CN110801018A - 辅酶q10维生素c运动含片 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提出了一组以辅酶Q10与果糖为主要成分组成的运动能量含片,对各种运动过量导致的心率加速,肌肉疲劳,能量消耗过大的状态有很好的保护作用,本发明的特征是以辅酶Q10和果糖为主要原料,分别为每100片含有辅酶Q10 1~3g,果糖10~30g制成可用于运动时补充能量的含片,本发明还根据运动的不同阶段,设计了运动前速度型,运动中耐力型和运动后恢复型的三种运动配方,分别根据运动员运动时不同的状态添加不同的营养补充剂,包括维生素C,肌酸,牛磺酸等,为不同的运动人群提供不同的运动营养品。由于本含片可为心脏提供动力和能量,还能抗氧化,清除自由基,长期服用可保持良好健康的状态,使机体充满活力,精力旺盛,脑力充沛。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于运动营养食品技术领域,具体涉及一组以辅酶Q10和果糖组成的保护心脏及肌肉并可提供能源的运动能量补充的制剂配方及其产品。
背景技术
体育运动随着群众健康理念的转变及对更高生活方式的追求,已经从最初的专业竞技体育向“大众体育”“全民运动”发生了明显的转变。在体育运动过程中、后期,机体一般会出现明显的运动性疲劳,长期下去则可能对机体造成不可逆转的损伤。因此,及时补充运动损失的营养,消除运动性疲劳,让身体机能恢复正常,是目前科学家急于解决的科学问题。目前,国内外也已开发出以增强运动能力与提高体能为目标的各种运动营养食品包括饮料、片剂、能量棒、胶囊等形式多样的运动营养食品。我国于2015年发布的 GB 24154-2015《食品安全国家标准运动营养食品通则》中对运动营养食品定义为:“为满足运动人群(指每周参加体育锻炼 3 次及以上、每次持续时间30分钟及以上、每次运动强度达到中等及以上的人群)的生理代谢状态、运动能力及对某些营养成分的特殊需求而专门加工的食品”。根据能量与蛋白质等不同需求可分为:补充能量类、控制能量类、补充蛋白质类,针对不同运动项目特殊需求分为:速度力量类、耐力类、运动后恢复类, 并且不同类运动营养食品所含的特征功效成分有所差异。
辅酶Q10是1957年被发现的一种存在于人体内的重要成分,该成分对心脏能量代谢起着重要的作用。现已证明,辅酶Q10能激活人体细胞和细胞能量的营养,具有提高人体免疫力、增强抗氧化、延缓衰老和增强人体活力等功能,医学上广泛用于心血管系统疾病,国内外也广泛将其用于营养保健品及食品添加剂。辅酶Q10的抗衰老作用有两个重要作用,一是在营养物质在线粒体内转化为能量的过程中起重要的作用,二是有明显的抗脂质过氧化作用。它是细胞线粒体中的能量转换剂,它通过转移和传递电子参与"三羧酸循环"产生ATP(三磷酸腺苷),即能量因子供细胞代谢使用。人类在20岁时,自主合成的辅酶Q10能力达到顶峰,维持至50岁左右。以后会逐年下降,因为寄存辅酶Q10的细胞线粒体DNA物质被氧自由基破坏,导致自主合成辅酶 Q10减少。结果使人体细胞,特别是心脏细胞的代谢功能下降,劳力活动就会出现疲劳,并随着运动量的增加疲劳状态就更加严重。辅酶Q10的抗疲劳作用与70年代中期Mitchell提出的化学渗透假说理论有关,该理论提出生物体内能量的转换是以辅酶Q10在线粒体能量转换体系中发挥的重要作用有密切联系,辅酶Q10至少是3种线粒体酶(多酶复合体I、II和Ⅲ)的辅酶,它的化学结构为6位碳上连有一个十单位异戊二烯侧链的2,3二甲氧基5甲基1,4苯醌衍生物。其醌环在氧化呼吸链中起传递电子和质子的作用,这种作用不仅是所有生命形式必不可少的,而且还是形成ATP的关键。而ATP是机体能量的主要储存形式,也是所有细胞功能赖以正常发挥的重要基础,辅酶Q10的生物活性主要来自于其醌环的氧化还原特性和其侧链的理化性质。它是细胞自身产生的天然抗氧化剂和细胞代谢启动剂,具有保护和恢复生物膜结构的完整性、稳定膜电位作用,是机体的非特异性免疫增强剂,因此显示出极好抗疲劳作用,辅酶Q10使细胞保持良好健康的状态,因而机体充满活力,精力旺盛,脑力充沛。实验表明辅酶 Q10可大大地促进心脏健康,而且人体内添加一定量的辅酶 Q10对于适当的肌肉功能是必需的。肌细胞提取物生化分析发现辅酶Q10的浓度低于正常20% 时其细胞线粒体复合体I+II及复合体I+III功活性严重下降。几种研究明确显示100-150mg/天的辅酶 Q10的补充可明显改善遭受肌肉营养失调人的状况。艰苦的体育锻炼减少了辅酶Q10的血液含量,每日60mg的补充已发现可改善运动员的技能。我们的研究也发现,辅酶Q10对缺乏雄激素导致的小鼠的肌肉萎缩有明显的保护重要,但是,当辅酶Q10与果糖联合应用,这种保护作用更好,我们认为,果糖的补充,对于辅酶Q10能量转化的功能具有更好的促进作用。
果糖为重要单糖,是葡萄糖同分异构体,为最甜的单糖。食用果糖血糖指数低,不易导致高血糖及龋齿,果糖代谢不依赖于胰岛素,在体内,果糖可经不可逆的方式合成葡萄糖或糖元,特别是肝糖原和肌糖原,果糖激酶可催化果糖以被机体利用,而由于果糖激酶富含于肝脏和肌肉,因此,肝脏和肌肉是果糖代谢的主要器官。果糖是机体合成多种营养及能量物质的重要原料,可被高效转化为“三羧酸循环中间产物”如苹果酸、柠檬酸、酮戊二酸;或氨基酸,如谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、丙氨酸;及尿素循环代谢物,如鸟氨酸或瓜氨酸。此外,果糖的三碳代谢物“甘油醛”是三羧酸循环中间产物及甘油磷酸的主要来源。我们的研究发现,适量给以果糖时,可以增加小鼠肌肉的拉力,可以使由d-半乳糖导致的衰老小鼠的腓肠肌减少及重量减轻的症状得到缓解,提示了果糖对肌肉减少及重量减轻有一定的保护作用,这些作用与果糖进入肌肉后直接合成肌糖原,促进肌肉蛋白质的合成有关。辅酶Q10在运动时可以促进能量代谢,把肝糖原和肌糖原转化为ATP供应机体运动时的消耗,但是,当运动激烈或者时间过长,消耗能量过量时,及时补充辅酶Q10和果糖,对人体的体能消耗的补充是十分必要的,这种补充,对运动后的疲劳的恢复,也是十分必要的,因此,我们设计了以辅酶Q10和果糖为主要原料,再添加一些对运动有益的,可以作为食品添加剂的运动营养食品,组成本发明的辅酶Q10果糖营养食品系列。这些添加剂包括维生素C,肌酸。。。等。
维生素C作为营养素在运动员在比赛时提高成绩、延缓疲劳、避免运动损伤以及运动后机体的恢复有良好的效果。由于运动时特别是水溶性微量元素排尿和出汗的消耗增加.运动员日常膳食摄取微量元素达不到机体运动时所需求的量,所以额外补充一定量的微量元素是非常必要的。实验表明,运动的疲劳和自由基代谢有关,而维生素C能够清除自由基缓解机体疲劳。在高浓度的维生素C的情况下,还原性维生素C通过不断脱氢来消除02-和OH- 等自由基。在激烈的运动一段时间后,机体内有氧呼吸与无氧呼吸产生自由基、乳酸等废物会累积,致使机体疲劳和酸软。无氧呼吸产生的乳酸会加剧机体酸疼,自由基加速氧化不饱和脂肪酸的速率,破坏生物膜的完整性,致使细胞间信息传递和正常代谢功能紊乱,且运动中产生的过氧化物会加速细胞的死亡。其中特别是红细胞输送氧气功能被破坏,机体线粒体供氧不足,线粒体合成运动时的ATP减少,加速机体的疲劳,影响运动水平的发挥。维生素C的抗氧化功能,能够保护生物大分子和生物膜效应。而维生素C和维生素B联合应用,则抗疲劳作用更好,维生素B复合体进入体内被磷酸化与蛋白质结合成为一种调节氧化-还原过程的脱氢酶,脱氢酶是维持组织细胞呼吸的重要物质,可以共同帮助机体参与能量代谢,能增强肌肉的舒缩能力,减少运动疲劳。
牛磺酸是是一种含硫氨基酸,是人体条件性必需氨基酸,牛磺酸以游离状态广泛分布于生物体内各组织器官组织间液和细胞内液中。牛磺酸可减轻运动造成的脂质过氧化反应,促进提高机体抗氧化酶活力,保护细胞,延缓运动性疲劳。牛磺酸可以促进肌肉快速增长, 发挥生理作用的方式与胰岛素类似, 能够抑制肌蛋白的分解, 使肌肉变得更大、更强壮, 并且对维护膜结构的稳定、调节渗透平衡及防止细胞膜脂质过氧化反应方面具有较大作用。有研究者对大鼠进行力竭运动实验研究发现,牛磺酸可以提高机体乳酸脱氢酶的活力,肌糖原和肌糖原的含量,降低血乳酸含量,提高机体运动能力,从而起到抗运动性疲劳的作用。还有人研究发现复方牛磺酸制剂明显提高大鼠游泳运动至力竭时间,提高大鼠脑组织SOD活性,降低MDA含量,对延缓运动性疲劳有积极作用。还有研究发现牛磺酸能够提高运动员有氧耐力水平,增强机体抗氧化能力,增强糖的有氧代谢能力降低运动后乳酸堆积维持机体内环境稳定延缓疲劳的出现。
肌酸是速度力量类运动营养食品的必需添加成分,适用于短跑、跳高、举重、健美及力量机械等人群使用的运动营养食品。肌酸从1993年开始进入竞技体育界,1994年成为最流行的能力增强剂,能为肌肉进行快速、爆发动作提供能量补充,内源性肌酸在肝脏和肾脏中由精氨酸、蛋氨酸和甘氨酸合成,外源性肌酸可从食物的肉和内脏中获得,肌酸以磷酸肌酸的形式存储在肌肉中。近年来的研究发现,补充肌酸主要是为了增强短时间、高强度、反复运动时的运动能力,肌酸的增力机制包括:增加骨骼肌磷酸肌酸储存和磷酸肌酸再合成,减少肌肉损伤,减小对无氧糖酵解的依赖,降低乳酸产生。研究表明,短时间补充肌酸可以使磷酸肌酸的储存增加,磷酸肌酸向二磷酸腺苷(ADP)提供高能磷酸键,形成ATP,可维持高强度运动时的ATP水平并促进反复高强度运动的间歇期磷酸肌酸的再合成,因此,补充肌酸对短时间(小于30s)、间歇性、高强度、抗阻性运动有增力作用, 能够使肌肉的收缩能力以及单次冲刺能力增加。
发明内容
辅酶Q10可为运动员运动时心脏提供足够的动力,包括ATP和氧气,还能抗氧化,清除自由基,运动时补充辅酶Q10可为心肌提供充足氧气和ATP,预防突发性心脏病和心绞痛,保护心脏;但对超负荷的运动,能量消耗过大,ATP原料合成不足,就必须继续补充果糖,牛磺酸,肌酸等营养物质,才能保证能量的供应。本发明提出了一组以辅酶Q10与果糖为主要成分组成的运动能量含片,对各种运动过量导致的心率加速,肌肉疲劳,能量消耗过大的状态有很好的保护作用,果糖是心脏的最佳的能量补充剂,果糖代谢可以不经过胰岛素途径,直接进入心脏及肌肉补充体内的能量消耗,果糖还有预防龋齿的作用,经口服用可以加速辅酶Q10和果糖的透皮吸收,可以使辅酶Q10和果糖不经过血液循环及肝代谢,直接进入心脏血管,及时补充心脏的营养与能量的消耗。本发明还根据运动的不同阶段,设计了运动前速度型,运动中耐力型和运动后恢复型的三种运动配方,分别根据运动员运动时不同的状态添加不同的营养补充剂,为不同的人群提供不同的运动营养品。由于辅酶Q10和果糖的含片可为心脏提供动力,还能抗氧化,清除自由基,预防血管壁脂质过氧化,预防动脉粥样硬化,并且无任何毒副作用,本品可预防突发性心脏病和心绞痛,保护心脏; 长期服用辅酶Q10果糖含片可保持良好健康的状态,使机体充满活力,精力旺盛,脑力充沛。辅酶Q10与果糖组成的含片,对各种原因导致的心率加速,肌肉疲劳,能量消耗过大的状态有很好的保护作用,适用于由于运动量增加导致需要补充能量的运动员及各种人群,如健身或者户外运动爱好者、登山人群、减肥人群、运动人群、学生、熬夜人群等人群的保健及身体疲劳的康复。
具体实施方式:
本发明提出一组以辅酶Q10与果糖为主要成分的运动能量含片的产品的配方及生产工艺,如以下三种实施例,但是本发明的保护范围并不限于这些实施例,凡是不背离本发明构思的改变或等同替代均包括在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例一
辅酶Q10果糖运动能量含片速度型的配方及制备工艺:配方为辅酶Q10、果糖、肌酸、谷氨酰胺、β-羟基β-甲基丁酸钙,咖啡因、牛磺酸、维生素C组成;其制备工艺是按照常规的含片的制备工艺压片,使每100片含片中含有辅酶Q10 1~3g,果糖10~30g、肌酸0.1~0.3、谷氨酰胺0.3~1.5,β-羟基β-甲基丁酸钙0.1~0.3g,咖啡因1~2g、牛磺酸10~30g、维生素C 5~10g,即可。
实施例二
辅酶Q10果糖运动能量含片耐力型的配方及制备工艺:配方为辅酶Q10、果糖、左旋肉碱,黄芪提取液,维生素B1,维生素B2,维生素B6,葡萄糖醛酸内酯,牛磺酸组成;其制备工艺是按照常规的含片的制备工艺压片,使每100片含片中含有辅酶Q10 1~3g,果糖10~30g、左旋肉碱0.1~0.3、谷氨酰胺0.3~1.5、黄芪提取液5.0~10.0g,维生素B1 5~10g,维生素B2 5~10g,维生素B6 5~10g,葡萄糖醛酸内酯5~8g、牛磺酸10~20g,即可。
实施例三
辅酶Q10果糖运动能量含片运动后恢复型的配方及制备工艺:含片由辅酶Q10、果糖、左旋肉碱,人参甘草提取液,亮氨酸,缬氨酸,异亮氨酸,谷氨酰胺,牛磺酸组成;其制备工艺是按照常规的含片的制备工艺压片,使每100片含片中含有辅酶Q10 1~3g,果糖10~30g、左旋肉碱0.1~0.3、谷氨酰胺0.3~1.5、人参甘草提取液5.0~10.0g,亮氨酸1.5~3g,缬氨酸0.75~1.5g,异亮氨酸0.75~1.5g,牛磺酸10~20g,即可。
上述实施例制备的辅酶Q10果糖运动能量含片,经小鼠运动试验及游泳耐力等动物实验的评价,均取得较好的结果,由于该含片的全部成分均为食用原料,均可作为食品应用,许多志愿者服用后均感觉到本产品具有口味清甜,味道浓郁,可使运动量增加,疲劳减少,精神感觉良好,运动后服用,可以促进疲劳的恢复。关于本产品的进一步观察还在进行中。实践初步表明,本产品供能迅速,甜度适中,口感良好,营养丰富,非常适合运动员补充能量及运动后恢复体力,也适合普通人群的健身,或者户外运动爱好者、减肥人群、高品质生活人群、保健人群、熬夜人群、低糖饮食爱好者食用的休闲食品,也可作为野外及户外运动的运动员食品,以及救援、军事训练的人群补充能量的特殊用途。
Claims (4)
1.辅酶Q10和果糖在制备补充运动能量的含片中的应用。
2.如权利要求书所述1的辅酶Q10和果糖在制备补充运动能量的含片中的应用,其特征是其速度型含片由辅酶Q10、果糖、肌酸、谷氨酰胺、β-羟基β-甲基丁酸钙,咖啡因、牛磺酸、维生素C组成;其制备工艺是按照常规的含片的制备工艺压片,使每100片含片中含有辅酶Q101~3g,果糖10~30g、肌酸0.1~0.3、谷氨酰胺0.3~1.5,β-羟基β-甲基丁酸钙0.1~0.3g,咖啡因1~2g、牛磺酸10~30g、维生素C 5~10g,即可。
3.如权利要求书所述1的辅酶Q10和果糖在制备补充运动能量的含片中的应用,其特征是其耐力型含片由辅酶Q10、果糖、左旋肉碱,黄芪提取液,维生素B1,维生素B2,维生素B6,葡萄糖醛酸内酯,牛磺酸组成;其制备工艺是按照常规的含片的制备工艺压片,使每100片含片中含有辅酶Q10 1~3g,果糖10~30g、左旋肉碱0.1~0.3、谷氨酰胺0.3~1.5、黄芪提取液5.0~10.0g,维生素B1 5~10g,维生素B2 5~10g,维生素B6 5~10g,葡萄糖醛酸内酯5~8g、牛磺酸10~20g,即可。
4.如权利要求书所述1的辅酶Q10和果糖在制备补充运动能量的含片中的应用,其特征是其运动后恢复型含片由辅酶Q10、果糖、左旋肉碱,人参甘草提取液,亮氨酸,缬氨酸,异亮氨酸,谷氨酰胺,牛磺酸组成;其制备工艺是按照常规的含片的制备工艺压片,使每100片含片中含有辅酶Q10 1~3g,果糖10~30g、左旋肉碱0.1~0.3、谷氨酰胺0.3~1.5、人参甘草提取液5.0~10.0g,亮氨酸1.5~3g,缬氨酸0.75~1.5g,异亮氨酸0.75~1.5g,牛磺酸10~20g,即可。
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