CN110951030B - 一种耐低温、耐磨的无黄变聚氨酯树脂及其制备的超细纤维合成革 - Google Patents
一种耐低温、耐磨的无黄变聚氨酯树脂及其制备的超细纤维合成革 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐低温、耐磨的无黄变聚氨酯树脂及其制备的超细纤维合成革,本发明的聚氨酯树脂以聚碳酸酯多元醇为主,并引入了特殊结构的有机硅多元醇以及氢化端羟基聚丁二烯。一方面,得到的聚氨酯树脂支链上引入硅氧烷结构,成膜后易聚集在表面,大大提高了耐磨性能,同时也避免了后添加易析出的弊端。另一方面,主链引入氢化聚丁二烯,其是具有优异耐低温性的弹性体结构,从而提高了低温耐折性能。另外,主链中的氢化聚丁二烯以及非芳族二异氰酸酯的使用避免了活性双键的老化,保证了聚氨酯树脂的无黄变性。本发明所制得的超细纤维合成革,具备良好的低温耐折性能和耐磨性能,满足汽车革对‑30℃耐折5万次不出现裂痕的要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种聚氨酯树脂,尤其涉及一种超细纤维合成革用耐低温、耐磨的无黄变聚氨酯,属于聚氨酯超细纤维合成革技术领域。
背景技术
海岛型超细纤维合成革,分为绒面革和贴面革,超细纤维贴面革是由聚氨酯涂层和超细纤维基布组成的复合材料,一般情况下聚氨酯涂层树脂的性能对整个合成革的品质都起了至关重要的作用,尤其在严寒的季节或地域,对手感和物性也提出了更高的要求。
对于常规的鞋革、服装革、汽车革等,如果在严寒的条件下耐折性能不好,这严重影响了其使用寿命。对于汽车上的应用,要求更为苛刻,部分车厂对低温耐折的要求是,-30℃,耐折5万次不出现裂痕,而常规的汽车革面层树脂只能达到1-2万次内。为了追求良好的效果,需要通过改变聚氨酯树脂本身的结构,来提高耐磨、低温耐折性能。
关于耐磨、低温耐折的聚氨酯树脂的专利报道,例如:一种高耐磨、耐低温、耐曲折、耐水解聚氨酯面层树脂 (专利申请号:201510411756.X),专利通过添加有机硅类助剂来提高耐磨,存在析出的风险;一种耐磨耐寒聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法和应用(专利申请号:201610387983.8),专利采用常规的原料,制备的聚氨酯耐候性、耐老化性能不好,不适合应用汽车领域。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种耐低温、耐磨的无黄变聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法,提高现有聚氨酯树脂的低温耐折、耐光、耐磨性能。
所述的无黄变聚氨酯树脂,采用包含以下重量份的原料制备:
聚碳酸酯二醇 100-150
聚醚二元醇 0-60
双羟基有机硅低聚物 10-40
氢化端羟基聚丁二烯 10-50
扩链剂 10-50
二异氰酸酯 20-80
溶剂 400-800
催化剂 0.01-1
封端剂 0.5-3。
优选地,
聚碳酸酯二醇 110-130
聚醚二元醇 0-30
双羟基有机硅低聚物 20-30
氢化端羟基聚丁二烯 20-40
扩链剂 15-35
二异氰酸酯 40-60
溶剂 550-650
催化剂 0.01-0.04
封端剂 0.8-1.8。
其中:
所述的聚碳酸酯二醇,数均分子量为1000-4000,优选2000,例如宇部(UBE)公司的UH-200;
所述的聚醚二元醇为聚3-甲基四氢呋喃二元醇,数均分子量为1000-4000,优选2000;
所述的双羟基有机硅低聚物,主链是3-8个碳链的双端羟基,支链是有机硅的预聚体,数均分子量为1000-8000,优选3000-5000,例如斯洛柯公司的Silok 8866;
所述的氢化端羟基聚丁二烯,数均分子量为1000-4000,优选2000;
所述的扩链剂选自异佛尔酮二胺、4,4-二氨基二环己基甲烷中的任意一种及其组合;
所述的二异氰酸酯选自异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的任意一种及其组合;
所述的溶剂选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、异丙醇、甲苯、异丁醇中的任意一种及其组合,优选N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲苯,更优选N,N-二甲基甲酰胺与甲苯的质量比为3:2;
所述催化剂为有机金属催化剂;所述有机金属催化剂选自有机锡、有机铋、有机钾、有机锌中的任意一种及其组合;
所述的封端剂为单端氨基硅氧烷,数均分子量为500-4000,优选2000;
所述耐低温、耐磨的无黄变聚氨酯的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将聚碳酸酯二醇、聚醚二元醇、双羟基有机硅低聚物、氢化端羟基聚丁二烯、和部分溶剂,在50-60℃混合;然后加入二异氰酸酯,升温至70-80℃,反应0.5-1小时;
(2)加入催化剂,升温至90-110℃,反应2-3小时;
(3)加入剩余溶剂,降温到50℃以下,滴加扩链剂涨粘;
(4)粘度为80-140PaS/25℃时,停止滴加,加入封端剂终止反应,保温1-2小时,即可获得所述的无黄变聚氨酯树脂,质量固含量为25-35%,优选30%。
本发明还公开了一种利用所述的耐低温、耐磨的无黄变聚氨酯树脂所制备的超细纤维合成革;所述超细纤维合成革耐磨性能大于1200次、-30℃耐折性能大于5万次。
本发明的有益效果如下:所述的无黄变聚氨酯,以聚碳酸酯多元醇为主,并引入了特殊结构的有机硅多元醇,氢化端羟基聚丁二烯,聚3-甲基四氢呋喃二元醇。一方面,得到的聚氨酯树脂支链上引入硅氧烷结构,成膜后易聚集在表面,相比于常规的主链引入有机硅,由于其被固定在聚氨酯主链中,难以聚集在表面,效果很差,因而,本发明采用的特殊结构的双羟基有机硅低聚物大大提高了耐磨性能,同时也避免了后添加易析出的弊端。另一方面,主链引入氢化聚丁二烯,其是具有优异耐低温性的弹性体结构,大大提高了低温耐折性能;同时可选辅以侧基聚四氢呋喃二醇结构,该结构由于存在侧基,大大降低了低温下的结晶性,进而可避免低温耐折性的降低,也可满足材料物性调节的需要。另外,主链中的氢化聚丁二烯以及非芳族二异氰酸酯的使用避免了活性双键的老化,保证了聚氨酯树脂的无黄变性,使得聚氨酯树脂具备优异的耐老化性能,尤其在耐磨、-30℃耐折性能,能满足最苛刻的汽车革使用要求。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明内容作进一步描述,本发明的试验条件可以根据需要进行相应调整,而不限于本实施例的试验条件。
实施例1:
将聚碳酸酯二醇(UH-200)130g(分子量2000)、聚3-甲基四氢呋喃二元醇15g(分子量2000)、双羟基有机硅低聚物(Silok8866)20g(分子量4500)、氢化端羟基聚丁二烯20g(分子量2000)和N,N二甲基甲酰胺100g,在55℃混合;然后加入4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯44.1g,升温至70℃,反应0.5小时,
加入0.01g有机铋催化剂,升温至110℃,反应3小时;
加入N,N二甲基甲酰胺251.5g,甲苯221g,降温到50℃以下,滴加17.6g的4,4-二氨基二环己基甲烷涨粘;
当粘度达到80PaS/25℃时,停止滴加,加入0.8g单端氨基硅氧烷终止反应,保温1小时,即可获得所述的无黄变聚氨酯树脂,质量固含量为30%。
实施例2:
将聚碳酸酯二醇(UH-200)110g(分子量2000)、双羟基有机硅低聚物(Silok8866)20g(分子量4500)、氢化端羟基聚丁二烯30g(分子量2000)和N,N二甲基甲酰胺100g,在50℃混合;然后加入4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯58.2g,升温至70℃,反应0.5小时,
加入0.02g有机铋催化剂,升温至100℃,反应3小时;
加入N,N二甲基甲酰胺249g,甲苯233g,降温到50℃以下,滴加31g的4,4-二氨基二环己基甲烷涨粘;
当粘度达到100PaS/25℃时,停止滴加,加入1g单端氨基硅氧烷终止反应,保温1小时,即可获得所述的无黄变聚氨酯树脂,质量固含量为30%。
实施例3:
将聚碳酸酯二醇(UH-200)130g(分子量2000)、聚3-甲基四氢呋喃二元醇30g(分子量2000)、双羟基有机硅低聚物(Silok8866)30g(分子量4500)、氢化端羟基聚丁二烯20g(分子量2000)和N,N二甲基甲酰胺100g,在50℃混合;然后加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯42.2g,升温至70℃,反应0.5小时,
加入0.04有机铋催化剂,升温至90℃,反应2小时;
加入N,N二甲基甲酰胺282g,甲苯241g,降温到50℃以下,滴加16.1g异佛尔酮二胺涨粘;
当粘度达到为120PaS/25℃时,停止滴加,加入1.8g单端氨基硅氧烷终止反应,保温1小时,即可获得所述的无黄变聚氨酯树脂,质量固含量为30%。
实施例4:
将聚碳酸酯二醇(UH-200)120g(分子量2000)、双羟基有机硅低聚物(Silok8866)20g(分子量4500)、氢化端羟基聚丁二烯40g(分子量2000)和N,N二甲基甲酰胺100g,在60℃混合;然后加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯56g,升温至70℃,反应0.5小时,
加入0.01g有机铋催化剂,升温至110℃,反应3小时;
加入N,N二甲基甲酰胺270g,甲苯247g,降温到50℃以下,滴加28.5g的异佛尔酮二胺涨粘;
当粘度达到140PaS/25℃时,停止滴加,加入1.2g单端氨基硅氧烷终止反应,保温1小时,即可获得所述的无黄变聚氨酯树脂,质量固含量为30%。
对比例:
将聚碳酸酯二醇(UH-200)120g(分子量2000)、N,N二甲基甲酰胺100g,在60℃混合;然后加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯27g,升温至70℃,反应0.5小时,
加入0.01g有机铋催化剂,升温至110℃,反应3小时;
加入N,N二甲基甲酰胺120g,甲苯146g,降温到50℃以下,滴加11g的异佛尔酮二胺涨粘;
当粘度达到140PaS/25℃时,停止滴加,加入终止剂反应,添加13g有机硅助剂DC-51,保温1小时,即可获得所述的无黄变聚氨酯树脂,质量固含量为30%。
将上述四个实施例和对比例所制得的聚氨酯树脂,通过下述比例配料:按聚氨酯100份,DMF48份,甲苯30份,黑色粉5份。经贴面后制成干法合成革进行耐磨及低温耐折测试,制革工艺如文献:《合成工艺学》(曲建波等.合成革工艺学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2010.)。
耐磨性能测试方法:将上述制备好的革样,使用耐磨裁样磨具(外径108cm,内径8mm)裁取标准试样,用同样尺寸的胶片贴在试样背面,并将其装于TABER耐磨测试机上(中国台湾高铁,GT-7012-T),确认电源电压为AC220V,50HZ,选择砂轮型号为CS-10,装上砂轮后,旋紧固定螺帽。依试验标准于砝码配重处置放所需之砝码(本试验机置放之砝码为750g。将试验杆臂放下,设定转动次数并启动机器,直到试样出现针孔,关闭机器记录次数并取出样片。
低温耐折测试方法:将上述制备好的革样,使用耐折裁样模具(45*70mm)依次在革样上裁10片样片,其中经向和纬向样片数量各5张,样片背面上应标明革样名称、经纬向、温度条件(-30℃)、耐折次数。根据设定的条件,分别将裁好的样片安装在低温耐折试验机(中国台湾鸿达,设备型号HT-8043)上进行测试,根据测试情况,记录耐折结果。
测试结果如下表所示:
耐磨 | -30℃耐折 | |
实施例1 | 1300次 | 75000次 |
实施例2 | 1500次 | 68000次 |
实施例3 | 1500次 | 63000次 |
实施例4 | 1600次 | 56000次 |
对比例 | 1200次 | 12000次 |
由此可见,本发明实施例所制得的革样,具备良好的低温耐折性能和耐磨性能,将对汽车革行业的使用和推广起到非常有利的效果。
Claims (7)
1.一种耐低温、耐磨的无黄变聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于,采用包含以下重量份的原料制备:
聚碳酸酯二醇 100-150;
聚醚二元醇 0-60;
双羟基有机硅低聚物 10-40;
氢化端羟基聚丁二烯 10-50;
扩链剂 10-50;
二异氰酸酯 20-80;
溶剂 400-800;
催化剂 0.01-1;
封端剂 0.5-3;
所述的聚醚二元醇为聚3-甲基四氢呋喃二元醇;
所述的双羟基有机硅低聚物的牌号为Silok8866;
所述的封端剂为单端氨基硅氧烷,数均分子量为500-4000;
制备包括如下步骤:
(1)将聚碳酸酯二醇、聚醚二元醇、双羟基有机硅低聚物、氢化端羟基聚丁二烯、和部分溶剂,在50-60℃混合;然后加入二异氰酸酯,升温至70-80℃,反应0.5-1小时;
(2)加入催化剂,升温至90-110℃,反应2-3小时;
(3)加入剩余溶剂,降温到50℃以下,滴加扩链剂涨粘;
(4)粘度为80-140PaS/25℃时,停止滴加,加入封端剂终止反应,保温1-2小时,即可获得所述的无黄变聚氨酯树脂,质量固含量为25-35%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于,采用包含以下重量份的原料制备:
聚碳酸酯二醇 110-130;
聚醚二元醇 0-30;
双羟基有机硅低聚物 20-30;
氢化端羟基聚丁二烯 20-40;
扩链剂 15-35;
二异氰酸酯 40-60;
溶剂 550-650;
催化剂 0.01-0.04;
封端剂 0.8-1.8。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于,所述的聚碳酸酯二醇,数均分子量为1000-4000;所述的聚醚二元醇的数均分子量为1000-4000。
4.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于,所述的氢化端羟基聚丁二烯,数均分子量为1000-4000。
5.根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于,所述的扩链剂选自异佛尔酮二胺、4,4-二氨基二环己基甲烷中的任意一种及其组合;所述的二异氰酸酯选自异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的任意一种及其组合。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于,所述的溶剂选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、异丙醇、甲苯、异丁醇中的任意一种及其组合;所述催化剂为有机金属催化剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于,所述有机金属催化剂选自有机锡、有机铋、有机钾、有机锌中的任意一种及其组合。
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