CN115997707A - Catfish offspring seed cultivation solution, catfish offspring seed cultivation method and application - Google Patents
Catfish offspring seed cultivation solution, catfish offspring seed cultivation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- 241001233037 catfish Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 240000003690 Callicarpa japonica Species 0.000 claims abstract description 32
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture fish culture, and particularly relates to a catfish fry culture solution, a culture method and application, wherein the catfish fry culture solution comprises water, the water contains beautyberry dry extract, the concentration of the beautyberry dry extract is at least 0.02g/L, the culture method comprises the following steps of placing catfish fries in a culture device, and the catfish fries culture solution is contained in the culture device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture fish culture, and particularly relates to a catfish offspring seed culture solution, a catfish offspring seed culture method and application.
Background
Catfish such as Chariosa, commonly known as Clarias fuscus, etc., belonging to the Clarias fuscus, clarias, and Clarias. The teeth of the mandible are 2 pairs, the mandible protrudes from the maxilla, the plow bone dental tape is connected into a piece, and the front edge of the pectoral fin is provided with obvious saw teeth. At present, preliminary researches on artificial domestication of catfish, development rule of germ cells, artificial induced spawning, cultivation of offspring seeds, cultivation of adult fish and the like are carried out at home and abroad. However, the problems of low parent artificial propagation efficiency, low survival rate of large-sized fries, laggard adult fish culture mode and the like still exist in the culture process of the clarias fuscus, and the large-scale development of the catfish culture industry is greatly restricted.
Catfish is carnivorous fish, and has the characteristic of large difference of male and female growth rates due to the difference of opening time in the seedling stage, so that the phenomenon of similar phase and phase eating is very common in the culture stage of the catfish, and is an important reason for low survival rate of large-scale fries. At present, antibiotics are usually required to be put into a culture water body in the culture practice to treat the loss caused by the fish fry phase residue, and individuals with larger size differences in a culture population are screened out and fed separately by a manual periodic sorting method to prevent the same kind from feeding. However, excessive use of antibiotics is liable to cause problems such as environmental pollution, generation of drug-resistant strains and drug residues, and is unfavorable for healthy development of aquaculture industry. Meanwhile, the method for manually sorting large and small seedlings needs to consume a large amount of manpower, and the large and small individuals in the group cannot be separated in time frequently, and in addition, the seedlings are also greatly damaged in the manual sorting process, so that the survival rate of the seedlings is affected. Therefore, the development of a new offspring seed cultivation method for improving the survival rate of the offspring seeds of the silurus matsutake has important significance for the large-scale development of the breeding industry of the silurus matsutake.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a catfish offspring seed cultivation solution, a catfish offspring seed cultivation method and application, reducing the probability of similar phase residue of catfish and improving the survival rate of catfish offspring seeds.
The invention relates to a catfish offspring seed cultivation solution, which comprises water, wherein the water contains beautyberry dry extract, and the concentration of the beautyberry dry extract is at least 0.02g/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the callicarpa nudiflora dry extract is 0.02g/L.
The invention provides a catfish offspring seed cultivation method which comprises the following steps that catfish offspring seed is placed in a cultivation device, and the cultivation device contains catfish offspring seed cultivation solution.
Preferably, a baffle is arranged in the cultivating device, a through hole is formed in the baffle, the baffle divides the cultivating device into two parts so as to prevent larger individuals in catfish fries from passing through, and after the catfish fries grow to a certain stage, the size of the through hole in the baffle is changed so as to adapt to the growth of the catfish fries.
Preferably, catfish fries grow to a certain stage, and the lengths of catfish fries at different stages are 2-3 cm,5-6 cm and 8-9 cm respectively.
Preferably, when the length of the catfish offspring seed is 2-3 cm, the aperture of the through hole is 0.35-0.36 cm; when the length of catfish fries is 5-6 cm, the aperture of the through hole is 0.78-0.80 cm; when the length of catfish fries is 8-9 cm, the aperture of the through hole is 1.20-1.21 cm.
Preferably, the cultivating device comprises a box body, a baffle is arranged in the box body and divides the box body into two parts, a plurality of through holes are formed in the baffle, and the aperture of each through hole is adjusted according to the change of the growth stage of the catfish fries.
Preferably, the box body is provided with a clamping groove, and the baffle is arranged in the clamping groove.
The invention provides an application of beautyberry dry extract in the aspect of cultivating catfish fries, in particular to an application of beautyberry dry extract in catfish fries cultivation water, wherein the concentration of the beautyberry dry extract is at least 0.02g/L.
The invention has the beneficial effects that beautyberry is a traditional Chinese medicinal material, and leaves of beautyberry have the effects of stopping bleeding, relieving pain, removing stasis and relieving swelling; the beautyberry leaf tablet has antiinflammatory, toxic substance removing, astringing, and hemostatic effects, and can be used for treating inflammation, acute infectious hepatitis, and airway and digestive tract hemorrhage caused by bacterial infection.
At present, in order to reduce injury caused by similar residues of catfish, antibiotics are usually added, and the principle is that the antibiotics can effectively reduce bacterial infection caused by injury and improve survival rate. According to the invention, compared with the addition of common antibiotics or traditional Chinese medicinal materials with the effects of diminishing inflammation, detoxifying and the like, the dry extract of the callicarpa nudiflora can be added, and even compared with the callicarpa nudiflora leaf, the occurrence of the phenomenon of similar phase residue of catfish can be obviously reduced, so that the survival rate is effectively improved, and the experimental result shows that the survival rate is about 11.1% higher than that of a control group and 5% higher than that of a conventional anti-inflammatory medicament experimental group.
In our previous study, it was found that after 1.0mg/ml of beautyberry medicinal material is used to soak zebra fish, SVCV living body toxicity attack experiment was performed, and the result shows that the beautyberry medicinal material soaking treatment can not improve the prevention and blocking ability of zebra fish to SVCV virus and the treatment effect after SVCV infection, and reduce the survival rate after SVCV infection by intraperitoneal injection.
According to the soaking result of beautyberry medicinal materials in zebra fish, the soaking can have adverse effect on the seeds of the Chaetoceros fordii, so that the effect of beautyberry dry extract treatment cannot be directly expected.
In addition, the influence of the beautyberry soaking on the survival rate of weever fries with the same phase residue phenomenon is compared, and the effect and the antibiotic group are not obviously different, and the weever survival rate can be improved by about 5 percent and is lower than 11.1 percent of that of the clarias fuscus. This suggests that beautyberry may have special effects in the clarias fuscus.
According to the invention, the baffles with different sizes and apertures are used for separating catfish with different sizes, so that catfish in the same environment have basically equivalent sizes, the similar phase residue of the catfish can be effectively reduced, and the survival rate is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a baffle plate according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1 box, 2 draw-in groove, 3 baffles, 4 through-holes.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the present invention; unless otherwise specifically indicated, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or may be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1: test of optimal screening pore diameters of different specifications of clarias fuscus
1. Materials and methods
(1) Seed and baffle
The seeds of the silurus meridionalis are obtained by feeding the seeds of the silurus meridionalis by a conventional method; the water tank for cultivation adopts a thickened cowhells plastic water tank with the inner diameter length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height of 93 cm multiplied by 63 cm multiplied by 82 cm, namely a tank body 1, 2 plastic plates with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height of 1cm multiplied by 1 multiplied by cm multiplied by 1cm are adhered to each side surface of the water tank width by glue, and the width between the two plastic plates is 1.05-1.1 cm, namely a clamping groove 2, and the two plastic plates are used for fixing a baffle 3; the baffle 3 is made of 1cm thick organic glass, has the same width and the same height as the inner diameter of the water tank, and is provided with a sieve hole, namely a through hole 4, at intervals of 10 cm.
(2) Different diameter sieve mesh sorting effect contrast cultivation experiment
1) Counting the head width of the clarias fuscus with the specification sizes of 2-3 cm,5-6 cm and 8-9 cm;
2) According to the head width data of the different specifications of the clarias fuscus, 3 groups of sieve holes with different diameters are respectively designed for each specification of offspring seeds, wherein the sieve hole diameters of 2-3 cm specification groups are respectively 0.32-0.33 cm,0.35-0.36 cm and 0.39-0.40 cm; the sieve pore diameters of the 5-6 cm specification groups are 0.74-0.75 cm,0.78-0.79 cm and 0.81-0.482 cm respectively; the mesh diameters of the 8-9 cm specification groups are 1.17-1.18 cm,1.20-1.21 cm and 1.24-1.25 cm respectively;
3) Adding 200-300L of water into an experimental water tank, inserting a baffle, randomly selecting the 200 tails of fries with corresponding specifications, respectively placing the fries into one side of the water tank, counting fries with the body length of the other side of the baffle being less than or equal to the average body length of all the fishes in the tank after 48 h, and comparing the sorting effects of the sieve pore baffles with different diameters in the same fries specification group with the proportion of fries with the body length being greater than the average body length in the corresponding groups.
Experimental results
Head width data of the different specifications of the clarias fuscus offspring are shown in table 1. The sorting effect of the sieve pore baffles with different diameters in the seedlings with different specifications is shown in Table 2, and experimental results show that the sorting effect is best in the specification groups of 2-3 cm,5-6 cm and 8-9 cm by respectively selecting 0.35-0.36 cm,0.78-0.79 cm and 1.20-1.21 cm.
TABLE 1 head width statistics for different sizes of Dongqian catfish offspring
| Specification of specification | Average head width | Head wide range |
| 2-3 cm group 1 | 0.35 cm | 0.28-0.42 cm |
| 5-6 cm group 1 | 0.78 cm | 0.71-0.85 |
| Group | ||
| 3 of 8-9 cm | 1.20 cm | 1.13-1.28 cm |
TABLE 2 sorting effects of different diameter Screen mesh baffles in different groups
| Group of | Diameter of sieve mesh | The body length is not more than the average body length fish fry proportion | The body length is larger than the average body length fish fry proportion |
| 2-3 cm group 1 | 0.32-0.33 cm | 23.7% | 0.0% |
| |
0.35-0.36 cm | 95.3% | 0.7% |
| Group 2-3 |
0.39-0.40 cm | 75.7% | 23.0% |
| 5-6 cm group 1 | 0.74-0.75 cm | 21.7% | 0.0% |
| 5-6 |
0.78-0.79 cm | 96.7% | 0.3% |
| 5-6 |
0.81-0.482 cm | 77.7% | 23.3% |
| 8-9 cm group 1 | 1.17-1.18 cm | 24.3% | 0.0% |
| 8-9 |
1.20-1.21 cm | 98.7% | 0.0% |
| |
1.24 -1.25 cm | 73.3% | 20.7% |
Example 2: test of effective and safe concentration of Callicarpa nudiflora treatment
1. Materials and methods
(1) Seed and beautyberry raw material and beautyberry dry extract
The seeds of the silurus meridionalis are self-bred in a laboratory and are obtained by a conventional artificial induced spawning method; the beautyberry raw material and the beautyberry dry extract are produced by Jiuzhitang limited company in Hunan province, the raw material is obtained by crushing beautyberry leaves, and the dry extract preparation method refers to 2015 edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia, namely the beautyberry dry extract (each 1g of dry extract is equivalent to 5g of the raw material).
(2) Comparative culture experiments
1) The cultivation water tank adopts a thickened cowhells plastic water tank with the inner diameter length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height of 93 multiplied by 63 multiplied by 82 cm, 300 percent L of water is injected, 3 g,6 g and 9 g of dry extract of the callicarpa nudiflora are respectively added into the experimental group of dry extract of the callicarpa nudiflora according to the proportion, so that the concentration of the callicarpa nudiflora in the water body is 0.01g/L, 0.02g/L and 0.03 g/L in sequence; 15g,30g and 45g of crushed callicarpa nudiflora raw material are respectively added into the experimental group of callicarpa nudiflora raw material according to a proportion, so that the concentration of the raw material is 0.05 g/L,0.10 g/L and 0.15 g/L; the control group is not added with beautyberry, the levofloxacin hydrochloride experimental group is added with levofloxacin hydrochloride, and the compound houttuynia cordata tablet experimental group is added with compound houttuynia cordata tablet.
2) And adding the same batch of produced membrane-outlet seeds of the clarias fuscus 3 days later into each box of the control group and each experimental group respectively.
3) Feeding artemia mainly 3 times per day in 1-20 days after adding the fries, wherein the feeding amount is not less than 10% of the weight of the fish; after 20 days, the seedlings grow to 2-3 cm, and the seedlings with different sizes are separated by adopting a screen with the aperture of 0.35-0.36 cm and are respectively placed in different water tanks for cultivation.
4) Continuously culturing the seedlings selected in the step 3), mainly feeding tubificidae 3 times a day, wherein the feeding amount is not less than 8% of the weight of the fish; when the fish fry grows to 5-6 cm, screening out individuals with different sizes by adopting a screen with the aperture of 0.78-0.80 cm according to the same method, and respectively placing the individuals into different water tanks for cultivation.
5) Continuously culturing the seedlings screened in the step 4), mainly feeding tubificidae and minced fresh minced fish, screening out individuals with different sizes by adopting a screen with the aperture of 1.20-1.21cm according to the same method, respectively placing the individuals into different water tanks for culturing, counting the survival rate of the seedlings when the seedlings are all grown to be more than 10 cm in length, and comparing the survival rates of each experimental group with the control group.
(3) Experimental results:
the survival rates of the seedlings of the Chariopsis cumingii in the control group and the test group are shown in Table 3, and the lowest effective concentration of the beautyberry treatment is 0.02g/L (beautyberry/water volume).
TABLE 3 survival rate of Callicarpa nudiflora and Chaetoceros seedlings after treatment with common antimicrobial
| Group of | Concentration in water (g/L) | Initial experimental fish tail number | 10 Survival rate of seedlings above cm |
| Control group | 0 | 300 | 50.1% |
| Callicarpa nudiflora drug experiment group 1 | 0.05g/L | 300 | 47.5% |
| Callicarpa nudiflora medicinal |
0.1g/L | 300 | 44.3% |
| Callicarpa nudiflora medicinal |
0.15g/L | 300 | 40.8% |
| Callicarpa nudiflora experiment group 1 | 0.01 | 300 | 55.4% |
| Callicarpa |
0.02 | 300 | 61.2% |
| Callicarpa |
0.03 | 300 | 59.6% |
| Levofloxacin hydrochloride experimental group 1 | 0.01 | 300 | 49.6% |
| Levofloxacin hydrochloride |
0.02 | 300 | 55.4% |
| Levofloxacin hydrochloride |
0.03 | 300 | 52.3% |
| Compound houttuynia cordata tablet experiment group 1 | 0.01 | 300 | 49.8% |
| Compound houttuynia cordata |
0.02 | 300 | 50.6% |
| Compound houttuynia cordata |
0.03 | 300 | 43.6% |
The survival rate of the experimental fish in the levofloxacin hydrochloride treatment group with the concentration of 0.01g/L is slightly lower than that in the control group, but the difference is not obvious and can be caused by experimental errors.
The survival rate of experimental fish after treatment of the compound houttuynia cordata is lower than that of a control group, which is probably due to the fact that the components of the compound traditional Chinese medicine preparation are relatively more complex, some unknown components can have certain side effects on the fries, so that the survival rate of the fries is reduced, and the phenomenon that the survival rate of the fries is reduced along with the increase of the concentration of the medicines can be explained.
The results of comparing the effects of the raw callicarpa nudiflora and the dry extract show that the soaking of callicarpa nudiflora with different concentrations also reduces the survival rate (2.6% -9.3%) of the seedlings of the clarias fusca, which shows that the direct soaking of callicarpa nudiflora can have certain toxic and side effects on catfish.
In the breeding process, compared with the levofloxacin hydrochloride and compound houttuynia cordata tablet experimental group, experimental fish in the beautyberry processing group are more dislike to gather, so that the probability of mutual contact of the experimental fish is reduced, the probability of similar phase residues is possibly reduced, and the survival rate of offspring seeds is further improved. Regarding the reason why beautyberry leads to unfavorable aggregation of the clarias fusca, it is possible that some components in the dry extract in beautyberry influence the behavior of the clarias fusca, and a specific mechanism is still to be further studied.
Example 3: test of artificial sorting and baffle sorting cultivation effects
1. Experimental materials and methods
(1) Seed, cultivation box, baffle and callicarpa nudiflora
The seeds of the Chaetoceros necatrix were self-bred in the laboratory, the culture water tank and the baffle were the same as those in example 1, and the sources of Callicarpa nudiflora were as described in example 2.
(2) Comparative culture experiments
1) Injecting 300-L into a culture water tank, adding 6-g dry extract of callicarpa nudiflora into the water body to enable the concentration of callicarpa nudiflora in the water body to be 0.02-g/L, and after the seedlings reach corresponding specifications, separating groups with different sizes by a manual separation method for culture, and transferring an experimental group into the water tank with a baffle of corresponding specifications for separation and culture, wherein the baffle and callicarpa nudiflora are not added into the control group.
2) And adding the produced membrane-outlet seeds of the same batch into each box of the control group and the experimental group for 3 days.
3) Feeding artemia mainly 3 times per day in 1-20 days after adding the fries, wherein the feeding amount is not less than 10% of the weight of the fish; after 20 days, the body length of the fries is 2-3 cm, the experimental fries of the control group are separated by a screen mesh with the aperture of 0.35-0.36 cm, and are respectively placed in different water tanks for cultivation, and the experimental fries are directly transferred into a cultivation tank with a baffle with the aperture of 0.35-0.36 cm for cultivation.
4) Continuously culturing the seedlings selected in the step 3), mainly feeding tubificidae 3 times a day, wherein the feeding amount is not less than 8% of the weight of the fish; when the fish fry grows to 5-6 cm, the experimental fish of the control group are separated by the sieve with the aperture of 0.78-0.79 cm to separate the different seedlings, and are respectively placed in different water tanks for cultivation, and the experimental fish fry are directly transferred into a cultivation tank with sieve pore baffles with the diameter of 0.78-0.79 cm for cultivation.
5) Continuously culturing the fries screened in the step 4), mainly feeding tubificidae and minced fresh fish meat, separating the experimental fish of a control group by using a screen with the aperture of 1.20-1.21cm to obtain seedlings with different sizes after the fish fries grow to 8-9 cm, respectively culturing the experimental fish in different water tanks, and directly transferring the experimental fish fries into a culturing box with a screen hole baffle with the diameter of 1.20-1.21cm for culturing. When the seedlings grow to a body length of more than 10 and cm, the survival rate of the seedlings is counted, and the survival rates of the experimental group and the control group are compared.
(1) Experimental results:
the survival rates of the seedlings above 10 cm of the experimental group and the control group under different cultivation methods are shown in Table 4, and therefore, the survival rate of the large-size seedlings of the silurus cavernosus can be remarkably improved by adopting the isolation baffle.
Table 4 baffle screening combined with beautyberry for treatment of survival rate of large-sized seedlings of clarias fuscus
| Group of | Initial experimental fish tail number | 10 Survival rate of seedlings above cm |
| Control group | 300 | 61.2% |
| Experimental group | 300 | 83.3% |
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the discussion of any of the embodiments above is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present application is limited to such examples; combinations of features of the above embodiments or in different embodiments are also possible within the spirit of the application, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of one or more embodiments described above which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
One or more embodiments herein are intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the present application. Any omissions, modifications, equivalents, improvements, and the like, which are within the spirit and principles of the one or more embodiments in the present application, are therefore intended to be included within the scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The catfish offspring seed cultivation solution is characterized by comprising water, wherein the water contains beautyberry dry extract, and the concentration of the beautyberry dry extract is at least 0.02g/L.
2. The catfish offspring seed cultivation solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of the dry extract of beautyberry is 0.02g/L.
3. A method for cultivating catfish fries, comprising the steps of placing catfish fries in a cultivating device, wherein the cultivating device comprises the catfish fries cultivating solution according to claim 1 or 2.
4. The method for cultivating catfish fries according to claim 3, wherein a baffle plate (3) is installed in the cultivating device, through holes (4) are formed in the baffle plate (3), the cultivating device is divided into two parts by the baffle plate (3) to prevent larger individuals in catfish fries from passing through, and after catfish fries grow to a certain stage, the size of the through holes (4) in the baffle plate (3) is changed to adapt to the growth of catfish fries.
5. The method for cultivating catfish fries according to claim 4, wherein catfish fries are grown to a certain stage, and the lengths of catfish fries at different stages are 2-3 cm,5-6 cm and 8-9 cm, respectively.
6. The method for cultivating catfish fries according to claim 5, wherein the aperture of the through hole (4) is 0.35-0.36 cm when the length of the catfish fries is 2-3 cm; when the length of catfish fries is 5-6 cm, the aperture of the through hole (4) is 0.78-0.80 cm; when the length of catfish fries is 8-9 cm, the aperture of the through hole (4) is 1.20-1.21 cm.
7. The method for cultivating catfish fries according to claim 4, wherein the cultivating device comprises a box body (1), a baffle plate (3) is arranged in the box body (1), the baffle plate (3) divides the box body (1) into two parts, a plurality of through holes (4) are formed in the baffle plate (3), and the aperture of the through holes is adjusted according to the change of the growth stage of catfish fries.
8. The catfish fingerling cultivation method according to claim 7, wherein the box body (1) is provided with a clamping groove (2), and the baffle plate (3) is arranged in the clamping groove (2).
9. The application of the callicarpa nudiflora dry extract in the aspect of culturing catfish fries is characterized in that the callicarpa nudiflora dry extract is placed in water for culturing catfish fries, and the concentration of the callicarpa nudiflora dry extract is at least 0.02g/L.
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