68-1.57(m,1H),1.48(s,9H),1.40-1.30(m,1H)。
步骤2:
外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-2(3H)-酮
向外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯(29.0g,55.29mmol)在EtOAc(260mL)中的溶液中加入在EtOAc中的4M HCl(276mL,1105.8mmol)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时。将反应混合物在真空中浓缩以得到标题化合物(23g,98%),为黄色固体,其不需要进一步纯化。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.25-8.20(m,1H),7.78-7.75(m,1H),7.70-7.62(m,2H),7.60-7.50(m,1H),6.99-6.94(m,2H),4.55-4.41(m,2H),3.91-3.85(m,3H),3.83-3.54(m,2H),3.39-3.31(m,1H),3.09-2.98(m,1H),2.71-2.51(m,2H),1.62-1.24(m,2H)。
步骤3:
外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
在-78℃向咪唑(18.45g,270.98mmol)和3-氨基异噁唑(7.29g,86.71mmol)在DCM(500mL)中的溶液中加入SO2Cl2(11.70g,86.71mmol)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌30分钟。然后逐滴加入在DCM(500mL)中的外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-2(3H)-酮(23.0g,54.2mmol)。将反应混合物加热至40℃达1小时。将反应混合物用水(50mL)稀释并且用EtOAc(200mL)萃取。将有机层用水(50mL)、柠檬酸饱和水溶液(50mL)、盐水(40mL)洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且在真空中浓缩。将残余物通过硅胶层析纯化(溶剂梯度:石油醚中的0-25%EtOAc(10%MeOH)),得到标题化合物(22g,粗制)。将粗产物(28g)从丙-2-醇(90mL)中重结晶,得到标题化合物(18.7g,60%),为黄色固体。LCMS(ESI)m/z:571.1[M+H]+。
步骤4:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(Chiralpak AD(250mm*50mm,10um)),超临界CO2/EtOH+0.1%NH4OH=60/40;200mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(18.7g),得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(5.92g,31.7%,第二峰),为白色固体,以及(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(7.93g,42%,第一峰),为白色固体。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例3:LCMS(ESI)m/z:571.2[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.20(s,1H),8.81-8.76(m,1H),7.95-7.90(m,2H),7.84-7.72(m,2H),7.42-7.19(m,2H),6.41-6.38(m,1H),4.41-4.27(m,2H),3.90-3.79(m,4H),3.73-3.56(m,3H),2.88-2.65(m,2H),1.53-1.18(m,2H)。实施例4:LCMS(ESI)m/z:571.2[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.20(s,1H),8.81-8.76(m,1H),7.95-7.90(m,2H),7.84-7.72(m,2H),7.42-7.19(m,2H),6.41-6.38(m,1H),4.41-4.27(m,2H),3.90-3.79(m,4H),3.73-3.56(m,3H),2.88-2.65(m,2H),1.53-1.18(m,2H)。
实施例5&实施例6
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,3’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,3’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
外消旋-反式-1-(2,3'-二氟-5-甲氧基-5'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
按照实施例1、步骤5所述的程序并且根据需要进行非关键性修改以将(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸替换为(3-氟-5-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸,得到外消旋-反式-1-(2,3’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(150mg,43%收率),为黄色油状物。
步骤2:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,3’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,3’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(chiralpak IC(250mm*30mm,5um),超临界CO2/EtOH+0.1%NH4OH=55/45;60mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,3’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(150mg),得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,3’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(15mg,第一峰),为白色固体,以及(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,3’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(16mg,第二峰),为白色固体。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例5:LCMS(ESI)m/z:589.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.18(s,1H),8.78-8.73(m,1H),7.86(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.83-7.75(m,2H),7.45-7.20(m,2H),6.41-6.37(m,1H),4.45-4.26(m,2H),3.90-3.72(m,5H),3.71-3.58(m,2H),2.87-2.69(m,2H),1.53-1.20(m,2H)。实施例6:LCMS(ESI)m/z:589.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.18(s,1H),8.80-8.71(m,1H),7.87(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.83-7.76(m,2H),7.45-7.21(m,2H),6.41-6.37(m,1H),4.42-4.28(m,2H),3.91-3.71(m,5H),3.70-3.56(m,2H),2.86-2.69(m,2H),1.51-1.20(m,2H)。
实施例7&实施例8
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,2’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,2’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
外消旋-反式-1-(2,2'-二氟-5-甲氧基-5'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
按照实施例1、步骤5所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸替换为(2-氟-5-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸,得到外消旋-反式-1-(2,2’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(120mg,29%),为黄色油状物。
步骤2:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,2’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,2’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(chiralpak IC(250mm*30mm,5um),超临界CO2/EtOH+0.1%NH4OH=60/40;50mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-1-(2,2’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(120mg),得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,2’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(32mg,第一峰),为白色固体,以及(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,2’-二氟-5-甲氧基-5’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(30mg,第二峰),为白色固体。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例7:LCMS(ESI)m/z:589.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.15(s,1H),8.70-8.61(m,1H),7.96-7.88(m,2H),7.62-7.57(m,1H),7.39-7.18(m,2H),6.33(s,1H),4.37-4.30(m,2H),3.82-3.74(m,4H),3.70-3.48(m,3H),2.79-2.60(m,2H),1.47-1.32(m,2H)。实施例8:LCMS(ESI)m/z:589.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.15(s,1H),8.76-8.69(m,1H),7.96-7.88(m,2H),7.62-7.57(m,1H),7.39-7.18(m,2H),6.37-6.34(m,1H),4.38-4.28(m,2H),3.82-3.74(m,4H),3.72-3.50(m,3H),2.82-2.69(m,2H),1.49-1.34(m,2H)。
实施例9&实施例10
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,3'-二氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,3'-二氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
外消旋-反式-1-(2,3'-二氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
按照实施例1、步骤5所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸替换为(3-氟苯基)硼酸,得到外消旋-反式-1-(2,3’-二氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(60mg,58%),为黄色油状物。LCMS(ESI)m/z:521.1[M+H]+。
步骤2:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,3'-二氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,3'-二氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(Phenomenex C2(250mm*30mm,5um),超临界CO2/EtOH+0.1%NH4OH=50/50;80mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,3’-二氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(150mg),得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,3’-二氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(28mg,第一峰),为白色固体,以及(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,3’-二氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(29mg,第二峰),为白色固体。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例9:LCMS(ESI)m/z:521.0[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.18(s,1H),8.81-8.74(m,1H),7.59-7.43(m,3H),7.39-7.15(m,3H),6.41-6.36(m,1H),4.42-4.27(m,2H),3.89-3.78(m,4H),3.75-3.56(m,3H),2.88-2.68(m,2H),1.54-1.17(m,2H)。实施例10:LCMS(ESI)m/z:521.0[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.19(s,1H),8.81-8.73(m,1H),7.59-7.42(m,3H),7.39-7.15(m,3H),6.41-6.36(m,1H),4.42-4.26(m,2H),3.90-3.78(m,4H),3.77-3.56(m,3H),2.88-2.70(m,2H),1.53-1.18(m,2H)。
实施例11&实施例12
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,2’-二氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,2’-二氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
外消旋-反式-(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,2'-二氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
按照实施例1、步骤5所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸替换为(2-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸,得到外消旋-反式-1-(2,2’-二氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(40mg,9%),为黄色油状物。LCMS(ESI)m/z:589.1[M+H]+。
步骤2:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,2'-二氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,2'-二氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(Chiralpak C2(250mm*30mm,5um),超临界CO2/EtOH+0.1%NH4OH=40/60;55mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-1-(2,2’-二氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(40mg),得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(2,2’-二氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(12mg,第一峰),为白色粉末,以及(4aS,8aS)-1-(2,2’-二氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(12mg,第二峰),为白色粉末。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例11:LCMS(ESI)m/z:589.2[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.36(s,1H),7.90-7.85(m,2H),7.56-7.51(m,1H),7.23-7.17(m,2H),6.24(s,1H),4.36-4.23(m,2H),3.83-3.74(m,3H),3.73-3.51(m,2H),3.48-3.36(m,2H),2.60-2.50(m,2H),1.45-1.20(m,2H)。实施例12:LCMS(ESI)m/z:589.2[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.39(s,1H),7.92-7.83(m,2H),7.55-7.52(m,1H),7.25-7.15(m,2H),6.25(s,1H),4.37-4.22(m,2H),3.80-3.74(m,3H),3.70-3.52(m,2H),3.50-3.40(m,2H),2.60-2.50(m,2H),1.40-1.20(m,2H)。
实施例13&实施例14
(4aR,8aR)-1-(3'-氯-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(3'-氯-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
外消旋-反式-1-(3'-氯-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
按照实施例1、步骤5所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸替换为(3-氯苯基)硼酸,得到外消旋-反式-1-(3’-氯-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(50mg,23%),为白色固体。LCMS(ESI)m/z:537.1[M+H]+。
步骤2:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(3'-氯-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(3'-氯-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(Chiralpak C2 IC(250mm*30mm,5um),超临界CO2/EtOH+0.1%NH4OH=40/60;55mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-1-(3’-氯-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(50mg),得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(3’-氯-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(4mg,第一峰),为白色固体,以及(4aS,8aS)-1-(3’-氯-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(7mg,第二峰),为白色固体。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例13:LCMS(ESI)m/z:537.0[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.32(s,1H),7.70-7.67(m,1H),7.57-7.51(m,2H),7.24-7.19(m,2H),6.25(s,1H),4.44-4.34(m,2H),3.87-3.80(m,3H),3.77-3.67(m,1H),3.67-3.40(m,3H),2.54-2.50(m,2H),1.45-1.20(m,2H)。实施例14:LCMS(ESI)m/z:537.2[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.18(s,1H),7.68-7.63(m,1H),7.57-7.52(m,2H),7.48-7.46(m,1H),7.20-7.15(m,2H),6.19-6.17(m,1H),4.36-4.21(m,2H),3.83-3.76(m,3H),3.67-3.56(m,2H),3.53-3.39(m,2H),2.35-2.31(m,2H),1.42-1.20(m,2H)。
实施例15&实施例16
(4aR,8aR)-1-(3'-(二氟甲基)-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&
(4aS,8aS)-1-(3'-(二氟甲基)-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
按照实施例1、步骤5所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸替换为(3-(二氟甲基)-苯基)硼酸,得到外消旋-反式-1-(3’-(二氟甲基)-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(30mg,14%),为白色固体。
步骤2:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(3’-(二氟甲基)-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(3'-(二氟甲基)-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(Chiralpak C2 IC(250mm*30mm,5um),超临界CO2/EtOH+0.1%NH4OH=45/55;50mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-1-(3’-(二氟甲基)-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(30mg),得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(3’-(二氟甲基)-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(6mg,第一峰),为白色固体,以及(4aS,8aS)-1-(3’-(二氟甲基)-2-氟-5-甲氧基-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(8.5mg,第二峰),为白色固体。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例15:LCMS(ESI)m/z:553.2[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.28(s,1H),7.82-7.76(m,2H),7.69-7.65(m,2H),7.45-7.22(m,2H),7.20-7.00(m,1H),6.24(s,1H),4.39-4.30(m,2H),3.87-3.80(m,3H),3.77-3.67(m,1H),3.63-3.56(m,1H),3.47-3.40(m,3H),1.46-1.33(m,2H),1.32-1.23(m,1H)。实施例16:LCMS(ESI)m/z:553.2[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.30(s,1H),7.82-7.75(m,2H),7.69-7.61(m,2H),7.45-7.22(m,2H),7.20-7.00(m,1H),6.24(s,1H),4.38-4.24(m,2H),3.87-3.80(s,3H),3.72-3.70(m,1H),3.65-3.56(m,1H),3.45-3.42(m,1H),3.29-3.26(m,2H),1.46-1.34(m,2H),1.30-1.23(s,1H)。
实施例17&实施例18
(4aR,8aR)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-1-(3-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-1-(3-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
外消旋-反式-1-(4-溴-2-甲氧基苯基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
按照实施例1、步骤1-4所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯胺替换为4-溴-2-甲氧基苯胺,得到外消旋-反式-1-(4-溴-2-甲氧基苯基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(110mg,25%),为黄色固体。LCMS(ESI)m/z:487.0[M+H]+。
步骤2:
外消旋-反式-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-1-(3-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
按照实施例1、步骤5所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将外消旋-反式-1-(4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺替换为外消旋-反式-1-(4-溴-2-甲氧基苯基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺,将(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸替换为(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸,得到外消旋-反式-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-1-(3-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(95mg,76%),为黄色固体。LCMS(ESI)m/z:553.2[M+H]+。
步骤3:
(4aR,8aR)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-1-(3-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-1-(3-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(Chiralpak IC(250mm*30mm,5um),超临界CO2/EtOH+0.1%NH4OH=50/50;80mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-(4aR,8aR)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-1-(3-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(90mg),得到(4aR,8aR)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-1-(3-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(20mg,第一峰),为白色固体,以及(4aS,8aS)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-1-(3-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(19mg,第二峰),为白色固体。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例17:LCMS(ESI)m/z:553.1[M+H]+。1HNMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ8.52(s,1H),7.93-7.91(m,2H),7.69-7.63(m,2H),7.33-7.20(m,3H),6.44(s,1H),4.48-4.38(m,2H),4.03-4.01(m,1H),3.94-3.90(m,3H),3.76-3.72(m,3H),2.89-2.77(m,2H),1.44-1.48(m,1H),1.38-1.24(m,1H)。实施例18:LCMS(ESI)m/z:553.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ8.65(s,1H),7.94-7.86(m,2H),7.72-7.61(m,2H),7.39-7.20(m,3H),6.56(s,1H),4.51-4.32(m,2H),4.05-4.00(m,1H),3.97-3.88(m,3H),3.80-3.65(m,3H),2.95-2.70(m,2H),1.50-1.27(m,2H)。
实施例19&实施例20
(4aR,8aR)-1-(3-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(3-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
外消旋-反式-(4aR,8aR)-1-(4-溴-2-氟-6-甲氧基苯基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
按照实施例1、步骤1-4所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯胺替换为4-溴-2-氟-6-甲氧基苯胺,得到外消旋-反式-(4aR,8aR)-1-(4-溴-2-氟-6-甲氧基苯基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(40mg,51%),为绿色油状物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.28(s,1H),7.07-6.88(m,2H),6.49-6.44(m,1H),4.51-4.39(m,2H),4.05-4.00(m,1H),3.87-3.83(m,3H),3.82-3.73(m,2H),3.73-3.55(m,2H),3.50-3.45(m,1H),2.85-2.72(m,2H),1.59-1.43(m,2H)。
步骤2:
外消旋-反式-1-(3-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
按照实施例1、步骤5所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将外消旋-反式-1-(4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺替换为外消旋-反式-1-(4-溴-2-氟-6-甲氧基苯基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺,将(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸替换为(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸,得到外消旋-反式-1-(3-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(110mg,29%收率),为白色固体。LCMS(ESI)m/z:571.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.31(s,1H),7.77(s,1H),7.74-7.65(m,2H),7.62-7.56(m,1H),7.02-6.98(m,1H),6.93-6.90(m,1H),6.48(s,1H),4.57-4.43(m,2H),4.17-4.07(m,1H),3.95-3.90(m,3H),3.85-3.65(m,3H),2.88-2.77(m,2H),2.06-2.04(m,1H),1.29-1.24(m,1H)。
步骤3:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(3-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(3-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(Chiralpak AD(250mm*30mm,5um),超临界CO2/EtOH+0.1%NH4OH=75/25;60mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-1-(3-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(110mg),得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(3-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(30mg,第一峰),为白色固体,以及(4aS,8aS)-1-(3-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(25mg,第二峰),为白色固体。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例19:LCMS(ESI)m/z:571.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.31(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.78(s,1H),7.74-7.65(m,2H),7.62-7.57(m,1H),7.03-6.99(m,1H),6.92(s,1H),6.48(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),4.56-4.45(m,2H),4.10-4.05(m,1H),3.94(s,3H),3.84-3.74(m,3H),2.89-2.78(m,2H),1.64-1.60(m,2H)。实施例20:LCMS(ESI)m/z:571.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.26-8.20(m,1H),8.12-8.05(m,2H),7.81-7.70(m,2H),7.40-7.25(m,2H),6.22(s,1H),4.44-4.28(m,2H),3.90(s,3H),3.75-3.70(m,1H),3.68-3.60(m,1H),3.45-3.40(m,2H),2.45-2.37(m,2H),1.45-1.31(m,2H)。
实施例21&实施例22
(4aR,8aR)-1-(5-氟-2-甲氧基-6-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)吡啶-3-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&
(4aS,8aS)-1-(5-氟-2-甲氧基-6-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)吡啶-3-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
外消旋-反式-1-(6-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
按照实施例1、步骤1-4所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯胺替换为6-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基吡啶-3-胺,得到外消旋-反式-1-(6-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(290mg,45%),为黄色固体。LCMS(ESI)m/z:505.9[M+H]+。
步骤2:
外消旋-反式-1-(5-氟-2-甲氧基-6-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)吡啶-3-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
按照实施例1、步骤5所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将外消旋-反式-1-(4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺替换为外消旋-反式-1-(6-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺,将(4-氟-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸替换为(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)硼酸,得到外消旋-反式--1-(5-氟-2-甲氧基-6-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)吡啶-3-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(150mg,55%),为白色固体。LCMS(ESI)m/z:572.2[M+H]+。
步骤3:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(5-氟-2-甲氧基-6-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)吡啶-3-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&
(4aS,8aS)-1-(5-氟-2-甲氧基-6-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)吡啶-3-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(Chiralpak IC(250mm*30mm,5um),超临界CO2/EtOH+0.1%NH4OH=55/45;60mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-1-(5-氟-2-甲氧基-6-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)吡啶-3-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(150mg),得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(5-氟-2-甲氧基-6-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)吡啶-3-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(55mg,第一峰),为白色固体,以及(4aS,8aS)-1-(5-氟-2-甲氧基-6-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)吡啶-3-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(70mg,第二峰),为白色固体。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例21:LCMS(ESI)m/z:572.2[M+H]+。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.52-8.50(m,1H),8.29(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),8.25(s,1H),8.09-7.84(m,2H),7.83-7.76(m,1H),6.35-6.26(m,1H),4.45-4.27(m,2H),4.02-3.90(m,3H),3.82-3.61(m,3H),3.54-3.50(m,1H),2.65-2.55(m,2H),1.47-1.40(m,1H),1.34-1.20(m,1H)。实施例22:LCMS(ESI)m/z:572.2[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.47-8.44(m,1H),8.28(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),8.25(s,1H),8.09-7.84(m,2H),7.83-7.76(m,1H),6.32-6.25(m,1H),4.45-4.27(m,2H),4.00-3.91(m,3H),3.82-3.59(m,3H),3.52-3.49(m,1H),2.63-2.54(m,2H),1.45-1.39(m,1H),1.32-1.17(m,1H)。
实施例23&实施例24
(4aR,8aR)-1-(5-氰基-2-氟-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(5-氰基-2-氟-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
外消旋-反式-4-((5-氯-2-氟-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)氨基)-3-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
按照实施例1、步骤1所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯胺替换为5-氯-2-氟-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-胺,得到外消旋-反式-4-((5-氯-2-氟-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)氨基)-3-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(200mg,37%),为黄色油状物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.61(s,1H),7.53(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.46-7.36(m,2H),7.23(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),6.55(d,J=13.2Hz,1H),4.39(s,1H),4.18-4.09(m,1H),3.95-3.85(m,1H),3.55-3.43(m,1H),3.31-3.18(m,1H),2.97-2.70(m,2H),2.08-1.97(m,1H),1.37(s,9H),1.36-1.34(m,1H)。
步骤2:
外消旋-反式-1-(5-氯-2-氟-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯
按照实施例1、步骤2所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将外消旋-反式-4-((4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯基)氨基)-3-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯替换为外消旋-反式-4-((5-氯-2-氟-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)氨基)-3-羟基哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯,得到外消旋-反式-1-(5-氯-2-氟-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯(6.1g,85%),为黄色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.78(s,1H),7.75-7.67(m,2H),7.65-7.56(m,2H),7.18-7.05(m,1H),4.63-4.35(m,3H),4.31-4.17(m,1H),3.95-3.53(m,2H),2.86-2.54(m,2H),1.48(s,9H),1.47-1.45(m,2H)。
步骤3:
外消旋-反式-1-(5-氰基-2-氟-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯
向外消旋-反式-1-(5-氯-2-氟-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯(400mg,0.76mmol)、KOAc(223mg,2.27mmol)和K4Fe(CN)6·3H2O(223mg,0.38mmol)在1,4-二噁烷(4mL)和水(4mL)中的溶液中加入2-二叔丁基膦基-2’,4’,6’-三异丙基联苯(32mg,0.08mmol)和[(2-二叔丁基膦基-2’,4’,6’-三异丙基-1,1’-联苯基)-2-(2’-氨基-1,1’-联苯基)]甲磺酸钯(II)(60mg,0.08mmol)。将反应混合物在氮气气氛下加热至100℃达16小时。在冷却至室温后,加入EtOAc(30mL),并且用盐水(10mL)洗涤。将有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并且在真空中浓缩。将粗制残余物通过硅胶层析纯化(溶剂梯度:石油醚中的0-25%EtOAc),得到标题化合物(200mg,51%),为黄色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.86(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.79-7.62(m,4H),7.24-7.17(m,1H),4.68-4.36(m,3H),4.31-4.01(m,1H),3.83-3.55(m,2H),2.90-2.60(m,2H),1.50-1.40(m,11H)
步骤4:
外消旋-反式-6-氟-4-((4aR,8aR)-2-氧代八氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-1-基)-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-3-甲腈
向外消旋-反式-1-(5-氰基-2-氟-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯在EtOAc(4mL)中的溶液中加入在EtOAc中的4M HCl(0.48mL,1.92mmol)。将溶液在室温搅拌2小时。将反应混合物用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(30mL)猝灭并且用EtOAc(30mL)萃取。将有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且在真空中浓缩,得到标题化合物(180mg,粗制),为黄色固体,其不需要进一步纯化。
步骤5:
外消旋-反式-1-(5-氰基-2-氟-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
按照实施例1、步骤4所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将外消旋-反式-1-(4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基苯基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-2(3H)-酮替换为外消旋-反式-6-氟-4-((4aR,8aR)-2-氧代八氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-1-基)-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-3-甲腈,得到外消旋-反式-1-(5-氰基-2-氟-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(120mg,49%),为黄色油状物。LCMS(ESI)m/z:565.7[M+H]+。
步骤6:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(5-氰基-2-氟-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(5-氰基-2-氟-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(Phenomenex C2(250mm*30mm,5um),超临界CO2/EtOH+0.1%NH4OH=60/40;55mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-1-(5-氰基-2-氟-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(120mg),得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(5-氰基-2-氟-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(25mg,第一峰),为白色固体,以及(4aS,8aS)-1-(5-氰基-2-氟-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(23mg,第二峰),为白色固体。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例23:LCMS(ESI)m/z:566.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.23(s,1H),8.75(s,1H),8.42-8.30(m,1H),8.01(s,1H),7.96(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.89-7.64(m,3H),6.40(s,1H),4.52-4.40(m,2H),4.08-3.98(m,1H),3.94-3.82(m,1H),3.81-3.67(m,1H),3.66-3.58(m,1H),2.88-2.75(m,2H),1.68-1.45(m,1H),1.34-1.19(m,1H)。实施例24:LCMS(ESI)m/z:566.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.23(s,1H),8.75(s,1H),8.42-8.30(m,1H),8.01(s,1H),7.96(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.89-7.64(m,3H),6.40(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),4.52-4.40(m,2H),4.08-3.98(m,1H),3.94-3.82(m,1H),3.81-3.67(m,1H),3.66-3.58(m,1H),2.88-2.75(m,2H),1.68-1.45(m,1H),1.34-1.19(m,1H)。
实施例25&实施例26
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯
在0℃在氮气气氛下向外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯(1.76g,3.36mmol)在四氢呋喃(20mL)中的溶液中加入硼烷二甲硫醚配合物(1.01mL,10.07mmol)。然后将混合物在室温搅拌16小时。将混合物用MeOH(20mL)逐滴猝灭,然后加热至80℃达1小时。将反应混合物在真空中浓缩,并且将粗制残余物通过硅胶层析纯化(溶剂梯度:石油醚中的10-20%EtOAc),得到标题化合物(1.27g,74%),为无色油状物。
步骤2:
外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)八氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪盐酸盐
向外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯(600mg,1.18mmol)在EtOAc(5mL)中的溶液中加入在EtOAc中的4M HCl(1.47mL,5.88mmol)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌2小时。将反应混合物在真空中浓缩以得到标题化合物(480mg,粗制),为无色油状物,其不需要进一步纯化。LCMS(ESI)m/z:411.2[M+H]+。
步骤3:
外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
在-78℃向咪唑(1.66g,24.37mmol)和3-氨基异噁唑(0.66g,7.8mmol)在DCM(15ml)中的溶液中加入SO2Cl2(0.64mL,7.8mmol)。在室温搅拌30分钟后,加入外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)八氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪盐酸盐(400mg,0.97mmol)。将混合物在氮气气氛下加热至80℃达1小时。将反应用水(20mL)稀释并且用二氯甲烷(20mL x 3)萃取。将合并的有机层用盐水(20mL x 2)洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且在真空中浓缩。将残余物通过制备型TLC纯化(EtOAc/石油醚=1/1),得到标题化合物(180mg,29%),为浅黄色油状物。LCMS(ESI)m/z:557.2[M+H]+。
步骤4:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(Chiralpak AD(250mm*30mm,10um),超临界CO2/IPA+0.1%NH4OH=70/30;50mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(180mg,0.32mmol),得到(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(32mg,第一峰),为浅黄色固体,以及(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(45mg,第二峰),为白色固体。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例25:LCMS(ESI)m/z:557.1[M+H]+。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.13(s,1H),8.75(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.86-7.90(m,2H),7.68-7.77(m,2H),7.17(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),7.12(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.40(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),3.84-3.85(m,4H),3.71-3.78(m,1H),3.64-3.70(m,1H),3.58-3.55(m,1H),3.26-3.31(m,1H),3.07(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),2.87-2.93(m,2H),2.69-2.80(m,2H),1.83-1.78(m,1H),1.06-1.13(m,1H)。实施例26:LCMS(ESI)m/z:557.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.13(s,1H),8.76(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.86-7.91(m,2H),7.68-7.78(m,2H),7.18(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),7.13(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.40(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),3.84-3.85(s,4H),3.71-3.80(m,1H),3.64-3.70(m,1H),3.58-3.55(m,1H),3.27-3.31(m,1H),3.07(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),2.88-2.94(m,2H),2.70-2.81(m,2H),1.83-1.78(m,1H),1.04-1.16(m,1H)。
实施例27&实施例28
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(嘧啶-4-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&
(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(嘧啶-4-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
N-(2,4-二甲氧基苄基)-N-(嘧啶-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-磺酰胺
向N-[(2,4-二甲氧基苯基)甲基]嘧啶-4-胺(1.0g,4.08mmol)和1,1’-磺酰基二咪唑(3.23g,16.31mmol)在THF(2mL)中的溶液中逐滴加入双(三甲基甲硅烷基)氨基锂(1M,12.23mL,12.23mmol)。然后将混合物在氮气气氛下加热至80℃达3小时。将反应用水(100mL)猝灭,用EtOAc(50mL x 2)萃取。将合并的有机层用盐水(100mL)洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且在真空中浓缩。将残余物通过硅胶层析纯化(溶剂梯度:DCM中的0-5%MeOH),得到标题化合物(2.2g,10%),为浅黄色固体。LCMS(ESI)m/z:376.1[M+H]+。
步骤2:
外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(嘧啶-4-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
将20-mL小瓶装入在乙腈(10mL)中的外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)八氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪(100mg,0.24mmol)、N-(2,4-二甲氧基苄基)-N-(嘧啶-4-基)-1H-咪唑-1-磺酰胺(1.70g,0.32mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(110mg,0.85mmol)。将小瓶用PTFE加衬帽密封并且加热至130℃达5.5小时。在冷却至室温后,将混合物在真空中浓缩。将残余物用EtOAc(30mL)稀释。将有机层用柠檬酸饱和水溶液(20mL)、盐水(20mL)洗涤,用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且在真空中浓缩。将残余物通过反相层析纯化(乙腈54-84%/0.225%甲酸,在水中),得到标题化合物(10mg,7%),为白色固体。LCMS(ESI)m/z:568.1[M+H]+。
步骤3:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(嘧啶-4-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(嘧啶-4-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(Phenomenex C2(250mm*30mm,10um),超临界CO2/EtOH+0.1%NH4OH=50/50;60mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(嘧啶-4-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(10mg),得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(嘧啶-4-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(5mg,第一峰),为白色固体,以及(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(嘧啶-4-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(3mg,第二峰),为白色固体。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例27:LCMS(ESI)m/z:568.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.45(s,1H),8.08(s,1H),7.92-7.84(m,2H),7.79-7.67(m,2H),7.21-7.09(m,2H),6.82-6.78(m,1H),3.85-3.82(m,4H),3.81-3.70(m,1H),3.62-3.60(m,1H),3.49-3.46(m,2H),3.09-3.05(m,1H),2.91-2.57(m,4H),1.80-1.77(m,1H),1.17-1.06(m,1H)。实施例28:LCMS(ESI)m/z:568.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.47(s,1H),8.10(s,1H),7.92-7.83(m,2H),7.78-7.67(m,2H),7.20-7.09(m,2H),6.84-6.81(m,1H),3.88-3.81(m,4H),3.80-3.70(m,1H),3.62-3.60(m,1H),3.51-3.47(m,2H),3.08-3.05(m,1H),2.90-2.70(m,3H),2.67-2.57(m,1H),1.81-1.78(m,1H),1.18-1.06(m,1H)。
实施例29&实施例30
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲氧基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲氧基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
按照实施例3所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将3-(三氟甲基)苯基硼酸替换为3-(三氟甲氧基)苯基硼酸,得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲氧基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(第一峰)和(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(第二峰)。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例29:LCMS(ESI)m/z:587.0[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.16(s,1H),8.77(dd,J=6.0,1.8Hz,1H),7.76–7.62(m,2H),7.60(s,1H),7.50–7.41(m,1H),7.30–7.15(m,2H),6.39(t,J=2.1Hz,1H),4.43–4.28(m,2H),3.90–3.79(m,4H),3.79–3.66(m,1H),3.62(td,J=9.7,4.4Hz,1H),2.89–2.69(m,2H),1.45(dd,J=30.8,8.5Hz,2H)。实施例30:LCMS(ESI)m/z:587.0[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.16(s,1H),8.75(dd,J=6.3,1.8Hz,1H),7.70–7.63(m,2H),7.61(d,J=9.9Hz,1H),7.50–7.41(m,1H),7.30–7.14(m,2H),6.39(t,J=2.0Hz,1H),4.35(d,J=15.4Hz,2H),3.89–3.79(m,4H),3.78–3.54(m,2H),3.42–3.34(m,1H),2.88–2.64(m,2H),1.56–1.19(m,2H)。
实施例31&实施例32
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲氧基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲氧基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺
按照实施例25所述的程序并且进行非关键性修改以将外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯替换为
外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲氧基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-2-氧代六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-甲酸叔丁酯,得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲氧基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(第一峰)和(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲氧基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)六氢-1H-吡啶并[3,4-b][1,4]噁嗪-6(7H)-磺酰胺(第二峰)。实施例31:LCMS(ESI)m/z:573.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.12(s,1H),8.76(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.66–7.57(m,2H),7.55(dd,J=2.3,1.3Hz,1H),7.42–7.36(m,1H),7.16(d,J=12.1Hz,1H),7.10(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.40(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),3.90–3.84(m,1H),3.84(s,3H),3.75(td,J=11.4,2.6Hz,1H),3.71–3.65(m,1H),3.62–3.53(m,1H),3.30–3.24(m,1H),3.07(d,J=11.5Hz,1H),2.96–2.86(m,2H),2.83–2.69(m,2H),1.81(d,J=13.1Hz,1H),1.17–1.02(m,1H)。实施例32:LCMS(ESI)m/z:573.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.12(s,1H),8.76(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.65–7.57(m,2H),7.55(dd,J=2.5,1.4Hz,1H),7.40(ddt,J=6.5,2.6,1.2Hz,1H),7.16(d,J=12.1Hz,1H),7.10(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),6.40(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),3.91–3.85(m,1H),3.84(s,3H),3.75(td,J=11.5,2.6Hz,1H),3.71–3.64(m,1H),3.62–3.53(m,1H),3.07(d,J=11.5Hz,1H),2.90(tt,J=9.3,2.5Hz,2H),2.74(t,J=11.2Hz,2H),1.81(dd,J=13.7,3.5Hz,1H),1.09(qd,J=11.5,9.9,3.0Hz,1H)。
实施例33&实施例34
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-2H-吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-6(4H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-2H-吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-6(4H)-磺酰胺
步骤1
外消旋-反式-2-氧代六氢-2H-吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-6(4H)-甲酸叔丁酯
向外消旋-反式-八氢吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-2-酮盐酸盐(500mg,2.59mmol)在MeOH(6mL)中的悬浮液中加入TEA(656mg,6.49mmol)。加入Boc2O(680mg,3.11mmol)。将混合物在室温搅拌18小时。然后将混合物浓缩。将残余物在DCM和水之间分配。将水层用DCM(2x)萃取。将合并的有机物干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并且浓缩。将粗产物通过硅胶急骤层析纯化(0-10%MeOH/DCM),得到标题化合物(600mg,90%),为白色固体。LCMS(ESI)m/z 257[M+H]+。
步骤2:
外消旋-反式-1-[5-氟-2-甲氧基-4-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯基]-2-氧代-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-六氢吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-6-甲酸叔丁酯
将外消旋-反式-2-氧代-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-六氢-1H-吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-6-甲酸叔丁酯(410mg,1.6mmol)、1-氟-5-碘-4-甲氧基-2-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯(792mg,2.0mmol)、CuI(335mg,1.76mmol)、(+/-)-反式-1,2-二氨基环己烷(183mg,1.6mmol)和CsF(608mg,4.0mmol)在2-MeTHF(10mL)中的混合物在100℃加热18小时,然后在120℃加热48。将混合物过滤掉硅藻土,浓缩。将粗产物通过硅胶急骤层析纯化(0-100%iPrOAc/庚烷),得到标题化合物(160mg,19%),为褐色油状物。LCMS(ESI)m/z 525[M+H]+。
步骤3:
外消旋-反式-1-[5-氟-2-甲氧基-4-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯基]-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-六氢-4H-吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-2-酮
向外消旋-反式-1-[5-氟-2-甲氧基-4-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯基]-2-氧代-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-六氢吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-6-甲酸叔丁酯(160mg,0.301mmol)在1,4-二噁烷(4mL)中的溶液中加入HCl(4M,在二噁烷中,1.9mL)。将混合物在室温搅拌17小时。将混合物浓缩,用DCM稀释,用饱和NaHCO3洗涤。将水层用DCM(2x)萃取。将合并的有机物干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并且浓缩,得到标题化合物(130mg,100%),为黄色油状物,其直接用于下一个步骤中。LCMS(ESI)m/z 425[M+H]+。
步骤4:
外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-2H-吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-6(4H)-磺酰胺
在-78℃向异噁唑-3-胺(128mg,1.53mmol)和咪唑(311mg,4.58mmol)在DCM(4mL)中的溶液中逐滴加入SO2Cl2(206mg,1.53mmol)。将混合物温热至室温并且搅拌30分钟。加入在DCM(1mL)中的外消旋-反式-1-[5-氟-2-甲氧基-4-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯基]-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-六氢-4H-吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-2-酮(129mg,0.305mmol)。将混合物在80℃加热30分钟。将混合物用水猝灭,用DCM(3x)萃取。将合并的有机物干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并且浓缩。将粗产物通过硅胶急骤层析纯化(0-10%MeOH/DCM),得到标题化合物(121mg,69%),为黄色油状物。LCMS(ESI)m/z 571[M+H]+。
步骤5:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-2H-吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-6(4H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-2H-吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-6(4H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(Whelko-01(150mm*21.2mm,5um),超临界CO2/MeOH+0.1%NH4OH=60/40;80mL/min)分离外消旋-反式-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-2H-吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-6(4H)-磺酰胺,得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-2H-吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-6(4H)-磺酰胺(第一峰)&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代六氢-2H-吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪-6(4H)-磺酰胺(第二峰),为灰白色固体。绝对构型对于每个对映异构体是任意指定的。实施例33:LCMS(ESI)m/z:571.0[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.08(s,1H),8.75(dd,J=5.7,1.7Hz,1H),7.92(d,J=5.7Hz,2H),7.81(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.75(t,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.47–7.08(m,2H),6.39(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),4.40–4.29(m,1H),4.11(p,J=10.6Hz,1H),3.94–3.71(m,4H),3.69–3.52(m,2H),2.80–2.57(m,2H),2.24–1.95(m,1H),1.48–1.12(m,2H)。实施例34:LCMS(ESI)m/z:571.0[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.08(s,1H),8.73(dd,J=6.0,1.8Hz,1H),7.92(d,J=6.1Hz,2H),7.86–7.68(m,2H),7.47–7.05(m,2H),6.38(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),4.43–4.24(m,1H),4.12(q,J=11.0Hz,1H),3.85(d,J=26.2Hz,4H),3.71–3.47(m,2H),2.78–2.53(m,2H),2.22–1.95(m,1H),1.49–1.10(m,1H)。
实施例35、36、37和38
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代八氢-1,6-萘啶-6(2H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代八氢-1,6-萘啶-6(2H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代八氢-1,6-萘啶-6(2H)-磺酰胺&(4aR,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代八氢-1,6-萘啶-6(2H)-磺酰胺
步骤1:
3-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代-丙基)-4-氧代-哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯
使用迪安-斯塔克分离器(Dean-Stark trap)将N-苄氧基羰基-4-哌啶酮(5g,21.4mmol)、吡咯烷(2.29g,32.2mmol)在苯(60mL)中的混合物在回流下加热20小时。然后将混合物浓缩。将残余物再次溶解在苯(60mL)中并且加入丙烯酸乙酯(4.29g,42.9mmol)。将混合物在回流下加热24小时,然后冷却至室温,并且过滤掉固体。将滤液浓缩。使用ELSD检测器将粗产物通过硅胶急骤层析纯化(0-75%iPrOAc/庚烷),得到标题化合物(5.22g,73%),为黄色油状物。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.43–7.30(m,5H),5.23–5.11(m,2H),4.31–4.05(m,3H),3.47–3.35(m,1H),3.07(s,1H),2.59–2.28(m,5H),2.14–2.02(m,1H),1.66–1.58(m,2H),1.32–1.17(m,3H)。
步骤2:
3-(1-苄氧基羰基-4-氧代-3-哌啶基)丙酸
将3-(3-乙氧基-3-氧代-丙基)-4-氧代-哌啶-1-甲酸苄酯(1.0g,3.0mmol)在THF(35mL)、MeOH(3mL)和LiOH(3M,4mL)中的混合物在室温搅拌3小时。将挥发物在减压下移除。将水性残余物用2N HCl酸化至pH~3,用iPrOAc萃取。将合并的有机物干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并且浓缩,得到标题化合物(950mg,定量收率),为黄色油状物。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.08(s,1H),7.49–7.23(m,5H),5.13(s,2H),4.14–3.84(m,2H),3.50–3.36(m,1H),3.23–2.95(m,1H),2.48–2.42(m,2H),2.39–2.29(m,1H),2.24(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.85(dq,J=14.4,7.3Hz,1H),1.56–1.29(m,1H)。
步骤3:
3-[1-苄氧基羰基-4-(4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基-苯胺基)-3-哌啶基]丙酸
向螺旋盖小瓶中加入3-(1-苄氧基羰基-4-氧代-3-哌啶基)丙酸(810mg,2.653mmol)、4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基-苯胺(584mg,2.653mmol)、甲苯(5.306mL)和苯基硅烷(574mg,5.306mmol)。将混合物在100℃加热3小时。将混合物用iPrOAc稀释,用2M Na2CO3洗涤。将合并的有机物干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并且浓缩。将粗产物通过硅胶急骤层析纯化(0-10%MeOH/DCM),得到标题化合物(1.137g,84%),为褐色油状物。LCMS(ESI)m/z 509[M+H]+。
步骤4:
1-(4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基-苯基)-2-氧代-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-六氢-3H-1,6-萘啶-6-甲酸苄酯
将3-[1-苄氧基羰基-4-(4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基-苯胺基)-3-哌啶基]丙酸(1.137g,2.232mmol)溶解在DMF(6mL)中。加入HATU(934mg,2.455mmol),随后加入DIPEA(432.7mg,3.348mmol)。将混合物在室温搅拌4小时。将反应用2M Na2CO3猝灭,用iPrOAc(2x)萃取。将合并的有机物干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并且浓缩。将粗产物通过硅胶急骤层析纯化(0-100%iPrOAc/庚烷),得到标题化合物(920mg,84%),为褐色泡沫状物。LCMS(ESI)m/z 491[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.44–7.29(m,5H),7.10(dd,J=8.3,6.1Hz,1H),6.89(dd,J=29.0,8.2Hz,1H),5.24–5.05(m,2H),4.26–4.06(m,2H),3.87–3.72(m,3H),3.69–3.54(m,1H),3.20–3.04(m,1H),2.76–2.45(m,3H),2.40–2.20(m,1H),2.12–2.02(m,1H),1.90–1.65(m,3H)。
步骤5:
1-[5-氟-2-甲氧基-4-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯基]-2-氧代-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-六氢-3H-1,6-萘啶-6-甲酸苄酯
将3-(三氟甲基)苯基硼酸(480mg,2.527mmol)、1-(4-溴-5-氟-2-甲氧基-苯基)-2-氧代-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-六氢-3H-1,6-萘啶-6-甲酸苄酯(920mg,1.872mmol)、Pd(PPh3)4(216mg,0.1872mmol)和K2CO3(776mg,5.617mmol)在1,4-二噁烷(9mL)和水(3mL)中的混合物在100℃在N2下加热1小时。将反应混合物用水稀释,用iPrOAc(3x)萃取。将合并的有机物干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并且浓缩。将粗产物通过硅胶急骤层析纯化(0-100%iPrOAc/庚烷),得到标题化合物(1.1g,106%),为灰白色泡沫状物。LCMS(ESI)m/z557[M+H]+。
步骤6:
1-[5-氟-2-甲氧基-4-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯基]-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-八氢-1,6-萘啶-2-酮
将1-[5-氟-2-甲氧基-4-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯基]-2-氧代-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-六氢-3H-1,6-萘啶-6-甲酸苄酯(560mg,1.006mmol)和炭载Pd(OH)2(494.5mg,0.3521mmol)在EtOAc(5mL)中的混合溶液在室温在H2气球下搅拌14小时。将混合物过滤掉固体,用EtOAc洗涤,浓缩。将粗产物通过硅胶急骤层析纯化(0-10%MeOH/DCM,具有1%NH4OH),得到标题化合物(315mg,74%),为褐色油状物。LCMS(ESI)m/z 423[M+H]+。
步骤7:
1-[5-氟-2-甲氧基-4-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯基]-N-异噁唑-3-基-2-氧代-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-六氢-3H-1,6-萘啶-6-磺酰胺
在-78℃向异噁唑-3-胺(313mg,3.729mmol)和咪唑(761mg,11.19mmol)在DCM(9mL)中的溶液中逐滴加入SO2Cl2(503mg,3.729mmol)。将混合物温热至室温并且搅拌30分钟。然后加入在DCM(1mL)中的1-[5-氟-2-甲氧基-4-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯基]-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-八氢-1,6-萘啶-2-酮(315mg,0.7457mmol)。将混合物在80℃加热30分钟。将反应用水猝灭,用DCM(3x)萃取。将合并的有机物干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并且浓缩。将粗产物通过硅胶急骤层析纯化(0-10%MeOH/DCM),得到标题化合物(235mg,55%),为黄色油状物。LCMS(ESI)m/z 569[M+H]+。
步骤8:
(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代八氢-1,6-萘啶-6(2H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代八氢-1,6-萘啶-6(2H)-磺酰胺&(4aS,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代八氢-1,6-萘啶-6(2H)-磺酰胺&(4aR,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3'-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代八氢-1,6-萘啶-6(2H)-磺酰胺
通过使用手性SFC(Chiralpak ID(150mm*21.2mm,5um),超临界CO2/MeOH+0.1%NH4OH=70/30,70mL/min)分离1-[5-氟-2-甲氧基-4-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯基]-N-异噁唑-3-基-2-氧代-4,4a,5,7,8,8a-六氢-3H-1,6-萘啶-6-磺酰胺,得到(4aR,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代八氢-1,6-萘啶-6(2H)-磺酰胺(第一峰)&(4aS,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代八氢-1,6-萘啶-6(2H)-磺酰胺(第二峰)&(4aS,8aR)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代八氢-1,6-萘啶-6(2H)-磺酰胺(第三峰)&(4aR,8aS)-1-(2-氟-5-甲氧基-3’-(三氟甲基)-[1,1’-联苯基]-4-基)-N-(异噁唑-3-基)-2-氧代八氢-1,6-萘啶-6(2H)-磺酰胺(第四峰),为灰白色固体。绝对构型对于每个异构体是任意指定的。实施例35:LCMS(ESI)m/z:569.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.04(s,1H),8.74(dd,J=3.4,1.8Hz,1H),7.98–7.87(m,2H),7.85–7.66(m,2H),7.35–7.00(m,2H),6.39(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),3.81(d,J=22.3Hz,3H),3.72(t,J=9.6Hz,1H),3.61(t,J=12.7Hz,1H),3.53–3.36(m,1H),3.29–3.17(m,1H),2.78–2.57(m,2H),2.47–2.38(m,1H),1.88–1.71(m,2H),1.68–1.14(m,3H)。实施例36:LCMS(ESI)m/z:569.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.06(s,1H),8.75(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.92(d,J=6.5Hz,2H),7.86–7.66(m,3H),7.24(d,J=7.1Hz,1H),6.39(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),3.82(s,3H),3.62–3.47(m,2H),3.14–2.97(m,1H),2.74–2.60(m,1H),2.47–2.25(m,2H),2.12–1.90(m,1H),1.90–1.51(m,3H)。实施例37:LCMS(ESI)m/z:569.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.05(s,1H),8.66(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),7.92(d,J=6.8Hz,2H),7.86–7.66(m,2H),7.35–7.00(m,2H),6.37(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),3.81(d,J=22.7Hz,3H),3.76–3.52(m,2H),3.51–3.39(m,2H),2.72–2.53(m,2H),2.46–2.36(m,1H),1.87–1.69(m,2H),1.69–1.12(m,3H)。实施例38:LCMS(ESI)m/z:569.1[M+H]+。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.86(s,1H),8.69(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.90(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.78(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.73(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.23(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.18(d,J=10.5Hz,1H),6.37(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),3.82(s,3H),3.76–3.63(m,1H),3.59–3.50(m,2H),3.08(dd,J=12.5,3.3Hz,1H),2.69(td,J=12.1,3.0Hz,1H),2.46–2.38(m,2H),2.38–2.33(m,1H),2.04(td,J=13.3,12.1,6.3Hz,1H),1.80–1.73(m,1H),1.71–1.60(m,2H)。
尽管游离碱或具体盐形式的制备可以在上述实施例中例举,但是应当理解,游离碱及其酸式盐或碱式盐形式可以使用标准技术互变。
实施例39A.与从异源地表达hNav1.7和β1亚基的细胞中分离的膜结合的氚化化合物
含有重组表达的钠通道的膜的制备:将冷冻的重组细胞团块在冰上解冻,并且用冰冷的50mM Tris HCl(pH 7.4)缓冲液稀释至细胞团块重量的4倍。使用机动的杜恩斯匀浆器(dounce homogeniser)将细胞悬浮液在冰上匀化。将匀浆用冰冷的50mM Tris HCl(pH7.4)缓冲液进一步稀释8.4倍,然后在4℃以200x g离心15分钟。收集上清液并且在4℃以10000x g离心50分钟。然后将团块重悬于含有1%v/v蛋白酶抑制剂(Calbiochem)的100mMNaCl、20mM Tris HCl(pH 7.4)缓冲液中,并且在冰上在再匀化。然后通过配备有26号针的注射器处理匀化的膜。通过Bradford测定确定蛋白质浓度并且将膜储存于-80℃。
放射性配体结合研究:饱和实验。将具有甲基的竞争性NaV1.7抑制剂氚化。并入三个氚来代替甲基氢以生成[3H]化合物。在室温下在5mL硼硅酸盐玻璃试管中进行该放射性配体的结合。通过向含有0.01%w/v牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的100mM NaCl、20mM Tris HCl(pH7.4)缓冲液中的递增浓度的[3H]化合物中添加膜达18小时来开始结合。在1μM未标记化合物的存在下确定非特异性结合。18小时后,通过预浸在0.5%w/v聚乙烯亚胺中的GF/C玻璃纤维过滤器过滤反应物。用含有0.25%BSA的15mL冰冷的100mM NaCl、20mM Tris HCl(pH7.4)缓冲液洗涤过滤器以将结合的配体与游离配体分开。通过液体闪烁计数来定量与过滤器结合的[3H]化合物。
竞争性结合实验:在室温下在96孔聚丙烯板中进行结合反应达18小时。在360μL中,将膜与100pM[3H]化合物和递增浓度的测试化合物一起温育。在1μM未标记化合物的存在下定义非特异性结合。转移反应物,并且通过用0.5%聚乙烯亚胺预浸的96孔玻璃纤维/C过滤板过滤。将过滤的反应物用含有0.25%BSA的200μL冰冷缓冲液洗涤5次。通过液体闪烁计数确定结合放射性。
数据分析:对于饱和实验,从总结合中减去非特异性结合以提供特异性结合,并且重新计算这些值,以每mg蛋白质结合的pmol配体表示。构建饱和曲线,并且使用单一位点配体结合模型计算解离常数:Beq=(Bmax*X)/(X+Kd),其中Beq为平衡时结合的配体的量,Bmax为最大受体密度,Kd为配体的解离常数,并且X为游离配体浓度。对于竞争研究,确定抑制百分比,并且利用XLfit使用4参数逻辑模型(抑制%=(A+((B-A)/(1+((x/C)^D))))计算IC50值,其中A和B分别是最大抑制和最小抑制,C是IC50浓度,并且D是(Hill)斜率。
实施例39B.与从异源表达hNav1.7和β1亚基的的细胞中分离的膜结合的氚化化合物
含有重组表达的钠通道的膜的制备:按照实施例39A所述的程序,并且进行所需修改以:将上清液以100000x g而不是10000x g离心;将团块重悬于除100mM NaCl、20mM TrisHCl(pH 7.4)缓冲液以外还含有0.01%BSA以及1%v/v蛋白酶体抑制剂的缓冲液中;并且将膜以单独使用的等分试样(而不是合并的)储存于-80℃。
放射性配体结合研究:饱和实验:按照实施例243A所述的程序,并且进行所需修改以将[3H]化合物温育3小时而不是18小时。
竞争性结合实验:按照实施例243A所述的程序,并且进行所需修改以:在室温下进行结合实验达3小时而不是18小时;使用240uL的溶液和300pM的[3H]化合物,而不是360uL和100pM的[3H]化合物;并且将过滤的反应物洗涤2次而不是5次。
数据分析:按照实施例243A所述的程序分析数据。
实施例39C.电生理学测定(EP)(体外测定)
膜片电压钳电生理学允许直接测量和定量电压门控钠通道(NaV’s)的阻断,并且允许确定时间依赖性和电压依赖性阻断,这已被解释为与钠通道的静息、开启和失活状态的差异性结合(Hille,B.,Journal of General Physiology(1977),69:497-515)。
使用异源地表达Nav1.7或Nav1.5通道的细胞对代表性化合物进行以下电压钳电生理学研究。Nav1.7(NM_002977)和Nav1.5(AC137587)的cDNA分别在中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞和CHL(中国仓鼠肺)细胞中稳定表达。使用Syncropatch 384PE(NanIon Technologies,德国)以全细胞配置测量钠电流。使用具有常规中等电阻和单孔模式的芯片。内部溶液由以下组成(以mM计):110CsCl、10CsCl、20EGTA和10Hepes(pH调整至7.2);并且外部溶液含有(以mM计):60NMDG、80NaCl、4KCl、1MgCl2、2CaCl2、2D-一水合葡萄糖、10Hepes(pH用NaOH调整至7.4)。
在系统冲洗后,将测试化合物溶解在含有0.1%Pluronic F-127的外部溶液中。将芯片移入测量头中,并且仪器使用外部和内部溶液灌注芯片。将10μl细胞从细胞库中添加到芯片,并且施加-50毫巴的负压以形成密封。用密封增强剂溶液处理并且用外部溶液冲洗后,施加-250毫巴的负压达1秒以实现全细胞配置,随后在外部溶液中进行三个洗涤步骤。在每个孔中将20μl的化合物添加到40μl(化合物的1:3稀释),并且在混合后,移除20μl,使得体积保持在40ul。大约13分钟记录后,添加20μl/孔的2uM TTX或333uM丁卡因(Tetracaine)(对于Nav1.5)以实现完全阻断。
对于电压方案,在整个实验期间施加-50mV的保持电位。将去极化步骤施加至-10mV达10ms,随后进行超极化步骤至-150mV达20ms,以使通道从失活中恢复。从-150mV到-10mV施加第二去极化步骤达10ms,其中测量电流以得出化合物的阻断作用。基于7.5分钟的的化合物温育来确定抑制。
表1提供了代表性化合物的数据。
表1
实施例40由钠通道阻断剂引起的镇痛
由热诱发的甩尾潜伏期测试
在该测试中,可以通过小鼠中的由热诱发的甩尾来观察通过施用本发明的化合物所产生的镇痛作用。该测试包括由投射灯组成的热源,所述投射灯具有聚焦的并且指向待测试的小鼠尾巴上的一个点的光束。测量在药物治疗之前评定并且对有害的热刺激作出反应的甩尾潜伏期,即从对尾巴的背侧表面施加辐射热到发生甩尾的反应时间,并且在40、80、120和160分钟时进行记录。
对于该研究的第一部分,在连续两天内对65只动物每天一次地进行基线甩尾潜伏期的评定。然后,这些动物被随机分配到11个不同治疗组中的一组中,所述治疗组包括以30mg/Kg肌内施用的赋形剂对照、吗啡对照以及9种化合物。剂量施用后,密切监测动物的毒性体征,包括震颤或癫痫发作,活动过度,呼吸虚弱、急促或低沉,以及无精打采(failureto groom)。经由回归分析确定每种化合物的最佳温育时间。测试化合物的镇痛活性表示为最大可能作用的百分比(%MPE)并且使用下式来计算:
其中:
用药后潜伏期=每个个别动物在接受药物后在从热源移开尾巴(甩尾)之前所耗的潜伏时间。
用药前潜伏期=每个个别动物在接受药物前在从热源甩尾之前所耗的潜伏时间。
截止时间(10s)=暴露于热源的最大值。
急性疼痛(福尔马林测试)
使用福尔马林测试作为急性疼痛的动物模型。在福尔马林测试中,在实验日前一天使动物在普列克斯玻璃(plexiglass)测试室中简短地习惯20分钟。在测试当天,将动物随机注射测试制品。药物施用后30分钟,将50μL的10%福尔马林皮下注射到大鼠左后爪的跖面。福尔马林施用后立即开始视频数据获取,持续90分钟。
使用Actimetrix Limelight软件采集图像(以*.llii扩展名存储文件),然后将其转化成MPEG-4编码。然后使用行为分析软件“The Observer 5.1”(5.0版,NoldusInformation Technology,Wageningen,荷兰)分析视频。通过观察动物行为并且根据类型对每一行为进行评分并且定义行为时长来进行视频分析(Dubuisson and Dennis,1977)。评分的行为包括:(1)正常行为,(2)在爪上不施加重量,(3)举起爪,(4)舔/咬或抓挠爪。举起、偏袒或过度地舔、咬和抓挠所注射的爪表明疼痛反应。如果两只爪均停置在地板上并且不存在明显的偏袒、过度地舔、咬或抓挠所注射的爪,则表明来自化合物的镇痛反应或保护。
福尔马林测试数据的分析根据两个因素来进行:(1)最大潜在抑制作用百分比(%MPIE)和(2)疼痛评分。通过一系列步骤计算%MPIE,其中第一步骤是将每只动物的不正常行为(行为1、2、3)的时长相加。通过将赋形剂处理组内的所有评分取平均值而获得赋形剂组的单一值。以下计算得到每只动物的MPIE值:
MPIE(%)=100–[(治疗总和/平均赋形剂值)X 100%]
由上述加权量度计算疼痛评分。将行为持续时间乘以加权值(反应严重度的等级),并且除以观察总时长,以确定每只动物的疼痛等级。计算由下式表示:
疼痛等级=[0(To)+1(T1)+2(T2)+3(T3)]/(To+T1+T2+T3)
由CFA诱发的慢性炎性疼痛
在该测试中,用校准的von Frey长丝来评定触觉异常性疼痛。对动物饲养设施适应一整周后,将150μL的“完全弗氏佐剂(Complete Freund’s Adjuvant)”(CFA)乳液(以0.5mg/mL的浓度悬浮于油/盐水(1:1)乳液中的CFA)皮下注射到经轻度异氟烷麻醉的大鼠左后爪的跖面中。使动物从麻醉中恢复,并且在施用CFA后一周时评定所有动物的基线热伤害感受阀值和基线机械伤害感受阀值。在实验开始前一天使所有动物习惯实验设备达20分钟。向动物施用测试制品和对照制品,并且在药物施用后在限定的时间点测量感受伤害阀值,以确定对六种可用治疗中每一种的镇痛反应。事先确定所使用的时间点,以示出每种测试化合物的最高镇痛作用。
使用Hargreaves测试评定动物的热伤害感受阀值。将动物置于放在具有加热单元的升高的玻璃平台顶部上的普列克斯玻璃(Plexiglas)盒中。对于所有测试试验,玻璃平台均被恒温控制在大约30℃的温度下。将动物置于该盒中之后,使其适应20分钟,直到所有探究行为停止为止。使用226型跖/尾刺激镇痛仪(IITC,Woodland Hills,CA),将来自玻璃平台下方的辐射热束施加于后爪的跖面。所有测试试验期间,热源的空闲强度(idleintensity)和活动强度(active intensity)分别设定为1和45,并且使用20秒的截止时间以避免组织损伤。
在Hargreaves测试后使用2290型Electrovonfrey麻醉度计(IITC Life Science,Woodland Hills,CA)测量动物对触觉刺激的反应阀值。将动物置于放在陷入网(miremesh)表面上的升高的普列克斯玻璃盒中。适应10分钟后,由0.1g毛发开始按升序将预先校准的Von Frey毛发垂直施加到动物的两只爪的跖面,其中使用足够的力使抵靠爪的毛发轻微弯曲。继续测试直到确定具有引起爪快速甩开的最小力的毛发或达到大约20g的截止力时为止。使用该截止力,因为其代表大约10%的动物的体重,并且其用于防止由于使用更硬的毛发而导致的整个肢体的举高,这将改变刺激的性质。
伤害感受的术后模型
在该模型中,通过向爪施加增加的触觉刺激直到动物将其爪从施加的刺激中缩回为止,测量由爪中的平面内切口引起的痛觉过敏(hypealgesia)。当动物经由鼻锥递送的3.5%异氟烷下麻醉时,使用10号解剖刀在左后爪的跖面上穿过皮肤和筋膜,从脚后跟近边0.5cm处开始并且向趾延伸,形成1cm的纵向切口。切开后,使用2,3-0无菌丝缝线将皮肤缝合。受伤的部位用Polysporin和必达净(Betadine)覆盖。使动物回到其饲养笼中进行过夜恢复。
可以使用2290型Electrovonfrey麻醉度计(IITC Life Science,WoodlandHills,CA)测量动物的经手术的(同侧的)和未经手术的(对侧的)爪二者的触觉刺激的缩回阀值。将动物置于放在陷入网表面上的升高的普列克斯玻璃盒中。适应至少10分钟后,由10g毛发开始按升序将预先校准的Von Frey毛发垂直施加到动物的两只爪的跖面,其中使用足够的力使抵靠爪的毛发轻微弯曲。继续测试直到确定具有引起爪快速甩开的最小力的毛发或达到大约20g的截止力时为止。使用该截止力,因为其代表大约10%的动物的体重,并且其用于防止由于使用更硬的毛发而导致的整个肢体的举高,这将改变刺激的性质。
神经性疼痛模型;慢性缩窄性损伤
简单来说,使用10号解剖刀在动物左后腿的大腿中部水平处穿过皮肤和筋膜,形成大约3cm的切口。经过钝器解剖通过股二头肌使左坐骨神经暴露,小心操作以尽可能减少出血。使用4-0不可降解的无菌丝缝线沿着坐骨神经以1至2mm的间隔系四个松结。松结的张力是足够紧的,以在以4倍放大倍数的解剖显微镜下观察时诱发坐骨神经的轻微收缩。在进行假手术的动物中,暴露左坐骨神经而不进行进一步操作。将抗菌软膏直接涂敷于伤口上,并且使用无菌缝线缝合肌肉。将必达净(Betadine)涂敷于肌肉及其周围,随后用手术钳将皮肤闭合。
使用2290型Electrovonfrey麻醉度计(IITC Life Science,Woodland Hills,CA)测量动物对触觉刺激的反应阀值。将动物置于放在陷入网表面上的升高的普列克斯玻璃盒中。适应10分钟后,由0.1g毛发开始按升序将预先校准的Von Frey毛发垂直施加到动物的两只爪的跖面,其中使用足够的力使抵靠爪的毛发轻微弯曲。继续测试直到确定具有引起爪快速甩开的最小力的毛发或达到大约20g的截止力时为止。使用该截止力,因为其代表大约10%的动物的体重,并且其用于防止由于使用更硬的毛发而导致的整个肢体的举高,这将改变刺激的性质。
使用Hargreaves测试评定动物的热伤害感受阀值。测量触觉阈值后,将动物置于放在具有加热单元的升高的玻璃平台顶部上的普列克斯玻璃盒中。对于所有测试试验,玻璃平台均被恒温控制在大约24至26℃的温度下。将动物置于该盒中之后,使其适应10分钟,直到所有探究行为停止为止。使用226型跖/尾刺激镇痛仪(IITC,Woodland Hills,CA),将来自玻璃平台下方的辐射热束施加于后爪的跖面。所有测试试验期间,热源的空闲强度(idle intensity)和活动强度(active intensity)分别设定为1和55,并且使用20秒的截止时间以避免组织损伤。
神经性疼痛模型:脊神经结扎
使用脊神经结扎(SNL)神经性疼痛模型作为神经性疼痛的动物(即大鼠)模型。在SNL测试中,紧紧地结扎脊神经L5和L6的腰神经根以造成神经损伤,这导致发展机械性痛觉过敏、机械性异常性疼痛和热过敏。在测试日前两周进行手术以便使疼痛状态在动物体内充分发展。使用若干脊神经结扎变型来表征本发明化合物的镇痛特性。
L5脊神经的结扎;
L5和L6脊神经的结扎;
L5脊神经的结扎和横切;
L5和L6脊神经的结扎和横切;或
L4脊神经的温和刺激与上述(1)-(4)中任一项的组合。
当动物在经由鼻锥递送的3.5%异氟烷下麻醉时,使用10号解剖刀在刚好位于背中线外侧的皮肤处形成大约2.5cm的纵向切口,使用后髂嵴的水平线作为切口的中点。切开后,将异氟烷再次调整至维持水平(1.5%-2.5%)。在骶骨中间区域,用解剖刀形成切口,沿着脊柱侧面滑动刀片(在矢状平面中)直到刀片碰到骶骨。剪刀尖通过切口引入并且从脊椎中移除肌肉和韧带以暴露2-3cm的脊柱。从脊椎椎骨中清除掉肌肉和筋膜以定位神经从椎骨离开的点。在脊神经的内侧放置一个小的玻璃钩,并且将脊神经从周围组织中轻轻抬起。一旦脊神经已经分离,就在玻璃钩顶端的球周围缠绕两圈小长度的不可降解的6-0无菌丝线并且绕回神经下。然后通过打结紧紧地结扎脊神经,确保神经在结扎处的两侧凸出。根据需要可以重复该程序。在一些动物中,可以用小的玻璃钩轻微摩擦L4脊神经(最多20次)以最大化地发展神经性疼痛。将抗菌软膏直接涂敷于切口上,并且使用无菌缝线缝合肌肉。将必达净(Betadine)涂敷于肌肉及其周围,随后用手术缝钉或无菌的不可吸收的单丝5-0尼龙缝线将皮肤闭合。
然后可以通过测量动物对机械触觉刺激的爪缩回阈值来观察向动物局部施用本发明的化合物所产生的镇痛作用。这些可以使用如下所述的机械性异常性疼痛程序或机械性痛觉过敏程序来测量。在通过任一方法建立适当的基线测量后,在同侧的脚踝和足部涂敷本发明化合物的局部制剂。然后将动物放在塑料隧道中达15分钟以防止它们舔舐所治疗的区域和移除化合物。将动物放在丙烯酸盒中达15分钟,之后通过如下所述的任一方法测试同侧的爪,并且在治疗后的0.5、1.0和2.0小时时记录反应。
机械性异常性疼痛方法
可以如下使用手动校准的von Frey长丝在手术后大约14天针对经手术的动物和对照动物二者测量动物对机械性异常性疼痛的疼痛阈值。将动物置于放在陷入网表面上的升高的普列克斯玻璃盒中。使动物适应20-30分钟。由2.0g毛发开始将预先校准的Von Frey毛发垂直施加到动物的同侧爪的跖面,其中使用足够的力使抵靠爪的毛发轻微弯曲,从而确定基线测量。刺激以连续的方式(即按升序或降序)呈现,直到记下反应的第一次变化,此后记录另外四次反应,总计六次反应。将六次反应(以克测量)代入如Chaplan,S.R.等人,J.Neurosci.Methods,1994年7月;53(1):55-63所述的公式中,并且计算50%缩回阈值。这构成机械性异常性疼痛值。
机械性痛觉过敏方法
使用2290型Electrovonfrey麻醉度计(IITC Life Science,Woodland Hills,CA)测量动物对触觉刺激的反应阀值。将动物置于放在丝网表面上的升高的普列克斯玻璃盒中。在该盒中适应15分钟后,将von Frey毛发垂直施加到动物的同侧后爪的跖面,其中使用足够的力(以克测量)引发爪的卷曲反应。反应表明因疼痛刺激而缩回并且构成疗效终点。数据表示为与以克测量的基线阈值相比的百分比变化。
实施例41用于治疗瘙痒的体内测定
通过使用啮齿动物模型的体内测试可以评估本发明的化合物作为止痒剂的活性。一种确定的关于外周引起的瘙痒的模型是通过向无毛大鼠的喙后区域(颈部)注射血清素。在血清素注射(例如,2mg/mL,50μL)之前,可以通过经口、静脉内或腹膜内途径全身性地或者局部地向固定直径(例如,18mm)的圆形区域涂敷一定剂量的本发明化合物。给药后,在局部给药区域给予血清素注射。在血清素注射后,通过视频记录20分钟至1.5小时来监测动物行为,并且将在此时间内的抓挠次数与赋形剂治疗的动物进行比较。因此,应用本发明的化合物可以在大鼠中抑制血清素诱发的抓挠。
本说明书中提到的所有美国专利、美国专利申请公开、美国专利申请、外国专利、外国专利申请和非专利出版物均通过引用整体并入本文。
尽管已经相当详细地描述了前述发明以便于理解,但是显而易见的是,可以在所附权利要求的范围内实施某些变化和修改。因此,所描述的实施方案应被视为是示例性的,而非限制性的,并且本发明不限于本文给出的详细内容,而是可以在所附权利要求的范围和等同范围内进行修改。
Claims (33)
1.一种式(I)的化合物:
或其药用盐;其中,
A是6-12元芳基环,其任选地被一个或多个基团RA取代,RA独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、Br、I、-CN、-C(=O)ORA1、-SO2RA1、-ORA1、-(XRA)-(3-15元碳环基)、-(XRA)-(6-12元芳基)、-(XRA)-(5-12元杂芳基)和-RA2,其中RA的所述3-15元碳环基、6-12元芳基和5-12元杂芳基任选地被1至5个取代基Ra取代,Ra独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、Br、I、C1-4烷基、卤代(C1-4烷基)、氨基、(C1-4烷基)氨基、二(C1-4烷基)氨基、卤代(C1-4烷氧基)和-C(O)N(Rc)2;RA1选自由以下组成的组:氢、C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基、卤代(C1-8烷基)、C3-8环烷基、苯基和苄基;RA2选自由以下组成的组:任选地被一个或多个取代基取代的C1-8烷基,所述取代基独立地选自氧代(=O)、氟、羟基、氨基、(C1-4烷基)氨基和二(C1-4烷基)氨基;XRA选自由以下组成的组:不存在、-C(=O)-和C1-4亚烷基;其中XRA的任何C1-4亚烷基任选地被1至3个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自由以下组成的组:C1-4烷基、卤代(C1-4烷基)和苯基,所述苯基任选地被独立地选自以下的1至5个取代基取代:F、Cl、Br、I、-NH2、-OH、-CN、-NO2、C1-4烷基、卤代(C1-4烷基)、C1-4烷氧基、卤代(C1-4烷氧基)、(C1-4烷基)氨基和二(C1-4烷基)氨基;
B是5-12元杂芳基或6-12元芳基环,其中环B任选地被一个或多个基团RB取代,RB独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、Br、I、-CN、-C(=O)ORB1、-SO2RB1、-ORB1、-(XRB)-(3-15元碳环基)、-(XRB)-(6-12元芳基)、-(XRB)-(5-12元杂芳基)和-RB2,其中RB的所述3-15元碳环基、6-12元芳基和5-12元杂芳基任选地被1至5个取代基Rb取代,Rb独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、Br、I、C1-4烷基、卤代(C1-4烷基)、氨基、(C1-4烷基)氨基、二(C1-4烷基)氨基、卤代(C1-4烷氧基)和-C(O)N(Rc)2;RB1选自由以下组成的组:氢、C1-8烷基、C2-8烯基、卤代(C1-8烷基)、C3-8环烷基、苯基和苄基;RB2选自由以下组成的组:任选地被一个或多个取代基取代的C1-8烷基,所述取代基独立地选自氧代(=O)、氟、羟基、氨基、(C1-4烷基)氨基和二(C1-4烷基)氨基;XRB选自由以下组成的组:不存在、-C(=O)-和C1-4亚烷基;其中XRB的任何C1-4亚烷基任选地被1至3个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自由以下组成的组:C1-4烷基、卤代(C1-4烷基)和苯基,所述苯基任选地被独立地选自以下的1至5个取代基取代:F、Cl、Br、I、-NH2、-OH、-CN、-NO2、C1-4烷基、卤代(C1-4烷基)、C1-4烷氧基、卤代(C1-4烷氧基)、(C1-4烷基)氨基和二(C1-4烷基)氨基;
环C是5元、6元或7元杂环基,所述5元、6元或7元杂环基任选地被一个或多个基团RC取代,RC独立地选自由以下组成的组:C1-4烷基、卤代、氧代(=O)、硫代(=S)和卤代(C1-4烷基);
R3、R4和R5各自独立地选自由以下组成的组:H、F、Cl、Br、I、-CN、C1-8烷基、C3-8环烷基、卤代(C1-8烷基)和C1-8烷氧基;并且
R6选自由以下组成的组:H、C1-8烷基、C3-8环烷基、芳基和芳基(C1-4烷基);并且R7选自由以下组成的组:C1-8烷基、3-15元杂环基、5-12元杂芳基、-C(O)N(Rd)2和-C(=NCN)N(Rd)2;或者R6和R7连同它们所连接的氮一起形成3-15元杂环基或5-12元杂芳基;其中任何C1-8烷基、C3-8环烷基、芳基、芳烷基、3-15元杂环基和5-12元杂芳基任选地被一个或多个基团Re取代,Re独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、Br、I、-NH2、-OH、-CN、-NO2、C1-4烷基、卤代(C1-4烷基)、C1-4烷氧基、卤代(C1-4烷氧基)、(C1-4烷基)氨基和二(C1-4烷基)氨基;各Rd独立地选自由以下组成的组:氢、C1-8烷基、C3-8环烷基、苯基和苄基。
9.根据权利要求2-5和7中任一项所述的化合物,或其药用盐,其中X是O、S、SO或SO2;Y是H2;并且Z是CH2。
10.根据权利要求2-5和7中任一项所述的化合物,或其药用盐,其中X是O、S、SO或SO2;Y是O;并且Z是CH2。
11.根据权利要求6或8所述的化合物,或其药用盐,其中Y是H2。
12.根据权利要求6或8所述的化合物,或其药用盐,其中Y是O。
13.根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的化合物,或其药用盐,其中R3是H。
14.根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的化合物,或其药用盐,其中R4是H。
15.根据权利要求1-14中任一项所述的化合物,或其药用盐,其中R5是H。
16.根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的化合物,或其药用盐,其中R3、R4和R5各自独立地选自由以下组成的组:H、F和C1-4烷基。
17.根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的化合物,或其药用盐,其中R3、R4和R5各自是H。
20.根据权利要求1-17中任一项所述的化合物,或其药用盐,其中R6是H并且R7是5-6元杂芳基。
21.根据权利要求1-20中任一项所述的化合物,或其药用盐,其中各RA独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、Br、I、-ORA1和-RA2,其中RA1选自由以下组成的组:C1-8烷基和卤代(C1-8烷基),并且其中RA2是任选地被一个或多个取代基取代的C1-8烷基,所述取代基独立地选自由以下组成的组:氟和氯。
22.根据权利要求1-21中任一项所述的化合物,或其药用盐,其中各RB独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、Br、I、-CN和-ORA1,其中RA1选自由以下组成的组:C1-8烷基和卤代(C1-8烷基)。
23.根据权利要求1-20和22中任一项所述的化合物,或其药用盐,其中各RA独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、Cl、三氟甲氧基、CF2和CF3。
24.根据权利要求1-21和23中任一项所述的化合物,或其药用盐,其中各RB独立地选自由以下组成的组:F、-CN和甲氧基。
26.一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含:根据权利要求1-25中任一项所述的化合物或其药用盐,以及药用赋形剂。
27.一种治疗哺乳动物中的疾病或病况的方法,所述疾病或病况选自由以下组成的组:疼痛、抑郁、心血管疾病、呼吸疾病和精神疾病以及它们的组合,其中所述方法包括向需要其的所述哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的根据权利要求1-25中任一项所述的化合物或其药用盐、或者根据权利要求26所述的组合物。
28.根据权利要求27所述的方法,其中所述疾病或病况选自由以下组成的组:急性疼痛、慢性疼痛、神经性疼痛、炎性疼痛、急性疼痛、慢性疼痛、内脏疼痛、癌性疼痛、化疗疼痛、创伤疼痛、手术疼痛、术后疼痛、分娩疼痛、产痛、神经原性膀胱障碍、溃疡性结肠炎、持续性疼痛、外周介导性疼痛、中枢介导性疼痛、慢性头痛、偏头痛、窦性头痛、紧张性头痛、幻肢痛、牙痛、周围神经损伤或者它们的组合。
29.根据权利要求27所述的方法,其中所述疾病或病况选自由以下组成的组:与HIV有关的疼痛感、HIV治疗诱发的神经病变、三叉神经痛、疱疹后神经痛、急性痛、热敏感性、结节病、肠易激综合征、克罗恩病、与多发性硬化(MS)有关的疼痛、肌萎缩性侧索硬化(ALS)、糖尿病性神经病变、周围神经病变、关节炎、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、动脉粥样硬化、阵发性肌张力障碍、肌无力综合征、肌强直、恶性高热、囊性纤维化、假性醛固酮增多症、横纹肌溶解、甲状腺功能减退、双相抑郁、焦虑、精神分裂症、钠通道毒素相关的疾病、家族性红斑性肢痛症、原发性红斑性肢痛症、家族性直肠痛、癌症、癫痫、局部性和全身性强直发作、不宁腿综合征、心律失常、纤维肌痛、在由卒中或神经创伤引起的缺血状况下的神经保护、快速性心律失常、心房纤颤和心室纤颤。
30.一种通过抑制哺乳动物中通过电压依赖性钠通道的离子通量来治疗所述哺乳动物中的疼痛的方法,其中所述方法包括向需要其的所述哺乳动物施用治疗有效量的根据权利要求1-25中任一项所述的化合物或其药用盐。
31.一种减少哺乳动物的细胞中通过电压依赖性钠通道的离子通量的方法,其中所述方法包括使所述细胞与根据权利要求1-25中任一项所述的化合物接触。
32.根据权利要求1-25中任一项所述的化合物或其药用盐用于制备药物的用途,所述药物用于治疗选自由以下组成的组的疾病和病症:疼痛、抑郁、心血管疾病、呼吸疾病和精神疾病或者它们的组合。
33.如上所述的发明。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2018081250 | 2018-03-30 | ||
CNPCT/CN2018/081250 | 2018-03-30 | ||
PCT/US2019/025028 WO2019191702A1 (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-03-29 | Substituted hydro-pyrido-azines as sodium channel inhibitors |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111936494A true CN111936494A (zh) | 2020-11-13 |
Family
ID=67439315
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201980022681.2A Pending CN111936494A (zh) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-03-29 | 作为钠通道抑制剂的取代的氢-吡啶并-吖嗪 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10947251B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3774801A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2021519788A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN111936494A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2019191702A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2023028077A1 (en) | 2021-08-24 | 2023-03-02 | Genentech, Inc. | Sodium channel inhibitors and methods of designing same |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150018352A1 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2015-01-15 | Amgen Inc. | Sulfamide sodium channel inhibitors |
CN105492430A (zh) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-04-13 | 基因泰克公司 | 取代的苯并噁唑及其使用方法 |
CN106008504A (zh) * | 2011-02-02 | 2016-10-12 | 沃泰克斯药物股份有限公司 | 作为离子通道调节剂的吡咯并吡嗪-螺环哌啶酰胺 |
CN107531705A (zh) * | 2015-03-02 | 2018-01-02 | 美国安进公司 | 双环酮磺酰胺化合物 |
Family Cites Families (125)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3705185A (en) | 1969-04-14 | 1972-12-05 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | N-aroyl sulfonamides |
US3773919A (en) | 1969-10-23 | 1973-11-20 | Du Pont | Polylactide-drug mixtures |
US4130566A (en) | 1977-10-27 | 1978-12-19 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Process for producing 5-carboxy-2-acetylthiophene |
US4485045A (en) | 1981-07-06 | 1984-11-27 | Research Corporation | Synthetic phosphatidyl cholines useful in forming liposomes |
EP0102324A3 (de) | 1982-07-29 | 1984-11-07 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Lipide und Tenside in wässriger Phase |
US4544545A (en) | 1983-06-20 | 1985-10-01 | Trustees University Of Massachusetts | Liposomes containing modified cholesterol for organ targeting |
HUT35524A (en) | 1983-08-02 | 1985-07-29 | Hoechst Ag | Process for preparing pharmaceutical compositions containing regulatory /regulative/ peptides providing for the retarded release of the active substance |
GB8524157D0 (en) | 1984-10-19 | 1985-11-06 | Ici America Inc | Heterocyclic amides |
US5004697A (en) | 1987-08-17 | 1991-04-02 | Univ. Of Ca | Cationized antibodies for delivery through the blood-brain barrier |
DK24089D0 (da) | 1989-01-20 | 1989-01-20 | Hans Bundgaard | Novel prodrug derivatives of biologically active agents containing hydroxyl groups or nh-acidic groups |
GB8911854D0 (en) | 1989-05-23 | 1989-07-12 | Ici Plc | Heterocyclic compounds |
US5112596A (en) | 1990-04-23 | 1992-05-12 | Alkermes, Inc. | Method for increasing blood-brain barrier permeability by administering a bradykinin agonist of blood-brain barrier permeability |
US5268164A (en) | 1990-04-23 | 1993-12-07 | Alkermes, Inc. | Increasing blood-brain barrier permeability with permeabilizer peptides |
IL101860A0 (en) | 1991-05-31 | 1992-12-30 | Ici Plc | Heterocyclic derivatives |
JPH07509250A (ja) | 1992-07-27 | 1995-10-12 | アメリカ合衆国 | 血液脳バリヤーへのリポソームの標的化 |
JP3462501B2 (ja) | 1992-11-23 | 2003-11-05 | アベンティス・ファーマスーティカルズ・インコーポレイテツド | 置換された3−(アミノアルキルアミノ)−1,2−ベンゾイソキサゾールおよび関連化合物 |
US5573653A (en) | 1994-07-11 | 1996-11-12 | Sandoz Ltd. | Electrochemical process for thiocyanating aminobenzene compounds |
ATE253057T1 (de) | 1994-08-30 | 2003-11-15 | Sankyo Co | Isoxazole |
US5753653A (en) | 1995-12-08 | 1998-05-19 | Agouron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Metalloproteinase inhibitors, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their pharmaceutical uses |
GB9828442D0 (en) | 1998-12-24 | 1999-02-17 | Karobio Ab | Novel thyroid receptor ligands and method II |
US6514221B2 (en) | 2000-07-27 | 2003-02-04 | Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. | Blood-brain barrier opening |
AU2001286930A1 (en) | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-13 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Glucocorticoid blocking agents for increasing blood-brain barrier permeability |
US7034036B2 (en) | 2000-10-30 | 2006-04-25 | Pain Therapeutics, Inc. | Inhibitors of ABC drug transporters at the blood-brain barrier |
DE10121982B4 (de) | 2001-05-05 | 2008-01-24 | Lts Lohmann Therapie-Systeme Ag | Nanopartikel aus Protein mit gekoppeltem Apolipoprotein E zur Überwindung der Blut-Hirn-Schranke und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
DE60234057D1 (de) | 2001-07-25 | 2009-11-26 | Raptor Pharmaceutical Inc | Zusammensetzungen und verfahren zur modulation des transports durch die blut-hirn-schranke |
KR100789567B1 (ko) | 2001-11-06 | 2007-12-28 | 동화약품공업주식회사 | 3-아미도-1,2-벤조이소옥사졸 유도체, 그 염, 제조방법 및 용도 |
DE10201550A1 (de) | 2002-01-17 | 2003-07-31 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Phenoxy-Piperidine |
US20030162695A1 (en) | 2002-02-27 | 2003-08-28 | Schatzberg Alan F. | Glucocorticoid blocking agents for increasing blood-brain barrier permeability |
EP1529049B1 (en) | 2002-08-08 | 2009-11-18 | Memory Pharmaceuticals Corporation | Derivatives of 2-trifluormethyl-6-aminopurine as phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors |
AU2003302676A1 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2004-06-23 | Blanchette Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute | Artificial low-density lipoprotein carriers for transport of substances across the blood-brain barrier |
PE20040801A1 (es) | 2002-12-12 | 2004-11-25 | Hoffmann La Roche | Derivados de pirazina y piridina 5-sustituidos como activadores de glucoquinasa |
JP2006523671A (ja) | 2003-04-15 | 2006-10-19 | ファイザー・インク | PPAR調節剤としてのα置換カルボン酸 |
AU2004263179B8 (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2011-07-14 | Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated | Heteroarylaminosulfonylphenyl derivatives for use as sodium or calcium channel blockers in the treatment of pain |
ZA200601942B (en) | 2003-08-08 | 2007-05-30 | Vertex Pharma | Heteroarylaminosulfonylphenyl derivatives for use as sodium or calcium channel blockers in the treatment of pain |
JP2007505142A (ja) | 2003-09-10 | 2007-03-08 | セダーズ−シナイ メディカル センター | 血液脳関門を通過する薬剤のカリウムチャネル媒介性送達 |
JP2007507551A (ja) | 2003-10-03 | 2007-03-29 | ポートラ ファーマシューティカルズ, インコーポレイテッド | 2,4−ジオキソ−3−キナゾリニルアリールスルホニル尿素 |
US7081539B2 (en) | 2004-03-25 | 2006-07-25 | Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. | One-pot process for the preparation of 1,2-benzisoxazole-3-methanesulfonamide |
US20080312286A1 (en) | 2004-07-30 | 2008-12-18 | Pinkerton Anthony B | Indanone Potentiators of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors |
US7544702B2 (en) | 2004-08-12 | 2009-06-09 | Amgen Inc. | Bisaryl-sulfonamides |
ZA200702688B (en) | 2004-09-29 | 2008-06-25 | Portola Pharm Inc | Substituted 2H-1,3-benzoxazin-4-(3H)-ones |
JP2008189549A (ja) | 2005-05-12 | 2008-08-21 | Astellas Pharma Inc | カルボン酸誘導体またはその塩 |
DE102005038947A1 (de) | 2005-05-18 | 2006-11-30 | Grünenthal GmbH | Substituierte Benzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl-amin-Verbindungen und deren Verwendung in Arzneimitteln |
US7632837B2 (en) | 2005-06-17 | 2009-12-15 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Bicyclic heterocycles as cannabinoid-1 receptor modulators |
CN101277939A (zh) | 2005-09-09 | 2008-10-01 | 布里斯托尔-迈尔斯斯奎布公司 | 无环ikur抑制剂 |
EP1940782B1 (en) | 2005-10-19 | 2009-03-11 | F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | N-phenyl phenylacetamide non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors |
BRPI0620532A2 (pt) | 2005-11-23 | 2011-11-16 | Ligand Pharm Inc | compostos e métodos para modular a atividade de trombopoietina |
AR058296A1 (es) | 2005-12-09 | 2008-01-30 | Kalypsys Inc | Inhibidores de histona desacetilasa y composicion farmaceutica |
AU2007238857B2 (en) | 2006-04-11 | 2013-05-02 | Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated | Compositions useful as inhibitors of voltage-gated sodium channels |
ES2377821T3 (es) | 2006-10-11 | 2012-04-02 | Amgen Inc. | Compuestos de imidazo- y triazolo-piridina y métodos de uso de los mismos. |
AU2008211108A1 (en) | 2007-01-30 | 2008-08-07 | Biogen Idec Ma Inc. | 1-h-pyrazolo (3,4b) pyrimidine derivatives and their use as modulators of mitotic kinases |
CA2677493A1 (en) | 2007-02-05 | 2008-08-14 | Xenon Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Pyridopyrimidinone compounds useful in treating sodium channel-mediated diseases or conditions |
CL2008000835A1 (es) | 2007-03-23 | 2008-10-03 | Icagen Inc Pfizer Ltd | Compuestos derivados de sulfonamidas, inhibidores de los canales de calcio; composicion farmaceutica que comprende a dicho compuesto; y uso del compuesto para el tratamiento del dolor, sindrome de intestino irritable, enfermedad de crohn, taquiarritm |
EP2158183A2 (en) | 2007-05-25 | 2010-03-03 | Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated | Ion channel modulators and methods of use |
MX2009013355A (es) | 2007-06-07 | 2010-02-22 | Astellas Pharma Inc | Compuesto de piridona. |
US20090012103A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 | 2009-01-08 | Matthew Abelman | Substituted heterocyclic compounds |
TW200911766A (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2009-03-16 | Astrazeneca Ab | New compounds |
JP5460589B2 (ja) | 2007-07-13 | 2014-04-02 | アイカジェン, インコーポレイテッド | ナトリウムチャネル阻害物質 |
EP2184278A4 (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2011-08-03 | Nippon Chemiphar Co | P2X4 RECEIVER ANTAGONIST |
GB0720390D0 (en) | 2007-10-18 | 2007-11-28 | Prosidion Ltd | G-Protein coupled receptor agonists |
US8642660B2 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2014-02-04 | The University Of Rochester | Method for altering the lifespan of eukaryotic organisms |
TW201010976A (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2010-03-16 | Astellas Pharma Inc | Sulfonamide compounds or salts thereof |
WO2010022055A2 (en) | 2008-08-20 | 2010-02-25 | Amgen Inc. | Inhibitors of voltage-gated sodium channels |
PE20120008A1 (es) | 2009-01-12 | 2012-01-24 | Icagen Inc | Derivados de fenoxi bencenosulfonamida |
EP2464645B1 (en) | 2009-07-27 | 2017-07-05 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Fused heterocyclic compounds as ion channel modulators |
WO2011016234A1 (en) | 2009-08-04 | 2011-02-10 | Raqualia Pharma Inc. | Picolinamide derivatives as ttx-s blockers |
WO2011037192A1 (ja) | 2009-09-25 | 2011-03-31 | アステラス製薬株式会社 | 置換アミド化合物 |
WO2011059042A1 (ja) | 2009-11-12 | 2011-05-19 | 武田薬品工業株式会社 | 芳香環化合物 |
US8471034B2 (en) | 2009-11-18 | 2013-06-25 | Concert Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Niacin prodrugs and deuterated versions thereof |
TW201139406A (en) | 2010-01-14 | 2011-11-16 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Voltage-gated sodium channel blockers |
CN102869255B (zh) | 2010-02-12 | 2016-08-31 | 内瓦利斯治疗公司 | S-亚硝基谷胱甘肽还原酶的新抑制剂 |
WO2011153588A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 | 2011-12-15 | Biota Scientific Management Pty Ltd | Viral polymerase inhibitors |
US20120004714A1 (en) | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-05 | Ryan Kleve | Lead having coil electrode with preferential bending region |
US9279003B2 (en) | 2010-07-07 | 2016-03-08 | Purdue Pharma L.P. | Analogs of sodium channel peptide toxin |
WO2012004743A1 (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-12 | Pfizer Limited | Benzenesulfonamides useful as sodium channel inhibitors |
ES2532356T3 (es) | 2010-07-09 | 2015-03-26 | Pfizer Limited | N-sulfonilbenzamidas como inhibidores de los canales de sodio dependientes de voltaje |
ES2526675T3 (es) | 2010-07-09 | 2015-01-14 | Pfizer Limited | N-sulfonilbenzamidas como inhibidores de los canales de sodio dependientes de voltaje |
WO2012007861A1 (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2012-01-19 | Pfizer Limited | N-sulfonylbenzamide derivatives useful as voltage gated sodium channel inhibitors |
EP2593433B1 (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2014-11-26 | Pfizer Limited | N-sulfonylbenzamides as inhibitors of voltage-gated sodium channels |
ES2532357T3 (es) | 2010-07-12 | 2015-03-26 | Pfizer Limited | Derivados de sulfonamida como inhibidores de Nav1.7 para el tratamiento del dolor |
EP2593428B1 (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2014-11-19 | Pfizer Limited | N-sulfonylbenzamides as inhibitors of voltage-gated sodium channels |
WO2012007869A2 (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2012-01-19 | Pfizer Limited | Chemical compounds |
JP2013531687A (ja) | 2010-07-16 | 2013-08-08 | パーデュー、ファーマ、リミテッド、パートナーシップ | ナトリウムチャネル遮断剤としてのピリジン化合物 |
PL2616465T3 (pl) | 2010-09-13 | 2016-04-29 | Novartis Ag | Triazyno-oksadiazole |
WO2012039657A1 (en) | 2010-09-22 | 2012-03-29 | Astrazeneca Ab | Novel chromane compound for the treatment of pain disorders |
ES2570784T3 (es) | 2010-12-22 | 2016-05-20 | Purdue Pharma Lp | Piridinas sustituidas como bloqueadores de los canales de sodio |
WO2012095781A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 | 2012-07-19 | Pfizer Limited | Indazole derivatives as sodium channel inhibitors |
SG193241A1 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2013-10-30 | Glaxosmithkline Ip No 2 Ltd | Cyclopropylamines as lsd1 inhibitors |
US9079902B2 (en) | 2011-08-17 | 2015-07-14 | Amgen Inc. | Heteroaryl sodium channel inhibitors |
WO2013056232A2 (en) | 2011-10-13 | 2013-04-18 | Case Western Reserve University | Rxr agonists compounds and methods |
BR112014010197A2 (pt) | 2011-10-28 | 2017-04-18 | Merck Sharp & Dohme | composto, composição farmacêutica, método de tratamento de um distúrbio |
CA2853439A1 (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2013-05-10 | Xenon Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Benzenesulfonamide compounds and their use as therapeutic agents |
MX2014005304A (es) | 2011-10-31 | 2015-03-20 | Xenon Pharmaceuticals Inc | Biaril eter sulfonamidas y su uso como agentes terapeuticos. |
US9133131B2 (en) | 2011-11-15 | 2015-09-15 | Purdue Pharma L.P. | Pyrimidine diol amides as sodium channel blockers |
WO2013086229A1 (en) | 2011-12-07 | 2013-06-13 | Amgen Inc. | Bicyclic aryl and heteroaryl sodium channel inhibitors |
EP2791108B1 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2016-07-27 | Pfizer Limited | Sulfonamide derivatives |
WO2013102826A1 (en) | 2012-01-04 | 2013-07-11 | Pfizer Limited | N-aminosulfonyl benzamides |
JP2015083542A (ja) | 2012-02-08 | 2015-04-30 | 大日本住友製薬株式会社 | 3位置換プロリン誘導体 |
US8889741B2 (en) | 2012-02-09 | 2014-11-18 | Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited | Cycloalkane derivatives |
WO2013122897A1 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2013-08-22 | Amgen Inc. | Dihydrobenzoxazine and tetrahydroquinoxaline sodium channel inhibitors |
WO2013146969A1 (ja) | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | 第一三共株式会社 | 新規二置換シクロヘキサン誘導体 |
SG11201408284VA (en) | 2012-05-22 | 2015-02-27 | Xenon Pharmaceuticals Inc | N-substituted benzamides and their use in the treatment of pain |
WO2014008458A2 (en) | 2012-07-06 | 2014-01-09 | Genentech, Inc. | N-substituted benzamides and methods of use thereof |
CA2881566A1 (en) | 2012-07-19 | 2014-01-23 | Yohei Ikuma | 1-(cycloalkyl-carbonyl)proline derivative |
JP2015535251A (ja) | 2012-10-26 | 2015-12-10 | メルク・シャープ・アンド・ドーム・コーポレーションMerck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | 電位作動型ナトリウムチャネルにおいて選択的活性を有するベンゾオキサゾリノン化合物 |
KR20150074123A (ko) | 2012-10-26 | 2015-07-01 | 머크 샤프 앤드 돔 코포레이션 | 전압-게이팅 나트륨 채널에서 선택적 활성을 갖는 n-치환된 인다졸 술폰아미드 화합물 |
US9714252B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2017-07-25 | Purdue Pharma L.P. | Cyclic sulfonamides as sodium channel blockers |
US9810473B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2017-11-07 | Blue Quench Llc | Modular retrofit quench unit |
PE20151781A1 (es) | 2013-01-31 | 2015-12-02 | Vertex Pharma | Piridonamidas como moduladores de canales de sodio |
US20140296266A1 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2014-10-02 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Therapeutic compounds |
ES2663798T3 (es) | 2013-03-14 | 2018-04-17 | Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited | Fármaco para enfermedades respiratorias |
CN105263490B (zh) | 2013-03-14 | 2018-05-22 | 基因泰克公司 | 取代的三唑并吡啶及其使用方法 |
KR20150131254A (ko) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-11-24 | 크로모셀 코포레이션 | 통증 치료를 위한 소듐 채널 조절자 |
US9493429B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-11-15 | Genentech, Inc. | Substituted benzoxazoles and methods of use thereof |
WO2015051043A1 (en) | 2013-10-01 | 2015-04-09 | Amgen Inc. | Biaryl acyl-sulfonamide compounds as sodium channel inhibitors |
CA2931732A1 (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2015-06-04 | Genentech, Inc. | Substituted benzamides and methods of use thereof |
WO2015077905A1 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-04 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | Bicycloamine-substituted-n-benzenesulfonamide compounds with selective activity in voltage-gated sodium channels |
EP3166939B1 (en) | 2014-07-07 | 2019-06-05 | Genentech, Inc. | Therapeutic compounds and methods of use thereof |
WO2016021742A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-11 | Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited | Heterocyclic compounds as ep4 receptor antagonists |
KR20180008761A (ko) | 2015-05-22 | 2018-01-24 | 제넨테크, 인크. | 치환된 벤즈아미드 및 이의 이용 방법 |
CN108137477A (zh) | 2015-08-27 | 2018-06-08 | 基因泰克公司 | 治疗化合物及其使用方法 |
TW201726637A (zh) | 2015-12-18 | 2017-08-01 | 默沙東藥廠 | 對電位閘控鈉通道具選擇活性之羥基烷基胺-及羥基環烷基胺-取代之二胺-芳基磺胺化合物 |
KR20180096683A (ko) | 2015-12-18 | 2018-08-29 | 머크 샤프 앤드 돔 코포레이션 | 전압-게이팅 나트륨 채널에서 선택적 활성을 갖는 디아미노-알킬아미노-연결 아릴술폰아미드 화합물 |
WO2017165204A1 (en) | 2016-03-22 | 2017-09-28 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | N1-phenylpropane-1,2-diamine compounds with selective activity in voltage-gated sodium channels |
US10668067B2 (en) | 2016-07-20 | 2020-06-02 | Amgen Inc. | Pyridine sulfonamides |
WO2018072602A1 (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2018-04-26 | Genentech, Inc. | Therapeutic compounds and methods of use thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-03-29 CN CN201980022681.2A patent/CN111936494A/zh active Pending
- 2019-03-29 US US16/370,756 patent/US10947251B2/en active Active
- 2019-03-29 JP JP2020552894A patent/JP2021519788A/ja active Pending
- 2019-03-29 EP EP19744902.8A patent/EP3774801A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-03-29 WO PCT/US2019/025028 patent/WO2019191702A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106008504A (zh) * | 2011-02-02 | 2016-10-12 | 沃泰克斯药物股份有限公司 | 作为离子通道调节剂的吡咯并吡嗪-螺环哌啶酰胺 |
US20150018352A1 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2015-01-15 | Amgen Inc. | Sulfamide sodium channel inhibitors |
CN105492430A (zh) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-04-13 | 基因泰克公司 | 取代的苯并噁唑及其使用方法 |
CN107531705A (zh) * | 2015-03-02 | 2018-01-02 | 美国安进公司 | 双环酮磺酰胺化合物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3774801A1 (en) | 2021-02-17 |
JP2021519788A (ja) | 2021-08-12 |
WO2019191702A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 |
US20190300544A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 |
US20210253597A1 (en) | 2021-08-19 |
US10947251B2 (en) | 2021-03-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US11149002B2 (en) | Therapeutic compounds and methods of use thereof | |
JP6096370B2 (ja) | 置換トリアゾロピリジンとその使用方法 | |
JP6227112B2 (ja) | 置換ベンゾオキサゾールとその使用方法 | |
US10457654B2 (en) | Therapeutic compounds and methods of use thereof | |
US20210171516A1 (en) | Therapeutic compounds and methods of use thereof | |
CN112368274A (zh) | 作为钠通道抑制剂的吡啶-磺胺衍生物 | |
CN111936494A (zh) | 作为钠通道抑制剂的取代的氢-吡啶并-吖嗪 | |
JP2018535234A (ja) | ナトリウムチャネル遮断薬として有用な置換ベンズアミド | |
US12139496B2 (en) | Therapeutic compounds and methods of use thereof | |
JP2020511511A (ja) | ナトリウムチャネル阻害剤としての4−ピペリジン−n−(ピリミジン−4−イル)クロマン−7−スルホンアミド誘導体 | |
US20240239766A1 (en) | 3-amino piperidyl sodium channel inhibitors | |
CN112041313A (zh) | 吡啶-磺酰胺化合物及其针对疼痛和相关疾患的用途 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: DE Ref document number: 40035598 Country of ref document: HK |
|
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20201113 |
|
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |