CN111890235A - Rotary jet polishing device and method - Google Patents
Rotary jet polishing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111890235A CN111890235A CN202010880637.XA CN202010880637A CN111890235A CN 111890235 A CN111890235 A CN 111890235A CN 202010880637 A CN202010880637 A CN 202010880637A CN 111890235 A CN111890235 A CN 111890235A
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 216
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004401 flow injection analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C9/00—Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material
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- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rotary jet polishing device, which comprises a jet nozzle component, wherein the jet nozzle component comprises a rotary joint, a rotary main shaft, a polishing nozzle and a penetrating motor; the rotating main shaft is a hollow shaft, and two ends of the rotating main shaft are respectively connected with the output end of the rotary joint and the polishing nozzle; the penetrating type motor comprises a hollow rotor and a stator, and when the hollow rotor rotates, the polishing nozzle is driven to rotate by rotating the main shaft; during polishing, firstly, the jet nozzle component is arranged on a motion platform or an industrial robot mechanical arm, a liquid supply system sequentially passes through a liquid supply pipeline, an input end and an output end of a rotary joint and a hollow inner cavity of a rotating main shaft, and finally polishing liquid reaches a polishing nozzle and is sprayed onto the surface of a workpiece at a certain pressure and speed. The invention can reduce the high-frequency error generated by jet polishing, ensure that the removal function formed by the jet impacting the surface of the workpiece is a Gaussian-like removal function with rotation symmetry and the maximum central removal amount, and simultaneously improve the jet polishing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a surface polishing device and a surface polishing method, and relates to a rotary jet polishing device and a rotary jet polishing method.
Background
With the development of modern optical industry and optical technology, aspheric optical elements are widely used in the fields of advanced optical telescope, high-sensitivity sensing, high-resolution image pickup and the like due to their excellent optical characteristics. The demand for high performance and high quality optical components with complex profiles is increasing, which places increasing demands on the processing equipment and processing technology of complex profile parts. There are many polishing methods for complex profile devices, such as abrasive water jet polishing, but the prior art has many deficiencies. When the jet flow is vertically incident, in a stagnation area where the jet flow impacts, although the impact pressure of the jet flow of the polishing liquid is large, the velocity of the jet flow is rapidly changed, the jet flow is changed from the initial perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece to be parallel to the surface of the workpiece, and the jet flow rapidly expands in the radial direction, so that the velocity of abrasive particles is close to zero at the moment when the jet flow beam reaches the stagnation point, the shearing force is zero at the moment, no material is removed, the velocity is rapidly increased after the abrasive particles leave the stagnation point, the material removal amount is also increased, when the jet flow is further expanded in the radial direction, the velocity is gradually reduced, the pressure is also gradually reduced to zero, the shearing force is gradually reduced, the material removal amount is also gradually reduced to zero, and the removal. When the incident angle is 75 degrees, the removal function is changed from a circular shape into a crescent shape, the maximum material removal depth exists on one side close to the incident side of the jet flow, and the material removal amount on the other side is small. When the incident angle is 60 °, the removal function is further bent into a horseshoe shape, and is elliptical as a whole. When the removal function is circular, i.e., the center removal amount is approximately zero, although polishing of the surface of the workpiece can be performed, high-frequency errors of the surface of the workpiece are easily increased, and thus it is not suitable for machining optical parts. In order to meet the requirement of high-precision polishing and shaping, the removal function should be rotationally symmetrical as much as possible, and the central removal amount is maximum. In addition, the current jet polishing technology has a disadvantage that in order to ensure sufficient pressure when the jet impacts the workpiece, the nozzle caliber is small, the jet beam is fine, so that the removal function spot is small, and the polishing efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides a rotary jet polishing device and a rotary jet polishing method, which can reduce high-frequency errors generated by jet polishing, ensure that a removal function formed by jet impacting the surface of a workpiece is a Gaussian-like removal function with rotation symmetry and the largest center removal amount, and simultaneously improve the jet polishing efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a rotary jet polishing device, which comprises a jet nozzle component and a liquid supply system, wherein the jet nozzle component comprises a rotary joint, a rotary spindle, a polishing nozzle and a penetrating type motor; the rotary main shaft is a hollow shaft, one end of the rotary main shaft is connected with the output end of the rotary joint, and the other end of the rotary main shaft is connected with the polishing nozzle; the penetrating motor comprises a hollow rotor and a stator, wherein the hollow rotor is sleeved on the rotating main shaft and is fixedly connected with the rotating main shaft through threaded connection; an upper end cover and a lower end cover are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the stator; rolling bearings are respectively arranged between the upper end cover and the rotating main shaft, and between the lower end cover and the rotating main shaft; when the hollow rotor rotates, power is transmitted to the rotating main shaft, so that the polishing nozzle is driven to rotate; meanwhile, the output end of the rotary joint rotates along with the rotating main shaft, and the input end of the rotary joint is fixed; during polishing, firstly, the jet nozzle component is installed on a motion platform or an industrial robot mechanical arm, the liquid supply system conveys polishing liquid to the input end of the rotary joint through a liquid supply pipeline, then the polishing liquid enters the hollow inner cavity of the rotary main shaft through the output end of the rotary joint, and the polishing liquid reaches the polishing nozzle through the hollow cavity of the rotary main shaft and is sprayed to the surface of a workpiece through the spray hole of the polishing nozzle at certain pressure and speed.
Further, the rotary jet polishing device of the invention is characterized in that the lower end cover is provided with a threaded hole for mounting the jet nozzle component on a motion platform or an industrial robot arm through replacing the component. Or is as follows: and the upper end cover and the lower end cover are respectively provided with an installation supporting table for installing the jet nozzle part on a motion platform or an industrial robot mechanical arm.
The rotating speed range of the polishing nozzle is 10-1000 rpm.
The rotary jet polishing device comprises a main body, wherein a polishing liquid channel and a liquid collecting cavity which are coaxially communicated with a hollow cavity of a rotating main shaft are arranged in the main body from top to bottom, and a jet spray hole is formed in the bottom of the liquid collecting cavity; according to the structural form of jet flow spray holes arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting cavity, the polishing nozzle has the following conditions:
1) polishing nozzle of eccentric single-hole structure: the number of the jet flow spray holes is one, the center of each jet flow spray hole is eccentric relative to the axis of the polishing liquid channel, and the axis of each jet flow spray hole is inclined to the lower end face of the polishing nozzle; during polishing, the polishing nozzle with the eccentric single-hole structure rotates under the driving of the rotating main shaft, and jet flow sprayed by the jet flow nozzle with the eccentric single-hole structure rotates around a removal spot formed on a workpiece, so that the jet flow of the polishing solution forms a Gaussian-like removal function;
2) polishing nozzle of eccentric porous structure: the number of the jet flow spray holes is multiple, the extension lines of the axes of the jet flow spray holes intersect at a point O, the point O is on the axis of the polishing solution channel, and the point O is positioned below the jet flow nozzles; during polishing, the distance between the polishing nozzle and a workpiece is adjusted to enable the O point to fall on the surface of the workpiece, and then the polishing nozzle with the eccentric porous structure rotates under the driving of the rotating main shaft, so that the polishing liquid jet flow forms a Gaussian removal function to improve the polishing efficiency;
3) polishing nozzle of non-eccentric porous structure: the number of the jet flow spray holes is multiple, the axes of the jet flow spray holes are perpendicular to the lower end face of the polishing nozzle, during polishing, the polishing nozzle with the non-eccentric porous structure rotates under the driving of the rotating main shaft, and the polishing nozzle with the non-eccentric porous structure performs homogenization removal on the surface of a workpiece, so that efficient polishing is realized.
The aperture of the jet flow orifice of the polishing nozzle is 0.05-5 mm.
For the polishing nozzle with the eccentric porous structure and the polishing nozzle with the non-eccentric porous structure, the number of the jet flow spray holes is one or more.
For the polishing nozzle with the eccentric single-hole structure and the polishing nozzle with the eccentric multi-hole structure, the included angle between the axis of the jet flow spray hole of the polishing nozzle and the lower end face of the polishing nozzle is 30-90 degrees.
The invention also provides a polishing method by using the rotary jet polishing, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting a proper polishing nozzle, installing the proper polishing nozzle at the lower end of a rotating main shaft, assembling a jet nozzle component, installing the jet nozzle component on a motion platform or an industrial robot mechanical arm through replacing a component, clamping a workpiece to be polished on a proper position of a workbench, clamping the workpiece, and adjusting the relative position of the polishing nozzle and the workpiece;
step 2: adding a proper amount of prepared polishing solution, and starting a liquid supply system; setting a proper rotating speed of the polishing nozzle through a rotating speed control system according to the characteristics of the material, the surface shape and the size of a workpiece to be polished, and enabling the nozzle to start rotating;
and step 3: after the pressure, concentration, flow and temperature of the polishing solution are stable, starting a motion platform or an industrial robot mechanical arm, operating a machining program, and starting polishing; the precise polishing is realized by controlling the residence time and the running track of the nozzle;
and 4, step 4: the polishing solution is recycled after impacting the surface of the workpiece for cyclic utilization.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the rotary jet polishing device provided by the invention adopts the rotary nozzle to enable the jet to rotate around the removing spots formed on the surface of the workpiece, so that a Gaussian-like removing function with rotation symmetry and the maximum central removing amount is generated, the high-frequency error generated by jet polishing is reduced, and the processing quality of the surface of the workpiece is improved.
(2) According to the rotary jet polishing device provided by the invention, the rotary jet ejected by the rotary nozzle can enhance the shearing effect of abrasive particles on workpiece materials, so that the material removal efficiency is improved, and the polishing efficiency is further improved
(3) The nozzle of the rotary jet polishing device provided by the invention can be replaced, and nozzles with orifices with different inclination angles, quantities and calibers can be properly selected for workpieces with different sizes, materials and surface shapes, so that the polishing efficiency is greatly improved while the processing quality is ensured.
(4) The rotary jet polishing device provided by the invention can adjust the rotating speed of the nozzle through the rotating speed control system, and further improves the polishing quality by selecting the proper rotating speed of the nozzle for workpieces made of different materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a first embodiment of a rotary nozzle in a rotary jet polishing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a second embodiment of a rotary nozzle in the rotary jet polishing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a rotary nozzle in the rotary jet polishing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a structural view of an eccentric single orifice nozzle of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural view of a multi-hole eccentric nozzle in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a structural view of a porous non-eccentric nozzle in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the rotary jet polishing apparatus of the present invention mounted on a motion stage.
In the figure:
1-rotary joint 2-hollow rotating shaft 3-upper end cover 4-first rolling bearing
5-rotor 6-stator 7-second rolling bearing 8-lower end cover
9-sealing gasket 10-polishing nozzle 11-liquid supply system 12-rotating speed control system
13-moving platform 14-replacing device 15-jet nozzle component 16-mounting support table
101-polishing liquid channel 102-liquid collecting cavity 103-jet flow orifice 104-annular groove
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms, "upper", "lower", "inner", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
The invention provides a rotary jet polishing device, which comprises a jet nozzle component and a liquid supply system 11, wherein the jet nozzle component 15 comprises a rotary joint 1, a rotating main shaft 2, a polishing nozzle 10 and a penetrating motor; the polishing device is characterized in that the rotating main shaft 2 is a hollow shaft, the upper end of the rotating main shaft 2 is connected with the output end of the rotary joint 1, the lower end of the rotating main shaft 2 is connected with the polishing nozzle 10 through threaded connection, and a sealing gasket 9 is arranged between the polishing nozzle 10 and the hollow rotating main shaft 2 to prevent polishing liquid from leaking. As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 7.
As shown in fig. 3, the penetrating motor includes a hollow rotor 5 and a stator 6, the hollow rotor 5 is sleeved on the rotating main shaft 2 and is fixedly connected with the rotating main shaft 2 through a threaded connection; the upper end cover 3 and the lower end cover 8 are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the stator 6; rolling bearings are respectively arranged between the upper end cover 3 and the lower end cover 8 and the rotating main shaft, the specific structure is shown in fig. 3, the upper end cover 3 and the lower end cover 8 are respectively provided with a central hole, the upper end cover 3 is matched with an outer ring of a first rolling bearing 4, the lower end cover 8 is matched with an outer ring of a second rolling bearing 7, and shaft necks at two ends of the hollow rotating main shaft 2 are respectively matched with an inner ring of the first rolling bearing 4 and an inner ring of the second rolling bearing 7, so that when the hollow rotor 5 drives the rotating main shaft 2 to rotate, the upper end cover 3, the lower end cover 8 and a stator 6 connected with the upper end cover and the lower end cover are not moved, and therefore, when the hollow rotor 5 rotates, power is transmitted to the rotating main shaft 2, and the polishing nozzle 10 is driven to rotate; at the same time, the output end of the rotary joint 1 rotates along with the rotating main shaft 2, and the input end of the rotary joint 1 is fixed.
As shown in fig. 7, during polishing, firstly, the jet nozzle component 15 is mounted on the motion platform 13 or the mechanical arm of the industrial robot, the liquid supply system 11 delivers the polishing liquid to the input end of the rotary joint 1 through the liquid supply pipeline, and then the polishing liquid enters the hollow cavity of the rotary spindle 2 through the output end of the rotary joint 1, and the polishing liquid reaches the polishing nozzle 10 through the hollow cavity of the rotary spindle 2 and is sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece through the spray hole of the polishing nozzle 10 at a certain pressure and speed.
In order to facilitate the installation of the jet nozzle component 15 on the motion platform 13 or the mechanical arm of the industrial robot, the end cover of the through motor has two structures, as shown in fig. 1 and 7, one structure is that the lower end surface of the lower end cover 8 is provided with a threaded hole, the replacement component in the invention is a bent plate structure, the vertical plate of the bent plate is fixed with the motion platform 13 or the mechanical arm of the industrial robot, and the horizontal plate of the bent plate is connected with the jet nozzle component 15 on the motion platform 13 or the mechanical arm of the industrial robot through threads. As shown in fig. 2 and 7, alternatively, mounting supports 16 are provided on the side surfaces of the upper cap 3 and the lower cap 8, so that the jet nozzle component 15 can be directly mounted on the motion platform 13 or the mechanical arm of the industrial robot, and can work in various occasions.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the polishing nozzle 10 of the present invention includes a main body, a polishing liquid channel 101 and a liquid collecting cavity 102 are provided in the main body from top to bottom, the polishing liquid channel and the liquid collecting cavity being coaxially communicated with the hollow cavity of the rotating spindle 2, a jet spray hole 103 is provided at the bottom of the liquid collecting cavity 102, an annular groove 104 for installing a sealing gasket 9 is provided at the upper end surface of the main body, and the polishing nozzle has the following conditions according to the structural form of the jet spray hole provided at the bottom of the liquid collecting cavity:
1) polishing nozzle of eccentric single-hole structure: as shown in fig. 4, the number of the jet flow injection holes 103 is one, the center of the jet flow injection hole 10 is eccentric with respect to the axis of the polishing liquid channel 101, and the axis of the jet flow injection hole 103 is inclined to the lower end surface of the polishing nozzle; the method comprises the steps of selecting eccentric single-hole nozzles with different apertures, different eccentricities and different inclination angles according to the material, the size and the surface shape characteristics of a workpiece to be machined, rotating the polishing nozzles 10 of the eccentric single-hole structures under the driving of the rotating main shaft 2 during polishing, and enabling jet flow sprayed by the jet flow nozzles 10 to rotate around removing spots formed on the workpiece by adjusting the distance between the nozzles and the workpiece, so that the jet flow of polishing liquid forms a Gaussian-like removal function.
2) Polishing nozzle of eccentric porous structure: as shown in fig. 5, the number of the jet nozzles 103 is plural, and the extension lines of the axes of the plural jet nozzles 103 intersect at a point O on the axis of the slurry channel 101, and the point O is located below the plural jet nozzles 103; during polishing, the porous nozzles with different numbers and different inclination angles of jet flow orifices are selected according to the material, the size and the surface shape characteristics of a workpiece to be processed, the O point falls on the surface of the workpiece by adjusting the distance between the polishing nozzle and the workpiece, and the polishing nozzle with the eccentric porous structure rotates under the drive of the rotating main shaft 2, so that the jet flow of the polishing solution forms a Gaussian removal function, and the polishing efficiency can be greatly improved.
3) Polishing nozzle of non-eccentric porous structure: as shown in fig. 6, the number of the jet holes 103 is multiple, the axes of the multiple jet holes 103 are perpendicular to the lower end surface of the polishing nozzle with the non-eccentric porous structure, during polishing, different porous array arrangements are designed for workpieces with different materials and sizes, and the polishing nozzle 10 with the non-eccentric porous structure rotates under the driving of the rotating main shaft 2, so that the surface of the workpiece is homogenized and removed, and efficient polishing is realized.
The aperture of the jet flow orifice of the polishing nozzle is 0.05-5 mm.
For the above-described eccentric porous structure polishing nozzle and non-eccentric porous structure polishing nozzle 10, the number of the jet flow orifices 103 is one or more.
For the polishing nozzle with the eccentric single-hole structure and the polishing nozzle with the eccentric multi-hole structure, the included angle between the axis of the jet flow spray hole 103 of the polishing nozzle and the lower end face of the polishing nozzle is 30-90 degrees.
In the present invention, the aperture and the specific number of the jet holes 103 and the specific numerical value of the included angle between the axis of the jet hole 103 of the polishing nozzle and the lower end surface of the polishing nozzle can be determined by those skilled in the art according to the requirement.
In the invention, the rotating speed range of the polishing nozzle 10 is 10-1000 rpm, during actual processing, the rotating speed of the polishing nozzle 10 can be adjusted through a rotating speed control system according to the material, the size and the surface shape characteristics of a workpiece, and the proper rotating speed of the nozzle is selected, so that the polishing quality of the workpiece can be greatly improved.
The steps of polishing by using the rotary jet polishing device provided by the invention are as follows:
step 1: the method comprises the steps of selecting a proper polishing nozzle 10, installing the polishing nozzle at the lower end of a rotating main shaft 2, assembling a jet nozzle component 15, installing the jet nozzle component 15 on a moving platform 13 or an industrial robot mechanical arm through a replacing component 14 of equipment, clamping a workpiece to be polished on a proper position of a workbench, clamping the workpiece, adjusting the relative position of the polishing nozzle 10 and the workpiece, and avoiding the situation that jet flow is sprayed onto the workpiece when a liquid supply system is started because the jet flow is unstable at the moment and can influence the removal precision.
Step 2: adding a proper amount of prepared polishing solution, and starting the liquid supply system 11; according to the characteristics of the material, the surface shape and the size of a workpiece to be polished, a proper rotating speed of the polishing nozzle 10 is set through a rotating speed control system 12, and the nozzle starts to rotate;
and step 3: after the pressure, concentration, flow, temperature, etc. of the polishing solution are stabilized, the motion platform 13 or the mechanical arm of the industrial robot is started to run the processing program, and polishing is started. The precise polishing is realized by controlling the residence time and the running track of the nozzle;
and 4, step 4: the polishing solution is recycled after impacting the surface of the workpiece for cyclic utilization.
In the polishing process of the rotary jet polishing device, the polishing liquid delivered by the liquid supply system 11 is ejected by the rotary polishing nozzle to form rotary jet, and a Gaussian-like removal function is formed on the surface of a workpiece, so that the surface convergence efficiency can be improved. Meanwhile, the rotary jet flow can enhance the shearing effect of abrasive particles on workpiece materials, so that the material removal efficiency is improved, and the polishing efficiency is further improved.
Example 1:
in this embodiment, the rotary jet nozzle unit 15 of the present invention may be mounted on the multi-axis motion platform 13, and the motion platform 13 has X, Y, Z three degrees of freedom of linear motion and one degree of freedom of rotation around the a axis, as shown in fig. 7, the jet nozzle unit 15 is mounted on the Z-axis slide of the motion platform 13 by the replacing device 14, and the workpiece to be processed is fixed on the worktable. The jet nozzle component 15 is driven by a Z-axis slide block of the moving platform 13 to move to a proper position, the liquid supply system 11 conveys the polishing liquid to a liquid collecting cavity 102 of the polishing nozzle 10 through a liquid supply pipeline and then sprays the polishing liquid to the surface of the workpiece through a jet nozzle 103, and the jet of the polishing liquid rotates around the spot removal of the polishing liquid to form a Gaussian removal function. The rotating speed of the polishing nozzle 10 can be adjusted by the rotating speed control system 12, and the jet nozzle component 15 is driven by the moving platform to precisely polish the surface of the workpiece.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, the jet nozzle unit 15 of the present invention may be mounted on a robot arm of an industrial robot. The rotary nozzle is used as an end actuating mechanism of an industrial robot, and the distance between the nozzle and the surface of a workpiece and the relative posture between the nozzle and the workpiece can be adjusted by controlling the motion of a mechanical arm. When a workpiece is polished, the motion track of the mechanical arm needs to be planned in advance to generate a numerical control machining program, and the liquid supply system conveys polishing liquid to the rotary nozzle through the liquid supply pipeline, and the polishing liquid is sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece under the driving of the mechanical arm, so that the complex curved surface can be polished.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are illustrative only and not restrictive, and various modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention and which are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A rotary jet polishing device comprises a jet nozzle component and a liquid supply system (11), and is characterized in that the jet nozzle component (15) comprises a rotary joint (1), a rotating main shaft (2), a polishing nozzle (10) and a penetrating motor; the rotary main shaft (2) is a hollow shaft, one end of the rotary main shaft (2) is connected with the output end of the rotary joint (1), and the other end of the rotary main shaft (2) is connected with the polishing nozzle (10);
the penetrating motor comprises a hollow rotor (5) and a stator (6), wherein the hollow rotor (5) is sleeved on the rotating main shaft (2) and is fixedly connected with the rotating main shaft (2) through threaded connection; an upper end cover (3) and a lower end cover (8) are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the stator (6); rolling bearings are respectively arranged between the upper end cover (3) and the rotating main shaft as well as between the lower end cover (8) and the rotating main shaft; when the hollow rotor (5) rotates, power is transmitted to the rotating main shaft (2), so that the polishing nozzle (10) is driven to rotate; meanwhile, the output end of the rotary joint (1) rotates along with the rotating main shaft (2), and the input end of the rotary joint (1) is fixed;
during polishing, firstly, a jet nozzle component (15) is installed on a moving platform (13) or an industrial robot mechanical arm, a liquid supply system (11) conveys polishing liquid to the input end of the rotary joint (1) through a liquid supply pipeline, then the polishing liquid enters the hollow inner cavity of the rotary spindle (2) through the output end of the rotary joint (1), and the polishing liquid reaches the polishing nozzle (10) through the hollow cavity of the rotary spindle (2) and is sprayed to the surface of a workpiece through the spray hole of the polishing nozzle (10) at a certain pressure and speed.
2. The rotary jet polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end cap (8) is provided with threaded holes for mounting the jet nozzle unit (15) on a motion platform (13) or a robot arm of an industrial robot by replacing components; or is as follows: the upper end cover (3) and the lower end cover (8) are respectively provided with an installation support table (16) for installing the jet nozzle component (15) on a motion platform (13) or an industrial robot mechanical arm.
3. The rotary jet polishing device according to claim 1, wherein the polishing nozzle (10) comprises a main body, a polishing liquid channel (101) and a liquid collecting cavity (102) which are coaxially communicated with the hollow cavity of the rotating main shaft (2) are arranged in the main body from top to bottom, and a jet spray hole (103) is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting cavity (102);
the number of the jet flow spray holes (103) is one, the center of each jet flow spray hole (103) is eccentric relative to the axis of the polishing liquid channel (101), and the axis of each jet flow spray hole (103) is inclined to the lower end face of the polishing nozzle; during polishing, the polishing nozzle (10) rotates under the drive of the rotating main shaft (2), and jet flow sprayed by the jet flow nozzle (10) rotates around a removal spot formed on a workpiece, so that the jet flow of polishing solution forms a Gaussian removal function.
4. The rotary jet polishing device according to claim 1, wherein the polishing nozzle (10) comprises a main body, a polishing liquid channel (101) and a liquid collecting cavity (102) which are coaxially communicated with the hollow cavity of the rotating main shaft (2) are arranged in the main body from top to bottom, and a jet spray hole (103) is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting cavity (102);
the number of the jet flow spray holes (103) is multiple, the extension lines of the axes of the jet flow spray holes (103) intersect at a point O, the point O is on the axis of the polishing liquid channel (101), and the point O is positioned below the jet flow spray holes (103); during polishing, the distance between the polishing nozzle and the workpiece is adjusted to enable the O point to fall on the surface of the workpiece, and the polishing nozzle (10) rotates under the driving of the rotating main shaft (2), so that polishing liquid jet flow forms a Gaussian removal function, and the polishing efficiency is improved.
5. The rotary jet polishing device according to claim 1, wherein the polishing nozzle (10) comprises a main body, a polishing liquid channel (101) and a liquid collecting cavity (102) which are coaxially communicated with the hollow cavity of the rotating main shaft (2) are arranged in the main body from top to bottom, and a jet spray hole (103) is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting cavity (102);
the number of the jet flow spray holes (103) is multiple, the axes of the jet flow spray holes (103) are perpendicular to the lower end face of the polishing nozzle, and during polishing, the polishing nozzle (10) rotates under the driving of the rotating main shaft (2), so that the surface of a workpiece is removed in a homogenizing mode, and efficient polishing is achieved.
6. The rotary jet polishing device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the number of jet orifices of the polishing nozzle (10) is one or more.
7. The rotary jet polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotational speed of the polishing nozzle (10) is in the range of 10 to 1000 rpm.
8. The rotary jet polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the jet orifice of the polishing nozzle (10) is 0.05-5 mm.
9. The rotary jet polishing device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the angle between the axis of the jet orifice of the polishing nozzle (10) and the lower end face of the polishing nozzle is 30-90 °.
10. A rotational jet polishing method, characterized in that the polishing method comprises the steps of:
step 1: selecting a proper polishing nozzle (10), installing the proper polishing nozzle (10) at the lower end of a rotating main shaft (2), assembling a jet nozzle component (15), installing the jet nozzle component (15) on a moving platform (13) or an industrial robot mechanical arm through a replacing component (14), clamping a workpiece to be polished on a proper position of a workbench, clamping the workpiece, and adjusting the relative position of the polishing nozzle (10) and the workpiece;
step 2: adding a proper amount of prepared polishing solution, and starting a liquid supply system (11); according to the characteristics of the material, the surface shape and the size of a workpiece to be polished, a rotating speed control system (12) is used for setting a proper rotating speed of a polishing nozzle (10), and the nozzle starts to rotate;
and step 3: after the pressure, concentration, flow and temperature of the polishing solution are stable, starting a motion platform (13) or an industrial robot mechanical arm, operating a machining program and starting polishing; the precise polishing is realized by controlling the residence time and the running track of the nozzle;
and 4, step 4: the polishing solution is recycled after impacting the surface of the workpiece for cyclic utilization.
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