CN106786819A - Constant-current charge equipment with acousto-optic hint - Google Patents
Constant-current charge equipment with acousto-optic hint Download PDFInfo
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- CN106786819A CN106786819A CN201510807695.9A CN201510807695A CN106786819A CN 106786819 A CN106786819 A CN 106786819A CN 201510807695 A CN201510807695 A CN 201510807695A CN 106786819 A CN106786819 A CN 106786819A
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0069—Charging or discharging for charge maintenance, battery initiation or rejuvenation
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- H02J7/0077—
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Constant-current charge equipment with acousto-optic hint, belongs to electronic technology field, and by constant-current charge unit, switch unit, charging stop element, comparing unit, clamping unit charges and terminates alarm unit, load, trickle resistance composition.When in load unit be electrically charged pond it is fully charged after, after fiducial value more than comparing unit, end unit is started, clamper constant-current charge unit stops charging, charge and terminate the prompting that alarm unit sends sound and light immediately, include two triodes in constant-current charge unit, both possesses charge function, but form the form of constant current, work, backup charging circuit automatically switches without being easily damaged, the maximized charging of charging of science can be realized to rechargeable battery, the life-span and capacity for filling and putting and be electrically charged pond are extended to greatest extent, it employs cotype amplifying circuit, there is outstanding resisting temperature unstable characteristic, no matter used in the north or south, its performance is more stablized, the environmental protection of society can more be realized.
Description
Technical field
Belong to electronic technology technical field.
Background technology
In development, in progress, the living standard of people is also constantly being improved science and technology for society.With enriching for the modern life, the species with the electrical equipment of battery is more and more, such as security personnel's equipment, digital machine machine, and mobile phone, etc., is that this also occurs in that many charger species, but it is all kinds of to lack a kind of low-carbon environment-friendly charging circuit in these species.Its meaning one is that present product, charging supervisor therein is off the loop triode that shut-off is charged, and is easily damaged, once damaging, this charger is become for rubbish.It is reported that, this failure becomes major failure point, just as this point is damaged and turns into rubbish, it is a kind of very big waste,（If going to repair, because it is related to repair cost, and user removes the cost that repair shop contacts, so people are often to lose）.Its meaning two, due in charging process, row maximum scientific charging when not charged to battery, thus influence battery capacity and life-span,（The capacity of only pipe battery is smaller, influences small, but in Low Carbon World, we should prevent from small place）, battery is prematurely easily also changed into rubbish, that is, formed and wasted, and environment is polluted.（Refuse battery has pollution to environment）.Be not carried out charging it is maximum scientific the reason for one be present product or battery to be charged only with direct current mode, without using a kind of preferable mode, such as continuous current charges；Or though constant current source charging can be used, it is also there are some conveniences using upper or scientific, etc. not enough on the line, therefore should enrich and develop.
Low-carbon environment-friendly should be picked up from drop, should be picked up from trickle, so just beneficial to the permanent progress and development of society.
The content of the invention
The main object of the present invention is, solve existing charge prepd and only possess charge function but the not enough weakness of environmental protection, the constant-current charge equipment with acousto-optic hint is proposed, its purpose one is to have developed a kind of work, backup charging circuit to automatically switch without the constant current charger being easily damaged.Two is the maximized charging of charging that the constant current charger can realize science to rechargeable battery, so that maximized extension charger and the life-span and capacity for being electrically charged pond.Three is that constant current charger employs cotype amplifying circuit inside it again, there is outstanding resisting temperature unstable characteristic.No matter used in the north, or used in south, its performance is more stablized.The environmental protection of society can more be realized.
The technical measures for being used are：
1st, by constant-current charge unit, switch unit, charging stop element, comparing unit, clamping unit is charged and terminates alarm unit the constant-current charge equipment with acousto-optic hint, and load, trickle resistance is collectively constituted.
Wherein：Constant-current charge unit is made up of constant-current charge operating circuit, constant-current charge fallback circuit, isolating diode.
Constant-current charge operating circuit indicates one to constitute by constant-current charge instrumentation tubes, the base resistance of charging instrumentation tubes, instrumentation tubes constant current adjustable resistance, work constant current protective resistance, tuning；Constant-current charge fallback circuit indicates two to constitute by constant current backup pipe, the base resistance of backup pipe, backup pipe constant current adjustable resistance, backup constant current protective resistance, tuning.
The colelctor electrode of charging instrumentation tubes connects with the colelctor electrode of backup pipe, connects power input；The base resistance of charging instrumentation tubes is connected between the colelctor electrode of charging instrumentation tubes and base stage; the emitter stage of charging instrumentation tubes connects instrumentation tubes constant current adjustable resistance with the series circuit of work constant current protective resistance to the output of constant-current charge operating circuit, tunes and indicates one to be connected between the output of the base stage of charging instrumentation tubes and constant-current charge operating circuit.
The base resistance of backup pipe is connected between the colelctor electrode of backup pipe and base stage; the emitter stage of backup pipe connects backup pipe constant current adjustable resistance with the series circuit of backup constant current protective resistance to the output of constant-current charge fallback circuit, tunes and indicates two to be connected between the output of the base stage of backup pipe and constant-current charge fallback circuit.
The positive pole of isolating diode connects the output of constant-current charge operating circuit, and negative pole connects with the output of constant current backup charging fallback circuit, the output as constant-current charge unit, and the positive pole in pond is electrically charged in the output connection load of constant-current charge unit.
Switch unit is made up of conversion triode, divider resistance, triggering resistance：Triggering resistance is connected between the output of constant-current charge operating circuit and the base stage of conversion triode, and divider resistance is connected between the base stage of conversion triode and ground wire, changes the grounded emitter line of triode, and the colelctor electrode for changing triode connects the base stage of backup pipe.
Load by be electrically charged pond, be electrically charged pond contact indicator lamp, be electrically charged pond contact indicate protective resistance constitute；It is electrically charged pond contact indicator lamp and shows that protective resistance is connected with by cell contact fingers, is connected between the positive pole and ground wire by battery.
Charging stop element is made up of end triode, sampling adjustable resistance, sampling protective resistance, lower inclined resistance, earth resistance：Sampling adjustable resistance series connection sampling protective resistance, is connected between the base stage for being electrically charged the positive pole in pond and terminating triode, and lower inclined resistance is connected between the base stage and ground wire for terminating triode, and ground resistance earth terminates between the emitter stage of triode and ground wire.
Comparing unit is constituted by comparing triode, collector resistance, upper inclined resistance, feedback capacity, discharge resistance, feedback diode, lower inclined voltage-stabiliser tube：Collector resistance is connected between power input and the colelctor electrode for comparing triode, upper inclined resistance is connected between power input and the base stage for comparing triode, inclined voltage-stabiliser tube is connected on and compares between the base stage of triode and ground wire down, one termination of feedback capacity compares the colelctor electrode of triode, the other end is two-way, discharge resistance to ground wire is connect all the way, another road connects feedback diode to the base stage for terminating triode, the transmitting for comparing triode connects with the emitter stage for terminating triode.
Clamping unit is made up of two clamp diodes, and clamp diode one is connected between the colelctor electrode of the base stage of backup pipe and end triode, and clamp diode two is connected between the colelctor electrode of the base stage of charging instrumentation tubes and end triode.
The end alarm unit that charges is made up of current-limiting resistance, sounding body, termination instruction branch road：One termination power input of current-limiting resistance, the other end is two-way, and sounding body to the colelctor electrode for terminating triode is connect all the way, and another road connects termination instruction branch road to the colelctor electrode for terminating triode.
Sounding body by voice sheet, piezoelectric ceramic piece, help sound resistance to constitute；Sound resistance is helped to be connected on the two poles of the earth of piezoelectric ceramic piece, the two poles of the earth of piezoelectric ceramic piece connect the two ends of voice sheet respectively.
Trickle resistance is connected between the output of power input and constant-current charge unit.
2nd, feedback capacity is electrodeless electric capacity.
3rd, charging instrumentation tubes, backup pipe, change triode, terminate triode, compare triode or be same type of triode, or the high pressure that charging instrumentation tubes change triode, terminate triode, compare triode with the resistance to pressure ratio of backup pipe.
Further illustrate：
1st, operation principle explanation：
When missed electric source, it is electrically charged pond and is not in contact with being electrically charged pond contact indicator lamp（In Fig. 2 4.2）Do not work, after being electrically charged pond and having contacted, be electrically charged pond contact indicator lamp bright.
The present invention uses constant-current charge, and at the end of charging, using cell voltage end mode in place is electrically charged, it is very good to be electrically charged pond to a major class.
Form constant-current source is that charging instrumentation tubes have connected into the form of constant-current source with backup pipe in reason.
It should be noted that the live part of present invention design, includes two triodes, it is have constant-current charge instrumentation tubes（In Fig. 2 2.11）With constant current backup pipe (in Fig. 2 2.21) two triodes.Although the constant-current charge instrumentation tubes in constant-current charge unit constitute the charge tunnel of OR gate with constant current backup pipe to being electrically charged pond.But by the particularity of design measure, only constant-current charge instrumentation tubes energization work usually, and constant current backup is managed and is in open-circuit condition, but once constant-current charge instrumentation tubes are damaged, constant current backup pipe will automatically engage energization work.
In charging process, because charging current is provided by constant-current source, whole charging process is constant-current charge.
When the side pressure for being electrically charged pond is raised, it is applied to terminate triode after sampled electric resistance partial pressure（In Fig. 2 5.1）Base stage, compare triode when voltage exceeds（In Fig. 2 6.1）Base voltage after, terminate the colelctor electrode output low level of triode, so as to cause the base stage of the pipe of constant-current charge unit two for low level, without biasing, stop charging.At the same time, charging termination instruction unit will form passage of the power supply to ground, termination instruction lamp（In Fig. 2 8.3）Produce light, sounding body（In Fig. 2 8.2）Slight sound will be sent.
After the battery being electrically charged charges completely, only two shut-offs of the pipe in cut-off of pipe constant-current charge unit, but because it is connected with trickle resistance（In Fig. 29）The tiny stream electric current of the maintenance needed for thus being provided to pond is electrically charged.
2nd, line feature analysis：
（1）, the constant current unit unit concurrently acts as by switching tube.
Constant-current charge instrumentation tubes are that the energization for making to charge is controlled with open circuit with constant current backup pipe in measure, are emitter follower control, but be linked to be the form of constant-current source again.
Forming the principle of constant-current source is, constant-current charge instrumentation tubes are symmetric forms with the connected mode of constant current backup pipe, their emitter stage has all been connected constant current adjustable resistance, while base stage is connected to a tuning with the resistance end connected indicating, plays metering function, when load current is excessive, and when having exceeded the threshold values of tuning instruction, base current will be shunted, and be no longer pass through triode amplification, hereby it is ensured that emitter current is certain value, thus as a kind of constant-current source.
Emitter stage is in series with constant current adjustable resistance and constant current protective resistance, and constant current adjustable resistance can be adjusted to constant current, and constant current protective resistance is that the minimum value of adjustable resistance is limited, so as to ensure that constant current value in a constrained space.
Benefit with such circuit is that circuit is simplified, reliable, beneficial to engineering, while beneficial to cost-effective.It is have light to indicate that this external application harmony is indicated as a major reason of the current limiting device of constant current, and when the constant current adjustable resistance debugging that emitter stage is connected is correct, harmony indicates to glimmer or compared with light, represents that debugging is correct.Because now constriction works.Produce constant current effect.Because the PN economize on electricity pressures that harmony is indicated are 1.2 volts or so, higher than 0.7 volt, so constant-current charge instrumentation tubes have used one respectively with constant current backup pipe.
The output of constant-current charge operating circuit is connected to an isolating diode（In Fig. 2 2.3）, its effect is, when constant-current charge instrumentation tubes（In Fig. 2 2.11）Damage, constant current backup pipe（In Fig. 2 2.21）During work, triode is changed（In Fig. 2 3.1）Will not start.
(2), charging stop element, comparing unit.
Charging stop element is by end triode（In Fig. 2 5.1）, sampling adjustable resistance（In Fig. 2 5.2）, sampling protective resistance（In Fig. 2 5.3）, lower inclined resistance（In Fig. 2 5.5）, earth resistance（In Fig. 2 5.6）Composition.
Comparing unit is by comparing triode（In Fig. 2 6.1）, collector resistance（In Fig. 2 6.2）, upper inclined resistance（In Fig. 2 6.3）, feedback capacity（In Fig. 2 6.5）, discharge resistance（In Fig. 2 6.6）, feedback diode（In Fig. 2 6.7）, lower inclined voltage-stabiliser tube（In Fig. 2 6.8）Composition.
Its operation principle is to compare triode（In Fig. 2 6.1）With end triode（In Fig. 2 5.1）Two pipes constitute cotype amplifying circuit.Wherein go up inclined resistance（In Fig. 2 6.3）With lower inclined voltage-stabiliser tube（In Fig. 2 6.8）The comparing branch road of triode is compared in formation, and the base stage to comparing triode forms a normal voltage, and this voltage is threshold voltage, and samples adjustable resistance（In Fig. 2 5.2）, sampling protective resistance（In Fig. 2 5.3）, lower inclined resistance（In Fig. 2 5.5）Sampling slip is formd, when end triode（In Fig. 2 5.1）Sampling slip drawn be added in terminate transistor base voltage exceed threshold voltage after, the bias supply for comparing triode is reduced, and terminate the increase of triode bias current, in addition the presence of feedback circuit, so the rapid change of two pipes, the colelctor electrode for terminating triode is rapid by step-down high, and the colelctor electrode for comparing pipe is uprised rapidly by low.When the colelctor electrode that terminates triode it is rapid by step-down high when, the clamper base stage of the triode of charhing unit two, thus close constant-current charge unit.
It is partially the mu balanced circuit of diode composition due to comparing the lower of pipe in measure, so comparison voltage very standard.
Again because the level employs cotype amplifying circuit, so there is outstanding resisting temperature unstable characteristic.No matter used in the north, or used in south, its performance is basicly stable.
In addition terminate triode and also have two big functions.
One is to turn into excitation-off indicator lamp lighting function, and two is the incentive functions that sound is sent as sounding body.
（3）, constant-current charge instrumentation tubes, constant current backup pipe unit in switch unit and constant-current charge unit the characteristics of and explanation.
The main idea justice of A, the composition of constant-current charge unit and formation.
Tool maintenance statistics, for the triode that most fragile elements in all of charger are exactly execution Push And Release in this charge circuit.So having carried out emphasis treatment to the point in the present invention, the measure also becomes an important core of the invention.
Constant-current charge unit is mainly made up of constant-current charge operating circuit, constant-current charge fallback circuit, isolating diode.
Constant-current charge operating circuit is by constant-current charge instrumentation tubes（In Fig. 2 2.11）, charging instrumentation tubes base resistance（In Fig. 2 2.12）, instrumentation tubes constant current adjustable resistance（In Fig. 2 2.13）, work constant current protective resistance（In Fig. 2 2.15）, tuning indicate one（In Fig. 2 2.16）Composition；Constant-current charge fallback circuit is backed up by constant current and managed（In Fig. 2 2.21）, backup pipe base resistance（In Fig. 2 2.22）, backup pipe constant current adjustable resistance（In Fig. 2 2.23）, backup constant current protective resistance（In Fig. 2 2.25）, tuning indicate two（In Fig. 2 2.26）Composition.
Switch unit is by conversion triode（In Fig. 2 3.1）, divider resistance（In Fig. 2 3.2）, triggering resistance（In Fig. 2 3.3）Composition.
A most important core during why of the invention they are.After its reason present invention devises such circuit, just it is in the working condition opened all the time from the instrumentation tubes of constant-current charge at the beginning being powered, and constant current backup Guan Ze is in " resting state " of open circuit, when constant-current charge instrumentation tubes are damaged and are stopped, constant current backup pipe will automatically engage work, therefore greatly improve the life-span of charger.
The reason for B, generation Unit two " work and work of backup formula ", is analyzed.
Constant-current charge instrumentation tubes and constant current backup Guan Junwu are penetrated with outlet line, and two routes of pipe line are symmetrical, if do not change triode, and interface transistor collector for it is high-order when, then two Guan Jun provide electric current with parallel way to load, this be not design desired by.Purpose of design is after employing conversion triode, to be always pipe work（Abbreviation constant current operation pipe afterwards）, and a pipe " dormancy ",（Abbreviation constant current backup afterwards is managed）, when constant current operation pipe bad after, constant current backup pipe instead of works automatic switchover.
Realizing this principle is, in conducting, emitter-base bandgap grading has output to constant current operation pipe, and the output can encourage the base stage of conversion triode, thus make the pipe collector for position, so that the clamper base stage of constant current backup pipe, and make constant current backup pipe without biasing without output current.Also the idle state of open circuit is therefore in, so not producing electrical wear, will not be damaged, once after the damage of constant current operation pipe, its output cannot encourage the base stage of conversion triode, and constant current backup pipe loses clamper with control, recover biasing, thus emitter stage has output, normally charge to being electrically charged pond.
Some should additionally be illustrated, one is the life-span of triode in theory although very high, but triode production process in itself, and charger on the make to aspects such as the welding of triode the reason for, or improper factor in use, the life-span as usually making triode is challenged, and does not reach such requirement, and it is such change jobs earnestly automatically, exactly one kind that this triode does not reach the high life is made up.Two is, because two transistor parameters are consistent, opening state to be at during work, so either constant current operation pipe work, or the work of constant current backup pipe, so whole charging will not change.Three is using a pipe（Backup pipe in the present invention）It is dormancy shape, so the power consumption of the pipe is approximately zero, and there is very big relation in the triode life-span with its power for being consumed, so being hardly damaged, and it is more much better using simple parallel relationship connection functional reliability than with two pipes and simply in parallel like that, after a pipe is damaged, its constant current value will change, and electric property will also change.
Because above-mentioned reason, it is very big present invention measure meaning by the way of " work and the work of backup formula ".
C, the explanation to changing triode.
One is to control in maintenance statistics the Push And Release triode for charging easily bad why in loop, one is larger charging current value in charge circuit the reason for important, power consumption is big, fragile, in addition suddenly from changing to zero greatly, a kind of impact is internally formed to equipment, one layer of reason is also form, and changes triode load into base current, power consumption very little very little, so will not damage, thus new trouble point will not be turned into.
Two is that conversion triode will not produce influence to the constant current value of charge circuit, the charging current of charge circuit is more than 10 milliamperes, to be also more than 1A when even battery capacity is big, and change the base current of triode only below 0.5 milliampere, so influence will not be produced on constant current value.
（4）, sounding body.
The present invention is designed with auditory tone cues, but the circuit is for when filling baby battery, charger can not possibly fill the large volume of sounding body of loudspeaker etc, can only be using the piezoelectric ceramic piece of sheet, in order to lift volume, so increase at the two poles of the earth of piezoelectric ceramic piece and having welded one and helping sound resistance, the path as audio can reach the purpose of lifting volume.In place, effect can substantially increase for debugging.
The present invention has the advantages that prominent after implementing：
1st, it is life-span for substantially increasing charger by the present invention one, reduces the scrappage of charger, two is to realize science to being electrically charged pond to charge, and enhances maintenance, extends the life-span for being electrically charged pond, reduces scrappage.And such charging modes are employed, or even to failed chargeable battery, there is a certain degree of repair.And battery environmental pollution is relatively large.And both products, either chargeable battery, or supporting charger, all it is the commonly used species of the modern life, so two kinds of environmental protection of product can be strengthened.Environmental protection without minor matter, so the present invention has positive effect.
2nd, also there is important economic worth, for the value of common electronic product, such as charger this kind of product, under without rare first material, so first is Value of Science ＆ Technology, second is manually to add expense, 3rd cost for being only element, and the increased element of present invention institute is limited.After the present invention is implemented, can be clearly felt that one is charger life-time dilatation after user, two is to be electrically charged pond life, three is that capacity will not occur significant change, therefore society is bound to receive, and recognizes its scientific value, therefore this excellent product can replace the product of inferior quality.Because in the modern life, the product purpose is extremely widespread, so significant economic worth can be produced.
3rd, due to the charging modes using constant-current source, and at the end of determined according to the situation for being electrically charged cell voltage, many batteries can be carried out with the maintenance of science, science charges and has a significant impact with capacity to the life-span of battery, so online also have such argument, many batteries are not damaged, but are filled this bad saying, so many senior charger chargings told electrical appliance, clearly propose to the battery specialty for being used.
4th, excellent performance of the present invention, one is that constant current value is flexibly adjustable thus suitable different species.Two is that constant current source charging can be adjusted flexibly using the time, three be electrically charged pond end voltage it is flexibly adjustable, it is possible to be adapted to polytype be electrically charged pond, charging science.Four is to charge with terminating rear acoustic notification, and the person of convenience uses very aspect.Five is that the present invention also has charging not to be afraid of the advantages of overcharging after terminating.
5th, each unit be connected science, and accomplished comprehensive utilization, thus line circuit simplify, reliability it is high.Although many voice sheets, because the few circuit of element is simplified, voice sheet facet is thin, but still just installation very well.
6th, easily production, easily debugging is well suited for minuscule-type-enterprise's production.
7th, this measure is particularly using the big amplifying unit of common mode as charging stop element, so this measure incapability is in colder place, or temperature place higher uses, preferable performance is suffered from, while this measure does not use integrated circuit, and the magnitude of voltage that these separation members bear has very big space, increased after helping sound resistance, sound indicate function substantially, so the present invention present effect it is good, but low cost advantage.Beneficial to popularization.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the unit graph of a relation of the constant-current charge equipment with acousto-optic hint.
In figure：1st, it is input into；2nd, constant-current charge unit；2.1st, constant-current charge operating circuit；2.2nd, constant-current charge fallback circuit；2.3rd, isolating diode；3rd, switch unit；4th, load；5th, charging stop element；6th, comparing unit；7th, clamping unit；8th, charge and terminate alarm unit；9th, trickle resistance.
Fig. 2 is the constant-current charge circuitry schematic diagram with acousto-optic hint.
In figure：1st, it is input into；2.11st, constant-current charge instrumentation tubes；2.12nd, the base resistance of charging instrumentation tubes；2.13rd, instrumentation tubes constant current adjustable resistance；2.15th, work constant current protective resistance；2.16th, tuning indicates one；2.21st, constant current backup pipe；2.22nd, the base resistance of backup pipe；2.23 backup pipe constant current adjustable resistances；2.25th, backup constant current protective resistance；2.26th, tuning indicates two；2.3rd, isolating diode；3.1st, triode is changed；3.2nd, divider resistance；3.3rd, resistance is triggered；4.1st, it is electrically charged pond；4.2nd, it is electrically charged pond contact indicator lamp；4.3rd, it is electrically charged pond contact and indicates protective resistance；5.1st, triode is terminated；5.2nd, adjustable resistance is sampled；5.3rd, protective resistance is sampled；5.5th, lower inclined resistance；5.6th, earth resistance；6.1st, triode is compared；6.2nd, collector resistance；6.3rd, upper inclined resistance；6.5th, feedback capacity；6.6th, discharge resistance；6.7th, feedback diode；6.8th, lower inclined voltage-stabiliser tube；7.1st, clamp diode one；7.2nd, clamp diode two；8.1st, current-limiting resistance；8.2nd, sounding body；8.3rd, termination instruction lamp；9th, trickle resistance.
Fig. 3 is inspection of the fictitious load with constant current unit and method of testing figure.
In figure：1st, it is input into；2.11st, constant-current charge instrumentation tubes；2.12nd, the base resistance of charging instrumentation tubes；2.13rd, instrumentation tubes constant current adjustable resistance；2.15th, work constant current protective resistance；2.16th, tuning indicates one；2.3rd, isolating diode；4.2nd, it is electrically charged pond contact indicator lamp；4.3rd, it is electrically charged pond contact and indicates protective resistance；161.1st, inclined limit value resistance in fictitious load；161.2nd, fictitious load voltage stabilizing value is adjustable；161.3rd, inclined resistance under fictitious load；161.4th, fictitious load triode；161.5th, fictitious load collector resistance；17th, voltmeter red test pencil；18th, voltmeter black meter pen.
Fig. 4 is sounding body structure chart.
In figure：8.21st, voice sheet；8.22nd, piezoelectric ceramic piece；8.23rd, a pole of piezoelectric ceramic piece, 8.25, another pole of piezoelectric ceramic piece；8.26th, sound resistance is helped.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram to conversion triode detection.
In figure：1st, it is input into；2.11st, constant-current charge instrumentation tubes；2.12nd, the base resistance of charging instrumentation tubes；2.13rd, instrumentation tubes constant current adjustable resistance；2.15th, work constant current protective resistance；2.16th, tuning indicates one；2.21st, constant current backup pipe；2.22nd, the base resistance of backup pipe；2.23 backup pipe constant current adjustable resistances；2.25th, backup constant current protective resistance；2.26th, tuning indicates two；2.3rd, isolating diode；3.1st, triode is changed；3.2nd, divider resistance；3.3rd, resistance is triggered；5.1st, triode is terminated；5.5th, lower inclined resistance；5.6th, earth resistance；6.1st, triode is compared；6.2nd, collector resistance；6.3rd, upper inclined resistance；6.5th, feedback capacity；6.6th, discharge resistance；6.7th, feedback diode；6.8th, lower inclined voltage-stabiliser tube；7.1st, clamp diode one；7.2nd, clamp diode two；8.1st, current-limiting resistance；8.2nd, sounding body；8.3rd, termination instruction lamp；161.1st, inclined limit value resistance in fictitious load；161.2nd, fictitious load voltage stabilizing value is adjustable；161.3rd, inclined resistance under fictitious load；161.4th, fictitious load triode；161.5th, fictitious load collector resistance；20th, ammeter；21st, ammeter red test pencil；22nd, ammeter black meter pen.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1,2,3,4,5 have gone out a kind of implementation example of making.
First, element is selected：Charging instrumentation tubes, backup pipe, triode is changed, terminated triode, compared triode and use 8050, diode uses face bonded type diode, and PN economize on electricity pressures select consistent as far as possible.Other resistor-capacitor units are without particular/special requirement.
Discharge resistance uses powerful style number, and other resistor-capacitor units are without particular/special requirement.
2nd, making sheet, welding：Circuit control panel is made by Fig. 2, by the schematic diagram soldered elements of Fig. 2.
3rd, it is powered and checks and debugging.
1st, to the inspection of constant-current source part.
A, it is linked to be adjustable voltage-stabiliser tube analog circuit with a triode, instead of being electrically charged pond as live load.After claim fictitious load.Connect to charge between output end and ground with the voltage of universal meter.
Debugging fictitious load, the voltage gear allowed in universal meter is shown as different magnitudes of voltage, such as 6 volts, 12 volts, 18 volts, 24 volts.
It is linked to be the principle of adjustable voltage-stabiliser tube analog circuit with a triode, when the upper inclined resistance of the pipe is uprised, the voltage of charging end will increase the bias voltage that can just puncture the pipe, the pipe is entered magnifying state, the fictitious load triode（In Fig. 3 161.4）Collector voltage have a scope for change, thus a different voltage-regulator diode can be modeled to, thus 6 volts, 12 volts, 18 volts 24 volts of value can be simulated.
B, the value of the constant current of regulation constant-current charge instrumentation tubes.
The loop of backup pipe is disconnected, the value of constant-current charge instrumentation tubes emitter-base bandgap grading string resistance is adjusted, its constant current value is met the requirements, now also answer viewing lamp luminous tube to answer micro- aobvious light, if do not glimmered, the value of triode emitter-base bandgap grading string resistance should increased.If also not all right, the resistance of the pipe biasing resistance should be reduced.It should be noted that because the PN sections of luminous tube are more at 1 volt, more than 0.7 volt, about 1.2 or so so only with a luminous tube in this measure.
C, the value of the constant current of regulation constant current backup pipe.
The loop of constant-current charge instrumentation tubes is disconnected, switch unit loop is disconnected.The value of constant current backup pipe emitter-base bandgap grading string resistance is adjusted, its constant current value is met the requirements, now also answer viewing lamp luminous tube to answer micro- aobvious light, the value of triode emitter-base bandgap grading string resistance should otherwise increased.If also not all right, the resistance of the pipe biasing resistance should be reduced.Simultaneously it shall yet further be noted that wherein charging instrumentation tubes should be basically identical with the constant current value of backup pipe.
2nd, to the working condition inspection of constant-current charge unit.
Connect fictitious load.
A, charged state inspection.
After energization, earth short terminates triode（In Fig. 2 5.1）Base stage, allow terminate triode current collection it is extremely high-order, be modeled to for charged state.Now constant-current charge instrumentation tubes are tested with the voltmeter of universal meter（In Fig. 2 2.11）Emitter stage output point, now voltage should be high-order.
Inspection at the end of B, charging.
Terminate triode with power supply short circuit（In Fig. 2 5.1）Base stage, allow the current collection extremely low level for terminating triode, test constant-current charge instrumentation tubes with the voltmeter of universal meter（In Fig. 2 2.11）Emitter stage without output, in the off state of cut-off.
3rd, to conversion triode（In Fig. 5 3.1））Detection with debugging.
After A, energization, property-line short circuit terminates triode（In Fig. 5 5.1）Base stage, allow end transistor collector for a high position, be modeled to for charged state.While short-circuit constant-current charge instrumentation tubes（In Fig. 5 2.11）Base stage and emitter stage, the situation that simulation constant-current charge instrumentation tubes are damaged, by ammeter（In Fig. 5 20）It is connected in conversion transistor collector loop, as shown in figure 5, now conversion transistor collector answers no current, if any electric current, then should reduces divider resistance（In Fig. 5 3.2）Resistance.Triode is damaged, and most cases are the situations of PN section open circuits, and minority is the situation of PN section short circuits, and conversion triode, must be without collector current without biasing during open circuit.Category short circuit, because the base stage for changing triode can still turn into the situation without base stage to the inclined shunt resistance in underground, so colelctor electrode still no current.
After B, energization, property-line short circuit terminates the base stage of triode, and it is high-order to allow end transistor collector, is modeled to for charged state.The collector voltage of measures conversion triode, should be 0.2 volt of saturation value, if it is not, then triggering resistance should be reduced（In Fig. 5 3.3）Resistance.
4th, work constant-current charge triode and the automatic switchover inspection of constant current backup pipe.
The position for being electrically charged pond is connected on dummy resistance.Earth short terminates the base stage of triode, and it is a high position to allow end transistor collector, is modeled to for charged state.
A, the ammeter of universal meter is connected in the emitter circuit of constant current backup pipe, ammeter indicator current is zero.
B, the ammeter of universal meter is connected in constant-current charge instrumentation tubes emitter circuit, now table has electric current to indicate.
Above-mentioned situation correctly illustrates that constant current backup pipe working condition is correct, and in off state, and constant-current charge instrumentation tubes are "on" position.Otherwise it is that line is wrong.
C, the base stage of short-circuit constant-current charge instrumentation tubes and emitter stage,（Simulate pipe damage）, the ammeter of universal meter is connected in constant current backup pipe emitter circuit, ammeter indicates have electric current.Its current value should closely be similar to the output valve of charging instrumentation tubes.
5th, to the inspection and test of charging stop element.
A, replaced being electrically charged pond with fictitious load, by fictitious load debugging to unclosed state.
The state status of triode are compared in inspection.
The base voltage that triode is compared in inspection is two PN sections.Its colelctor electrode is 0.2 volt or so with the voltage of emitter stage two., if it is not, collector resistance should be increased（In Fig. 2 6.2）Resistance.
Check that the state for terminating triode terminates triode and should be cut-off state.
B, replaced being electrically charged pond with fictitious load, by fictitious load debugging to unclosed state, such as 13.8 volts hot junctions with oscillograph connect terminates transistor collector, cold end ground connection.
C, debugging terminate the sampling adjustable resistance of triode, and oscillograph current potential is from high to low rapidly, if without this phenomenon, should debug the sampling adjustable resistance for terminating triode（In Fig. 2 5.2）With sampling protective resistance（In Fig. 2 5.3）Numerical value, be allowed to meet the requirements.
D, debugging terminate the sampling adjustable resistance of triode, and oscillograph current potential is by from high to low, and change should be rapid, should otherwise increase Derivative Feedback electric capacity（In Fig. 2 6.5）Capacity.
6th, the inspection of alarm unit is terminated to charging.
After installation is correct is electrically charged pond, pond contact indicator lamp is electrically charged（In Fig. 2 4.2）Answer light.
7th, to the inspection and debugging of part point, sounding body is as shown in Figure 4.
Allow voice sheet（In Fig. 4 8.21）Connect with the mains, now piezoelectric ceramic piece（In Fig. 4 8.22）Meeting sounding sound, exchange helps sound resistance（In Fig. 4 8.26）Resistance, makes piezoelectric ceramic piece reach max volume.
8th, to the detection of trickle current.
Ammeter is connected on trickle resistance（In Fig. 29）On branch road, tiny stream resistance is debugged, tiny stream electric current is meeted the requirements.
Illustrate, when charging pole pipe and backup pipe elect large power triode pipe as, the capacity for being electrically charged pond can be greatly improved.
Claims (3)
1. the constant-current charge equipment with acousto-optic hint, it is characterized in that：By constant-current charge unit, switch unit, charging stop element, comparing unit, clamping unit is charged and terminates alarm unit, and load, trickle resistance is collectively constituted；
Wherein：Constant-current charge unit is made up of constant-current charge operating circuit, constant-current charge fallback circuit, isolating diode；
Constant-current charge operating circuit indicates one to constitute by constant-current charge instrumentation tubes, the base resistance of charging instrumentation tubes, instrumentation tubes constant current adjustable resistance, work constant current protective resistance, tuning；Constant-current charge fallback circuit indicates two to constitute by constant current backup pipe, the base resistance of backup pipe, backup pipe constant current adjustable resistance, backup constant current protective resistance, tuning；
The colelctor electrode of charging instrumentation tubes connects with the colelctor electrode of backup pipe, connects power input；The base resistance of charging instrumentation tubes is connected between the colelctor electrode of charging instrumentation tubes and base stage; the emitter stage of charging instrumentation tubes connects instrumentation tubes constant current adjustable resistance with the series circuit of work constant current protective resistance to the output of constant-current charge operating circuit, tunes and indicates one to be connected between the output of the base stage of charging instrumentation tubes and constant-current charge operating circuit；
The base resistance of backup pipe is connected between the colelctor electrode of backup pipe and base stage; the emitter stage of backup pipe connects backup pipe constant current adjustable resistance with the series circuit of backup constant current protective resistance to the output of constant-current charge fallback circuit, tunes and indicates two to be connected between the output of the base stage of backup pipe and constant-current charge fallback circuit；
The positive pole of isolating diode connects the output of constant-current charge operating circuit, and negative pole connects with the output of constant current backup charging fallback circuit, the output as constant-current charge unit, and the positive pole in pond is electrically charged in the output connection load of constant-current charge unit；
Switch unit is made up of conversion triode, divider resistance, triggering resistance：Triggering resistance is connected between the output of constant-current charge operating circuit and the base stage of conversion triode, and divider resistance is connected between the base stage of conversion triode and ground wire, changes the grounded emitter line of triode, and the colelctor electrode for changing triode connects the base stage of backup pipe；
Load by be electrically charged pond, be electrically charged pond contact indicator lamp, be electrically charged pond contact indicate protective resistance constitute；It is electrically charged pond contact indicator lamp and shows that protective resistance is connected with by cell contact fingers, is connected between the positive pole and ground wire by battery；
Charging stop element is made up of end triode, sampling adjustable resistance, sampling protective resistance, lower inclined resistance, earth resistance：Sampling adjustable resistance series connection sampling protective resistance, is connected between the base stage for being electrically charged the positive pole in pond and terminating triode, and lower inclined resistance is connected between the base stage and ground wire for terminating triode, and ground resistance earth terminates between the emitter stage of triode and ground wire；
Comparing unit is constituted by comparing triode, collector resistance, upper inclined resistance, feedback capacity, discharge resistance, feedback diode, lower inclined voltage-stabiliser tube：Collector resistance is connected between power input and the colelctor electrode for comparing triode, upper inclined resistance is connected between power input and the base stage for comparing triode, inclined voltage-stabiliser tube is connected on and compares between the base stage of triode and ground wire down, one termination of feedback capacity compares the colelctor electrode of triode, the other end is two-way, discharge resistance to ground wire is connect all the way, another road connects feedback diode to the base stage for terminating triode, the transmitting for comparing triode connects with the emitter stage for terminating triode；
Clamping unit is made up of two clamp diodes, and clamp diode one is connected between the colelctor electrode of the base stage of backup pipe and end triode, and clamp diode two is connected between the colelctor electrode of the base stage of charging instrumentation tubes and end triode；
The end alarm unit that charges is made up of current-limiting resistance, sounding body, termination instruction branch road：One termination power input of current-limiting resistance, the other end is two-way, and sounding body to the colelctor electrode for terminating triode is connect all the way, and another road connects termination instruction branch road to the colelctor electrode for terminating triode；
Sounding body by voice sheet, piezoelectric ceramic piece, help sound resistance to constitute；Sound resistance is helped to be connected on the two poles of the earth of piezoelectric ceramic piece, the two poles of the earth of piezoelectric ceramic piece connect the two ends of voice sheet respectively；
Trickle resistance is connected between the output of power input and constant-current charge unit.
2. the constant-current charge equipment with acousto-optic hint according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Feedback capacity is electrodeless electric capacity.
3. the constant-current charge equipment with acousto-optic hint according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Charging instrumentation tubes, backup pipe, triode is changed, terminated triode, compared triode or be same type of triode, or the high pressure that charging instrumentation tubes change triode, terminate triode, compare triode with the resistance to pressure ratio of backup pipe.
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| CN2153897Y (en) * | 1992-07-14 | 1994-01-19 | 王承军 | Automatic constant current charger for ni battery |
| CN2833988Y (en) * | 2005-08-10 | 2006-11-01 | 陈国成 | Battery charger |
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Application publication date: 20170531 |