CN118393137B - 一种肠道保护菌的检测试剂盒及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于生物技术检测领域,具体涉及一种肠道保护菌的检测试剂盒及其应用。所述检测试剂盒中包括检测抗体5H4,其包括重链可变区和轻链可变区,重链可变区的氨基酸序列选自SEQ ID NO:2;轻链可变区的氨基酸序列选自SEQ ID NO:6。该抗体可以快速、灵敏、准确的检测乳酸杆菌的S‑层蛋白,所述抗体制备的检测试剂盒能够实现对乳酸杆菌的更灵敏、高特异性、更快速的检测,排除了交叉反应带来的假阳性干扰,显示了良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术检测领域,具体涉及一种肠道保护菌的检测试剂盒及其应用。
背景技术
乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus)是一种常见的肠道益生菌。乳酸杆菌是许多健康食品和饮品的重要组成部分,包括酸奶、发酵乳和其他益生菌产品。乳酸杆菌对人体健康具有多重积极效应,乳酸杆菌能够帮助分解食物,特别是乳糖,这对许多人来说很有帮助,因为他们无法自然消化乳糖,此外乳酸杆菌能够刺激和增强我们的免疫系统,保持肠道微生物平衡,另外乳酸杆菌可以通过竞争营养物质和生存空间,抑制有害菌的生长。乳酸杆菌被广泛用作益生菌,增加在日常饮食中的摄入可帮助改善肠道健康。
S-层蛋白是一种存在于很多细菌和古菌中的表面蛋白,形成有规律且非常均匀的结构,称为S-层(Surface layer)。"S"在此处代表“表面”(Surface)。S-层通常是由一个或几种骨架蛋白亚基组成,这些亚基自我组装形成抗酸、抗热的二维结晶阵列,覆盖在菌体表面。
单克隆抗体是指由单一B细胞克隆产生的高度均一、仅针对某一特定抗原表位的抗体。通常采用杂交瘤技术来制备,杂交瘤(hybridoma)抗体技术是在细胞融合技术的基础上,将具有分泌特异性抗体能力的致敏B细胞和具有增殖能力的骨髓瘤细胞融合为B细胞杂交瘤。用具备这种特性的单个杂交瘤细胞培养成细胞群,可制备针对一种抗原表位的特异性抗体即单克隆抗体。鉴于单克隆抗体质地均一、高度特异和高亲和力,目前基因工程抗体在疾病的预防、诊断、治疗和纯化方面已获得广泛应用。
对于乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus)的检测和判定方法主要有:
显微镜观察:这种方法通常用于初步鉴定微生物。它基于微生物的形状、大小和染色反应。此方法的优点在于简便、快速,而缺点则是不能鉴定到菌种的水平,一般仅可以区分大类;
培养计数法:这种方法常用于细菌数量的测定。优点是可以直观地看到细菌菌落的大小、形状和颜色等信息,但缺点是需要特定的培养条件,并且不能检测无法在特定培养基上生长的微生物。
分子生物学方法:如PCR (聚合酶链式反应)、菌群指纹分析(如DGGE、TGGE)、高通量测序等。优点是准确度高、可复现性强,而且可以鉴定到菌种甚至菌株的水平。但缺点是操作技术要求高、成本较高,且需要有相应的设备和软件进行数据分析,与单克隆抗体相比,反应亲和力大大降低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服前述多种乳酸杆菌检测方法的不足,提供一种特异性强、灵敏度高、快速、高效的肠道保护菌的检测试剂盒及其应用。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种肠道保护菌的检测试剂盒,其包括捕获抗体、包被液、洗脱液和检测抗体。
优选的,所述捕获抗体为单克隆抗体5H4,所述检测抗体为辣根过氧化物酶标记的抗小鼠IgG Fc的抗体。
优选的,所述单克隆抗体5H4由如SEQ ID NO:2所示的重链可变区以及如SEQ IDNO:6所示的轻链可变区组成。
优选的,所述重链可变区由如SEQ ID NO:3所示的HCDR1、如SEQ ID NO:4所示的HCDR2以及如SEQ ID NO:5所示的HCDR3组成;所述轻链可变区由如SEQ ID NO:7所示的LCDR1、如SEQ ID NO:8所示的LCDR2以及如SEQ ID NO:9所示的LCDR3组成。
在本发明的另一较佳实施方式中,还提供一种抗S-层蛋白单克隆抗体的检测性抗体5H4。
优选的,所述单克隆抗体5H4由如SEQ ID NO:2所示的重链可变区以及如SEQ IDNO:6所示的轻链可变区组成。
优选的,所述重链可变区由如SEQ ID NO:3所示的HCDR1、如SEQ ID NO:4所示的HCDR2以及如SEQ ID NO:5所示的HCDR3组成;所述轻链可变区由如SEQ ID NO:7所示的LCDR1、如SEQ ID NO:8所示的LCDR2以及如SEQ ID NO:9所示的LCDR3组成。
在本发明的另一较佳实施方式中,还提供一种特异性快速简便检测样本中肠道保护菌乳酸杆菌的方法,用包含单克隆抗体5H4试剂对待测样本进行玻板凝集试验检测。
优选的,所述在本发明的较佳实施方式中,还提供一种检测试剂盒以及抗S-层蛋白单克隆抗体的检测性抗体在检测肠道保护菌乳酸杆菌的应用。
本发明的技术方案具有如下效果:
本发明制备得到抗S-层蛋白单克隆抗体的检测性抗体5H4,该抗体能特异性识别肠道保护菌乳酸杆菌的S-层蛋白,其中单克隆抗体5H4由如SEQ ID NO:2所示的重链可变区以及如SEQ ID NO:6所示的轻链可变区组成。
本发明提供的基于检测性抗体5H4的乳酸杆菌双抗体夹心检测方法或检测试剂盒,该方法具有灵敏度高、稳定性好、特异性强的效果,能同时检测大量样品。
本发明提供的基于检测性抗体5H4的特异性快速简便检测样本中肠道保护菌乳酸杆菌的方法,即用包含单克隆抗体5H4试剂对待测样本进行玻板凝集试验检测,该方法具有快速、灵敏、区分度高的检测效果,且在检测过程中与双歧杆菌、酸杆菌、酪酸杆菌、大肠杆菌、屎肠球菌没有交叉反应性。
附图说明
图1 :Lact-SLP抗原片段的SDS-PAGE分析。
图2:单克隆抗体5H4的SDS-PAGE分析。
图3:单克隆抗体5H4的检测效价。
图4:基于单克隆抗体5H4对乳酸杆菌双抗体夹心检测相关性分析。
具体实施方式
本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述,相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文的方法和应用进行改动或适当变更与组合,来实现和应用本发明技术。
实施例1:抗Lact-SLP的单克隆抗体的制备
购买商业化ATCC8008乳酸杆菌Lactobacillus sp标准菌株菌种,以乳酸杆菌的膜外S-层蛋白(S-Layer Protein, SLP)基因为模板,经PCR反应得到Lact-SLP抗原多肽的基因片段,并构建Lact-SLP重组质粒,将其与pET-32a(+)载体进行双酶切,染后将纯化的Lact-SLP抗原片段和pET-32a(+)连接,pET-32a(+)带有HIS标签,构建pET-32a(+)-Lact-SLP重组质粒,转至DH5α感受态中挑取单克隆送测。
Lact-SLP抗原片段:
SKNSNVKFAGADGKFADTVKVELGQNGTLTTPISVQVSNVNALDLSNANGVNFYNASNGSQVTKGSVNVTAGLIGRLNVSTVASEILKNCAAYQVSNGKPVSQLPDQKAVVADVNAALKAANIPVDNAGWFTAPISLSVNVKASSSINGVGCYFTCTVNVANGKDMTVPSQSKTIMHNAYYYDKDAKRVGTDKLTRYNSVTVAMNTTTINGKAYYEVIENGKATGKFINADNIDGTK(SEQ ID NO:1)。
将测序正确的pET-32a(+)-Lact-SLP重组质粒转至BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,挑取阳性单克隆至含100 mg/L氨苄青霉素的LB培养基,培养至OD600为0.6~0.8 时,用终浓度为1 mmol/L IPTG在25 ℃条件下过夜诱导后取样,进行扩大培养,取诱导后的菌体,超声破碎至液体澄清。将上清液用Ni-Agarose Resin过柱处理,用含200 mmol/L咪唑ElutionBuffer 洗脱Lact-SLP,Lact-SLP抗原片段的SDS-PAGE分析,其中泳道M:蛋白Marker;泳道1:诱导后菌体上清液;泳道2:诱导后菌体沉淀;泳道3-5:洗杂液;泳道6-8:洗脱液(见图1)。
图1结果显示,Lact-SLP抗原片段成功诱导表达,且分子量大小与预期值一样,纯度90%以上,可用于后续小鼠免疫。
将纯化的Lact-SLP抗原片段装入透析带用PBS进行透析;用纯化的Lact-SLP免疫6~8 周龄雌性,BALB/c小鼠。首次免疫用Lact-SLP(100 μg)与弗氏完全佐剂按1:1 混合充分乳化,皮下注射;免后1周尾静脉采血,连续免疫3次,融合前2周复苏SP2/0细胞,用含10%胎牛血清的RPMI-1640完全培养基扩大培养,待细胞融合前1 d用含20%胎牛血清的RPMI-1640完全培养基进行换液,将收集的脾细胞和SP2/0细胞按8:1比例混合,在37 ℃下用聚乙二醇细胞融合试剂进行细胞融合,得到杂交瘤细胞株5H4;将杂交瘤细胞株5H4以1×106/只的量注入液体石蜡预处理的8-10周龄的BALB/c雌性小鼠腹腔,饲养观察10-14天后小鼠腹部膨大时抽取腹水,采用亲和色谱法Protein G Sepharose Fast Flow纯化单克隆抗体5H4,以SDS-PAGE测定单克隆抗体的纯度,纯度达到90%以上(见图2)。
图2结果显示,单克隆抗体5H4经还原剂处理后出现重链和轻链两条条带,其蛋白电泳图符合单克隆抗体的结构特点。
实施例2:抗Lact-SLP单克隆抗体5H4的鉴定
2.1抗体亚型鉴定:采用Roche公司的鼠单抗亚型鉴定试剂盒鉴定杂交瘤细胞株的亚型,5H4抗体的亚型为IgG1型,轻链为κ链。
2.2抗体可变区序列测定:提取杂交瘤细胞的mRNA,反转录为cDNA,使用可变区通用引物进行高保真PCR扩增,将PCR扩增片段插入到T载体内进行DNA序列测定,进一步将DNA序列测定结果翻译:编码单克隆抗体5H4,其重链可变区氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No:2所示,其轻链可变区氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No:6所示。
5H4的重链可变区:
LRLSCAASRFTFSNKDNSQNMLYLQMNSGSGGSSYYADSVKGYGYYGMDVWGQGTXVTVSSPVTPGEPASISLRAEDTAVVWGQGTAPGKGLEWSLLHSNGYNYLDWYLQKPGEAEDVGVF(SEQ ID No:2);
5H4的重链可变区由HCDR1、HCDR2和HCDR3组成;
HCDR1:RFTFSNKDN(SEQ ID No:3);
HCDR2:SSYYADSVKGYGYYGMDVWG(SEQ ID No:4);
HCDR3:LRAEDTAVVWGQGTA(SEQ ID No:5);
5H4的轻链可变区:
SQSLLHSNGYNYLDWYLQKPGQSPTPLSLPVTPGEPASISCRSSQMQALQTPYTFGQGTVPDRFSGSGSGTDDWKYGYYGMDVCCLVLLTGVRAQVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRGLVQPGGSLRLS(SEQ ID No:6);
5H4的轻链可变区由LCDR1、LCDR2和LCDR3组成;
LCDR1:GYNYLDWY(SEQ ID No:7);
LCDR2:GEPASISCRSSQMQALQ(SEQ ID No:8);
LCDR3:SGTDDWKYGYYGM(SEQ ID No:9);
2.3单克隆抗体5H4的效价检测:将包被Lact-SLP抗原片段用包被缓冲液作系列稀释包被96孔酶标板,100μL/孔,于4 ℃冰箱过夜。次日取出酶标板回至室温,每孔注入200μLPBST溶液,摇床上振荡3 min,用力甩掉洗涤液,在吸水纸上拍干,继续洗涤2次。以下洗涤方法相同。充分洗涤后,用封闭缓冲液封闭酶标板,200 μL/孔,于37 ℃温育箱内温育2 h后取出烘干待用。将单克隆抗体5H4梯度稀释对应加入到酶标板的前7行列,第8行加入阴性对照,100 μL/孔,37 ℃孵育1 h后洗涤、拍干。每孔加入100 μL、1:3000稀释的HRP标记的羊抗鼠IgG,37 ℃孵育1 h后洗涤、拍干。每孔加入100 μL显色液(TMB与底物液比例为1:5),暗处37 ℃反应15 min,取出后每孔加入100 μL终止液(2 mol/L的硫酸),用酶标仪测定吸光值A450(见图3)。
图3结果显示,单克隆抗体5H4效价可达1:640000,说明单克隆抗体5H4的灵敏度高。
实施例3:乳酸杆菌双抗体夹心检测
用10μg/mL单克隆抗体5H4包被酶标板,100μL/孔,4℃过夜;用PBST洗涤反应板三次,每次3min,200μL/孔,然后甩干反应板;含0.2%明胶的CBS,200μL /孔,37℃封闭2h;重复上述操作洗涤干净,用PBST将ATCC8008乳酸杆菌Lactobacillus sp稀释成2.23×105、3.67×104、2.54×103、6.48×103、2.46×102、4.82×101cfu/mL系列浓度,另设一个PBST空白对照;每孔加入100μL样品,于37℃温育lh。用PBST洗涤反应板三次,每次3min,200μL/孔,然后甩干反应板;加酶标抗体5H4-HRP(辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记5H4,2μg/mL), 100μL /孔,37C反应1h;用PBST洗涤反应板三次,每次3min,200μL/孔,然后甩干反应板;加底物TMB100 μL/孔,显色10min;加终止液50μL/孔。用酶标仪检测OD450nm(图4)。
图4的结果显示:本发明所获得的乳酸杆菌抗原检测的检测范围为103~104cfu/mL,相关性R2=0.99。
实施例4:抗Lact-SLP单克隆抗体5H4对不同菌株的特异性检测结果
以乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、酸杆菌、酪酸杆菌、大肠杆菌、屎肠球菌标准品分别与筛选到的单克隆抗体5H4做玻板凝集试验,用接种环沾取少量平板上的选择乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、酸杆菌、酪酸杆菌、大肠杆菌、屎肠球菌的菌落,于生理盐水中混匀,然后分别滴加到事先的标记好的洁净载玻片上,并同时滴加单克隆抗体5H4,设置乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、酸杆菌、酪酸杆菌、大肠杆菌、屎肠球菌与生理盐水及单抗与生理盐的对照组。结果见表1,结果表明本单克隆抗体5H4具有良好的特异性,只与乳酸杆菌反应呈阳性,与双歧杆菌、酸杆菌、酪酸杆菌、大肠杆菌、屎肠球菌均呈阴性。
表1单克隆抗体5H4特异性鉴定
注:+表示玻板凝集试验结果阳性;-表示玻板凝集试验结果阴性。
表1结果显示,抗乳酸杆菌的单克隆抗体5H4能特异性检测乳酸杆菌;与双歧杆菌、酸杆菌、酪酸杆菌、大肠杆菌、屎肠球菌没有交叉反应性。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本申请构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此,本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (3)
1.一种肠道保护菌的检测试剂盒,其特征在于,包括检测抗体,所述肠道保护菌为乳酸杆菌,所述检测抗体为由如SEQ ID NO:2所示的重链可变区以及如SEQ ID NO:6所示的轻链可变区组成的单克隆抗体。
2.根据权利要求1所述检测试剂盒,其特征在于,所述重链可变区由如SEQ ID NO:3所示的HCDR1、如SEQ ID NO:4所示的HCDR2以及如SEQ ID NO:5所示的HCDR3组成;所述轻链可变区由如SEQ ID NO:7所示的LCDR1、如SEQ ID NO:8所示的LCDR2以及如SEQ ID NO:9所示的LCDR3组成。
3.一种根据权利要求1-2任意一项所述的检测试剂盒在制备检测肠道保护菌乳酸杆菌的产品中的应用。
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