CN110699851B - 尿布表层用无纺布 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了尿布表层用无纺布，由自上而下的亲肤无纺布层、导液无纺布层与亲水无纺布层依次叠加而成，导液无纺布层上均匀设置若干组导流槽，导流槽为上穿下不通的半封闭式沟槽；亲水无纺布层的底部设有若干组外凸体，外凸体由亲水无纺布层通过热轧形成的轧点；亲肤无纺布层、导液无纺布层均经过高温振荡开纤处理。本发明采用多层无纺布复合的结构，并将亲肤无纺布层、导液无纺布层进行高温振荡开纤处理，使得其纤维间距增加，增加透水率和透气率，同时优化导液无纺布层的导流性能和亲水无纺布层的防渗性能，进而优化整体的透水性、透气性、防回渗性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于婴幼儿卫生技术领域，具体涉及尿布表层用无纺布。
背景技术
尿布表层是直接与婴幼儿皮肤直接接触的面层，其是排泄物吸收过程的开始，无纺布是将纺织短纤维或者长丝进行定向或随机排列形成纤网结构，然后采用机械、热粘或化学等方法加固而成，其具有不产生纤维屑、强韧、耐用、透气、透水、柔软、成本低等优点，无纺布常作为尿布表层使用。
对于尿布表层，衡量其质量的指标主要体现在以下几点：透水性、透气性、回渗量，尿布表层主要起到将尿液引导向吸收芯层的作用，其透水量要求远远大于吸液量；由于尿布表层直接与肌肤接触，透气性是影响舒适性、使用者健康因素；回渗量是指收到外力或使用时间过长而发生反渗的液体量。尿布是婴幼儿大量使用的一次性用品，所以需要一种具有透水性与透气性好但不易回渗的无纺布作为尿布表层使用。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的不足与难题，本发明旨在提供一种尿布表层用无纺布。
本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现：
尿布表层用无纺布，由自上而下的亲肤无纺布层、导液无纺布层与亲水无纺布层依次叠加而成，导液无纺布层上均匀设置若干组导流槽，导流槽为上穿下不通的半封闭式沟槽；亲水无纺布层的底部设有若干组外凸体，外凸体由亲水无纺布层通过热轧形成的轧点；亲肤无纺布层、导液无纺布层均经过高温振荡开纤处理，其开纤处理步骤包括：
(1)将亲肤无纺布层、导液无纺布层的无纺布置于振荡器内进行振荡，并在振荡器内加入开纤剂溶液，振荡过程中温度先经过10～15min从20～30℃升到60～80℃，再在60～80℃恒温条件下持续15～30min；
(2)将上述步骤(1)处理后的无纺布进行恒温洗涤，在50～80℃恒温下用清水进行清洗直至中性；
(3)将上述步骤(2)清洗干净的无纺布浸于医用抗菌液中并进行振荡处理，振荡时间为1～3min，振荡温度为40～60℃；
(4)将上述步骤(3)处理后的无纺布表面用流动水清洗，并烘干。
进一步地，导流槽沿着导液无纺布层平铺面为波浪形。
进一步地，导流槽沿着导液无纺布层切面为上宽下窄的锥形结构。
进一步地，步骤(1)与步骤(3)中的振荡均采用超声波振荡。
进一步地，导液无纺布层数量为两层以上，相邻的导液无纺布层上的导流槽为相互交错分布。
进一步地，亲肤无纺布层与亲水无纺布层的厚度均不高于1mm。
进一步地，导流槽的深度不小于导液无纺布层厚度的1/2。
与现有技术相比，本发明有益效果包括：
(1)本发明采用多层无纺布复合的结构，并将亲肤无纺布层、导液无纺布层进行高温振荡开纤处理，使得其纤维间距增加，增加透水率和透气率，同时优化导液无纺布层的导流性能和亲水无纺布层的防渗性能，进而优化整体的透水性、透气性、防回渗性。
(2)本发明对亲肤无纺布层、导液无纺布层进行高温振荡开纤处理，使得其内部纤维成为超细纤维，具有更多的微细孔隙，增加了纤维毛细管，使得透水性、透气性更好，同时使得纤维结构更紧密可进一步防止回渗。
(3)本发明在导液无纺布层设置波浪形的导流槽，增加了液体接触面积，并起到导流均匀效果，增加液体渗透速度，同时导流槽使得导液无纺布层的结构更加曲折迂回，能够阻碍液体上升，从而降低回渗量。
(4)本发明在开纤同时进行抗菌处理，使得医用抗菌液渗入纤维中，提高其抗菌效果。
(5)本发明使得亲水无纺布层与吸收芯层直接基础面呈凸面，当液体经由表层导流到吸收芯层上时，若因外力作用液体向上回渗时，热轧形成外凸体一方面更加紧实、厚度更大，另一方面外凸的立体结构，阻止了液体回渗。
(6)本发明开纤处理中的振荡采用超声波振荡，其开纤效果明显且不损伤无纺布的纤维。
附图说明
图1为本发明分层的结构示意图。
图2为本发明中导液无纺布层俯视结构示意图。
图示说明：1-亲肤无纺布层，2-导液无纺布层，3-外凸体，4-亲水无纺布层，5-导流槽。
在本发明的描述中，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接、可拆卸连接、一体地连接；可以是机械连接、电连接；可以是直接相连、中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明作进一步地说明。
实施例一
如图1所示，尿布表层用无纺布，由自上而下的亲肤无纺布层1、导液无纺布层2与亲水无纺布层4依次叠加而成，其中，亲肤无纺布层1为直接与肌肤接触的表层，，导液无纺布层2为快速地将尿液向下引导的面层同时还阻止回渗，亲水无纺布层4为直接与吸收芯层(是指尿布中吸收尿液的芯层)接触的面层，其是由常规无纺布生产工序中加入亲水剂，或者在纤维生产的过程中加亲水剂在纤维上然后生产无纺布，亲水无纺布层4为导流层。亲肤无纺布层1与亲水无纺布层4的厚度均不高于1mm，亲肤无纺布层1的厚度限制是保证其透气性，亲水无纺布层4的厚度限制是保证其渗透性。
透水性、透气性、防回渗性指标与无纺布自身结构有关，如无纺布网孔的孔径、纤维比表面积、纤维间距等，但是，透水性与透气性、防回渗性对结构性能的要求不一致，如透水性与透气性均要求大孔径，而防回渗性要求小孔径，将尿布表层用无纺布采用多层复合的无纺布，优化各层性能，进而优化整体的透水性、透气性、防回渗性能。
如图2所示，导液无纺布层2上均匀设置若干组导流槽5，导流槽5为上穿下不通的半封闭式沟槽，导流槽5的深度不小于导液无纺布层2厚度的1/2，以保证其导流引导效果。导流槽5沿着导液无纺布层2平铺面为波浪形保证其有效面积和范围，导流槽5沿着导液无纺布层2切面为上宽下窄的锥形结构，有利于导流同时减少回流，导流槽5增加了液体接触面积，并起到导流均匀效果，增加液体渗透速度，同时导流槽5使得导液无纺布层2的结构更加曲折迂回，能够阻碍液体上升，从而降低回渗量。
亲肤无纺布层1与导液无纺布层2进行开纤处理，使得其纤维间距增加，增加透水率和透气率，具体开纤处理步骤为：
(1)将无纺布浸没在置于振荡器内的6g/l的NaOH溶液内，进行振荡，经过10min从室内常温温度升到60℃，再在60℃恒温条件下持续30min，使得其内部纤维成为超细纤维，具有更多的微细孔隙，增加了纤维毛细管，使得透水性、透气性更好，同时使得纤维结构更紧密可进一步防止回渗；
(2)将上述步骤(1)处理后的无纺布进行恒温洗涤，在50℃恒温下用清水进行清洗直至中性；
(3)将步骤(2)清洗干净的无纺布浸于医用抗菌液中并进行振荡处理，振荡时间为1min，振荡温度为40℃，在开纤同时进行抗菌处理，使得医用抗菌液渗入纤维中，优化其抗菌效果，上述医用抗菌液为本领域允许使用的抗菌液体；
(4)将上述步骤(3)处理后的无纺布表面用流动水快速清洗，保证其表面干净，并烘干。
实施例二
如图1所示，尿布表层用无纺布，由自上而下的亲肤无纺布层1、两层导液无纺布层2与亲水无纺布层4依次叠加而成，亲肤无纺布层1与亲水无纺布层4的厚度均不高于0.8m。
亲肤无纺布层1与导液无纺布层2进行开纤处理，使得其纤维间距增加，增加透水率和透气率，具体开纤处理步骤为：
(1)将无纺布浸没在置于超声波振荡器内的8g/l的NaOH溶液内，进行超声波振荡，振荡过程其内部经过12min从室内常温温度升到65℃，再在65℃恒温条件下持续28min；
(2)将上述步骤(1)处理后的无纺布进行恒温洗涤，在60℃恒温下用清水进行清洗直至中性；
(3)将步骤(2)清洗干净的无纺布浸于医用抗菌液中并进行振荡处理，振荡时间为1.5min，振荡温度为50℃；
(4)将上述步骤(3)处理后的无纺布表面用流动水快速清洗，并烘干。
如图2所示，导液无纺布层2上均匀设置若干组导流槽5，导流槽5为上穿下不通的半封闭式沟槽，导流槽5的深度不小于导液无纺布层2厚度的1/2，导流槽5沿着导液无纺布层2平铺面为波浪形、沿着导液无纺布层2切面为上宽下窄的锥形结构，相邻的导液无纺布层2上的导流槽5为相互交错分布。
如图1所示，亲水无纺布层4的底部设有若干组外凸体3，外凸体3由亲水无纺布层4通过热轧形成的轧点。
实施例三
如图1所示，尿布表层用无纺布，由自上而下的亲肤无纺布层1、三层导液无纺布层2与亲水无纺布层4依次叠加而成，亲肤无纺布层1与亲水无纺布层4的厚度均不高于0.5m。
亲肤无纺布层1与导液无纺布层2进行开纤处理，使得其纤维间距增加，增加透水率和透气率，具体开纤处理步骤为：
(1)将无纺布浸没在置于超声波振荡器内的10g/l的NaOH溶液内，进行超声波振荡，振荡过程其内部经过15min从室内常温温度升到80℃，再在80℃恒温条件下持续25min；
(2)将上述步骤(1)处理后的无纺布进行恒温洗涤，在80℃恒温下用清水进行清洗直至中性；
(3)将步骤(2)清洗干净的无纺布浸于医用抗菌液中并进行振荡处理，振荡时间为3min，振荡温度为60℃；
(4)将上述步骤(3)处理后的无纺布表面用流动水快速清洗，并烘干。
如图2所示，导液无纺布层2上均匀设置若干组导流槽5，导流槽5为上穿下不通的半封闭式沟槽，导流槽5的深度不小于导液无纺布层2厚度的1/2，导流槽5沿着导液无纺布层2平铺面为波浪形、沿着导液无纺布层2切面为上宽下窄的锥形结构，相邻的导液无纺布层2上的导流槽5为相互交错分布。
如图1所示，亲水无纺布层4的底部设有若干组外凸体3，外凸体3由亲水无纺布层4通过热轧形成的轧点。
本发明亲肤无纺布层1与导液无纺布层2进行开纤处理的步骤(1)中最高温度采用60～80℃的原因在于，通过大量实验检测发现，60℃以上高温有利于提高开纤效果与效率，但是大多无纺布纤维的玻璃化温度为80～90℃，过高温度容易引起无纺布的纤维变形。利用土工布垂直渗透仪对开纤处理的亲肤无纺布层1与导液无纺布层2的透水性进行测试，利用织物透气仪对对开纤处理的亲肤无纺布层1与导液无纺布层2的透气性进行测试，经检测其透水率均高于8500mL/min，其透气滤均高于7500mm/s。亲水无纺布层4是直接与吸收芯层接触的，同时也是作为防止回渗的屏障，所以其不进行开纤处理。
以上所述仅表达了本发明的优选实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形、改进及替代，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (7)
1.尿布表层用无纺布，其特征在于：该尿布表层用无纺布由自上而下的亲肤无纺布层、导液无纺布层与亲水无纺布层依次叠加而成，所述导液无纺布层上均匀设置若干组导流槽，所述导流槽为上穿下不通的半封闭式沟槽；所述亲水无纺布层的底部设有若干组外凸体，所述外凸体为亲水无纺布层通过热轧形成的轧点；所述亲肤无纺布层、所述导液无纺布层均经过高温振荡开纤处理，其开纤处理步骤包括：
(1)将所述亲肤无纺布层、所述导液无纺布层的无纺布置于振荡器内进行振荡，并在所述振荡器内加入开纤剂溶液，振荡过程中温度先经过10～15min从20～30℃升到60～80℃，再在60～80℃恒温条件下持续15～30min；
(2)将上述步骤(1)处理后的无纺布进行恒温洗涤，在50～80℃恒温下用清水进行清洗直至中性；
(3)将上述步骤(2)清洗干净的无纺布浸于医用抗菌液中并进行振荡处理，振荡时间为1～3min，振荡温度为40～60℃；
(4)将上述步骤(3)处理后的无纺布表面用流动水清洗，并烘干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的尿布表层用无纺布，其特征在于：所述导流槽沿着所述导液无纺布层平铺面为波浪形。
3.根据权利要求1或2任意一项所述的尿布表层用无纺布，其特征在于：所述导流槽沿着所述导液无纺布层切面为上宽下窄的锥形结构。
4.根据权利要求1所述的尿布表层用无纺布，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)与所述步骤(3)中的振荡均采用超声波振荡。
5.根据权利要求1所述的尿布表层用无纺布，其特征在于：所述导液无纺布层数量为两层以上，相邻的所述导液无纺布层上的所述导流槽为相互交错分布。
6.根据权利要求1所述的尿布表层用无纺布，其特征在于：所述亲肤无纺布层与所述亲水无纺布层的厚度均不高于1mm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的尿布表层用无纺布，其特征在于：所述导流槽的深度不小于所述导液无纺布层厚度的1/2。
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