CN102076670B - 调节g蛋白偶联受体的化合物和方法 - Google Patents
调节g蛋白偶联受体的化合物和方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102076670B CN102076670B CN2009801243525A CN200980124352A CN102076670B CN 102076670 B CN102076670 B CN 102076670B CN 2009801243525 A CN2009801243525 A CN 2009801243525A CN 200980124352 A CN200980124352 A CN 200980124352A CN 102076670 B CN102076670 B CN 102076670B
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Abstract
本发明提供了化合物、包含所述化合物的药物组合物和使用所述化合物治疗或预防与G蛋白偶联受体、特别是与G蛋白偶联受体120有关或由其介导的疾病或障碍的方法。
Description
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求在35U.S.C.119(e)条款下,于2008年6月24日提交的序号为61/075,094的美国临时申请的优先权,将其全部内容并入本文作为参考并用于所有目的。
发明领域
本发明涉及化合物、包含所述化合物的药物组合物以及使用所述化合物治疗或预防与G蛋白偶联受体有关或由其介导的疾病或病症的方法。
发明背景
G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)构成了一类负责细胞内信号转导的蛋白质的重要类型。通过将配体与GPCR的细胞外部分结合,信号在细胞内被转导,引起细胞的生物学或生理学性质的改变。GPCR以及G-蛋白和效应器(由G-蛋白调节的细胞内的酶和通道)是模块信号转导系统的组分,该系统将细胞内第二信使状态与细胞外输入信号连接。
GPCR基因和基因产物是疾病潜在的病因物质。例如,已经显示出视紫质基因和V2血管加压素受体基因中的特定缺陷引起多种形式的色素性视网膜炎和肾源性尿崩症。这些受体对于中枢神经系统和外周生理过程都是很重要的。
发明概述
本发明提供了化合物及其药物组合物,其是G蛋白偶联受体的有效调节剂。在某些实施方案中,所述化合物和药物组合物是G蛋白偶联受体120的有效调节剂。
一方面,本发明所提供的化合物,及其可药用的盐、可药用的溶剂化物(例如水合物)、N-氧化物衍生物、前药衍生物、被保护的衍生物、单个异构体和异构体混合物,具有式(I)的结构:
其中:
n选自0、1、2、3和4;
A选自:
其中:
R8选自H、C1-4烷基,以及任选被1-3个独立地选自卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基的基团取代的苯基;
R9选自C1-6烷基、卤代C1-4烷基和-X1R10;其中X1是键或C1-4亚烷基;R10是C3-8环烷基;
R1选自-COOH、-SO3H和四唑基;
R2选自卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基;
R3、R4、R5、R6或R7独立地选自H、氰基、羟基、硝基、卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷氧基、X2OR11、-X2NR12R13、-X2R11、-X2OX3R11和-X2OX3OR11;其中X2选自键和C1-4亚烷基;X3是C1-4亚烷基;R11选自C1-6烷基、杂芳基和芳基,其各自任选被1-3个独立地选自卤素、氰基、羟基、硝基、氨基、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基的基团取代;R12和R13独立地选自H和C1-6烷基;或
R3和R4或R5和R6各自独立地是C1-4烷基,且与其所连接的碳原子可以一起构成苯环(由此组合成的稠合双环基团为喹啉基);其中所述R3和R4或R5和R6的组合的苯基任选被1-3个独立地选自氰基、氨基、羟基、硝基、卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基的基团取代;
或其可药用的盐。
在上述化合物的某些实施方案中,所述化合物具有式(Ia)的结构:
其中:
n选自0、1、2、3和4;
R8选自H、C1-4烷基,以及任选被1-3个独立地选自卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基的基团取代的苯基;
R9选自C1-6烷基、卤代C1-4烷基和-X1R10;其中X1是键或C1-4亚烷基;R10是C3-8环烷基;
R1选自-COOH、-SO3H和四唑基;
每个R2独立地选自卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基;
R3、R4、R5、R6或R7独立地选自H、氰基、羟基、硝基、卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷氧基、X2OR11、-X2NR12R13、-X2R11、-X2OX3R11和-X2OX3OR11;其中X2选自键和C1-4亚烷基;X3是C1-4亚烷基;R11选自C1-6烷基、杂芳基和芳基,其各自任选被1-3个独立地选自卤素、氰基、羟基、硝基、氨基、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基的基团取代;R12和R13独立地选自H和C1-6烷基;或
R3和R4或R5和R6各自独立地是C1-4烷基,且与其所连接的碳原子可以一起构成苯环;其中所述R3和R4或R5和R6的组合的苯基任选被1-3个独立地选自氰基、氨基、羟基、硝基、卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基的基团取代;
或其可药用的盐。
在上述化合物的某些实施方案中,所述化合物是其中R8是H或C1-4烷基的化合物。
在上述化合物的某些实施方案中,每个R2独立地为卤素,而在上述化合物的其他实施方案中,每个R2独立地选自氟和溴。
在上述化合物的某些实施方案中,所述化合物具有式(Ib)的结构:
在上述化合物的某些实施方案中,所述化合物具有式(Ic)或式(Id)的结构:
在上述化合物的某些实施方案中,所述化合物选自:
(Z)-4-(4-(3-氰基苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-5-甲基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(3-氟苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(3-溴苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2,5-二氯苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-苯氧基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-N-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基)-4-(2H-四唑-5-基)苯胺,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)-2,3-二氟苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-(三氟甲基)苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(3-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)-2-氟苯甲酸,
(Z)-2-溴-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-苯基-3-丙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-异丙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(3-羟基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2-溴-5-羟基苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(3-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-(环丙基甲基)-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-仲丁基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-(2,2-二氟乙基)-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-苯基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)-2,3,5,6-四氟苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(3-(苄氧基)苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(3-(吡啶-2-基甲氧基)苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(3-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2-氯苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(3-氯苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(3-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2-氯苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(3-氯苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2,6-二氯苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2,3-二氯苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(萘-1-基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(萘-2-基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2-溴苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2-氨基苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-硝基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-(甲基氨基)苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2-(二甲基氨基)苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(3-溴苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-羟基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(3-氰基苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(5-溴-2-羟基苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
3-(1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)苯甲酸,
3-(4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)苯甲酸,
3-(4-对甲苯基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)苯甲酸,
3-(4-(4-(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)苯甲酸,
3-(4-(4-氯苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)苯甲酸,
3-(4-(2-氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)苯甲酸,
3-(4-(4-乙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)苯甲酸,
3-(4-(2,4-二氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)苯甲酸,
3-(4-(4-溴苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)苯甲酸,
3-(1-(4-异丙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)苯甲酸,
3-(4-(4-乙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-5-甲氧基苯甲酸,
3-(4-(4-乙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-5-氟苯甲酸,
3-(1-(2-氟-4-甲基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)苯甲酸,
5-(4-(4-乙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-2-氟苯甲酸,和
3-(4-(4-乙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-4-氟苯甲酸。
另一方面,本发明提供了包含治疗有效量的任意前述化合物和可药用载体的药物组合物。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物组合物被制成静脉内施用、肌内施用、口服施用、直肠施用、吸入、经鼻施用、局部施用、眼部施用或耳部施用。
在某些实施方案中,所述药物组合物的形式选自片剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、液体、吸入剂、鼻腔喷雾溶液、栓剂、溶液剂、乳剂、软膏剂、滴眼剂和滴耳剂。
在某些实施方案中,上述药物组合物还包含一种或多种其他治疗剂。
另一方面,本发明提供了治疗涉及GPR120调节的疾病或病症的药剂,其中所述药剂包括治疗有效量的任意前述化合物。在所述药剂的某些实施方案中,所述疾病或病症选自糖尿病、肥胖、糖尿病(diabetes mellitus)、血脂异常、高脂血症、厌食症、食欲过盛、内分泌异常、甘油三酯贮积病、巴比二氏综合征、劳-穆综合征、普-拉-威综合征和恶病质。
另一方面,本发明提供了任意前述化合物在制备治疗涉及GPR120调节的疾病或病症的药剂中的用途。
另一方面,本发明提供了在某一系统或个体中调节GPR120的方法,其中所述方法包括向所述系统或个体施用治疗有效量的任意前述化合物或其可药用的盐或药物组合物,其中所述化合物调节系统或个体中的GPR120。在所述方法的某些实施方案中,所述系统或个体是细胞或组织系统或人或动物个体。在所述方法的某些实施方案中,所述化合物是GPR120激动剂。
另一方面,本发明提供了治疗涉及GPR120调节的疾病或病症的方法,包括向需要所述治疗的系统或个体施用有效量的任意前述化合物或其可药用的盐或药物组合物,由此治疗所述疾病或病症。在所述方法的某些实施方案中,所述系统或个体是细胞或组织系统或人或动物个体。在所述方法的某些实施方案中,所述化合物是GPR120激动剂。在所述方法的某些实施方案中,所述疾病或病症选自糖尿病、肥胖、糖尿病(diabetes mellitus)、血脂异常、高脂血症、厌食症、食欲过盛、内分泌异常、甘油三酯贮积病、巴比二氏综合征、劳-穆综合征、普-拉-威综合征和恶病质。在所述方法的某些实施方案中,所述疾病或病症是自体免疫疾病。在所述方法的某些实施方案中,所述自体免疫疾病是风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、特发性血小板减少性紫癜、溶血性贫血或银屑病。
另一方面,本发明提供了用于医学治疗方法的化合物,其中所述医学治疗方法用于治疗涉及GPR120调节的疾病或病症,其中所述疾病或病症选自糖尿病、肥胖、糖尿病(diabetes mellitus)、血脂异常、高脂血症、厌食症、食欲过盛、内分泌异常、甘油三酯贮积病、巴比二氏综合征、劳-穆综合征、普-拉-威综合征、恶病质、风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、特发性血小板减少性紫癜、溶血性贫血和银屑病,其中所述化合物是本文提供的式(I)的化合物。
发明详述
定义
本文所用术语“链烯基”或“链烯”是指部分不饱和的支链或直链烃,具有至少1个碳碳双键。双键定向的原子为顺式(Z)或反式(E)构型。在某些实施方案中,链烯基或链烯基团被任选的取代。本文所用术语″C2-C3链烯基″、″C2-C4链烯基″、″C2-C5链烯基″、″C2-C6链烯基″、″C2-C7链烯基″和″C2-C8链烯基″分别指含有至少2个,至多3、4、5、6、7或8个碳原子的链烯基。本文所用的链烯基的非限制性实例包括乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基、庚烯基、辛烯基、壬烯基、癸烯基等。本文所用术语″C2-C3链烯″、″C2-C4链烯″、″C2-C5链烯″、″C2-C6链烯″、″C2-C7链烯″和″C2-C8链烯″分别指含有至少2个,至多3、4、5、6、7或8个碳原子的链烯。链烯的非限制性实例包括乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、戊烯、己烯、庚烯、辛烯、壬烯、癸烯等。
本文所用术语“亚链烯基”是指衍生自链烯基的部分不饱和支链或直链的二价烃基。在某些实施方案中,亚链烯基被任选的取代。本文所用术语″C2-C3亚链烯基″、″C2-C4亚链烯基″、″C2-C5亚链烯基″、″C2-C6亚链烯基″、″C2-C7亚链烯基″和″C2-C8亚链烯基″分别指含有至少2个,至多3、4、5、6、7或8个碳原子的亚链烯基。亚链烯基的非限制性实例包括亚乙烯基、亚丙烯基、亚丁烯基、亚戊烯基、亚己烯基、亚庚烯基、亚辛烯基、亚壬烯基、亚癸烯基等。
本文所用术语“烷基”是指饱和的支链或直链烃。在某些实施方案中,烷基是任选取代的。本文所用术语″C1-C3烷基″,″C1-C4烷基″、″C1-C5烷基″、″C1-C6烷基″、″C1-C7烷基″和″C1-C8烷基″分别指含有至少1个,至多3、4、5、6、7或8个碳原子的烷基。本文中,烷基的非限制性实例包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基等。
本文所用术语“亚烷基”是指衍生自烷基的饱和支链或直链二价烃基。在某些实施方案中,所述亚烷基是任选取代的。本文所用术语″C1-C3亚烷基″、″C1-C4亚烷基″、″C1-C5亚烷基″、″C1-C6亚烷基″、″C1-C7亚烷基″和″C1-C8亚烷基″分别指含有至少1个,至多3、4、5、6、7或8个碳原子的亚烷基。本文中,亚烷基的非限制性实例包括亚甲基、亚乙基、亚正丙基、亚异丙基、亚正丁基、亚异丁基、亚仲丁基、亚叔丁基、亚正戊基、亚异戊基、亚己基等。
本文所用术语“炔基”或“炔”是指部分不饱和的支链或直链烃,具有至少1个碳碳叁键。在某些实施方案中,炔基或炔被任选取代。本文所用术语″C2-C3炔基″、″C2-C4炔基″、″C2-C5炔基″、″C2-C6炔基″、″C2-C7炔基″和″C2-C8炔基″分别指含有至少2个,至多3、4、5、6、7或8个碳原子的炔基。本文中,炔基的非限制性实例包括乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基、己炔基、庚炔基、辛炔基、壬炔基、癸炔基等。本文所用术语:″C2-C3炔″、″C2-C4炔″、″C2-C5炔″、″C2-C6炔″、″C2-C7炔″和″C2-C8炔″分别指含有至少2个,至多3、4、5、6、7或8个碳原子的炔。炔的非限制性实例包括乙炔、丙炔、丁炔、戊炔、己炔、庚炔、辛炔、壬炔、癸炔等。
本文所用术语“亚炔基”是指衍生自炔基的部分不饱和支链或直链的二价烃基。在某些实施方案中,亚炔基被任选的取代。本文所用术语″C2-C3亚炔基″、″C2-C4亚炔基″、″C2-C5亚炔基″、″C2-C6亚炔基″、″C2-C7亚炔基″和″C2-C8亚炔基″分别指含有至少2个,至多3、4、5、6、7或8个碳原子的亚炔基。亚炔基的非限制性实例包括亚乙炔基、亚丙炔基、亚丁炔基、亚戊炔基、亚己炔基、亚庚炔基、亚辛炔基、亚壬炔基、亚癸炔基等。
本文所用术语“烷氧基”是指基团-ORa,,其中Ra是本文所定义的烷基。在某些实施方案中,烷氧基被任选的取代。本文所用术语″C1-C3烷氧基″、″C1-C4烷氧基″、″C1-C5烷氧基″、″C1-C6烷氧基″、″C1-C7烷氧基″和″C1-C8烷氧基″是指这样的烷氧基,其中烷基部分含有至少1个,至多3、4、5、6、7或8个碳原子。本文中,烷氧基的非限制性实例包括甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、叔丁氧基、戊氧基、己氧基、庚氧基、辛氧基、壬氧基、癸氧基等。
本文所用术语“芳基”是指单环、双环和三环系统,其具有总共5-14个环原子,其中所述系统中至少一个环是芳族的,并且系统中环各含有3-7个环原子。在某些实施方案中,芳基任选被1个或多个取代基所取代。本文中,芳基的非限制性实例包括苯基、萘基、芴基、茚基、薁基、蒽基等。
本文所用术语“亚芳基”是指衍生自芳基的二价基团。在某些实施方案中,所述亚芳基被任选的取代。
本文所用术语“氰基”是指-CN基团。
本文所用术语“环烷基”是指饱和或部分不饱和的单环、稠合双环、稠合三环或桥连的多环集合。本文所用术语″C3-C5环烷基″、″C3-C6环烷基″、″C3-C7环烷基″、″C3-C8环烷基”、″C3-C9环烷基和″C3-C10环烷基”是指这样的环烷基,其中所述饱和或部分不饱和的单环、稠合双环或桥连的多环集合含有至少3个,至多5、6、7、8、9或10个碳原子。在某些实施方案中,所述环烷基任选被取代。本文中,环烷基的非限制性实例包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、环辛基、环壬基、环癸基、环戊烯基、环己烯基、十氢萘基、2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢-1H-茚基等。
本文所用术语“卤素”是指氟(F)、氯(Cl)、溴(Br)或碘(I)。
本文所用术语“卤代”是指卤素基团:氟代(-F)、氯代(-Cl)、溴代(-Br)或碘代(-I)。
本文所用术语“卤代烷基”或“卤素取代的烷基”是指被一个或多个卤素基团取代的本文所定义的烷基,其中所述卤素基团相同或不同。在某些实施方案中,卤代烷基被任选的取代。本文中,所述支链或直链卤代烷基的非限制性实例包括被一个或多个卤素基团取代的甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、异丁基和正丁基,其中所述卤素基团相同或不同,包括但不限于三氟甲基、五氟乙基等。
本文所用术语“卤代链烯基”或“卤素取代的链烯基”是指被一个或多个卤素基团取代的本文所定义的链烯基,其中所述卤素基团相同或不同。在某些实施方案中,卤代链烯基被任选的取代。本文中,所述支链或直链卤代链烯基的非限制性实例包括被一个或多个卤素基团取代的乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基、庚烯基、辛烯基、壬烯基、癸烯基等,其中所述卤素基团相同或不同。
本文所用术语“卤代炔基”或“卤素取代的炔基”是指被一个或多个卤素基团取代的本文所定义的炔基,其中所述卤素基团相同或不同。在某些实施方案中,卤代炔基被任选的取代。本文中,所述支链或直链卤代炔基的非限制性实例包括被一个或多个卤素基团取代的乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基、己炔基、庚炔基、辛炔基、壬炔基、癸炔基等,其中所述卤素基团相同或不同。
本文所用术语“卤代烷氧基”是指被一个或多个卤素基团取代的本文所定义的烷氧基,其中所述卤素基团相同或不同。在某些实施方案中,卤代烷氧基被任选的取代。本文中,所述支链或直链卤代烷氧基的非限制性实例包括被一个或多个卤素基团取代的甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、叔丁氧基、戊氧基、己氧基、庚氧基、辛氧基、壬氧基、癸氧基等,其中所述卤素基团相同或不同。
本文所用术语“杂烷基”是指如本文所定义的烷基,其中一个或多个碳原子独立地被一个或多个氧、硫、氮或其组合替换。
本文所用术语“杂芳基”是指单环、双环和三环系统,其具有总共5-14个环原子,其中所述系统中至少一个环是芳族的,系统中至少一个环含有一个或多个选自氮、氧和硫的杂原子,并且系统中各环含有3-7个环原子。在某些实施方案中,杂芳基任选被1个或多个取代基所取代。本文中,杂芳基的非限制性实例包括苯并呋喃基、苯并呋咱基、苯并唑基、苯并吡喃基、苯并噻唑基、苯并噻吩基、苯并氮杂卓基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噻喃基、苯并[1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯、苯并[b]呋喃基、苯并[b]噻吩基、噌啉基、呋咱基、呋喃基、呋喃并吡啶基、咪唑基、吲哚基、吲嗪基、二氢吲哚-2-酮、吲唑基、异吲哚基、异喹啉基、异唑基、异噻唑基、1,8-萘啶基、唑基、氧杂吲哚基、二唑基、吡唑基、吡咯基、酞嗪基、蝶啶基、嘌呤基、吡啶基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、喹喔啉基、喹啉基、喹唑啉基、4H-喹嗪基、噻唑基、噻二唑基、噻吩基、三嗪基、三唑基和四唑基。
本文所用术语“杂环烷基”是指如本文所定义的环烷基,其中一个或多个环碳原子被选自-O-、-N=、-NR-、-C(O)-、-S-、-S(O)-或-S(O)2-的部分替换,其中R是氢、C1-C4烷基或氮保护基团,条件是所述基团的环不含2个相邻的O或S原子。在某些实施方案中,杂环烷基被任选的取代。本文中,杂环烷基的非限制性实例包括吗啉代、吡咯烷基、吡咯烷基-2-酮、哌嗪基、哌啶基、哌啶基-2-酮、哌啶基-3-酮、哌啶基-4-酮、1,4-二氧杂-8-氮杂-螺[4.5]癸-8-基、2H-吡咯基、2-吡咯啉基、3-吡咯啉基、1,3-二氧戊环、2-咪唑啉基、咪唑烷基、2-吡唑啉基、吡唑烷基、1,4-二氧戊环、1,4-二噻烷基、硫吗啉基、氮杂环庚烷基、六氢-1,4-二氮杂卓基、四氢呋喃基、二氢呋喃基、四氢噻吩基、四氢吡喃基、二氢吡喃基、四氢噻喃基、噻烷基、氮杂环丁烷基、氧杂环丁烷基、硫杂环丁烷基、氧杂环庚烷基、硫杂环庚烷基、1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶基、2H-吡喃基、4H-吡喃基、二烷基、1,3-二氧戊环基、二噻烷基、二硫戊环基、二氢吡喃基、二氢噻吩基、二氢呋喃基、咪唑啉基、咪唑烷基、3-氮杂双环[3.1.0]己烷基以及3-氮杂双环[4.1.0]庚烷基。
本文所用术语“杂原子”是指一个或多个氧、硫、氮、磷或硅。
本文所用术语“羟基”是指基团-OH。
本文所用术语“羟基烷基”是指被一个或多个羟基取代的本文所定义的烷基。本文中,支链或直链“C1-C6羟基烷基”的非限制性实例包括被一个或多个羟基取代的甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、异丁基和正丁基。
本文所用术语“异氰酸基”是指-N=C=O基团。
本文所用术语“异硫氰酸基”是指-N=C=S基团。
本文所用术语“烷硫基”是指(烷基)S-基团。
本文所用术语“任选取代的”表示所述基团可被或不被一个或多个其他基团取代,所述其他基团各自独立地选自烷基、链烯基、炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环烷基、羟基、烷氧基、硫醇基、氰基、卤素、羰基、硫代羰基、异氰酸基、硫氰酸基、异硫氰酸基、硝基、全卤代烷基、全氟烷基和氨基,包括单和双取代的氨基,及其被保护的衍生物。任选取代基的非限制性实例包括卤素、-CN、=O、-OR、-C(O)R、-C(O)OR、-OC(O)R、-OC(O)OR、-C(O)NHR、-C(O)NR2、-OC(O)NHR、-OC(O)NR2、-SR-、-S(O)R、-S(O)2R、-NHR、-N(R)2、-NHC(O)R、-NRC(O)R、-NHC(O)OR、-NRC(O)OR、S(O)2NHR、-S(O)2N(R)2、-NHS(O)2、-NRS(O)2、-NHS(O)2R、-NRS(O)2R、C1-C8烷基、C1-C8烷氧基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、卤代C1-C8烷基、卤代C1-C8烷氧基,其中R各自独立地选自H、卤素、C1-C8烷基、C1-C8烷氧基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、卤代C1-C8烷基和卤代C1-C8烷氧基。所述取代基的位置和数目根据各基团公知的化合价限制确定,例如=O适合于烷基但不适合于芳基。
本文所用术语“溶剂化物”是指溶质(例如式(I)的化合物或其盐,如本文所述)和溶剂形成的可变化学计量的复合物。溶剂的非限制性实例包括水、丙酮、甲醇、乙醇和乙酸。
当涉及制剂、组合物或成分时,本文所用术语“可接受的”表示对所治疗的个体的一般健康无持续性不利效应。
主题化合物的术语“施用”表示向需要治疗的个体提供式(I)的化合物、其可药用的盐、可药用的溶剂化物或前药。
本文所用术语“载体”是指帮助本文所述的化合物进入细胞或组织的化合物或化学试剂。
本文所用的术语“共同施用”或“组合施用”等指的是包括给单一患者施用几种选择的治疗剂,并且旨在包括其中药物不必须通过相同施用途径或者在相同时间施用的治疗方案。
本文所用术语“皮肤病学病症“是指皮肤病。所述皮肤病学病症包括但不限于,增殖性或炎症性皮肤病症,例如特应性皮炎、大疱疾病、胶原性疾病、接触性皮炎湿疹、川崎病、酒渣鼻、鱼鳞癣样红皮病、光化性角化病、基底细胞癌和荨麻疹。
本文所用术语“稀释剂”是指用于稀释本发明化合物以递送的化合物。稀释剂也可用于稳定本发明化合物。
本文所用术语“有效量”或“治疗有效量”是指要施用的足够量的本发明化合物,其导致所治疗疾病或病症的一种或多种症状在一定程度上得以缓解。结果可以是疾病的体征、症状或原因的减少和/或减轻,或任何其他需要的生命系统改变。例如,用于治疗用途的“有效量”是提供临床显著的疾病症状减少的包含本发明化合物的组合物的量。任何个案中合适的“有效量”可使用诸如剂量递增研究的技术确定。
本文所用术语“增强”表示增加或延长所需效应的效价或持续时间。因此,涉及增强治疗剂的效应时,术语“增强”是指增加或延长其他治疗剂对系统效应的效价或持续时间的能力。本文所用“增强有效量”是指足以增强另一种治疗剂在所需系统中效应的量。
本文所用术语“纤维症”或“纤维化病症”是指急性或慢性炎症后出现的病症,与细胞和/或胶原的异常蓄积有关,包括但不限于个体器官或组织的纤维化,例如心脏、肾、关节、肺或皮肤,包括诸如特发性肺纤维化和隐原性纤维化肺泡炎的病症。
本文所用术语“医原性的”表示内科或外科治疗后产生或加重的症状、病症或疾病。
本文所用术语“免疫有效量”表示以单次剂量或系列剂量中一部分向个体施用足以有效治疗或预防免疫性疾病或病症的量。所述量根据要治疗个体的健康和身体状况、年龄、要治疗个体的分类群(例如非人灵长类、灵长类等)、个体免疫系统合成抗体的能力、需要的保护程度、疫苗配方、治疗医师的医学状况评价和其他相关因素等变化。所述量预期落于相对宽范围内,可通过常规试验确定。
本文所用术语“炎症”是指以一种或多种以下体征为特征的疾病或症状:疼痛(痛,来自于有害物质产生和神经刺激)、发热(热,来自于血管扩张)、发红(红,来自于血管扩张和血流量增加)、膨胀(肿胀,来自于流体过度流入或限制流出)和功能缺失(功能丧失,可以是部分或全部,临时或永久的)。炎症可以是多种形式,包括但不限于一种或多种下列炎症:急性的、粘连的、萎缩的、粘膜炎的、慢性的、硬变的、弥散的、散布的、渗出性的、含纤维的、纤维的、局部的、肉芽肿的、增生的、肥大的、间质的、转移的、坏死的、闭塞的、薄壁组织的、成形的、产出的、增殖的、假膜的、化脓的、硬化的、浆液纤维蛋白性的、浆液的、单纯的、特异性的、亚急性的、化脓的、毒性的、外伤性的和/或溃疡性的。炎症还包括但不限于影响血管(多发性动脉炎、颞动脉炎)、关节(关节炎:结晶性、骨、牛皮癣、反应性、风湿性、赖特氏)、胃肠道、皮肤(皮炎)或多器官和组织(系统性红斑狼疮)的那些炎症。
本文所用术语“调节”表示直接或间接作用于靶点,以改变靶点的活性,示例性的包括增强靶点的活性,抑制靶点的活性,限制靶点的活性,或延长靶点的活性。
本文所用术语“调节物”是指直接或间接作用于靶点的分子。所述作用包括但不限于,抑制剂或增强剂的作用。
本文所用术语“可药用的”是指不破坏本发明化合物的生物活性或性质的诸如载体或稀释剂的材料。所述材料施用给个体时不引起不良生物学反应或以有害方式作用于任何含有其的组合物的成分。
本文所用术语“可药用盐”是指不引起所施用的有机体显著刺激,不破坏本发明化合物生物活性和性质的化合物制剂。
本文所用术语“组合”或“药物组合”表示混合或合并一种以上活性成分而产生的产物,包括固定和非固定的活性成分组合。术语“固定组合”表示活性成分例如式(I)的化合物和另一种治疗剂以单一实体或单剂量形式同时施用至患者。术语“非固定的组合”表示活性成分例如式(I)的化合物和另一种治疗剂作为不同的实体同时、一起或先后施用给患者,而没有任何的特定时间限制。其中所述施用提供了这2种化合物在患者体内的治疗有效水平。后者也用于鸡尾酒疗法,例如施用3种或更多种活性成分。
本文所用术语“组合物”或“药物组合物”是指至少一种本文所述式(I)化合物与另一种化学成分,例如载体、稳定剂、稀释剂、分散剂、助悬剂、增稠剂和/或赋形剂的混合物。
本文所用术语“前药”是指在体内转换成母体药物的试剂。本发明化合物前药的非限制性实例是作为酯施用的本文所述化合物,其随后在细胞内代谢水解成活性实体羧酸。前药的另一个实例是与酸基团键合的短肽,其中所述肽经代谢产生活性部分。
本文所用术语“呼吸系统疾病”,是指影响参与呼吸的器官的疾病,例如鼻、咽喉、喉头、气管、支气管和肺。呼吸系统疾病包括但不限于,哮喘、成人呼吸窘迫综合症和变应性(外源性)哮喘、非变应性(内源性)哮喘、急性严重哮喘、宿哮、临床哮喘、夜间哮喘、变应原诱导的哮喘、阿司匹林敏感性哮喘、运动诱发哮喘、二氧化碳过度通气、儿童发作哮喘、成人发作哮喘、咳嗽变异型哮喘、职业性哮喘、类固醇抵抗型哮喘、季节性哮喘、季节性变应性鼻炎、全年性过敏性鼻炎、慢性阻塞性肺病,包括慢性支气管炎或肺气肿,肺动脉高压、间质性肺纤维化和/或气道炎症和囊性纤维化,以及缺氧。
本文所用术语“个体”或“患者”,包括哺乳动物和非哺乳动物。哺乳动物的实例包括但不限于,人、猩猩、猿猴、牛、马、绵羊、山羊、猪、兔、狗、猫、大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠等。非哺乳动物的实例包括但不限于鸟、鱼等。
本文所用术语“治疗有效量”是指任意量的化合物,其相对于未接受所述量的相应个体来说,导致疾病、病症或副作用改善的治疗、治愈、预防或改善,或疾病或病症的发病速率下降。该术语在其范围内还包括有效增强正常生理功能的量。
本文所用术语“治疗”是指预防性和/或治疗性地减轻、消除或改善疾病或病症症状、预防其他症状、改善或预防症状的潜在代谢因素、抑制疾病或病症、阻止疾病或病症发展、减轻疾病或病症、引起疾病或病症退行、减轻由所述疾病或病症引起的病症,或阻止疾病或病症的症状的方法。
使用ChemDraw Ultra 10.0或JChem version 5.0.3(ChemAxon)获得本文所提供的化合物的名称。
本文所述方法、组合物和组合的其他方面、特征和优点根据下文详述的说明书而言是很明显的。然而应当理解,详述的说明书和表示特定实施方案的特定实施例仅仅是以举例说明的方式提供。
化合物
本文提供了作为G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)调节物的化合物及其可药用的盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体。在某些实施方案中,所述化合物及其可药用的盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体是G蛋白偶联受体的激动剂。在某些实施方案中,所述化合物及其可药用的盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体是G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)的调节物。在某些实施方案中,所述化合物及其可药用的盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体是G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)的激动剂。
本文还提供了用于治疗和/或预防与G蛋白偶联受体相关的疾病和/或障碍的化合物及其可药用的盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体以及含有所述可药用的盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体的药物组合物。在某些实施方案中,所述化合物及其可药用的盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体以及含有所述可药用的盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体的药物组合物用于治疗和/或预防与G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)相关的疾病和/或障碍。在某些实施方案中,所述G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)相关的疾病和/或障碍包括但不限于代谢性疾病和/或障碍和进食障碍。所述代谢性疾病和/或障碍和进食障碍包括但不限于肥胖、糖尿病、食欲过盛、内分泌异常、甘油三酯贮积病、巴比二氏综合征、劳-穆综合征、普-拉-威综合征、厌食症和恶病质。在某些实施方案中,所述化合物及其可药用的盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体以及含有所述可药用的盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体的药物组合物控制食欲和/或控制体重增加。
本文中还提供了治疗和/或预防与G蛋白偶联受体相关的疾病和/或障碍的方法。在某些实施方案中,所述方法用于治疗和/或预防与G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)相关的疾病和/或障碍。在某些实施方案中,所述与G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)相关的疾病和/或障碍包括但不限于,代谢性疾病和/或障碍和进食障碍。所述代谢性疾病和/或障碍和进食障碍包括但不限于肥胖、糖尿病、食欲过盛、内分泌异常、甘油三酯贮积病、巴比二氏综合征、劳-穆综合征、普-拉-威综合征、厌食症和恶病质。在某些实施方案中,所述方法用于控制食欲。在某些实施方案中,所述方法用于控制体重增加。在某些实施方案中,所述方法用于控制体重减少。
上述化合物及其可药用的盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体是具有式(I)结构的化合物,其中式(I)为:
其中:
n选自0、1、2、3和4;
A选自:
其中:
R8选自H、C1-4烷基,以及任选被1-3个独立地选自卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基的基团取代的苯基;
R9选自C1-6烷基、卤代C1-4烷基和-X1R10;其中X1是键或C1-4亚烷基;R10是C3-8环烷基;
R1选自-COOH、-SO3H和四唑基;
R2选自卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基;
R3、R4、R5、R6或R7独立地选自H、氰基、羟基、硝基、卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷氧基、X2OR11、-X2NR12R13、-X2R11和-X2OX3OR11;其中X2选自键和C1-4亚烷基;X3是C1-4亚烷基;R11选自C1-6烷基和芳基,其各自任选被1-3个独立地选自卤素、氰基、羟基、硝基、氨基、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基的基团取代;R12和R13独立地选自H和C1-6烷基;或
R3和R4或R5和R6与其所连接的碳原子可以一起构成苯环(由此组合成的稠合双环基团为喹啉基);其中所述R3和R4或R5和R6的组合的苯基任选被1-3个独立地选自氰基、氨基、羟基、硝基、卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基的基团取代;
或其可药用的盐。
在上述化合物的某些实施方案中,化合物是具有式(Ia)结构的化合物:
其中:
n选自0、1、2、3和4;
R8选自H、C1-4烷基,以及任选被1-3个独立地选自卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基的基团取代的苯基;
R9选自C1-6烷基、卤代C1-4烷基和-X1R10;其中X1是键或C1-4亚烷基;R10是C3-8环烷基;
R1选自-COOH、-SO3H和四唑基;
每个R2独立地选自卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基;
R3、R4、R5、R6或R7独立地选自H、氰基、羟基、硝基、卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷氧基、X2OR11、-X2NR12R13、-X2R11、-X2OX3R11和-X2OX3OR11;其中X2选自键和C1-4亚烷基;X3是C1-4亚烷基;R11选自C1-6烷基、杂芳基和芳基,其各自任选被1-3个独立地选自卤素、氰基、羟基、硝基、氨基、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基的基团取代;R12和R13独立地选自H和C1-6烷基;或
R3和R4或R5和R6各自独立地是C1-4烷基,且与其所连接的碳原子可以一起构成苯环;其中所述R3和R4或R5和R6的组合的苯基任选被1-3个独立地选自氰基、氨基、羟基、硝基、卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基和卤代C1-4烷氧基的基团取代;
或其可药用的盐。
在上述化合物的某些实施方案中,所述化合物是其中R8是H或C1-4烷基的化合物。
在上述化合物的某些实施方案中,每个R2独立地为卤素,而在上述化合物的其他实施方案中,每个R2独立地选自氟和溴。
在上述化合物的某些实施方案中,所述化合物是具有式(Ib)结构的化合物:
在上述化合物的某些实施方案中,所述化合物是具有式(Ic)或式(Id)的化合物:
本文所提供的式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)、(Ic)和(Id)的化合物,其可药用的盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体以及药物组合物还包括所有所述化合物及其可药用的盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体以及药物组合物的适当同位素变体。本发明化合物或其可药用盐的同位素变体被定义为至少一个原子被具有相同原子序数但原子质量与通常天然存在的原子质量不同的原子代替。可以掺入至本发明化合物及其可药用盐的同位素的实例包括但不限于氢、碳、氮和氧的同位素,例如2H、3H、11C、13C、14C、15N、17O、18O、35S、18F、36Cl和123I。本发明化合物及其可药用盐的某些同位素变体例如其中掺入放射性同位素例如3H或14C的那些可用于药物和/或底物组织分布的研究。在特别的实例中,3H和14C同位素可以用于使它们的制备和检测简单。在其它实例中,被同位素例如2H取代可以实现由更高的代谢稳定性产生的某些治疗益处,例如在体内增加半衰期或降低所需剂量。本发明化合物及其可药用的盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体以及药物组合物的同位素变体通常可以通过常规方法应用合适试剂的适当的同位素变体制备。
制备式(I)化合物的方法
制备式(I)化合物的一般性方法在下文实施例描述。在所述的反应中,若需要在最终产物中含有反应官能团,例如羟基、氨基、亚氨基、巯基或羧基,则其可被保护以避免不需要的反应。可根据标准操作使用常规保护基团(示例性的参见T.W.Greene和P.G.M.Wuts in“Protective Groups inOrganic Chemistry(有机化学中的保护基)”John Wiley and Sons,1991)。
在某些实施方案中,可以通过将游离碱形式的式(I)化合物与可药用无机或有机酸反应来将本文所述式(I)的化合物制备为可药用酸加成盐。在其他实施方案中,可以通过将游离酸形式的式(I)化合物与可药用无机或有机碱反应来制备本文所述式(I)的化合物的可药用碱加成盐。或者,盐形式的本文所述式(I)的化合物可以应用原料或中间体的盐来制备。在某些实施方案中,本文所述式(I)的化合物是其他盐形式,包括但不限于草酸盐和三氟乙酸盐。在某些实施方案中,形成酸和碱的半盐,例如半硫酸盐和半钙盐。
式(I)的化合物的所述可药用的酸加成盐包括但不限于,氢溴酸盐、盐酸盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、琥珀酸盐、马来酸盐、甲酸盐、乙酸盐、己二酸盐、苯磺酸盐、碳酸氢盐/碳酸盐、丙酸盐、富马酸盐、柠檬酸盐、酒石酸盐、乳酸盐、苯甲酸盐、水杨酸盐、谷氨酸盐、天冬氨酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、苯磺酸盐、甲磺酸盐、乙磺酸盐、萘磺酸盐(例如2-萘磺酸盐)、己酸盐、硫酸氢盐/硫酸盐、硼酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐、环己氨磺酸盐、乙二磺酸盐、乙磺酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐(gluceptate)、葡糖酸盐、葡糖醛酸盐、六氟磷酸盐、羟苯酰苯酸盐、盐酸盐/氯化物、氢溴化物/溴化物、氢碘化物/碘化物、羟乙基磺酸盐、乳酸盐、苹果酸盐、丙二酸盐、甲磺酸盐、甲基硫酸盐、萘酸盐、2-萘磺酸盐、烟酸盐、乳清酸盐、草酸盐、棕榈酸盐、扑酸盐、磷酸盐/磷酸一氢盐/磷酸二氢盐、焦谷氨酸盐、蔗糖盐、硬脂酸盐、鞣酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐、三氟乙酸盐和昔萘酸盐。
用来形成式(I)化合物特定可药用酸加成盐的有机酸包括但不限于,氢溴酸、盐酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸、琥珀酸、马来酸、甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、富马酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、乳酸、苯甲酸、水杨酸、谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、对甲苯磺酸、苯磺酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、萘磺酸例如2-萘磺酸或己酸。
式(I)化合物的可药用碱加成盐包括但不限于铝盐、精氨酸盐、苄星盐、钙盐、胆碱盐、二乙胺盐、二乙醇胺盐、甘氨酸盐、赖氨酸盐、镁盐、葡甲胺盐、乙醇胺盐、钾盐、钠盐、氨基丁三醇盐和锌盐。
在某些实施方案中,本文所述式(I)化合物的游离酸或游离碱分别从相应的碱加成盐或酸加成盐制备。例如酸加成盐形式的式(I)化合物通过用适当的碱(示例性的如氢氧化铵溶液、氢氧化钠等)处理转化成相应的游离碱。例如,碱加成盐形式的式(I)化合物通过用适当的酸(示例性的如盐酸)处理转化成相应的游离酸。
在某些实施方案中,本文所述式(I)化合物未氧化的形式通过在适当的惰性有机溶剂(示例性的如乙腈、乙醇、二烷水溶液等)在0-80℃用还原剂(示例性的如硫、二氧化硫、三苯基膦、硼氢化锂、硼氢化钠、三氯化磷、三溴化磷等)处理式(I)的化合物的N-氧化物制备。
在某些实施方案中,本文所述式(I)化合物的前药衍生物使用本领域普通技术人员已知的方法制备(示例性的进一步详述参见例如Saulnier等人,(1994),Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters,Vol.4,p.1985)。例如,适当的前药可通过使式(I)的未衍生化合物与适当的氨甲酰化试剂(示例性的如1,1-酰氧基烷基碳酰氯、对硝基苯基碳酸酯等)反应制备。
在某些实施方案中,本文所述式(I)化合物使用本领域普通技术人员已知的方法制备为被保护的衍生物形式。可用于产生保护基和除去保护基的技术的详细描述可见于T.W.Greene,“Protecting Groups in OrganicChemistry(有机化学中的保护基)”,第3版,John Wiley and Sons,Inc.,1999。
在某些实施方案中,本文所述式(I)化合物制备为其单个立体异构体。在其他实施方案中,本文所述式(I)化合物通过下列方法制备成其单个异构体:使所述化合物的外消旋混合物与旋光拆分剂反应形成一对非对映异构化合物,分离所述非对映体并回收光学纯的对映体。在某些实施方案中,对映异构体的拆分可以应用式(I)化合物的共价非对映异构体衍生物来进行,或使用可离解的复合物(例如结晶的非对映异构体盐)来进行。非对映异构体具有不同的物理性质(例如熔点、沸点、溶解度、反应性等)并且可以很容易地通过利用这些差异进行分离。在某些实施方案中,非对映异构体可以通过色谱法分离,或者通过基于溶解度差异的分离/拆分技术进行分离。然后通过任何不会导致外消旋化的操作方法回收旋光纯的对映异构体与拆分剂。可用于从它们的外消旋混合物中拆分化合物的立体异构体的技术的更详细描述可见于Jean Jacques,Andre Collet,Samuel H.Wilen,“Enantiomers,Racemates and Resolutions(对映异构体、外消旋体和拆分)”,John Wiley And Sons,Inc.,1981。
式(I)的化合物通过本文所述方法制备,并在实施例中说明。在某些实施方案中,式(I)化合物按下列方法制备:
a)任选将本发明化合物转化为可药用盐;
b)任选将盐形式的本发明化合物转化为非盐形式;
c)任选将非氧化形式的本发明化合物转化为可药用的N-氧化物;
d)任选将N-氧化物形式的本发明化合物转化为其非氧化物形式;
e)任选从异构体混合物拆分本发明化合物的单个的异构体;
f)任选将未衍生化的本发明化合物转化为可药用的前药衍生物;以及
g)任选将本发明化合物的前药衍生物转化为其未衍生化的形式。
用于制备本文所述式(I)化合物的合成方案的非限制性实例在反应流程(I)-(IV)中说明,其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8和R9如本文所定义。
反应流程(I)说明了具有式(Ia)结构的被取代的噻唑的合成。
反应流程(I)
在反应流程(I)中,如下制备式(Ia)的化合物:首先通过使异硫氰酸盐(I-1)与胺(I-2)在适当溶剂存在下反应,加热获得硫脲(I-3)。所述反应中使用的溶剂包括但不限于乙腈(ACN)。随后将硫脲(I-3)与卤代衍生物(I-4)在适当的溶剂存在下反应,加热获得式(Ia)的化合物。所述反应中使用的溶剂包括但不限于甲醇。在某些实施方案中,对下列合成方法进行了修饰,以合成本文所述的化合物:Kasmi,Souad;Hamelin,Jack;Benhaoua,Hadj,Microwave-assisted solvent-free synthesis of imino thiazolines(微波辅助的亚氨基噻唑啉无溶剂合成),Tetrahedron Letters(1998),39(44),8093-8096;Korohoda,Maria Jolanta;Bojarska,Aleksandra Barbara,Introduction ofselenium to heterocyclic compounds(向杂环化合物中引入硒).Part IV,Structure of 2-imino-4-thiazoline derivatives(2-亚氨基-4-噻唑啉衍生物的结构),Polish Journal of Chemistry(1984),58(4-5-6),447-53;以及Singh,Harjit;Ahuja,A.S.;Malhotra,N,Reactions of N,N-dialkyl-N′-arylthioureas with a-halo ketones and of 2-substituted imino-1,3-oxathioleswith heterocumulenes,Indian Journal of Chemistry,Section B:OrganicChemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry(1980),19B(12),1019-22。
反应流程(II)
在反应流程(II)中,在适当溶剂和1,1’-羰二咪唑的存在下,将羧酸(II-1)与羟胺(II-2)反应制备式(Ib)的化合物。所述反应中使用的溶剂包括但不限于N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)。在某些实施方案中,对下列合成方法进行了修饰以合成本发明化合物:Ooi,Ngan Sim;Wilson,David A.,Formationand thermal reaction of O-(N-acetyl benzimidoyl)benzamidoxime:comparison with the formation of 3,5-disubstituted 1,2,4-oxadizoles fromO-acetyl arylamid oximes and O-aroyl acetamidoximes(O-(N-乙酰基苄亚氨基)苯甲酰胺肟的形成和热反应:与来自O-乙酰基芳酰胺肟和O-芳酰基乙酰胺肟的3,5-二取代的1,2,4-二唑的形成比较),Journal of the ChemicalSociety,Perkin Transactions 2:Physical Organic Chemistry(1972-1999),(1980),(12),1792-9和Lloyd,John;Schmidt,Joan B.;Rovnyak,George;Ahmad,Saleem;Atwal,Karnail S.;Bisaha,Sharon N.;Doweyko,Lidia M.;Stein,Philip D.;Traeger,Sarah C.;Mathur,Arvind;Conder,Mary Lee;DiMarco,John;Harper,Timothy W.;Jenkins-West,Tonya;Levesque,Paul C.;Normandin,Diane E.;Russell,Anita D.;Serafino,Randolph P.;Smith,Mark A.;Lodge,Nicholas J.,Design and synthesis of 4-substitutedbenzamides as potent,selective,and orally bioavailable IKs blockers(作为有效的选择性的口服可生物利用的IK阻断剂的4-取代的苯甲酰胺类的设计与合成),Journal of Medicinal Chemistry(2001),44(23),3764-3767。
反应流程(III)说明了具有式(Id)结构的被取代的三唑的合成。
反应流程(III)
在反应流程(III)中,使用“点击”化学制备式(Id)的化合物,其中将叠氮化合物(III-1)与炔(III-2)在适当溶剂和铜催化剂以及氧化剂的存在下反应。所述反应中使用的溶剂包括但不限于二甲亚砜和水。在某些实施方案中,对下列合成方法进行了修饰以合成本发明化合物:Hirose T,Sunazuka T,Noguchi Y,等人,Rapid′SAR′via click chemistry:an alkyne-bearingspiramycin is fused with diverse azides to yield new trazole-antibacterialcandidates(通过点击化学的快速’SAR’:含炔乙酰螺旋霉素与不同的叠氮化合物稠合产生新的三唑抗菌候选物),Heterocycles.2006;69:55-61;Rostovtsev VV,Green LG,Fokin VV,Sharpless KB.,A stepwise Huisgencycloaddition process:copper(I)-catalyzed regioselective″ligation″of azidesand terminal alkynes(分步Huisgen环加成方法:铜(I)催化的叠氮化合物和端炔基的位置选择性“连接”),Angew.Chem.,Int.Ed.2002;41(14):2596-2599,和Wang Q,Chan TR,Hilgraf R,Fokin VV,Sharpless KB,Finn MG.,Bioconjugation by copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne[3+2]cycloaddition(铜(I)催化的叠氮化合物-炔[3+2]环加成生物缀合),J.Am.Chem.Soc.2003;125(11):3192-3193。
反应流程(IV)说明了具有式(Ic)结构的被取代的三唑的合成。
反应流程(IV)
在反应流程(IV)中,使用“点击”化学制备式(Ic)的化合物,其中将叠氮化合物(IV-1)与炔(IV-2)在适当溶剂和铜催化剂以及氧化剂的存在下反应。所述反应中使用的溶剂包括但不限于二甲亚砜和水。
式(I)化合物合成的详细实例可参见下文实施例。
药理学和应用
G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)是孤儿G蛋白偶联受体,其在肠中大量表达,并且用作不饱和长链游离脂肪酸(FFA)的受体。已经报道FFA刺激GPR120促进胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)的分泌并且增加循环中的胰岛素,并且活化细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)级联。在外周,GLP-1影响肠运动性,并且抑制胃酸和胰高血糖素分泌。在中枢神经系统中,GLP-1诱导饱腹感,引起体重降低。在胰中,除了增加葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌,GLP-1还诱导分泌胰岛素的β-细胞群的增加。参见Hirasawa A,Tsumaya K,Awaji T,Katsuma S,Adachi T,Yamada M,Sugimoto Y,Miyazaki S,Tsujimoto G.,′Free fatty acids regulate gut incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 secretionthrough GPR120(游离脂肪酸通过GPR120调节肠促胰岛素胰高血糖素肽-1分泌),Nat Med.2005 Jan;11(1):90-4;Briscoe CP,Peat AJ,McKeown SC,Corbett DF,Goetz AS,Littleton TR,McCoy DC,Kenakin TP,Andrews JL,Ammala C,Fornwald JA,Ignar DM,Jenkinson S.,Pharmacologicalregulation of insulin secretion in MIN6 cells through the fatty acid receptorGPR40:identiffcation of agonist and antagonist small molecules(在MIN6细胞内通过脂肪酸受体GPR40的胰岛素分泌的药理学调节:小分子激动剂和拮抗剂的鉴定),Br J Pharmacol.2006 Jul;148(5):619-28;Katsuma S,Hatae N,Yano T,Ruike Y,Kimura M,Hirasawa A,Tsujimoto G.,Freefatty acids inhibit serum deprivation-induced apoptosis through GPR120 in amurine enteroendocrine cell line STC-1(游离脂肪酸通过鼠肠内分泌细胞系STC-1中的GPR120抑制血清消除诱导的凋亡),J.Biol Chem.2005 May20;280(20):19507-15;Gotoh C,Hong YH,Iga T,Hishikawa D,Suzuki Y,Song SH,Choi KC,Adachi T,Hirasawa A,Tsujimoto G,Sasaki S,Roh SG.,The regulation of adipogenesis through GPR120(通过GPR120的脂肪形成调节),Biochem Biophys Res Commun.2007 Mar 9;354(2):591-7;RayasamGV,Tulasi VK,Davis JA,Bansal VS.,Fatty acid receptors as newtherapeutic targets.fordiabetes(作为糖尿病新治疗靶点的脂肪酸受体),Expert Opin Ther Targets.2007 May;11(5):661-71;Tanaka T,Katsuma S,Adachi T,Koshimizu TA,Hirasawa A,Tsujimoto G.,Free fatty acidsinduce cholecystokinin secretion through GPR120(游离脂肪酸通过GPR120诱导胆囊收缩素分泌),Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol.2007 Oct31,和Matsumura S,Mizushige T,Yoneda T,Iwanaga T,Tsuzuki S,InoueK,Fushiki T.,GPR expression in the rat taste bud relating to fatty acidsensing(大鼠味蕾中的GPR表达涉及脂肪酸传感),Biomed Res.2007Feb;28(1):49-55。
由于GLP-1作为有效的促胰岛素肠降血糖素以及在食欲和饮食控制方面的意义,GPR120是治疗糖尿病(diabetes)、肥胖症和其它饮食障碍的有希望的靶点。由于GPCR作为药物作用和开发的靶点的重要性,仍然需要开发调节GPCR功能的药物。
本发明化合物可用于调节G蛋白偶联的受体(GPCRs)。在某些实施方案中,所述化合物可用于调节G蛋白偶联的受体120(GPR120)。在某些实施方案中,所述化合物是有效的GPR120激动剂。
本发明化合物可用于治疗由GPR120介导的病症,包括但不限于糖尿病(例如糖尿病)和血脂异常(例如高脂血症、肥胖和厌食症)。
本发明化合物可以调节G蛋白偶联受体,并且因此用于治疗其中GPCR导致疾病的病理学和/或症状学的疾病或障碍。在某些实施方案中,本文所提供的化合物可以用于预防、改善或治疗G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)介导的病症。GPR120介导的病症的实例包括但不限于肥胖、糖尿病、食欲过盛、内分泌异常、甘油三脂贮积病、巴比二氏综合征、劳-穆综合征、普-拉-威综合征、厌食症和恶病质。
肥胖症被定义为体重指数(BMI)为30kg/m2或更大(National Instituteof Health,Clinical Guidelines on the Identification,Evaluation,andTreatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults(1998))。在某些实施方案中,本发明的化合物可以用于预防、改善或治疗特征在于体重指数(BMI)为25kg/m2或更大、26kg/m2或更大、27kg/m2或更大、28kg/m2或更大、29kg/m2或更大、29.5kg/m2或更大或者29.9kg/m2或更大的病症,它们通常称为超重(National Institute of Health,Clinical Guidelines on theIdentification,Evaluation,and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity inAdults(1998))。
在其他实施方案中,本发明化合物可用作调节脂肪细胞产生甘油的药物、调节血中甘油的药物、调节脂解作用的药物、胰岛素抵抗调节剂、应激调节剂、调节促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)分泌的药物、调节生长激素分泌的药物以及调节胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)分泌的药物。
在其他实施方案中,作为GPR120激动剂或使游离脂肪酸与GPR120结合亲和力成为可能的本发明化合物可以用作抑制脂肪细胞产生甘油的药物、降低血中甘油的药物、抑制脂解作用的药物、抑制胰岛素抵抗的药物、应激调节剂、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)分泌抑制剂、生长激素分泌抑制剂以及胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)分泌促进剂。
在某些实施方案中,作为GPR120激动剂的本发明化合物可用作促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)分泌抑制剂,可以用于预防/治疗相关疾病,例如产生ACTH的肿瘤、库欣病、感染性疾病、继发性肾上腺皮质功能不全、消化性溃疡、糖尿病、精神病、白内障、青光眼、结核病、高血压、库欣综合征向心性肥胖、水肿、高血压、月经障碍、妊娠纹扩展(extensive stretchmark)、多毛症、满月脸、骨质疏松症、出血素质、抑郁症、焦虑症、肌肉萎缩、肌肉强度丧失、低钾血症、高胆固醇血症、葡萄糖抵抗损伤、白细胞增多和肾上腺皮质萎缩等。
在某些实施方案中,作为GPR120拮抗剂或降低游离脂肪酸与GPR120结合亲和力的本发明化合物可以用作促进脂肪细胞产生甘油的药物、增加血中甘油的药物、促进脂解作用的药物、促进胰岛素抵抗的药物、应激调节剂、促进促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)分泌的药物、促进生长激素分泌的药物以及抑制胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)分泌的药物。在某些实施方案中,用作促进促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)分泌的药物的GPR120拮抗剂可以用于预防/治疗结缔组织疾病、肾疾病、呼吸系统疾病、营养疾病、神经肌肉疾病、血液疾病、内分泌代谢疾病、皮肤疾病和过敏性休克。所述结缔组织疾病包括但不限于,慢性风湿关节病、系统性红斑狼疮、多肌炎、风湿热和硬皮病。所述肾疾病包括但不限于肾病。所述呼吸系统疾病包括但不限于支气管哮喘、肺结核性胸膜炎、结节病、弥散性间质性肺炎。所述营养疾病包括但不限于,溃疡性结肠炎、胆汁淤积性急性肝炎、暴发型肝炎、慢性肝炎和肝硬化。所述神经肌肉疾病包括但不限于,脑脊髓炎、周围神经炎、多发性硬化、重症肌无力和面神经麻痹。所述血液疾病包括但不限于,溶血性贫血、粒细胞缺乏症、紫癜、再生障碍性贫血、白血病和恶性淋巴瘤。所述内分泌代谢疾病包括但不限于,急性或慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退、肾上腺性征综合征、由于甲状腺疾病引起的恶性突眼和ACTH分离缺陷。所述皮肤病包括但不限于,荨麻疹、湿疹、皮炎、带状疱疹、银屑病和药物过敏。
在其他实施方案中,本发明的化合物可用作预防/治疗例如糖尿病、糖耐量受损、酮体症、酸中毒、糖尿病性神经病、糖尿病肾病、糖尿病性视网膜病变、高脂血症、动脉硬化、心绞痛、心肌梗死、性功能障碍、肥胖症、垂体功能障碍(例如垂体功能减退症、垂体性侏儒、尿崩症、肢端肥大症、库欣病、高催乳素血症、抗利尿激素不适当分泌综合征)、癌症(例如结肠直肠癌)、记忆和学习缺陷、胰衰竭、低血糖症、胰岛素过敏、脂毒性、脂性萎缩、癌血症、高胰岛素血症、高血糖症、由高FFA流量引起的障碍、高甘油三酯血症、脂肪肝、产热功能障碍、胆石病、进食障碍、厌食症、肠激素(例如胆囊收缩素(CCK)、抑胃肽(GIP)、胃泌素、胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)、生长抑素、胃泌素释放肽、胰泌素、血管活性肠肽、促胃动素、P物质、神经降压肽、甘丙肽、神经肽Y、脑啡肽、肽YY等)分泌障碍或循环系统疾病的药物。
在某些实施方案中,本发明的化合物是GPR120激动剂,可以用于预防/治疗糖尿病、高脂血症、动脉硬化、心绞痛或心肌梗死,而在其他实施方案中,本发明化合物为GPR120拮抗剂,可以用于预防/治疗厌食症和肥胖症,包括伴随内脏脂肪聚集的肥胖症。
在其他实施方案中,本发明的化合物可用作预防和/或治疗疾病的药物,包括但不限于动脉硬化、动脉硬化性疾病及其继发疾病(例如急性冠脉综合征、动脉粥样硬化、周围动脉病、急性心肌梗死、不稳定型心绞痛、缺血性心脏病、经皮腔内冠状血管成形术(PTCA)后的再狭窄、心肌梗死、心绞痛、动脉硬化(包括钙质沉着)、间歇性跛行、卒中、脑梗死、脑栓塞、脑出血症、腔隙梗塞、脑血管性痴呆、坏疽、肾小球硬化、肾病和丹吉尔病等)、动脉粥样硬化中的血管损害及其继发疾病(例如冠心病(CHD)、脑缺血症等)、脂代谢异常及其继发疾病等。
所述自身免疫介导的障碍包括但不限于,风湿性关节炎(RA)、系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、溶血性贫血、狼疮、原发性胆汁性肝硬变(PBC)和特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)。
呼吸系统疾病包括但不限于,哮喘、鼻炎、COPD、哮喘、支气管哮喘、变应性哮喘、内源性哮喘、外源性哮喘、运动诱发哮喘、药物诱导的哮喘(包括阿司匹林和NSAID诱导的)、粉尘诱导的哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、支气管炎、急性或慢性鼻炎,包括药物性鼻炎以及血管舒缩性鼻炎、常年和季节反应性鼻炎,包括神经性鼻炎(花粉症)。
皮肤疾病和/或障碍包括但不限于,皮炎和湿疹,例如特应性皮炎、脂溢性皮炎(头皮屑、乳痂)、尿布疹、漆酚诱导的接触性皮炎、接触性皮炎、红皮病、慢性单纯性苔癣、结节性痒疹、瘙痒、肛门瘙痒症、钱币状皮炎、出汗障碍和白色糠疹。
与G蛋白偶联受体相关和/或由其介导的疾病的治疗
本发明的式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体、药物组合物以及组合治疗剂是G蛋白偶联受体的调节物,可用于治疗和/或预防与G蛋白偶联受体有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。本发明的式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体、药物组合物以及组合治疗剂是G蛋白偶联受体120的调节物,可用于治疗和/或预防与G蛋白偶联受体120有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。所述疾病和/或障碍包括但不限于本文所述的那些。
在某些实施方案中,本发明的式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体、药物组合物以及组合治疗剂是G蛋白偶联受体的激动剂,可用于治疗和/或预防与G蛋白偶联受体有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。在某些实施方案中,本发明的式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体、药物组合物以及组合治疗剂是G蛋白偶联受体120的激动剂,可用于治疗和/或预防与G蛋白偶联受体120有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。所述疾病和/或障碍包括但不限于本文所述的那些。
在某些实施方案中,本发明的式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体、药物组合物以及组合治疗剂是G蛋白偶联受体的拮抗剂,可用于治疗和/或预防与G蛋白偶联受体有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。在某些实施方案中,本发明的式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体、药物组合物以及组合治疗剂是G蛋白偶联受体120的拮抗剂,可用于治疗和/或预防与G蛋白偶联受体120有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。所述疾病和/或障碍包括但不限于本文所述的那些。
在某些实施方案中,本发明的式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体、药物组合物以及组合治疗剂被用于治疗和/或预防呼吸系统疾病和/或障碍,包括但不限于,哮喘、支气管哮喘、变应性哮喘、内源性哮喘、外源性哮喘、运动诱发哮喘、药物诱导的哮喘(包括阿司匹林和NSAID诱导的)、粉尘诱导的哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、支气管炎、急性和慢性鼻炎,包括药物性鼻炎以及血管舒缩性鼻炎、常年和季节反应性鼻炎,包括神经性鼻炎(花粉症)。
在某些实施方案中,本发明的式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体、药物组合物以及组合治疗剂被用于治疗和/或预防皮肤疾病,包括但不限于,银屑病、皮炎、湿疹、特应性皮炎、接触性皮炎、漆酚诱导的接触性皮炎、湿疹性皮肤病和迟发型超敏反应;植物和光照性皮炎、脂溢性皮炎、疱疹样皮炎、慢性单纯性苔癣、扁平苔藓、萎缩硬化性苔藓、盘状红斑狼疮、尿布疹、红皮病、结节性痒疹、瘙痒、肛门瘙痒症、钱币状皮炎、出汗障碍和白色糠疹。
在某些实施方案中,本发明的式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体、药物组合物以及组合治疗剂被用作免疫抑制剂,以治疗和/或预防风湿性关节炎(RA)、多发性硬化(MS)、系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、免疫性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)、溶血性贫血和移植排斥。
本发明的式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体、药物组合物以及组合治疗剂被用于调节个体(人或其他哺乳动物)G蛋白偶联受体的方法中,用于治疗和/或预防与G蛋白偶联受体有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。在某些实施方案中,本发明的式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体、药物组合物以及组合治疗剂被用于调节个体(人或其他哺乳动物)G蛋白偶联受体120的方法中,用于治疗和/或预防与G蛋白偶联受体120有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。在某些实施方案中,所述方法包括向个体施用有效量的式(I)的化合物或含有式(I)化合物的药物组合物,从而调节个体的G蛋白偶联受体,包括G蛋白偶联受体120。
在某些实施方案中,所述治疗患有与G蛋白偶联受体、包括G蛋白偶联受体120有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍的个体的方法包括以单独的形式或作为本文所述药物组合物的一部分向个体施用有效量的式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐、溶剂化物。
某些实施方案中,所述方法为治疗牵涉到G蛋白偶联受体、包括G蛋白偶联受体120的调节的疾病或障碍的方法,其中所述方法包括向需要所述治疗的系统或个体施用有效量的式(I)化合物或其可药用盐或药物组合物,由此治疗疾病或障碍,包括但不限于本文所述的那些疾病和/或障碍。
在某些实施方案中,式(I)化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物被用于制备治疗与G蛋白偶联受体有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍的药物。在某些实施方案中,式(I)化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物被用于制备治疗与G蛋白偶联受体120有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍的药物。
在某些实施方案中,本发明方法中使用的系统或个体是细胞或组织系统。在某些实施方案中,本发明方法中使用的系统或个体是人或动物个体。
根据前文,本发明提供了用于在需要所述治疗的个体中预防、治疗和/或改善任何本文所述疾病或障碍的状况的方法,所述方法包括向个体施用治疗有效量的式(I)化合物或其可药用盐。对于任何本文所述的方法和用途,需要的剂量将根据给药模式、所治疗的具体病症和期望的效果而变化。
给药途径和药物组合物
对于本发明的式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体的治疗用途,所述化合物单独或作为药物组合物的一部分以治疗有效量施用。因此,本文提供了药物组合物,其包括至少一种式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体,以及一种或多种可药用的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。此外,所述化合物和组合物单独或与一种或多种其他治疗剂联合施用。式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体,以及包含至少一种式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体的组合物的给药途径包括但不限于,口服施用、玻璃体内施用、直肠施用、肠胃外施用、静脉内施用、腹膜内施用、肌内施用、吸入、经粘膜施用、经肺施用、肠内施用、皮下施用、髓内施用、鞘内施用、直接心室内施用、鼻内施用、局部施用、眼部施用或耳部施用。
在某些实施方案中,式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体,或包含至少一种式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体的药物组合物被局部施用,而在另一些实施方案中,式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体,或包含至少一种式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体的药物组合物被全身性施用。局部施用包括但不限于,任选以贮库或持续释放制剂注射到器官中。全身用药包括但不限于,口服施用或静脉内施用。在其他实施方案中,式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体,或包含至少一种式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体的药物组合物以靶向药物递送系统施用,例如,以包被器官特异性抗体的脂质体施用。所述脂质体靶向至器官,被器官选择性的吸收。在一些实施方案中,式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体,或包含至少一种式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体的药物组合物以快速释放制剂的形式施用,而在另一些实施方案中,它们以延长释放制剂的形式施用。在其他实施方案中,式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体,或包含至少一种式(I)化合物、其可药用盐、溶剂化物、N-氧化物、前药和异构体的药物组合物以中等释放制剂的形式施用。
治疗有效量将根据所治疗的疾病、疾病的严重性、个体的年龄和相对健康状态、所施用化合物的效价、给药途径和期望的治疗而变化。在某些实施方案中,以约0.01-2.5mg/每kg体重的日剂量施用式(I)的化合物可获得令人满意的结果。在某些实施方案中,口服施用式(I)化合物的日剂量范围为约0.01-50mg/每kg体重。例如,高脂血症患者每天服用式(I)化合物(作为活性成分)约0.01至约30mg/kg体重;在其他实例中,每天服用约0.1至约20mg/kg体重;在其他实例中,每天口服约1至约20mg/kg体重,其每天可以一次或分成若干次给药。
在某些实施方案中,局部施用的式(I)化合物日剂量范围为0.05微克每千克体重(μg/kg)至100微克每千克体重(μg/kg)。在其他实施方案中,肠胃外施用的式(I)化合物的日剂量范围为0.05微克每千克体重(μg/kg)至100毫克每千克体重(mg/kg)。在某些实施方案中,肌肉内施用的式(I)化合物的日剂量范围为0.05微克每千克体重(μg/kg)至100微克每千克体重(μg/kg)。大型哺乳动物例如人的指示日剂量范围为约0.01mg/kg至约100mg/kg式(I)的化合物,其例如可以一天四次的分份剂量或控释剂型方便的施用。在某些实施方案中,口服施用单位剂型包括约1-50mg的式(I)化合物。
本文提供了用于制备包含至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物的方法。在某些实施方案中,所述方法包括使式(I)化合物与一种或多种可药用的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂混合。在某些实施方案中,所述药物组合物包括游离形式或可药用盐或溶剂化物形式的式(I)化合物。在某些实施方案中,所述包括游离形式或可药用盐或溶剂化物形式的式(I)化合物以及至少一种可药用载体、稀释剂或赋形剂的药物组合物通过混合、溶解、锭剂制粒、水飞、乳化、包被、包埋或压制方法和/或包衣方法制备。在其他实施方案中,所述组合物可任选含有赋形剂或佐剂,例如防腐剂、稳定剂、湿润剂、或乳化剂、增溶剂、调节渗透压的盐和/或缓冲剂。在其他实施方案中,所述组合物是已灭菌的。
口服剂型
在某些实施方案中,所述含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物作为分离的剂型口服施用,其中所述剂型包括但不限于,胶囊、明胶胶囊、小胶囊、片剂、咀嚼片剂、粉末、丸剂、锭剂、颗粒剂、液体、凝胶、糖浆、调味糖浆、酏剂、膏剂、含水或不含水液体中的溶液或混悬液、可食用泡沫或微泡沫,以及水包油液体乳剂或油包水液体乳剂。这些用于口服施用至少一种式(I)化合物的胶囊、明胶胶囊、小胶囊、片剂、咀嚼片剂、粉末或颗粒通过使至少一种式(I)化合物(活性成分)与至少一种赋形剂使用常规药物混合技术混合制备。本文所述口服剂型中使用的赋形剂的非限制性实例包括但不限于粘合剂、填充剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、吸收剂、着色剂、矫味剂、防腐剂和甜味剂。
所述粘合剂的非限制性实例包括但不限于,玉米淀粉、土豆淀粉、淀粉糊、预胶凝淀粉,或其他淀粉、糖、明胶、天然和合成胶例如阿拉伯胶、海藻酸钠、海藻酸、其他海藻酸盐、黄蓍树胶、瓜尔胶、纤维素及其衍生物(例如乙基纤维素、乙酸纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钙、羧甲基纤维素钠、甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素和微晶纤维素)、硅酸镁铝、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮及其组合。
所述填充剂的非限制性实例包括但不限于,滑石、碳酸钙(例如颗粒或粉末)、微晶纤维素、粉状纤维素、葡聚糖结合剂、高岭土、甘露醇、硅酸、山梨醇、淀粉、预胶凝淀粉及其混合物。在某些实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物中的粘合剂或填充剂的量为所述药物组合物或剂型的约50至约99重量百分比。
所述崩解剂的非限制性实例包括但不限于,琼脂、海藻酸、海藻酸钠、碳酸钙、碳酸钠、微晶纤维素、交联羧甲纤维素钠、交聚维酮、聚克立林钾、淀粉羟乙酸钠、土豆或木薯淀粉、预胶凝淀粉、其他淀粉、粘土、其他海藻酸盐、其他纤维素、树胶及其组合。在某些实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物中使用的崩解剂的量为约0.5-约15重量百分比的崩解剂,而在其他实施方案中所述量为约1至约5重量百分比的崩解剂。
所述润滑剂的非限制性实例包括但不限于,硬脂酸钠、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸、矿物油、轻质矿物油、甘油、山梨醇、甘露醇、聚乙二醇、其他二醇、月桂基硫酸钠、滑石、氢化植物油(例如花生油、棉籽油、葵花籽油、芝麻油、橄榄油、玉米油和大豆油)、硬脂酸锌、油酸钠、油酸乙酯、月桂酸乙酯、琼脂、硅石、syloid硅胶(AEROSIL 200,W.R.Grace Co.生产,巴尔的摩,Md.)、人造硅石的凝固气溶胶(Degussa Co.出售,Plano,Tex.)、CAB-O-SIL(加热生成的二氧化硅产品,Cabot Co.出售,波士顿,Mass.)及其组合。在某些实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物中使用的润滑剂的量低于所述药物组合物或剂型的约1重量百分比。
所述稀释剂的非限制性实例包括但不限于乳糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、甘露醇、山梨醇、纤维素、甘氨酸或其组合。
在某些实施方案中,通过下述方法制备片剂和胶囊:均匀混合至少一种式(I)化合物(活性成分)和液体载体、精筛的固体载体或两者,随后根据需要将所述产品制成需要的包装。在某些实施方案中,片剂通过压缩制备。在其他实施方案中,片剂通过模塑制备。
在某些实施方案中,至少一种式(I)化合物作为控释剂型口服施用。所述剂型用于使一种或多种式(I)化合物缓慢或控制释放。可使用例如羟丙基甲基纤维素、其他聚合物基质、凝胶、渗透膜、渗透系统、多层包衣、微粒、脂质体、微球或其组合达到控释。在某些实施方案中,使用控释剂型延长式(I)化合物的活性,减少给药频率并增加患者顺应性。
作为流体例如溶液、糖浆和酏剂口服施用的式(I)化合物以单位剂型制备,从而使给定量的溶液、糖浆或酏剂含有预定量的式(I)化合物。糖浆通过将所述化合物溶于适当调味的水溶液中制备,而酏剂通过使用无毒醇载体制备。混悬液通过将所述化合物分散于无毒载体中配制。作为口服流体用于口服施用的赋形剂的非限制性实例包括但不限于,增溶剂、乳化剂、调味剂、防腐剂和着色剂。增溶剂和乳化剂的非限制性实例包括但不限于水、甘油、油类、醇类、乙氧基化的异硬脂醇和聚氧乙烯山梨醇醚。防腐剂的非限制性实例包括但不限于,苯甲酸钠。调味剂的非限制性实例包括但不限于薄荷油或天然甜味剂或糖精或其他人工甜味剂。
非肠道剂型
在某些实施方案中,所述含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物可经多种途径非肠道施用,包括但不限于皮下、静脉内(包括快速推注)、肌肉内和动脉内施用。
所述非肠道剂型以无菌或已灭菌的注射溶液、等渗水溶液、混悬液、易于溶解或混悬于可药用注射载体的无水和/或冻干产品(可重构的粉末)和乳剂形式施用。所述剂型中使用的载体包括但不限于,USP注射用水;水性载体例如但不限于氯化钠注射液、生理盐水缓冲液、林格注射溶液、葡萄糖注射液、葡萄糖和氯化钠注射液以及乳酸林格注射液;水可混溶载体例如但不限于,乙醇、聚乙二醇和聚丙二醇;以及非水载体例如但不限于,玉米油、棉籽油、花生油、芝麻油、油酸乙酯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯和苯甲酸苄酯。
在某些实施方案中,式(I)的化合物或含有一种或多种式(I)化合物的组合物通过快速推注来非肠道施用。在其他实施方案中,式(I)的化合物或含有一种或多种式(I)化合物的组合物通过连续输液非肠道施用。注射制剂以单位剂型包装,例如安瓿,或者注射制剂以多剂量容器包装,例如添加了防腐剂。所述组合物可以是在油性或水性载体中的混悬液、溶液或乳剂形式,可含有配方剂例如助悬剂、稳定剂和/或分散剂。
经皮给药
在某些实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物被经皮施用。所述经皮剂型包括“贮器型”或“基质型”贴剂,其被应用于皮肤,经特定的时间以使得需要量的式(I)化合物渗入。例如,所述经皮装置是绷带的形式,包括衬垫部件,含有所述化合物、任选含有载体的贮器,任选速率控制层,使得在较长的时期内以控制和预定的速率将化合物递送到宿主皮肤上,以及将所述装置固定在皮肤上的工具。在其他实施方案中,使用基质经皮制剂。在某些实施方案中,使用经皮施用提供连续的式(I)化合物的输入,而在其他实施方案中,使用经皮施用提供控制量的式(I)化合物的非连续输入。
在某些实施方案中,使用控速膜或将化合物包裹在聚合物基质或凝胶中来降低吸收速率。在某些实施方案中,经皮递送通过经皮贴剂进行。
式(I)化合物的经皮递送制剂包括有效量的式(I)化合物、载体和任选的稀释剂。载体包括但不限于可吸收的可药用溶剂以帮助透过宿主的皮肤,例如水、丙酮、乙醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、棕榈酸异丙基酯、矿物油及其组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述经皮递送系统包括渗透促进剂以帮助将一种或多种式(I)化合物递送至组织。所述渗透促进剂包括但不限于丙酮;各种醇类例如乙醇、油醇和四氢呋喃;烷基亚砜例如二甲亚砜;二甲基乙酰胺;二甲基甲酰胺;聚乙二醇;吡咯酮例如聚乙烯吡咯酮;Kollidon级(聚维酮);尿素以及各种水溶或水不溶的糖酯,例如吐温80(聚山梨醇酯80)和司盘60(单硬脂酸山梨醇酯)。
在其他实施方案中,所述经皮药物组合物或剂型的pH或应用所述药物组合物或剂型的组织的pH被调节,以改善一种或多种式(I)化合物的递送。在其他实施方案中,改善溶剂载体的极性或张力以改善递送。在其他实施方案中,加入诸如硬脂酸酯的化合物以改善一种或多种式(I)化合物的亲水性或亲油性,以促进递送。在某些实施方案中,所述硬脂酸酯作为制剂的脂质载体,作为乳化剂或表面活性剂,作为递送增强剂或渗透增强剂起作用。在其他实施方案中,使用式(I)化合物不同的盐、水合物或溶剂化物以进一步调节所得组合物的性质。
在其他实施方案中,式(I)化合物的经皮递送通过离子电渗贴剂等完成。
局部剂型
在某些实施方案中,至少一种式(I)化合物通过含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物以洗剂、凝胶、软膏溶液、乳剂、水溶液、混悬液或乳膏的形式局部施用至皮肤或眼部。局部施用至皮肤的适当制剂有水溶液、软膏、乳膏或凝胶,而眼部施用的制剂是水溶液。所述制剂任选含有增溶剂、稳定剂、张力增强剂、缓冲剂和防腐剂。
所述局部制剂包括至少一种载体,以及任选至少一种稀释剂。所述载体和稀释剂包括但不限于,水、丙酮、乙醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、棕榈酸异丙基酯、矿物油及其组合。
在某些实施方案中,所述局部制剂包括渗透促进剂以帮助一种或多种式(I)化合物到达组织。所述渗透促进剂包括但不限于丙酮;各种醇类例如乙醇、油醇和四氢呋喃;烷基亚砜例如二甲亚砜;二甲基乙酰胺;二甲基甲酰胺;聚乙二醇;吡咯酮例如聚乙烯吡咯酮;Kollidon级(Povidone,Polyvidone);尿素以及各种水溶或水不溶的糖酯,例如吐温80(聚山梨醇酯80)和司盘60(单硬脂酸山梨醇酯)。
肺部给药
在某些实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物通过吸入施用。吸入施用的剂型配制成气溶胶或干粉形式。吸入施用的气溶胶制剂包括至少一种式(I)化合物在可药用水性或非水性溶剂中的溶液或细混悬液。此外,所述药物组合物任选包含粉末基质,例如乳糖、葡萄糖、海藻糖、甘露醇或淀粉,以及任选的性能调节剂例如L-亮氨酸或其他氨基酸,和/或硬脂酸金属盐,例如硬脂酸镁或硬脂酸钙。
在某些实施方案中,使用计量吸入器(″MDI″)通过吸入向肺部直接施用式(I)化合物,其利用了含有适当低沸点喷射剂的罐,所述喷射剂例如为二氯二氟甲烷、三氯氟甲烷、二氯四氟乙烷、二氧化碳或其他适当的气体,或使用干粉吸入装置(DPI),其利用气体爆发在容器内产生干粉雾,随后可被患者吸入。在某些实施方案中,配制用于吸入器或吹入器的胶囊或明胶药筒,其含有式(I)化合物和粉末基质例如乳糖或淀粉的粉末混合物。在某些实施方案中,使用液体喷雾装置将式(I)化合物递送到肺部,其中所述装置使用的喷口非常小,以雾化液体药物制剂,从而可直接吸入肺中。在其他实施方案中,使用喷雾器将式(I)的化合物递送到肺部,其中所述喷雾器通过使用超声能产生液体药物制剂气溶胶以形成可方便吸入的细小颗粒。在其他实施方案中,使用电流体动力学(″EHD″)气溶胶装置将式(I)化合物递送到肺部,其中所述EHD气溶胶装置利用电能雾化液体药物溶液或混悬液。
在某些实施方案中,本发明的含有至少一种式(I)化合物或其可药用盐和溶剂化物的药物组合物还含有一种或多种吸收促进剂。在某些实施方案中,所述吸收促进剂包括但不限于,甘胆酸钠、癸酸钠、N-月桂基-β-D-麦芽糖吡喃糖苷、EDTA和混合微胶粒。
在某些实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物经鼻施用,经鼻施用的剂型为气溶胶、溶液、滴剂、凝胶或干粉。
直肠给药
在某些实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物以栓剂、灌肠剂、保留灌肠剂、软膏、乳膏直肠泡沫或直肠凝胶的形式经直肠施用。在某些实施方案中,所述栓剂从脂肪乳剂或混悬剂、可可脂或其他甘油酯制备。
贮库给药
在某些实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物被制成贮库制剂的形式。所述长效作用制剂通过植入(例如皮下或肌肉内)或肌肉内注射施用。在某些实施方案中,所述制剂包括聚合或疏水材料(例如在可接受的油中的乳剂)或离子交换树脂,或略溶的衍生物,例如略溶的盐。
在某些实施方案中,可注射的贮库形式通过使式(I)的化合物在生物可降解聚合物中形成微囊包埋的基质进行制备。式(I)化合物释放的速率通过改变式(I)化合物与聚合物的比例以及所使用特定聚合物的性质进行控制。在其他实施方案中,贮库可注射的制剂通过将式(I)化合物包裹在脂质体或微乳剂中制备。
眼部给药
在某些实施方案中,本发明的式(I)化合物或药物组合物可经眼部施用至眼。眼部施用通常导致试剂与角膜的直接接触,至少有部分施用的试剂穿过角膜。在某些实施方案中,所述式(I)化合物或药物组合物在眼中有效停留时间为约2到约24小时。在某些实施方案中,所述式(I)化合物或药物组合物在眼中有效停留时间为约4到约24小时。在某些实施方案中,所述式(I)化合物或药物组合物在眼中有效停留时间为约6到约24小时。
本发明采用的眼部施用包括但不限于,局部施用、眼内注射、视网膜下注射、玻璃体内注射、眼周施用、结膜下注射、眼球后注射、前眼房注射(包括进入前房或玻璃体腔)、筋膜下注射或移植、眼用溶液、眼用混悬液、眼膏、眼部植入剂和眼用嵌入剂、眼内溶液、离子电渗法、掺入手术灌洗液和包装(例如插入穹窿的饱和棉拭子)。在某些实施方案中,本发明的式(I)化合物或药物组合物配制成眼用组合物,局部施用至眼。所述局部施用的眼用组合物包括但不限于溶液、混悬液、明胶或软膏。
在某些实施方案中,本发明的用于眼部施用的含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物是液体形式,其中所述组合物存在于溶液、混悬液或两者中。在某些实施方案中,液体组合物包括凝胶制剂。在其他实施方案中,液体组合物是水性的。在其他实施方案中,所述液体组合物是软膏形式。在某些实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物作为眼药水眼部施用,其以水溶液配制,任选含有增溶剂、稳定剂、张力增加剂、缓冲剂和防腐剂。向眼部通过已知的滴数施用需要的剂量。例如,对于1滴25μl体积,施用1-6滴递送了25-150μl所述组合物。在某些实施方案中,水性组合物含有约0.01%至约50%重量/体积的式(I)化合物。在其他实施方案中,所述水性组合物含有约0.1%至约20%重量/体积的式(I)化合物。在其他实施方案中,所述水性组合物含有约0.2%至约10%重量/体积的式(I)化合物。在某些实施方案中,所述水性组合物含有约0.5%至约5%重量/体积的式(I)化合物。
在某些实施方案中,所述水性组合物具有可眼用的pH和渗透压。在某些实施方案中,所述水性组合物含有一种或多种可眼用pH调节剂或缓冲剂,包括诸如乙酸、硼酸、柠檬酸、乳酸、磷酸和盐酸的酸,诸如氢氧化钠、磷酸钠、硼酸钠、柠檬酸钠、乙酸钠、乳酸钠和三羟基甲基氨基甲烷的碱,以及诸如柠檬酸盐/葡萄糖、碳酸氢钠和氯化铵的缓冲剂。所述酸、碱和缓冲剂以一定量提供,使得所述组合物的pH维持在可眼用范围内。
在某些实施方案中,所述组合物还包括使所述组合物的渗透压维持在可眼用范围内的一定量一种或多种可眼用的盐。所述盐包括具有钠、钾或铵阳离子和氯化物、柠檬酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、硼酸盐、磷酸盐、碳酸氢盐、硫酸盐、硫代硫酸盐或亚硫酸氢盐阴离子的那些。适当的盐包括氯化钠、氯化钾、硫代硫酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠和硫酸铵。
在某些实施方案中,所述水性组合物还含有一种或多种聚合物作为助悬剂。所述聚合物包括但不限于,水溶性聚合物例如本文所述的纤维质聚合物(例如羟丙基甲基纤维素),以及本文所述水不溶性聚合物(例如含交联羧基的聚合物)。在某些实施方案中,水性组合物还包括可眼用的粘膜黏着聚合物,例如选自羧甲基纤维素、卡波姆(丙烯酸聚合物)、聚(异丁烯酸甲酯)、聚丙烯酰胺、聚卡波非、丙烯酸/丙烯酸丁酯共聚物、海藻酸钠和葡聚糖。
在某些实施方案中,所述组合物还包括可眼用的增溶剂以帮助式(I)化合物溶解。术语“增溶剂”通常包括可导致所述试剂形成胶束溶液或真溶液的试剂。在某些实施方案中,可眼用的非离子表面活性剂包括但不限于聚山梨醇酯80,被用作增溶剂。在其他实施方案中,可眼用的二醇,包括但不限于聚二醇、聚乙二醇400和乙二醇醚被用作增溶剂。
在某些实施方案中,所述组合物还包括一种或多种可眼用的表面活性剂,以增强物理稳定性或用于其他目的。所述非离子表面活性剂包括但不限于,聚氧乙烯脂肪酸甘油酯和植物油(例如聚氧乙烯(60)氢化蓖麻油)和聚氧乙烯烷基醚和烷基苯基醚(例如,辛苯聚醇10和辛苯聚醇40)。
在某些实施方案中,所述组合物还包括一种或多种可眼用的防腐剂以抑制微生物活性。所述防腐剂包括但不限于含汞物质,例如硼酸苯汞和硫柳汞,稳定的二氧化氯,以及季铵类化合物例如苯扎氯铵、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和氯化十六烷基吡啶。
在某些实施方案中,所述组合物还包括一种或多种抗氧化剂以在需要时增强化学稳定性。所述抗氧化剂包括但不限于抗坏血酸和偏亚硫酸氢钠。
在某些实施方案中,本发明的水性组合物被包装在单剂量的一次性容器中,而在其他实施方案中,所述水性组合物被包装在多剂量的可多次开关的容器中,其中所述组合物中包含防腐剂。
耳部给药
在某些实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物作为滴耳液经耳部施用。所述制剂是任选含有增溶剂、稳定剂、张力增加剂、缓冲剂和防腐剂的水溶液。
在另一个实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物被用于口服施用治疗代谢疾病和/或障碍。在另一个实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物被用于口服施用治疗糖尿病。在另一个实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物被用于口服施用治疗肥胖。在另一个实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物被用于口服施用治疗系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)。
在另一个实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物被用于口服施用治疗呼吸系统疾病。在另一个实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物被用于口服施用治疗哮喘。在另一个实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物被用于口服施用治疗鼻炎。在另一个实施方案中,含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物被用于口服施用治疗COPD。
联合治疗
本发明式(I)的化合物可以治疗有效量单独施用或与一种或多种治疗剂经本文所述任意途径联合施用。在某些实施方案中,式(I)的化合物与其他治疗剂在固定的药物组合物中混合,或者在另一种治疗剂之前、同时或之后单独施用。
在某些实施方案中,本发明式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物,或含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物被单独施用(不含其他治疗剂)以预防和/或治疗本文所述的一种或多种与G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。
在其他实施方案中,本发明式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物,或含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物与一种或多种其他治疗剂联合配制并施用以预防和/或治疗本文所述的一种或多种与G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。
在其他实施方案中,本发明式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物,或含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物与一种或多种其他治疗剂联合施用以预防和/或治疗本文所述的一种或多种与G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。
在其他实施方案中,本发明式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物,或含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物与一种或多种其他治疗剂先后施用以预防和/或治疗本文所述的一种或多种与G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。
在其他实施方案中,本发明的联合治疗包括在施用一种或多种其他治疗剂之前施用本发明式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物,或含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物,以预防和/或治疗本文所述的一种或多种与G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。
在其他实施方案中,本发明的联合治疗包括在施用一种或多种其他治疗剂之后施用本发明式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物,或含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物,以预防和/或治疗本文所述的一种或多种与G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。
在某些实施方案中,本发明的联合治疗包括在施用一种或多种其他治疗剂同时施用本发明式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物,或含有至少一种式(I)化合物的药物组合物,以预防和/或治疗本文所述的一种或多种与G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)有关或由其介导的疾病和/或障碍。
在本发明联合治疗的某些实施方案中,式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物是G蛋白偶联受体的调节物。在本发明联合治疗的某些实施方案中,式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物是G蛋白偶联受体120的调节物。在本发明联合治疗的某些实施方案中,式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物是G蛋白偶联受体的激动剂。在本发明联合治疗的某些实施方案中,式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物是G蛋白偶联受体120的激动剂。在本发明联合治疗的某些实施方案中,式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物是G蛋白偶联受体的拮抗剂。在本发明联合治疗的某些实施方案中,式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物是G蛋白偶联受体120的拮抗剂。
在本发明联合治疗的某些实施方案中,本发明式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物与其他治疗剂加和作用。在本发明联合治疗的某些实施方案中,本发明式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物与其他治疗剂协同作用。
在其他实施方案中,本发明式(I)的化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物或含有式(I)化合物的药物组合物被施用至之前未经历或当前未接受其他治疗剂治疗的患者。
在某些实施方案中,本发明式(I)的化合物与其他治疗物质联合施用,例如治疗糖尿病、糖尿病并发症、血脂异常、高脂血症的治疗剂;抗高血压药、减肥药、利尿药、化疗药、免疫治疗药、免疫调节剂、抗炎药、抗血栓药、用于骨质疏松症的治疗剂、抗细菌药、抗真菌药、抗原虫药、抗生素、镇咳药和祛痰药、镇静药、麻醉药、抗溃疡药、安定药、抗精神病药、抗肿瘤药、肌肉松弛药、抗癫痫药、抗抑郁药、抗过敏药、心脏兴奋药、抗心律不齐药、血管扩张药、血管收缩药、麻醉药拮抗剂、维生素、维生素衍生物、平喘药、抗痴呆药、用于尿频或尿失禁的治疗剂、用于排尿困难的治疗剂、用于特应性皮炎的治疗剂、用于变应性鼻炎的治疗剂、血管加压药、内毒素拮抗剂或抗体、信号转导抑制剂、炎性介质效力抑制剂、炎性介质效力抑制抗体、抗炎介质效力抑制剂、抗炎介质效力抑制抗体等。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的糖尿病治疗剂包括但不限于,胰岛素制剂(例如由牛或猪胰腺提取的动物胰岛素制剂;应用大肠杆菌或酵母菌在遗传上合成的人胰岛素制剂;胰岛素锌;鱼精蛋白锌胰岛素;胰岛素的片段或衍生物(例如INS-1等)、口服胰岛素制剂等)、胰岛素敏化剂(例如吡格列酮或其盐(包括盐酸盐)、曲格列酮、罗格列酮或其盐(包括马来酸盐)、Reglixane(JTT-501)、萘格列酮(Netoglitazone)(MCC-555)、YM-440、GI-262570、KRP-297、FK-614、CS-011、(E)--[[[4-[(5-甲基-2-苯基-4-唑基)甲氧基]苯基]甲氧基]亚氨基]苯丁酸等、在WO 99/58510中描述的化合物(例如(E)-4-[4-(5-甲基-2-苯基-4-唑基甲氧基)-苄基氧基亚氨基]-4-苯基丁酸)、在WO 01/38325中描述的化合物、替格列扎(Tesaglitazar)(AZ-242)、罗格里扎(Ragaglitazar)(NN-622)、BMS-298585、ONO-5816、BM-13-1258、LM-4156、MBX-102、LY-519818、MX-6054、LY-510929、巴格列酮(Balaglitazone)(NN-2344)、T-131或其盐、THR-0921)、-葡糖苷酶抑制剂(例如伏格列波糖、阿卡波糖、米格列醇、乙格列酯等)、双胍类(例如苯乙双胍、二甲双胍、丁双胍等)、胰岛素促分泌药[包括磺酰脲(例如甲苯磺丁脲、格列本脲、格列齐特、氯磺丙脲、妥拉磺脲、醋酸己脲、格列吡脲、格列美脲等)、瑞格列奈、色那列奈、米格列奈或其钙盐水合物、那格列奈等]、GLP-1受体激动剂[例如GLP-1、GLP-1MR药物、NN-2211、AC-2993(exendin-4)、BIM-51077、Aib(8,35)hGLP-1(7,37)NH2、CJC-1131等]、二肽基肽酶IV抑制剂(例如NVP-DPP-278、PT-100、P32/98、P93/01、NVP-DPP-728、LAF237、TS-021等)、β3激动剂(例如CL-316243、SR-58611-A、UL-TG-307、AJ-9677、AZ40140等)、胰岛淀粉样多肽激动剂(例如普兰林肽等)、磷酸酪氨酸磷酸酶抑制剂(例如钒酸等)、糖异生抑制剂(例如糖原磷酸化酶抑制剂、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶抑制剂、胰高血糖素拮抗剂等)、SGLT(钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白)抑制剂(例如T-1095等)、11-羟基类固醇脱氢酶抑制剂(例如BVT-3498等)、脂连蛋白或其激动剂、IKK抑制剂(例如AS-2868等)、改善瘦素抗性的药物、生长抑素受体激动剂(在WO01/25228、WO 03/42204中描述的化合物、在WO 98/44921、WO 98/45285、WO 99/22735中描述的化合物等)、葡糖激酶活化剂(例如Ro-28-1675)等。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的用于治疗糖尿病并发症的治疗剂包括但不限于醛糖还原酶抑制剂(例如托瑞司他、依帕司他、折那司他、唑泊司他、非达司他(SNK-860)、米那司他(ARI-509)、CT-112等)、神经营养因子及其增加药物(例如NGF、NT-3、BDNF、WO 01/14372中描述的神经营养蛋白产生-分泌促进剂(例如4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(2-甲基-1-咪唑基)-5-[3-(2-甲基苯氧基)丙基]唑等)等)、蛋白激酶C(PKC)抑制剂(例如LY-333531等)、AGE抑制剂(例如ALT-945、匹马吉定、Pyratoxanthine、N-苯甲酰甲基溴化噻唑(ALT-766)、EXO-226、ALT-711、盐酸吡哆胺、吡多胺等)、活性氧清除剂(例如硫辛酸等)、脑血管舒张剂(例如tiapuride等)、生长抑素受体激动剂(BIM23190)、细胞凋亡信号调节激酶-1(ASK-1)抑制剂等。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的用于治疗高脂血症的治疗剂包括但不限于他汀类化合物,其是胆固醇合成抑制剂(例如普伐他汀、辛伐他汀、洛伐他汀、阿托伐他汀、氟伐他汀、西立伐他汀或其盐(例如钠盐等)等)、鲨烯合酶抑制剂(例如WO 97/10224描述的化合物,例如N-[[(3R,5S)-1-(3-乙酰氧基-2,2-二甲基丙基)-7-氯-5-(2,3-二甲氧基苯基)-2-氧代-1,2,3,5-四氢-4,1-苯并氧杂氮杂卓-3-基]乙酰基]哌啶-4-乙酸等)、贝特类化合物(例如苯扎贝特、氯贝丁酯、双贝特、克利贝特等)、抗氧化剂(例如硫辛酸、普罗布可)等。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的抗高血压药包括但不限于血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(例如卡托普利、依那普利、地拉普利等)、血管紧张素II拮抗剂(例如氯沙坦、坎地沙坦、环庚塞、依普罗沙坦、缬沙坦、替米沙坦、厄贝沙坦、他索沙坦、1-[[2’-(2,5-二氢-5-氧代-4H-1,2,4-二唑-3-基)联苯-4-基]甲基]-2-乙氧基-1H-苯并咪唑-7-甲酸等)、钙拮抗剂(例如马尼地平、硝苯地平、氨氯地平、依福地平、尼卡地平等)、可乐定等。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的减肥药的实例包括但不限于作用于中枢神经系统的减肥药(例如右芬氟拉明、芬氟拉明、芬特明、西布曲明、安非拉酮、右安非他命、马吲哚、苯丙醇胺、氯苄雷司;MCH受体拮抗剂(例如SB-568849;SNAP-7941;在WO 01/82925和WO 01/87834中包括的化合物等);神经肽Y拮抗剂(例如CP-422935等);大麻素受体拮抗剂(例如SR-141716、SR-147778等);生长素释放肽拮抗剂;11-羟基类固醇脱氢酶抑制剂(例如BVT-3498等)等)、胰脂酶抑制剂(例如奥利司他、ATL-962等)、β-3激动剂(例如CL-316243、SR-58611-A、UL-TG-307、AJ-9677、AZ40140等)、肽食欲抑制药(例如瘦素、睫状神经营养因子(CNTF)等)、胆囊收缩素激动剂(例如林替曲特、FPL-15849等)、拒食剂(例如P-57等)等。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的利尿药包括但不限于黄嘌呤衍生物(例如可可碱水杨酸钠、可可碱水杨酸钙等)、噻嗪制剂(例如乙噻嗪、环戊噻嗪、三氯甲噻嗪、氢氯噻嗪、氢氟噻嗪、苄基氢氯噻嗪、戊氟噻嗪、泊利噻嗪、甲氯噻嗪等)、抗醛固酮制剂(例如螺内酯、氨苯蝶啶等)、碳酸盐脱氢酶抑制剂(例如乙酰唑胺等)、氯苯磺酰胺制剂(例如氯噻酮、美夫西特、吲达帕胺等)、阿佐塞米、异山梨醇、依他尼酸、吡咯他尼、布美他尼、呋塞米等。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的化疗药或其他抗增殖药包括但不限于烷化剂(例如环磷酰胺、异环磷酰胺等)、代谢拮抗剂(例如甲氨蝶呤、5-氟尿嘧啶等)、抗肿瘤抗生素(例如丝裂霉素、阿霉素等)、植物衍生的抗肿瘤药(例如长春新碱、长春地辛、紫杉醇等)、顺铂、卡铂、依托泊苷等。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的其他化疗药或其他抗增殖药包括但不限于,外科手术、放射疗法(γ辐射、中子束放射疗法、电子束放射疗法、质子疗法、近距离放射疗法和全身放射性同位素疗法)、内分泌疗法、生物反应调节剂(干扰素、白介素和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF))、高热疗法和冷冻疗法、减弱任何不良反应的试剂(例如止吐药)以及其他已批准的化疗药,包括但不限于,烷化药(氮芥、苯丁酸氮芥、环磷酰胺、美法仑、异环磷酰胺)、代谢拮抗剂(例如甲氨蝶呤)、嘌呤拮抗剂和嘧啶拮抗剂(6-巯基嘌呤、5-氟尿嘧啶、阿糖胞苷、吉西他滨)、纺锤体毒剂(长春碱、长春新碱、长春瑞滨、紫杉醇)、鬼臼毒素(依托泊苷、依立替康、托泊替康)、抗生素(阿霉素、博来霉素、丝裂霉素)、亚硝基脲(卡氮芥、罗氮芥)、无机离子(顺铂、卡铂)、酶(天冬酰胺酶)和激素(他莫昔芬、醋酸亮丙瑞林、氟他米特和甲地孕酮)、GLEEVECTM、阿霉素、地塞米松和环磷酰胺。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的免疫治疗剂包括但不限于微生物或细菌组分(例如胞壁酰二肽衍生物、溶血性链球菌制剂等)、具有免疫增强活性的多糖(例如香菇多糖、施佐菲兰、云芝多糖等)、通过基因工程技术获得的细胞因子(例如干扰素、白介素(IL)(包括IL-1、IL-2、IL-12等)、集落刺激因子(例如粒细胞集落刺激因子、促红细胞生成素等)等。
与本发明至少一种式(I)化合物或其可药用盐或溶剂化物联合使用的免疫调节剂包括但不限于硫唑嘌呤、他克莫司、环孢霉素A、抗疟药、甲氨喋呤、来氟米特、皮质激素、环磷酰胺、环孢霉素A、环孢霉素G、麦考酚酸吗乙酯、子囊霉素、雷帕霉素(西罗莫司)、FK-506、咪唑立宾、15-脱氧精胍菌素、布喹那、霉酚酸、丙二腈酰胺类(例如来氟米特)、CTLA41g、T细胞受体调节剂和细胞因子受体调节剂,模拟肽和抗体(例如人、人源化、嵌合、单克隆、多克隆、Fvs、ScFvs、Fab或F(ab)2片段或表位结合片段)、核酸分子(例如反义核酸分子和三重螺旋)、小分子、有机化合物和无机化合物。单克隆抗体的实例包括但不限于,白细胞受体的单克隆抗体,例如MHC、CD2、CD3、CD4、CD7、CD25、CD28、B7、CD45、CD58或其配体的抗体。T细胞受体调节剂的实例包括但不限于,抗T细胞受体抗体(例如抗-CD4抗体(例如cM-T412(Boehringer)、IDEC-CE9.1TM(IDEC和SKB)、mAB 4162W94、Orthoclone和OKTcdr4a(Janssen-Cilag))、抗-CD3抗体(例如Nuvion(Product Design Labs)、OKT3(Johnson&Johnson)或Rituxan(IDEC))、抗-CD5抗体(例如抗-CD5蓖麻毒素连接的免疫缀合物)、抗-CD7抗体(例如CHH-380(Novartis))、抗-CD8抗体、抗-CD40配体单克隆抗体(例如IDEC-131(IDEC))、抗-CD52抗体(例如CAMPATH 1H(IIex))、抗-CD2抗体、抗-CD11a抗体(例如Xanelim(Genentech))、抗-B7抗体(例如IDEC-114(IDEC))、CTLA4-免疫球蛋白、toll-样受体(TLR)调节剂。细胞因子受体调节剂的实例包括但不限于,可溶性细胞因子受体(例如,TNF-α受体的胞外结构域或其片段,IL-1β受体的胞外结构域或其片段以及IL-6受体的胞外结构域或其片段)、细胞因子或其片段(例如白介素(IL)-2、IL-3、IL-4、IL-5、IL-6、IL-7、IL-8、IL-9、IL-10、IL-11、IL-12、IL-15、TNF-α、干扰素(IFN)-α、IFN-β、IFN-γ和GM-CSF)、抗细胞因子受体抗体(例如抗-IFN受体抗体、抗-IL-2受体抗体(例如赛尼哌(ProteinDesign Labs))、抗-IL-4受体抗体、抗-IL-6受体抗体、抗-IL-10受体抗体和抗-IL-12受体抗体)、抗细胞因子抗体(例如抗-IFN抗体、抗-TNF-抗体、抗-IL-1β抗体、抗-IL-6抗体、抗-IL-8抗体(例如ABX-IL-8(Abgenix))和抗-IL-12抗体)。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的抗炎药包括但不限于非甾体抗炎药(例如,水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸、水杨酸甲酯、双氟尼酸、双水杨酸、偶氮水杨酸、柳氮磺吡啶、扑热息痛、吲哚美辛、舒林酸、依托度酸、甲芬那酸、甲氧胺苯酸钠、托美汀、痛力克、双氯芬酸、布洛芬、萘普生、萘普生钠、非诺洛芬、酮洛芬、氟吡洛芬、奥沙普秦、吡罗昔康、美洛昔康、安吡昔康、卓喜康、匹伏喜康、替诺昔康、萘丁美酮、苯基保泰松、羟基保泰松、安替比林、氨基比林、阿扎丙宗和尼美舒利);白细胞三烯拮抗剂,包括但不限于,弃白通、金硫葡糖、硫代苹果酸金钠和金诺芬;类固醇包括但不限于,阿氯米松双丙酸酯、安西奈德、倍氯美松双丙酸酯、倍他米松、苯甲酸倍他米松、倍他米松双丙酸酯、倍他米松磷酸酯钠、戊酸倍他米松、氯氟美松丙酸酯、氯可托龙戊酸酯、氢化可的松、氢化可的松衍生物、丙缩羟强龙、去羟米松、地塞米松、9-去氟肤轻松、flucoxinolide、氟羟可舒松、氯氟舒松、甲羟松、甲基强的松龙、甲基强的松龙醋酸酯、甲基氢化泼尼松琥珀酸钠、糠酸莫米松、醋酸对氟米松、泼尼松龙、泼尼松龙醋酸酯、泼尼松龙磷酸钠、泼尼松龙叔丁乙酯、泼尼松、氟羟氢泼尼松、丙炎松、醋酸确炎舒松和己酸丙炎松和其他抗炎剂,包括但不限于甲氨喋呤、秋水仙素、别嘌呤醇、丙磺舒、沙立度胺或其衍生物、5-氨基水杨酸、维甲酸、地蒽酚或卡泊三醇、苯磺唑酮和苯溴马隆。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的抗血栓药包括但不限于肝素(例如肝素钠、肝素钙、达肝素钠等)、华法林(例如华法林钾等)、抗凝血酶药(例如阿加曲班等)、溶栓药(例如尿激酶、替来激酶、阿替普酶、那替普酶、孟替普酶、帕米普酶等)、血小板聚集抑制剂(例如盐酸噻氯匹定、西洛他唑、二十碳五烯酸乙酯、贝拉普罗钠、盐酸沙格雷酯等)等。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的治疗骨质疏松症的治疗剂包括但不限于阿法骨化醇、骨化三醇、依降钙素、鲑降钙素、雌三醇、依普黄酮、帕米膦酸二钠、阿仑膦酸钠水合物、英卡膦酸二钠等。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的维生素的实例包括但不限于维生素B1、维生素B12等及其衍生物。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的抗痴呆药包括但不限于他克林、多奈哌齐、利斯的明、加兰他敏等。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的用于尿频或尿失禁的治疗剂包括但不限于盐酸黄酮哌酯、盐酸奥昔布宁、盐酸丙哌维林等。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的用于排尿困难的治疗剂包括但不限于乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂(例如地斯的明)等。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的在动物模型和临床情况中具有改善恶病质作用的治疗剂包括但不限于环加氧酶抑制剂(例如吲哚美辛等)、孕酮衍生物(例如醋酸甲地孕酮)、糖甾类(例如地塞米松等)、甲氧氯普胺药物、四氢大麻酚药物、改善脂肪代谢的药物(例如二十碳五烯酸等)、生长激素、IGF-1或恶病质诱导因子例如TNF-、LIF、IL-6、制癌蛋白M等的抗体。
与至少一种式(I)化合物联合使用的糖基化抑制剂包括但不限于,ALT-711,神经再生促进药(例如Y-128、VX853、Prosaptide等)、抗抑郁药(例如地昔帕明、阿米替林、丙咪嗪等)、抗癫痫药(例如拉莫三嗪、确乐多、左乙拉西坦(Keppra)、唑尼沙胺(Zonegran)、普瑞巴林、Harkoseride、卡马西平)、抗心律不齐药(例如美西律)、乙酰胆碱受体配体(例如ABT-594)、内皮缩血管肽受体拮抗剂(例如ABT-627)、单胺摄取抑制剂(例如曲马朵)、麻醉性镇痛药(例如吗啡)、GABA受体激动剂(例如加巴喷丁、加巴喷丁MR制剂)、2受体激动剂(例如可乐定)、局部镇痛药(例如辣椒素)、抗焦虑药(例如苯并二氮杂类)、磷酸二酯酶抑制剂(例如西地那非)、多巴胺受体激动剂(例如阿扑吗啡)等。
在某些实施方案中,本文所述联合治疗中的其他治疗剂包括但不限于药物例如肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)抑制剂(例如抗-TNF单克隆抗体(例如英夫利西单抗、CDP-870和阿达姆单抗)和TNF受体免疫球蛋白分子(例如依那西普、类克和Humira));非选择性环氧合酶COX-1/COX-2抑制剂(例如吡罗昔康、双氯芬酸、丙酸例如萘普生、氟比洛芬、非诺洛芬、酮洛芬和布洛芬、灭酸酯类例如甲芬那酸、吲哚美辛、舒林酸、阿扎丙宗、吡唑酮例如苯基保泰松、水杨酸酯例如阿司匹林)、COX-2抑制剂(例如美洛昔康、塞来考昔、罗非考昔、伐地考昔、鲁玛罗考昔、帕瑞考昔和依托考昔);糖皮质激素;甲氨喋呤、来氟米特;羟基氯喹、d-青霉胺、金诺芬或其他非肠道或口服的金制剂。
药盒
本发明提供了药物组合产品的药盒,其包含a)包含游离形式或可药用盐形式的式I(式(Ia)、(Ib)、(Ic)、(Id))的化合物,和b)至少一种共治疗剂。在某些实施方案中,该药盒进一步包含用于施用所述药物组合物的说明书。
另一方面,本发明提供了药品包装或药盒,其包括一个或多个含有用于治疗或预防与G蛋白偶联受体相关或由其介导的疾病或障碍的式(I)化合物的容器。在其他实施方案中,所述药品包装或药盒包括一个或多个含有用于治疗或预防与G蛋白偶联受体相关或由其介导的疾病或障碍的式(I)化合物的容器,以及一个或多个含有其他治疗剂的容器,所述其他治疗剂包括但不限于上文所述的那些。在某些实施方案中,所述药品包装或药盒任选包括用于施用式(I)化合物的说明书。
实施例
以下实施例用于举例说明但不限制本发明的式(I)化合物,以及所述化合物的制备。
实施例1
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸(1-5)通过三步合成,如反应流程1所示。
流程1
实施例1a:1-乙基-3-苯基硫脲(1-3)
将异硫氰酸乙酯(1-1)(652mg,7.5mmol)和苯胺(1-2)(465mg,5.0mmol)在乙腈中的溶液(5mL)加热至80℃14小时。冷却至室温后,将所述混合物倒入水中(50mL),用乙酸乙酯萃取(EtOAc)(3×50mL)。合并的有机相用盐水洗涤,MgSO4干燥。过滤除去干燥剂,真空除去溶剂。所得残余物通过快速柱色谱纯化(硅胶,EtOAc/己烷,0%~40%)获得白色粉末状的1-乙基-3-苯基硫脲(1-3)。C9H12N2S(M+H+)的HPLC-MS计算值为181.1,实测值为181.1。
实施例1b:4-(3-乙基硫脲基)苯磺酸(1-4)
将氯磺酸溶液(3mL)冷却至0℃,随后在5分钟内加入1-乙基-3-苯基硫脲(360mg,2.0mmol),将所得混合物在0℃搅拌2小时,随后加入水(10mL),产生沉淀。加入EtOAc溶解沉淀,萃取混合物(5×15mL)。浓缩合并的有机相,溶于二烷和水的混合物中(12mL,1∶1)。所得混合物加热至80℃2小时。浓缩获得灰白色固体状的4-(3-乙基硫脲基)苯磺酸(1-4)。C9H12N2O3S2(M+H+)的HPLC-MS计算值为261.0,实测值为261.0。
实施例1c:(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸(1-5)
将4-(3-乙基硫脲基)苯磺酸(1-4)(50mg,0.19mmol)和2-溴-1-(2-甲氧基苯基)乙酮(30mg,0.13mmol)在MeOH中的溶液(1mL)加热至80℃1小时,随后冷却至室温并浓缩。残余物通过制备LC/MS纯化获得白色固体状的(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸(1-5)。C18H18N2O4S2(M+H+)的HPLC-MS计算值为391.1,实测值为391.1。
实施例2
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸(2-5)通过3步合成,如反应流程2所示。
流程2
实施例2a:4-(3-乙基硫脲基)苯甲酸甲酯(2-3)
向4-氨基苯甲酸甲酯(2-2)(30.2mg,0.20mmol)在无水乙腈中的溶液(0.4mL)中加入异硫氰酸乙酯(2-1)(17.52μL,0.20mmol),随后将反应混合物在80℃加热过夜。冷却至室温后,将混合物倒入水中(50mL),用乙酸乙酯(EtOAc)萃取(3×50mL)。合并的有机层用盐水洗涤,MgSO4干燥。过滤除去干燥剂,真空除去溶剂。所得残余物通过快速柱色谱纯化(硅胶,EtOAc/己烷,0%~40%)获得4-(3-乙基硫脲基)苯甲酸甲酯(2-3)。
实施例2b:(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸甲酯(2-4)
将4-(3-乙基硫脲基)苯甲酸甲酯(2-3)(50mg,0.19mmol)和2-溴苯乙酮(39.8mg,0.20mmol)在MeOH中的溶液(1mL)加热至80℃2小时,随后冷却至室温,浓缩获得(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸甲酯(2-4)。
实施例2c:(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸(2-5)
向(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸甲酯(2-4)(50mg,0.19mmol)在MeOH中的溶液(1mL)中加入NaOH溶液(1.0mL 1N水溶液,1.0mmol)和MeOH(0.5mL)。将混合物在80℃加热1小时,除去溶剂。残余物通过制备LC/MS纯化获得(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸(2-5)。C18H16N2O2S(M+H+)HPLC-MS计算值为325.1,实测值为325.1。
实施例3
(3-[3-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,2,4-二唑-5-基]苯甲酸(3-4)通过2步合成,如反应流程3所示。
流程3
室温下向3-(甲氧基羰基)苯甲酸(3-1)(113mg,0.625mmol)在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(1mL)的溶液中加入1,1′-羰二咪唑(122mg,0.75mmol)。所得混合物继续在室温下搅拌30分钟,随后加入N′-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲脒(3-2)(83mg,0.5mmol)。随后将所得反应混合物在室温下搅拌1小时,随后在150℃搅拌4小时。冷却至室温后,将所得混合物溶于乙酸乙酯(50mL),用水(10mL)和盐水(10mL)洗涤,Na2SO4干燥,过滤并蒸发。残余物用硅胶纯化(0-50%乙酸乙酯在己烷中的溶液)获得白色固体状的3-[3-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,2-4-二唑-5-基]苯甲酸甲酯(3-3)。
将3-[3-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,2-4-二唑-5-基]苯甲酸甲酯(3-3)(30mg,0.097mmol)、LiOH(46mg,20当量)、二烷(1mL)和水(1mL)的混合物在室温下搅拌1小时,随后加入2mL 1M HCl,沉淀出白色固体。过滤沉淀,用水洗涤,干燥获得白色固体状的3-[3-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,2,4-二唑-5-基]苯甲酸。1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δ(ppm)8.67(dd,J=1.6,1.6Hz,1H),8.41(ddd,J=8.4,1.6,1.2Hz,1H),8.26(ddd,J=8.0,1.6,1.2Hz,1H),8.06(dm,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.81(dd,J=8.0,7.6Hz,1H),7.15(dm,J=8.8Hz,2H),3.86(s,3H).C16H12N2O4(M+H+)HPLC-MS计算值为297.08,实测值为297.00。
实施例4
3-[3-(4-乙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基]苯甲酸
3-[3-(4-乙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基]苯甲酸(4-4)通过两步合成,如反应流程4所示。
流程4
实施例4a:3-[4-(4-乙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基]苯甲酸乙酯(4-3)
将3-碘苯甲酸乙酯(4-1)(138mg,0.5mmol)、叠氮化钠(34mg,0.52mmol)、1-乙基-4-乙炔苯(4-2)(65mg,0.5mmol)、CuI(10mg)、MeNHCH2CH2NHMe(11μL)、抗坏血酸钠(10mg)、DMSO-H2O(v/v 5∶1,1.5mL)的混合物在室温下搅拌2小时。随后将反应混合物倒入乙酸乙酯(50mL)中,用水(10mL)和盐水(10mL)洗涤,Na2SO4干燥,过滤并蒸发。残余物用硅胶纯化(0-33%乙酸乙酯在己烷中的溶液)获得白色固体状的3-[4-(4-乙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基]苯甲酸乙酯。
实施例4b:3-[3-(4-乙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基]苯甲酸(4-4)
将3-[4-(4-乙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基]苯甲酸乙酯(4-3)(25mg,0.078mmol)、LiOH(38mg,20当量)、二烷(1mL)和水(1mL)的混合物在室温下搅拌1小时,随后添加2mL 1M HCl,形成白色固体沉淀。过滤沉淀,用水洗涤,干燥获得白色固体状的3-[3-(4-乙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基]苯甲酸(4-4)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δ(ppm)9.43(s,1H),8.48(dd,J=2.0,1.6Hz,1H),8.23(ddd,J=8.0,2.4,0.8Hz,1H),8.06(ddd,J=8.0,1.6,1.2Hz,1H),7.88(dm,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.77(dd,J=8.0,7.6Hz,1H),7.35(dm,J=8.4Hz,2H),2.66(q,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.22(t,J=7.6Hz,3H).C17H15N3O2(M+H+)的HPLC-MS计算值为294.12,实测值294.10。
实施例5
3-[1-(4-异丙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基]苯甲酸
3-[1-(4-异丙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基]苯甲酸(5-3)如反应流程5所示合成。
流程5
实施例5a:3-[1-(4-异丙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基]苯甲酸(5-3)
将1-碘-4-异丙基苯(5-1)(123mg,0.5mmol)、叠氮化钠(34mg,0.52mmol)、3-乙炔基苯甲酸(5-2)(73mg,0.5mmol)、CuI(10mg)、MeNHCH2CH2NHMe(11μL)、Et3N(51mg,0.5mmol)、抗坏血酸钠(10mg)、DMSO-H2O(v/v 5∶1,1.5mL)的混合物在室温下搅拌2小时,随后加入2mL 1M HCl。将所得混合物倒入乙酸乙酯(100mL),用水(10mL)和盐水(10mL)洗涤,Na2SO4干燥,过滤并蒸发。残余物通过硅胶纯化(0-100%乙酸乙酯在己烷中的溶液)获得白色固体的3-[1-(4-异丙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基]苯甲酸(5-3)。1H NMR(DMSO-d6)δ(ppm)9.42(s,1H),8.53(dd,J=1.6,1.6Hz,1H),8.20(ddd,J=8.0,1.6,1.2Hz,1H),7.95(ddd,J=8.0,1.6,1.2Hz,1H),7.89(dm,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.64(dd,J=8.4,8.0Hz,1H),7.51(dm,J=8.8Hz,2H),3.00(septet,J=6.8Hz,1H),1.26(d,J=6.8Hz,6H).C18H17N3O2(M+H+)HPLC-MS计算值为308.13,实测值为308.10。
通过重复上述实施例中描述的方法,使用适当的原料获得了以下式(I)的化合物,如表1所示。
表1
试验
化合物调节G蛋白偶联受体120(GPR120)的适合性可以按照以下描述的试验进行测试,或者应用本领域已知的方法例如在EP 1688138(将其内容并入本文作为实验的方法学参考)中描述的那些进行测试。
表达GPR120的细胞的产生
人GPR120稳定细胞系是在HEK293细胞中产生的。将GPR120(登录号BC101175)融合于混杂的G蛋白(Gα16)中。应用Fugene6,按照厂商说明书将表达质粒转染至HEK293细胞。在药物选择后得到稳定的细胞系。
FLIPR试验
进行FLIPR(荧光成像板读数仪,Molecular Devices)试验以测定表达GPR120的细胞中激动剂诱导的钙动员。在FLIPR试验的前一天,将HEK293-GPR120-Ga16细胞接种至聚-D-赖氨酸包被的黑色壁透明底的384孔板(Falcon)中,每孔25,000个细胞,在40μL添加1%FBS的DMEM中。将细胞在潮湿培养箱中在37℃下培养过夜。在FLIPR试验的当天,将培养基抽吸。在37℃,将细胞用50μL/孔包含Fluo-4NM染料(Invitrogen目录号F36205)的试验缓冲液(HBSS,20mM HEPES、2.5mM丙磺舒,pH7.4)培养45分钟,然后在室温下平衡30分钟。将化合物溶于DMSO中并且用试验缓冲液稀释至预期的浓度。加入化合物(12.5μL/孔)后,在FLIPR仪器上立即测量荧光输出。
根据从反应开始的荧光强度的改变计算EC50值。通常,本发明化合物的EC50值可以为5μM或更低,例如0.001μM至5μM。在某些实施例中,本发明化合物的EC50值可以为0.1μM至5μM;而在其他实施例中为0.5μM至5μM。在其它实施例中,本发明化合物的EC50值可以为2μM或更低;例如0.001μM至2μM。表1还包含各化合物对应的EC50值:+表示EC50值范围为0.001μM至0.1μM;++表示EC50值范围为0.1μM至0.25μM;+++表示EC50值范围为0.25μM至0.50μM;++++表示EC50值范围为0.50μM和1.0μM;+++++表示EC50值范围为1.0μM至5.0μM,++++++表示EC50值大于5.0μM。
某些试验结果
游离形式或可药用盐形式的各种式(I)化合物在例如本发明所述的体外试验中具有药理学性质。那些试验中的EC50值表示在基线和最大响应之间半数响应的测试化合物浓度。在某些实施例中,式(I)的化合物EC50值为0.001μM-5μM。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物EC50值为0.001μM-4μM。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物EC50值为0.001μM-3μM。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物EC50值为0.001μM-2μM。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物EC50值为0.001μM-1μM。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物EC50值为0.001μM-0.5μM。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物EC50值为0.001μM-0.25μM。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物EC50值为0.001μM-0.1μM。
游离形式或可药用盐形式的各种式(I)化合物在例如本发明所述的体外试验中具有药理学性质。那些试验中的效能%是指测试化合物相对于已知化合物的增强%。在某些实施例中,式(I)的化合物具有50%-150%的效能%。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物具有55%-150%的效能%。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物具有60%-150%的效能%。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物具有65%-150%的效能%。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物具有70%-150%的效能%。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物具有75%-150%的效能%。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物具有80%-150%的效能%。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物具有85%-150%的效能%。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物具有90%-150%的效能%。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物具有95%-150%的效能%。在其他实施例中,式(I)的化合物具有100%-150%的效能%。
例如,表2列出了某些式(I)化合物活化GPR120的EC50。各化合物的识别号是表1中的化合物编号。
表2
化合物编号 | EC50(μM) | 效能% |
2 | 0.396 | 102 |
3 | 0.547 | 85.6 |
6 | 0.541 | 123 |
7 | 0.109 | 124 |
8 | 0.780 | 88.1 |
9 | 0.207 | 98.4 |
10 | 0.485 | 86.2 |
16 | 0.479 | 96.9 |
19 | 0.628 | 81.1 |
20 | 0.119 | 77.1 |
21 | 0.446 | 84.7 |
24 | 0.184 | 71.2 |
27 | 0.7 | 65.9 |
31 | 0.078 | 114 |
40 | 0.354 | 107 |
化合物编号 | EC50(μM) | 效能% |
44 | 0.604 | 75.2 |
45 | 0.526 | 87.9 |
51 | 0.184 | 55 |
54 | 1.4 | 68.9 |
56 | 0.29 | 60.4 |
57 | 1.345 | 53.7 |
64 | 0.878 | 69 |
应当理解,本发明所述的实施例和实施方案仅用于说明的目的,本领域技术人员可以据此进行多种修饰或改变,并且这些修饰和改变均包括在本申请的精神和范围内以及所附权利要求的范围之内。本文所引用的所有公开出版物、专利和专利申请均并入本文作为参考并用于所有目的。
Claims (7)
1.式(I)的化合物:
其中:
n选自0、1、2、3和4;
A选自:
其中:
R8选自H和C1-4烷基;
R9选自C1-6烷基、卤代C1-4烷基和-X1R10;其中X1是键或C1-4亚烷基;R10是C3-8环烷基;
R1选自-COOH、-SO3H和四唑基;
R2各自独立地选自卤素和C1-4烷氧基;
R4、R5和R6独立地选自H、氰基、羟基、卤素、C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷基、卤代C1-4烷氧基、X2OR11、-X2OX3R11和-X2OX3OR11;其中R4、R5、R6中所述的X2选自键;X3是C1-4亚烷基;且R4、R5、R6中所述的R11选自C1-6烷基、吡啶基和苯基;
R3或R7独立地选自H、羟基、硝基、卤素、卤代C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、卤代C1-4烷氧基、X2OR11和-X2NR12R13;其中R3和R7中所述的X2选自键;R3和R7中所述的R11是苯基;且R12和R13独立地选自H和C1-6烷基;或
R3和R4或R5和R6与其所连接的碳原子可以一起构成苯环;
或其可药用的盐。
2.权利要求1的化合物,其中式(I)的化合物具有式(Ia)的结构:
其中:
n、R8、R9、R1、R2、R4、R5、R6、R3和R7如权利要求1中所定义,或其可药用的盐。
3.权利要求2的化合物,其中每个R2独立地为卤素。
4.权利要求3的化合物,其中每个R2独立地选自氟和溴。
5.权利要求1的化合物,选自:
(Z)-4-(4-(3-氰基苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-5-甲基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(3-氟苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(3-溴苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2,5-二氯苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-苯氧基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-N-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基)-4-(2H-四唑-5-基)苯胺,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)-2,3-二氟苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-(三氟甲基)苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(3-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)-2-氟苯甲酸,
(Z)-2-溴-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-苯基-3-丙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-异丙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(3-羟基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2-溴-5-羟基苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(3-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-(环丙基甲基)-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-仲丁基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-(2,2-二氟乙基)-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-苯基-3-(2,2,2-三氟乙基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)-2,3,5,6-四氟苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(3-(苄氧基)苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(3-(吡啶-2-基甲氧基)苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(3-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2-氯苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(3-氯苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(3-甲氧基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2-氯苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(3-氯苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-苯基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯磺酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2,6-二氯苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2,3-二氯苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(萘-1-基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(萘-2-基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2-溴苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2-氨基苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-硝基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-(甲基氨基)苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(2-(二甲基氨基)苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(3-溴苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(3-乙基-4-(2-羟基苯基)噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,
(Z)-4-(4-(3-氰基苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸,和
(Z)-4-(4-(5-溴-2-羟基苯基)-3-乙基噻唑-2(3H)-亚基氨基)苯甲酸。
6.药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的权利要求1-5任一项的化合物和可药用的载体。
7.权利要求1-5任一项的化合物在制备治疗患者的涉及GPR120调节的疾病或障碍的药物中的用途,其中所述疾病或障碍选自糖尿病、肥胖、血脂异常、厌食症、食欲过盛、内分泌异常、甘油三酯贮积病、巴比二氏综合征、劳-穆综合征、普-拉-威综合征和恶病质。
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AU2009271328A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
EP2300442A2 (en) | 2011-03-30 |
US8362050B2 (en) | 2013-01-29 |
EA019001B1 (ru) | 2013-12-30 |
CA2729212A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
CN102076670A (zh) | 2011-05-25 |
CA2729212C (en) | 2014-04-01 |
BRPI0914629A2 (pt) | 2019-09-24 |
KR101273765B1 (ko) | 2013-06-12 |
WO2010008831A2 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
JP2011525534A (ja) | 2011-09-22 |
US20110172278A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
JP5400878B2 (ja) | 2014-01-29 |
KR20110022693A (ko) | 2011-03-07 |
US20130096165A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
MX2010014569A (es) | 2011-03-29 |
EA201100062A1 (ru) | 2011-08-30 |
AU2009271328B2 (en) | 2012-09-06 |
WO2010008831A3 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
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