CN103464664A - Forming method realized by once die closing and repeated local loading - Google Patents
Forming method realized by once die closing and repeated local loading Download PDFInfo
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- CN103464664A CN103464664A CN2013103779022A CN201310377902A CN103464664A CN 103464664 A CN103464664 A CN 103464664A CN 2013103779022 A CN2013103779022 A CN 2013103779022A CN 201310377902 A CN201310377902 A CN 201310377902A CN 103464664 A CN103464664 A CN 103464664A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forming method realized by once die closing and repeated local loading. The forming method comprises the specific steps of placing a heated workblank in a lower concave die; enabling an upper concave die to descend to contact with the lower concave die until the upper concave die is combined with the lower concave die, and performing the workblank in the die; repeatedly beating the workblank in a cavity locally by using an upper punch and a lower punch, and enabling the metal of the workblank in the cavity to flow along the radial direction of the cavity under the action of the punches; and gradually filling the cavity by using the workblank until the workblank is formed in the cavity. According to a once die closing and repeated local loading beating mode, the workblank is formed in an accumulated manner by repeated local loading, the weight of equipment is greatly reduced, the service life of the die is prolonged, and the dimensional accuracy of parts is the same with that of parts which are precisely formed in a closed environment. The forming method realized by once die closing and repeated local loading is an integrated innovation on equipment and technology, the material using ratio is high, the structure property is also high, the requirement on the weight of the equipment is low, materials and energy are saved, and the forming method is particularly suitable for forming complex parts such as forked branches which are difficult to form.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the metal forming technical field, be specifically related to the method for metal forge hot precision form, belong to metal precision form new method.
Background technology
A typical fork forgings (as cross axle), dish forging (as gear, inner race), claw type forging (the automobile generating pawl utmost point) etc., traditional processing mode adopts open die forging, impressing forging, and the overlap of formation is more, and stock utilization is lower; After shaping, also need following process just can reach the element precision requirement, operation is many, waste raw material.If adopt cutting working method such as some car precision components as planet and axle shaft gear, inner race, cross-bearing etc., not only stock utilization very low-on average less than 40%, and it is many to expend man-hour, production cost is high.
Progress along with technology, the metal precise forming process constantly improves, developed at present double action die forging Precision Forming Technology, block forging-in the sealing die, pass through one or two drift, unidirectional or subtend extrusion metal once-forming, obtain the near clean fine forge piece of non-trimming, this technology can make above-mentioned part by one-step be shaped and not need following process.Although this technologic material utilization rate is high, production efficiency is high, and this kind of technical equipment tonnage demand is high, and the investment of production equipment cost is large, and energy consumption is high.
Summary of the invention
In order effectively to solve in background technology the existing stock utilization of metal forming than low, the problems such as operation is many, expense raw material, equipment tonnage is large, equipment investment cost is high, energy consumption is high, the invention provides the repeatedly new method of local loading and shaping of matched moulds, adopt repeatedly local loading method, make part processing more reasonable, the manufacturing process of this type of part is innovated.
Matched moulds is the basic principle of local loading forming method repeatedly: the equipressure transmission based on power and the mobile characteristics of metal rigidity translation, to heat blank and be placed in mould, matched moulds preform (can be provided by actuating units such as inaccessible mould bases, two dynamic compressors) under the mold clamping force effect, then according to concrete part shape characteristics and forming requirements, blank in closed mould cavity is applied repeatedly to local hitting power, to blank forming.
The method makes metal local deformation and rigidity translation progressively be full of a forked type chamber with less plastic force, matched moulds repeatedly local loading and shaping technique is taken into account the dual characteristics of die forging and open die forging, having the precision of die forging and the flexibility of open die forging, is a kind of integrated innovation of equipment and technology.
A matched moulds of the present invention repeatedly local loading forming method is compared difference with block forging with multi-ram forging and is: the static pressure that block forging and multi-ram forging provide by forcing press, make blank obtain the monolithic molding of enough deflections in a stroke, equipment tonnage is large, die life is low; And the repeatedly local hitting power that this method provides by forging hammer, local deformation in accumulation blank repeated loading, thus realize the dry large progressively shaping of living of skinny device, improved die life.
The drift in the metal accurate forming method, blank hit comprises upper punch, low punch, and the shape of drift is selected according to the shape of part.
Drift is carried out local the strike to blank, and sequence of operation, active force and the cycle of drift is set according to the material of the state of metal stock blank.
A matched moulds of the present invention is local loading forming method repeatedly, and concrete forming process comprises the steps:
(1) the accurate blanking of sawing machine, heating of metal blank;
(2) blank heated is positioned in lower cavity die, and positions;
(3) upper cavity die is descending, and upper cavity die contacts with lower cavity die to closed, applies clamp force, and blank is preform in mould;
(4) drift is implemented repeatedly local the strike to the blank in die cavity, and the blank in die cavity is under the effect of drift, and blank radially die cavity flows;
(5) blank rigidity translation, progressively be full of die cavity, extremely at the die cavity internal shaping.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: matched moulds of the present invention repeatedly manufacturing process of local loading effectively combines die forging and free forging process characteristics, take equipressure transmission and rigidity translation principle is starting point, the blank part is applied to repeatedly hitting power, local loading can reduce the load-carrying area of plastic force, repeated loading can be decomposed into repeatedly small deformation amount by an aximal deformation value, open die forging equipment (forging hammer) becomes dynamic pressure (impulsive force) by static pressure, can reduce equipment tonnage and energy consumption; Be conducive to the axial branch of forming belt or the Complex Different Shape part of branch radially, make the part structure property good, stock utilization is high.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is cylinder blank schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is cross axle part schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 matched moulds preform of the present invention schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is of the present invention applies local hitting power shaping schematic diagram first.
Fig. 5 secondary of the present invention applies local hitting power shaping schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is metal flow principle schematic of the present invention.
The 1-upper punch, 2-upper cavity die, 3-lower cavity die, 4-low punch, 5-blank.
The specific embodiment
Method for a better understanding of the present invention, describe below in conjunction with cross axle part forming process, should understand specific embodiment and not form the restriction to institute of the present invention protection domain.
A. as shown in Figure 1, according to the size of part and the principle of constancy of volume, the bar of employing sawing machine blanking (size:
d=65,
h=48mm), and to it be heated to 1150 ℃.
B. as shown in Figure 3, at first the blank 5 heated is put into to lower cavity die 3, blank 5 is had good positioning in die cavity, and blank 5 bottoms contact with low punch 4, in hitting power
f preformeffect under, upper cavity die 2 is simultaneously descending with upper punch 1, and relative motion does not occur between the two, upper punch 1 at first with blank 5 on end in contact, upper punch 1 is synchronizeed with upper cavity die 2 and is moved downward until upper cavity die 2 while contacting with lower cavity die 3, and cross axle matched moulds preform step completes.Then, upper cavity die 2 and the mould of lower cavity die 3 are applied to clamp force
f locked mode, ready for apply partial plastic forming power next time.
C. as shown in Figure 4, keeping the preform stage to upper cavity die 2 and lower cavity die 3 clamp force that applies
f locked modeunder condition, and all relative motion can occur applying the partial plastic forming power stage between upper punch 1 and upper cavity die 1, between low punch 4 and lower cavity die 3.Now upper punch 1 is applied
f partial plastic formingactive force, low punch 4 just also can apply a reaction force to blank, under the active force of the two, realize blank 5 is applied to partial plastic forming power, because pressurized blank 5 is followed isobaric the transmission and rigidity translation rule, in upper cavity die 2 and lower cavity die 3 middle part die cavities, metal, under local power effect, realizes that metal is to radially die cavity is mobile.When upper cavity die 2 and upper punch 1 stroke reach certain value, the local forming process of hitting finishes for the first time.
D. as shown in Figure 5, according to forging filling situation, repeatedly local strike of continuing the c step is shaped, until forging is full of a forked type chamber, forming process finishes.
As shown in Figure 6, while implementing the local loading active force, the arrow direction is the blank mobility status, wherein the metal between upper and lower drift is the local deformation district, radially the metal in die cavity is rigidity translation district, drift and metal flow position when in figure, dotted line is the matched moulds preform, drift and metal flow position when double dot dash line is shaped for applying first local hitting power, dotted line is secondary drift and metal flow position when applying local hitting power and being shaped, and metal is progressively to complete the filling of die cavity under local deformation and the parallel acting in conjunction of rigidity as seen from the figure.
As shown in Figure 2, metal blank 5 repeatedly in local loading and shaping technique, finally forms cross axle part schematic diagram at a matched moulds of the present invention.
A matched moulds of the present invention is local loading and shaping technique repeatedly, local loading can reduce the load-carrying area of plastic force, repeated loading can be decomposed into repeatedly small deformation amount by an aximal deformation value, open die forging equipment (forging hammer) becomes impulsive force by static pressure, realize reducing the equipment tonnage requirement, isobaric transmission and rigidity translation rule can make the complex parts near-net-shape, and stock utilization is high, saved a large amount of materials, and structure property is good.The production of Complex Different Shape part of fork is particularly suitable for drawing money on credit.
Claims (3)
1. matched moulds local loading forming method repeatedly, its step comprises: the accurate blanking of sawing machine, heating of metal blank, matched moulds preform, the repeatedly local accumulation forming that hits; It is characterized in that:
(1) blank heated is positioned in lower cavity die, and positions;
(2) upper cavity die is descending, and upper cavity die contacts with lower cavity die to closed, applies clamp force, and blank is preform in mould;
(3) drift is implemented repeatedly local the strike to the blank in die cavity, and the blank in die cavity is under the effect of drift, and blank radially die cavity flows;
(4) blank rigidity translation, progressively be full of die cavity, extremely at the die cavity internal shaping.
2. a matched moulds according to claim 1 local loading forming method repeatedly, it is characterized in that: described drift comprises upper punch, low punch, the shape of drift is selected according to the shape of part.
3. a matched moulds according to claim 1 local loading forming method repeatedly, it is characterized in that: described upper punch, low punch are carried out local the strike to blank, and sequence of operation, active force and the cycle of drift is set according to the state of metal blank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310377902.2A CN103464664B (en) | 2013-08-27 | 2013-08-27 | Forming method realized by once die closing and repeated local loading |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310377902.2A CN103464664B (en) | 2013-08-27 | 2013-08-27 | Forming method realized by once die closing and repeated local loading |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103464664A true CN103464664A (en) | 2013-12-25 |
| CN103464664B CN103464664B (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109732026A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-10 | 武汉重工铸锻有限责任公司 | Mold and usage for local die forging both ends abnormity connecting rod |
| CN112296111A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-02-02 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Plastic forming method of large-scale complex special-shaped structural part |
| CN118720039A (en) * | 2024-08-30 | 2024-10-01 | 浙江杰德机械科技有限公司 | Gear steel for wind driven generator |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5858952A (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1983-04-07 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Precision closed forging method |
| JPH03138045A (en) * | 1989-08-17 | 1991-06-12 | Komatsu Ltd | Method for forming parts having flange |
| CN101972829A (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2011-02-16 | 谢振杨 | Semi-closed forging device for universal joint and forging method thereof |
| CN102248102A (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2011-11-23 | 西北工业大学 | Method for integrally forming aluminum alloy equal-diameter three-way member |
| CN202143928U (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2012-02-15 | 江西省安源万向实业有限公司 | Novel cross-axle prestressing closed forging die |
-
2013
- 2013-08-27 CN CN201310377902.2A patent/CN103464664B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5858952A (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1983-04-07 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Precision closed forging method |
| JPH03138045A (en) * | 1989-08-17 | 1991-06-12 | Komatsu Ltd | Method for forming parts having flange |
| CN101972829A (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2011-02-16 | 谢振杨 | Semi-closed forging device for universal joint and forging method thereof |
| CN102248102A (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2011-11-23 | 西北工业大学 | Method for integrally forming aluminum alloy equal-diameter three-way member |
| CN202143928U (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2012-02-15 | 江西省安源万向实业有限公司 | Novel cross-axle prestressing closed forging die |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 柏立敬等: "三通件的多向挤压成形数值模拟研究", 《有色金属加工》, vol. 37, no. 2, 30 April 2008 (2008-04-30), pages 32 - 35 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109732026A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-10 | 武汉重工铸锻有限责任公司 | Mold and usage for local die forging both ends abnormity connecting rod |
| CN109732026B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2023-10-20 | 武汉重工铸锻有限责任公司 | Die for partially die forging special-shaped connecting rod with two ends and use method |
| CN112296111A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-02-02 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Plastic forming method of large-scale complex special-shaped structural part |
| CN112296111B (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2022-07-22 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Plastic forming method of large-scale complex special-shaped structural part |
| CN118720039A (en) * | 2024-08-30 | 2024-10-01 | 浙江杰德机械科技有限公司 | Gear steel for wind driven generator |
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| CN103464664B (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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Effective date of registration: 20231025 Address after: 213331 Zhennan industrial concentration area, Daibu Town, Liyang City, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: CHANGZHOU BONI SPECIAL STEEL PIPE Co.,Ltd. Address before: 212013 No. 301, Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Patentee before: JIANGSU University |