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CN106746760A - 一种夹层玻璃的制作方法 - Google Patents

一种夹层玻璃的制作方法 Download PDF

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CN106746760A
CN106746760A CN201611099590.3A CN201611099590A CN106746760A CN 106746760 A CN106746760 A CN 106746760A CN 201611099590 A CN201611099590 A CN 201611099590A CN 106746760 A CN106746760 A CN 106746760A
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glass
pvb films
laminated glass
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pvb
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李仲卿
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Chongqing City Samsung Jingyi Glass Ltd By Share Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B32B37/1018—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure using only vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B11/00—Cleaning flexible or delicate articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
    • B08B11/04—Cleaning flexible or delicate articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto specially adapted for plate glass, e.g. prior to manufacture of windshields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10935—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin as a preformed layer, e.g. formed by extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10972—Degassing during the lamination
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/1099—After-treatment of the layered product, e.g. cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/162—Cleaning

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  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明申请属于玻璃生产加工技术领域，具体公开了一种夹层玻璃的制作方法，包括以下步骤：（1）玻璃的预处理；（2）PVB胶片的处理：在选择好的PVB胶片的厚度方向打一排孔径为0.01mm的通孔；用水清洗PVB胶片的表面，风干，将PVB胶片的含水量控制在40‑45%之间；（3）合片：将PVB胶片自然铺平，玻璃的内外片对齐合片；（4）干燥：往夹层玻璃的夹层处通入热风，干燥PVB胶片，使PVB胶片的含水率控制在0.4‑0.6%；（5）抽真空、施压；（6）高压成型。采用本方法生产夹层玻璃，操作简单，步骤小，生产的产品质量佳，且能有效避免夹层玻璃产生气泡。

Description

一种夹层玻璃的制作方法
技术领域
本发明属于玻璃生产加工技术领域，尤其涉及一种夹层玻璃的制作方法。
背景技术
夹层玻璃是由两片或多片玻璃，之间夹了一层或多层有机聚合物中间膜，经过特殊的高温预压(或抽真空)及高温高压工艺处理后，使玻璃和中间膜永久粘合为一体的复合玻璃产品。夹层玻璃在受到外力冲击造成玻璃破裂时，玻璃的碎片仍能粘结在胶片上，因此，这种复合玻璃具有良好的安全性能。此外，这种玻璃还具有隔音、隔紫外线的特性，因而在现代建筑的外围护结构及建筑内装，包括民用建筑、家用卫浴都适合应用。
现行传统干法生产夹层玻璃的工艺方法包括如下步骤：合片-第一次预压-加热-第二次预压-封边-高温高压-出高压釜-检验-入库。为了避免夹层玻璃以后容易产生气泡，即便PVB胶片含水量过低合片操作时PVB胶片与玻璃不易贴合，在合片时也必须将PVB胶片含水量控制在0.4-0.8％。两次预压和封边的关键作用就是排气和封边。若气没有完全排完已完成封边，最终产品中将留有气泡，成为不良品；若封边不完全，在高温高压步骤时，高压空气将会挤入胶膜间隙，同样形成空气间隙，导致最终产品的失败。无论封边与不封边均容易使产品产生气泡。
由此可见，传统的夹层工艺技术难以满足上述不同要求的产品生产。进一步研究开发新型夹层生产工艺并成功应用于产品生产，提高产品质量和生产效率，对提升企业的核心竞争力和企业在市场地位很有意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在提供一种夹层玻璃的制作方法，以解决生产的夹层玻璃容易产生气泡的问题。
为了达到上述目的，本发明的基础方案为：一种夹层玻璃的制作方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
(1)玻璃的预处理：使用高压水枪喷洗玻璃，将玻璃表面的杂质、污垢冲洗干净；擦干玻璃表面的水分，然后烘干；
(2)PVB胶片的处理：在选择好的PVB胶片的厚度方向打一排孔径为0.01mm的通孔；用水清洗PVB胶片的表面，风干，将PVB胶片的含水量控制在40-45％之间；
(3)合片：将PVB胶片自然铺平，玻璃的内外片对齐合片；
(4)干燥：往夹层玻璃的夹层处通入热风，干燥PVB胶片，使PVB胶片的含水率控制在0.4-0.6％；
(5)抽真空、施压：对步骤(4)获得的玻璃套上抽真空橡皮圈，开启气阀，对玻璃进行冷抽5-8min，抽真空的同时对玻璃施加0.6-0.8MPA压力；
(6)高压成型：将步骤(3)获得的玻璃放入高压釜，釜内温度升至60-80℃时，加压，使釜内气压达到0.8-0.9MPA；釜内继续升温至125-135℃时，加压，使釜内气压达到1.2-1.5MPA，恒温恒压保持1-1.5h；降温，降温至45℃后，排气降压至大气水平。
本基础方案的有益效果在于：清洗PVB胶片的表面，除去杂质，能使PVB胶片与玻璃粘结更牢固、且不易产生气泡。合片前，将PVB胶片的含水量控制在40-45％之间，PVB胶片含水量较高，由于水表张力和PVB胶片与玻璃的附着力，使得PVB胶片与玻璃间的液面是内向凹陷的，同时对合片后的夹层玻璃施压，PVB胶片与玻璃间的水膜层越薄，张力和附着力作用越明显，PVB胶片与玻璃间的黏结更为牢固。另外，由于PVB胶片含水量较高，PVB胶片与玻璃间形成水膜，PVB胶片与玻璃的空气被挤出，夹层玻璃没有气泡的产生，PVB胶片与玻璃间为真空状态，这样大气压力把两块玻璃紧紧的压在一起。本技术方案在步骤3)合片时，将PVB胶片的含水量控制在40-45％之间，与现有的操作步骤不同，但却取得了意想不到的效果。
PVB胶片的厚度方向设有一排通孔，往夹层玻璃的夹层处通入热风，PVB胶片上的水分通过通孔被带出夹层玻璃，使PVB胶片的含水率控制在0.5-1.0％。PVB胶片的含水率过高，夹层玻璃存放一端时间后，容易导致气泡出现，含水率控制在0.5-1.0％，能够有效避免该情况的出现。干燥后对夹层玻璃抽真空，排出通孔中的多余空气，使PVB胶片紧密贴合。
现行传统干法生产夹层玻璃的工艺方法包括如下步骤：合片-第一次预压-加热-第二次预压-封边-高温高压-出高压釜，步骤繁多，且需要多次预压，耗费能源；而采用本方法生产夹层玻璃，操作简单，步骤小，生产的产品质量佳，且能有效避免夹层玻璃产生气泡。
进一步的，所述高压水枪喷出的水为硬度低于50ppm的软化水。合片前需要对玻璃进行清洁，其目的在于将存在于玻璃表面的杂质、油污去除，使玻璃与PVB胶片黏结得更牢固。清洗需采用软化水，倘若水的硬度过大，玻璃干燥后表面会出现灰雾和白迹印，影响产品质量。
进一步的，步骤(3)中还包括用刀片切除割除夹层玻璃周边多余的胶片，使周边留有1-3mm宽度的胶片。使周边留有1-3mm左右宽度的多余胶片，这样可以避免胶片收缩造成缩膜，有助于边部的粘合。
进一步的，还包括高压成型后的封边，在气压为0.5-0.8MPA下采用聚氨酯胶对夹层玻璃进行封胶。PVB胶片由于其特定的化学结构，它对醋酸、醇类及酮类物质的耐受性差，甚至可被溶解或软化以至丧失粘结性，为了避免上述情况的出现选用聚氨酯胶进行封边。
具体实施方式
下面以实施例1为例详细描述一种夹层玻璃的制作方法，其他实施例和对比例在表1中体现，未示出的部分与实施例1相同。
实施例1
本实施例公开了一种夹层玻璃的制作方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)玻璃的预处理：使用高压水枪喷洗玻璃，将玻璃表面的杂质、污垢冲洗干净；擦干玻璃表面的水分，然后烘干；
(2)PVB胶片的处理：在选择好的PVB胶片的厚度方向打一排孔径为0.01mm的通孔；用水清洗PVB胶片的表面，风干，将PVB胶片的含水量控制在40％；
(3)合片：将PVB胶片自然铺平，玻璃的内外片对齐合片；
(4)干燥：往夹层玻璃的夹层处通入热风，干燥PVB胶片，使PVB胶片的含水率控制在0.4％；
(5)抽真空、施压：对步骤(4)获得的玻璃套上抽真空橡皮圈，开启气阀，对玻璃进行冷抽5min，抽真空的同时对玻璃施加0.6MPA压力；
(6)高压成型：将步骤(3)获得的玻璃放入高压釜，釜内温度升至60℃时，加压，使釜内气压达到0.8MPA；釜内继续升温至125℃时，加压，使釜内气压达到1.2MPA，恒温恒压保持1h；降温，降温至45℃后，排气降压至大气水平。
表1
对比例2为市场购买的夹层玻璃。
分别取实施例1至对比例2中制成的夹层玻璃100片，将上述玻璃放入潮湿、酸蚀的环境中，不时对夹层玻璃进行吹风、浇水，在不同时间段内观察玻璃的起泡率，结果如表2所示：
表2
结论：从上表的试验数据中可以看出，采用本发明方法生产的夹层玻璃质量较好，其起泡率明显比市场上销售的夹层玻璃起泡率低。

Claims (4)

1.一种夹层玻璃的制作方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
（1）玻璃的预处理：使用高压水枪喷洗玻璃，将玻璃表面的杂质、污垢冲洗干净；擦干玻璃表面的水分，然后烘干；
（2）PVB胶片的处理：在选择好的PVB胶片的厚度方向打一排孔径为0.01mm的通孔；用水清洗PVB胶片的表面，风干，将PVB胶片的含水量控制在40-45%之间；
（3）合片：将PVB胶片自然铺平，玻璃的内外片对齐合片；
（4）干燥：往夹层玻璃的夹层处通入热风，干燥PVB胶片，使PVB胶片的含水率控制在0.4-0.6%；
（5）抽真空、施压：对步骤（4）获得的玻璃套上抽真空橡皮圈，开启气阀，对玻璃进行冷抽5-8min，抽真空的同时对玻璃施加0.6-0.8MPA压力；
（6）高压成型：将步骤（3）获得的玻璃放入高压釜，釜内温度升至60-80℃时，加压，使釜内气压达到0.8-0.9MPA；釜内继续升温至125-135℃时，加压，使釜内气压达到1.2-1.5MPA，恒温恒压保持1-1.5h；降温，降温至45℃后，排气降压至大气水平。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种夹层玻璃的制作方法，其特征在于，所述高压水枪喷出的水为硬度低于50ppm的软化水。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种夹层玻璃的制作方法，其特征在于，步骤（3）中还包括用刀片切除割除夹层玻璃周边多余的胶片，使周边留有1-3mm宽度的胶片。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种夹层玻璃的制作方法，其特征在于，还包括高压成型后的封边，在气压为0.5-0.8MPA下采用聚氨酯胶对夹层玻璃进行封胶。
CN201611099590.3A 2016-12-02 2016-12-02 一种夹层玻璃的制作方法 Pending CN106746760A (zh)

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CN107933054A (zh) * 2017-11-23 2018-04-20 安徽鑫盛玻璃有限公司 一种夹层玻璃的加工方法
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CN108859329A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-23 九江市正达玻璃实业有限公司 一种复合式夹层玻璃的配方及其制备方法
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CN110421945A (zh) * 2019-08-06 2019-11-08 上海皓晶玻璃制品有限公司 一种无气泡夹层玻璃的加工方法
CN110588105A (zh) * 2019-09-11 2019-12-20 信义玻璃(天津)有限公司 增厚夹层玻璃及其制作方法
CN113386445A (zh) * 2021-06-16 2021-09-14 海南海玻工程玻璃有限公司 一种夹层玻璃的加工装置及方法

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107933054A (zh) * 2017-11-23 2018-04-20 安徽鑫盛玻璃有限公司 一种夹层玻璃的加工方法
CN108582926A (zh) * 2018-04-28 2018-09-28 江苏华尚汽车玻璃工业有限公司 一种双向防弹玻璃的制备方法
CN108582926B (zh) * 2018-04-28 2021-02-12 江苏华尚汽车玻璃工业有限公司 一种双向防弹玻璃的制备方法
CN108859329A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-23 九江市正达玻璃实业有限公司 一种复合式夹层玻璃的配方及其制备方法
CN110204224A (zh) * 2019-05-16 2019-09-06 信义汽车玻璃(深圳)有限公司 通电加热夹层玻璃及其制造方法
CN110421945A (zh) * 2019-08-06 2019-11-08 上海皓晶玻璃制品有限公司 一种无气泡夹层玻璃的加工方法
CN110588105A (zh) * 2019-09-11 2019-12-20 信义玻璃(天津)有限公司 增厚夹层玻璃及其制作方法
CN110588105B (zh) * 2019-09-11 2024-03-22 信义玻璃(天津)有限公司 增厚夹层玻璃及其制作方法
CN113386445A (zh) * 2021-06-16 2021-09-14 海南海玻工程玻璃有限公司 一种夹层玻璃的加工装置及方法

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