CN109622610A - Heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration method - Google Patents
Heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109622610A CN109622610A CN201910091281.9A CN201910091281A CN109622610A CN 109622610 A CN109622610 A CN 109622610A CN 201910091281 A CN201910091281 A CN 201910091281A CN 109622610 A CN109622610 A CN 109622610A
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- bletilla striata
- amaranthus
- grain production
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration methods, comprising the following steps: S1, First Year July ~ August, site preparation ridging；Bletilla striata planting seedlings are cultivated on ridge, November: remove bletilla striata ground cauline leaf by S2, First Year late August ~ mid-September；S3,3 ~ May of second year: Grain Production of Amaranthus seed is seeded in furrow, 5 ~ July of second year: after first batch of Grain Production of Amaranthus harvesting, being completed second batch of Grain Production of Amaranthus plantation, 7 ~ September of second year: after second batch of Grain Production of Amaranthus harvesting, being completed the plantation of Grain Production of Amaranthus third stubble；S4, second year September: the management of bletilla striata fruit and harvest, second year November: the harvesting of third stubble Grain Production of Amaranthus, bletilla striata aerial part are removed.The beneficial effects of the present invention are: two kinds of plant repair modes are organically combined, using the cultivation mode made between the two, " removal " to Cadmium in Soil is not only completed, Cadmium Pollution in Soils is effectively reduced, and the bletilla striata of harvest realizes higher economic benefit as Chinese medicine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration methods.
Background technique
Heavy metal pollution of soil phytoremediation technology, including plant extraction and plant barrier.Plant extraction technology refers to utilization
There is some pairs of heavy metals the special plant of stronger accumulation ability heavy metal is drawn from soil, is shifted, is stored on the ground
Portion simultaneously removes a kind of method of pollutant in soil by harvesting plant shoot, it is desirable that plant used have biomass it is big,
The feature that growth is fast and diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, and have to the stronger accumulation ability of specific heavy metal.Plant Barrier Technology is
Absorption of the position to heavy metal can be utilized by referring to that the low accumulation kind of plantation heavy metal is reduced, and achieve the purpose that safe utilization.Two kinds of skills
The key of art is all the screening of super enriching plant and low accumulation plant variety.
Currently, phytoremediation technology is due to failing to be widely applied there are many real restraining factors.Plant extraction
There is the problems such as biomass is small, and growth cycle is long, and habitat requires harshness more in the super enriching plant that technology is utilized, and super enrichment is planted
The accumulation ability of object shows unstable feature with heavy metal content in soil variation.Under normal circumstances, heavy metal-polluted soil total amount is got over
Low, bio-available Zn concentration accounting is smaller, and the enriching quantity of plant is lower, therefore super enriching plant is for mild or moderate level of pollution soil
Remediation efficiency is difficult to meet reparation requirement.And although plant Barrier Technology is more suitable for centering slight pollution horizontal soil earth and is repaired
It is multiple, but due to the restriction of complicated soil environment, it also fails to promote and apply on a large scale.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, provides a kind of heavy metal pollution of soil phytoremediation side
Method combines reparation mode with plant Barrier Technology using plant extraction technology, specifically uses Cd-hyperaccumulator accumulation low with cadmium
The planting type made between plant repairs mild or moderate Cadmium Pollution in Soils, while making plant can safe utilization.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration method, including with
Lower step:
S1, First Year July~August, carry out plot to turn over leveling, then carry out ridging on the plot turned over, ridge,
Ditch distributes alternately；
S2, First Year late August~mid-September, by the cultivation of bletilla striata planting seedlings on ridge,
November: removing bletilla striata ground cauline leaf, shifts after preventing harmful substance sprout tumble under ground portion；
S3,3~May of second year: Grain Production of Amaranthus seed is seeded in furrow,
5~July of second year: after first batch of Grain Production of Amaranthus harvesting, completing second batch of Grain Production of Amaranthus plantation,
7~September of second year: after second batch of Grain Production of Amaranthus harvesting, the plantation of Grain Production of Amaranthus third stubble is completed；
S4, second year September: the management of bletilla striata fruit and harvest,
Second year November: the harvesting of third stubble Grain Production of Amaranthus, bletilla striata aerial part are removed.
Make between Grain Production of Amaranthus (between furrow) and the bletilla striata (compartment face).The drilling between furrow of Grain Production of Amaranthus seed, the bletilla striata field planting cultivation in
On ridge, the annual 3~September of Grain Production of Amaranthus plants three batches, and the biennial seedling culture of the bletilla striata can harvest medicinal part after 1~2 year.
Preferably, in the step S1, ridging is carried out on the plot turned over, ridge, ditch distribute alternately, the step
Cave plants on bletilla striata ridge in rapid S2.Optionally, row spacing 1.2m, furrow width 0.5m, at this point, every ridge can plant the two row bletilla striatas, every cave cultivation 2
Strain, cave spacing be averaged 20cm, and the control of bletilla striata planting density is being averaged 5000 plants per acre.Row spacing and furrow width can be according to actual condition need
It asks and is adjusted, and when Grain Production of Amaranthus cultivated area is larger, improvement soil pollution that can be more efficient, when bletilla striata cultivated area
When larger, better economic well-being of workers and staff can be obtained.
Bletilla striata seedling is biennial bletilla seed seedling in the step S2.
The step S2 further include:
First Year October: (guarantee at least 1 plant of every cave, in bletilla seed transplantation of seedlings by the end of October to survive the after-culture of plant
Survival rate is not less than 90%)；Bletilla striata foliar fertilizer；
First Year December: reinforce bletilla striata sprouting tending management, prevention of damage by disease；Bletilla striata overwinter management.
The step S3 further include:
1~March of second year: bletilla striata early spring field management (water and fertilizer management, fragmentary weeds are removed)；It is living to apply soil between furrow
Agent；
3~May of second year: bletilla striata foliage spray is twice；The management of bletilla striata flowers and results management；
5~July of second year: bletilla striata top dressing 1 time.
7~September of second year: bletilla striata field management.
The invention has the following advantages that
The present invention has the features such as biomass is big, and growth cycle is short, easily cultivates using cadmium enriching plant Grain Production of Amaranthus, certain
Other Cd-hyperaccumulators can be made up in degree in the defect of above-mentioned aspect.Secondly, Grain Production of Amaranthus is the common feed in southwest
Crop adapts to southwest soil and weather conditions, and promoting and applying in southwestern section has greater advantage.On the other hand, the bletilla striata
Belong to rare Chinese herbal medicine, rhizome has higher market value as medicinal part, according to this team in recent years the study found that
The bletilla striata has to the low accumulation characteristics of heavy metal cadmium, in medicinal part Cd concentration be active concentration in soil 20~50% not
Deng, therefore the bletilla striata medicinal part for cultivating in middle low-level cadmium pollution soil acquisition is fully able to reach country to Chinese medicine
Relevant criterion.This reparation mode is to organically combine two kinds of plant repair modes, not only complete using the cultivation mode made between the two
At " removal " to Cadmium in Soil, Cadmium Pollution in Soils is effectively reduced, and the bletilla striata harvested realizes higher warp as Chinese medicine
Ji benefit.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described:
Heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration method, comprising the following steps:
First Year
June~July: 10 mu are completed and concentrates the preparations such as the selection of land in soil, leased land in flakes；Complete means of production beam worker
Make；Biennial pure high-quality bletilla striata seedling provenance is implemented than choosing；Complete the procurement work of Grain Production of Amaranthus high quality seed；Improve Grain Production of Amaranthus receipts
Harmlessness disposing scheme after cutting.
July~August: site preparation, ridging (row spacing 1.2m, furrow width 0.5m) are completed；Arrange gutter and irrigation channel；Complete compartment face
Weeding works before upper bud.
Late August~mid-September: completing bletilla striata planting seedlings, (cave plants on ridge, every two row of ridge, and cave spacing is averaged 20cm；It plants
For the control of strain planting density at average 5000 plants per acre, every cave cultivates 2 plants), bletilla striata seedling pays attention to shading.
September~October: it enhances field management and (reinforces the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, Weeds distribution).
October: for survive plant after-culture (averagely guarantee at least 1 plant of every cave, bletilla seed transplantation of seedlings by the end of October at
Motility rate is not less than 90%)；Bletilla striata foliar fertilizer；
November: removing bletilla striata ground cauline leaf, shifts after preventing harmful substance sprout tumble under ground portion.
December: reinforce bletilla striata sprouting tending management, prevention of damage by disease；Bletilla striata overwinter management.
Second year
1~March: bletilla striata early spring field management (water and fertilizer management, fragmentary weeds are removed)；Apply soil activating agent between furrow.
Activator is applied to soil before Grain Production of Amaranthus cultivation, Cadmium in Soil available state can be improved, increases Grain Production of Amaranthus therefore the absorption of cadmium is improved
Remediation efficiency completes the reparation index of centering low-level cadmium pollution soil.
3~May: Grain Production of Amaranthus is sowed seeds (drilling) between furrow, completes first batch of plantation；Bletilla striata foliage spray is twice；The bletilla striata
Grass management and results management.
5~July: second batch of Grain Production of Amaranthus plantation is completed after first batch of Grain Production of Amaranthus harvesting；Bletilla striata top dressing 1 time.
7~September: the plantation of Grain Production of Amaranthus third stubble is completed after second batch of Grain Production of Amaranthus harvesting；Bletilla striata field management.
September: the management of bletilla striata fruit and harvest.
November: the harvesting of third stubble Grain Production of Amaranthus, bletilla striata aerial part are removed.
Bletilla striata fertilizer applications:
Base fertilizer: First Year, 300kg/ mus of organic fertilizer, cave is applied.
Top dressing: First Year 1 time, foliar fertilizer；Three times, wherein March is carried out with Water soluble fertilizer for second year and the annual top dressing of third year
Pouring root, May and August foliar fertilizer is each once sprays.
Grain Production of Amaranthus fertilizer applications:
Base fertilizer: before planting plants, the compound fertilizer of 30kg/ mus of application spreads fertilizer over the fields as base manure.
Top dressing: one batch primary, imposes instant nitrogenousfertilizer.
Commercially available product can be used in the soil activating agent and various fertilizer referred in text.
Environmental benefit: arable layer (20cm) exchangeability cadmium reduces by 10% or more.
Economic benefit: per mu yield bletilla striata medicinal material dry product is not less than 100kg (2 years), and bletilla striata medicinal material content of beary metal
Meet Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China latest edition Bletilla striata medicinal materials heavy metals limit standard regulation.The average total yield per acre of the bletilla striata
Value is not less than 10,000 yuan (2 years).
Grab sample is carried out to first Grain Production of Amaranthus in this example and second batch Grain Production of Amaranthus, sample detection result is as follows:
Claims (9)
1. heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
S1, First Year July ~ August, carry out plot to turn over leveling, ridging, ridge, ditch phase are then carried out on the plot turned over
Between be distributed；
S2, First Year late August ~ mid-September, by the cultivation of bletilla striata planting seedlings on ridge,
November: remove bletilla striata ground cauline leaf；
S3,3 ~ May of second year: Grain Production of Amaranthus seed is seeded in furrow,
5 ~ July of second year: after first batch of Grain Production of Amaranthus harvesting, completing second batch of Grain Production of Amaranthus plantation,
7 ~ September of second year: after second batch of Grain Production of Amaranthus harvesting, the plantation of Grain Production of Amaranthus third stubble is completed；
S4, second year September: the management of bletilla striata fruit and harvest,
Second year November: the harvesting of third stubble Grain Production of Amaranthus, bletilla striata aerial part are removed.
2. heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step S2
Cave plants on bletilla striata ridge.
3. heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step S2
Bletilla striata seedling is biennial bletilla seed seedling.
4. heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S2 is also
Include:
First Year October: for the after-culture for surviving plant；Bletilla striata foliar fertilizer.
5. heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S2 is also
Include:
First Year December: reinforce bletilla striata sprouting tending management, prevention of damage by disease；Bletilla striata overwinter management.
6. heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S3 is also
Include:
1 ~ March of second year: bletilla striata early spring field management；Apply soil activating agent between furrow.
7. heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S3 is also
Include:
3 ~ May of second year: bletilla striata foliage spray is twice；The management of bletilla striata flowers and results management.
8. heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S3 is also
Include:
5 ~ July of second year: bletilla striata top dressing 1 time.
9. heavy metal pollution of soil plant restoration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S3 is also
Include:
7 ~ September of second year: bletilla striata field management.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111097795A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-05-05 | 浙江大学 | Method for simultaneously producing and repairing cadmium-polluted continuous cropping obstacle facility agricultural soil |
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