CN204858698U - Low carbon environmental protection charging circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

Low carbon environmental protection charging circuit belongs to the electronic technology by the display element that charges, the interface unit, and battery charging unit, pulse generation modules, the discharge cell, the adjustable unit of taking a sample finishes the control unit, and load unit constitutes jointly, and behind the turn on power supply, all units are started working, and wherein battery charging unit and discharge cell are greater than exoelectric process to being charged by the rechargable battery. Open when charging at battery charging unit, the discharge cell is closed, and when battery charging unit closed, the discharge cell was opened and is discharged, forms pulse current charge's form, up to the end of charging. Also can adopt excision switch in excision in the discharge cell to nimble selectivity has been increased. By the battery that the is charged full back of charging, battery charging unit closes with the discharge cell, and trickle resistance among this moment battery charging unit is to the sustaining tiny stream electric current that is provided required by the rechargable battery, the utility model discloses implement back each unit science of linking to each other to accomplished the comprehensive utilization, therefore the circuit circuit is retrencied, the reliability high, the production of very suitable micro enterprises.

Description

Low-carbon environment-friendly charging circuit

Technical field

Belong to electronic technology technical field.

Background technology

Along with enriching of the modern life, get more and more by the kind of the electrical equipment of battery, as security personnel's equipment, digital machine machine, mobile phone, etc., also occurred a lot of charger kind, but it is all kinds of to lack a kind of low-carbon environment-friendly charging circuit in these kinds for this reason.Its meaning one is, present product, and charging supervisor wherein, be namely the loop triode stopping turning off charging, easily damage, once damage, this charger just becomes rubbish.It is reported, this fault becomes major failure point, with regard to becoming rubbish because this point damages, is a kind of very large waste, (if go to repair, because relate to repair cost, and the cost that user goes to repair shop to contact, so people usually lose).Its meaning two, due in charging process, the scientific charging that when not charging to battery, row is maximum, therefore affect capacity and the life-span of battery, (only the capacity of pipe battery is less, affect little, but at Low Carbon World, we should stop from small place), also easily prematurely battery is become rubbish, namely waste is formed, again to environment.(pollution of refuse battery to environment is maximum).The maximum scientific reason one not realizing charging is, present product or only adopt direct current mode to charge to battery, and does not adopt a kind of better mode, and the charging modes as the pulse power charges; Though or can charge by Pulse Electric, do not accomplish limit punching electricity time again can limit electric discharge science mode; Or though limit discharge and recharge can be accomplished, but the relation of the allocation proportion adjustment charge and discharge of science can not be accomplished flexibly, or circuit is too complicated etc.

Low-carbon environment-friendly should be picked up from drop, should pick up from trickle, is so just beneficial to the permanent progress and development of society.

Summary of the invention

For overcoming existing charge prepd, there is charge function, but the weakness to environmental protection deficiency, and object one of the present invention is, develops a kind of charging circuit and is not easy to damage.Two is the maximized chargers of charging rechargeable battery being realized to science, thus maximized prolongation charger with by the life-span of rechargable battery and capacity, realize society environmental protection.

The technical measures adopted are:

1, low-carbon environment-friendly charging circuit is by charging display unit, interface unit, charhing unit, impulse generating unit, discharge cell, and sampling adjustable elements, finishing control unit, load unit forms jointly.

Wherein: charging display unit by charge instruction protective resistance and charging process indicator light form: charge indicate protective resistance and charging process indicator light be connected on signal input and in interface unit interface triode collector electrode between.

Interface unit by interface triode, base stage control gate, two clamp diodes form, base stage control gate is two parallel connections, input is connected on the output of the vibration door two of impulse generating unit, the base stage of the output connection interface triode of base stage control gate, the grounded emitter line of interface triode, the negative pole of two clamp diodes is all connected on the collector electrode of interface triode, the positive pole of clamp diode one connects base stage control point, and the positive pole of clamp diode two connects discharge cell base stage control point.

Charhing unit is made up of await your instructions circuit, charging operating circuit, trickle resistance, base circuit of charging.

Charging circuit of awaiting your instructions is made up of charging await your instructions transistor base resistance, charging switching circuit of triode, charging of awaiting your instructions; Charging switching circuit is formed by several Diode series.

Charging operating circuit is made up of with charging work base resistance the work triode that charges.

Base circuit is made up of await your instructions pipe base diode, earth resistance of instrumentation tubes base diode of charging, charging.

Charging work triode and charging are awaited your instructions collector electrode all connection signal inputs of triode; Charging await your instructions transistor base resistance one termination signal input, the other end is two-way, one tunnel connects charging switching circuit and to await your instructions the base stage of triode to charging, and another road connects charging and to await your instructions the positive pole of transistor base diode, and the await your instructions negative pole of transistor base diode of charging connects base stage control point; Charging work transistor base resistance is connected between the base stage of signal input and charging work triode, and the positive pole of charging work transistor base diode connects the base stage of charging work triode, and the negative pole of charging work transistor base diode connects base stage control point; Earth resistance is connected between base stage control point and ground wire; Charging triode of awaiting your instructions is connected together with the emitter of charging work triode, becomes the output of charhing unit.

Impulse generating unit is made up of oscillating circuit, frequency regulating circuit, duty cycle circuit.

Oscillating circuit is made up of the door one that vibrates, vibration door two, oscillating capacitance, oscillating capacitance series resistance, and frequency regulating circuit is made up of frequency limit resistant series frequency-adjustable resistance, and duty cycle circuit is made up of steering diode series connection duty ratio resistance.

The defeated input connecing vibration door two of vibration door one, frequency regulating circuit is in parallel with duty cycle circuit, the output of one termination vibration door one, the other end of another termination oscillating capacitance, the output of one termination vibration door two of oscillating capacitance, the other end of oscillating capacitance also connects the input of oscillating capacitance series resistance to vibration door one.

Discharge cell is awaited your instructions by electric discharge, and circuit, electric discharge operating circuit, electric discharge switch diode, excision switching circuit, biasing resistance, discharge resistance form.

Electric discharge operating circuit is made up of the work triode that discharges, electric discharge work transistor base resistance, and electric discharge circuit of awaiting your instructions is made up of electric discharge triode, electric discharge transistor base resistance of awaiting your instructions of awaiting your instructions, and excision switching circuit is made up of with excision switch two excision diodes.

The await your instructions emitter of triode of electric discharge work triode and electric discharge connects, one termination of discharge resistance is filled the positive pole in pond, the emitter of another termination electric discharge work triode, the await your instructions collector electrode of triode of electric discharge connects the positive pole that electric discharge switches diode, after the negative pole that the collector electrode of electric discharge work triode and electric discharge switch diode is connected, connect biasing resistance to ground wire, electric discharge transistor base resistance of awaiting your instructions connects with the one end of the work transistor base resistance that discharges, become discharge cell base stage control point, await your instructions another termination electric discharge of transistor base resistance of electric discharge is awaited your instructions the base stage of triode, the base stage of another termination electric discharge work triode of electric discharge work transistor base resistance, one termination power of excision switch, the other end is two-way, one tunnel connects excision diode one to the base stage of triode of awaiting your instructions of discharging, another road connects the base stage of excision diode two to electric discharge work triode.

Sampling adjustable elements by sampling inclined adjustable resistance upper inclined protective resistance, sampling in, the lower inclined resistance of sampling forms: in sampling, inclined protective resistance series connection samples and above connects two-way after inclined adjustable resistance; under accessing sample, inclined resistance is to ground wire on one tunnel, and another road connects the input of finishing control door one in finishing control unit.

Finishing control unit is by finishing control door one, finishing control door two, Derivative Feedback electric capacity, feedback diode, discharge resistance, finishing control diode one, finishing control diode two forms: the output of finishing control door one connects the input of finishing control door two, the output of finishing control door two connects one end of Derivative Feedback electric capacity, another termination feedback diode of Derivative Feedback electric capacity is to the input of finishing control door one, discharge electric group between the other end that is connected on Derivative Feedback electric capacity to ground wire, finishing control diode one is connected between the output of finishing control door two and the input of vibration door one, finishing control diode two is connected between the output of finishing control door one and base stage control point.

Load unit by being contacted display lamp with by rechargable battery by rechargable battery, contacted by rechargable battery and show protective resistance and form: be connected on charhing unit by rechargable battery and export between ground wire; by the series connection of battery terminal contact display lamp by rechargable battery contact display protective resistance, be connected on by between anode and ground wire.

2, two triodes in interface triode and charhing unit are high-power NPN triode.

3, the power of discharge resistance is >=1W.

Further illustrate:

1, operation principle explanation.

After opening power supply, all unit are started working, wherein charhing unit and discharge cell, are greater than the process of electric discharge to being undertaken charging by rechargable battery.Until charging terminates.

It should be noted that only pipe charhing unit interior charging operating circuit and charging await your instructions triode to being constituted by rechargable battery or door supply power mode, but by the particularity of design measure, usually the work of charging work power on circuitry is only had, and charging triode of awaiting your instructions is in open-circuit condition, but once charging operating circuit damages, charging triode of awaiting your instructions will drop into energising work automatically.

In like manner, it should be noted that only electric discharge operating circuit and electric discharge await your instructions circuit to be constituted by rechargable battery or door forms discharge mode to by rechargable battery in tube discharge unit, but by the particularity of design measure, usually electric discharge operating circuit energising work is only had, and electric discharge circuit of awaiting your instructions is in open-circuit condition, but once electric discharge operating circuit damages, electric discharge circuit of awaiting your instructions will drop into energising work automatically.

In charging process, because impulse generating unit work, constantly control charhing unit two pipe in opening and off-state, so the whole course of work is the pulse current charge adopted.

Not only in pulse current charge process, the charging physical process of employing is, in charging but also in special form of discharging.Also excision switch can be adopted in excision state, and only adopt the form of pulse current charge, thus add selectivity flexibly.

The charge rule coexisted at charge and discharge is, within a cycle of pulse, when when charhing unit is opened discharge cell close, otherwise when when charhing unit is closed discharge cell open-minded.Due within a cycle of pulse, the time of charging is long, and the time of electric discharge is short, so charging process is in pulse current charge state.Such charging modes is conducive to the scientific maintenance to battery, also has restitution to a certain degree to the battery damaged simultaneously.

When not contacted by rechargable battery, or after being put in place by rechargable battery charging, because charging output exports high-order, finishing control unit amplifies through two-stage door, export high signal, high signal is delivered in the input of oscillating circuit, cause the failure of oscillation that vibrates, the current collection of interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 2) is very high-order, thus no longer clamper base stage control point, the control that base stage control point now exports by the finishing control door one (9.1 in Fig. 2) in finishing control unit, two pipes in charhing unit are made to be in cut-off state, charhing unit no longer includes output, stop charging to by rechargable battery, a high position for interface transistor collector makes two triodes in discharge cell also be in cut-off state, the emitter of discharge cell two pipe is not connected with collector electrode, stop by the electric discharge of rechargable battery.

After full by the battery charging of charging, charhing unit and discharge cell are closed, and now connected trickle resistance (2.1 in Fig. 2) is to the tiny stream electric current being provided required maintenance by rechargable battery.

2, line feature analysis.

(1), adjustable elements and finishing control unit is sampled.

Sampling adjustable elements is by sampling inclined adjustable resistance (8.2 in Fig. 2) in upper inclined protective resistance (8.1 in Fig. 2), sampling, sampling inclined resistance (8.3 in Fig. 2) to form.

Finishing control unit is made up of finishing control door one (9.1 in Fig. 2), finishing control door two (9.2 in Fig. 2), Derivative Feedback electric capacity (9.3 in Fig. 2), feedback diode (9.4 in Fig. 2), discharge resistance (9.5 in Fig. 2), finishing control diode one (9.6 in Fig. 2), finishing control diode two (9.7 in Fig. 2).

The feature of this unit of the present invention is connected with two and adds that Derivative Feedback replaces traditional comparison Enlargement Design.

Reason and the key benefit of the such design of employing are as follows: the equipment being all gate circuit with other formant of the present invention coincide, and be convenient to batch production, in invention, impulse generating unit is constituted the vibration of two forms by gate circuit.So measure of the present invention is mainly based on gate circuit.Two is threshold values that door has upset, once exceed threshold values, door just overturns, and three is after two series connection, has and amplifies shaping operation further, further shorten the switching process of door.Four is after particularly two series connection, is added with the feedback line of differential in the design, thus has good performance.Five is have high-order with low level two kinds of outputs after two series connection, and these two kinds of outputs and charhing unit of the present invention stop needing low level signal, and discharge cell stops needs high signal very identical.

In sampling, inclined adjustable resistance (8.2 in Fig. 2) can adjust sampling voltage neatly, again because connected the upper inclined protective resistance (8.1 in Fig. 2) of sampling, so can not produce excessive deviation in debug process.Due to such circuit, with encouraged two amplifications of connecting, so there is very high sensitivity.

(2), interface unit.

This unit forms by by interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 2), base stage control gate (3.2 in Fig. 2), two clamp diodes.Interface triode mainly contains six functions.

One is that the direct current of charging is become pulse current charge stream.Its reason is under the excitation of impulse generating unit, through the transmission of this pipe, makes the base stage of charhing unit produce the pulse change of height.(when interface transistor collector is high-order, charhing unit is forward bias, is the state of energising, otherwise when interface transistor collector is low level, charhing unit is without biased, is off state) thus make the output of this unit produce the change of height shape.Thus charging current is pulse current.

Two offset passages being to provide discharge cell, produce in the one-period of pulse, have the function of electric discharge.When this pipe is low level, the base current of two triodes of discharge cell enters ground by the collector electrode of interface triode, and thus making the triode in discharge cell open becomes discharge condition.

Three is make charhing unit and discharge cell produce correct logic.Requirement of the present invention is, within a cycle of pulse, when charhing unit be in open charged state time, discharge cell is in shutdown state.Otherwise when charhing unit is in open circuit closed condition, discharge cell should be in and open discharge condition.And interface transistor collector is when being high-order, the triode of charhing unit is in be penetrated with state, charging.And discharge cell two triode is without biased, be in closed condition.Otherwise when interface transistor collector is low level, penetrating of charhing unit is shorted with base flow, for closing shape, and two triode base flows of discharge cell enter ground, so conducting through interface triode.

Four is the control valves becoming discharge cell termination.When after the action of finishing control unit, output high signal, what have passed through impulse generating unit is delivered to interface triode, and the logic of this pipe will produce current collection very high signal, and thus discharge cell is off state.

Five is excitation charging process display luminous tube (2.2 in Fig. 2) flashes of light.When this pipe collector is low level, electric current flows to interface transistor collector from power supply, and charging process display luminous tube is bright.Otherwise do not work.At the end of charging, interface transistor collector is high-order, and charging process display luminous tube is not luminous.

(3), impulse generating unit.

The Main Function of A, impulse generating unit.

The feature of this unit is not only a clapp oscillator, not only can adjust frequency in the line, and can adjust duty ratio.

Impulse generating unit.Have 3 effects in the present invention, one is control charhing unit by interface triode, and is the form that the form of charging becomes pulse current charge.Two is by interface triode controlled discharge unit, and is in charging overall process, realizes charging limit, limit electric discharge complex form.Three is the adjustments realizing duty ratio.Make the overall process of charging, realizing and the recombination process of charge and discharge, remain best ratio state.

The principle of B, pulse generator, composition, and feature.

Impulse generating unit is made up of oscillating circuit, frequency regulating circuit, duty cycle circuit.

Oscillating circuit is made up of the door one (6.1 in Fig. 2) that vibrates, vibration door two (6.2 in Fig. 2), oscillating capacitance (6.3 in Fig. 2), oscillating capacitance series resistance (6.8 in Fig. 2), frequency regulating circuit is made up of frequency limit resistance (6.6.4 in Fig. 2) frequency-adjustable resistance (6.5 in Fig. 2) of connecting, and duty cycle circuit is made up of steering diode (6.6 in Fig. 2) duty ratio resistance (6.7 in Fig. 2) of connecting.

Wherein constitute clapp oscillator by frequency limit resistant series frequency-adjustable resistance and can frequency-adjustable be realized.The principle forming vibration is, when the door two that vibrates exports as time high-order, passes through oscillating capacitance, discharge and recharge branch road, and discharge paths is to the output of vibration door one, is split into the charged state to oscillating capacitance, namely the central point now connected is the tie point of electric capacity and oscillating capacitance series resistance, is a high position.Cause the input of vibration door one for high-order, until the end of vibration front half period.After the isolation effect of electric capacity makes central point voltage lower than the threshold voltage of door (after threshold voltage), the output of vibration door one becomes height from low filling, and the output of the door one that at this moment vibrates exports out electric current and carries out reciprocal discharge process by the parallel circuits of discharge and recharge branch road and discharge paths to oscillating capacitance.Be now the later half cycle of vibration, until the end in later half cycle, after the magnitude of voltage of central point is higher than threshold values, repeat again the process of one-period.Carry out later vibration.

The present invention adopts the reason one of this oscillating circuit to be that vibration is reliable, two elements used are few, three is to set up frequency-adjustable, hold than adjustable with accounting for, four is that gate circuit used is few, and one 4069 has 6 unit, thus can implement finishing control unit of the present invention with other unit, thus utilance is high.

The composition of C, frequency adjustment circuit and principle.

In this unit, frequency-adjustable resistance and frequency limit resistance be composed in series frequency-adjustable circuit, this circuit is also discharge and recharge branch road.

When vibration door two output is high-order, and door one output that vibrates is when being low level, the electric current that vibration door two output exports flows into through oscillating capacitance and frequency adjustment branch road and duty cycle circuit door one output that vibrates, in this charging process, the resistance of duty cycle circuit is far longer than in two resistance values of height meter medium frequency Circuit tuning, but there is steering diode in duty circuit, now be in reverse bias, so now charging current is passed through from frequency regulating circuit completely, so this circuit can carry out coarse adjustment to frequency.Its rule is that the adjustable resistance of this circuit is less, then the charging of oscillating capacitance can more early put in place, and thus then frequency is faster, otherwise slower.Its frequency limit resistance has carried out certain restriction to the minimum value of frequency-adjustable resistance.

The composition of D, duty cycle circuit and principle.

Duty cycle circuit is made up of steering diode series connection duty ratio resistance.

The meaning of duty ratio be pulse in one-period, realize adjusting the allocation proportion of high bit time and low bit time.

Its principle is:

When be high-order when vibration door two output, and when door one output that vibrates is low level, the electric current that vibration door two output exports arrive the output of the door one that vibrates, formation charge circuit again through the input of oscillating capacitance and frequency regulating circuit, vibration door one.After charging terminates, vibration Men Yiwei low level, vibration Men Erwei is high-order, so oscillating capacitance carries out reciprocal discharge process, that frequency adjusts branch road and duty cycle circuit through passage, two resistance values due to frequency regulating circuit are far longer than the resistance of duty cycle circuit, so discharging current mainly passes through from discharge paths.So this is a reason in this circuit realiration duty ratio, another major reason is, the process of electric discharge, after the transmission of a series of, finally implements interface transistor collector for high, so discharge time is shorter, in the one-period of pulse, charging time long, electric discharge time product between short, meet general requirement, so this is that discharge paths resistance is little, be also than the main cause being built up in discharge paths by a sky simultaneously.

Because generating unit has frequency-adjustable and duty ratio, so relative maximum scientific to being realized by the charging of rechargable battery.

(4), charhing unit feature and explanation.

The main idea justice of the constitution and formation of A, charhing unit.

Tool maintenance statistics is exactly the triode performing Push And Release in this charge circuit for the most perishable element in all chargers.So carried out emphasis process to this point in the present invention, this measure has also become an important core of the present invention.

Primarily of charging await your instructions circuit, charging operating circuit, trickle resistance (5.4 in Fig. 2), base circuit composition.

Charging circuit of awaiting your instructions is made up of charging await your instructions transistor base resistance (5.12 in Fig. 2), charging switching circuit (5.5 in Fig. 2) of triode (5.11 in Fig. 2), charging of awaiting your instructions; Charging switching circuit is formed by several Diode series; Charging operating circuit is made up of the work triode that charges (5.21 in Fig. 2) and charging work base resistance (5.22 in Fig. 2); Base circuit is made up of await your instructions pipe base diode (5.31 in Fig. 2), earth resistance (5.33 in Fig. 2) of instrumentation tubes base diode of charging (5.32 in Fig. 2), charging.

Wherein charging switching circuit is formed by several Diode series, although this unit element is few, with charging await your instructions triode cooperation under, play very important effect.

Charhing unit is a most important core in the present invention.Its reason is that the present invention devises such form, charging work triode can be made to be in normal operating switch operating state at the very start all the time from what be energized, charging triode unit of awaiting your instructions then is in " resting state " of open circuit, damage once charging work triode and quit work, charging triode unit of awaiting your instructions will be devoted oneself to work automatically, therefore greatly improves the life-span of charger.

B, produce the analysis of causes of Unit two " ladder work ".

To be awaited your instructions the base stage of triode by charging, two PNs joint more than the base stage of charging work triode under same voltage, its reason is two diodes of having connected, only the base series of pipe charging work triode has base stage current-limiting resistance, but its is adjusted under two PN joints in the debugging made.So the base voltage of charging work triode to be awaited your instructions triode higher than charging.Owing to saving lower than a PN in triode emission ultimate ratio base stage, so the emitter-base bandgap grading of charging work triode should be higher than charging triode of awaiting your instructions, when two pipe emitters are connected, so charging dormancy triode will be sealed up a door, that is to say that await your instructions transistor base and emitter of charging is in reverse bias.Do not have output current.So charging is awaited your instructions, triode is in the resting state that inactivity consumes.Under normal circumstances, charging tasks is only completed by charging work triode.In the present invention, this pipe is " instrumentation tubes ".After charging work triode damages, when no current or amplification quantity deficiency, now charging awaits your instructions triode because losing voltage of sealing up a door, and outside output current, achieves normal automatic switchover immediately.Therefore charger can not be scrapped.Thus the reliability of charger is greatly increased.

2 points should be described in addition, one is because the life-span of triode is in theory very high, but the production process of triode itself, and charger is on the make to the reason of the aspects such as the welding of triode, or improper factor in use, usually make triode such life-span be challenged, do not reach such requirement, and so automatically changing jobs earnestly, exactly the one of high life is not reached to this triode and make up.Two is because two transistor parameters are consistent, is all be in the on off state opened with disconnecting during work, so no matter be charging work triode operation, or charges triode operation of awaiting your instructions, so whole charging can not change.Three is that to manage (charging in the present invention await your instructions triode) be dormancy shape in employing one, the power consumption of this pipe is approximately zero, and triode life-span and its power consumed have very large relation, so not fragile, and more much better than adopting simple parallel relationship to connect functional reliability with two pipes.

Why charging switching circuit produces employing two Diode series main causes two, one is that two diodes are sealed up a door larger space, surplus is larger, two is the sampling parts that can become in batch production, namely be when checking this road no current, this branch road can not be disconnected table is connected in branch road, because operate inconvenience like that.And directly ammeter can be connected in parallel on diode two ends and just can.

(5), discharge cell feature and explanation.

The composition of A, discharge cell and meaning.

This unit by electric discharge await your instructions circuit, electric discharge operating circuit, electric discharge switches diode (7.3 in Fig. 2), excision switching circuit, biasing resistance (7.9 in Fig. 2) form.

Electric discharge operating circuit is made up of the work triode that discharges (7.21 in Fig. 2), electric discharge work transistor base resistance (7.22 in Fig. 2), electric discharge circuit of awaiting your instructions be made up of await your instructions triode (7.11 in Fig. 2), electric discharge transistor base resistance (7.12 in Fig. 2) of awaiting your instructions of electric discharge, excision switching circuit by two excision diodes with excise switch (7.51 in Fig. 2) and form.

The meaning of discharge cell has three, thus also becomes core emphasis of the present invention.

In the overall process of charging, carry out again the function of discharging, namely be in the one-period of pulse, when the vibration door two (6.2 in Fig. 2) in impulse generating unit exports as low level, the collector electrode of interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 2) is also low level, when charhing unit is in the halted state of open circuit, discharge cell conducting herein carries out spark to battery.Otherwise within a cycle of pulse, when charhing unit is in conducting state, discharge cell is herein in open circuit closed condition.Forming such logical relation reason is that interface triode assume responsibility for logic function, plays buffer action again to two parts simultaneously.Make it to be independent of each other mutually.(interface triode unit is described in detail above).By rechargable battery charging overall process in be in the state of filling not only but also putting, when charge and discharge is proper, its benefit be can realize charge maximum scientific.Some electrical property even can be allowed to be in very poor state under, can recovery to a certain degree.

Discharge in B, discharge cell operating circuit and electric discharge is awaited your instructions the meaning of switching of circuit and principle explanation.

Discharge cell is because electric current is still larger when discharging, for avoiding the flimsy situation of work triode of discharging in discharge cell, to await your instructions the form that triode coexists so still have employed electric discharge work triode and electric discharge, when the electric discharge of the work of electric discharge triode operation, because electric discharge awaits your instructions the collector electrode of triode because being in series with switch unit two, create threshold values, so discharging current will be discharged work triode passage " short circuit ", electric discharge triode branch road of awaiting your instructions then is in currentless " resting state ", becomes the standby pipes that a kind of inactivity consumes.When the work triode of charging damage and open circuit time, electric discharge triode of awaiting your instructions is devoted oneself to work automatically, therefore greatly improve discharge cell life-span.

The base stage of discharge system is connected with excision switch over the ground, and after excision switch is closed, discharge cell two triode has had supply voltage, becomes the reverse bias of discharge cell two pipe, so two manage not conducting, does not discharge.Setting up of this switch, adds the flexibility of charging.

Outstanding advantage is had after the invention process:

1, be the life-span substantially increasing charger by the present invention one, decrease the scrappage of charger, two is to being achieved science charging by rechargable battery, enhancing maintenance, extend by the life-span of rechargable battery, decrease scrappage.And these two kinds of products, no matter be chargeable battery, or supporting charger, be all the kind that the modern life is generally applied, so the environmental protection of two kinds of products can be strengthened.Environmental protection is without minor matter, so the present invention has positive effect.

2, important economic worth is also had, for the value of common electronic product, as this series products of charger, do not having under famous and precious first material, so first is Value of Science & Technology, second is manually add expense, 3rd cost being only element, and the element that the present invention increases is limited.After the invention process, obviously can feel after user that one is charger life-time dilatation, two by rechargable battery life, three is that capacity significant change can not occur, therefore society is bound to accept, and admit its scientific value, therefore this excellent product can replace the product of inferior quality.Due in the modern life, this product purpose is very general, so can produce significant economic worth.

3, excellent performance of the present invention, one be affect being caused damage by the life-span of rechargable battery and capacity little, particularly larger to capacity kind, two be the present invention adapt to different capabilities by rechargable battery, both can charge to small-capacity cells, also can charge to products with larger capacity.Three is to by the adjustment of the magnitude of voltage of charging voltage complete charge flexibly, adapts to the kind that voltage is low, also adapts to the high kind of voltage.In addition the present invention is not afraid of in addition and overcharges etc. advantage.

4 to be connected with each unit science, and have accomplished comprehensive utilization, and thus line circuit is simplified, reliability is high.

5, easily produce, easily debug, be well suited for minuscule-type-enterprise and produce.

6, this enterprise has carried out system primary study to this exercise question, and the present invention, after achieving above-mentioned main feature, has following unique distinction: with one piece of integrated circuit, and triode coordinates with it, just energy practical function, work good between PNP pipe and NPN, thus circuit is simplified.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the unit block diagram of measure.

In figure: 1 signal input; 2, charging display unit; 3, interface unit; 5, charhing unit; 5.1, charge circuit of awaiting your instructions; 5.2, charge operating circuit; 5.3, base circuit; 6, impulse generating unit; 7, discharge cell; 7.1, discharge circuit of awaiting your instructions; 7.2, discharge operating circuit; 7.3, electric discharge switches diode; 7.5, switching circuit is excised; 7.9, biasing resistance; 8, adjustable elements is sampled; 9, finishing control unit; 10, load unit.

Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of this measure.

In figure: 1, signal input; 2.1, charging instruction protective resistance; 2.2, charging process indicator light; 3.1, interface triode; 3.2, base stage control gate; 3.5, clamp diode one; 3.6, clamp diode two; 5.11, charge triode of awaiting your instructions; 5.12, charge transistor base resistance of awaiting your instructions; 5.21, charge work triode; 5.22, charge work triode resistance; 5.31, charge transistor base diode of awaiting your instructions; 5.32, charge work transistor base diode; 5.33, earth resistance; 5.4, trickle resistance; 5.5, charging switching circuit; 5.7, base stage control point; 5.9, the output of charhing unit; 6.1, vibrate one; 6.2, vibrate two; 6.3, oscillating capacitance; 6.4, frequency limit resistance; 6.5, frequency-adjustable resistance; 6.6, steering diode; 6.7, duty ratio resistance; 6.8, oscillating capacitance series resistance; 7.11, discharge triode of awaiting your instructions; 7.12, discharge transistor base resistance of awaiting your instructions; 7.21, discharge work triode; 7.22, discharge work transistor base resistance; 7.3, electric discharge switches diode; 7.51, switch is excised; 7.52, diode one is excised; 7.53, diode two is excised; 7.9, biasing resistance; 8.1, inclined protective resistance in sampling; 8.2, inclined adjustable resistance in sampling; 8.3, the lower inclined resistance of sampling; 9.1, finishing control door one; 9.2, finishing control door two; 9.3, Derivative Feedback electric capacity; 9.4, feedback diode; 9.5, discharge resistance; 9.6, finishing control diode one; 9.7, finishing control diode two; 10.1, by rechargable battery; 10.2, by rechargable battery contact display protective resistance; 10.3, display lamp is contacted by rechargable battery.

Dummy load circuit figure when Fig. 3 is detection.

In figure: 1, signal input; 2.1, charging instruction protective resistance; 2.2, charging process indicator light; 3.1, interface triode; 3.2, base stage control gate; 3.5, clamp diode one; 3.6, clamp diode two; 5.11, charge triode of awaiting your instructions; 5.12, charge transistor base resistance of awaiting your instructions; 5.21, charge work triode; 5.22, charge work triode resistance; 5.31, charge transistor base diode of awaiting your instructions; 5.32, charge work transistor base diode; 5.33, earth resistance; 5.4, trickle resistance; 5.5, charging switching circuit; 5.7, base stage control point; 5.9, the output of charhing unit; 6.1, vibrate one; 6.2, vibrate two; 6.3, oscillating capacitance; 6.4, frequency limit resistance; 6.5, frequency-adjustable resistance; 6.6, steering diode; 6.7, duty ratio resistance; 6.8, oscillating capacitance series resistance; 7.8, discharge cell base stage control end; 8.1, inclined protective resistance in sampling; 8.2, inclined adjustable resistance in sampling; 8.3, the lower inclined resistance of sampling; 9.1, finishing control door one; 9.2, finishing control door two; 9.3, Derivative Feedback electric capacity; 9.4, feedback diode; 9.5, discharge resistance; 9.6, finishing control diode one; 9.7, finishing control diode two; 10.2, by rechargable battery contact display protective resistance; 10.3, display lamp is contacted by rechargable battery; 20.1, the adjustable inclined resistance of dummy load; 20.2, the upper inclined protective resistance of dummy load; 20.3, inclined resistance under dummy load; 20.5, the adjustable triode of dummy load; 20.6, dummy load collector resistance.

Embodiment

Fig. 1,2,3 examples have gone out a kind of enforcement product example.

One, element is selected: the door in the base stage control gate of the door in impulse generating unit and interface triode, finishing control unit selects 6 of one piece of CD4069 inside doors to be welded into, two triodes in interface triode and discharge cell adopt high-power NPN triode, 2N5401 selected by two triodes in discharge cell, diode adopts face bonded type diode, discharge resistance adopts powerful style number, and other resistor-capacitor unit is without particular/special requirement.

Two, weld: the schematic diagram welding of map interlinking 2.

Three, energising checks and debugging.

1, finishing control unit and the inspection and the debugging (see figure 3) that sample adjustable elements.

Be linked to be adjustable voltage-stabiliser tube analog circuit with a triode, replace being become dummy load by rechargable battery.Rear title dummy load.Connect between charging output and ground with the voltage gear of universal instrument.

Debugging dummy load, allows the voltage gear in universal instrument be shown as different magnitudes of voltage, as 6 volts, and 12 volts, 18 volts, 24 volts.

Regulate the value of the upper inclined adjustable resistance (8.2 in Fig. 3) of sampling; the output making finishing control door two in finishing control unit respectively 6 volts, 12 volts, 18 volts of 24 volts of values time; time all export a high position, otherwise the value of partially adjustable limit value resistance on sample and the upper inclined protective resistance (8.1 in Fig. 3) of sampling should be exchanged for.

Connect the output of the finishing control door two (9.2 in Fig. 3) of finishing control unit with oscillographic hot junction, when debugging, its output should change rapidly, if not being to strengthen Derivative Feedback electric capacity (9.3 in Fig. 3).

Supplemental instruction, the principle of adjustable voltage-stabiliser tube analog circuit is linked to be with a triode, when the upper inclined resistance of this pipe uprises, the voltage of charging end will increase the bias voltage that just can puncture this pipe, this pipe is made to enter magnifying state, the collector voltage of this dummy load triode has a scope changed, and thus can be modeled to a different voltage stabilizing didoe, thus can simulate the value of 6 volts, 12 volts, 18 volts, 24 volts.

2, paired pulses generating unit frequency the inspection of energising and debugging.

Dummy load in connection.The output of pulse generator is connected, cold junction ground connection with oscillographic hot junction.

After being powered up, the vibration figure that oscilloscope has shows.

If incorrect, then may be that element welding is wrong, may be maybe that capacitor quality is bad, serious drain.

Regulating frequency adjustable resistance resistance, make shown by oscilloscope frequency meet designing requirement, its rule is that resistance is larger, and frequency is slower, otherwise faster.

3, the inspection that shows of docking port triode and charging process.

A, by interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 2) base stage shorted to earth, now this pipe collector should be high-order, and the emitter estimating charhing unit two triode with voltmeter has electricity, otherwise is that line is wrong.Charging process indicator light (2.2 in Fig. 2) now should not work.

B, discharge cell two transistor collector are without electricity, should be in cut-off off state, if incorrect, generally all belong to Miswire.

The input of C, the door one that to be vibrated by earth short, now interface transistor collector should be low level, measures the emitter Ying Wu electricity of charhing unit two triode with voltmeter.And triode should be cut-off.If situation is incorrect, then should measure the base stage of two triodes, if base stage is just low, then may be clamp diode one (3.5 in Fig. 2)) sealing-off, or polarity weldering is anti-.Charging process indicator light (2.2 in Fig. 2) light now.Now, the collector resistance of discharge cell has voltage, and discharge cell triode ON is described, electric discharge.If situation is not inconsistent, be then the clamp diode two (in Fig. 2 3.6) of interface triode to discharge cell, polarity weldering is anti-, or sealing-off.

4, paired pulses generating unit frequency the inspection of energising and debugging.

Dummy load in connection.With the collector electrode of oscillographic hot junction connecting interface triode, cold junction ground connection.

After being powered up, oscilloscope has the display of vibration figure, and wherein an important feature of waveform is that the high bit time within one-period is long, and the time of low level is short, if the direction that situation on the contrary, is steering diode (6.6 in Fig. 2) is welded anti-.

Regulate duty ratio resistance (6.7 in Fig. 2) resistance, make the duty ratio shown by oscilloscope meet designing requirement, its rule is that resistance is larger, and the high bit time within one-period is longer.Otherwise resistance is less, the high bit time within one-period is shorter.

5, to inspection and the debugging of charhing unit two triode.

(1), logical check.

Test the output of charhing unit respectively, with the collector electrode of two triodes in discharge cell, method of testing: when testing charhing unit, connect the output of charhing unit with the red test pencil of the voltmeter in universal instrument, black meter pen ground connection.When electric discharge unit, connect collector electrode place of two triodes in discharge cell with the red test pencil of the voltmeter in universal instrument, black meter pen earth connection.

A, make the current collection of interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 2) very high-order, (being namely allow power line connect impulse generating unit vibration door one input) now charhing unit should have electricity to export, and voltmeter has instruction.Discharge cell no-voltage, voltmeter is without instruction.

B, allow the current collection very low level of interface triode, (being namely allow ground wire connect impulse generating unit vibration door one input) now charhing unit should without electric output voltage.Discharge cell should have voltage.

Above-mentioned 2 correct, charhing unit and discharge cell logical relation are described correctly, lower step inspection can be entered.

(2) work triode and the charging triode of awaiting your instructions that, charges automatically switches and checks.

Be connected on by the position of rechargable battery with dummy resistance.Being connected to the input of impulse generating unit vibration door one (6.1 in Fig. 2) with power line, is namely make the current collection of interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 2) very high-order.Allow charhing unit two pipe be in and open shape.

A, being serially connected in charging switching circuit (5.5 in Fig. 2) with ammeter, now answer no current to indicate.Its meaning is triode (5.11 in Fig. 2) the no-output electric current of awaiting your instructions that charges.Be in idle state.

B, open circuit charging work transistor base, or short circuit charging work transistor base and emitter, the situation that analog charge work triode damages, now the ammeter of above-mentioned connection should have instruction.Represent that automatic switching function is normal.

6, to inspection and the debugging of two triodes in discharge cell.

(1), logical check.

Respectively electric discharge work triode (7.21 in Fig. 2) and electric discharge are awaited your instructions the collector electrode of triode (7.11 in Fig. 2).Method of testing: connect collector electrode with the red test pencil of the voltmeter in universal instrument, black meter pen ground connection.

A, make the current collection of interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 2) very high-order, now detect electric discharge work triode and electric discharge and to await your instructions the collector electrode Ying Wu electricity of triode.

B, allow the current collection very low level of interface triode (3.1 in Fig. 2), the collector electrode now detecting electric discharge work triode should have electricity to export.

Above-mentioned 2 correct, discharge cell two triode and charging are described, and partly logic state is all correct.

(2) work triode and the electric discharge triode of awaiting your instructions that, discharges automatically switches and checks.

Property-line connects impulse generating unit vibration door one (6.1 in Fig. 2) input, and analog interface transistor collector is the situation of low level.Namely be simulation discharge cell be situation about opening.

A, be connected in electric discharge work transistor collector branch road by the ammeter of universal instrument, ammeter instruction has electric current to pass through.

B, the ammeter of universal instrument is connected on electric discharge and awaits your instructions transistor collector branch road, or be connected on the red pen of current gear the positive pole that electric discharge switches diode (7.3 in Fig. 2), black meter pen is connected on the negative pole that electric discharge switches diode, and above-mentioned two situations should be electric current and be approximately zero.

Above-mentioned situation correctly illustrates when electric discharge work triode is for opening, and electric discharge triode of awaiting your instructions is then the resting state of open circuit.If incorrect, illustrate that line is wrong, particularly may discharging, it is anti-to switch diode polarity weldering.

The base stage of C, short circuit dischange work triode and emitter, or this pipe base loop of open circuit (simulating this pipe to damage), now universal instrument is connected on electric discharge to await your instructions transistor collector branch road, or be connected in parallel on ammeter positive pole and the negative pole that electric discharge switches diode, now ammeter should have electric current to indicate.Its result represents when electric discharge work triode damages, and electric discharge triode of awaiting your instructions can be devoted oneself to work automatically.

If indicate incorrect, be then continuous mistake, or triode damage of awaiting your instructions of discharging.

(3), inspection excision switch.

When excising switch (7.51 in Fig. 2) open circuit, belonging to and filling while two functions of discharging.When closed excision switch, now there is reverse bias in discharge cell two triode, so there is not discharging function.In discharge cell, the collector electrode of two triodes should indicate without electricity.

7, the battery terminal contact display in load unit is checked.

After being contacted by rechargable battery, it is bright that correspondence is contacted display lamp (10.3 in Fig. 2) by rechargable battery, otherwise do not work.

8, to the detection of tiny stream electric current.

Voltmeter is swept in trickle resistance two ends measuring voltage, by trickle resistance, calculate tiny stream size of current, tiny stream electric current is meeted the requirements.Its rule is that more small area analysis is larger for resistance.Otherwise resistance more big current is less.

Claims (3)

1. low-carbon environment-friendly charging circuit, is characterized in that: by charging display unit, interface unit, charhing unit, impulse generating unit, discharge cell, sampling adjustable elements, finishing control unit, and load unit forms jointly;

Wherein: charging display unit by charge instruction protective resistance and charging process indicator light form: charge indicate protective resistance and charging process indicator light be connected on signal input and in interface unit interface triode collector electrode between;

Interface unit by interface triode, base stage control gate, two clamp diodes form, base stage control gate is two parallel connections, input is connected on the output of the vibration door two of impulse generating unit, the base stage of the output connection interface triode of base stage control gate, the grounded emitter line of interface triode, the negative pole of two clamp diodes is all connected on the collector electrode of interface triode, the positive pole of clamp diode one connects base stage control point, and the positive pole of clamp diode two connects discharge cell base stage control point;

Charhing unit is made up of await your instructions circuit, charging operating circuit, trickle resistance, base circuit of charging;

Charging circuit of awaiting your instructions is made up of charging await your instructions transistor base resistance, charging switching circuit of triode, charging of awaiting your instructions; Charging switching circuit is formed by several Diode series;

Charging operating circuit is made up of with charging work base resistance the work triode that charges;

Base circuit is made up of await your instructions pipe base diode, earth resistance of instrumentation tubes base diode of charging, charging;

Charging work triode and charging are awaited your instructions collector electrode all connection signal inputs of triode; Charging await your instructions transistor base resistance one termination signal input, the other end is two-way, one tunnel connects charging switching circuit and to await your instructions the base stage of triode to charging, and another road connects charging and to await your instructions the positive pole of transistor base diode, and the await your instructions negative pole of transistor base diode of charging connects base stage control point; Charging work transistor base resistance is connected between the base stage of signal input and charging work triode, and the positive pole of charging work transistor base diode connects the base stage of charging work triode, and the negative pole of charging work transistor base diode connects base stage control point; Earth resistance is connected between base stage control point and ground wire; Charging triode of awaiting your instructions is connected together with the emitter of charging work triode, becomes the output of charhing unit;

Impulse generating unit is made up of oscillating circuit, frequency regulating circuit, duty cycle circuit;

Oscillating circuit is made up of the door one that vibrates, vibration door two, oscillating capacitance, oscillating capacitance series resistance, and frequency regulating circuit is made up of frequency limit resistant series frequency-adjustable resistance, and duty cycle circuit is made up of steering diode series connection duty ratio resistance;

The defeated input connecing vibration door two of vibration door one, frequency regulating circuit is in parallel with duty cycle circuit, the output of one termination vibration door one, the other end of another termination oscillating capacitance, the output of one termination vibration door two of oscillating capacitance, the other end of oscillating capacitance also connects the input of oscillating capacitance series resistance to vibration door one;

Discharge cell is awaited your instructions by electric discharge, and circuit, electric discharge operating circuit, electric discharge switch diode, excision switching circuit, biasing resistance, discharge resistance form;

Electric discharge operating circuit is made up of the work triode that discharges, electric discharge work transistor base resistance, and electric discharge circuit of awaiting your instructions is made up of electric discharge triode, electric discharge transistor base resistance of awaiting your instructions of awaiting your instructions, and excision switching circuit is made up of with excision switch two excision diodes;

The await your instructions emitter of triode of electric discharge work triode and electric discharge connects, one termination of discharge resistance is filled the positive pole in pond, the emitter of another termination electric discharge work triode, the await your instructions collector electrode of triode of electric discharge connects the positive pole that electric discharge switches diode, after the negative pole that the collector electrode of electric discharge work triode and electric discharge switch diode is connected, connect biasing resistance to ground wire, electric discharge transistor base resistance of awaiting your instructions connects with the one end of the work transistor base resistance that discharges, become discharge cell base stage control point, await your instructions another termination electric discharge of transistor base resistance of electric discharge is awaited your instructions the base stage of triode, the base stage of another termination electric discharge work triode of electric discharge work transistor base resistance, one termination power of excision switch, the other end is two-way, one tunnel connects excision diode one to the base stage of triode of awaiting your instructions of discharging, another road connects the base stage of excision diode two to electric discharge work triode,

Sampling adjustable elements by sampling inclined adjustable resistance upper inclined protective resistance, sampling in, the lower inclined resistance of sampling forms: in sampling, inclined protective resistance series connection samples and above connects two-way after inclined adjustable resistance, under accessing sample, inclined resistance is to ground wire on one tunnel, and another road connects the input of finishing control door one in finishing control unit;

Finishing control unit is by finishing control door one, finishing control door two, Derivative Feedback electric capacity, feedback diode, discharge resistance, finishing control diode one, finishing control diode two forms: the output of finishing control door one connects the input of finishing control door two, the output of finishing control door two connects one end of Derivative Feedback electric capacity, another termination feedback diode of Derivative Feedback electric capacity is to the input of finishing control door one, discharge electric group between the other end that is connected on Derivative Feedback electric capacity to ground wire, finishing control diode one is connected between the output of finishing control door two and the input of vibration door one, finishing control diode two is connected between the output of finishing control door one and base stage control point,

Load unit by being contacted display lamp with by rechargable battery by rechargable battery, contacted by rechargable battery and show protective resistance and form: be connected on charhing unit by rechargable battery and export between ground wire; by the series connection of battery terminal contact display lamp by rechargable battery contact display protective resistance, be connected on by between anode and ground wire.

2. low-carbon environment-friendly charging circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: two triodes in interface triode and charhing unit are high-power NPN triode.

3. low-carbon environment-friendly charging circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the power of discharge resistance is >=1W.