CN108092332A - Reliable constant-current pulse formula floating charge device - Google Patents

Abstract

Reliable constant-current pulse formula floating charge device,Belong to electronic technology field,By constant current N-type charhing unit,Switch unit,Double N pipes oscillating units,Terminate common mode amplifying unit,It charges and terminates alarm unit,Trickle resistance,Load unit forms,After powered up,Triode in constant current N-type charhing unit has been connected in the form of constant current,Therefore it is that continuous current charges to pond is electrically charged,Constant current N-type charhing unit is controlled again by double N pipes oscillating units,So it is the charged form of pulse again,When be electrically charged pond it is fully charged after,Terminate common mode amplifying unit to start,Double N pipes oscillating unit failure of oscillations,Constant current N-type charhing unit, which is closed, simultaneously stops charging,The end alarm unit that charges sends acousto-optic hint,Trickle resistance provides maintenance trickle to pond is electrically charged at this time,Constant current N-type charhing unit cooperates with switch unit,The only pipe work in usually constant current N-type charhing unit,Another pipe dormancy,After a pipe damages,Another pipe is substituted immediately,Enhance the service life of charger.

Description

Reliable constant-current pulse formula floating charge device

Technical field

Belong to electronic technology field.

Background technology

With enriching for the modern life, the species with the electric appliance of battery is more and more, equipment of such as ensuring public security, digital machine machine, hand Also there are many charger species therefore in machine, etc., but it is each to lack a kind of low-carbon environment-friendly charging circuit in these species Class.Its meaning one is present product, the supervisor therein that charges is off the circuit triode that shut-off is charged, easily damages It is bad, once damage, this charger are become for rubbish.It is reported that this failure becomes major failure point, just as this Point damages and becomes rubbish, is a kind of very big waste,（If going to repair, because being related to repair cost and user goes to repair shop The cost of contact, so people often lose）.Its meaning two, due in charging process, when not charging to battery, row is most Big scientific charging, therefore capacity and the service life of battery are influenced,（The capacity of only pipe battery is smaller, influence it is small, but in low-carbon The world, we should prevent from small place）, battery is prematurely easily also become into rubbish, that is, forms waste, and to environment It pollutes.（Refuse battery has pollution to environment）.Being not carried out the reason for maximum to charge is scientific one is, present product or It is to charge only with direct current mode to battery, without using a kind of preferable mode, as continuous current charges；Though or energy With constant current source charging, but it is also there is some conveniences or scientific, etc. not enough on the line on using, Therefore it should enrich and develop.

Low-carbon environment-friendly should be picked up from drop, should be picked up from subtle, so just be beneficial to the permanent progress and development of society.

The content of the invention

For existing charge prepd is overcome to have charge function, but to the insufficient weakness of environmental protection, this measure implements one kind Reliable constant-current pulse formula floating charge device, purpose one be have developed a kind of work, the automatic switchover of backup charging circuit without The constant current charger being easily damaged.Second is that the constant current charger can realize that the charging of science is maximumlly filled to rechargeable battery Electricity, so as to maximumlly extend charger and the service life and the capacity that are electrically charged pond.Third, constant current charger is adopted inside it again With cotype amplifying circuit, there is outstanding resisting temperature unstable characteristic.No matter use in the north or used in south, Its performance is more stablized.

Used technical measures are：

1st, reliable constant-current pulse formula floating charge device is by constant current N-type charhing unit, switch unit, double N pipes oscillating units, end common mode Amplifying unit charges and terminates alarm unit, trickle resistance, load unit composition.

Wherein：Relation between each unit is：

Constant current N-type charhing unit, which is connected in rectification output and load unit, to be electrically charged between the anode in pond, and switch unit is connected on perseverance Flow between the constant-current charging circuit of N-type charhing unit and constant current fallback circuit, terminate common mode amplifying unit by end circuit with than It is formed compared with circuit, terminates the sampling adjustable resistance series connection sampling protective resistance of circuit, one end is to terminate common mode amplifying unit Input connects the anode for being electrically charged pond, terminates the double N pipe oscillating units of output control of common mode amplifying unit, double N pipes oscillating unit controls Constant-current charge unit is made, trickle resistance is connected on rectification output and is electrically charged between the anode of pond.

Element relation in each unit is：

Constant current N-type charhing unit is made of constant-current charging circuit, constant current fallback circuit.

Constant-current charging circuit is referred to by charging work pipe, work constant current adjustable resistance, work constant current limiting resistance, work tuning Show, the triggering resistance that works, work isolating diode composition；Constant current fallback circuit by charge backup pipe, backup constant current adjustable resistance, Backup constant current limiting resistance, backup tuning instruction, backup triggering resistance composition.

The collector of charging work pipe connects rectification output, the collector of charging work pipe and the indirect work triggering electricity of base stage Resistance, the emitter of charging work pipe connect work constant current limiting resistance and one end of the series arm for the constant current adjustable resistance that works, work It is three tunnels to make constant current limiting resistance and the other end of the series arm for the constant current adjustable resistance that works, and connects in switch unit switch all the way One end of resistance is triggered, the second tunnel connects one end of work isolating diode, and the 3rd tunnel connects the cathode of work tuning instruction, and work is adjusted The anode of humorous instruction connects the emitter of charging work pipe.

The collector of charging backup pipe connects rectification output, and the collector for the backup pipe that charges backs up triggering electricity with the indirect of base stage Resistance, the emitter for the backup pipe that charges connect after the series arm of backup constant current limiting resistance and backup constant current adjustable resistance with work every The other end from diode is connected, and is the output of constant current N-type charhing unit, and backup tuning instruction is connected on the base for the backup pipe that charges Between the output of pole and constant current N-type charhing unit, the output of constant current N-type charhing unit connects the anode for being electrically charged pond.

Switch unit is made of switching triode, handover trigger resistance, divider resistance：The base stage of switching triode connects switching The other end of resistance is triggered, switches the emitter ground line of triode, divider resistance is connected on the base stage and ground wire of switching triode Between, the collector for switching triode connects the base stage for the backup pipe that charges.

Double N pipes oscillating units are by two charging clamp diodes, two oscillating tubes, two commissure capacitances, two oscillation power resistance, two Vibrate base resistance, two luminous discharge tubes composition：The emitter ground line of two oscillating tubes, the collector of two oscillating tubes and rectification are defeated An oscillation power resistance is respectively connect between going out, a vibration base resistance is respectively connect between the base stage of two oscillating tubes and rectification output, The collector of oscillating tube one and the indirect commissure capacitance one of the base stage of oscillating tube two, vibrate two collector and the base of oscillating tube one The indirect commissure capacitance two of pole, respectively connects a luminous discharge tube, the current collection of oscillating tube one between the base stage and ground wire of two oscillating tubes A charging clamp diode is respectively connect between the base stage of pole and charging work pipe, the base stage for the backup pipe that charges.

Load unit by be electrically charged pond, be electrically charged pond contact indicator light, be electrically charged pond contact instruction protective resistance form；Quilt Rechargable battery contact indicator light shows that protective resistance is connected with by cell contact fingers, is connected between anode and ground wire by battery.

Terminate circuit and collectively constitute end common mode amplifying unit with comparison circuit.

Terminate circuit by end triode, sampling adjustable resistance, sampling protective resistance, lower inclined resistance, ground resistance, end Diode forms：Adjustable resistance series connection sampling protective resistance is sampled, one end is the input for terminating circuit, that is to say end common mode The input of amplifying unit, is connected on the anode for being electrically charged pond, and the other end connects with terminating the base stage of triode；Lower inclined resistance is connected on knot Between the base stage and ground wire of beam triode, ground resistance earth terminates between the emitter of triode and ground wire, terminates diode It is connected between the base stage of two pipes of vibration and the collector of end triode, the collector for terminating triode is to terminate common mode amplification The output of unit.

Comparison circuit is by comparing triode, collector resistance, upper inclined resistance, feedback capacity, discharge resistance, two poles of feedback Pipe, lower inclined regulator tube group into：Collector resistance is connected on rectification output compared between the collector of triode, and upper inclined resistance is connected on Compared between the base stage of triode, lower inclined voltage-stabiliser tube, which is connected on, to be compared between the base stage of triode and ground wire for rectification output, feedback One termination of capacitance compares the collector of triode, and the other end is two-way, connects discharge resistance all the way to ground wire, another way connection is anti- Diode is presented to the base stage for terminating triode, the transmitting for comparing triode connects with terminating the emitter of triode.

The end alarm unit that charges is made of current-limiting resistance, sounding body, termination instruction branch：One termination of current-limiting resistance is whole Stream output, the other end is two-way, connects sounding body all the way to the collector for terminating triode, another way connects termination instruction branch to knot The collector of beam triode.

Sounding body by voice sheet, piezoelectric ceramic piece, sound resistance is helped to form；Sound resistance is helped to be connected on the two poles of the earth of piezoelectric ceramic piece On, the two poles of the earth of piezoelectric ceramic piece connect the both ends of voice sheet respectively.

Trickle resistance is connected between rectification output and the output of constant current N-type charhing unit.

2nd, two tuning instructions use light emitting diode.

3rd, charging work pipe is managed with backup of charging as the 3DD15 in NPN triode；Terminate triode, compare triode two Oscillating tube, switching triode are using 8050 in NPN triode.

4th, diode uses face contact-type.

It further illustrates：

1st, operation principle explanation.

When missed electric source, it is electrically charged pond and is not in contact with being electrically charged pond contact indicator light（4.2 in Fig. 2）It does not work, when It is electrically charged after pond contacts, it is bright to be electrically charged pond contact indicator light.

Double N pipes oscillating units control constant current N-type charhing unit in opening and closing, and are formed and charge and stop the pulse form filled Formula, when energized, double N pipes oscillating unit starting of oscillations, two triodes form height and vibrate, when the current collection for vibrating a pipe is extremely high-order When, triode in constant-current charge unit is from its clamper, and the triode in constant-current charge unit is triggered, constant-current charge unit It opens and charges to being electrically charged pond, and when vibrating the current collection extremely low level of a pipe, the triode in constant-current charge unit is clamped, Constant-current charge unit is closed, and stops charging.

This measure uses constant-current charge, at the end of charging, using the end mode of cell voltage in place is electrically charged, to a major class It is very good to be electrically charged pond.

Formed constant-current source the reason is that, charging work pipe has connected into the form of constant-current source.So entire charging process It is constant-current charge.

Since the triode of constant current N-type charhing unit is controlled by double N pipes oscillating units, thus entire charged form is again The charged form of pulse.

It should be noted that there are charging work pipe and the backup pipe that charges in constant current N-type charhing unit, to quilt in the form of OR gate Rechargable battery charges, but due to the utilization of switch unit, thus usually charging work pipe effect, backup pipe dormancy one of charging are charged After instrumentation tubes damage, the backup pipe that charges automatically engages work immediately, ensure that the reliability of charger.

It is applied to terminate triode after the side pressure rise for being electrically charged pond, sampled electric resistance partial pressure（5.1 in Fig. 2）Base Triode is compared in pole when voltage exceeds（6.1 in Fig. 2）Base voltage after, terminate triode collector output low level, from And causing the base stage of two pipe of constant current N-type charhing unit for low level, no biasing stops charging.At the same time, charging termination instruction list Member will form passage of the power supply to ground, termination instruction lamp（8.3 in Fig. 2）Generate bright, sounding body（8.2 in Fig. 2）It will hair Go out slight sound.

After the battery being electrically charged charges completely, only two shut-offs of the pipe in cut-off of pipe constant current N-type charhing unit, but because It is connected with trickle resistance（10 in Fig. 2）It thus can be to the tiny stream electric current for being electrically charged the maintenance needed for the offer of pond.

2nd, line feature is analyzed.

（1）, constant-current charge principle.

Charging work pipe is to make the energization charged to control with open circuit with the backup pipe that charges in measure, is emitter follower control, but It is and has been linked to be the form of constant-current source.

Formed constant-current source principle be, charging work pipe with charge backup pipe emitter be connected to constant current adjustable resistance and The series arm of constant current limiting resistance, while base stage is connected to tuning instruction, plays metering function, when load current is excessive, and it is super When having crossed the threshold value of tuning instruction, base current will shunt, and be no longer pass through triode amplification, hereby it is ensured that emitter current is Certain value, thus as a kind of constant-current source.

The constant current adjustable resistance that emitter is connect is connected with constant current limiting resistance, constant current adjustable resistance can to constant current into Row adjustment, constant current limiting resistance is that the minimum value of adjustable resistance is limited, so as to ensure that constant current value has about at one The space of beam.

Benefit with such circuit is that circuit is simplified, reliably, beneficial to engineering, while beneficial to cost-effective.This external application is humorous It is to have light instruction that instruction, which is adjusted, as a major reason of the current limiting device of constant current, when the constant current adjustable electric that emitter is connected When resistance debugging is correct, harmony instruction glimmers or compared with light, represents that debugging is correct.Because constriction works at this time.It generates permanent Flow effect.Since the PN section voltages of harmony instruction are 1.2 volts or so, higher than 0.7 volt, so constant-current charge instrumentation tubes and constant current are standby Part pipe has used one respectively.

The output of constant-current charge operating circuit is connected to a work isolation resistance（2.3 in Fig. 2）, its effect is, When charging work pipe（2.11 in Fig. 2）Damage, charge backup pipe（2.21 in Fig. 2）During work, switch triode（In Fig. 2 9.1）It will not start.

(2), the explanation of double N pipes oscillating units.

The two charging clamp diode of unit（3.81,3.82 in Fig. 2）, two oscillating tubes（3.11,3.12 in Fig. 2）、 Two commissure capacitances（3.21,3.22 in Fig. 2）, two oscillation power resistance（3.51,3.52 in Fig. 2）, two vibration base resistances （3.41,3.42 in Fig. 2）, two luminous discharge tubes（3.3.31 in Fig. 2,3.32）Composition.The height conversion control formed The charging work pipe of constant current N-type charhing unit forms the charging modes of pulse in opening and end.

Forming the principle of vibration is：When a certain vibration pipe collector for it is high-order when, by commissure capacitance to other side's oscillating tube Base stage charges, and other side's oscillating tube base stage is made to obtain bigger base flow, thus accelerates to change to saturation trend, while saturation Long-term change trend Oscillating tube collector voltage reduce, by commissure capacitance to other side's oscillating tube transfer saturation feed back low level signal, strongly Positive feedback promote originally to cut-off direction transformation oscillating tube tend to end again, the oscillating tube for ending variation in turn passes through Commissure capacitance makes the oscillating tube more saturation that saturation changes, and strong positive feedback completes the preceding half period of vibration for the first time, works as friendship After even capacitance charges, the oscillating tube of former saturation variation will change to exit axis, thus the commissure capacitance of two pipes passes again Saturation and pick-off signal are passed, forms the identical feedback change procedure of first half cycle, simply the state change of two pipes and preceding half cycle Phase is different, and the oscillating tube of the saturation variation of first half cycle switchs to end, and the oscillating tube for ending variation becomes saturation, such principle production Raw second of cycle, third time cycle --- --- etc..

With this oscillating circuit, it is easy to start, of less demanding to triode, thus is hardly damaged, and is easy to whole circuit Cooperation, reliability are high.

It is vibrated is with the process of constant current N-type charhing unit formation pulse charge：When the current collection of oscillating tube one is extremely high-order During output, constant-current charge unit is from clamper and this opens form, charges to being electrically charged pond.When the collector of oscillating tube one When being exported for low level, constant-current charge unit is filled clamper, becomes cut-off, stops charging.The pulse filled but also stopped not only is consequently formed to fill Electric form.

（3）, terminate common mode amplifying unit.

Terminate circuit and collectively constituted end common mode amplifying unit with comparison circuit, so there is outstanding resisting temperature shakiness Determine characteristic.No matter use in the north or used in south, performance is basicly stable.

Terminate circuit by end triode（5.1 in Fig. 2）, sampling adjustable resistance（5.2 in Fig. 2）, sampling protection electricity Resistance（5.3 in Fig. 2）, lower inclined resistance（5.5 in Fig. 2）, ground resistance（5.6 in Fig. 2）, terminate diode（In Fig. 2 5.8）Composition.

Comparison circuit is by comparing triode（6.1 in Fig. 2）, collector resistance（6.2 in Fig. 2）, upper inclined resistance（Fig. 2 In 6.3）, feedback capacity（6.5 in Fig. 2）, discharge resistance（6.6 in Fig. 2）, feedback diode（6.7 in Fig. 2）, under Inclined voltage-stabiliser tube（6.8 in Fig. 2）Composition.

Its operation principle is to compare triode（6.1 in Fig. 2）With terminating triode（5.1 in Fig. 2）Two pipes constitute Cotype amplifying circuit.Wherein upper inclined resistance（6.3 in Fig. 2）With lower inclined voltage-stabiliser tube（6.8 in Fig. 2）Triode is compared in formation Comparison branch, a normal voltage is formd to the base stage for comparing triode, this voltage is threshold voltage, and sample can Adjust resistance（5.2 in Fig. 2）, sampling protective resistance（5.3 in Fig. 2）, lower inclined resistance（5.5 in Fig. 2）Form sampling branch Road, when end triode（5.1 in Fig. 2）Sampling slip drawn be added in terminate transistor base voltage be more than threshold value After voltage, the bias supply for comparing triode is reduced, and terminates the increase of triode bias current, the presence of feedback circuit in addition, So the rapid variation of two pipes, the collector for terminating triode is lower rapidly by height, and the collector for comparing pipe is become higher rapidly by low. When the collector for terminating triode is lower rapidly by height, clamper oscillating tube two（3.12 in Fig. 2）Base stage, according to above-mentioned Vibration principle, it is known that when the current collection extremely high-order output of oscillating tube two, the current collection extremely low level of oscillating tube one is defeated Go out, thus clamper charging work pipe（2.11 in Fig. 2）, stop charging.

It is partially the regulator circuit of diode composition due to comparing the lower of pipe in measure, so comparison voltage very standard.

In addition terminate triode and also have two big functions.

First, as excitation-off indicator light lighting function, second is that the incentive functions made a sound as sounding body.

（4）, sounding body.

This Measure Design has auditory tone cues, but the circuit is when filling baby battery, charger can not possibly fill loudspeaker etc Large volume of sounding body can only use the piezoelectric ceramic piece of sheet, in order to promote volume, so at the two poles of the earth of piezoelectric ceramic piece Increasing has welded one and has helped sound resistance, becomes an access of audio, can achieve the purpose that promote volume.In place, effect can be apparent for debugging Increase.

（5）, switch unit and the characteristics of charging work pipe in constant-current charge unit, backup pipe unit and explanation.

A, the composition of constant-current charge unit and the main idea of formation justice.

Have maintenance statistics, be exactly to perform Push And Release in this charge circuit for most fragile elements in all chargers Triode.So having carried out emphasis processing to the point in the present invention, which also becomes the important core of the present invention The heart.

Constant-current charge unit is mainly made of constant-current charge operating circuit, constant-current charge fallback circuit, isolating diode.

Constant-current charge operating circuit is by charging work pipe（2.11 in Fig. 2）, charge triggering resistance（2.12 in Fig. 2）、 Work constant current adjustable resistance（2.15 in Fig. 2）, work constant current limiting resistance（2.13 in Fig. 2）, work tuning instruction（Fig. 2 In 2.16）Composition；Constant-current charge fallback circuit is by the backup pipe that charges（2.21 in Fig. 2）, charge backup resistance（In Fig. 2 2.22）, backup constant current adjustable resistance（2.25 in Fig. 2）, backup constant current limiting resistance（2.23 in Fig. 2）, backup tuning refer to Show（2.26 in Fig. 2）Composition.

Switch unit is by switching triode（9.1 in Fig. 2）, divider resistance（9.2 in Fig. 2）, handover trigger resistance（Figure 9.3 in 2）Composition.

A most important core during why of the invention they are.After its reason present invention devises such circuit, from logical The pipe of charging work at the beginning of electricity is just always in the working condition opened, and the backup Guan Ze that charges is in " the dormancy shape of open circuit State ", when charging work pipe is damaged and is stopped, the backup pipe that charges will automatically engage work, therefore greatly improve and fill The service life of electric appliance.

A, the reason for generating Unit two " work works with backup formula " is analyzed.

Charging work pipe and the backup Guan Junwu emitter following outlet lines that charge, two routes of pipe line are symmetrical, if not switching three poles Pipe, and when the current collection of oscillating tube one is extremely high-order, then two Guan Jun provide electric current with parallel way to load, this is not design institute It is desired.Purpose of design is after employing switching triode, is always pipe work（Abbreviation charging work pipe afterwards）, and a pipe " dormancy ",（Referred to as charge backup pipe afterwards）, when charging work pipe bad after, the backup pipe that charges instead of works automatic switchover.

Realizing this principle is, for charging work pipe in conducting, emitter-base bandgap grading has output, which can encourage switching triode Base stage, thus make the pipe collector for position, the base stage for the backup pipe that charges so as to clamper, and make charging backup pipe without biasing nothing Output current.Also the idle state of open circuit therefore is in, so not generating electrical wear, will not damaged, once charging work After pipe damage, output can not encourage the base stage of switching triode, and the backup pipe that charges loses clamper and control, recovers biasing, because And emitter has output, normally to be electrically charged pond charge.821

Should additionally illustrate some, when the service life of triode in theory although very high, the production of triode in itself Journey and charger on the make to welding of triode etc. the reason for or improper factor in use, usually make The service life is challenged as triode, and such requirement is not achieved, and it is such change jobs earnestly automatically, be exactly to this three One kind that the high life is not achieved in pole pipe makes up.Second is that since two transistor parameters are consistent, when work, is at opening state, institute With the work of either charging work pipe or the work of backup pipe, so entire charging will not change.Third, using a pipe （Backup pipe in the present invention）For dormancy shape, so the power consumption of the pipe is approximately zero, and the triode service life is consumed with it Power have very big relation, so be hardly damaged, and better using simple parallel relationship connection functional reliability than with two pipes Much, and simply in parallel like that, after a pipe damages, constant current value will change, and electric property will also change.

Because above-mentioned reason, it is very big present invention measure meaning by the way of " work and backup formula work " 's.

B, to the explanation of switching triode.

First, why control the Push And Release triode of charging easily bad in circuit in maintenance statistics, an important original Cause is that the charging current value in charge circuit is larger, and power consumption is big, fragile, in addition suddenly from changing to zero greatly, to equipment inside shape Into a kind of impact, one layer of reason is also formed, and switches triode and loads as base current, power consumption very little very little, so will not Damage, because without becoming new trouble point.

Second is that switching triode will not have an impact the constant current value of charge circuit, the charging current of charge circuit is 10 millis It will also be more than 1A more than peace or even when battery capacity is big, and switch the base current of triode only below 0.5 milliampere, institute Will not be had an impact to constant current value.

This measure has the advantages of prominent after implementing：

1st, it is to substantially increase the service life of charger by this measure one, reduces the scrappage of charger, second is that being electrically charged pond Science charging is realized, maintenance is enhanced, extends the service life for being electrically charged pond, reduce scrappage.And employ such charging Mode or even to failed chargeable battery, there is a degree of repair.And battery environmental pollution is relatively large.And Both products, either chargeable battery or mating charger are all the commonly used species of the modern life, so energy Enhance the environmental protection of two kinds of products.Environmental protection is without minor matter, so this measure has positive effect.

2nd, also there is important economic value, for the value of common electronic product, such as charger this kind of product, do not having Have under rare first material, so first is Value of Science ＆ Technology, second is manually to add expense, and the 3rd is only the cost of element, and originally arranges It is limited to apply the increased element of institute.After this measure is implemented, it can be clearly felt that after user first, charger life-time dilatation, second is that The extension of pond service life is electrically charged, third, significant change will not occur for capacity, therefore society is bound to receive, and recognizes its scientific value, Therefore this excellent product can replace the product of inferior quality.Since in the modern life, the product purpose is extremely widespread, so can generate Significant economic value.

3rd, due to using constant-current source charging modes, and at the end of determined according to the situation for being electrically charged cell voltage, to very much Battery can carry out the maintenance of science, and science charging has a significant impact to the service life of battery with capacity, so online also such Argument, many batteries are not damaged, but are filled this bad saying, so much advanced tell electrical appliance, are clearly proposed It charges to the charger of used battery specialty.

4th, this measure is had excellent performance, first, constant current value is flexibly adjustable thus suitable different species.Second is that constant current source charging It can be adjusted flexibly using the time, third, the end voltage for being electrically charged pond is flexibly adjustable, it is possible to be suitble to polytype quilt Rechargable battery, charging science.Fourth, acoustic notification after charging, the person of convenience is for the use of very.Fifth, this measure also has the knot that charges The advantages that overcharging is not afraid of after beam.

5th, each unit is connected science, and has accomplished comprehensive utilization, thus line circuit is simplified, reliability is high.It is although more Voice sheet, but simplified because element lacks circuit, voice sheet facet is thin, but still just installation very well.

6th, easily production, easily debugs, is well suited for Micro-production.

7th, this measure is particularly using the big amplifying unit of common mode as circuit is terminated, so this measure incapability is on colder ground Square or higher temperature place use suffers from preferable performance, while this measure does not use integrated circuit, and these are separated The voltage value that part is born has very big space, adds after helping sound resistance, and sound instruction function is apparent, so effect is presented in this measure It is good, but advantage at low cost.Beneficial to popularization.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the unit relational graph of reliable constant-current pulse formula floating charge device.

In figure：1st, rectification exports；2nd, constant current N-type charhing unit；2.1st, constant-current charge operating circuit；2.2nd, constant-current charge is standby Part circuit；2.3rd, work isolating diode；9th, switch unit；4th, load unit；3rd, double N pipes oscillating units；7th, terminate common mode to put Big unit；5th, circuit is terminated；6th, comparison circuit；8th, charge and terminate alarm unit；10th, trickle resistance.

Fig. 2 is reliable constant-current pulse formula floating charge device circuit diagram.

In figure：1st, rectification exports；2.11st, charging work pipe；2.12nd, charge triggering resistance；2.13rd, work constant current limitation electricity Resistance；2.15th, work constant current adjustable resistance；2.16th, work tuning instruction；2.21st, charge backup pipe；2.22nd, charge backup resistance； 2.23rd, backup constant current limiting resistance；2.25th, backup constant current adjustable resistance；2.26th, backup tuning instruction；2.3rd, work isolation electricity Resistance；3.11st, oscillating tube one；3.12nd, oscillating tube two；3.21st, commissure capacitance one；3.22nd, commissure capacitance two；3.31, Discharge illuminating Guan Yi；3.32nd, luminous discharge tube two；3.41st, base resistance one is vibrated；3.42nd, base resistance two is vibrated；3.51, oscillation power Resistance one；3.52nd, oscillation power resistance two；3.81st, charging clamp diode；3.82nd, charging clamp diode two；4.1st, filled Battery；4.2nd, it is electrically charged pond contact indicator light；4.3rd, it is electrically charged pond contact instruction protective resistance；5.1st, triode one is terminated； 5.2nd, adjustable resistance is sampled；5.3rd, protective resistance is sampled；5.5th, lower inclined resistance；5.6th, ground resistance；5.8th, diode is terminated； 6.1st, triode is compared；6.2nd, collector resistance；6.3rd, upper inclined resistance；6.5th, feedback capacity；6.6th, discharge resistance；6.7th, feed back Diode；6.8th, lower inclined voltage-stabiliser tube；7.1st, clamp diode；8.1st, current-limiting resistance；8.2nd, sounding body；8.3rd, termination instruction lamp； 9.1st, triode is switched；9.2nd, divider resistance；9.3rd, handover trigger resistance；10th, trickle resistance.

Fig. 3 is sounding body structure chart.

In figure：8.21, voice sheet；8.22, piezoelectric ceramic piece；8.23rd, a pole of piezoelectric ceramic piece；8.25, piezoelectric ceramics Another pole of piece；8.26th, sound resistance is helped.

Fig. 4 is fictitious load and the inspection of constant current unit and test method figure.

In figure：1st, rectification exports；2.11st, charging work pipe；2.12nd, charge triggering resistance；2.13rd, work constant current limitation electricity Resistance；2.15th, work constant current adjustable resistance；2.16th, work tuning instruction；2.21, charge backup pipe；2.22nd, charge backup resistance； 2.23rd, backup constant current limiting resistance；2.25, backup constant current adjustable resistance；2.26th, backup tuning instruction；2.3rd, work isolation electricity Resistance；4.2nd, it is electrically charged pond contact indicator light；4.3rd, it is electrically charged pond contact instruction protective resistance；161.1st, inclined limit value electricity in fictitious load Resistance；161.2nd, fictitious load voltage stabilizing value is adjustable；161.3, fictitious load lower inclined resistance；161.4, fictitious load triode；161.5, it is false negative Carry collector resistance；17th, voltmeter red test pencil；18th, voltmeter black meter pen.

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1,2,3,4 have gone out a kind of implementation example of making.

First, element is selected：Two tuning instructions use light emitting diode.Charging work pipe is tri- poles of NPN with the backup pipe that charges 3DD15 in pipe；Terminate triode, compare two oscillating tube of triode, switching triode using 8050 in NPN triode.Two Pole pipe uses face contact-type.

2nd, making sheet, welding：Circuit control panel is made by Fig. 2, by the schematic diagram soldered elements of Fig. 2.Sounding body such as Fig. 3 institutes Show welding.

3rd, it is powered and checks and debug.

1st, to the inspection of constant-current source part.

It is linked to be adjustable voltage-stabiliser tube analog circuit with a triode, instead of being electrically charged pond as live load.Claim afterwards false Load.It connects to charge between output terminal and ground with the voltage of universal meter.

Fictitious load is debugged, the voltage gear allowed in universal meter is shown as different voltage values, such as 6 volts, 12 volts, 18 volts, 24 volts.

It is linked to be the principle of adjustable voltage-stabiliser tube analog circuit with a triode, when the upper inclined resistance of the pipe becomes higher, fills The voltage at electric end will increase the bias voltage that could puncture the pipe, and the pipe is made to enter magnifying state, the fictitious load triode（Fig. 4 In 161.4）Collector voltage there are one the scope of variation, thus a different zener diode can be modeled to, because And 6 volts, 12 volts, 18 volts 24 volts of value can be simulated.

Adjust the value of the constant current of constant-current charge instrumentation tubes.

The circuit of backup pipe is disconnected, adjusts work constant current adjustable resistance（2.15 in Fig. 2）Value, meet its constant current value It is required that work tuning instruction should be also observed at this time（2.16 in Fig. 2）Ying Weixian light, should be by the constant current that works if do not glimmered The value of adjustable resistance increases.If also not all right, work triggering resistance should be reduced（2.12 in Fig. 2）Resistance value.It should illustrate It is because the PN sections of luminous tube are more at 1 volt, more than 0.7 volt, about 1.2 or so in this measure only with one so shine Pipe.

Adjust the constant current value of constant-current charge backup pipe.

The circuit of charging work pipe is disconnected, disconnects switch unit circuit.The backup for adjusting backup pipe emitter series connection of charging is permanent The value of adjustable resistance is flowed, its constant current value is made to meet the requirements, backup tuning instruction should be also observed at this time and answer micro- aobvious light, it otherwise should will be standby The value of part constant current adjustable resistance increases.If also not all right, the resistance value of backup triggering resistance should be reduced.It shall yet further be noted that it simultaneously The constant current value of middle charging work pipe and the backup pipe that charges should be basically identical.

2nd, to the working condition inspection of constant current N-type charhing unit.

Connect fictitious load.

Charged state inspection.

After energization, power supply connecting resistance short circuit oscillating tube one（3.11 in Fig. 2）Base stage, allow oscillating tube one current collection extremely A high position is modeled to for charged state.At this time with the voltmeter test charging work pipe of universal meter（2.11 in Fig. 2）Transmitting Pole output point, at this time voltage should be high-order.

Inspection at the end of charging.

Property-line short circuit oscillating tube one（3.11 in Fig. 2）Base stage, allow the current collection extremely low level of oscillating tube one, use general-purpose The voltmeter test charging work pipe of table（2.11 in Fig. 2）Emitter without output, be in the off state of cut-off.

3rd, to switching triode（9.1 in Fig. 2）Detection and debugging.

Analog charge state.Short-circuit charging work pipe simultaneously（2.11 in Fig. 2）Base stage and emitter, analog charge work Make the situation of pipe damage, ammeter is connected in switching transistor collector circuit, switching transistor collector at this time should nothing Electric current if any electric current, then should reduce the resistance value of divider resistance.Triode damages, and most cases are the situations of PN section open circuits, a small number of It is the situation of PN section short circuits, and switches triode during open circuit without biasing, it must be without collector current.Belong to short circuit, because switching triode Base stage over the ground lower inclined resistance shunting still can be as the situation of no base stage, so collector still no current.

Analog charge state.The collector voltage of measurement switching triode should be 0.2 volt of saturation value, if it is not, then should Reduce the resistance value of triggering resistance.

4th, charging work triode and backup pipe are automatically switched to check.

The position for being electrically charged pond is connected on dummy resistance.Analog charge state.

The ammeter of universal meter is connected in the emitter circuit of backup pipe, ammeter indicator current is zero.

The ammeter of universal meter is connected in charging work pipe emitter circuit, table has electric current instruction at this time.

The above situation correctly illustrates that backup pipe working condition is correct, and in off state, and charging work pipe is energization shape State.Otherwise it is that line is wrong.

The base stage and emitter of short-circuit charging work pipe,（Simulate pipe damage）, the ammeter of universal meter is connected on standby In part pipe emitter circuit, ammeter instruction has electric current.Its current value should closely be similar to the output valve of charging work pipe.

5th, to the detection of double N pipes oscillating units.

Double N pipes oscillating units start in the case of, luminous discharge tube can send out flash it is luminous, at this moment with the positive test pencil of universal meter The collector of oscillating tube one or oscillating tube two is connect, indicator can be swung up and down.Represent working properly.Adjust the collector of oscillating tube Source resistance or commissure capacitance, rule are that capacitance is smaller with resistance value, and frequency is faster, otherwise slower.

6th, to the inspection and test of end circuit.

A, replaced being electrically charged pond with fictitious load, by fictitious load debugging to unclosed state.

Check the state status for comparing triode.

Check that compare the base voltage of triode saves for two PN.Its collector is 0.2 volt or so with two voltage of emitter. , if it is not, collector resistance should be increased（6.2 in Fig. 2）Resistance value.

Check that the state for terminating triode terminates triode and should be cut-off state.

B, replaced being electrically charged pond with fictitious load, by fictitious load debugging to unclosed state, such as 13.8 volts.

Terminate transistor collector, cold end ground connection with the hot junction connection of oscillograph.

Debugging terminates the sampling adjustable resistance of triode, and oscillograph current potential is from high to low rapidly, if without this phenomenon, The sampling adjustable resistance for terminating triode should be debugged（5.2 in Fig. 2）With sampling protective resistance（5.3 in Fig. 2）Numerical value, make Meet the requirements.

Debugging terminates the sampling adjustable resistance of triode, and oscillograph current potential is changed and answered rapidly by from high to low, no Derivative Feedback capacitance should then be increased（6.5 in Fig. 2）Capacity.

7th, the inspection of alarm unit is terminated to charging.

After installation is correctly electrically charged pond, pond contact indicator light is electrically charged（4.2 in Fig. 2）Answer light.

8th, the inspection and debugging divided part, sounding body are as shown in Figure 3.

Allow voice sheet（8.21 in Fig. 3）It connects with the mains, at this time piezoelectric ceramic piece（8.22 in Fig. 3）Meeting sounding sound, is adjusted It changes and helps sound resistance（8.26 in Fig. 3）Resistance value makes piezoelectric ceramic piece reach max volume.

9th, to the detection of trickle current.

Ammeter is connected on trickle resistance（9 in Fig. 2）Branch road, debug tiny stream resistance, make tiny stream electric current in accordance with will It asks.

Illustrate, when charging work pipe elects large power triode as, being electrically charged the capacity in pond can greatly improve.

Claims (4)

1. reliable constant-current pulse formula floating charge device, it is characterized in that：By constant current N-type charhing unit, switch unit, double N pipes vibrations are single Member terminates common mode amplifying unit, charges and terminates alarm unit, trickle resistance, load unit composition；

Wherein：Relation between each unit is：

Constant current N-type charhing unit, which is connected in rectification output and load unit, to be electrically charged between the anode in pond, and switch unit is connected on perseverance Flow between the constant-current charging circuit of N-type charhing unit and constant current fallback circuit, terminate common mode amplifying unit by end circuit with than It is formed compared with circuit, terminates the sampling adjustable resistance series connection sampling protective resistance of circuit, one end is to terminate common mode amplifying unit Input connects the anode for being electrically charged pond, terminates the double N pipe oscillating units of output control of common mode amplifying unit, double N pipes oscillating unit controls Constant-current charge unit is made, trickle resistance is connected on rectification output and is electrically charged between the anode of pond；

Element relation in each unit is：

Constant current N-type charhing unit is made of constant-current charging circuit, constant current fallback circuit；

Constant-current charging circuit by charging work pipe, work constant current adjustable resistance, work constant current limiting resistance, work tuning instruction, Work triggering resistance, work isolating diode composition；Constant current fallback circuit is by the backup pipe that charges, backup constant current adjustable resistance, standby Part constant current limiting resistance, backup tuning instruction, backup trigger resistance composition；

The collector of charging work pipe connects rectification output, the indirect work triggering resistance of the collector of charging work pipe and base stage, The emitter of charging work pipe connects work constant current limiting resistance and one end of the series arm for the constant current adjustable resistance that works, and work is permanent It is three tunnels to flow limiting resistance and the other end of the series arm for the constant current adjustable resistance that works, and connects handover trigger in switch unit all the way One end of resistance, the second tunnel connect one end of work isolating diode, and the 3rd tunnel connects the cathode of work tuning instruction, and work tuning refers to The anode shown connects the emitter of charging work pipe；

The collector of backup pipe of charging connects rectification output, the backing up indirectly of collector and the base stage of the backup pipe that charges trigger resistance, The emitter of charging backup pipe connects backup constant current limiting resistance isolates with after the series arm of backup constant current adjustable resistance with work The other end of diode is connected, and is the output of constant current N-type charhing unit, and backup tuning instruction is connected on the base stage for the backup pipe that charges Between output with constant current N-type charhing unit, the output of constant current N-type charhing unit connects the anode for being electrically charged pond；

Switch unit is made of switching triode, handover trigger resistance, divider resistance：The base stage of switching triode connects handover trigger The other end of resistance switches the emitter ground line of triode, and divider resistance is connected between base stage and the ground wire of switching triode, The collector of switching triode connects the base stage for the backup pipe that charges；

Double N pipes oscillating units are by two charging clamp diodes, two oscillating tubes, two commissure capacitances, two oscillation power resistance, two vibrations Base resistance, two luminous discharge tubes composition：The emitter ground line of two oscillating tubes, collector and the rectification of two oscillating tubes export it Between respectively connect an oscillation power resistance, a vibration base resistance, vibration are respectively connect between the base stage of two oscillating tubes and rectification output The indirect commissure capacitance one of the collector of pipe one and the base stage of oscillating tube two, vibrate two collector and oscillating tube one base stage it Indirect commissure capacitance two, respectively connects a luminous discharge tube between the base stage and ground wire of two oscillating tubes, the collector of oscillating tube one with A charging clamp diode is respectively connect between the base stage of charging work pipe, the base stage for the backup pipe that charges；

Load unit by be electrically charged pond, be electrically charged pond contact indicator light, be electrically charged pond contact instruction protective resistance form；It is electrically charged Pond contact indicator light shows that protective resistance is connected with by cell contact fingers, is connected between anode and ground wire by battery；

Terminate circuit and collectively constitute end common mode amplifying unit with comparison circuit；

Terminate circuit by end triode, sampling adjustable resistance, sampling protective resistance, lower inclined resistance, ground resistance, two poles of end Pipe forms：Adjustable resistance series connection sampling protective resistance is sampled, one end is the input for terminating circuit, that is to say and terminates common mode amplification The input of unit, is connected on the anode for being electrically charged pond, and the other end connects with terminating the base stage of triode；Lower inclined resistance is connected on end three Between the base stage and ground wire of pole pipe, ground resistance earth terminates between the emitter of triode and ground wire, terminates diode and is connected on It vibrates between the base stage of two pipes and the collector of end triode, the collector for terminating triode is to terminate common mode amplifying unit Output；

Comparison circuit by compare triode, collector resistance, upper inclined resistance, feedback capacity, discharge resistance, feedback diode, under Inclined regulator tube group into：Collector resistance is connected on rectification output compared between the collector of triode, and upper inclined resistance is connected on rectification It exports compared between the base stage of triode, lower inclined voltage-stabiliser tube, which is connected on, to be compared between the base stage of triode and ground wire, feedback capacity A termination compare the collector of triode, the other end is two-way, connects discharge resistance all the way to ground wire, another way connection feedback two To the base stage for terminating triode, the transmitting for comparing triode connects pole pipe with terminating the emitter of triode；

The end alarm unit that charges is made of current-limiting resistance, sounding body, termination instruction branch：One termination rectification of current-limiting resistance is defeated Go out, the other end is two-way, connects sounding body all the way to the collector for terminating triode, another way connects termination instruction branch to end three The collector of pole pipe；

Sounding body by voice sheet, piezoelectric ceramic piece, sound resistance is helped to form；Sound resistance is helped to be connected on the two poles of the earth of piezoelectric ceramic piece, is pressed The two poles of the earth of electroceramics piece connect the both ends of voice sheet respectively；

Trickle resistance is connected between rectification output and the output of constant current N-type charhing unit.

2. reliable constant-current pulse formula floating charge device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Two tuning instructions use luminous two Pole pipe.

3. reliable constant-current pulse formula floating charge device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Charging work pipe is backed up with charging It manages as the 3DD15 in NPN triode；Terminate triode, compare two oscillating tube of triode, switching triode using NPN triode In 8050.

4. reliable constant-current pulse formula floating charge device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Diode uses face contact-type.