CN1201711C - 吸收制品用的具有空隙的收集分布层 - Google Patents
吸收制品用的具有空隙的收集分布层 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1201711C CN1201711C CNB018181112A CN01818111A CN1201711C CN 1201711 C CN1201711 C CN 1201711C CN B018181112 A CNB018181112 A CN B018181112A CN 01818111 A CN01818111 A CN 01818111A CN 1201711 C CN1201711 C CN 1201711C
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- absorbent article
- apertured film
- void space
- dimensional apertured
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Abstract
吸收制品具有覆盖片和吸收芯材料。在所述覆盖片和吸收芯材料之间放置收集分布层。收集分布层由三维有孔薄膜制成,薄膜邻近吸收芯材料形成空隙大的空隙。收集分布层提供用于在重复排泄过程中侧漏的大空隙,因为和使用者接触的覆盖片与不能被饱和芯材料吸收的分散液体有一定距离。空隙空间提供未被吸收的液体在饱和芯区域上表面流过进入吸收芯材料不饱和区域的路径。空隙空间能让液体的这种转移发生,而液体也不会和覆盖片接触,由此避免穿用者产生潮湿的感觉。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及如尿布、失禁制品、卫生巾等吸收制品。具体地说,本发明涉及具有覆盖片(topsheet)和薄膜收集分布层的吸收制品,所述收集分布层具有空隙空间。
背景技术
人们熟知各种用于吸收体液的吸收制品。吸收制品的例子包括尿布、失禁制品和卫生巾。
已知吸收制品的一个问题就是污物的泄漏,这会弄脏衣物,如短裤、衬衫和被褥。提高液体进入吸收芯的速度,可以降低穿用者经受的泄漏量。因此,液体能迅速渗透覆盖片并留在吸收芯中的吸收制品比液体在渗入吸收芯之前在覆盖片表面上流过的吸收制品,将出现较少的泄漏。因此,降低流失(run-offreduction)就是减小吸收制品泄漏的量。
吸收制品的另一个问题是接触皮肤的制品表面的干燥程度问题。一般来说,接触皮肤的表面越干燥,吸收制品就越使人感到舒适。在一次性尿布结构中已经作了试验来降低表面的潮湿程度。例如,美国专利No.3,945,386(1976年5月23日授权给Anczurowski)和美国专利No.3,965,906和3,994,299(分别于1976年1月29日和1976年11月30日授权给Karami)讲述了具有夹在覆盖片和吸收芯之间的有孔热塑性薄膜的尿布结构。美国专利No.4,324,247(于1982年4月13日授权给Aziz)谈到既降低流失又降低吸收制品表面潮湿程度的努力。
除了接触皮肤表面的干燥程度外,接触皮肤表面的质感也是需要考虑的重要事项。有些消费者不喜欢形成薄膜的那种塑料感觉就是一个问题。已经作出了许多努力来改善吸收制品表面的质感。在美国专利No.3,967,623(Butterworth等)中提供了一个例子。Butterworth的专利提到具有由有孔热塑织物制得的贴面片的吸收衬垫,所述织物具有完整的纤维状或者磨绒的外表面。
一般吸收制品,尤其是成人用失禁尿布存在另一问题。当穿用者再次或多次排尿,以致未被吸收的液体横向流过覆盖片从饱和芯材料区域向不饱和芯材料区域流动进行吸收时,就能显出潮湿的感觉。这种感觉很不舒服,令人不快。
但是在上述多数参考文献中所述的产品在获得良好的所有三种所需性能(降低表面流失、提高防止感觉到覆盖片潮湿的能力以及改善质感)的结合方面并不太理想。
发明概述
本发明涉及具有覆盖片和吸收芯材料的吸收制品。在所述覆盖片和吸收芯材料之间存在收集分布层。所述收集分布层由有些孔的三维成形薄膜制成,收集分布层具有面向身体的面即阴面和面向衣服的面即阳面。在本发明中,所述收集分布层形成大的空隙空间。所述下面的大的空隙空间提供未被吸收的液体在不接触覆盖片的条件下在饱和芯区域的顶部平面上流过并流向芯材料新的不饱和区域用的空间,由此避免使用者产生潮湿的感觉。未被吸收的液体是因重复排泄到吸收芯的饱和区域引起的。在另一实施方式中,所述收集分布层具有至少一个朝阴面上更高平面伸出的突起的脊。所述突起的脊沿纵向延伸,用来引导未被吸收的液体,使其主要沿吸收装置的纵向流动,防止产生侧漏。在另一实施方式中,第一三维有孔薄膜56和第二三维有孔薄膜76形成具有更大的供未被吸收液体流动的空隙空间,并在容纳液体的区域和覆盖片之间提供更大的空间隔离。在另一实施方式中,收集分布层具有大的厚度,形成较深的隔室或桶状孔。当重复排泄液传输到饱和的芯区域时,排泄区域的一个或许多桶状孔被充满。随后的排泄液将使液体溢流到邻近的桶状孔中。这种溢流行为将排泄液体分布在芯材料更大的区域上,使液体可以被不饱和芯材料吸收。
附图说明
图1是本发明使用收集分布层的吸收制品的透视图。
图2是图1吸收制品沿线2-2的截面示意图,其中所述收集分布层是已有技术中的类型。
图3是图2已有技术的收集分布层的截面放大图。
图4是在图1所示吸收制品中用作收集分布层的本发明第一个实施方式的三维有孔薄膜的平面图。
图5是图1所示吸收制品沿图1线2-2的截面图,其中所示收集分布层是图4所示三维有孔薄膜沿图4线5-5的截面图。
图6是在图1所示吸收制品中用作收集分布层的本发明第二个实施方式的三维有孔薄膜的平面图。
图7是图1所示吸收制品沿图1线2-2的截面图,其中所示收集分布层是图6所示三维有孔薄膜沿图6线7-7的截面图。
图8是在图1所示吸收制品中用作收集分布层的本发明第三个实施方式的三维有孔薄膜的平面图。
图9是图1所示吸收制品沿图1线2-2的截面图,其中所示收集分布层是图8所示三维有孔薄膜沿图8线9-9的截面图。
图10是使用图8和9所示三维有孔薄膜的一次性尿布的平面图。
图11是图1所示吸收制品的截面图,其中所示收集分布层是本发明第四个实施方式所示的多层有孔薄膜。
图12是图1所示吸收制品的截面图,其中所示收集分布层是本发明第五个实施方式所示的多层有孔薄膜。
图13是用来测试图1-12所示各种实施方式的吸收制品的液体收集装置的示意图。
图14是表1中显示图1-12所示各种吸收样品的总液体溢出量和厚度倒数的数据的表示图。
图15是为比较样品空隙空间,样品2和样品4放大50倍时的平面图。
图16是为比较样品空隙空间,样品2和样品4放大50倍时的截面图。
发明的详细说明
本发明涉及具有三维有孔薄膜收集分布层的吸收制品。吸收制品的例子包括尿布、失禁制品、卫生巾以类似制品。
对本申请来说,术语“吸收制品”是指吸收并容纳身体分泌液的制品。更具体地说,该术语是指紧贴或接近穿用者身体的,用来吸收并容纳各种从身体排出的分泌液的制品。本文所用的术语“吸收制品”是用来包括尿布、失禁制品、卫生巾、月经垫以及其它用来吸收身体分泌液的制品。
术语“尿布”是指婴儿和失禁患者穿用的服装,它们通常置于两腿之间并系在穿用者的腰上。已有技术的尿布例子包括重新授权的美国专利No.26,152(于1967年1月31日授权给Duncan等)、美国专利No.3,860,003(于1975年1月14日授权给Buell)、美国专利No.4,610,678(于1986年9月9日授权给Weisman等)、美国专利No.4,673,402(于1987年1月16日授权给Weisman等)、美国专利No.4,695,278(于1987年9月22授权给Lawson)、美国专利No.4,704,115(于1975年11月3日授权给Buell)、美国专利No.4,834,735(于1989年5月30日授权给Alemany等)、美国专利No.4,888,231(于1989年12月19日授权给Angstadt)、美国专利No.4,909,803(于1990年5月20日授权给Aziz等)中所述的尿布。
术语“失禁制品”是指衬垫、内衣,例如,成人或其它失禁患者使用的由悬挂系统如带子或其它装置固定在位的衬垫、吸收制品嵌入物、吸收制品增容物(capacity booster)、贴身短裤、床垫以及类似的装置。失禁装置的例子包括在美国专利No.4,253,761(于1981年3月3日授权给Strickland等)、美国专利Nos.4,597,760和4,597,761(Buell)、上述美国专利Nos.4,704,115和4,909,802(Ahr等)、美国专利申请号Nos.07/637,09007/637,571(于1991年1月3日授权给Noel等和Feist等)中公开的那些。
术语“卫生巾”是指穿戴在女性阴部区域、用来吸收和容纳各种从身体排出的分泌物例如血、经血和尿的制品。在美国专利No.4,285,343(于1981年8月25日授权给McNair)、美国专利Nos.4,589,876和4,687,478(分别于1986年5月20日和1987年8月18日授权给Van Tilburg)、美国专利Nos.4,917,697和5,007,906(分别于1990年4月17日和1991年4月16日授权给Osborn等)、美国专利Nos.4,950,264和5,009,653(分别于1990年8月21日和1991年4月23日授权给Osborn)、以及于1990年10月29日以Visscher等人的名义提交的美国专利申请No.07/605,583中公开了卫生巾的一些例子。
术语“月经垫”是指通常在妇女月经期使用的、其膨松性比卫生巾差的吸收制品。在名为“月经垫”的美国专利No.4,738,676(于1988年4月19日授权给Osborn)中公开了月经垫的例子。
由此授权的所有专利、专利申请和其它专利的公开,以及任何相应公布的外国专利申请和本申请所提到的出版物都参考结合于此。但是决非明显地承认,参考结合于此的任何文献讲述或公开了本发明。也决非明显地承认,本文所述的任何市售材料或产品讲述或公开了本发明。
现在试看图1,该图是一般吸收制品10的简化图。但是应理解,图1仅用于举例的目的,不应用来限制具体的类型或吸收制品结构。如图2所示,吸收制品10基本上包括覆盖片12、后罩片14、收集分布层15和吸收芯16。吸收芯16具有面向上部即通向身体的面17。
吸收制品10具有两个表面,接触身体的表面或简称身体表面18和接触衣服的表面或简称衣服表面20。身体表面18要穿在穿戴者身体上。当穿戴上吸收制品10时,吸收制品10的衣服表面20(图2)在相背的一面上,并且是要置于靠着穿戴者的内衣或衣服。
吸收制品10具有两条中线,纵向中线22(图1)和横向中线24(图1)。吸收制品10具有两条相互隔开的纵向边缘26和两条相互隔开的横向边缘或称末端边缘例如末端28,这些边缘合在一起构形成了吸收制品10的外缘30。
现在将更加详细地观察吸收制品10的各个部件。覆盖片12应舒适,感觉柔软,且对穿戴者的皮肤没有刺激性。而且,覆盖片12可渗透液体,可让液体容易地透过其厚度。覆盖片12具有面向衣服的面32(图2)和面向身体的面34(图2)、两条纵向边缘或称侧边缘36和两条末端边缘38(图1)。吸收芯16具有面向顶部或身体的面17。在本申请的其余部分,对本发明所有实施方式,类似的组件共用相同的数字,例如,“覆盖片”在各个实施方式中都标以数字12。
覆盖片12宜由非织造织物或者真空形成的薄膜层制成。覆盖片12可以粘结于收集分布层15(图2),但在优选实施方式中,覆盖片12并不粘结在收集分布层15上,而是平铺和收集分布层15接触。图3的吸收制品使用三维开孔塑料膜44作为防重新变湿(或者防芯吸)的薄层。三维有孔塑料薄膜44具有面向身体的面或称阴面46和面向衣服的面或称阳面48。覆盖片12面向衣服的面34宜和开孔塑料膜44的阴面46紧密接触。以下将详细讨论覆盖片12和收集分布层15。
覆盖片12可以是能渗透液体的任何非织造织布。合适的非织造织布可以由各种包括天然纤维(例如木质纤维或棉纤维)、合成纤维(例如聚酯、聚丙烯)或者它们的混合物制成。覆盖片12宜由选自聚丙烯、聚酯、聚乙烯、聚乙烯醇、淀粉基树脂、聚氨酯、纤维素和纤维素酯的纤维制成。
可以使用各种制造技术来制造覆盖片12用的非织造织布。例如,非织造织布可以用树脂粘合、针刺、纺粘或者粗梳等法制成。粗梳非织造织布可以是热粘结的,空气穿透(air-thru)粘结的、射流喷网法织布。优选的非织造织布是热粘结聚丙烯织布。
一般的覆盖片12是具有热粘结位点图案的非织造织布。非织造织布的一个实施例是粗纺梳热点粘结聚丙烯织物。这种织布的热粘结位点的排列在平面图中一般呈矩形。这些粘结位点一般排列成交错的列。另一典型非织造织物是具有类似排列热粘结位点的纺粘聚丙烯织网。再一典型非织造织布是根据美国专利No.4,781,710(Megison等)中讲述的方法进行压花的粗梳聚丙烯织物。这种非织造织布是有在平面图上呈菱形的压花和热粘结的区域。所述菱形排列的粘结位点相互间隔并排列成菱形的栅格,如Megison等人专利中的图1和2所示。但是,压花通常不达到下面的芯子。
收集分布层15宜为具有锥形毛细管的多孔热塑薄膜,其溢出百分数小于约10%,且通过锥形毛细管的液体流量增大。制造这种薄膜的方法包括在分别名为“有孔薄膜”和“有孔薄膜处理”的美国专利Nos.4,535,020和4,456,570(Thomas等)中讲述的两折表面处理。美国专利Nos.4,535,020和4,456,570都参考结合于此。该方法指出向形成薄膜的聚烯烃树脂中加入内部化学添加剂,即表面活性剂,就是一种表面处理。在由树脂形成表面之前,将添加剂和树脂组合或者以其他方式混合。当薄膜形成之后,对薄膜进行电晕放电处理这样另一种表面处理,该电晕放电处理对化学添加剂发生作用,提供具有0%或者接近0%的溢出百分数的有孔薄膜。
所述表面活性剂使聚烯烃薄膜的表面具有更大的可极化性。更大的表面极性产生更高的可润湿性。虽然经化学处理的薄膜比未处理薄膜极性较大,但薄膜的电晕放电处理本身提供了所需最大的可润湿性。任何能获得这种极性并转移到薄膜表面的表面活性剂都可以用于本发明。
现在试看图3,有孔塑料薄膜44通常位于覆盖片12和吸收芯16之间。如图3所示,有孔塑料薄膜44是具有许多锥形毛细管50的三维结构,各毛细管具有基口部分52和顶口部分54。顶口部分54和吸收芯16紧密接触。此外,薄膜44的阳面48的大部分表面区域和芯16接触。
有孔塑料薄膜44通常由不渗透液体的热塑材料制成。一种合适的材料是厚度为0.001-0.002英寸(0.0025-0.0051厘米)的低密度聚乙烯薄膜。用来制造典型有孔塑料薄膜44的热塑材料选自聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、淀粉基树脂、聚乙烯醇、聚氨酯、聚己酸内酯和纤维素酯或者它们的混合物。
在一个典型实施方式中,使用的塑料材料具有按美国专利No.3,939,135(于1975年12月30日授权给Thompson)中所述的方式、尺寸、结构和取向的诸多锥形毛细管50。在美国专利No.4,324,246(于1982年4月13日授权给Mullane等)、美国专利No.4,342,314(于1982年8月3日授权给Radel等)和美国专利No.4,463,045(于1984年1月31日授权给Radel等)中,公开了其它典型的有孔塑料薄膜。有孔塑料薄膜44也可以是其它类型的非热塑的有孔塑料薄膜。所用的薄膜类型取决于薄膜和非织造组件在覆盖片12制造过程中经受的加工类型。当覆盖片12和收集分布层15即薄膜44通过熔化整体形成复合结构时,通常使用热塑薄膜。其它类型的有孔薄膜,包括但不限于液压成形的薄膜。在以下美国专利中至少有一些专利讲述了液压成形薄膜:授权给Curro等的美国专利Nos.4,609,518、4,629,643、4,695,422、4,772,444、4,778,644和4,839,216以及授权给Ouellette等的美国专利No.4,637,819。
通常,覆盖片12的非织造织布和开孔塑料膜44面对面地放置。这两个组件可以固定或不固定。若固定的话,这两个组件可以通过各种方法相互固定。固定非织造织布和有孔薄膜44的典型方法,包括但不限于采用胶粘剂、包括热粘结和/或压力粘结的熔化、超声波和动力机械粘结。
胶粘剂可以以均匀连续层、构成图案的层或者隔开的线、螺旋、小珠或点的列阵的方式施加。胶粘剂接合通常是例如在美国专利No.4,573,986(于1986年3月4日授权给Minetola等)中所公开的胶粘剂细丝的敞开图案网络,或者如美国专利No.3,911,173(于1975年10月7日授权给Sprague,Jr.)、美国专利No.4,785,996(于1978年11月22日授权给Zieker等)和美国专利No.4,842,666(于1989年1月27日授权给Werenicz等)所示的装置和方法所形成的若干条胶粘剂细丝卷成螺旋形式样的敞开图案网络。在美国专利No.4,854,984(于1989年8月8日授权给Ball等)中说明了所用的另一种热/压粘结方法。
覆盖片12的非织造织布和有孔塑料薄膜44也可以间接固定。例如,非织造织布和有孔薄膜44可以固定到位于非织造织布和有孔塑料薄膜44之间的气垫薄层或者疏水材料层或者穿过该层而固定之。通常,使用表面活性剂如以下更加详细说明的来处理这种附加的一层或多层。
覆盖片12的非织造织布和有孔塑料薄膜44还可以如美国专利4,995,930(Merz等)所述,整体地形成为一复合结构体。本文所用的术语“复合”、“复合结构体”或者“复合物”是指非织造织布的一部分延伸到薄膜44中以及反之的相互关系,致使这两部分整体地复合在一起。
现在试看图4和5,本发明改进的吸收制品的第一实施方式使用收集分布层42,它由具有六角形图案的三维有孔薄膜56制成。虽然使用六角形图案是便于说明,但是应理解其它图案也可以用于本文所述的任何薄膜。其它图案的例子包括圆形、卵形、椭圆形、多边形或其它合适的图案或者图案的混合。所述六角形图案形成许多相邻的六边形或蜂窝58。在此优选的实施方式中,所述六角形图案是基于8.75目的,“目”是指在一英寸长度上蜂窝58的数目。虽然优选目数为8.75,可以使用2-25目,宜为4-15目。各隔室58中应有一个孔60,该孔直径较大,例如为59密耳,足以让污液到达时即能尽快地流过三维有孔薄膜56。
具体试看图5,该图显示了图4的薄膜56沿中线5-5的截面放大图,三维有孔薄膜56具有面向身体的面即阴面62和面向衣服的面即阳面64。覆盖片12面向衣服的面34应和有孔塑料薄膜56的阴面62保持紧密接触。覆盖片12宜和薄膜56保持接触,但不粘结在薄膜56上。
如图5所示,薄膜56位于覆盖片12和吸收芯16之间。有孔塑料薄膜56是具有许多毛细管66的三维结构,各毛细管具有基口68和顶口70。毛细管66的顶口70和吸收芯16紧密接触,且顶口70宜附着在芯16上,确保这种紧密的接触。也应注意到基本上只有毛细管66的顶口70和芯16紧密接触,由此确保提供用于侧漏的空隙74基本保持不受妨碍。在有孔塑料薄膜56的阴面62上相邻的孔60之间形成平台区域72。在有孔塑料薄膜56的阳面64上形成空隙空间74(图5),提供各隔室58之间的液体通道。空隙空间74与顶口空隙70之比为2∶1。三维有孔薄膜56具有个隔层(loft)75,即阴面62的表面和阳面64上平坦表面之间的距离,约为0.031-0.125英寸,更好是为0.045-0.100英寸,最好是为0.050英寸。薄膜56所用的热塑材料,其密度宜为0.919-0.960克/毫升,更优选为0.930-0.950克/毫升。典型材料的一般熔体指数宜为0.10-8.50,更优选约为1.5-4.5。
现在试看图6和7,本发明改进的吸收制品第二实施方式使用由三维有孔薄膜76制成的呈六角形图案的收集分布层15。虽然本文讨论六角形图案,但是应理解其它图案也可以使用。其它图案的例子包括圆形、卵形、椭圆形、多边形或其它合适的图案或者图案的混合。所述六角形图案形成许多相邻的六边形或隔室78。在此优选的实施方式中,各隔室78从形成各六角形图案的隔室78的面到面部分测出为1/32-1/2英寸。较好使用1/16-1/5英寸的隔室78。更好使用测出尺寸为1/8英寸的隔室78。
具体参考试看图7,显示了图6薄膜76沿中线7-7的截面放大图,三维有孔薄膜76具有面向身体的面即阴面82和面向衣服的面即阳面84。覆盖片12面向衣服的面34应和有孔塑料薄膜76的阴面82保持紧密接触。覆盖片12宜和薄膜76保持接触,但不粘结在薄膜76上。
如图7所示,薄膜76位于覆盖片12和吸收芯16之间。有孔塑料薄膜76是具有许多大孔或桶状孔86的三维结构,各桶状孔具有基口88和顶口90。桶状孔86的顶口90和吸收芯16紧密接触,且顶口90宜附着在芯16上,确保这种紧密的接触。在有孔塑料薄膜76的阴面82上相邻开孔80之间形成平台区域92。在此蜂窝状的实施方式中,平台区域92宜相当窄小。三维有孔薄膜76具有大于30密耳的隔层94(图7),即阴面82的表面和阳面84上平坦表面之间的距离。在此优选的实施方式中,隔层94为50密耳。
现在试看图8和9,本发明改进的吸收制品第三实施方式使用由三维有孔薄膜96制成的呈六角形图案的收集分布层15。虽然使用六角形图案是便于说明,但是应理解其它图案也可以用于本文所述的任何薄膜。其它图案的例子包括圆形、卵形、椭圆形、多边形或其它合适的图案。所述六角形图案形成许多相邻的六边形即隔室98。在此优选的实施方式中,所述六角形图案是基于8.75目的,“目”是指在一英寸长度上隔室98的数目。虽然优选目数为8.75,可以使用2-25目,宜为4-15目。各隔室98中应有一个孔100,该孔直径较大,如为59密耳。有许多凸起有脊101形成在三维有孔薄膜96上。突起的脊101宜纵向延伸或者和吸收制品10的纵向中线22(图1)平行。
具体试看图9,显示了图8薄膜96沿中线9-9的截面放大图,三维有孔薄膜96具有面向身体的面即阴面102和面向衣服的面即阳面104。覆盖片12面向衣服的面34宜和有孔塑料薄膜96的阴面102保持紧密接触。覆盖片12宜和薄膜96保持接触,但不粘结在薄膜96上。薄膜96所用的热塑材料,其密度宜为0.919-0.960克/毫升,更优选为0.930-0.950克/毫升。典型材料的一般熔体指数宜为0.10-8.50,更优选约为1.5-4.5。
如图9所示,薄膜96位于覆盖片12和吸收芯16之间。有孔塑料薄膜96是具有许多毛细管106的三维结构,各毛细管具有基口108和顶口110。毛细管106的顶口110和吸收芯16紧密接触,且顶口110宜附着在芯16上,确保这种紧密的接触。也应注意到基本上只有毛细管106的顶口110和芯16紧密接触,由此确保提供用于侧漏的空隙114-116基本保持不受妨碍。在有孔塑料薄膜96的阴面102上相邻开孔100之间形成平台(land)区域112。在有孔塑料薄膜96的阳面104上形成空隙空间114(图9),提供各隔室98之间的液体通道。在各突起的脊101的阳面104上形成了沟槽115(图9)。当沟槽115和有孔塑料薄膜96的空隙空间114连通时,形成扩大的空隙空间116。三维有孔薄膜96具有范围为0.065英寸的隔层118(图9),即阴面102的突起的脊101上的表面和阳面104上平坦表面之间的距离,即突起的脊101宜在薄膜96优选的为0.050英寸的隔层上加上0.015英寸。虽然最优选的隔层为0.050英寸,但是可以使用0.031-0.125英寸,更好是0.045-0.100英寸的隔层。突起的脊101可以是将金属丝附在形成真空的网周边上或者在真空形成的网上形成长的隆起物,然后以本技术已知的方法使薄膜经过丝网上面来形成。薄膜96所用的热塑材料,其密度宜为0.919-0.960克/毫升,优选为0.930-0.950克/毫升。典型热塑材料的一般熔体指数宜为0.10-8.50,优选约为1.5-4.5。
在图10中显示了使用一片具有突起的脊101的三维有孔薄膜96制造的一次性尿布120。一次性尿布120具有纵向中线122和横向中线124。应理解本文所述的一次性尿布120仅是一个例子,本文所述的发明不应限制于一次性尿布,也可以包括失禁制品、卫生巾、月经垫或者其它吸收制品。
现在试看图11,图示了本发明改进的吸收制品的第四个实施方式使用由三维有孔薄膜56(图4和5)和三维有孔薄膜96(图8和9)制成的收集分布层15,它可以称为多层有孔薄膜126。三维有孔薄膜56形成多层有孔薄膜126面向身体的次层128。三维有孔薄膜96形成多层有孔薄膜126面向衣服的次层130。覆盖片12面向衣服的面34应和形成面向身体的次层128的有孔塑料薄膜56的阴面62保持紧密接触。顶层12应和次层128保持接触,但不粘结在其上面。
如图11所示,多层有孔薄膜126位于覆盖片12和吸收芯16之间。多层有孔薄膜126是允许液体流过的三维结构。形成面向身体的次层128的三维有孔薄膜56和在次层130上形成的突起的脊101接触。形成面向衣服的次层130的三维有孔薄膜96的顶口110要和吸收芯16紧密接触。形成面向衣服的次层130的有孔塑料薄膜96空隙空间114和通道115(所述空间114和通道115形成扩大的空隙空间116)。由形成面向身体的次层128的三维有孔薄膜56的额外空隙空间74补充。由于通道101的高度,次层128和130之间的空间也形成了更为扩大的空隙空间136。多层有孔薄膜126具有厚度138,即形成面向身体的次层128的三维有孔薄膜56的阴面62和三维有孔薄膜96的阳面104的平表面之间的距离。多层有孔薄膜126优选的厚度138为0.90英寸,是薄膜96优选的厚度50密耳、突起的脊101优选的厚度15密耳以及覆盖片12优选的厚度25密耳的总和。多层薄膜126的次层128和130宜用名为“Lamination ofnon-apertured three-dimensional films to apertured three-dimensional film andarticles produced therefrom”的美国专利5,635,275(Biagioli等)中所述的方法粘结在一起。该专利参考结合于此。但是,多层薄膜126不宜与覆盖片12粘合。
现在试看图12,图示了本发明改进的吸收制品的第五个实施方式使用由第一三维有孔薄膜56(图4和5)和第二三维有孔薄膜76(图6和7)制成的收集分布层15,它可以称为多层有孔薄膜146。第一三维有孔薄膜56形成多层有孔薄膜146面向身体的次层148。第二三维有孔薄膜76形成多层有孔薄膜146面向衣服的次层150。覆盖片12面向衣服的面34应和形成面向身体的次层148的有孔塑料薄膜56的阴面62保持紧密接触。顶层12应和次层148保持接触,但不粘结在其上面。
如图12所示,多层有孔薄膜146位于覆盖片12和吸收芯16之间。但是,可以想到在没有覆盖片12的情况下,多层有孔薄膜146也能起作用。多层有孔薄膜146是让液体通过的三维结构。形成面向身体的次层148的三维有孔薄膜56和形成次层150的三维有孔薄膜76的平台区域92接触。面向身体的次层148将覆盖片12和从桶状孔86溢出流到邻近桶状孔86的未吸收的液体隔开。面向身体的次层148的空隙空间74和面向衣服的次层150的桶状孔86形成更为扩大的空隙空间156。多层有孔薄膜146具有厚度158,即形成面向身体的次层148的三维有孔薄膜的阴面62和三维有孔薄膜76的阳面84的平表面之间的距离。多层有孔薄膜146的厚度158优选为70密耳,即面向衣服的次层150为50密耳,面向身体的次层为20密耳。多层薄膜146的次层148和150最好用参考结合于此的美国专利5,635,275(Biagioli等)中所述的方法粘结在一起。但是,多层薄膜146较好是不与覆盖片12粘合。复合多层有孔薄膜126和146可以根据参考结合于此的美国专利5,635,275(Biagioli等)中的方法进行构造。
在实践中,三维有孔薄膜56、76、96和多层有孔薄膜126和146可以用作吸收制品10中的收集分布层15。吸收制品10可用于需要吸收液体的用途中。在使用时,身体分泌液如男婴、女婴或成人排出的尿液沉积在吸收制品10上。尿液通常是流到制品的一个单一部位上。重复排泄后,由于芯材料受到重复排泄的区域变得饱和,就会出现不希望发生的泄漏或者使用户产生潮湿的不快感觉。换句话说,吸收芯16在某一区域会无法吸收重复的排泄物。因此,传递给吸收制品10的液体排泄物不再能够被芯16吸收,而留在芯层16的顶部即面向身体的面17上。本发明提供用来使未吸收的液体从芯层16导向芯层16不饱和区域的方法。当覆盖片12将某些部分被从桶状孔86向邻近桶状孔86溢流出的未吸收的液体暂时弄湿时,薄膜76的阴面82上的狭窄的平台区域92宜具有足够小的表面积,以致其上面的液体量不足以使穿用者产生潮湿的感觉。当未吸收液体接触覆盖片12,覆盖片12上就会产生令人不快的潮湿感觉。湿的覆盖片12导致令人不适的液体接触穿用者的皮肤。
例如,当在吸收制品10(图1)中使用三维有孔薄膜56(图4和5)时,未吸收或从芯层16是溢流出来的液体能在空隙空间74中流向芯16的不饱和区域。邻近隔室58(图4)的阳面64(图5)上的空隙空间74相互连接,能让大量的液体流到芯16的不饱和区域。许多邻近的六角形形成大的下面侧空隙空间,为在顶部平面或饱和芯区域16面向身体的面17上溢流的液体提供足够空间,并达到新的不饱和的区域。结果,重复排泄产生的未吸收的液体能从吸收芯材料16的饱和区域上流开,并通过下面的空隙空间74流向吸收芯材料16的不饱和区域。当排泄液体寻找新的区域以便被吸收时,如果没有三维有孔薄膜56的空隙空间74,和皮肤接触的覆盖片12就会变湿。阳面空隙区域74具有比以前所知的防变湿层或者防芯吸层更大的总空隙区域。
再一个例子,当在吸收制品10(图1)中使用三维有孔薄膜76(图6和7)时,设想当芯材料16的某个区域已被饱和,该区域的桶状孔86已经填满,此时有体液排泄到该区域。当排泄部位处的桶状孔86已满,随着有液体在其上面溢出,邻近于排泄部位的桶状孔86则被填充,此时邻近的一些桶状孔86均被填满出现溢流,该过程重复从而容纳满额的排泄液体体积。最终,在桶状孔86上溢出的液体流入位于最近的不饱和芯材料16的区域中的某个桶状孔86中,液体就被吸收。由于未吸收的液体从桶状孔86向邻近桶状孔86的溢流能将未吸收的液体分散在更大面积的吸收液体的芯材料16中,就可以避免覆盖片12发生不舒适的潮湿。这种敞开孔的空隙区域86具有比以前所知的防变湿层或者防芯吸层更大的总空隙区域。三维有孔薄膜76的平台区域92优选的百分数范围为5-20%总表面积。大图案收集分布层材料即三维有孔薄膜76的厚度也较大,例如超过30密耳,在1/8英寸蜂窝实施方式中更好为50密耳。三维有孔薄膜64最上层平面和最底层平面之间较大的厚度提供了在湿芯16和与使用者皮肤接触的区域之间的防芯吸阻挡层。更大的厚度产生更好的干爽感觉。由于覆盖片12的材料仅是总占用体积的一小部分,体积越大,则邻近皮肤接触区域的“气垫”就越多。
再一个例子,当在吸收制品10(图1)中使用三维有孔薄膜96(图8和9)时,未被芯层16吸收的排泄液体能在空隙空间114中流动。邻近隔室98(图9)的阳面104(图9)上的空隙空间114是相互连接的,能让大量的液体流到芯16的不饱和区域。此外,突起的脊101形成通道115,通过扩大的空隙空间116能进一步容纳未吸收液体。通道115的再一优点是通道115沿所需的方向例如纵向,即和一次性尿布120(图10)的纵向中线122平行的方向引导未吸收的液体。通过纵向引导未吸收的液体,液体可以导向具有更多不饱和芯材料16的位置,而不是将液体导向不适宜的位置如尿布的周边。通道115引导液体的方向不是和一次性尿布120的横向中线平行的方向。因此,所述突起的脊能有效地消除一次性尿布20的侧漏。
此外,各种实施方式的收集分布层42可以组合成为多层有孔薄膜中,如薄膜126(图11)或者薄膜146(图12)。多层有孔薄膜126能提供更大的空隙空间136,用来容纳未吸收的液体。以更大的空隙空间136能让未吸收的液体流到芯材料16的不饱和区域,而不使未吸收的液体和覆盖片12接触,由此,就避免了令使用者产生不快的潮湿感觉。
多层有孔薄膜146(图12)提供更大的空隙空间156,可用来容纳未被吸收的液体。更大的空隙空间156能让液体溢流越过平台92从桶状孔86进入邻近的芯材料16未被填满桶状孔86中。当未被吸收的液体溢流越过平台92从面向衣服的次层150即薄膜76的桶状孔86到达邻近的桶状孔时,面向身体的次层148即薄膜56能充分防止未被吸收的液体接触覆盖片12,由此进一步避免使用者产生不舒适的潮湿的感觉。
三维有孔薄膜56、76、96和多层有孔薄膜126和146的使用提高了吸收制品10收集分布层15的厚度。三维有孔薄膜56、76、96和多层有孔薄膜126和146的最上层平面和最底层平面之间的更大的厚度75、94、118、138和158在潮湿芯16和与使用者皮肤接触的区域之间提供了防芯吸的阻挡层。更大的厚度75、94、118、138和158产生了改进的干爽感觉。由于覆盖片12的材料仅是总占用体积的一小部分,所以体积越大,则邻近皮肤接触区域的“气垫”就越多。
“溢流”实施方式的大阴面空隙有利于未被吸收的液体的分散。对一平米的薄膜来说,阴面空隙宜大于500立方厘米,更好是大于750立方厘米,最好大于1000立方厘米。此外,“下溢(spill-under)”实施方式的大阳面空隙也有利于未被吸收的液体的分散。对一平方米的薄膜来说,阳面空隙宜大于500立方厘米,更好是大于600立方厘米,最好大于750立方厘米。
试验数据
使用多重排泄收集方法进行试验。在参考结合于此的名为“The Test MessPartIII-Credible Testing for Liquid Acquisition”的文献(由James P.Hanson所著,出现在Nonwovens World,Fall 1997,第57-63页)中详细说明了几种方法。
更具体地说,如下所述进行本试验。现看图13,从吸收制品10上在存收集分布层15的区域中冲切出样品160。将覆盖片12和收集分布层从吸收制品10上除去,要特别注意不要改变材料的取向。然后随机地称量冲切出的样品160的覆盖片12和收集分布层15的重量,并随机记录重量的平均值和标准偏差。然后,加上吸收芯16重新组成各冲切下的样品160。
为了在所有三层上进行收集速度性能试验,使用液体收集装置162。装置162有个在中心具有开孔166的平板164,用来放置在样品160的顶部。从平板164向上有个受控容积的室168,用来接受所需来自液体源170的液体流量和总加入量。溢流管172从受控容积的室168在平板164稍上的位置向外伸出。
根据上述方法测试6个样品,测试时,液体源以7毫升/秒的流量将液体泵入受控容积的室168中。样品1和2具有类似于图3所示的类似的收集分布层,这些样品具有如下表1所示的各个厚度。具体地说,样品1是美国发明登记号No.H1670(Aziz等)中所述的已有技术薄膜,该薄膜具有20密耳厚度,具有圆形或六角形隔室且目数为22的图案。样品2是美国发明登记号No.H1670(Aziz等)中所述的已有技术薄膜,该薄膜具有23密耳厚度,具有六角形隔室且目数为25的图案。样品3和4是本发明的薄膜例子,样品3具有收集分布层15,所述收集分布层15带有和图4和5中所示类似的阳面空隙流动区域。样品4是图6和7中所示的发明实施方式,即“桶状孔”实施方式,在收集分布层上具有1/8英寸的蜂窝状图案。样品3具有比样品4稍小的厚度(相比51密耳,它为49密耳),但是其阳面空隙较大。具体地说,样品3具有六角形图案,在8.75目上厚度为50密耳。样品4具有1/8英寸的蜂窝状图案在8目数上厚度为50密耳。结果列于下表1中。
样品编号 | 总液体溢流 (毫升) | 膨胀厚度倒数 (1/毫米) | 厚度(毫米) | 目数 |
样品1 | 62.71 | 0.787402 | 20 | 22 |
样品2 | 59.09 | 0.905512 | 23 | 25 |
样品3 | 54.15 | 1.929134 | 49 | 8.75 |
样品4 | 52.65 | 2.007874 | 51 | 8 |
试验的结果以图表的方式显示在图14中。图14中有显示各样品1-4液体溢流(毫升)的柱状图。此外,图14中有显示各样品膨胀厚度倒数的曲线图。当以7毫升/秒将15毫升的液体输入到受控容积的室168中,溢流定义为从液体收集装置162的溢流管172溢出的液体的量。没有流出溢流管172的液体被样品160所吸收。
从图14可见,样品的厚度越大,测出的液体溢流就越少。本发明的薄膜即样品3和4具有明显比具有已有技术结构的薄膜即样品1和2更大的厚度。样品3和4的液体溢流明显较低。应注意到样品1和2的总空隙小于550毫升/米2,而本发明实施方式的样品3和4的总空隙大于1000毫升/米2。本发明优选的总空隙大于750毫升/米2,更好是大于875毫升/米2,最好是大于1000毫升/米2。
为了进一步说明本发明薄膜相比已有薄膜在空隙空间方面的显著提高,在图15和16中显示了样品2和样品4的显微镜照片示意图。图15和16的放大倍数为50。图15显示的是样品2和4的平面图。图16显示的是样品2和4的截面图。图15和16清楚地显示样品4的空隙空间大得多。
最后,从各样品1-4所得的已知放大倍数和图上尺寸的显微镜图,可以进行空隙空间的经验计算。虽然本文所述的隔室实施方式最接近Thompson4,939,135中所述的几何截锥体,但是包括其它隔室形状如Radel4,342,314中所述的基本直壁的隔室、Rose4,895,749中所述缩小到窄点然后再次向开孔端扩大的隔室也都在本发明的范围内。在下表3中显示了所得阴面空隙、阳面空隙以及总空隙的几何计算数据。
表3
样品编号 | 厚度(密耳) | 目数 | 每m2薄膜的蜂窝数隔室(米2) | 阴面空隙容积(毫升/米2) | 阳面空隙容积(毫升/米2) | 总空隙(毫升/米2) |
1 | 20 | 22 | 872,170 | 189 | 339 | 528 |
2 | 23 | 25 | 1,090,755 | 247 | 236 | 483 |
3 | 49 | 8.75 | 131,771 | 294 | 752 | 1046 |
4 | 51 | 8 | 105,649 | 1357 | 475 | 1832 |
从表3可见,本发明“下溢”实施方式的样品3表明具有比其它任何样品更大的阳面空隙,即752毫升/米2。本发明“溢流”实施方式的样品4表明具有比其它任何样品更大的阴面空隙,即1357毫升/米2。
由上可见,本发明会减轻或消除在重复排泄过程中或之后因未被吸收的液体为进行吸收从饱和芯材料区域向不饱和芯材料区域的流动而使用者产生的潮湿感觉。本发明能将未被吸收的液体导向芯材料16的不饱和区域,并防止未被吸收的液体和覆盖片12明显接触。本发明能防止覆盖片12产生令人不快的潮湿感觉,并提供在一单独部位接受多重排泄物的能力。
本文通过一些实施例说明了本发明,本领域的技术人员可以作出各种修改。例如,各种几何构形、材料和多层薄膜复合物都落在本发明的范围内。至于另一实施例,虽然已经结合尿布、失禁制品、卫生巾和相关产品对本发明儿了描述,但本发明的吸收制品可以充分应用到其它类似的产品中,毫无限制地包括需要吸收材料的其他身体覆盖物。这种身体覆盖物可以包括医用披盖物、医用手术罩衣、医用工作服、造口术器具、女性卫生产品、转移尸体用的床单、液体收集袋、工业洁净室服装和其它产品。
因此,可以认为通过以上说明,本发明已经很清楚。虽然所示或所述的方法和制品已经认为是优选的,但是很明显,在不背离本发明由以下权利要求书限定的精神和范围的条件下,可以作出各种改变和修改。
Claims (32)
1.吸收制品,该吸收制品包括:
覆盖片;
吸收芯材料:
位于所述覆盖片和所述吸收芯材料之间的收集分布层,其中所述收集分布层是具有阴面和阳面的三维有孔薄膜,所述收集分布层形成空隙空间,且总空隙空间大于750厘米3/米2,所述空隙空间形成使液体侧向溢出的通道。
2.权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述收集分布层具有至少一个从所述收集分布层的所述阴面向所述覆盖片延伸的突起的脊。
3.权利要求2所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述突起的脊沿吸收制品的纵向延伸,用来引导未被吸收的液体主要沿吸收制品所需的方向流动,用以降低所述吸收制品的侧漏。
4.权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述收集分布层是具有邻近于第二三维有孔薄膜的第一三维有孔薄膜的多层薄膜;
所述第二三维有孔薄膜附在所述第一三维有孔薄膜的阴面,所述第一三维有孔薄膜具有至少一个突起的脊;
在所述第二三维有孔薄膜和所述第一三维有孔薄膜之间形成空隙,用来容纳未被吸收的液体,并充分防止液体和覆盖片接触。
5.权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述收集分布层是具有邻近于第二三维有孔薄膜的第一三维有孔薄膜的多层薄膜;
所述第二三维有孔薄膜附在所述第一三维有孔薄膜的阴面;
在所述第二三维有孔薄膜和所述第一三维有孔薄膜之间形成空隙,用来容纳未被吸收的液体,并充分防止液体和覆盖片接触。
6.权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述覆盖片是真空成形的薄膜层。
7.权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述收集分布层具有隔室,其中邻近的各隔室具有让排泄液体迅速通过收集分布层的孔。
8.权利要求7所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述隔室的目数为2-25。
9.权利要求7所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述隔室的目数为4-15。
10.权利要求7所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述隔室的目数为8.75。
11.权利要求7所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述隔室具有选自六角形、圆形、卵形、椭圆形或者多边形的形状。
12.权利要求7所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述隔室形成一定隔室图案,所述图案是至少两个选自六角形、圆形、卵形、椭圆形或者多边形的形状的混合图案。
13.权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述总空隙空间大于1000厘米3/米2。
14.权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述空隙空间位于收集分布层的阴面,以利于未被吸收液体的溢流。
15.权利要求14所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述阴面上的空隙空间大于500厘米3/米2。
16.权利要求14所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述阴面上的空隙空间大于750厘米3/米2。
17.权利要求14所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述阴面上的空隙空间大于1000厘米3/米2。
18.权利要求1所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述空隙空间位于收集分布层的阳面,以利于未被吸收液体的渗溢。
19.权利要求18所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述阳面上的空隙空间大于500厘米3/米2。
20.权利要求18所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述阳面上的空隙空间大于600厘米3/米2。
21.权利要求18所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述阳面上的空隙空间大于750厘米3/米2。
22.吸收制品,该吸收制品包括:
具有阴面和阳面的第一三维有孔薄膜,该第一三维有孔薄膜形成空隙空间;
附在所述第一三维有孔薄膜的所述阴面上的第二三维有孔薄膜;
在所述第二三维有孔薄膜和所述第一三维有孔薄膜之间用来容纳未被吸收的液体的空隙区域;
邻近于所述第一三维有孔薄膜阳面的吸收芯材料;
总空隙空间由所述第一和第二三维有孔薄膜层形成,其中所述总空隙空间大于750厘米3/米2,所述空隙空间形成使液体侧向溢出的通道。
23.权利要求22所述吸收制品,其特征在于它还包括:
邻近于所述第二三维有孔薄膜阴面的覆盖片。
24.权利要求22所述吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述总空隙空间大于1000厘米3/米2。
25.权利要求22所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述空隙空间位于收集分布层的阴面,以利于未被吸收液体的溢流。
26.权利要求25所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述阴面上的空隙空间大于750厘米3/米2。
27.权利要求25所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述阴面上的空隙空间大于1000厘米3/米2。
28.权利要求25所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述总空隙空间大于875厘米3/米2。
29.权利要求22所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述空隙空间位于收集分布层的阳面,以利于未被吸收液体的渗溢。
30.权利要求29所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述阳面上的空隙空间大于500厘米3/米2。
31.权利要求29所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述阳面上的空隙空间大于600厘米3/米2。
32.权利要求29所述的吸收制品,其特征在于:
所述阳面上的空隙空间大于750厘米3/米2。
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-
2000
- 2000-09-22 US US09/668,649 patent/US6610904B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-09-20 AT AT01971232T patent/ATE283015T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-20 JP JP2002528172A patent/JP4377127B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-09-20 MX MXPA03002467A patent/MXPA03002467A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-09-20 HU HU0303366A patent/HUP0303366A2/hu unknown
- 2001-09-20 ES ES01971232T patent/ES2233688T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-20 AU AU2001291140A patent/AU2001291140A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-09-20 PL PL01360694A patent/PL360694A1/xx unknown
- 2001-09-20 EP EP01971232A patent/EP1318781B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-20 DE DE60107447T patent/DE60107447T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-20 BR BRPI0114090A patent/BRPI0114090B8/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-20 WO PCT/US2001/029394 patent/WO2002024133A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-09-20 KR KR1020037004193A patent/KR100540276B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-20 CN CNB018181112A patent/CN1201711C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-20 CA CA002422756A patent/CA2422756A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2003
- 2003-06-20 US US10/600,181 patent/US7378568B2/en active Active
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2008
- 2008-01-10 JP JP2008002680A patent/JP5080991B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102319149A (zh) * | 2011-07-28 | 2012-01-18 | 福建恒安集团有限公司 | 一种一次性吸收物品 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR0114090A (pt) | 2003-07-22 |
KR20030034203A (ko) | 2003-05-01 |
EP1318781B2 (en) | 2011-11-09 |
US7378568B2 (en) | 2008-05-27 |
MXPA03002467A (es) | 2004-09-10 |
WO2002024133A1 (en) | 2002-03-28 |
PL360694A1 (en) | 2004-09-20 |
DE60107447T3 (de) | 2012-05-03 |
JP4377127B2 (ja) | 2009-12-02 |
JP5080991B2 (ja) | 2012-11-21 |
ES2233688T5 (es) | 2012-03-26 |
CN1471380A (zh) | 2004-01-28 |
CA2422756A1 (en) | 2002-03-28 |
KR100540276B1 (ko) | 2006-01-11 |
US6610904B1 (en) | 2003-08-26 |
JP2008155035A (ja) | 2008-07-10 |
HUP0303366A2 (en) | 2004-01-28 |
US20040002688A1 (en) | 2004-01-01 |
JP2004508892A (ja) | 2004-03-25 |
DE60107447T2 (de) | 2005-12-08 |
EP1318781B1 (en) | 2004-11-24 |
EP1318781A1 (en) | 2003-06-18 |
BRPI0114090B8 (pt) | 2021-06-22 |
BR0114090B1 (pt) | 2012-06-26 |
DE60107447D1 (de) | 2004-12-30 |
AU2001291140A1 (en) | 2002-04-02 |
ATE283015T1 (de) | 2004-12-15 |
ES2233688T3 (es) | 2005-06-16 |
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