CN101675213B - Ram bop position sensor - Google Patents
Ram bop position sensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101675213B CN101675213B CN200880005319.6A CN200880005319A CN101675213B CN 101675213 B CN101675213 B CN 101675213B CN 200880005319 A CN200880005319 A CN 200880005319A CN 101675213 B CN101675213 B CN 101675213B
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- flashboard
- ram
- piston
- waveguide
- piston tail
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
- E21B33/061—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
- E21B33/061—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams
- E21B33/062—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams
- E21B33/063—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams for shearing drill pipes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
- E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
- E21B33/06—Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
- E21B33/061—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams
- E21B33/062—Ram-type blow-out preventers, e.g. with pivoting rams with sliding rams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices Characterised By Use Of Acoustic Means (AREA)
- Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of method for determining wellhead component motion, including：The relative position of wellhead component is sensed in selected time interval with magnetostrictive sensor.This method includes sending the signal from magnetostrictive sensor to data acquisition equipment, and relative to selected time interval with the relative position of data acquisition equipment record wellhead component.In addition, this method includes the position of the wellhead component of record compares with operational data to determine whether relative position is desired.
Description
Technical field
Embodiment disclosed herein relates generally to the instrument of ram preventer.More specifically, embodiment disclosed herein
It is related to the direct measurement of the position of flashboard in ram preventer, speed and rate of motion.
Background technology
Well control is an importance of oil-gas exploration.For example, when a well is drilled, safety means must be in place to prevent
Injury to personnel caused by the accident relevant with drilling activities and device are impaired.
Drilling process includes penetrating the geologic structure or " layer " of various undergrounds.Sometimes well can be penetratingly formed pressure substantially
In the layer that pressure is kept higher than well.When this happens, this mouthful of well is just referred to as there occurs " well kick ".The stream of formation
Body (can be the mixing of liquid, gas or both) flows into well and pressure would generally be caused to increase and well kick is accompanied by.Higher pressure
Strong well kick can be propagated (from higher-pressure region to low-pressure area) upwards from the inlet point of well along wellhole.If allowing kick to ground
Surface, drilling fluid, well tool and other drilling equipments may be blown out well.This " blowout " (can for example be wrapped to drilling rig
Include rig) cause serious damage or cause the injures and deaths of drilling implementer.
Due to there is the danger of blowout, therefore well head in ground surface or deep water drilling arrangements seabed is installed above is known as preventing
The equipment of spray apparatus, well kick is controlled in order to effectively seal against well until that can carry out effective measures.Preventer can be activated
So that well kick is fully controlled and makes it from system " to outer circulation ".There is the preventer of several types, wherein the most commonly used
It is ram preventer and annular preventer (including spherical blow-out preventer).
Ram preventer typically has the body cover lid relative with least one pair of level.Cover lid is generally by around its week
Side is for example bolted on body.Alternatively, cover lid can be by hinge and being bolted on body so that cover lid can
Side is rolled over to be safeguarded.The inside of each cover lid is the flashboard of piston driving.Flashboard can be Pipe rams (startup
When, move to and engage with drilling pipe and well tool and surround drilling pipe and well tool is to seal well), or shear ram (during startup, moves to
Engaged with any drilling pipe in well or well tool and physical shear is carried out to it).Or blank ram is (during startup, as gate
Valve equally closes wellhole).Flashboard is typically located opposite to each other, either Pipe rams, shear ram or blank ram,
Flashboard typically mutually reclines near the heart and sealed in the wellbore, so that well is fully sealed.
Flashboard is generally made up of steel and is provided with elastomeric element on the sealing surface.Ram blocks (ram block) can be used for
The various constructions for allowing it to seal well.Pipe rams are typically opened in the circle of the middle pipe diameter for having and corresponding in hole
Mouthful, so as to seal up well when pipe is in hole；However, these Pipe rams can only effectively seal the pipe diameter of limited range.
Variable wellhole flashboard is designed to seal larger range of pipe diameter.Various ram blocks can also be changed in preventer, with
It is particular bore cavity portion or ongoing optimization blowout preventer configuration to allow well operator.The example of ram blowout preventer exists
United States Patent (USP) No.6, in 554,247, No.6,244,560, No.5,897,094, No.5,655,745, and No.4,647,002
It is disclosed, wherein each patent is incorporated by herein by quoting.
Know hole condition for keeping the normal work of well and predicting generation problem it is very important.Joined by these
Number, well can be more effectively monitored to keep safe condition.In addition, when detecting unsafe condition, well can manually or
Automatically begin to shut off in good time.For example, the pressure and temperature sensor in transducers blowout preventer cavities may indicate that or predict unsafe condition.
These and other signals are shown on the console that well operator uses as control signal.For example, well operator can be by adjusting
Save the circulating pump of the downward pressure on the velocity of rotation of drilling pipe, drill bit and drilling fluid and influence the situation of well.In addition, when hope is closed
When closing ram block, the position for knowing each flashboard exactly for operator is very useful.
A kind of letter for sending the part relative position in closure (being not necessarily preventer housing) used in the past
Number indicate equipment be potentiometric transducer.This equipment uses one or more sensors, and the sensor easily weares and teares
And it is inaccurate in the presence of a harsh environment.Moreover, this sensor is easily lifted from whether tracked surface, this causes
Do not prepare.Further, the loss of power frequently results in the reading of distortion, because these equipment work special revolution or wire
The related value of section incrementally adds deduct to value before.Moreover, such as these equipment is well-known poor high quick-mounting
Put.Therefore, potential measurement is otiose for the accurate location parameter for determining ram movement.In addition, potentiometric transducer
Be not suitable for high-speed applications, thus potentiometric transducer be rarely employed in flashboard monitoring application or without using.
In addition, the incremental measuring devices of only measurement intermediary movements have following inherent defect：Must when occurring power failure
Baseline must be reset to, and with continuous measurement generation without accuracy.
In order to improve the degree of accuracy of measurement ram position, magnetostrictive sensor be used to monitoring and/or controlling flashboard
Position.United States Patent (USP) No.5,320, the 325 and No.5 being such as incorporated by reference into, described by 407,172, the piston of flashboard drives
Swing arm is placed in parallel with fixed magnetisable waveguide.Magnet assembly is around waveguide and is attached to bracket arm, the bracket arm
It is attached to piston tail.
In United States Patent (USP) No.7,023,199,7,121,185 and 6,509,733, magnetostrictive sensor is arranged on sense
In the inside opening for surveying device port.Sensor has the inner chamber for extending to piston only and is telescopically received in piston and bar group
Pressure pipe in the bar passage of part.
In above-mentioned each patent, the positioning of magnetostrictive sensor is not optimal.For example, in United States Patent (USP) No.7,
In 023,199, because sensor is extended in the chamber of cylinder body, progress maintenance necessarily requires flashboard not work on sensor unit
Make.Although in the chamber for not entering cylinder body, sensor and using United States Patent (USP) No.5, the attachment of the bracket arm in 320,325 can be led
Cause the inaccurate measurement of ram position and the manufacturing cost of ram preventer can be increased.
Therefore, the invention is characterised in that providing positioning or the position of a kind of accurate measurement ram block or ram piston
Improve device.
Accordingly, it would be desirable to positioning or the improvement device of position of a kind of accurate measurement ram block or ram piston.
The content of the invention
On the one hand, this disclosure relates to a kind of method for monitoring the cylinder pressure being applied on ram block, methods described
Including：The relative position of ram block is sensed with magnetostrictive sensor；Signal from magnetostrictive sensor is sent
To data acquisition equipment；The cylinder pressure being applied on flashboard is sensed with pressure sensing device；By from pressure sensing device
Signal is sent to data acquisition equipment；And the sensing as the function of the relative position sensed is recorded using data acquisition equipment
The cylinder pressure arrived.
On the other hand, this disclosure relates to which a kind of method for testing preventer part, methods described includes carrying out preventer
Loop test；The cylinder pressure being applied on ram block is sensed and recorded in select location in loop test；And
Sensed in loop test with magnetostrictive sensor and record ram position.
On the other hand, this disclosure relates to which a kind of method for determining wellhead component motion, methods described is included with magnetostriction
Sensor senses the relative position of the wellhead component；Signal from magnetostrictive sensor is sent to data acquisition and set
It is standby；Relative to selected time interval, the relative position of wellhead component is recorded with data acquisition equipment；And by the well head of record
The position of part is compared with operational data to determine whether relative position is desired.
On the other hand, this disclosure relates to which a kind of ram blowout preventer, it includes body；Through the vertical holes of body；With erecting
The intersecting lateral aperture through body of straight hole；A pair of flashboard assemblies being placed in the lateral aperture of body opposite side, wherein flashboard group
Part is applied to controllably horizontal movement, and to vertical holes and from vertical holes, controllably horizontal movement goes out, wherein each flashboard assembly includes
Hydraulic piston, the piston is connected to ram blocks in first end, and piston tail is connected at the second end；Extend at least one work
Fill in the magnetostrictive waveguide pipe in the hole of afterbody；The permanent magnet being placed at least one piston tail；Magnetostrictive waveguide pipe bag
Wire is included to receive the interrogation pulse from sensor, wherein relative position of the interrogation pulse in response to permanent magnet on waveguide
Produce helical return signal；Wherein sensor configuration is used to receive helical return signal and export to correspond at least one piston tail part
The ram blocks position in portion.
On the other hand, this disclosure relates to which a kind of method for the relative position for determining flashboard, methods described is included in piston tail part
The magnetostrictive waveguide that is bonded with each other in the hole in portion pipe；With at least one permanent magnet longitudinal magnetization waveguide fixed to piston tail
A part；It is pointed to the wire on the inside of waveguide and imposes pulse to produce toroidal magnetic field, wherein when toroidal magnetic field runs into waveguide
Return signal is produced during pipe longitudinal magnetization part；And the relative position of flashboard is determined from return signal.
On the other hand, this disclosure relates to which a kind of method that instrument is added to ram preventer, methods described includes removing cylinder
Lid closure；Piston tail is removed from hydraulic ram piston；The piston tail changed is installed, the piston tail of the replacing includes
Hole；The cylinder head enclosure changed is installed, the cylinder head enclosure of the replacing includes instrument port；Magnet assembly is attached to piston
Afterbody；And by magnetostrictive sensor set from the cylinder head enclosure of replacing so that magnetostrictive sensor be configured to
Hydraulic ram piston to move back and forth and engage and depart from piston tail bore.
According to following description and appended claims, other aspects of the present invention and advantage will become clearer.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the partial sectional view of the ram preventer of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the ram blowout preventer bonnet component according to embodiment disclosed herein.
Fig. 3 is the detailed view of a part for Fig. 2 ram blowout preventer bonnet component.
Fig. 4 depicts a width curve map, and it shows the cylinder of the function as ram gap in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
Body pressure.
Embodiment
On the one hand, embodiment disclosed herein is related to ram preventer, and it includes being used to determine ram position in preventer
Instrument.On the other hand, embodiment disclosed herein relates to determining the position of flashboard in ram preventer, speed, or
The method of closing rate.
Fig. 1 shows ram blowout preventer 10.Shown well casing 12 passes through the central vertical bore 14 of the body 16 of preventer 10, institute
State well casing 12 can for drill string at the top of by drilling well a part or be oil or the well under gas product flow string one
Part.Body 16 may include transverse to hole 14, relative horizontal channel 18.Horizontal channel can extend out to and be connected to body
16 cover lid 17.What is worked in passage 18 is the flashboard 20 driven by the hydraulic piston 22 in respective cylinder sleeve 23, the cylinder
Set 23 is located in the respective hydraulic cylinder 19 that cover lid 17 is outwards connected.Piston 22 can make flashboard 20 past back and forth in horizontal channel 18
Multiple motion opens or closes packer or wear-resistant gasket 24 so as to the surface relative to pipeline 12 on the face of flashboard 20.Hydraulic fluid
Connecting portion (not shown) works with locating rams 20 together with opening room 25 and close chamber 26.
As indicated, ram preventer 10 may include the tail portion 28 for being connected to piston 22.The afterbody 28 of piston 22 is in cylinder
Moved back and forth in lid 30, the cylinder cap 30 may be bolted or be otherwise connected to cylinder body 19.
As indicated above, it is desirable to know the position of flashboard 20 or positioned for flashboard 20.This can be by by magnetostrictive sensor
Positioning parts are realized in hydraulic cylinder head enclosure (it is connected to the cylinder body 19 shown in Fig. 1).Those skilled in the art will recognize
Know embodiment disclosed herein and can be widely applied to any ram blowout preventer, or even be applied more broadly in any use lock
The equipment of plate.
Fig. 2 and 3 shows and equipped according to the cylinder cap of embodiment disclosed herein with sensor.Cylinder cap 30 can be connected by screw thread
Connect, weld, flange connection or as known in the art any other connect and be connected to cylinder body 19.Piston 22 (is beaten completely at it
The position opened is shown) piston tail 28 is may be connected to, the piston tail 28, which has, at least partly extends through piston tail 28
Piston tail bore 32.Magnet assembly 38 can it is concentric with piston tail 28 and by screw 40 be attached to piston tail 28 (
It is non-magnetic screws in some embodiments).Packing ring 42 (such as O-shaped packing ring) can be placed in magnet assembly 38 and piston tail 28 it
Between.
Magnet assembly 38 may include two or more permanent magnets.In certain embodiments, magnet assembly 38 includes three
Magnet；Then include four magnets in other embodiments, more than four magnets are then may include in a further embodiment.
Fixed waveguide 44 can be located in cylinder cap 30, and can extend at least partially into the piston tail of piston tail 28
Hole 32.Preferably, piston tail 28 and waveguide 44 are radially spaced apart from without disturbing the motion of piston 22 or causing waveguide 44
On abrasion.Similarly, magnet assembly 38 can be radially spaced apart with waveguide 44.In selected embodiment, magnet assembly 38
Magnet can be in the plane of waveguide 44.
In addition, conducting element or wire (not shown) are positioned through the center of waveguide 44.Wire and waveguide can
The sensor 46 outside cylinder cap 30 is connected to by communications ports 48.Sensor 46 may also include guiding line and send inquiry electricity
Flow the appropriate means of pulse.
O-ring between cylinder cap 30 and hydraulic cylinder 19 seals against leakage.O-ring can be additionally used in sealing connection
Connection between port 48 and sensor 46.
When flashboard 20 is axially moved, piston tail 28 and magnet assembly 38 are axially moved identical amount.Therefore, by putting
In the work of magnetostrictive sensor therein, the position of flashboard 20 can be determined on a continuous basis.
On the work of magnetostrictive sensor, magnetostriction refers to some metals (such as iron or nickel or iron-nickel alloy)
It can stretch or shrink when placed in a magnetic field.When magnet assembly 38 is on 44 longitudinal translation of waveguide, magnetostrictive waveguide
Pipe 44 can have longitudinal magnetized area in outside magnet assembly 38.As described above, magnet assembly 38 include permanent magnet, it is described forever
Magnet can be located on uniform intervals position spaced apart from each other in the plane transverse to waveguide 44, and relative to waveguide 44
Surface is equally radially spaced.Magnet assembly 38 generate can the certain area of longitudinal magnetization waveguide 44 external magnetic field.
Waveguide 44 surrounds the wire (not shown) along its axis location.The wire can periodically be imposed pulse or with this
Well-known mode is inquired with electric current in field, for example, pass through the sensor 46 positioned at the outside of closure member 30.This electric current production
The toroidal magnetic field around wire and waveguide 44 is given birth to.When toroidal magnetic field is intersected with the magnetic field produced by magnet assembly 38, in ripple
Helical magnetic field is sensed in conduit 44, so as to generate the sound wave pulse propagated to the two ends of waveguide 44.In the end of waveguide 44
Suitable damper (not shown) can prevent pulse echo reverberations generation.However, on sensor end or head, helicon
Wave guide twist is converted into, lateral stress is applied to by it to be connected to the very thin magnetostriction of waveguide 44 and take.It is known as
The phenomenon of Villari effect causes the magnet magnetic linkage through sensing coil to be upset and cross-line by propagation stress wave on the belt
Circle produces voltage.Sensor 46 can also be in order to measure or control purpose to increase this voltage.
Because current impulse is to approach light velocity propagation, and sound wave pulse is only propagated with the general velocity of sound, compared to head end electronics
Equipment produce electric pulse time, head-end transducer receive each pulse at the time of between existence time interval.This time
Interval is external magnets component 38 from the function with a distance from the sensor side of pipe.Pass through careful time of measuring interval and divided by pipe
Propagation rate, it may be determined that absolute distance of the magnet assembly from the head end of pipe.
In the case of dropout, information is not lost, thus any reading need not all be zeroed or again multiple again
Position.Position of the reading completely by magnet assembly 38 relative to sensor 46 is determined.
By the absolute position for being aware of flashboard, it is possible to determine whether flashboard completely closes, whether flashboard is lifted, lock
Recoil or may wear to what journey that what degree, and piston mechanism packer or wear-resistant gasket before plate may wear in
Degree.By continuous interrogation pulse, piston shutdown rate or speed, and the rate of motion of piston or acceleration and deceleration can be measured
Rate.
" ram gap " used herein refers to the translational gap between the relative flashboard of the level of preventer.In choosing
In the embodiment selected, ram gap can be by determining the absolute position of each flashboard (so that the relative distance quilt between flashboard
Calculate) and calculate and record.In the embodiment of selection, ram block position, which can be used to be similar in Fig. 2 and 3, to be shown
Cylinder body and sensor equipment, or determined using any other instrumentation mechanism as known in the art.In addition, flashboard is relative
Position can be transmitted to available for the data acquisition equipment for calculating and recording ram gap.In selected embodiment, lock
Sheet separation can be quantified by the spacing distance between two flashboards for measuring or calculating (such as inch, centimetre etc.).
In addition, " cylinder pressure " used herein refers to being applied to the hydraulic pressure value on piston, the piston is configured
For closing ram block.So, cylinder pressure can be measured in each position (such as in different ram gaps) and is recorded.
So, pressure transducer may include according to the preventer of embodiment disclosed herein or is arranged to sense appointing for cylinder pressure
What other equipment.In addition, pressure sensing device can be transmitted signal to data acquisition equipment to record the cylinder body pressure in select location
By force.
Alternatively, force snesor can be used for providing and recording actual ram force, and wherein ram force is cylinder pressure
Function.For purposes of this disclosure, cylinder pressure is interchangeably used with ram force, because ram force may be defined as cylinder pressure
It is multiplied by the cross-sectional area of ram piston.
Referring now to 4, a width curve map is shown, it shows the letter as ram gap in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
Several cylinder pressures.Data shown in Fig. 4 are observed when being and shearing the cable and pipe of variously-shaped and size with ram block
's.Foregoing any apparatus and method can be used to measure and record for this data.Curve map includes data point and curve, and has
Help understand the ambient conditions that flashboard is closed around object.
The data point that curve is observed when being and shearing various cables and pipe with ram block is constituted.Curve 100 shows
The data observed when being sheared with new " ram blocks " to shear joint (Shear Sub) are gone out, wherein ram blocks are attached
The part of flashboard is connected to, the flashboard is configured to shear the object for extending through preventer.Similarly, curve 200 is shown
The data observed when being sheared with used ram blocks to shear joint.Curve 300 depicts 5.5 inches of heavy walls of shearing
The data observed during pipe, curve 500 depicts the data observed when shearing 3.5 inch pipes and cable with preventer.Finally,
The data that curve 600 is observed when showing and being sheared with preventer and there was only cable.
In addition, the data point of curve map reflection can represent that some events occur when ram block is closed around object.
In particular, data point 401 represents that cylinder pressure begins to exceed the position that operator closes pressure after contact object.In addition such as
Shown, data point 402 can represent to need the cylinder pressure of the pipe for cutting across preventer and/or cable in curve map.In addition,
Data point 402 can represent the position of the flashboard when pipe and/or cable are sheared." shear pressure " used herein is to need to open
The cylinder pressure of beginning shearing pipe and/or cable.Data point 403 can represent the position of rams contact flexible elements (such as seal)
Put.Data point 404 can represent position and cylinder pressure when the rams make contact with one another.Data point 405 can be represented from flashboard and close
The increased cylinder pressure of sealing contact start, by this it is meant that flashboard is completely closed.
In one embodiment, preventer may include to be similar to cylinder body, flashboard and the sensor equipment shown in Fig. 2 and 3.
Preventer can carry out loop test by repeatedly opening and closing flashboard.One cycle may include to open and close flashboard completely
Once.Loop test is method as known in the art, and it can be used for the reliability for assessing tested part.When preventer is carried out
During loop test, being included in the data of the cylinder pressure of select location (that is, ram gap) can be measured simultaneously in each circulation
Record.Then this data can be compiled to show preventer part (for example, seal, packer, wearing plate and locking mechanism)
How to react or move in the circulating cycle.This data can be used for determining when to need to change or reforming part.Change preventer portion
The reason for part, may include, but be not limited to, excessive recoil and abrasion.
The wellhead component of other in industry can be influenceed by prolonged exercise.Wellhead component may include such as well head connection
Device, failsafe valve, pod wedges (pod wedge), diverter lock stacks the accumulation bottle installed, and this area is
Any other part known.In one embodiment, including magnetostrictive sensor sensor equipment can be used for determine at least
The position of one wellhead component.Magnetostrictive sensor can send signal to data acquisition equipment, and then data acquisition equipment can
The position of record at least one wellhead component.Magnetostrictive sensor can be in selected time interval to data acquisition equipment
Multiple signals are sent, any motion of the wellhead component in selected time interval is thereby indicated that.
Also need to add instrument to existing ram preventer., can only more in order to add instrument to existing ram preventer
A part for ram preventer is changed or transforms, to reduce the cost that upgrading existing equipment makes it needed for including instrument.For example, can
By only change or transform cylinder head enclosure and piston tail with to existing ram preventer add instrument.
Existing cylinder head enclosure and piston tail can be removed.The piston tail removed can be transformed into for instrument
Centre bore is simultaneously re-attached to hydraulic piston, or is transformed into the new piston tail part with centre bore that could attach to hydraulic piston
Portion.Similarly, cylinder head enclosure can be transformed into including instrument port, or is transformed into and be may be connected to ram blowout preventer body
New cylinder head enclosure with instrument port.Magnet assembly can be attached to the piston tail with centre bore, and as above
Described, magnetostrictive sensor can be at least partially disposed within the centre bore of piston tail.
, it is necessary to calibrate magnetostrictive sensor to the fully open and fully closed position of flashboard after addition instrument.Separately
Outside, for determining that the instrument of ram position can be operably connected to numerical control system.The numerical control system then can
For based on the electric signal monitoring from magnetostrictive sensor, display and/or the position for controlling flashboard.
Advantageously, embodiment disclosed herein can provide the instrument easily installed for ram preventer, and it can be surveyed exactly
Measure the position of flashboard, speed and acceleration.In addition, embodiment disclosed herein will not enter hydraulic cylinder intracavitary, this can be provided
Extra advantage.
In addition, embodiment disclosed herein can allow the flexibility of ram preventer part, while there is provided flashboard blowout prevention
The consistent construction of device.For example, consumer, which may want to ram preventer, has instrument or without instrument.Connect flashboard and piston
Bar integrality not due to place sensor endoporus presence and suffer damage (sensor is placed at the endoporus in bar),
No matter therefore all need not strengthen or transform using and without using the bar of instrument.In addition, the cylinder cap and afterbody that are provided by instrument
Easily it can be exchanged with not providing the cylinder cap and afterbody of instrument port.In this way, part is interchangeable, and existing ram preventer can
Easily it is transform as including instrument, consumer is by the flexibility for having product selection without worrying inconsistent manufacture.
Embodiment disclosed herein can be advantageously provided for the method for testing and monitoring preventer part, thus detection
And/or the problem of prevent potential in work or hidden danger (issues).For example, embodiment disclosed herein can provide one kind in lock
The method that recoil is sensed in the locking mechanism of plate.In addition, embodiment disclosed herein can provide a kind of test and measurement is included in
The service life of some of preventer part (for example, seal, packer, locking mechanism) and/or maintenance time interval
Method.In addition, embodiment disclosed herein can provide a kind of detection abrasion before preventer work or in work and/or disturb hidden
The method of trouble.
In addition, embodiment disclosed herein can advantageously provide record long-time closing position to be rubber components figure
The method and apparatus of mark estimation residual life.In addition, embodiment disclosed herein may be provided in seal process and test process
Monitoring position of BOP components how to be acted on to determine elastic sealing element and react so that the improvable device of elastomer design with
Method.In addition, embodiment disclosed herein, which can be provided, determines when that pipe is sheared by ram preventer, thus influence wanting for accumulator
The method and apparatus asked.
Moreover, embodiment disclosed herein can be used for the motion of piston in annular preventer.This embodiment may include to make
With position indicator to determine the replacing construction interval of wearing plate and packing units for annular preventer.In addition, public herein
The embodiment opened can be used for stacked components, and it includes, but not limited to wellhead connector, failsafe valve, pod wedges, shunting
Device locking piece and pressure accumulation bottle.
Although the present invention is described on the embodiment of limited quantity, the those skilled in the art benefited from the disclosure will
Other embodiment can be designed by recognizing, without departing from the scope of present invention disclosed herein.Therefore, the scope of the present invention should
Only it is limited by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of ram blowout preventer, including：
Body；
Through the vertical holes of the body；
The lateral aperture through the body intersected with the vertical holes；
A pair of flashboard assemblies being placed on the opposite side of the body in lateral aperture, wherein the flashboard assembly is suitable to controllably
To the vertical holes and from the vertical holes, controllably horizontal movement goes out for horizontal movement, wherein each flashboard assembly includes hydraulic pressure
Piston, the hydraulic piston is connected to ram blocks in first end, and piston tail is connected at the second end；
A pair of cylinder caps, it is configured to attach to the body and receives corresponding piston tail；
Magnetostrictive waveguide pipe, the first end of the magnetostrictive waveguide pipe is attached to one of the pair of cylinder cap, the mangneto
Second end of telescopic waveguide pipe is independent and extends to be formed in the hole of at least one piston tail, and the hole is formed in institute
State inside at least one piston tail；
The permanent magnet being placed at least one described piston tail；And
The magnetostrictive waveguide pipe includes wire to receive the interrogation pulse from sensor, wherein the interrogation pulse is responded
In the permanent magnet helical return signal is produced on the relative position of the waveguide；
Wherein described sensor is configured to receive the helical return signal and export to correspond at least one described piston tail part
The ram blocks position in portion.
2. ram blowout preventer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the magnetostrictive waveguide pipe is by longitudinal flux
Change.
3. ram blowout preventer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the interrogation pulse produces ring around wire
Magnetic field.
4. ram blowout preventer according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the helical return signal is in response to the ring
Produced to the interaction of magnetic field and the longitudinal magnetized area of the waveguide.
5. a kind of method for the relative position for determining flashboard, methods described includes：
The magnetostrictive waveguide that is bonded with each other in the hole of piston tail pipe, the hole is formed in the inside of the piston tail；
Utilize the part fixed to waveguide described at least one permanent magnet longitudinal magnetization in the piston tail；
It is pointed to the wire on the inside of the waveguide and imposes pulse to produce toroidal magnetic field, wherein when the toroidal magnetic field runs into institute
Return signal is produced when stating waveguide longitudinal magnetization part；
The relative position of the flashboard is determined from the return signal.
6. method according to claim 5, further comprises：The return signal is sensed over a time period to determine
State the speed of flashboard.
7. method according to claim 6, further comprises：Determine the closing rate of the flashboard.
8. a kind of increase the method for instrument to ram preventer, methods described includes：
Remove cylinder head enclosure；
Piston tail is removed from hydraulic ram piston；
The piston tail changed is installed, the piston tail of the replacing includes the hole formed in it；
The cylinder head enclosure changed is installed, the cylinder head enclosure of the replacing includes instrument port；
Magnet assembly is attached in the piston tail；And
Arrange the magnetostrictive sensor of the cylinder head enclosure from the replacing so that the magnetostrictive sensor is configured
Moved back and forth into the hydraulic ram piston so as to engaging and depart from the piston tail bore.
9. method according to claim 8, further comprises：The magnetostrictive sensor is calibrated to indicate the flashboard
Fully open position and the flashboard fully closed position.
10. method according to claim 8, further comprises：
The magnetostrictive sensor is operably connected to numerical control system；With
The position of the flashboard is determined using the magnetostrictive sensor.
11. method according to claim 10, further comprises：Based on the electric signal from the magnetostrictive sensor
Show the position of the flashboard.
12. method according to claim 10, further comprises：Based on the electric signal from the magnetostrictive sensor
Control the position of the flashboard.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710679846.6A CN107575182A (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2008-02-13 | Ram bop position sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/675,861 US7832706B2 (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2007-02-16 | RAM BOP position sensor |
| US11/675,861 | 2007-02-16 | ||
| US12/026,851 | 2008-02-06 | ||
| US12/026,851 US7980305B2 (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2008-02-06 | Ram BOP position sensor |
| PCT/US2008/053840 WO2008101005A1 (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2008-02-13 | Ram bop position sensor |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710679846.6A Division CN107575182A (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2008-02-13 | Ram bop position sensor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101675213A CN101675213A (en) | 2010-03-17 |
| CN101675213B true CN101675213B (en) | 2017-09-15 |
Family
ID=39690507
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710679846.6A Pending CN107575182A (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2008-02-13 | Ram bop position sensor |
| CN200880005319.6A Active CN101675213B (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2008-02-13 | Ram bop position sensor |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710679846.6A Pending CN107575182A (en) | 2007-02-16 | 2008-02-13 | Ram bop position sensor |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR101526612B1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN107575182A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR065366A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2008216253B2 (en) |
| CA (3) | CA2890474A1 (en) |
| EA (1) | EA014181B1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2009008764A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO343795B1 (en) |
| SG (1) | SG178796A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008101005A1 (en) |
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| US9109421B2 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2015-08-18 | Hydril USA Distribution LLC | Deformation resistant opening chamber head and method |
| CN103025995B (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2016-11-16 | 国民油井华高公司 | Preventer monitoring system and using method thereof |
| US9188241B2 (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2015-11-17 | Hydril USA Distribution LLC | Visual ram position indicator apparatuses and methods |
| KR102171653B1 (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2020-10-30 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Apparatus and method for test of bop control system |
| KR102130718B1 (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2020-07-07 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | System for training in bop operation |
| EP3715795A1 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-09-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Positioning in a high pressure area |
| CN110284851B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2024-07-02 | 唐建华 | Hydraulic locking device of ram blowout preventer |
| US11970933B2 (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2024-04-30 | Helmerich & Payne Technologies, Llc | Transducer assembly for oil and gas wells |
| CN114837650B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2024-08-16 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Device for transmitting sound wave vibration |
| US11905824B2 (en) | 2022-05-06 | 2024-02-20 | Cameron International Corporation | Land and lock monitoring system for hanger |
| CN117404079B (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-03-08 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Online diagnosis and evaluation method and system for shearing process of ram blowout preventer |
| CN117868796A (en) * | 2024-03-07 | 2024-04-12 | 河北华北石油荣盛机械制造有限公司 | Blowout preventer piston position monitoring system and method |
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| US5320325A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1994-06-14 | Hydril Company | Position instrumented blowout preventer |
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- 2008-02-13 CA CA2890474A patent/CA2890474A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-02-13 CA CA2677653A patent/CA2677653C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-02-13 EA EA200970775A patent/EA014181B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-02-13 WO PCT/US2008/053840 patent/WO2008101005A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-02-13 CN CN201710679846.6A patent/CN107575182A/en active Pending
- 2008-02-13 MX MX2009008764A patent/MX2009008764A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2008-02-13 KR KR1020097017054A patent/KR101526612B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-02-13 CA CA2890472A patent/CA2890472C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-02-13 AU AU2008216253A patent/AU2008216253B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-02-13 CN CN200880005319.6A patent/CN101675213B/en active Active
- 2008-02-15 AR ARP080100650A patent/AR065366A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2009-08-13 NO NO20092833A patent/NO343795B1/en unknown
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| US5320325A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1994-06-14 | Hydril Company | Position instrumented blowout preventer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EA014181B1 (en) | 2010-10-29 |
| AR065366A1 (en) | 2009-06-03 |
| MX2009008764A (en) | 2009-08-27 |
| WO2008101005A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
| NO20092833L (en) | 2009-09-16 |
| CN107575182A (en) | 2018-01-12 |
| CA2890472A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
| AU2008216253B2 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
| CN101675213A (en) | 2010-03-17 |
| CA2890474A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
| AU2008216253A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
| CA2890472C (en) | 2016-10-04 |
| CA2677653A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
| KR101526612B1 (en) | 2015-06-05 |
| EA200970775A1 (en) | 2010-02-26 |
| KR20090120464A (en) | 2009-11-24 |
| SG178796A1 (en) | 2012-03-29 |
| NO343795B1 (en) | 2019-06-11 |
| CA2677653C (en) | 2015-07-21 |
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