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CN106988847B - 车辆排气装置 - Google Patents

车辆排气装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106988847B
CN106988847B CN201610856310.2A CN201610856310A CN106988847B CN 106988847 B CN106988847 B CN 106988847B CN 201610856310 A CN201610856310 A CN 201610856310A CN 106988847 B CN106988847 B CN 106988847B
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exhaust
catalytic converter
manifolds
cylinders
vehicle
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CN106988847A (zh
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禹秀亨
金宇泰
金大成
李炳硕
韩胜国
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Hyundai Motor Co
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Hyundai Motor Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/082—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of tailpipe, e.g. with means for mixing air with exhaust for exhaust cooling, dilution or evacuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/107—More than one exhaust manifold or exhaust collector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/08—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for preventing heat loss or temperature drop, using other means than layers of heat-insulating material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种车辆排气装置。该车辆排气装置包括排气管，排气管的一端连接至气缸的排气歧管并且其另一端连接至催化转化器。具体地，排气管的中间部分与催化转化器的侧表面接触从而通过排气管的热量加热催化转化器。

Description

车辆排气装置
技术领域
本公开内容涉及一种车辆排气装置。
背景技术
本部分中的陈述仅提供与本公开内容有关的背景信息，并且可不构成现有技术。
典型的车辆发动机(其为内燃机)设置有用于排出由气缸中的燃料燃烧产生的废气的排气系统。
在气缸盖中设置有排放口从而允许气缸中的废气通过排放口排出。从排放口排出的废气通过排气歧管和排气管供应至催化转化器。
近来，为了减小排气干扰，排气管被延长成具有足够长度。然而，这种构造增加起燃时间(LOT)，从而使满足废气排放标准的能力退化，该起燃时间是当发动机在低温下发动时为了净化废气而达到催化剂的激活温度所需的时间。而且，为了改进能力的测量催化转化器中所包含的贵金属含量的增加导致制造成本的过多增加。
发明内容
本公开提供了一种车辆排气装置，在该车辆排气装置中，排气管部分接触催化转化器从而减小达到激活温度所需的时间以由此增大净化效率。
本公开提供了包括排气管的车辆排气装置，该排气管的一端连接至气缸的排气歧管和该排气管的另一端连接至催化转化器，并且排气管的中间部分与催化转化器的侧表面接触。
排气管的中间部分可以被弯曲成围绕该催化转化器的侧表面，该中间部分在布置在催化转化器的侧表面周围的状态下具有圆柱形状。
气缸体可包括多个气缸。
排气歧管的数量可以小于气缸的数量，并且排气歧管的第一端可以被分成分支从而分别连接至多个气缸，使得连接至一个排气歧管的气缸不同于连接至剩余的排气歧管的气缸，其中，排气管包括多个排气管且排气歧管包括多个排气歧管使得排气管的数量与排气歧管的数量相同，并且排气管的第一端连接至不同的排气歧管的第二端并且排气管的第二端彼此结合，所结合的这些端部连接至催化转化器的第一端。
排气歧管的第一端可以被分成分支并且延伸相同的长度，并且排气歧管的分成分支的这些端部可以连接至多个气缸之中的每一个。
排气歧管可以一体形成在气缸盖中。
排气歧管可以耦接至气缸盖的一部分。
排气管可以与催化转化器一体形成。
根据如上所述构造的车辆排气装置，当车辆在低温下发动时激活催化转化器所需的起燃时间(LOT)减少，从而增加排气净化效率。
而且，因为无需为了增大净化效率而增加催化转化器中所包含的贵金属的含量，所以可以显著地减小制造成本。
进一步的实用领域将可从本文提供的描述中变得显而易见。应当理解描述和具体实例旨在仅用于举例说明，而并非旨在限制本公开内容的范围。
附图说明
为了可以充分理解本公开，现在将参考附图以实例的方式描述本公开内容的各种形式，附图中：
图1是示出了车辆排气装置的视图；
图2是示出了车辆排气装置的示意性立体图；
图3是示出了车辆排气装置的侧视图；以及
图4是示出了车辆排气装置的立体图。
本文中描述的附图仅用于说明目的，并非旨在以任何方式限制本公开的范围。
具体实施方式
以下描述实际上仅是示例性的并不旨在限制本公开内容、应用或者用途。应当理解的是，贯穿所有附图，对应的参考标号指代相似或对应的部件或特征。
图1是示出了根据本公开内容的一种形式的车辆排气装置的视图。参考图1，车辆排气装置可以包括排气管20，该排气管在其一端处连接至排气歧管10并且在其另一端处连接至催化转化器30。排气管20的中间部分还与催化转化器30的侧表面接触。
在气缸体5中设置有气缸，该气缸提供用于燃烧燃料的空间，并且在与气缸体5连接的气缸盖1中设置有排气歧管10，该排气歧管用作通道，由气缸3中的燃料燃烧产生的气体通过该通道排出至外部。排气歧管10在其第一端处连接至气缸3并且在其第二端处连接至排气管20。
排气管20在一端处连接至排气歧管10并且在其另一端处连接至催化转化器30以用于净化废气。换言之，催化转化器30接收通过排气歧管10和排气管20排出的废气。
催化转化器30用于净化碳氢化合物，该碳氢化合物是废气中不希望有的化合物。碳氢化合物的净化在约200至350℃的温度下有效地实现。然而，如果催化转化器30因为车辆在低温下发动而未处于充分加热和激活的状态，未燃烧的碳氢化合物可能在没有被催化转化器30净化的情况下排入大气，从而可能无法满足废气排放标准。
因此，本公开在一种形式下提供了排气管20的中间部分，该中间部分与催化转化器30的侧表面接触从而缩短起燃时间(LOT)，该起燃时间是催化转化器30达到激活温度所需的时间。在另一形式下，排气管20的中间部分可以设置成邻近于催化转化器30的侧表面，使得催化转化器30接收从排气管20产生的热量。换言之，因为从气缸3排出的高温废气在废气经过排气管20的同时间接加热催化转化器30。因此，可以缩短将催化转化器30的温度增加至激活温度所需的时间。
利用这些布置或者类似的布置，即使当车辆起动时，可以缩短致动催化转化器30所期望的LOT，并且可以增大排气净化效率。有利地，因为无需为了增大净化效率而增加催化转化器30中所包含的贵金属的含量，所以可以显著地减小制造成本。
在一种形式下，排气管20的中间部分被弯曲成围绕该催化转化器的侧表面，该中间部分在接触催化转化器30的侧表面的状态下具有圆柱形状。
换言之，排气管20从排气歧管10延伸成围绕催化转化器30的外表面，由此增加排气管20与催化转化器30之间的接触面积，从而进一步增加催化转化器30的温度。这里，催化转化器30与排气管20之间的接触表面可以是弯曲表面。
如果催化转化器30具有矩形截面，则排气管20的中间部分可以弯曲成直角从而紧密围绕催化转化器30。换言之，排气管20可以具有保持接触或者减小排气管20与催化转化器30之间的间隙的互补形状。
排气歧管10的数量可以少于气缸3的数量。利用该布置，每个排气歧管10在其第一端处均可分成分支并且连接至对应的气缸3，使得一个或多个气缸3可以连接至一个排气歧管10。然而，连接至一个排气歧管10的(一个或多个)气缸不连接至其他剩余的排气歧管10。同时，排气管20的数量可以与排气歧管10的数量相同，并且因此每个排气管20在其第一端处均连接至对应的排气歧管10的第二端，并且排气管20在其第二端处彼此结合。排气管20的结合端连接至催化转化器30的第一端。
图2是示出了根据本公开内容的一种形式的车辆排气装置的立体图。图3是示出了车辆排气装置的侧视图。参考图2和图3，在存在四个气缸3和两个排气歧管10的情况下，两个排气歧管10中的一个排气歧管可以连接至第一气缸和第四气缸，而另一个排气歧管10可以连接至第二气缸和第三气缸。换言之，不连续执行膨胀冲程的气缸3彼此连接，从而减小排气干扰。
在设置六个气缸3和两个或三个排气歧管10的情况下，排气歧管10中的每个均连接至不连续执行膨胀冲程的气缸3，从而抑制或者防止排气干扰。这里，气缸3和排气歧管10的数量仅用于说明性的目的建议，并且可以依据设计者或者车辆改变。
因此，因为不需要将歧管10的数量提供成与气缸3的数量一样多，所以可以提供包括排气装置的紧凑封装，而不用过多的排气歧管10。
排气歧管10可以在第一端分成分支并且可以延伸相同的长度，并且分成分支的端部可以连接至对应的气缸3。换言之，一个排气歧管10可以分为几个分支，使得一个排气歧管10可以连接几个气缸。具体地，当排气歧管10的分成分支的端部延伸相同长度时，从各个气缸3排出的废气的压力变得彼此相等。可以从歧管10与排气管20连接的点到排气歧管10的分成分支的端部与各个气缸连接的点测量长度。因此，排气歧管10的分成分支的端部相对于气缸3的中点延伸相同的长度，从而抑制或者防止排气歧管10中的排气干扰的出现。
排气歧管10可以被配置为耦接至气缸盖1的一端，如在图2和图3中所示，或者可以被配置为一体形成在气缸盖1中。
图4是示出了根据本公开的另一形式的车辆排气装置的立体图。参考图4，应注意排气歧管10设置在气缸盖中。因此，包括排气装置的封装的构造可以简化，并且封装的体积可以缩小。
排气管20可以与催化转化器30一体形成。具体地，虽然排气管20可以借助于螺钉耦接至催化转化器30，但排气管20可以与催化转化器30一体形成以减少废气的流出以及减小装置的体积。
根据本公开，当车辆在低温下发动时激活催化转化器所需的起燃时间(LOT)减小，从而增加排气净化效率。
而且，因为无需为了增大净化效率而增加催化转化器中所包含的贵金属的含量，所以可以显著地减小制造成本。
虽然为了说明性的目的已经描述了本公开内容的形式，但是本领域技术人员将认识到的是，在不背离本公开内容的范围和精神的情况下，可进行各种修改、添加和替换。

Claims (6)

1.一种车辆排气装置，包括：
气缸体，所述气缸体包括多个气缸；
两个或更多个排气歧管，所述排气歧管均包括第一端和第二端；以及
两个或更多个排气管，所述排气管均包括第一端、第二端和中间部分，所述中间部分形成连接所述排气管的所述第一端和所述排气管的所述第二端的主体部分，其中，所述排气管的所述第一端分别连接至所述排气歧管的对应的所述第二端，并且所述排气管的所述第二端连接至催化转化器，所述中间部分被配置为与所述催化转化器的侧表面接触，
其中，所述排气歧管的数量小于所述气缸的数量，并且所述排气歧管在所述排气歧管的所述第一端分支并且延伸一预定长度以分别连接至多个所述气缸中的对应气缸，
其中，所述排气管的数量与所述排气歧管的数量相同，所述排气管的所述第二端彼此结合，并且所述排气管的所结合的所述第二端连接至所述催化转化器的第一端，并且
其中，所述排气歧管的延伸的所述预定长度都相等。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆排气装置，其中，所述两个或更多个排气管的所述中间部分被弯曲成围绕所述催化转化器的所述侧表面，使得所述中间部分形成圆柱形状。
3.根据权利要求1所述的车辆排气装置，其中，所述两个或更多个排气歧管一体地形成在气缸盖中。
4.根据权利要求1所述的车辆排气装置，其中，所述两个或更多个排气歧管耦接至气缸盖的一部分。
5.根据权利要求1所述的车辆排气装置，其中，所述两个或更多个排气管与所述催化转化器一体形成。
6.一种车辆排气装置，包括：
多个排气歧管，安装在气缸盖上，所述气缸盖附接在包括多个气缸的气缸体上；以及
多个排气管，均与对应的所述排气歧管连通并且被配置为排出废气，每个所述排气管包括第一端部、中间部分及第二端部，
其中，所述排气管的所述第一端部分别连接至对应的所述排气歧管，所述排气管的所述第二端部结合至催化转化器，并且所述排气管的所述中间部分被弯曲并被配置为围绕所述催化转化器，使得从所述中间部分产生的热量转移至所述催化转化器，
其中，每个所述排气歧管分叉成至少两个分支并且延伸一预定长度以分别连接至对应的所述气缸，并且
其中，所述分支的延伸的所述预定长度都相等。
CN201610856310.2A 2015-11-06 2016-09-27 车辆排气装置 Expired - Fee Related CN106988847B (zh)

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