CN106305548A - Semi-ecological fry rearing method for large-size river crab parents in low-salinity cement pool of river estuarine region - Google Patents
Semi-ecological fry rearing method for large-size river crab parents in low-salinity cement pool of river estuarine region Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a semi-ecological fry rearing method for large-size river crab parents in a low-salinity cement pool of a river estuarine region. The semi-ecological fry rearing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of stocking egg-carrying crabs in a crab pot, and putting in a fry rearing pool for hatching to obtain a membrane; after hanging the pot for 20 to 24 hours, changing the crab pot into another pool for continuously breeding fries; starting to change water at zoea larva stage II, wherein the water change amount of every day is 30 to 50 percent; starting to feed yolk and frozen rotifers at zoea larva stage I, feeding the frozen rotifers at the zoea larva stage II, feeding the frozen rotifers and artemia nauplii at zoea larva stage III, feeding the frozen rotifers, the artemia nauplii and freshwater cladoceras at zoea larva stage IV, feeding the artemia nauplii and freshwater cladoceras at zoea larva stage V, and feeding frozen big adult fairy shrimps at the later stage of the zoea larva stage V; feeding megalops larva with freshwater moina and the big adult fairy shrimps; adjusting the kinds and the quantity of feeding baits at any time; desalinating after 95 percent or above of zoea larva become the megalops until the water is close to freshwater; after the desalination is performed for 5 to 6 days, dragging a net, weighing and obtaining fries.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture, especially a kind of big specification crab parent Hekou Area low salinity water mud sump half is ecological
Method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
Eriocheir japonica sinensis (Eriochirs inensis) belongs to hapalonychia guiding principle, Decapoda, Grapsidae, and floss huge legendary turtle Eriocheir sinensis belongs to, is commonly called as big lock
Eriocheir sinensis, crab and eriocheir sinensis, be a kind of large-scale crustacean；Crab often lives in caves the mud bank of Yu Jiang, river and lakes and marhshes, and general daytime is hidden
In hole, night out looks for food, mainly ingest small fish shrimp, Bellamya quadrata, spoil and corn etc.；Annual migration in autumn goes out
Sea, sea-water area copulation, fertilization and oogenesis, in the 3-5 month incubation of membrane in next year, after developing into juvenile crab, then river of tracing back returns to fresh water
District's growth promoter；Crab is a kind of famous and precious freshwater aquiculture kind, has delicious flavour, nutritious and higher economic valency
Value, is liked by vast civic deeply；Along with the development of culture of Chinese mitten crab, for making up juvenile crab natural resources in short supply, promote river
The breakthrough of Eriocheir sinensis artificial breeding technology and improvement, for improving and protection crab germ plasm resource, stablize the sustainable development of crab industry,
Crab parent develops into big specification (female 3 liang, male more than 4 liang) from traditional small dimension (1.6-2 two), and method for culturing seedlings is from traditional
Industrial artificial is bred and is developed into Hekou Area low salinity water mud sump half ecology and breed.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the artificial raise seedling method for solving big specification crab parent's low cost high production and energy-conservation subtract
The method of row, it is provided that the ecological seedling-raising technique of a kind of big specification crab parent Hekou Area low salinity water mud sump half.
Technical scheme is carried out in half ecological nursery pond, it is characterized in that when ovigerous crab heart beating is at 150-180
More than beat/min, germ cell color be light gray shinny, glittering and translucent time, catch out ovigerous crab and put in a suitable place to breed in crab pot, each crab pot
Breeding density is 25-30, is placed in incubation of membrane in the nursery pond of half ecology；Color similarity with ovigerous crab germ cell, it is ensured that
The relative synchronization of different ovigerous crab release germling；Half ecological nursery pond one end water inlet suitable for reading, water outlet bottom the other end；Half a lifetime
The nursery pond of state is successively inflated, and pneumatic head density is 0.8-1.2/m2；Nursery sea water is the sky of Hekou Area Low-salinity
So sea water, receives water precipitation in soil in winter pond, uses double-deck 150-200 mesh silk cover filtering during water intaking, filter off zooplankton and
Other harmful organisms, salinity is 8-11；Nursery water temperature is nature seawater temperature 18-23 DEG C；Crab seedling rearing uses low water level cloth Seedling
Method, during cloth Seedling, the depth of water is 40-50cm, and after zoea larva I phase discharges, each pond takes 40-50 point sampling, calculates single
Position water body zoea larva density, in half ecological nursery pond, zoea larva density reaches ten thousand/m of 8-102, or the hanging cage time reach
After 20-24 hour, take out crab pot and change pond continuation cloth Seedling；After nursery pond zoea larva density reaches, add sea water every day 1 time, add
The water yield is 15-20, until nursery water level reaches 100-110, zoea larva II phase starts to change water, uses cuboid when changing water
Change water frame, change water frame length × a width of 50 × 50cm, high 100cm, outside with nylon mesh tulle surround, by siphon insert change water
The center of frame, utilizes the method for siphon to draw water, and puts into 2-3 gas head in changing water frame, and fully roll water body, simultaneously
Irregularly water-sprinkling, makes zoea larva be attached on the most easily in the mesh sheet changing water frame, it addition, along with zoea larva development by metamorphosis, individual
Body increases, and changes the mesh of bolting silk net at any time, passs from 60 mesh dilute to 30 mesh step by step；Changing water every day 1 time, each quantity of exchanged water is 30-
50%；During bait feeding, uniformly splash in full pond, and zoea larva I phase starts throw something and feed egg yolk and frost wheel animalcule, and throw something and feed every day egg yolk 3-4
Secondary, to throw something and feed egg yolk 1-2 every time, throw something and feed every day and freeze wheel animalcule 5-6 time, each feeding volume is 5-10/l；Zoea larva II phase
Throwing something and feeding every day and freeze wheel animalcule 5-6 time, each feeding volume is 5-10/l；Zoea larva III is thrown something and fed frost wheel animalcule and artemia every day phase
Nauplius, throws something and feeds and freezes wheel animalcule 5-6 time, and each feeding volume is 5-10/l, each 1 time of artemia nauplii of throwing something and feeding upper and lower noon,
Feeding volume is 0.5-1/l；Zoea larva IV is thrown something and fed frost wheel animalcule, artemia nauplii and Cladocera from Freshwaters every day phase, throws something and feeds
Frost wheel animalcule 3-4 time, each feeding volume is 5-10/l, artemia nauplii of throwing something and feeding, each 1 time of upper and lower noon, and feeding volume is respectively
1-2/l, the Cladocera from Freshwaters 3 times of throwing something and feeding, upper and lower noon and each 1 time of evening, when throwing something and feeding, filter off big insect with the bolting silk of 30-40 mesh,
Feeding volume is 5-10/l；Zoea larva V is thrown something and fed artemia nauplii and Cladocera from Freshwaters every day phase, and artemia of throwing something and feeding is without joint children
Body, at each 1 time of upper and lower noon, feeding volume is respectively 1-2/l, the Cladocera from Freshwaters 3 times of throwing something and feeding, and upper and lower noon and each 1 time of evening, throws something and feeds
Time filter off big insect with the bolting silk of 20-30 mesh, feeding volume is 5-10/l, and the zoea larva V after date phase throws something and feeds the big fairy shrimp of frost
Adult, feeding volume is 1-2/l, when throwing something and feeding, the big fairy shrimp adult boiled water thawed is soaked 8-10min, then uses 8-
12ppm potassium permanganate solution soaking disinfection 30min, then rinse well with clear water, the cold preservation that drains the water is standby, crab zoea larva
Becoming megalops larva after 5 times cast off a skin, megalops larva is mainly thrown something and fed fresh water naked abdomen flea and big fairy shrimp adult, fresh water naked abdomen flea
Throwing something and feeding every day 3 times, filter off big insect and impurity with the bolting silk of 20-30 mesh when throwing something and feeding, each feeding volume is 10-15/l, throws something and feeds
Freezing big fairy shrimp adult 6 times, each feeding volume is 2-3/l；Measure water temperature every day, check that crab zoea larva is ingested feelings
Condition, adjusts throw something and feed food species and quantity at any time, observes change of water quality and larval metamorphosis is grown and situation of casting off a skin, adjust in time and change
The water yield；Desalinating after more than 95% zoea larva becomes megalops larva, desalination number of times is 3-4 time, every time under desalination salinity
Fall 2-3, until close to fresh water, desalination natural law, after 5-6 days, draws in the net to weigh and emerges.
The present invention is to solve big specification crab parent Hekou Area low salinity water relative to the outstanding feature of prior art
The ecological seedling-raising technique of mud sump half, under the conditions of salinity 8-11, the wheel animalcule of frost of throwing something and feeding, a small amount of halogen children, the easy fresh water branch cultivated
The biological feeds such as angle class and the big fairy shrimp adult of frost, make big specification crab parent Hekou Area Low-salinity half ecological breeding cultivate
Become megalops larva unit of water body 150-300g/m2；Realize scale breeding, solve Low-salinity room temperature and breed, play energy-saving and emission-reduction,
Stablize the sustainable development of crab industry, improve Social benefit and economic benefit；And method is practical, facility is simple, operation letter
Just, easily promote.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention selects in Shanghai Aquatic Product Institute seed being positioned at the May 4th farm, Fengxian District domestic (Hangzhou Wan water system)
Technique center, in 2013-2015 year, using the half a length of 30m of ecological breeding pond, width is 5m and the degree of depth is the cement of 1.3m
Pond, uses booth steel pipe to be barricaded as ring booth structure above pond, ground floor covers anti-dropping plastic film (10 thickness), and the second layer covers
Shelter from heat or light the Sunshade film of rate (60-70%), fixes with film-pressing line or nylon rope and jump ring；The water inlet suitable for reading of nursery pond one end, the other end
Bottom water outlet；Half ecological breeding pond is successively inflated, and inflation is in boiling-like, and pneumatic head density is 0.8-1.2/m2；Crab pot
Being fabricated to cylindric by a diameter of 6 round steel, a diameter of 50-55cm, height is 45-50cm, and outside mesh is the Buddhist nun of 1-2cm
Dragon net surrounds；Nursery sea water is the natural sea-water of Hekou Area Low-salinity, receives water precipitation in Tu Chi in winter pond, uses during water intaking
Double-deck 150-200 mesh silk cover filtering, filters off zooplankton and other harmful organisms etc., and salinity is 8-11；Nursery water temperature is certainly
So ocean temperature 18-23 DEG C；When ovigerous crab heart beating is more than 150-180 beat/min, germ cell color is that light gray is shinny, brilliant
When jade-like stone is exquisitely carved, catching out ovigerous crab and put in a suitable place to breed in crab pot, each crab pot breeding density is 25-30, is placed in the nursery pond of half ecology
Middle incubation of membrane；Require that the color observing ovigerous crab germ cell is the most similar, it is ensured that different ovigerous crabs discharge the relatively same of germling
Step property；Crab seedling rearing uses low water level cloth Seedling method, and during cloth Seedling, the depth of water is 40-50cm, treats zoea larva I phase (to be called for short Z1) discharge
After Laiing, each pond takes 40-50 point sampling, unit of account water body zoea larva density, Z in general nursery pond1Zoea larva
Density reaches ten thousand/m of 8-102, or after the hanging cage time reaches 20-24 hour, take out crab pot and change pond and continue cloth Seedling；Treat nursery pond
After zoea larva density reaches, adding sea water every day 1 time, amount of water is 15-20, until nursery water level reaches 100-110, Z2Open
Beginning to change water, use cuboid when changing water changes water frame, changes water frame and uses the round steel of a diameter of 6mm to be fabricated to the cross section length of side × a width of
50 × 50cm, the chase of high 100cm, outside nylon mesh tulle surrounds, and siphon inserts the center changing water frame, utilizes siphon
Method draw water, and in changing water frame, put into 2-3 gas head, fully roll water body, and the most irregularly water-sprinkling, makes shape
Germling is attached in the mesh sheet changing water frame the most easily, it addition, along with zoea larva development by metamorphosis, individual increase, change sieve at any time
The mesh of tulle, passs dilute to 30 mesh step by step from 60 mesh；Changing water every day 1 time, each quantity of exchanged water is 30-50%；During bait feeding complete
Uniformly splash in pond, Z1Start to throw something and feed egg yolk and frost wheel animalcule, and egg yolk 3-4 time of throwing something and feeding every day, the egg yolk 1-2 that every time throws something and feeds is individual, every day
Throwing something and feeding and freeze wheel animalcule 5-6 time, each feeding volume is 5-10/l；Z2Throwing something and feeding and freeze wheel animalcule 5-6 time, each feeding volume is 5-10
㎎/l；Z3Throwing something and feeding and freeze wheel animalcule and artemia nauplii, throw something and feed and freeze wheel animalcule 5-6 time, each feeding volume is 5-10/l, throws something and feeds
At each 1 time of artemia nauplii upper and lower noon, feeding volume is 0.5-1/l；Z4Throw something and feed and freeze wheel animalcule, artemia nauplii and fresh water
Cladocera, throws something and feeds and freezes wheel animalcule 3-4 time, and each feeding volume is 5-10/l, artemia nauplii of throwing something and feeding, each 1 time of upper and lower noon,
Feeding volume is respectively 1-2/l, the Cladocera from Freshwaters 3 times of throwing something and feeding, and upper and lower noon and each 1 time of evening, with the sieve of 30-40 mesh when throwing something and feeding
Thin,tough silk filters off big insect, and feeding volume is 5-10/l；Z5Throwing something and feeding artemia nauplii and Cladocera from Freshwaters, artemia of throwing something and feeding is without joint children
Body, at each 1 time of upper and lower noon, feeding volume is respectively 1-2/l, the Cladocera from Freshwaters 3 times of throwing something and feeding, and upper and lower noon and each 1 time of evening, throws something and feeds
Time filter off big insect with the bolting silk of 20-30 mesh, feeding volume is 5-10/l, Z5Later stage suitably wafts and throws some frosts big fairy shrimps one-tenth
Body, feeding volume is 1-2/l, when throwing something and feeding, the big fairy shrimp adult boiled water thawed is soaked 8-10min, then uses 8-12ppm
Potassium permanganate solution soaking disinfection 30min, then rinse well with clear water, the cold preservation that drains the water can be used at any time, crab zoea larva
Becoming megalops larva after 5 times cast off a skin, megalops larva is mainly thrown something and fed fresh water naked abdomen flea and big fairy shrimp adult, fresh water naked abdomen flea
Throwing something and feeding every day 3 times, filter off big insect and impurity with the bolting silk of 20-30 mesh when throwing something and feeding, each feeding volume is 10-15/l, throws something and feeds
Freezing big fairy shrimp adult 6 times, each feeding volume is 2-3/l；Measure water temperature every day, check that crab zoea larva is ingested feelings
Condition, adjusts throw something and feed food species and quantity at any time, observes change of water quality, larval metamorphosis growth and situation of casting off a skin, adjusts in time and change
The water yield；Desalinating after more than 95% zoea larva becomes megalops larva, desalination number of times is 3-4 time, every time under desalination salinity
Fall about 2-3, until close to fresh water, desalination natural law, typically after 5-6 days, checks the quality of megalops larva, can draw in the net to weigh
Emerge.Crab zoea larva through lasting 21-24 days is cultivated, and uses big specification crab parent Hekou Area Low-salinity half ecological
Nursery is bred as megalops larva unit of water body 150-300g/m2。
Claims (3)
1. big specification crab parent Hekou Area low salinity water mud sump half ecological breeding method, enters in half ecological nursery pond
OK, it is characterized in that, when ovigerous crab heart beating is more than 150-180 beat/min, germ cell color is that light gray is shinny, glittering and translucent
Time, to catch out ovigerous crab and put in a suitable place to breed in crab pot, each crab pot breeding density is 25-30, is placed in the nursery pond of half ecology hatching
Membrane；Color similarity with ovigerous crab germ cell, it is ensured that the relative synchronization of different ovigerous crab release germling；Half ecological nursery
The water inlet suitable for reading of one end, pond, water outlet bottom the other end；Half ecological nursery pond is successively inflated, and pneumatic head density is 0.8-1.2
Individual/m2；Nursery sea water is the natural sea-water of Hekou Area Low-salinity, receives water precipitation in soil in winter pond, uses bilayer during water intaking
150-200 mesh silk cover filtering, filter off zooplankton and other harmful organisms, salinity is 8-11；Nursery water temperature is nature seawater
Temperature 18-23 DEG C；Crab seedling rearing uses low water level cloth Seedling method, and during cloth Seedling, the depth of water is 40-50cm, treats that zoea larva I phase discharges
After Laiing, each pond takes 40-50 point sampling, unit of account water body zoea larva density, shape children in half ecological nursery pond
Body density reaches ten thousand/m of 8-102, or after the hanging cage time reaches 20-24 hour, take out crab pot and change pond and continue cloth Seedling；Treat nursery pond
After zoea larva density reaches, adding sea water every day 1 time, amount of water is 15-20, until nursery water level reaches 100-110,
Zoea larva II phase starts to change water, and use cuboid when changing water changes water frame, changes water frame length × a width of 50 × 50cm, high 100cm, outward
Face nylon mesh tulle surrounds, and siphon inserts the center changing water frame, utilizes the method for siphon to draw water, and changing water
Putting into 2-3 gas head in frame, fully roll water body, and the most irregularly water-sprinkling, makes zoea larva be attached on the most easily and change water frame
In mesh sheet, it addition, along with zoea larva development by metamorphosis, individual increase, change the mesh of bolting silk net at any time, pass dilute step by step from 60 mesh
To 30 mesh；Changing water every day 1 time, each quantity of exchanged water is 30-50%；During bait feeding, uniformly splash in full pond, and zoea larva I phase starts
Throw something and feed egg yolk and frost wheel animalcule, egg yolk 3-4 time of throwing something and feeding every day, throw something and feed egg yolk 1-2 every time, throw something and feed every day and freeze wheel animalcule 5-6 time,
Feeding volume is 5-10/l every time；Zoea larva II is thrown something and fed frost wheel animalcule 5-6 time every day phase, and each feeding volume is 5-10/l；
Zoea larva III is thrown something and fed frost wheel animalcule and artemia nauplii every day phase, and frost wheel animalcule 5-6 time of throwing something and feeding, each feeding volume is 5-10
/ l, at each 1 time of artemia nauplii of throwing something and feeding upper and lower noon, feeding volume is 0.5-1/l；Zoea larva IV is thrown something and fed frost every day phase
Wheel animalcule, artemia nauplii and Cladocera from Freshwaters, throw something and feed and freeze wheel animalcule 3-4 time, and each feeding volume is 5-10/l, artemia of throwing something and feeding
Nauplius, at each 1 time of upper and lower noon, feeding volume is respectively 1-2/l, the Cladocera from Freshwaters 3 times of throwing something and feeding, upper and lower noon and evening each 1
Secondary, filter off big insect with the bolting silk of 30-40 mesh when throwing something and feeding, feeding volume is 5-10/l；Zoea larva V is thrown something and fed artemia every day phase
Nauplius and Cladocera from Freshwaters, artemia nauplii of throwing something and feeding, at each 1 time of upper and lower noon, feeding volume is respectively 1-2/l, throws something and feeds light
Each 1 time of water cladocera 3 times, upper and lower noon and evening, filtering off big insect with the bolting silk of 20-30 mesh when throwing something and feeding, feeding volume is 5-10
/ l, the zoea larva V after date phase throw something and feed frost big fairy shrimp adult, feeding volume is 1-2/l, when throwing something and feeding will thaw great Feng
Year worm adult boiled water soaks 8-10min, then with 8-12ppm potassium permanganate solution soaking disinfection 30min, then rushes with clear water
Wash clean, the cold preservation that drains the water is standby, and crab zoea larva becomes megalops larva after 5 times cast off a skin, and megalops larva is mainly thrown something and fed
Fresh water naked abdomen flea and big fairy shrimp adult, fresh water naked abdomen flea is thrown something and fed 3 times every day, filters off tiger with the bolting silk of 20-30 mesh when throwing something and feeding
Son and impurity, each feeding volume is 10-15/l, throws something and feeds and freezes big fairy shrimp adult 6 times, and each feeding volume is 2-3/l；Often
It measures water temperature, checks that crab zoea larva is ingested situation, adjusts throw something and feed food species and quantity at any time, observe change of water quality and
Larval metamorphosis is grown and situation of casting off a skin, and adjusts quantity of exchanged water in time；Carry out light after more than 95% zoea larva becomes megalops larva
Changing, desalination number of times is 3-4 time, and desalination salinity declines 2-3 every time, until close to fresh water, desalination natural law, after 5-6 days, draws in the net to claim
Reppear Seedling.
Big specification crab parent Hekou Area the most according to claim 1 low salinity water mud sump half ecological breeding method, its
Feature be the nursery pond of half ecology be length 30m, width 5m and the cement pit of degree of depth 1.3m, have booth steel pipe to be barricaded as above pond
Ring booth structure, ceiling ground floor covers 10 thickness of anti-dropping plastic film, and the second layer covers the Sunshade film of rate 60-70% of sheltering from heat or light, and uses
Film-pressing line or nylon rope and jump ring are fixed.
Big specification crab parent Hekou Area the most according to claim 1 low salinity water mud sump half ecological breeding method, its
Feature is that crab pot is fabricated to cylindric by a diameter of 6 round steel, a diameter of 50-55cm, and height is 45-50cm, outside mesh
Nylon wire for 1-2cm surrounds.
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| CN108633788A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-10-12 | 南宁学院 | A kind of Pangasius sutchi low salinity stocking method |
| CN109601450A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-12 | 钦州学院 | The method for improving Eriocheir hepuensis breeding survival rate and grazing rate by control salinity |
| CN109644915A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-19 | 钦州学院 | The method for improving Eriocheir hepuensis breeding survival rate by control temperature and taking the photograph bait rate |
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| CN111642432A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-09-11 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Method for in-situ breeding of red swamp crayfish in rice field planting area in slack winter |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108633788A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-10-12 | 南宁学院 | A kind of Pangasius sutchi low salinity stocking method |
| CN109601450A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-12 | 钦州学院 | The method for improving Eriocheir hepuensis breeding survival rate and grazing rate by control salinity |
| CN109644915A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-19 | 钦州学院 | The method for improving Eriocheir hepuensis breeding survival rate by control temperature and taking the photograph bait rate |
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| CN111642432A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-09-11 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Method for in-situ breeding of red swamp crayfish in rice field planting area in slack winter |
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