CN105993570A - Interplanting method for fritillaria thunbergii and soybean - Google Patents
Interplanting method for fritillaria thunbergii and soybean Download PDFInfo
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- CN105993570A CN105993570A CN201610528474.2A CN201610528474A CN105993570A CN 105993570 A CN105993570 A CN 105993570A CN 201610528474 A CN201610528474 A CN 201610528474A CN 105993570 A CN105993570 A CN 105993570A
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- bulbus fritillariae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses an interplanting method for fritillaria thunbergii and soybean. The method comprises the following steps: A, selecting seeds and treating the seeds; B, preparing soil; C, sowing; D, performing field management of the soybean; E, performing filed management of the fritillaria thunbergii. The field management step of the soybean comprises the following specific steps: a, fertilizing; b, watering; c, weeding; d, controlling insect pests and weeds; e, harvesting in real time. The field management step of the fritillaria thunbergii comprises the following specific steps: a, fertilizing; b, watering; c, deflorating in due time; d, controlling diseases and pests; e, harvesting in real time. The method disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that safety summer spending of the fritillaria thunbergii is facilitated; shading and rain shielding, moisture retention and heat refuge are realized; the loss of water, soil and fertilizer is prevented; the soil structure is improved, the soil fertility is improved, the utilization of land is improved, and the yield increase of the fritillaria thunbergii is promoted. Soybean falling leaves and bean stems are returned to the filed to serve as fertilizer of the fritillaria thunbergii. Toxin hindering the growth of the fritillaria thunbergii in the soil can be reduced; labor force, a storage site and the fertilizer are reduced, the busy planting time of medicine is avoided, and labor cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of planting, particularly toA kind of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii and the interplanting method of Semen sojae atricolor。
Background technology
Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii, has another name called Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii, for Liliaceae herbaceos perennial, another name Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii, as shellfish, BULBUS FRITILLARIAE THUNBERGII, pearl shellfish, its medical value and economic worth are the highest.The weather conditions that Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii happiness gentleness is nice and cool, the suitable ground temperature 6 emerged～7 DEG C, it is 10～22 DEG C that plant growing is best suitable for temperature, per day ground temperature 10～can normally expand when 25 DEG C, stops growing less than 4 DEG C, and dormancy during higher than 25 DEG C, during less than-6 DEG C, bulb is dry endures cold.And summer temperature is high, easily arid, causes dry, and the dry and hard water content of soil is low, adds and does not strengthens rich water quality management, and during results, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii head is little, and yield significantly reduces.
In Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii producing region, May is Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii harvest time, general Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii seed-breeding field seed harvest, and the Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii of results needs to carry labour and Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii is transported to preserve warehouse storage, and Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb easily damages in transportation, storage；Results interplanting crops more summer the most i.e. receiving on seed-breeding field i.e. sells, 9～Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii in October sow or turn over kind, and 9～November be the results of Chinese medicinal herbs, planting season, now labour force is more nervous, now asks labour force to increase cost of labor.
Summary of the invention
Patent of the present invention providesA kind of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii and the interplanting method of Semen sojae atricolor, the interplanting method of this Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii and Semen sojae atricolor makes Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii safe production in summer, shelters from heat or light and keep off the rain, and moisturizing is gone away for one's summer holidays, and prevents water, soil, fertile loss；Improving Soil structure, training adds soil fertility, improves the utilization in soil, promotes Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii volume increase high yield；Semen sojae atricolor fallen leaves, bean bar are resigned from office and return home and are used Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii fertilizer；The toxin to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii growth in soil can be reduced；Saving of labor, save storage place, save fertilizer, avoid medicine and hurry implantation time, reduce cost of labor.For realizing above-mentioned functions, the above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly addressed by following technical proposals:
The invention disclosesA kind of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii and the interplanting method of Semen sojae atricolor, comprise the steps:
A, seed selection and seed treatment；
Selecting Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii scale closely to fill the span of a man's arms, bud head is full, without insect pest, not damaged, carries out by size point, large, medium and small, big < 40/kilogram, in 40～80/kilogram, 80～120 little/kilogram, remove per kilogram less than 120；
Selecting the summer soybean seed that grain is the fullest, do not damage seed coat, nitragin is inoculated, and carries out disinfection seed；
B, whole
Selecting Wen Liang on the sunny side, quality is loosened fertile, good water permeability, and draining is good, and subacidity or weakly acidic pH are rich in the sand loam of humus, and deep plough 30cm, and clod draws and attenuates the furrow doing adult fish antiform, furrow wide 70～80cm, the deep 20cm of furrow gutter, furrow width 30～40cm with creeper；
C, sowing
5～Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii in June in a dormant state, in whole good ground without basal dressing, 5 row of ditching in 70～80cm furrow faces, press according to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb sizeTable 1Trench digging, plants bulb spacing in the rows and also pressesTable 1Putting, head-up, earth down, after setting, is covered on it bud by root, and it is floating to carry out furrow face after having sowed, after instant or just can broadcast Semen sojae atricolor in good time；
Table 1Different size of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb plantation ditching depth, spacing in the rows, every mu of consumption
| Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb size | Greatly | In | Little |
| Ditching depth | About 15cm | About 12cm | About 9cm |
| Spacing in the rows | About 20cm | About 15cm | About 10cm |
| Every mu of consumption | 300kg | 250kg | 180kg |
The soybean planting time is May 25～June 15, bunch planting 2 row on 70～80cm furrow faces, spacing in the rows 15～20cm, 2, every cave, depth of planting 3～5cm, the adequate moisture content of sowing is 19%～20%, not applying fertilizer the ground of fertility foot, the not enough by specification taked uses dedicated fertilizer for soybean, and the way executing seed manure makes up the deficiency of Semen sojae atricolor base fertilizer, meet the demand of soybean seedling growth, promote root growth and the breeding of root nodule；
D, the field management of Semen sojae atricolor
E, the field management of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii
Further, described step A is chosen and with soybean rhizobium inoculant inoculation in seed treatment is: use nitragin 0.25kg/667m2Seed dressing, should deposit in the cool before using, it is impossible to exposure under sunlight, in case root nodule bacteria are killed by sunlight.Inoculation method is to be diluted in by microbial inoculum in the clear water that seed weighs 20%, is then sprinkled upon the surface of the seed, and is sufficiently stirred for, and allows nitragin be bonded at all of the surface of the seed, sows in having mixed latter 24 hours.
Further, described step A is chosen and with seed disinfection method in seed treatment is: with 50% carbendazim seed dressing, dosage is the 0.3% of seed weight；Or dress seed with formulation of Duofu mixture, wherein carbendazim and thiram are 1: 1, can significantly reduce root rot sickness rate；Or use the withered missible oil that goes out to carry out seed disinfection.
Further, the field management of described step E Semen sojae atricolor includes:
A, fertilising:
Topdress at seedling stage, the fruiting period of blooming and podding duration according to the growth of cereal crop seedlings, impose 3～5.0kg/667m seedling stage2Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer promotees strong sprout；Fruiting period of blooming, imposes 7～10kg/667m2Carbamide；Podding duration imposes 10kg/667m2The carbamide of left and right or foliage-spray carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc.；Soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content, when more than 80mg/kg, can not topdress；
B, water:
Need seedling stage water less, do not water or water less；Bloom, bear pods, podding duration needs water more, meets drought and waters in time；Watering according to soil moisture content, the suitable soil water content of soybean seedling phase is 20%, and branching stage 23% is bloomed fruiting period 30%, podding duration 25%～30%；Water when soil moisture content is less than appropriate aqueous amount；Will draining water logging control early when meeting heavy rain field hydrops rainy season；
C, weeding:
Using chemical weed control: broadcast rear Seedling pre-treatment, every mu of use 50% Acetochlor 100～120 milliliters carry out soil closing；The stem and leaf phase processes, and in Semen sojae atricolor 1～3 compound leaf phases, the weeds 2～4 leaf phase, every mu of use 25% fluorine sulfanilamide grass mystery 50～60 milliliters of prowers add 15 fluazifop-p-butyl 70 milliliters and are watered 30 kilograms of sprayings；
D, disease pest and weed are prevented and treated:
Causing harm of main attention aphid in seedling stage, black cutworm, bean bar fly, paraluperodes suturalis nigrogobilineatus, Prodenia litura, beet armyworm, bean-pod borer etc.；Soybean diseases mainly prevents and treats anaphylactoid purpura, root-knot nematode disease, the harm of downy mildew；
E, in good time results:
When sound occurs in shake soybean plant strain, there is 7%～10% blade not yet to fall, when the petiole of 15%～20% not yet comes off, be the optimum water content in harvest of high-protein soybean, gather in the crops when the morning 8～11, to reduce shattering, improve income；
Further, the field management of described step E Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii includes:
A, fertilising:
Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii is resistance to fertile crop, big to nitrogenous fertilizer required amount, the most more to potash fertilizer demand.Fertilising respectively before the winter, neat seedling stage and defloration phase carry out；Especially dose in winter is big, every mu of shallow ridges applies dilute night soil 2500～3000 kilograms, cake fertilizer 75～double centner, paving manuring 1500～2500 kilograms；Execute liquid manure 1200～1500 kilograms or ammonium sulfate 10～15 kilograms seedling stage every mu；Florescence every mu executes 1500 kilograms of water excrement or 15 kilograms of ammonium sulfate；
B, water:
Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii trophophase needs water few, but in plant vigorous growth period, at the beginning of 2 months～at the beginning of 4 months, needs the aqueous phase should be more, such as at this moment hydropenia, stem and leaf undergrowth, directly affects expanding of phosphorus stem；So phase arid, should irrigate through furrow weekly once, to meet growth needs；Excess moisture easily makes phosphorus stem rot rotten, should discharge in time so meeting hydrops；
C, in good time defloration:
Defloration in good time utilizes phosphorus stem nutrient to concentrate, and promotes Stem growth, increases photosynthesis.Having 1～2 at plant top the flowers are in blossom when putting and should extract, defloration is preferably carried out at fine day, in order to avoid rainwater penetrates into wound, causes rotten；
D, insect pest preventing and controlling:
Gray mold can premorbid 100 times of Bordeaux mixture 7 of spray～10 days once, even spray 3～4 times, or sprays 1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate methyl when morbidity；Soft rot, dry rot, dug gutter during noting the summer during preventing and treating；By 1000 times of immersion kinds of 50% benzimidazole 15 minutes, sow again after drying；Select and plant without disease pest, grieved scar phosphorus stem；Meet the harm of bean grassland green grass or young crops, available 1500 times of liquid of 90% trichlorphon or 40% dimethoate emulsion 800～1500 times of liquid to spray；
E, gather: Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii 5～June, after stem and leaf is withered on the ground, select fine day to gather in the crops in time；Cleaning weeds in field, excavates from furrow limit with short handle two tooth harrow, and two tooth harrows fall between two row, dig while pick, and prevent from digging brokenly underground bulb.
Further, in the fertilising of described step a, the Semen sojae atricolor florescence is as the most in great numbers in growth, when having lodging tendency, can spray paclobutrazol, chlorocholine chloride or mepiquat chloride etc. and downgrade strong stalk agent, promote that Semen sojae atricolor is downgraded, balanced growth.
Further, to be loosened the soil after gathering in the crops in good time and bury Semen sojae atricolor fallen leaves, weeding in furrow surface by described step e, and bean bar is returned land for growing field crops, is laid on furrow face, later every first quarter moon hoe once grass, till executing winter top dressing.
After the present invention then takes results in May, just choose seeds, sowing, owing to now Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii has been in dormant resting state, can be described as i.e. receiving i.e. hiding, benefit is to need not carry Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii go to preserve warehouse, which save carrying labour, save storage warehouse and administration fee is used, it also avoid Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb in transportation, storage damages, if it is careful during seed selection, the emergence rate of kind of bulb with 9～sow October suitable, the Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii that can not make to plant makees commodity selling or processing after processing in time, 9～November be the results of Chinese medicinal herbs, planting season, now labour force is more nervous, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii was broadcast due to May, as long as interplanting crops is gathered in the crops, once is loosened the soil in Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii field, crop fallen leaves can increase soil fertility in being earthed, eliminate many labour forces.The set operation mode choosing multiple crop of the present invention, but Semen sojae atricolor has the unrivaled superiority of other crop, and Semen sojae atricolor has root nodule bacteria to produce nitrogen provides the demand of Semen sojae atricolor nitrogen, greatly reduces Semen sojae atricolor and absorbs soil nitrogen.Semen sojae atricolor is well established and vigorously developing, containing close bean leaf is that underground Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii shelters from heat or light and keeps off the rain, keep the moisture content of soil, huge strong root system clenches soil, prevent the loss of clay fertilizer, this is cut to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii safe production in summer and creates excellent environment, soybean root system grows, it provides the material of certain fertility to soil, the energy improving Soil structure is provided to soil, form multistage composite aggregate and stable multilevel soil hole, 9～weather in October cool off, the temperature in soil starts to be suitable for the growth of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb is root of hair in the multistage hole that Semen sojae atricolor is created, obviously can greatly reduce Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii root growth and stretch mechanical resistance, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii root length is made to get well, for the plant vegetative growth of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii after passing the winter, expanding of bulb creates solid foundation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, being conducive to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii safe production in summer, shelter from heat or light and keep off the rain, moisturizing is gone away for one's summer holidays, and prevents water, soil, fertile loss.
2, improving Soil structure, training adds soil fertility, improves the utilization in soil, promotes Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii volume increase high yield.
3, Semen sojae atricolor fallen leaves, bean bar are resigned from office and return home and are used Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii fertilizer.
4, the toxin to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii growth in soil can be reduced.
5, saving of labor, province's storage place, save fertilizer, avoid medicine and hurry implantation time, reduce cost of labor.
Detailed description of the invention
Below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus protection scope of the present invention are made apparent clear and definite defining.
The invention disclosesA kind of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii and the interplanting method of Semen sojae atricolor, comprise the steps:
A, seed selection and seed treatment；
Selecting Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii scale closely to fill the span of a man's arms, bud head is full, without insect pest, not damaged, carries out by size point, large, medium and small, big < 40/kilogram, in 40～80/kilogram, 80～120 little/kilogram, remove per kilogram less than 120；
Selecting the summer soybean seed that grain is the fullest, do not damage seed coat, nitragin is inoculated, and carries out disinfection seed；
B, whole
Selecting Wen Liang on the sunny side, quality is loosened fertile, good water permeability, and draining is good, and subacidity or weakly acidic pH are rich in the sand loam of humus, and deep plough 30cm, and clod draws and attenuates the furrow doing adult fish antiform, furrow wide 70～80cm, the deep 20cm of furrow gutter, furrow width 30～40cm with creeper；
C, sowing
5～Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii in June in a dormant state, in whole good ground without basal dressing, 5 row of ditching in 70～80cm furrow faces, press according to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb sizeTable 1Trench digging, plants bulb spacing in the rows and also pressesTable 1Putting, head-up, earth down, after setting, is covered on it bud by root, and it is floating to carry out furrow face after having sowed, after instant or just can broadcast Semen sojae atricolor in good time；
Table 1Different size of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb plantation ditching depth, spacing in the rows
| Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb size | Greatly | In | Little |
| Ditching depth | About 15cm | About 12cm | About 9cm |
| Spacing in the rows | About 20cm | About 15cm | About 10cm |
| Every mu of consumption | 300kg | 250kg | 180kg |
The soybean planting time is May 25～June 15, bunch planting 2 row on 70～80cm furrow faces, spacing in the rows 15～20cm, 2, every cave, depth of planting 3～5cm, the adequate moisture content of sowing is 19%～20%, not applying fertilizer the ground of fertility foot, the not enough by specification taked uses dedicated fertilizer for soybean, and the way executing seed manure makes up the deficiency of Semen sojae atricolor base fertilizer, meet the demand of soybean seedling growth, promote root growth and the breeding of root nodule；
D, the field management of Semen sojae atricolor
E, the field management of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii
Described step A is chosen and with soybean rhizobium inoculant inoculation in seed treatment is: use nitragin 0.25kg/667m2Seed dressing, should deposit in the cool before using, it is impossible to exposure under sunlight, in case root nodule bacteria are killed by sunlight.Inoculation method is to be diluted in by microbial inoculum in the clear water that seed weighs 20%, is then sprinkled upon the surface of the seed, and is sufficiently stirred for, and allows nitragin be bonded at all of the surface of the seed, sows in having mixed latter 24 hours.
Described step A is chosen and with seed disinfection method in seed treatment is: with 50% carbendazim seed dressing, dosage is the 0.3% of seed weight；Or dress seed with formulation of Duofu mixture, wherein carbendazim and thiram are 1: 1, can significantly reduce root rot sickness rate；Or use the withered missible oil that goes out to carry out seed disinfection.
The field management of described step E Semen sojae atricolor includes:
A, fertilising:
Topdress at seedling stage, the fruiting period of blooming and podding duration according to the growth of cereal crop seedlings, impose 3～5.0kg/667m seedling stage2Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer promotees strong sprout；Fruiting period of blooming, imposes 7～10kg/667m2Carbamide；Podding duration imposes 10kg/667m2The carbamide of left and right or foliage-spray carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc.；Soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content, when more than 80mg/kg, can not topdress；
B, water:
Need seedling stage water less, do not water or water less；Bloom, bear pods, podding duration needs water more, meets drought and waters in time；Watering according to soil moisture content, the suitable soil water content of soybean seedling phase is 20%, and branching stage 23% is bloomed fruiting period 30%, podding duration 25%～30%；Water when soil moisture content is less than appropriate aqueous amount；Will draining water logging control early when meeting heavy rain field hydrops rainy season；
C, weeding:
Using chemical weed control: broadcast rear Seedling pre-treatment, every mu of use 50% Acetochlor 100～120 milliliters carry out soil closing；The stem and leaf phase processes, and in Semen sojae atricolor 1～3 compound leaf phases, the weeds 2～4 leaf phase, every mu of use 25% fluorine sulfanilamide grass mystery 50～60 milliliters of prowers add 15 fluazifop-p-butyl 70 milliliters and are watered 30 kilograms of sprayings；
D, disease pest and weed are prevented and treated:
Causing harm of main attention aphid in seedling stage, black cutworm, bean bar fly, paraluperodes suturalis nigrogobilineatus, Prodenia litura, beet armyworm, bean-pod borer etc.；Soybean diseases mainly prevents and treats anaphylactoid purpura, root-knot nematode disease, the harm of downy mildew；
E, in good time results:
When sound occurs in shake soybean plant strain, there is 7%～10% blade not yet to fall, when the petiole of 15%～20% not yet comes off, be the optimum water content in harvest of high-protein soybean, gather in the crops when the morning 8～11, to reduce shattering, improve income；
The field management of described step E Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii includes:
A, fertilising:
Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii is resistance to fertile crop, big to nitrogenous fertilizer required amount, the most more to potash fertilizer demand.Fertilising respectively before the winter, neat seedling stage and defloration phase carry out；Especially dose in winter is big, every mu of shallow ridges applies dilute night soil 2500～3000 kilograms, cake fertilizer 75～double centner, paving manuring 1500～2500 kilograms；Execute liquid manure 1200～1500 kilograms or ammonium sulfate 10～15 kilograms seedling stage every mu；Florescence every mu executes 1500 kilograms of water excrement or 15 kilograms of ammonium sulfate；
B, water:
Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii trophophase needs water few, but in plant vigorous growth period, at the beginning of 2 months～at the beginning of 4 months, needs the aqueous phase should be more, such as at this moment hydropenia, stem and leaf undergrowth, directly affects expanding of phosphorus stem；So phase arid, should irrigate through furrow weekly once, to meet growth needs；Excess moisture easily makes phosphorus stem rot rotten, should discharge in time so meeting hydrops；
C, in good time defloration:
Defloration in good time utilizes phosphorus stem nutrient to concentrate, and promotes Stem growth, increases photosynthesis.Having 1～2 at plant top the flowers are in blossom when putting and should extract, defloration is preferably carried out at fine day, in order to avoid rainwater penetrates into wound, causes rotten；
D, insect pest preventing and controlling:
Gray mold can premorbid 100 times of Bordeaux mixture 7 of spray～10 days once, even spray 3～4 times, or sprays 1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate methyl when morbidity；Soft rot, dry rot, dug gutter during noting the summer during preventing and treating；By 1000 times of immersion kinds of 50% benzimidazole 15 minutes, sow again after drying；Select and plant without disease pest, grieved scar phosphorus stem；Meet the harm of bean grassland green grass or young crops, available 1500 times of liquid of 90% trichlorphon or 40% dimethoate emulsion 800～1500 times of liquid to spray；
E, gather: Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii 5～June, after stem and leaf is withered on the ground, select fine day to gather in the crops in time；Cleaning weeds in field, excavates from furrow limit with short handle two tooth harrow, and two tooth harrows fall between two row, dig while pick, and prevent from digging brokenly underground bulb.
In the fertilising of described step a, the Semen sojae atricolor florescence is as the most in great numbers in growth, when having lodging tendency, can spray paclobutrazol, chlorocholine chloride or mepiquat chloride etc. and downgrade strong stalk agent, promote that Semen sojae atricolor is downgraded, balanced growth.
To be loosened the soil after gathering in the crops in good time and bury Semen sojae atricolor fallen leaves, weeding in furrow surface by described step e, and bean bar is returned land for growing field crops, is laid on furrow face, later every first quarter moon hoe once grass, till executing winter top dressing.
After the present invention then takes results in May, just choose seeds, sowing, owing to now Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii has been in dormant resting state, can be described as i.e. receiving i.e. hiding, benefit is to need not carry Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii go to preserve warehouse, which save carrying labour, save storage warehouse and administration fee is used, it also avoid Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb in transportation, storage damages, if it is careful during seed selection, the emergence rate of kind of bulb with 9～sow October suitable, the Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii that can not make to plant makees commodity selling or processing after processing in time, 9～November be the results of Chinese medicinal herbs, planting season, now labour force is more nervous, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii was broadcast due to May, as long as interplanting crops is gathered in the crops, once is loosened the soil in Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii field, crop fallen leaves can increase soil fertility in being earthed, eliminate many labour forces.The set operation mode choosing multiple crop of the present invention, but Semen sojae atricolor has the unrivaled superiority of other crop, and Semen sojae atricolor has root nodule bacteria to produce nitrogen provides the demand of Semen sojae atricolor nitrogen, greatly reduces Semen sojae atricolor and absorbs soil nitrogen.Semen sojae atricolor is well established and vigorously developing, containing close bean leaf is that underground Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii shelters from heat or light and keeps off the rain, keep the moisture content of soil, huge strong root system clenches soil, prevent the loss of clay fertilizer, this is cut to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii safe production in summer and creates excellent environment, soybean root system grows, it provides the material of certain fertility to soil, the energy improving Soil structure is provided to soil, form multistage composite aggregate and stable multilevel soil hole, 9～weather in October cool off, the temperature in soil starts to be suitable for the growth of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb is root of hair in the multistage hole that Semen sojae atricolor is created, obviously can greatly reduce Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii root growth and stretch mechanical resistance, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii root length is made to get well, for the plant vegetative growth of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii after passing the winter, expanding of bulb creates solid foundation.
Table 2Yield with different cultural method Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii
| Plant bulb size | Greatly | In | Little |
| Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii/Semen sojae atricolor (5～broadcast June) | 1100kg/667m2 | 1000kg/667m2 | 800kg/667m2 |
| Increase than comparison | 20% | 33% | 45% |
| Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii/Semen Maydis (5～broadcast June) | 895kg/667m2 | 805kg/667m2 | 595kg/667m2 |
| Increase than comparison | 5.3% | 7.3% | 8.1% |
| Comparison (9～broadcast October) | 850kg/667m2 | 750kg/667m2 | 550kg/667m2 |
| Increase than comparison | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 2For the yield with different cultural method Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii, 5～sowing in June, after interplanting corn, Semen sojae atricolor, the yield of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii is all higher than 9～sowing in October, fromIn tableCan be seen that and Semen sojae atricolor interplanting, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii increase yield significantly, especially in, the Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii of microspecies bulb.From Semen sojae atricolor, the fertility of soil is contributed, according to existing document discourse analysis, fertility does not lies in the Semen sojae atricolor increase to succession crop fertilizer amount, and in the change of the environmental factors to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii root growth so that it is it is more beneficial for Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii root growth, it is more conducive to the Nutrient Absorption to soil, root is contained full of leaves, increase yield significantly, so, also it is intended to strengthen rich water quality management in Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii growth course, makes Semen sojae atricolor play ultimate attainment to the contribution of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, being conducive to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii safe production in summer, shelter from heat or light and keep off the rain, moisturizing is gone away for one's summer holidays, and prevents water, soil, fertile loss.
2, improving Soil structure, training adds soil fertility, improves the utilization in soil, promotes Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii volume increase high yield.
3, Semen sojae atricolor fallen leaves, bean bar are resigned from office and return home and are used Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii fertilizer.
4, the toxin to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii growth in soil can be reduced.
5, saving of labor, province's storage place, save fertilizer, avoid medicine and hurry implantation time.
Embodiment 1
A, seed selection and seed treatment；
Selecting Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii scale closely to fill the span of a man's arms, bud head is full, without insect pest, not damaged, carries out by size point, large, medium and small, big < 40/kilogram, in 45/kilogram, 85 little/kilogram, remove per kilogram less than 120；
Selecting the summer soybean seed that grain is the fullest, do not damage seed coat, nitragin is inoculated, and carries out disinfection seed；
B, whole
Selecting Wen Liang on the sunny side, quality is loosened fertile, good water permeability, and draining is good, and subacidity or weakly acidic pH are rich in the sand loam of humus, and deep plough 30cm, and clod draws and attenuates the furrow doing adult fish antiform, furrow width 70cm, the deep 20cm of furrow gutter, furrow width 30cm with creeper；
C, sowing
5～Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii in June in a dormant state, in whole good ground without basal dressing, 5 row of ditching in 70cm furrow face, press according to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb sizeTable 1Trench digging, plants bulb spacing in the rows and also pressesTable 1Putting, head-up, earth down, after setting, is covered on it bud by root, and it is floating to carry out furrow face after having sowed, after instant or just can broadcast Semen sojae atricolor in good time；
Table 1Different size of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb plantation ditching depth, spacing in the rows
| Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb size | Greatly | In | Little |
| Ditching depth | About 15cm | About 12cm | About 9cm |
| Spacing in the rows | About 20cm | About 15cm | About 10cm |
| Every mu of consumption | 300kg | 250kg | 180kg |
The soybean planting time is May 25, bunch planting 2 row on 70cm furrow face, spacing in the rows 15cm, 2, every cave, depth of planting 3cm, the adequate moisture content of sowing is 19%, not applying fertilizer the ground of fertility foot, the not enough by specification taked uses dedicated fertilizer for soybean, and the way executing seed manure makes up the deficiency of Semen sojae atricolor base fertilizer, meet the demand of soybean seedling growth, promote root growth and the breeding of root nodule；
D, the field management of Semen sojae atricolor
E, the field management of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii
Described step A is chosen and with soybean rhizobium inoculant inoculation in seed treatment is: use nitragin 0.25kg/667m2Seed dressing, should deposit in the cool before using, it is impossible to exposure under sunlight, in case root nodule bacteria are killed by sunlight.Inoculation method is to be diluted in by microbial inoculum in the clear water that seed weighs 20%, is then sprinkled upon the surface of the seed, and is sufficiently stirred for, and allows nitragin be bonded at all of the surface of the seed, sows in having mixed latter 24 hours.
Described step A is chosen and with seed disinfection method in seed treatment is: with 50% carbendazim seed dressing, dosage is the 0.3% of seed weight；Or dress seed with formulation of Duofu mixture, wherein carbendazim and thiram are 1: 1, can significantly reduce root rot sickness rate；Or use the withered missible oil that goes out to carry out seed disinfection.
The field management of described step E Semen sojae atricolor includes:
A, fertilising:
Topdress at seedling stage, the fruiting period of blooming and podding duration according to the growth of cereal crop seedlings, impose 3～5.0kg/667m seedling stage2Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer promotees strong sprout；Fruiting period of blooming, imposes 8kg/667m2Carbamide；Podding duration imposes 10kg/667m2The carbamide of left and right or foliage-spray carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc.；Soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content, when more than 80mg/kg, can not topdress；
B, water:
Need seedling stage water less, do not water or water less；Bloom, bear pods, podding duration needs water more, meets drought and waters in time；Watering according to soil moisture content, the suitable soil water content of soybean seedling phase is 20%, and branching stage 23% is bloomed fruiting period 30%, podding duration 25%；Water when soil moisture content is less than appropriate aqueous amount；Will draining water logging control early when meeting heavy rain field hydrops rainy season；
C, weeding:
Using chemical weed control: broadcast rear Seedling pre-treatment, every mu of use 50% Acetochlor 100 milliliters carries out soil closing；The stem and leaf phase processes, and in 1 compound leaf phase of Semen sojae atricolor, the weeds 2 leaf phase, every mu of use 25% fluorine 50 milliliters of prowers of sulfanilamide grass mystery add 15 fluazifop-p-butyl 70 milliliters and are watered 30 kilograms of sprayings；
D, disease pest and weed are prevented and treated:
Causing harm of main attention aphid in seedling stage, black cutworm, bean bar fly, paraluperodes suturalis nigrogobilineatus, Prodenia litura, beet armyworm, bean-pod borer etc.；Soybean diseases mainly prevents and treats anaphylactoid purpura, root-knot nematode disease, the harm of downy mildew；
E, in good time results:
When sound occurs in shake soybean plant strain, there is 8% blade not yet to fall, when the petiole of 15% not yet comes off, be the optimum water content in harvest of high-protein soybean, gather in the crops when the morning 8, to reduce shattering, improve income；
The field management of described step E Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii includes:
A, fertilising:
Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii is resistance to fertile crop, big to nitrogenous fertilizer required amount, the most more to potash fertilizer demand.Fertilising respectively before the winter, neat seedling stage and defloration phase carry out；Especially dose in winter is big, every mu of shallow ridges applies dilute night soil 2500 kilograms, 80 kilograms of cake fertilizer, spreads manuring 1500 kilograms；Execute liquid manure 1200 kilograms or 10 kilograms of ammonium sulfate seedling stage every mu；Florescence every mu executes 1500 kilograms of water excrement or 15 kilograms of ammonium sulfate；
B, water:
Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii trophophase needs water few, but in plant vigorous growth period, at the beginning of 2 months, needs the aqueous phase should be more, such as at this moment hydropenia, stem and leaf undergrowth, directly affects expanding of phosphorus stem；So phase arid, should irrigate through furrow weekly once, to meet growth needs；Excess moisture easily makes phosphorus stem rot rotten, should discharge in time so meeting hydrops；
C, in good time defloration:
Defloration in good time utilizes phosphorus stem nutrient to concentrate, and promotes Stem growth, increases photosynthesis.Having 1～2 at plant top the flowers are in blossom when putting and should extract, defloration is preferably carried out at fine day, in order to avoid rainwater penetrates into wound, causes rotten；
D, insect pest preventing and controlling:
Gray mold can spray 100 times of Bordeaux mixture 8 days once at premorbid, even spray 3 times, or sprays 1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate methyl when morbidity；Soft rot, dry rot, dug gutter during noting the summer during preventing and treating；By 1000 times of immersion kinds of 50% benzimidazole 15 minutes, sow again after drying；Select and plant without disease pest, grieved scar phosphorus stem；Meet the harm of bean grassland green grass or young crops, available 1500 times of liquid of 90% trichlorphon or 850 times of liquid of 40% dimethoate emulsion to spray；
E, gather: Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii selects fine day to gather in the crops in time May after stem and leaf is withered on the ground；Cleaning weeds in field, excavates from furrow limit with short handle two tooth harrow, and two tooth harrows fall between two row, dig while pick, and prevent from digging brokenly underground bulb.
In the fertilising of described step a, the Semen sojae atricolor florescence is as the most in great numbers in growth, when having lodging tendency, can spray paclobutrazol, chlorocholine chloride or mepiquat chloride etc. and downgrade strong stalk agent, promote that Semen sojae atricolor is downgraded, balanced growth.
To be loosened the soil after gathering in the crops in good time and bury Semen sojae atricolor fallen leaves, weeding in furrow surface by described step e, and bean bar is returned land for growing field crops, is laid on furrow face, later every first quarter moon hoe once grass, till executing winter top dressing.
Embodiment 2
A, seed selection and seed treatment；
Selecting Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii scale closely to fill the span of a man's arms, bud head is full, without insect pest, not damaged, carries out by size point, large, medium and small, big < 40/kilogram, in 60/kilogram, 100 little/kilogram, remove per kilogram less than 120；
Selecting the summer soybean seed that grain is the fullest, do not damage seed coat, nitragin is inoculated, and carries out disinfection seed；
B, whole
Selecting Wen Liang on the sunny side, quality is loosened fertile, good water permeability, and draining is good, and subacidity or weakly acidic pH are rich in the sand loam of humus, and deep plough 30cm, and clod draws and attenuates the furrow doing adult fish antiform, furrow width 75cm, the deep 20cm of furrow gutter, furrow width 35cm with creeper；
C, sowing
5～Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii in June in a dormant state, in whole good ground without basal dressing, 5 row of ditching in 75cm furrow face, press according to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb sizeTable 1Trench digging, plants bulb spacing in the rows and also pressesTable 1Putting, head-up, earth down, after setting, is covered on it bud by root, and it is floating to carry out furrow face after having sowed, after instant or just can broadcast Semen sojae atricolor in good time；
Table 1Different size of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb plantation ditching depth, spacing in the rows
| Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb size | Greatly | In | Little |
| Ditching depth | About 15cm | About 12cm | About 9cm |
| Spacing in the rows | About 20cm | About 15cm | About 10cm |
| Every mu of consumption | 300kg | 250kg | 180kg |
The soybean planting time is June 5, bunch planting 2 row on 75cm furrow face, spacing in the rows 17cm, 2, every cave, depth of planting 4cm, the adequate moisture content of sowing is 19.5%, not applying fertilizer the ground of fertility foot, the not enough by specification taked uses dedicated fertilizer for soybean, and the way executing seed manure makes up the deficiency of Semen sojae atricolor base fertilizer, meet the demand of soybean seedling growth, promote root growth and the breeding of root nodule；
D, the field management of Semen sojae atricolor
E, the field management of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii
Described step A is chosen and with soybean rhizobium inoculant inoculation in seed treatment is: use nitragin 0.25kg/667m2Seed dressing, should deposit in the cool before using, it is impossible to exposure under sunlight, in case root nodule bacteria are killed by sunlight.Inoculation method is to be diluted in by microbial inoculum in the clear water that seed weighs 20%, is then sprinkled upon the surface of the seed, and is sufficiently stirred for, and allows nitragin be bonded at all of the surface of the seed, sows in having mixed latter 24 hours.
Described step A is chosen and with seed disinfection method in seed treatment is: with 50% carbendazim seed dressing, dosage is the 0.3% of seed weight；Or dress seed with formulation of Duofu mixture, wherein carbendazim and thiram are 1: 1, can significantly reduce root rot sickness rate；Or use the withered missible oil that goes out to carry out seed disinfection.
The field management of described step E Semen sojae atricolor includes:
A, fertilising:
Topdress at seedling stage, the fruiting period of blooming and podding duration according to the growth of cereal crop seedlings, impose 3～5.0kg/667m seedling stage2Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer promotees strong sprout；Fruiting period of blooming, imposes 9kg/667m2Carbamide；Podding duration imposes 10kg/667m2The carbamide of left and right or foliage-spray carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc.；Soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content, when more than 80mg/kg, can not topdress；
B, water:
Need seedling stage water less, do not water or water less；Bloom, bear pods, podding duration needs water more, meets drought and waters in time；Watering according to soil moisture content, the suitable soil water content of soybean seedling phase is 20%, and branching stage 23% is bloomed fruiting period 30%, podding duration 28%；Water when soil moisture content is less than appropriate aqueous amount；Will draining water logging control early when meeting heavy rain field hydrops rainy season；
C, weeding:
Using chemical weed control: broadcast rear Seedling pre-treatment, every mu of use 50% Acetochlor 110 milliliters carries out soil closing；The stem and leaf phase processes, and in 2 compound leaf phases of Semen sojae atricolor, the weeds 3 leaf phase, every mu of use 25% fluorine 55 milliliters of prowers of sulfanilamide grass mystery add 15 fluazifop-p-butyl 70 milliliters and are watered 30 kilograms of sprayings；
D, disease pest and weed are prevented and treated:
Causing harm of main attention aphid in seedling stage, black cutworm, bean bar fly, paraluperodes suturalis nigrogobilineatus, Prodenia litura, beet armyworm, bean-pod borer etc.；Soybean diseases mainly prevents and treats anaphylactoid purpura, root-knot nematode disease, the harm of downy mildew；
E, in good time results:
When sound occurs in shake soybean plant strain, there is 8% blade not yet to fall, when the petiole of 17% not yet comes off, be the optimum water content in harvest of high-protein soybean, gather in the crops when the morning 9, to reduce shattering, improve income；
The field management of described step E Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii includes:
A, fertilising:
Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii is resistance to fertile crop, big to nitrogenous fertilizer required amount, the most more to potash fertilizer demand.Fertilising respectively before the winter, neat seedling stage and defloration phase carry out；Especially dose in winter is big, every mu of shallow ridges applies dilute night soil 2700 kilograms, 90 kilograms of cake fertilizer, spreads manuring 2000 kilograms；Execute liquid manure 1400 kilograms or 12 kilograms of ammonium sulfate seedling stage every mu；Florescence every mu executes 1500 kilograms of water excrement or 15 kilograms of ammonium sulfate；
B, water:
Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii trophophase needs water few, but in plant vigorous growth period, at the beginning of 3 months, needs the aqueous phase should be more, such as at this moment hydropenia, stem and leaf undergrowth, directly affects expanding of phosphorus stem；So phase arid, should irrigate through furrow weekly once, to meet growth needs；Excess moisture easily makes phosphorus stem rot rotten, should discharge in time so meeting hydrops；
C, in good time defloration:
Defloration in good time utilizes phosphorus stem nutrient to concentrate, and promotes Stem growth, increases photosynthesis.Having 1～2 at plant top the flowers are in blossom when putting and should extract, defloration is preferably carried out at fine day, in order to avoid rainwater penetrates into wound, causes rotten；
D, insect pest preventing and controlling:
Gray mold can spray 100 times of Bordeaux mixture 8 days once at premorbid, even spray 4 times, or in morbidity
Time spray 1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate methyl；Soft rot, dry rot, dug gutter during noting the summer during preventing and treating；By 1000 times of immersion kinds of 50% benzimidazole 15 minutes, sow again after drying；Select and plant without disease pest, grieved scar phosphorus stem；Meet the harm of bean grassland green grass or young crops, available 1500 times of liquid of 90% trichlorphon or 1200 times of liquid of 40% dimethoate emulsion to spray；
E, gather: Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii selects fine day to gather in the crops in time mid-May after stem and leaf is withered on the ground；Cleaning weeds in field, excavates from furrow limit with short handle two tooth harrow, and two tooth harrows fall between two row, dig while pick, and prevent from digging brokenly underground bulb.
In the fertilising of described step a, the Semen sojae atricolor florescence is as the most in great numbers in growth, when having lodging tendency, can spray paclobutrazol, chlorocholine chloride or mepiquat chloride etc. and downgrade strong stalk agent, promote that Semen sojae atricolor is downgraded, balanced growth.
To be loosened the soil after gathering in the crops in good time and bury Semen sojae atricolor fallen leaves, weeding in furrow surface by described step e, and bean bar is returned land for growing field crops, is laid on furrow face, later every first quarter moon hoe once grass, till executing winter top dressing.
Embodiment 3
A, seed selection and seed treatment；
Selecting Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii scale closely to fill the span of a man's arms, bud head is full, without insect pest, not damaged, carries out by size point, large, medium and small, big < 40/kilogram, in 80/kilogram, 120 little/kilogram, remove per kilogram less than 120；
Selecting the summer soybean seed that grain is the fullest, do not damage seed coat, nitragin is inoculated, and carries out disinfection seed；
B, whole
Selecting Wen Liang on the sunny side, quality is loosened fertile, good water permeability, and draining is good, and subacidity or weakly acidic pH are rich in the sand loam of humus, and deep plough 30cm, and clod draws and attenuates the furrow doing adult fish antiform, furrow width 80cm, the deep 20cm of furrow gutter, furrow width 40cm with creeper；
C, sowing
5～Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii in June in a dormant state, in whole good ground without basal dressing, 5 row of ditching in 80cm furrow face, press according to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb sizeTable 1Trench digging, plants bulb spacing in the rows and also pressesTable 1Putting, head-up, earth down, after setting, is covered on it bud by root, and it is floating to carry out furrow face after having sowed, after instant or just can broadcast Semen sojae atricolor in good time；
Table 1Different size of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb plantation ditching depth, spacing in the rows
| Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb size | Greatly | In | Little |
| Ditching depth | About 15cm | About 12cm | About 9cm |
| Spacing in the rows | About 20cm | About 15cm | About 10cm |
| Every mu of consumption | 300kg | 250kg | 180kg |
The soybean planting time is June 15, bunch planting 2 row on 780cm furrow face, spacing in the rows 20cm, 2, every cave, depth of planting 5cm, the adequate moisture content of sowing is 20%, not applying fertilizer the ground of fertility foot, the not enough by specification taked uses dedicated fertilizer for soybean, and the way executing seed manure makes up the deficiency of Semen sojae atricolor base fertilizer, meet the demand of soybean seedling growth, promote root growth and the breeding of root nodule；
D, the field management of Semen sojae atricolor
E, the field management of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii
Described step A is chosen and with soybean rhizobium inoculant inoculation in seed treatment is: use nitragin 0.25kg/667m2Seed dressing, should deposit in the cool before using, it is impossible to exposure under sunlight, in case root nodule bacteria are killed by sunlight.Inoculation method is to be diluted in by microbial inoculum in the clear water that seed weighs 20%, is then sprinkled upon the surface of the seed, and is sufficiently stirred for, and allows nitragin be bonded at all of the surface of the seed, sows in having mixed latter 24 hours.
Described step A is chosen and with seed disinfection method in seed treatment is: with 50% carbendazim seed dressing, dosage is the 0.3% of seed weight；Or dress seed with formulation of Duofu mixture, wherein carbendazim and thiram are 1: 1, can significantly reduce root rot sickness rate；Or use the withered missible oil that goes out to carry out seed disinfection.
The field management of described step E Semen sojae atricolor includes:
A, fertilising:
Topdress at seedling stage, the fruiting period of blooming and podding duration according to the growth of cereal crop seedlings, impose 3～5.0kg/667m seedling stage2Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer promotees strong sprout；Fruiting period of blooming, imposes 10kg/667m2Carbamide；Podding duration imposes 10kg/667m2The carbamide of left and right or foliage-spray carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc.；Soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content, when more than 80mg/kg, can not topdress；
B, water:
Need seedling stage water less, do not water or water less；Bloom, bear pods, podding duration needs water more, meets drought and waters in time；Watering according to soil moisture content, the suitable soil water content of soybean seedling phase is 20%, and branching stage 23% is bloomed fruiting period 30%, podding duration 25%～30%；Water when soil moisture content is less than appropriate aqueous amount；Will draining water logging control early when meeting heavy rain field hydrops rainy season；
C, weeding:
Using chemical weed control: broadcast rear Seedling pre-treatment, every mu of use 50% Acetochlor 120 milliliters carries out soil closing；The stem and leaf phase processes, and in 3 compound leaf phases of Semen sojae atricolor, the weeds 4 leaf phase, every mu of use 25% fluorine 60 milliliters of prowers of sulfanilamide grass mystery add 15 fluazifop-p-butyl 70 milliliters and are watered 30 kilograms of sprayings；
D, disease pest and weed are prevented and treated:
Causing harm of main attention aphid in seedling stage, black cutworm, bean bar fly, paraluperodes suturalis nigrogobilineatus, Prodenia litura, beet armyworm, bean-pod borer etc.；Soybean diseases mainly prevents and treats anaphylactoid purpura, root-knot nematode disease, the harm of downy mildew；
E, in good time results:
When sound occurs in shake soybean plant strain, there is 10% blade not yet to fall, when the petiole of 20% not yet comes off, be the optimum water content in harvest of high-protein soybean, gather in the crops when the morning 11, to reduce shattering, improve income；
The field management of described step E Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii includes:
A, fertilising:
Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii is resistance to fertile crop, big to nitrogenous fertilizer required amount, the most more to potash fertilizer demand.Fertilising respectively before the winter, neat seedling stage and defloration phase carry out；Especially dose in winter is big, every mu of shallow ridges applies dilute night soil 3000 kilograms, cake fertilizer double centner, spreads manuring 2500 kilograms；Execute liquid manure 1500 kilograms or 15 kilograms of ammonium sulfate seedling stage every mu；Florescence every mu executes 1500 kilograms of water excrement or 15 kilograms of ammonium sulfate；
B, water:
Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii trophophase needs water few, but in plant vigorous growth period, at the beginning of 4 months, needs the aqueous phase should be more, such as at this moment hydropenia, stem and leaf undergrowth, directly affects expanding of phosphorus stem；So phase arid, should irrigate through furrow weekly once, to meet growth needs；Excess moisture easily makes phosphorus stem rot rotten, should discharge in time so meeting hydrops；
C, in good time defloration:
Defloration in good time utilizes phosphorus stem nutrient to concentrate, and promotes Stem growth, increases photosynthesis.Having 1～2 at plant top the flowers are in blossom when putting and should extract, defloration is preferably carried out at fine day, in order to avoid rainwater penetrates into wound, causes rotten；
D, insect pest preventing and controlling:
Gray mold can spray 100 times of Bordeaux mixture 10 days once at premorbid, even spray 4 times, or sprays 1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate methyl when morbidity；Soft rot, dry rot, dug gutter during noting the summer during preventing and treating；By 1000 times of immersion kinds of 50% benzimidazole 15 minutes, sow again after drying；Select and plant without disease pest, grieved scar phosphorus stem；Meet the harm of bean grassland green grass or young crops, available 1500 times of liquid of 90% trichlorphon or 1500 times of liquid of 40% dimethoate emulsion to spray；
E, gather: Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii selects fine day to gather in the crops in time June after stem and leaf is withered on the ground；Cleaning weeds in field, excavates from furrow limit with short handle two tooth harrow, and two tooth harrows fall between two row, dig while pick, and prevent from digging brokenly underground bulb.
In the fertilising of described step a, the Semen sojae atricolor florescence is as the most in great numbers in growth, when having lodging tendency, can spray paclobutrazol, chlorocholine chloride or mepiquat chloride etc. and downgrade strong stalk agent, promote that Semen sojae atricolor is downgraded, balanced growth.
To be loosened the soil after gathering in the crops in good time and bury Semen sojae atricolor fallen leaves, weeding in furrow surface by described step e, and bean bar is returned land for growing field crops, is laid on furrow face, later every first quarter moon hoe once grass, till executing winter top dressing.
The above, the only detailed description of the invention of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any change expected without creative work or replacement, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be withClaimThe protection domain that book is limited is as the criterion.
Claims (8)
1.A kind of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii and the interplanting method of Semen sojae atricolor, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
A, seed selection and seed treatment；
Selecting Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii scale closely to fill the span of a man's arms, bud head is full, without insect pest, not damaged, carries out by size point, large, medium and small, big < 40/kilogram, in 40～80/kilogram, 80～120 little/kilogram, remove per kilogram less than 120；
Selecting the summer soybean seed that grain is the fullest, do not damage seed coat, nitragin is inoculated, and carries out disinfection seed；
B, whole
Selecting Wen Liang on the sunny side, quality is loosened fertile, good water permeability, and draining is good, and subacidity or weakly acidic pH are rich in the sand loam of humus, and deep plough 30cm, and clod draws and attenuates the furrow doing adult fish antiform, furrow wide 70～80cm, the deep 20cm of furrow gutter, furrow width 30～40cm with creeper；
C, sowing
5～Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii in June in a dormant state, in whole good ground without basal dressing, ditch on 70～80cm furrow faces 5 row, ditching according to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb size, head-up, root is down for bud, after setting, being covered by earth on it, it is floating to carry out furrow face after having sowed, after instant or just can broadcast Semen sojae atricolor in good time；
The soybean planting time is May 25～June 15, bunch planting 2 row on 70～80cm furrow faces, spacing in the rows 15～20cm, every 2, cave, depth of planting 3～5cm, the adequate moisture content of sowing is 19%～20%, not applying fertilizer the ground of fertility foot, the not enough by specification taked uses dedicated fertilizer for soybean；
D, the field management of Semen sojae atricolor
E, the field management of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii.
2.According to claimDescribed in 1A kind of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii and the interplanting method of Semen sojae atricolor, it is characterised in that described step A is chosen and with soybean rhizobium inoculant inoculation in seed treatment is: dresses seed with nitragin 0.25kg/667m2, should deposit in the cool, it is impossible to exposure under sunlight, in case root nodule bacteria are killed by sunlight before using.Inoculation method is to be diluted in by microbial inoculum in the clear water that seed weighs 20%, is then sprinkled upon the surface of the seed, and is sufficiently stirred for, and allows nitragin be bonded at all of the surface of the seed, sows in having mixed latter 24 hours.
3.According to claimDescribed in 1A kind of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii and the interplanting method of Semen sojae atricolor, it is characterised in that step A is chosen and with seed disinfection method in seed treatment is: with 50% carbendazim seed dressing, dosage is the 0.3% of seed weight；Or dress seed with formulation of Duofu mixture, wherein carbendazim and thiram are 1: 1；Or use the withered missible oil that goes out to carry out seed disinfection.
4.According to claimDescribed in 1A kind of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii and the interplanting method of Semen sojae atricolor, it is characterised in that in the sowing of step C, the described kind bulb size according to Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii is ditched, it is specific as follows that different size of kind of bulb plants every mu of consumption, spacing in the rows, ditching depth: big Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb, according to every mu of consumption 300kg, spacing in the rows～20cm, opens enough degree of depth～15cm；In Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb according to every mu of consumption 250kg, spacing in the rows～15cm, open enough degree of depth～12cm；Little Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii kind bulb, according to every mu of consumption 180kg, spacing in the rows～10cm, opens enough degree of depth～9cm.
5.According to claimDescribed in 1A kind of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii and the interplanting method of Semen sojae atricolor, it is characterised in that the field management of described step E Semen sojae atricolor includes:
A, fertilising:
Topdress at seedling stage, the fruiting period of blooming and podding duration according to the growth of cereal crop seedlings, impose 3～5.0kg/667m seedling stage2Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer promotees strong sprout；Fruiting period of blooming, imposes 7～10kg/667m2Carbamide；Podding duration imposes 10kg/667m2The carbamide of left and right or foliage-spray carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc.；Soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content, when more than 80mg/kg, can not topdress；
B, water:
Need seedling stage water less, do not water or water less；Bloom, bear pods, podding duration needs water more, meets drought and waters in time；Watering according to soil moisture content, the suitable soil water content of soybean seedling phase is 20%, and branching stage 23% is bloomed fruiting period 30%, podding duration 25%～30%；Water when soil moisture content is less than appropriate aqueous amount；Will draining water logging control early when meeting heavy rain field hydrops rainy season；
C, weeding:
Using chemical weed control: broadcast rear Seedling pre-treatment, every mu of use 50% Acetochlor 100～120 milliliters carry out soil closing；The stem and leaf phase processes, and in Semen sojae atricolor 1～3 compound leaf phases, the weeds 2～4 leaf phase, every mu of use 25% fluorine sulfanilamide grass mystery 50～60 milliliters of prowers add 15 fluazifop-p-butyl 70 milliliters and are watered 30 kilograms of sprayings；
D, disease pest and weed are prevented and treated:
Causing harm of main attention aphid in seedling stage, black cutworm, bean bar fly, paraluperodes suturalis nigrogobilineatus, Prodenia litura, beet armyworm, bean-pod borer etc.；Soybean diseases mainly prevents and treats anaphylactoid purpura, root-knot nematode disease, the harm of downy mildew；
E, in good time results:
When sound occurs in shake soybean plant strain, there is 7%～10% blade not yet to fall, when the petiole of 15%～20% not yet comes off, be the optimum water content in harvest of high-protein soybean, gather in the crops when the morning 8～11.
6.According to claimDescribed in 1A kind of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii and the interplanting method of Semen sojae atricolor, it is characterised in that the field management of described step E Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii includes:
A, fertilising:
Fertilising respectively before the winter, neat seedling stage and defloration phase carry out；Especially dose in winter is big, every mu of shallow ridges applies dilute night soil 2500～3000 kilograms, cake fertilizer 75～double centner, paving manuring 1500～2500 kilograms；Execute liquid manure 1200～1500 kilograms or ammonium sulfate 10～15 kilograms seedling stage every mu；Florescence every mu executes 1500 kilograms of water excrement or 15 kilograms of ammonium sulfate；
B, water:
Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii trophophase needs water few, but in plant vigorous growth period, at the beginning of 2 months～at the beginning of 4 months, needs the aqueous phase should be more, and arid of such phase should irrigate through furrow weekly once, to meet growth needs；Meet hydrops should discharge in time；
C, in good time defloration:
Having 1～2 at plant top the flowers are in blossom when putting and extract, defloration is preferably carried out at fine day；
D, insect pest preventing and controlling:
Gray mold can premorbid 100 times of Bordeaux mixture 7 of spray～10 days once, even spray 3～4 times, or sprays 1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate methyl when morbidity；Soft rot, dry rot, dug gutter during noting the summer during preventing and treating；By 1000 times of immersion kinds of 50% benzimidazole 15 minutes, sow again after drying；Select and plant without disease pest, grieved scar phosphorus stem；Meet the harm of bean grassland green grass or young crops, available 1500 times of liquid of 90% trichlorphon or 40% dimethoate emulsion 800～1500 times of liquid to spray；
E, gather: Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii 5～June, after stem and leaf is withered on the ground, select fine day to gather in the crops in time；Cleaning weeds in field, excavates from furrow limit with short handle two tooth harrow, and two tooth harrows fall between two row, dig while pick, and prevent from digging brokenly underground bulb.
7.According to claimDescribed in 5A kind of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii and the interplanting method of Semen sojae atricolor, it is characterised in that in the fertilising of described step a, the Semen sojae atricolor florescence is as the most in great numbers in growth, when having lodging tendency, can spray paclobutrazol, chlorocholine chloride or mepiquat chloride etc. and downgrade strong stalk agent, promote that Semen sojae atricolor is downgraded, balanced growth.
8.According to claimDescribed in 5A kind of Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii and the interplanting method of Semen sojae atricolor, it is characterised in that to be loosened the soil after gathering in the crops in good time and bury Semen sojae atricolor fallen leaves, weeding in furrow surface by described step e, and bean bar is returned land for growing field crops, is laid on furrow face, later every first quarter moon hoe once grass, till executing winter top dressing.
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| CN115067157A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-20 | 石红静 | Zhejiang fritillaria bulb-sweet corn-small sweet potato intercropping and crop rotation planting method |
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| CN107231914A (en) * | 2017-06-18 | 2017-10-10 | 常州慧杰电气技术有限公司 | A kind of method that sesame is interplanted with Soybean Intercropping |
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| CN108496737A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-09-07 | 浙江贝尼菲特药业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of fritillaria thunbergii |
| CN108812152A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-16 | 浙江龙游再生方药材发展有限公司 | A kind of plantation breeding method of bulb of thunberg fritillary |
| CN111543274A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-18 | 邵阳市农业科学研究院 | Corn and soybean relay intercropping whole-process mechanized production method |
| CN112056167A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-11 | 宁波工程学院 | Low-fertilizer high-yield thunberg fritillary bulb fertilizing method |
| CN112956385A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-15 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | Ecological cultivation method for intercropping Hubei fritillary and broad beans |
| CN113615527A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-11-09 | 元合玲 | Bulb-separating breeding method for tulip cover plants |
| CN115067157A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-20 | 石红静 | Zhejiang fritillaria bulb-sweet corn-small sweet potato intercropping and crop rotation planting method |
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